1
|
Heo S, Park HJ, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Park SY, Kim KW, Kim SY, Choi SH, Byun JH, Kim SC, Hwang HS, Hong SM. Prognostic value of CT-based radiomics in grade 1-2 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Cancer Imaging 2024; 24:28. [PMID: 38395973 PMCID: PMC10885493 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-024-00673-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgically resected grade 1-2 (G1-2) pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) exhibit diverse clinical outcomes, highlighting the need for reliable prognostic biomarkers. Our study aimed to develop and validate CT-based radiomics model for predicting postsurgical outcome in patients with G1-2 PanNETs, and to compare its performance with the current clinical staging system. METHODS This multicenter retrospective study included patients who underwent dynamic CT and subsequent curative resection for G1-2 PanNETs. A radiomics-based model (R-score) for predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) was developed from a development set (441 patients from one institution) using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-Cox regression analysis. A clinical model (C-model) consisting of age and tumor stage according to the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system was built, and an integrative model combining the C-model and the R-score (CR-model) was developed using multivariable Cox regression analysis. Using an external test set (159 patients from another institution), the models' performance for predicting RFS and overall survival (OS) was evaluated using Harrell's C-index. The incremental value of adding the R-score to the C-model was evaluated using net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). RESULTS The median follow-up periods were 68.3 and 59.7 months in the development and test sets, respectively. In the development set, 58 patients (13.2%) experienced recurrence and 35 (7.9%) died. In the test set, tumors recurred in 14 patients (8.8%) and 12 (7.5%) died. In the test set, the R-score had a C-index of 0.716 for RFS and 0.674 for OS. Compared with the C-model, the CR-model showed higher C-index (RFS, 0.734 vs. 0.662, p = 0.012; OS, 0.781 vs. 0.675, p = 0.043). CR-model also showed improved classification (NRI, 0.330, p < 0.001) and discrimination (IDI, 0.071, p < 0.001) for prediction of 3-year RFS. CONCLUSIONS Our CR-model outperformed the current clinical staging system in prediction of the prognosis for G1-2 PanNETs and added incremental value for predicting postoperative recurrence. The CR-model enables precise identification of high-risk patients, guiding personalized treatment planning to improve outcomes in surgically resected grade 1-2 PanNETs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subin Heo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Jung Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Hoon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, 110-744, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Byun
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sang Hwang
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sung MK, Park H, Park G, Park SY, Lee W, Song KB, Lee JH, Kim SC, Hwang DW, Hong SM. Extranodal extension influences prognosis in pancreatic head cancer: A retrospective cohort study. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2023; 30:240-251. [PMID: 35687075 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extranodal extension (ENE) is an established prognostic factor in several gastrointestinal cancers. However, the prognostic impact remains unclear. Here, we investigated the prognostic implications of ENE in patients with surgically resected pancreatic cancer. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 476 surgically resected pancreatic head cancer patients who consecutively underwent upfront pancreaticoduodenectomy for pathologically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma between January 2009 and December 2013. We compared the disease-free survival (DFS) rates of the patients according to ENE status. RESULTS Among the 476 patients, patients with ENE had lower DFS rates than those without ENE (N0, 13 months; LN+/ENE-, 7 months; LN+/ENE+, 6 months; P < .001). In addition, even in the same N stage, patients with ENE had lower DFS rates than those without ENE (N0, 13 months; N1/ENE- 8 months; N1/ENE+, 7 months; N2/ENE-, 7 months; N2/ENE+, 4 months, P < .001). However, there was no significant difference in survival rates between patients in the N1/ENE+ group and those in the N2/ENE- group. Additionally, ENE was an independent prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSIONS Extranodal extension significantly predicted a poor prognosis among patients with pancreatic head cancer, especially those with nodal metastasis. Therefore, ENE should be considered a prognostic factor in future editions of the staging system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu Sung
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hosub Park
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Guisuk Park
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woohyung Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Byung Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Wook Hwang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sung MK, Park G, Park SY, Lee W, Song KB, Lee JH, Kim SC, Hwang DW, Hong SM. Extranodal extension influences prognosis in pancreatic head cancer. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.4_suppl.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
593 Background: Extranodal extension (ENE) is an established prognostic factor of several gastrointestinal cancers; furthermore, ENE is already included as one component of nodal category of oral cavity, penis, and vulvar cancers. However, the prognostic impact of ENE in pancreatic cancer remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate prognostic implication of ENE in patients with surgically resected pancreatic cancer. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records and pathologic slides of 503 surgically resected pancreatic head cancer patients, who consecutively underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for pathologically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma between January 2009 and December 2013. Patients were categorized into subgroups according to ENE status and AJCC 8th pancreatic cancer staging system. We compared the disease-free survival rates of the patients according to ENE status. Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to evaluate prognostic factors for the disease-free survival of pancreatic head cancer. Results: ENE-positive patient group showed a larger tumor size, a higher rate of lymph node metastasis, and a tendency to be positive for lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and resection margin (p < 0.001). Patients with ENE had lower overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates compared with those without ENE (N0, 30 months; LN+/ENE-, 20 months; LN+/ENE+, 16 months; p < 0.001), (N0, 13 months; LN+/ENE-, 8 months; LN+/ENE+, 5 months; p < 0.001). Patients with higher N categories had lower OS and DFS rates. In addition, even in the same N stage, patients with ENE showed lower OS and DFS rates than those without ENE (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in survival rates between patients in the N1/ENE+ group and the N2/ENE- group. Additionally, ENE was an independent prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer. Conclusions: ENE significantly influenced adverse prognosis among patients with pancreatic head cancer especially for those with nodal metastasis. Therefore, ENE should be considered as a prognostic factor in the future editions of the AJCC staging system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu Sung
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Guisuk Park
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woohyung Lee
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki Byung Song
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Wook Hwang
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Son J, Park IJ, Yang DH, Kim J, Kim KJ, Byeon JS, Hong SM, Kim YI, Kim JB, Lim SB, Yu CS, Kim JC. Oncological outcomes according to the treatment modality based on the size of rectal neuroendocrine tumors: a single-center retrospective study. Surg Endosc 2021; 36:2445-2455. [PMID: 34009477 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to an increased number of colonoscopy screenings, the incidence of diagnosed rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has also increased. Tumor size is one of the most frequently regarded factors when selecting treatment; however, it may not be the determinant prognostic variable. We aimed to evaluate oncological outcomes according to the treatment modality based on the size of rectal NETs. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who were treated for rectal NETs between March 2000 and January 2016 at the Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. Patients who underwent endoscopic removal, local surgical excision, and radical resection were included. The primary outcome was recurrence-free survival (RFS). Data were specified and analyzed following the 2019 World Health Organization classification (WHO). RESULTS A total of 644 patients were categorized under three groups according to the treatment modality used: endoscopic removal (n = 567), surgical local excision (n = 56), and radical resection (n = 21). Of a total of 35 recurrences, 27 were local, whereas eight were distant. The RFS rate did not differ significantly between the treatment groups in the same tumor-size group ([Formula: see text]1 cm group: P = .636, 1-2 cm group: P = .160). For T1 tumors, RFS rate was not different between local excision and radical resection ([Formula: see text]1 cm group: P = .452, 1-2 cm group: P = .700). Depth of invasion, a high Ki-67 index, and margin involvement were confirmed as independent risk factors for recurrence. Among patients treated with endoscopic removal, endoscopic biopsy was a significant factor for worse RFS (P < .001), while tumor size did not affect the RFS. CONCLUSION The current guideline recommends treatment options according to tumor size. However, more oncologically important prognostic factors include muscularis propria invasion and a higher Ki-67 index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Son
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ja Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Hoon Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jisup Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jo Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sik Byeon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Il Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Beom Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sik Yu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cho E, Park IJ, Yeom SS, Hong SM, Lee JB, Kim YW, Kim MJ, Lim HM, Lim SB, Yu CS, Kim JC. A Multigene Model for Predicting Tumor Responsiveness After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019; 105:834-842. [PMID: 31419511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) is regarded as a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer, there is no reliable biomarker for predicting responsiveness to PCRT. We aimed to develop a biomarker model for predicting response to PCRT. METHODS AND MATERIALS We included 184 patients who received PCRT followed by surgical resection and categorized them as good responders (complete or near-complete regression) or poor responders (all other patients). Candidate gene mRNAs were isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor specimens and analyzed using the NanoString nCounter gene expression assay. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to select genes in discovery and training phases. A quantitative radio-responsiveness prediction model was developed and validated using internal cross-validation groups, and the model's predictive value was assessed based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS By comparing the gene expressions between good and poor responders, we created a multigene mRNA model using FZD9, HRAS, ITGA7, MECOM, MMP3, NKD1, PIK3CD, and PRKCB. This panel showed good ability to predict treatment response (AUC: 0.846 for the whole data set). Internal cross-validation was performed to evaluate the model's predictive stability among 3 cohorts, which provided AUC values of 0.808-0.909. The satisfactory diagnostic performance of the radio-response prediction index persisted regardless of other clinicopathologic features such as clinical T or N stage, interval between radiation and surgery, and pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen levels (P = .001, 95% CI, 0.686-0.905). CONCLUSIONS We developed a multigene mRNA-based biomarker model that allows prediction of rectal cancer response to PCRT, which may help identify patients who will benefit most from PCRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunhae Cho
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ja Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Seop Yeom
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Wook Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Ju Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Min Lim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sik Yu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee HG, Kim SJ, Park IJ, Hong SM, Lim SB, Lee JB, Yu CS, Kim JC. Effect of Responsiveness of Lymph Nodes to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Rectal Cancer on Prognosis After Radical Resection. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2019; 18:e191-e199. [PMID: 31014994 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of lymph node (LN) response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) has not been well evaluated for prognosis and additional use of adjuvant treatment after PCRT in rectal cancer patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic effect of LN regression grade (LRG) in rectal cancer after PCRT and radical resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 2008 to 2011, 389 patients with rectal cancer treated with PCRT followed by radical resection were identified. The pathologic LRG (pLRG) score was determined on the basis of the proportion of tumor cells and fibrosis. The sum of the pLRG of each evaluated LN was used as the final LRG score, LRG-sum. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of LRG-sum and recurrence-free survival (RFS). RESULTS The distribution of LRG-sum was significantly associated with tumor regression grade of the primary tumor (P < .001). LRG-sum showed different values even in patients with the same number of metastatic LNs. LRG-sum was confirmed as the most relevant associated factor among LN-related variables with RFS along with ypT stage in multivariate analysis. Patients were categorized according to the cutoff points of LRG-sum distribution: LRG1 (LRG-sum 0 to ≤3), LRG2 (LRG-sum 3 to ≤21), and LRG3 (LRG-sum >21). RFS showed a significant difference according to LRG group (P < .001) and showed more effective difference in RFS in the same ypN stage subgroup on the basis of the number of metastatic LNs. CONCLUSION LRG was a prognostic factor of oncologic outcomes of rectal cancer. LN response to PCRT might help in prognostication and determination of treatments after PCRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Gu Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ja Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Sik Yu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jeong SA, Park IJ, Hong SM, Bong JW, Choi HY, Seo JH, Kim HE, Lim SB, Yu CS, Kim JC. Does total regression of primary rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy represent "no tumor" status? Ann Surg Treat Res 2019; 96:78-85. [PMID: 30746355 PMCID: PMC6358592 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2019.96.2.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Insistence that total regression of primary tumor would not represent long-term oncologic outcomes has been raised. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of these patients after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) and radical surgery and to evaluate the associated risk factors. Methods We included 189 patients with rectal cancer who showed total regression of the primary tumor after PCRT, followed by radical resection, between 2001 and 2012. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the results were compared with 77 patients with Tis rectal cancer who received only radical resection. Factors associated with RFS were evaluated using Cox regression analysis. Results Sphincter-saving resection was performed for 146 patients (77.2%). Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 168 patients (88.9%). During the follow-up period, recurrence occurred in 17 patients (9%). The 5-year RFS was 91.3%, which was significantly lower than that of patients with Tis rectal cancer without PCRT (P = 0.005). In univariate analysis, preoperative CEA and histologic differentiation were associated with RFS. However, no factors were found to be associated with RFS. Conclusion RFS was lower in patients with total regression of primary rectal cancer after PCRT than in those with Tis rectal cancer without PCRT, and it would not be considered as the same entity with early rectal cancer or "disappeared tumor" status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-A Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ja Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Woo Bong
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Yoon Choi
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Seo
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyong Eun Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Sik Yu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hong SB, Lee SS, Kim JH, Kim HJ, Byun JH, Hong SM, Song KB, Kim SC. Pancreatic Cancer CT: Prediction of Resectability according to NCCN Criteria. Radiology 2018; 289:710-718. [PMID: 30251929 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018180628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of CT in the determination of pancreatic cancer resectability according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria to predict R0 resection. Materials and Methods Structured reports of pancreatic CT clinically prepared by board-certified abdominal radiologists from January 2014 to March 2017 were retrospectively reviewed to assess resectability (resectable, borderline resectable, or unresectable) according to NCCN criteria (version 1.2017) in 616 patients (369 men, 247 women; mean age, 63 years ± 10 [standard deviation]) with pancreatic cancer. Negative resection margin (R0) rates were assessed based on CT resectability status in patients who underwent upfront surgery. R0 resection-associated factors were identified by using logistic regression analysis. Results In 371 patients who underwent surgery, R0 resection rates were 73% (171 of 235), 55% (57 of 104), and 16% (five of 32) for resectable, borderline resectable, and unresectable disease, respectively (P < .001). At multivariable analysis, tumor diameter larger than 4 cm (P < .001) and abutment to the portomesenteric vein (P < .001) were significantly associated with margin-positive resection in patients with resectable disease at CT. R0 resection rates were 80% (123 of 154) for resectable disease without portomesenteric vein abutment, 59% (48 of 81) for resectable disease with portomesenteric vein abutment, 83% (57 of 69) for resectable disease 2 cm or smaller, and 29% (five of 17) for tumors larger than 4 cm. Conclusion CT resectability is used to stratify patients with pancreatic cancer according to the possibility of R0 resection. Larger tumor size and tumor abutment to the portomesenteric vein are associated with margin-positive resection in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer. © RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Fowler in this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Baek Hong
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (S.B.H., S.S.L., J.H.K., H.J.K., J.H.B.), Pathology (S.M.H.), and Surgery (K.B.S., S.C.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Seung Soo Lee
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (S.B.H., S.S.L., J.H.K., H.J.K., J.H.B.), Pathology (S.M.H.), and Surgery (K.B.S., S.C.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (S.B.H., S.S.L., J.H.K., H.J.K., J.H.B.), Pathology (S.M.H.), and Surgery (K.B.S., S.C.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Hyoung Jung Kim
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (S.B.H., S.S.L., J.H.K., H.J.K., J.H.B.), Pathology (S.M.H.), and Surgery (K.B.S., S.C.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Byun
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (S.B.H., S.S.L., J.H.K., H.J.K., J.H.B.), Pathology (S.M.H.), and Surgery (K.B.S., S.C.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (S.B.H., S.S.L., J.H.K., H.J.K., J.H.B.), Pathology (S.M.H.), and Surgery (K.B.S., S.C.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Ki-Byung Song
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (S.B.H., S.S.L., J.H.K., H.J.K., J.H.B.), Pathology (S.M.H.), and Surgery (K.B.S., S.C.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- From the Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (S.B.H., S.S.L., J.H.K., H.J.K., J.H.B.), Pathology (S.M.H.), and Surgery (K.B.S., S.C.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Choi JP, Kim SJ, Park IJ, Hong SM, Lee JL, Yoon YS, Kim CW, Lim SB, Lee JB, Yu CS, Kim JC. Is the pathological regression level of metastatic lymph nodes associated with oncologic outcomes following preoperative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer? Oncotarget 2018; 8:10375-10384. [PMID: 28060748 PMCID: PMC5354665 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The oncologic impact of the lymph node (LN) regression level after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) has not been thoroughly evaluated. Hence, this study aimed to examine whether the regression level of metastatic LNs following PCRT is associated with oncologic outcomes in rectal cancer. Results The optimal number of cut points for LRG sum was determined to be three. The three LRG groups demonstrated different distributions according to the ypT and ypN stages (p < 0.001 for both). However, the distribution of the LRG groups was not associated with the TRG of the primary tumor (p = 0.527). The RFS significantly differed according to the LRG groups (p = 0.001). Moreover, the differences in RFS remained when the LRG groups were analyzed within each separate ypN stage. The LRG group was confirmed as a factor associated with RFS in the multivariate analysis (p=0.018), while the ypN stage was not (p=0.4). Patients and Methods We analyzed the outcomes of 142 rectal cancer patients diagnosed with ypN1 disease after PCRT followed by radical resection. The pathological responses of the primary tumor and LNs to PCRT were evaluated using the tumor regression grade (TRG) and LN regression grade (LRG), respectively. The impact of LRG on recurrence-free survival (RFS) was analyzed. The K-adaptive partitioning for survival data method was applied to determine the optimal number of cut points for the LRG-sum and the optimal number of subgroups. Conclusion The LRG as an indicator of response to PCRT should be considered as a prognostic determinant in rectal cancer patients. Future large-scale prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Pil Choi
- Department of Surgery, Dong Kang Medical Center, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Departments of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ja Park
- Departments of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Departments of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Lyul Lee
- Departments of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Sik Yoon
- Departments of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Wook Kim
- Departments of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Departments of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Sik Yu
- Departments of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- Departments of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee Y, Lee SS, Cheong H, Lee CK, Kim N, Son WC, Hong SM. Intravoxel incoherent motion MRI for monitoring the therapeutic response of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib treatment in mouse xenograft tumor models. Acta Radiol 2017; 58:1045-1053. [PMID: 28273738 DOI: 10.1177/0284185116683576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background With the introduction of targeted therapies, there has been a growing need for non-invasive imaging methods which accurately evaluate therapeutic effects and overcome the limitations of tumor size-based therapeutic response assessments. Purpose To assess diagnostic values of intra-voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging in evaluating therapeutic effects of sorafenib on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using mouse xenograft model. Material and Methods Twenty-four mice bearing Huh-7 were divided into a control group and two treatment groups received sorafenib doses of 5 mg/kg (5 mg-Tx) or 30 mg/kg (30 mg-Tx). IVIM imaging was performed using 10 b-values (0-900 s/mm2). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), diffusion coefficient ( D), and perfusion fraction ( f) were measured for whole tumors and tumor periphery. Changes between baseline and post-treatment parameters ( Δ ADC, Δ D, and Δ f) were calculated, and these parameters were compared with microvessel density (MVD) and area of tumor cell death. Results The post-treatment f and Δ f for tumor periphery were significantly higher in control group, followed by 5 mg-Tx and 30 mg-Tx ( P < 0.001). MVD showed significant positive correlation with post-treatment f ( r = 0.584, P = 0.003) and negative correlation with D ( r = -0.495, P = 0.014) for tumor periphery, while no parameter showed significant correlation with area of tumor cell death. Conclusion The f is significantly correlated with MVD of HCC, and could potentially be used to evaluate the anti-angiogenic effects of sorafenib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yedaun Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Current address: Department of Radiology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunhee Cheong
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Kyung Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namkug Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Chan Son
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - S J An
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - J I Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jung DH, Hwang S, Hong SM, Kim KH, Ahn CS, Moon DB, Alshahrani AA, Lee SG. Clinico-pathological correlation of hepatic angiomyolipoma: a series of 23 resection cases. ANZ J Surg 2017; 88:E60-E65. [PMID: 28122404 DOI: 10.1111/ans.13880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiomyolipomas are rare neoplasms of mesenchymal origin and are derived from perivascular epithelioid cells. They usually develop in the kidney and rarely in the liver. Due to their rarity, most hepatic angiomyolipomas have been misinterpreted as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or other hypervascular liver tumours on imaging studies. We aimed to assess the clinico-pathological correlation of hepatic angiomyolipoma. METHODS We identified 23 patients with hepatic angiomyolipoma through an institutional database search. RESULTS Of 5680 cases of primary liver tumours, 23 (0.4%) had angiomyolipomas (mean age, 43.6 ± 12.4 years; 16 female patients). Hepatitis B virus infection was noted in four patients, whereas a liver mass was incidentally detected on routine health screening in 13 patients. The preoperative diagnoses, before liver biopsy, included HCC in 14, angiomyolipoma in six, focal nodular hyperplasia in two and hepatic adenoma in one patient. Eventually, the preoperative diagnoses were changed to HCC in 12 and hepatic angiomyolipoma in 11 patients. The tumour size was 5.3 ± 4.6 cm, and 22 patients had a single tumour. All tumours exhibited positive findings for human melanoma black-45 and smooth muscle actin staining. During a follow-up period of 52.2 ± 23.7 months, none of the patients exhibited tumour recurrence or mortality. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic angiomyolipoma is a rare form of primary liver tumour and is often misdiagnosed as other hypervascular tumours. Although angiomyolipoma is benign in nature, it also has malignant potential; hence, resection is indicated if the tumour grows or malignancy cannot be excluded. Surgical resection is a definitive curative treatment of hepatic angiomyolipoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hwan Jung
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Hun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Soo Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deok Bog Moon
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Abdulwahab A Alshahrani
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Gyu Lee
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jung J, Lee CH, Seol HS, Choi YS, Kim E, Lee EJ, Rhee JK, Singh SR, Jun ES, Han B, Hong SM, Kim SC, Chang S. Generation and molecular characterization of pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenografts reveals their heterologous nature. Oncotarget 2016; 7:62533-62546. [PMID: 27613834 PMCID: PMC5308744 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most challenging type of cancer to treat, with a 5-year survival rate of <10%. Furthermore, because of the large portion of the inoperable cases, it is difficult to obtain specimens to study the biology of the tumors. Therefore, a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model is an attractive option for preserving and expanding these tumors for translational research. Here we report the generation and characterization of 20 PDX models of PDAC. The success rate of the initial graft was 74% and most tumors were re-transplantable. Histological analysis of the PDXs and primary tumors revealed a conserved expression pattern of p53 and SMAD4; an exome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and Comprehensive Cancer Panel showed that PDXs retained over 94% of cancer-associated variants. In addition, Polyphen2 and the Sorting Intolerant from Tolerant (SIFT) prediction identified 623 variants among the functional SNPs, highlighting the heterologous nature of pancreatic PDXs; an analysis of 409 tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes in Comprehensive Cancer Panel revealed heterologous cancer gene mutation profiles for each PDX-primary tumor pair. Altogether, we expect these PDX models are a promising platform for screening novel therapeutic agents and diagnostic markers for the detection and eradication of PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cue Hyunkyu Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyang Sook Seol
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Sook Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunji Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Keun Rhee
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shree Ram Singh
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Eun Sung Jun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Buhm Han
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Choi JP, Park IJ, Lee BC, Hong SM, Lee JL, Yoon YS, Kim CW, Lim SB, Lee JB, Yu CS, Kim JC. Variability in the lymph node retrieval after resection of colon cancer: Influence of operative period and process. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4199. [PMID: 27495024 PMCID: PMC4979778 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate variations in the number of retrieved lymph nodes (LNs) over time and to determine the factors that influence the retrieval of <12 LNs during colon cancer resection.Patients with colon cancer who were surgically treated between 1997 and 2013 were identified from our institutional tumor registry. Patient, tumor, and pathologic variables were evaluated. Factors that influenced the retrieval of <12 LNs were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression modeling, including time effects.In total, 6967 patients were identified. The median patient age was 61 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 45-79 years) and 58.4% of these patients were male. The median number of LNs retrieved was 21 (IQR = 14-29), which increased from 14 (IQR = 11-27) in 1997 to 26 (IQR = 19-34) in 2013. The proportion of patients with ≥12 retrieved LNs increased from 72% in 1997 to 98.8% in 2013 (P < 0.00001). This corresponded to the more recent emphasis on a multidisciplinary approach to adequate LN evaluation. The number of retrieved LNs was also found to be associated with age, sex, tumor location, T stage, and operative year. Tumor location and T stage influenced the number of retrieved LNs, irrespective of the operative year (P < 0.05). Factors including a tumor location in the sigmoid/left colon, old age, open resection, earlier operative year, and early T stage were more likely to be associated with <12 recovered LNs (P < 0.5; chi-squared test) (P < 0.001).The total number of retrieved LNs may be influenced by tumor location and T stage of a colon cancer, irrespective of the year of surgery. LN retrieval after colon cancer resection has increased in recent years due to a better awareness of its importance and the use of multidisciplinary approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Pil Choi
- Department of Surgery, Dong Kang Medical Center, Ulsan
| | - In Ja Park
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
- Correspondence: In Ja Park, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea (e-mail: )
| | - Byung Cheol Lee
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| | - Jong Lyul Lee
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| | - Yong Sik Yoon
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| | - Chan Wook Kim
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Sik Yu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee SH, Kim JY, An S, Song KB, Hwang DW, Kim SC, Yu E, Hong SM. Carbonic anhydrase 9 expression in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors is associated with aggressive behavior. Pathology 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2015.12.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
16
|
Kim JY, Park IJ, Hong SM, Lee JL, Yoon YS, Kim CW, Lim SB, Lee JB, Yu CS, Kim JC. Is Pathologic Near-Total Regression an Appropriate Indicator of a Good Response to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy Based on Oncologic Outcome of Disease? Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2257. [PMID: 26683945 PMCID: PMC5058917 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the oncologic outcomes of patients with rectal cancer who demonstrated pathologic near-total regression (NTR) after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) and compared with total regression (TR). Pathologic NTR in rectal cancer by tumor regression grade (TRG) is usually considered to indicate a good response, when evaluating tumor response to PCRT. We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes in 263 patients who received PCRT for advanced T3/4 or N+ rectal cancer followed by radical resection. Patients were diagnosed with TR (n = 132) or NTR (n = 131) according to the TRG. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was evaluated and compared between groups. For evaluating the consistency between the result and previously published data, meta-analysis for summing up survival curve was performed using generalized linear mixed model. ypT status was heterogeneous in the NTR group as follows; 3 Tis (2.3%), 21 T1 (16%), 72 T2 (55%), and 35 T3 (26.7%). Metastatic lymph nodes were more frequently found in the NTR group (6.8% in TR vs 24.4% in NTR patients; P = 0.003). The cumulative recurrence rate was higher in the NTR group (19.8% vs 6.1%; P = 0.003). The 5-year RFS was lower in the NTR group (94% vs 77.8%; P = 0.001). Significant differences in the RFS rate were found in comparison with the published literature. Based on differences in the oncologic outcomes between the TR and NTR groups, it might not be suitable to use NTR as an indicator of good response to PCRT together with TR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jee Yeon Kim
- From the Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery (JYK, IJP, JLL, YSY, CWK, S-BL, CSY, JCK), Department of Pathology (SMH), and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (JBL)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kang BK, Lee SS, Cheong H, Hong SM, Jang K, Lee MG. Shear Wave Elastography for Assessment of Steatohepatitis and Hepatic Fibrosis in Rat Models of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Ultrasound Med Biol 2015; 41:3205-3215. [PMID: 26349582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate shear wave elastography (SWE) as a method for determining the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the stage of hepatic fibrosis, as well as the major determinants of liver elasticity among the various histologic and biomolecular changes associated with NAFLD. Rat NAFLD models with various degrees of NAFLD severity were created and imaged using SWE. The explanted livers were subjected to histopathologic evaluation and RNA expression analysis. Among the histologic and biomolecular findings, the fibrosis stage and the collagen RNA level were significant independent factors associated with liver elasticity (p < 0.001). Liver elasticity was effective in detecting non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and in determining fibrosis stage, and the corresponding areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.963 and 0.927-0.997, respectively. In conclusion, SWE is a potential non-invasive method for the detection of NASH and staging of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyeong Kang
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Radiology, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Soo Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hyunhee Cheong
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kiseok Jang
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon-Gyu Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hong SM, Park CW, Kim SW, Nam YJ, Yu JH, Shin JH, Yun CH, Im SH, Kim KT, Sung YC, Choi KY. NAMPT suppresses glucose deprivation-induced oxidative stress by increasing NADPH levels in breast cancer. Oncogene 2015; 35:3544-54. [PMID: 26568303 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in NAD+ biosynthesis. Although NAMPT has emerged as a critical regulator of metabolic stress, the underlying mechanisms by which it regulates metabolic stress in cancer cells have not been completely elucidated. In this study, we determined that breast cancer cells expressing a high level of NAMPT were resistant to cell death induced by glucose depletion. Furthermore, NAMPT inhibition suppressed tumor growth in vivo in a xenograft model. Under glucose deprivation conditions, NAMPT inhibition was found to increase the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, leading to cell death. This cell death was rescued by treatment with antioxidants or NAD+. Finally, we showed that NAMPT increased the pool of NAD+ that could be converted to NADPH through the pentose phosphate pathway and inhibited the depletion of reduced glutathione under glucose deprivation. Collectively, our results suggest a novel mechanism by which tumor cells protect themselves against glucose deprivation-induced oxidative stress by utilizing NAMPT to maintain NADPH levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - C W Park
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.,Biokogen Inc. POSTECH Biotech Center #226, Pohang, Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Y J Nam
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - J H Yu
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - J H Shin
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - C H Yun
- Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea
| | - S-H Im
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.,Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea
| | - K-T Kim
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Y C Sung
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - K Y Choi
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Veluvolu KC, Tatinati S, Hong SM, Ang WT. Multi-step prediction of physiological tremor for robotics applications. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2013:5075-8. [PMID: 24110876 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6610689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The performance of surgical robotic devices in real-time mainly depends on phase-delay in sensors and filtering process. A phase delay of 16-20 ms is unavoidable in these robotics procedures due to the presence of hardware low pass filter in sensors and pre-filtering required in later stages of cancellation. To overcome this phase delay, we employ multi-step prediction with band limited multiple Fourier linear combiner (BMFLC) and Autoregressive (AR) methods. Results show that the overall accuracy is improved by 60% for tremor estimation compared to single-step prediction methods in the presence of phase delay. Experimental results with the proposed methods for 1-DOF tremor estimation highlight the improvement.
Collapse
|
20
|
Yan L, Hong SM, Kim IH. Effect of bacteriophage supplementation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, and fecal microbial shedding in growing pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:1451-6. [PMID: 25049502 PMCID: PMC4093013 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A total of 144 ((Duroc×Yorkshire)×Landrace)) pigs with an average initial BW of 28.85±0.63 kg were used in this 6-wk growth trial. Pigs were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatments in a completely random block design. Each dietary treatment consisted of 9 replicate pens, with 4 pigs per replicate. Dietary treatments included: i) NC (basal diet), ii) PC (NC+apramycin 0.5 g/kg), iii) BPT1 (NC+bacteriophage 0.25 g/kg) and iv) BPT2 (NC+bacteriophage 0.5 g/kg). The inclusion of antibiotics and bacteriophages did not affect the (p>0.05) ADG, ADFI and G:F compared with the basal diet. Dietary antibiotics and bacteriophages supplementation led to a higher (p<0.05) DM digestibility than the NC treatment. Pigs fed the bacteriophage supplemented diet increased (p<0.05) the N digestibility compared with those fed NC treatment. Supplementation of antibiotics led to a higher (p<0.05) energy digestibility than the NC treatment. No difference (p>0.05) was observed in the RBC, WBC, lymphocyte concentration and fecal moisture among treatments. Pigs fed PC and BPT2 treatments reduced (p<0.05) the E. coli concentration compared with those fed NC treatment. The inclusion of BPT2 treatment led to a higher (p<0.05) lactobacillus concentration compared with NC and PC treatment. Dietary antibiotic and bacteriophage supplementation reduced (p<0.05) the Salmonella concentration compared with NC treatment. In conclusion, our study suggested that bacteriophage at the level of 0.5 g/kg could be used as an antibiotics alternative for growing pigs.
Collapse
|
21
|
Hong SM, Hwang JH, Kim IH. Effect of Medium-chain Triglyceride (MCT) on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Characteristics in Weanling Pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:1003-8. [PMID: 25049656 PMCID: PMC4092986 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and twenty weanling pigs in experiment 1 (Exp. 1) (6.91±0.99 kg; 21 d of age) and Exp. 2 (10.20±1.09 kg; 28 d of age) were used in two 42-d and 35-d experiments to evaluate the effect of medium-chain-triglyceride (MCT) on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and blood profile. In both of Exp. 1 and Exp. 2, the same dietary treatments were utilized as follows : i) negative control (NC), ii) positive control (PC), NC+antibiotics (40 mg/kg Tiamulin, 110 mg/kg Tylosin, and 10 mg/kg Enramycin, iii) MCT3, NC+0.32% (phase 1, 2 and 3) MCT, and iv) MCT5, NC+0.55% (phase 1), 0.32% (phase 2 and 3) MCT. In Exp. 1, the pigs fed MCT5 diets had higher (p<0.05) ADG compared to NC treatment during the first 2 wk. From d 15 to 28, the ATTD of energy was improved (p<0.05) by MCT3 compared to the PC treatment. No effect has been observed on the blood profiles [red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), immunoglobulin-G (IgG), lymphocyte concentration] measured in this study. In Exp. 2, the ADG were increased (p<0.05) by the MCT5 treatment than the PC treatment from d 0 to 14. Pigs fed PC treatment diet had lower ADFI (p<0.05) and better FCR (p<0.05) than NC treatment, whereas no differences were shown between MCT treatments and NC or PC treatment from d 15 to 35 and overall phase. The ATTD of DM and nitrogen were improved (p<0.05) by the effect of MCT5 related to the NC and PC treatment at the end of 2nd and 5th wk. The pigs fed MCT3 had higher (p<0.05) energy digestibility than PC treatment. No effects were seen in the blood profiles we measured (WBC, RBC, lymphocyte and immunoglobulin-G). In conclusion, the addition of MCT in the weanling pigs diet can improve the ADG and digestibility during the earlier period (first 2 wks), but had little effect on the blood characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Woosung Feed Cormpany, Ltd. Daejeon, Korea
| | - J H Hwang
- Woosung Feed Cormpany, Ltd. Daejeon, Korea
| | - I H Kim
- Woosung Feed Cormpany, Ltd. Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hong SM, Hwang JH, Kim IH. Evaluation of the effect of low dietary fermentable carbohydrate content on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, and meat quality in finishing pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:1294-9. [PMID: 25049693 PMCID: PMC4092942 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A total of 96 pigs (49.23±3.20 kg) were used in an 11 wk growth trial to evaluate the effect of fermentable carbohydrate (FC) content on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrient, blood profile, and meat quality. The dietary treatments were: i) negative control (NC), basal diet, ii) positive control (PC), NC+antibiotics (positive control diet with 5 ppm flavomycin), iii) PCL, PC-13% lower FC, and iv) NCL, NC-13% lower FC. The growth performance (average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and gain/feed) didn’t differ among treatments through the whole experiment. These pigs fed the PCL diet had the greater (p<0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter than those from PC and NC treatment at the end of the experiment. No differences were observed in white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), and lymphocyte concentration among different treatments. After the feeding period, meat samples were collected from the pigs at slaughter. The pigs in NCL and PCL treatments had greater (p<0.05) backfat thickness and lower lean percentage. The color value of loin was higher (p<0.05) in NCL treatment compared to PCL treatment. Also, the NCL treatment had higher (p<0.05) marbling value than PC treatment. The drip loss was depressed by PCL and NCL treatment comapared to NC treatments. The water holding capacity (WHC) was higher (p<0.05) in NC and PCL treatment. In conclusion, the low FC can improve digestibility and meat quality of finishing pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Woosung Feed Co., Ltd. Daejeon, Korea
| | - J H Hwang
- Woosung Feed Co., Ltd. Daejeon, Korea
| | - I H Kim
- Woosung Feed Co., Ltd. Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang JP, Hong SM, Yan L, Cho JH, Lee HS, Kim IH. The evaluation of soybean meals from 3 major soybean-producing countries on productive performance and feeding value of pig diets. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:2768-73. [PMID: 21512120 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate 1) the effects of soybean meal (SBM) from 3 major SBM-producing countries (United States, Brazil, and India) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs and 2) the feeding value of the evaluated SBM as a feedstuff for growing-finishing pigs. Soybean meal representative of each country was purchased on the open market. A total of 144 barrows with the average BW of 23.77 (SD = 1.52 kg) were allotted to 3 dietary treatments with 12 replicate pens per treatment and 4 pigs per pen. The US SBM used in this trial had greater CP and total AA contents, greater KOH protein solubility, and less crude fiber than SBM from either Brazil or India. Diets were formulated to be isolysinic and isocaloric. Pigs fed diets containing US SBM were heavier (P < 0.05) than pigs fed diets containing Brazilian or Indian SBM at 12 and 18 wk. Pigs fed diets containing US SBM had greater (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F throughout the overall period when compared with pigs fed SBM produced in Brazil or India. The DM and N digestibility were greater for US SBM (P < 0.05) than Brazilian and India SBM at 6, 12, and 18 wk. Pigs were slaughtered at the end of 18 wk, and no differences were observed on meat quality (backfat thickness, LM area, pH, meat color, water holding capacity, and drip loss) among the treatments, except lean percentages were less and backfat thickness was greater in pigs fed Brazilian and Indian SBM than US SBM. The cost per kilogram of BW gain of the experimental diet containing US SBM was less than that of diets containing Brazilian or Indian SBM, but it would depend on the relative prices of each SBM. Based on the results of the current experiment, the productivity and feeding value of US SBM seems to be greater than the SBM produced in Brazil and India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Wang
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam 330-714, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Zinin PV, Ming LC, Sharma SK, Hong SM, Xie Y, Irifune T, Shinmei T. Synthesis of new cubic C3N4and diamond-like BC3phases under high pressure and high temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/121/6/062002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
26
|
Park S, Hong SM, Lee JE, Sung SR, Kim SH. Chlorpromazine attenuates pancreatic beta-cell function and mass through IRS2 degradation, while exercise partially reverses the attenuation. J Psychopharmacol 2008; 22:522-31. [PMID: 18308779 DOI: 10.1177/0269881106081529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect and mechanism of exercise and chlorpromazine (CPZ), a conventional anti-psychotic drug, on beta-cell function and mass in 90% pancreatectomized (Px) male rats. The diabetic Px rats were divided into two groups, one of which was provided with exercise whereas the other was not. Both groups were subdivided into the three groups and administered with 0, 5 or 50 mg CPZ per kg body weight (control, low dosage of chlorpromazine (LCPZ), high dosage chlorpromazine (HCPZ)) for 8 weeks. LCPZ did not modulate glucose homeostasis. HCPZ impaired acute phase and second phase insulin secretion during hyperglycemic clamp. Apoptosis of pancreatic beta-cells increased in the HCPZ group, and proliferation decreased, contributing to reduced beta-cell mass. Exercise partially improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and beta-cell mass in HCPZ-treated rats. Interestingly, insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS2) protein levels in islets decreased by increased degradation in the HCPZ group, whereas exercise partially reversed this trend by induction of IRS2 expression. In isolated islets, 50 microM CPZ decreased IRS2 expression by promoting ubiquitin-proteasome degradation, which had been prevented by proteasome inhibitors. Furthermore, similar to the effect of HCPZ treatment, a high dosage of rottlerin, a protein kinase C-delta inhibitor, reduced IRS2 levels in the islets. In conclusion, exercise partially recovered the diabetic symptoms exacerbated by HCPZ through enhancement of beta-cell function and mass in diabetic rats. This modulation by HCPZ and exercise was associated with increasing intracellular IRS2 protein levels in independent pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University, Asan-Si, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kwon DY, Hong SM, Lee JE, Sung SR, Park S. Long-term consumption of fermented soybean-derived Chungkookjang attenuates hepatic insulin resistance in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats. Horm Metab Res 2007; 39:752-7. [PMID: 17952839 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-990287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Soy protein and isoflavonoids in soybeans exhibit the improvement of insulin resistance. Our previous IN VITRO study showed that Chungkookjang (CKJ), fermented unsalted soybeans, had better antidiabetic actions than cooked unfermented soybeans (CSB) by increasing isoflavones aglycones and small peptides. We investigated whether 40% fat diets with different protein sources such as CSB, CKJ, and casein modulated peripheral insulin resistance in 90% pancreatectomized (Px) diabetic rats. The Px rats weighing 209+/-14 g were freely provided casein, CSB, or CKJ diets for 8 weeks. Both CKJ and CSB increased whole body glucose disposal rates and glucose uptake into skeletal muscles of Px rats as much as rosiglitazone plus casein treated rats during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. In addition, CKJ and CSB decreased hepatic glucose output at hyperinsulinemic clamped states, compared to the Casein group. The reduction of hepatic glucose output was greater in CKJ than CSB. This reduction was associated with enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS2 and serine (473) phosphporylation of Akt, indicating improved hepatic insulin signaling. This improved signaling led to decreased phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression to reduce hepatic glucose output. In conclusion, fermented soybeans mainly with BACILLUS SUBTILIS improved hepatic insulin sensitivity better than unfermented soybeans by enhancing hepatic insulin signaling cascade in diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Y Kwon
- Food Functional Research Division, Korean Food Research Institutes, Chungnam-Do, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
A reduced-order model is derived for electroosmotic flow in a microchannel of nonuniform cross section using the Karhunen-Loève Galerkin (KLG) procedure. The resulting reduced-order model is shown to predict electroosmotic flows accurately with minimal consumption of computer time for a wide range of zeta potential zeta and dielectric constant epsilon. Using the reduced-order model, a practical method is devised to estimate zeta from the velocity measurements of the electroosmotic flow in the microchannel. The proposed method is found to estimate zeta with reasonable accuracy even with noisy velocity measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Shinsoo-Dong, Mapo-Gu, Seoul, 121-742, South Korea.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Park HM, Hong SM. Estimation of the zeta potential and the dielectric constant using velocity measurements in the electroosmotic flows. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 304:505-11. [PMID: 17046778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Revised: 09/08/2006] [Accepted: 09/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we develop a method for the determination of the zeta potential zeta and the dielectric constant epsilon by exploiting velocity measurements of the electroosmotic flow in microchannels. The inverse problem is solved through the minimization of a performance function utilizing the conjugate gradient method. The present method is found to estimate zeta and epsilon with reasonable accuracy even with noisy velocity measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pino-Jelcic SA, Hong SM, Park JK. Enhanced anaerobic biodegradability and inactivation of fecal coliforms and Salmonella spp. in wastewater sludge by using microwaves. Water Environ Res 2006; 78:209-16. [PMID: 16566529 DOI: 10.2175/106143005x90498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
During continuous operation of three mesophilic-anaerobic digesters, the effect of microwave irradiation, as sludge thermal pretreatment (60 to 65 degrees C), was studied. The fecal coliforms log inactivation for microwaved/digested sludge was 4.2 +/- 0.4, whereas for conventionally heated/digested sludge and control were 2.9 +/- 0.5 and 1.5 +/- 0.5, respectively. In the case of Salmonella spp., no colonies were detected in 85% of the microwaved/digested samples. Considering the detection limit, the log inactivation of these samples was greater than 2.0 +/- 0.3. The conventionally heated/digested sludge and control showed log inactivations of 1.9 +/- 0.2 and 1.1 +/- 0.3, respectively. At the 95% confidence level, microwaved/digested sludge increased the biogas production by 16.4 +/- 5.6% and 6.3 +/- 2.4%, as compared to control and conventionally heated/digested sludge, respectively. When thermally treated sludge was analyzed for soluble chemical oxygen demand, microwaved waste-activated sludge showed considerable solubilization between 37 and 60 degrees C. Microwaved/digested sludge showed a reduction of capillary suction times by 11.1 +/- 5.9% and 10.7 +/- 5.6%, as compared to control and conventionally heated/digested sludge, respectively.
Collapse
|
31
|
Kim KH, Kim MY, Hong SM, Youn YH, Hwang SJ. The effects of wind speed on the relative relationships between different sized-fractions of airborne particles. Chemosphere 2005; 59:929-937. [PMID: 15823326 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2004] [Revised: 11/09/2004] [Accepted: 11/17/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of three different size fractions of particulate matter (PM) including PM2.5, PM10, and TSP were determined continuously at hourly intervals from four different sites in Seoul, Korea during the spring of 2001. To learn the effects of wind speed change on PM fractionation, the entire data sets were initially sorted into three particle fractions such as: fine (F: PM2.5), coarse (C: PM10-PM2.5), and giant (G: TSP-PM10). The inter-fraction relationships of PM were then explored by linear regression analysis of the data divided into four wind speed regimes. The results of this analysis, when examined in terms of either relative dominance between different PM fractions (i.e., in terms of their slope values) or strength of correlations, indicate the existence of diverse inter-fraction patterns. Most importantly, the physical influence of wind speed is seen to be reflected most efficiently between fine and coarse particle fractions, as the relative contribution of coarse fraction to the mass concentration of total particles (e.g., PM10) changes proportionally with changes in wind speed. However, such systematic patterns decrease noticeably between fine and giant fractions, as they can be affected more sensitively by such factors as the nature of their sources or the surrounding environmental conditions. The results of our comparative analysis thus confirm that wind speed is a useful barometer to distinguish and predict the behavior of different particle fractions in relation to each other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Sejong University, 98 Goon Ja Dong, Gwang Jin Goo, Seoul 143-747, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Fluorescent lamps rely on mercury as the source of ultraviolet radiation for the production of visible light. Partitioning of mercury among vapor phase, loose phosphor powders produced during breaking and washing steps, glass matrices, phosphor powders attached on the glass and aluminum end caps was examined from simulated laboratory lamp recycling tests for different types of spent and new fluorescent lamps. Mercury concentrations in lamp glasses taken from commercial lamp recyclers were also analyzed for comparison with the simulated results of spent and new lamps of different types. The mercury content of the glass from spent lamps was highly variable depending on the lamp type and manufacturer; the median values of the mercury concentration in glasses for spent 26- (T8) and 38-mm (T12) diameter fluorescent lamps were approximately 30 and 45 microg/g, respectively. The average mercury concentration of samples taken from recycler A was 29.6 microg/g, which was about 64% of median value measured from the spent T12 lamps. Over 94% of total mercury in lamps remained either as a component of phosphor powders attached inside the lamp or in glass matrices. New T12 lamps had a higher partitioning percentage of elemental mercury in the vapor phase (0.17%) than spent T12 lamps (0.04%), while spent lamps had higher partitioning percentages of mercury resided on end-caps and phosphor powders detached from the breaking and washing steps. The TCLP values of simulated all lamp-glasses and samples obtained from recyclers were higher than the limit of LDR standard (0.025 mg/L). After investigating acid treatment and high temperature treatment as mercury reclamation techniques, it was found that heating provided the most effective mercury capture. Although the initial mercury concentrations of individual sample were different, the mercury concentrations after 1 h exposure at 100 degrees C were below 4 mug/g for all samples (i.e., <1% remaining). Therefore, it is recommended that heating be used for recovering mercury from spent fluorescent lamps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 3230 Engineering Hall, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Min K, Hong SM, Kim KR, Ro JY, Park MJ, Kim JS, Kim JM, Jung HC, Yu E. Intramucosal Helicobacter pylori in the human and murine stomach: its relationship to the inflammatory reaction in human Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Pathol Res Pract 2003; 199:1-8. [PMID: 12650511 DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intramucosal Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been described in biopsy tissues and culture systems. However, the association of intramucosal H. pylori with histopathologic features has not been evaluated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between intramucosal H. pylori and inflammatory reactions in H. pylori infection. In 113 randomly selected human gastric biopsies and 20 murine stomachs, which were inoculated with SSI every day for a week, immunohistochemical analysis for intramucosal H. pylori was done and correlated with histologic parameters. Electron microscopic examination was done on murine stomachs. H. pylori infection was present in 104 gastric biopsies and 17 murine stomachs. Intraepithelial immunopositivity for H. pylori was detected in 27 of 104 (26%) biopsies and in 11 of 17 (65%) murine stomachs. Lamina proprial immunopositivity for H. pylori was present in 51 of 104 (48%) biopsies. Neutrophil-associated immunopositivity for H. pylori was observed in 22 of 90 (24%) biopsies with H. pylori chronic active gastritis. Lamina proprial and neutrophil-associated immunopositivity for H. pylori correlated significantly with the density of H. pylori and the grade of acute inflammatory reaction in H. pylori gastritis. Intramucosal location of H. pylori itself or its antigen is closely associated with acute inflammatory reactions and may play an important role in establishing a persistent infection in chronic H. pylori gastritis. Furthermore, lamina proprial and/or neutrophil-associated H. pylori appears to be more important than intraepithelial H. pylori in acute inflammatory reactions of H. pylori gastritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwangseon Min
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Snyder KM, Stock RG, Hong SM, Lo YC, Stone NN. Defining the risk of developing grade 2 proctitis following 125I prostate brachytherapy using a rectal dose-volume histogram analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 50:335-41. [PMID: 11380219 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(01)01442-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the rectal tolerance for developing Grade 2 radiation proctitis after 125I prostate implantation based on the rectal dose-volume histogram. METHODS AND MATERIALS Two hundred twelve patients with T1-T2 prostate cancer underwent 125I implantation without external beam irradiation. One month after the procedure, all patients underwent CT-based postimplant dosimetry (3-mm abutting slices). The rectal volumes, defined by an inner and outer wall, were determined from 9 mm above the seminal vesicles to 9 mm below the prostate apex. All doses were calculated by TG43 formalism. The prostate prescription dose was 160 Gy. A dose response analysis was undertaken for volumes of rectal tissue receiving a given dose. Dose levels examined were 80 Gy, 100 Gy, 120 Gy, 140 Gy, 160 Gy, 180 Gy, 200 Gy, 220 Gy, and 240 Gy. Grade 2 proctitis was defined as rectal bleeding occurring at least once a week for a minimum period of one month. The risk of proctitis was calculated using actuarial methods. For each dose level, a critical volume cutpoint was chosen to define a low and high volume group of patients. The cutpoint was determined based on two goals: minimizing thep value and finding a < or =5% risk of proctitis in the low volume group. Patients were followed from 12 to 61 months (median: 28 months) after implantation. RESULTS Twenty-two patients developed Grade 2 proctitis: 14% within the first year, 72% between the first and second year, and 14% during the third year after the implant date. After the third year postimplantation, no cases of proctitis were reported. Proctitis was found to be significantly volume dependent for a given dose. The prescription dose (160 Gy) delivered to < or =1.3 cc of rectal tissue resulted in a 5% rate of proctitis at 5 years vs. 18% for volumes >1.3 cc (p = 0.001). Similar results were found for all doses examined. As the rectal volume receiving the prescription dose (160 Gy) increased, so did the proctitis rate: 0% for < or =0.8 cc, 7% for >0.8-1.3 cc, 8% for >1.3-1.8 cc, 24% for >1.8-2.3 cc, and 25.5% for >2.3cc (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Rectal dose-volume histogram analysis is a practical and predictive method of assessing the risk of developing Grade 2 proctitis after 125I prostate implantation. Delivered dose should be kept below defined rectal volume thresholds to minimize this risk. This information can allow one to decrease rectal morbidity by modifying prostate implant technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Snyder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kang JL, Pack IS, Hong SM, Lee HS, Hah JS, Nam W, Leonard S, Castranova V. Zinc tetrakis(N-methyl-4'-pyridyl) porphyrinato is an effective inhibitor of stimulant-induced activation of RAW 264.7 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2001; 172:140-9. [PMID: 11298500 DOI: 10.1006/taap.2001.9144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
One proposed mechanism for the development of silica-induced fibrosis is prolonged pulmonary inflammation and lung damage resulting from the secretion of reactive mediators from alveolar macrophages. Metalloporphyrins have antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities. However, the molecular basis for the antiinflammatory action of zinc tetrakis(N-methyl-4'-pyridyl) porphyrinato (ZnTMPyP) has not been elucidated. The objective of this study was to determine whether ZnTMPyP exhibited the ability to inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activation of NF-kappaB, or the secretion of IL-1 in RAW 264.7 cells, and whether such inhibitory activity was related to the ROS-scavenging ability of ZnTMPyP. The results indicate that, although ZnTMPyP is not cytotoxic to RAW 264.7 cells, it is a potent inhibitor in ROS production by RAW 264.7 cells in response to various stimulants, such as silica, zymosan, or phorbol myristate acetate. ZnTMPyP is also effective in reducing stimulant-induced DNA-binding activity of NF-kappaB and silica-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of IkappaB-alpha. ZnTMPyP also inhibits LPS-induced IL-1 production. However, ZnTMPyP exhibits relatively weak ability to directly scavenge hyroxyl or superoxide radicals. On the basis of effective concentrations of ZnTMPyP, these results suggest that ZnTMPyP directly acts as an inhibitor of cellular activation in addition to exhibiting an antioxidant effect. Therefore, it is suggested that further studies concerning the effects of ZnTMPyP using in vivo oxidative stress models or its effects on the cytotoxic process of human diseases associated with lung inflammation and injury are warranted. In addition, ZnTMPyP may be a useful tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in stimulant-induced signal pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Kang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Woman's University Medical Research Center, 911-1 Mok-6-dong, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul, 158-056, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kang JL, Pack IS, Hong SM, Lee HS, Castranova V. Silica induces nuclear factor-kappa B activation through tyrosine phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha in RAW264.7 macrophages. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2000; 169:59-65. [PMID: 11076697 DOI: 10.1006/taap.2000.9039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It was previously reported that protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) but not protein kinase C or A plays an important role in silica-induced activation of NF-kappa B in macrophages. The question is raised whether PTK stimulation and NF-kappa B activation in silica-stimulated macrophages are directly connected through tyrosine phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha. Results indicate that stimulation of macrophages with silica led to NF-kappaB activation through tyrosine phosphorylation without serine phosphorylation. Specific inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinase, such as genistein and tyrophostin AG126, prevented tyrosine phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha in response to silica. I kappa B-alpha protein levels remained relatively unchanged for up to 60 min after silica stimulation. Moreover, inhibition of proteasome proteolytic activity did not affect NF-kappa B activation by silica. Antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), blocked tyrosine phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha induced by silica, suggesting reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be important regulatory molecules in NF-kappa B activation through tyrosine phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha. The results suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha represents a proteasome proteolytic activity-independent mechanism for NF-kappa B activation that directly couples NF-kappa B to cellular tyrosine kinase in silica-stimulated macrophages. This proposed mechanism of NF-kappa B activation induced by silica could be used as a target for development of antiinflammatory and antifibrosis drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Kang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, #158-056, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
The distribution of smooth muscle fibers in the extrahepatic bile duct (EBD) wall is not well characterized. We analyzed 101 consecutive Whipple's operation specimens and 21 autopsy specimens for the pattern of smooth muscle distribution in EBD using the Masson-trichrome stain and the desmin immunohistochemical stain. The patterns were categorized as continuous, interrupted, scattered, and no muscle layer. EBDs were divided into lower, middle, and upper portions, and the distribution pattern of smooth muscle fibers was analyzed separately in each portion. Because most surgically resected specimens contained the middle and lower EBDs with only a portion of the upper EBD, only the length of the middle and lower EBDs (common bile duct, CBD) was measured. The mean length of CBD in surgically resected specimens was 6.4 +/- 1.4 cm (men, 6.6 +/- 1.3 cm; women, 6.1 +/- 1.5 cm). The mean length of CBD in autopsy specimens was 6.8 +/- 1.0 cm. The predominant patterns of the lower third of the EBD were interrupted (49%) and continuous (43%). The predominant patterns of the middle third of the EBD were scattered (63%) and interrupted (23%). Those of the upper third of the EBD were no muscle fiber (58%) and scattered (39%). In conclusion, different patterns of smooth muscle distribution were observed in different portions of the EBD. Because scattered muscle fibers or no muscle fibers were the main features of the upper third of the EBD, understanding of this pattern may be helpful for assessment of the depth of invasion or staging of carcinoma of the upper third of the EBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
We reviewed dinical, histological and ultrastructural findings of 124 cases of sural nerve biopsy specimens to delineate the trends of peripheral nerve diseases in our institute. Eighty-one were men and 43 were women. We categorized them into five groups: specific diagnosis (66 cases, 53.2%), axonal degeneration type (47 cases, 37.9%), demyelinating type (4 cases, 3.2%), mixed axonal degeneration-demyelinating type (6 cases, 4.8%) and normal (1 case, 0.9%). Cases with specific diagnosis included 21 inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (15 chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, 6 Guillain-Barre disease), 13 hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (7 Charcot-Marie-Tooth type I, 6 Charcot-Marie-Tooth type II), 10 vasculitis, 6 toxic neuropathy, 4 leprosy, 3 diabetic neuropathy, 2 alcoholic neuropathy, 1 Fabry's disease and other specific diseases (5 cases). In our cases, the proportion of specific diagnoses was higher, while the proportion of demyelinating peripheral neuropathies and normal were lower than those of Western series. The results of this study indicate that 1) a dose clinicopathologic correlation is important to make a precise diagnosis of peripheral nerve biopsy, 2) Biopsy under strict indication may reduce unnecessary histologic examination, 3) There is no difference in disease pattern of peripheral neuropathy between Western people and Koreans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Although light microscopic features of muscle are not pathognomonic in most cases of myasthenia gravis (MG), careful examination of neuromuscular junction by electron microscopy (EM) can reveal important clues for this disease. We report here a case of MG confirmed by EM study to emphasize that tissue diagnosis is still the best adjuvant to confirm the diagnosis. An 18-year-old female visited our hospital complaining of progressive muscle weakness for 3 years. She had difficulty in running, going upstairs and doing routine activities. Symptoms were aggravated with continuous work and resolved after rest. She had weakness of bilateral masseter and facial muscles and proximal portions of extremities without definite diurnal variation. Electromyography showed myopathic changes in proximal muscles of extremities. MG was considered but tensilon test was equivocal. Repetitive nerve stimulation tests revealed 20-30 percent decrease in responses to low and high rate stimulation. Muscle biopsy revealed selective type 2 atrophy. Ultrastructurally, abnormalities of neuromuscular junctions, i.e., wide primary synaptic cleft, and wide and shallow secondary synaptic clefts with mild myopathic features were present. These findings were pathognomonic for MG. Later, her symptoms were improved completely 3 months after thymectomy. The histologic finding of thymus was follicular hyperplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Keratosis lichenoides chronica (KCL) is a rare dermatosis characterized by a distinctive seborrheic dermatitis-like facial eruption, together with violaceous, papular, and nodular lesions on the extremities and trunk, typically arranged in a linear and reticulate pattern. KLC is resistant to therapy, although spontaneous remission has been reported. We describe a 35-year-old woman with KLC who had the typical features of widespread violaceous, reticulate, and striae-like eruptions with a prominent keratotic component over a nine-year period and who responded well to treatment with calcipotriol ointment. The immunohistochemical profiles are presented in addition to typical histopathologic features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S E Chang
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Chondroblastoma is a rare benign bone tumor. It commonly affects the epiphysis of long bones during the second and third decades of life. Chondroblastoma of the temporal bone is extremely rare. We reviewed five cases of chondroblastoma arising in the temporal bone. Four cases were female and one was male. The ages ranged from 41 to 60 years (mean, 53.6 years). All cases involved the temporal bone. Three involved the left side and two the right. Chief complaints were long-standing localized pain and hearing difficulty. A sharply demarcated lobulated mass was the main radiological finding. Microscopic findings were those of chondroblastoma of usual locations. Two cases showed aneurysmal bone cyst-like areas. Immunohistochemical studies for CD34, CD99, S-100 protein and cytokeratin were performed. Tumor cells were diffusely positive for S-100 protein in three cases and weakly positive for cytokeratin in one case. CD34 and CD99 were negative in all cases. In summary, chondroblastoma of the temporal bone is rare and occurs in older age group than reported cases of chondroblastoma of the usual location in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Endometriosis of a surgical scar is rare and occurs mainly when a hysterectomy or Cesarean section was performed. We describe a 54-year-old woman with a large suprapubic mass as a definite case of a endomerioid carcinoma developing within the scar endometriosis following Cesarean section. Scar endometriosis, as well as endometriosis at other sites, can turn malignant. Endometrioid carcinoma is the most common histological pattern of malignant tumor arising in endometriosis. But clear cell carcinoma is very unusual. A case of primary clear cell carcinoma in endometriosis of a Cesarean section scar is described. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of endomerioid carcinoma developing within the scar endometriosis in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S W Park
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
MacDonald RG, Schaffer BS, Kang IJ, Hong SM, Kim EJ, Park JH. Growth inhibition and differentiation of the human colon carcinoma cell line, Caco-2, by constitutive expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999; 14:72-8. [PMID: 10029281 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.1999.01803.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The human colon carcinoma cell line, Caco-2, produces insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), the secretion of which correlates with markers of enterocyte differentiation. To investigate whether IGFBP-3 inhibits proliferation or induces differentiation, Caco-2 cells were stably transfected with an IGFBP-3 cDNA expression construct or pcDNA3 vector as a control. Accumulation of IGFBP-3 mRNA and secretion of the protein into conditioned medium 9 days after plating were readily detected in the transfected cells, whereas these parameters were undetectable in pcDNA3-transfected cells. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3-expressing cells grew at a rate similar to the controls for 6 days after plating, but achieved a much lower final density between days 10 and 12. By day 9 of culture, accumulation of sucrase-isomaltase mRNA, a marker of enterocytic differentiation of Caco-2 cells, was evident in the IGFBP-3-expressing cells, but was undetectable in the controls. These results indicate that IGFBP-3 may inhibit proliferation and induce early differentiation of Caco-2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R G MacDonald
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Han ES, Oh HY, Ha KW, Han BS, Hong SM, Han JW, Hong S, Noh SH, Lee HW. Farnesylcysteine methyltransferase activity and Ras protein expression in human stomach tumor tissue. Arch Pharm Res 1998; 21:378-84. [PMID: 9875463 DOI: 10.1007/bf02974630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The processing pathway of G-proteins and Ras family proteins includes the isoprenylation of the cysteine residue, followed by proteolysis of three terminal residues and alpha-carboxyl methyl esterification of the cysteine residue. Farnesylcysteine methyltransferase (FCMT) activity is responsible for the methylation reaction which play a role in the membrane attachment of a variety of cellular proteins. Four kinds of Ras protein (c-Ha-ras, c-N-Ras, c-Ki-Ras, pan-Ras) expression were detected in adenocarcinoma of human tissue by immunohistochemical method, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The level of Ras protein in human stomach tumor tissues was much higher than in normal and peritumoral regions of the same biopsy samples. The FCMT activities of each cellular fractions were high in mitochondrial fraction followed by microsomal fraction, whole homogenate and cytosolic fraction. The inhibitory effect on FCMT activity on stomach tumor tissue was determined after treatment with 0.25 microM of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine inhibited FCMT activity from 11.2% to 30.5%. These results suggested that FCMT might be involved in Ras proteins activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E S Han
- Department of Pharmacy, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
We report a case of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) producing renal cell carcinoma. A 53-year-old man with fever was found to have a left renal mass on computed tomography. No mass was detected in the liver. Serum AFP was 1,460 ng/ml. Radical nephrectomy showed a 10 cm mass in the upper half. A half of the tumor was whitish yellow and firm whereas another half was soft and bright yellow with hemorrhagic and necrotic areas. Histologically, the two areas were different. The lower part consisted of the clear cell renal cell carcinoma and the upper part consisted of granular cells. On immunohistochemistry, the granular tumor cells only were positive for AFP. Serum AFP level dropped abruptly to 383 ng/ml on the 6th postoperative day and gradually returned to normal during the 6 months. Multiple metastatic nodules were found in the lungs, liver and bone in 9th postoperative month and the AFP was less than 1 ng/ml. This suggest metastatic lesions are non-AFP producing clear cell type. It can be concluded that serum AFP elevation was due to synthesis by the renal cell carcinoma in the absence of liver neoplasm. Although AFP producing renal cell carcinoma is a rare entity, serum AFP can be a useful marker for the detection of the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
A total of 203 Korean adolescent students, ages 14 to 18 years, participated in the present study designed to investigate the predictive value of adolescent scores on the Adolescent Family Life Satisfaction Index relative to those of parents and siblings, their length of residency in Australia, and age on alcohol and cigarette use. For boys, age was the only significant predictor of both alcohol and cigarette use. However, for girls three variables were identified as significant predictors of alcohol use. Parent-related Life Satisfaction, age, and length of residency in Australia accounting for 26.11% of the total variance. Two variables, Parent-related Life Satisfaction and length of residency in Australia, were significant predictors of cigarette use for girls, explaining 21.96% of the total variance. Results were discussed in terms of the different relationships between scores on the Adolescent Family Life Satisfaction Index and alcohol and cigarette use for adolescent boys and girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Sydney, Macarthur, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
We administered a self-report questionnaire to 1,749 adult Australians between 17 and 40 years old to examine the predictive values of self-esteem, depression, locus of control, trait anger, religiosity, psychological reactance, and age in relation to life satisfaction. Results of independent regression analyses showed that all but psychological reactance were significant predictors of life satisfaction. In the stepwise analysis, self-esteem, depression, trait anger, locus of control, and religiosity were significant, and together accounted for 26.3% of the total variance of life satisfaction. In both the stepwise and independent analyses, self-esteem and depression affected levels of satisfaction more than any other variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Sydney, Macarthur
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hong SM, Evans M, Hall T, Sheehan P. Making love: Australian adults' rating of its importance as a romantic act in a relationship. Psychol Rep 1994; 75:47-50. [PMID: 7984751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A personal opinion survey was administered to 1207 adults assessing attitudes towards 13 romantic acts with regard to age and gender. The present study focused upon attitudes towards the perceived importance of making love as a romantic act in a relationship. The sample was divided into three age groups, 18 to 25 years, 26 to 35 years, and 36 to 45 years. Analysis showed that 600 men's mean rating on a 5-point scale for importance was higher than the 607 women's rating; however, no significant difference was found among age groups and the interaction of age and gender was nonsignificant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
A self-report, attitudinal questionnaire was administered to 1,717 adult Australians between 18 and 40 years old to examine the effects of age and gender on psychological reactance. Analysis yielded a significant age effect: As age increased, the level of reactance tended to decrease. No significant differences in reactance emerged in relation to gender. A significant interaction between age and gender was found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hong
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Sydney, Macathur, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|