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Ried JS, Jeff M. J, Chu AY, Bragg-Gresham JL, van Dongen J, Huffman JE, Ahluwalia TS, Cadby G, Eklund N, Eriksson J, Esko T, Feitosa MF, Goel A, Gorski M, Hayward C, Heard-Costa NL, Jackson AU, Jokinen E, Kanoni S, Kristiansson K, Kutalik Z, Lahti J, Luan J, Mägi R, Mahajan A, Mangino M, Medina-Gomez C, Monda KL, Nolte IM, Pérusse L, Prokopenko I, Qi L, Rose LM, Salvi E, Smith MT, Snieder H, Stančáková A, Ju Sung Y, Tachmazidou I, Teumer A, Thorleifsson G, van der Harst P, Walker RW, Wang SR, Wild SH, Willems SM, Wong A, Zhang W, Albrecht E, Couto Alves A, Bakker SJL, Barlassina C, Bartz TM, Beilby J, Bellis C, Bergman RN, Bergmann S, Blangero J, Blüher M, Boerwinkle E, Bonnycastle LL, Bornstein SR, Bruinenberg M, Campbell H, Chen YDI, Chiang CWK, Chines PS, Collins FS, Cucca F, Cupples LA, D'Avila F, de Geus EJ.C, Dedoussis G, Dimitriou M, Döring A, Eriksson JG, Farmaki AE, Farrall M, Ferreira T, Fischer K, Forouhi NG, Friedrich N, Gjesing AP, Glorioso N, Graff M, Grallert H, Grarup N, Gräßler J, Grewal J, Hamsten A, Harder MN, Hartman CA, Hassinen M, Hastie N, Hattersley AT, Havulinna AS, Heliövaara M, Hillege H, Hofman A, Holmen O, Homuth G, Hottenga JJ, Hui J, Husemoen LL, Hysi PG, Isaacs A, Ittermann T, Jalilzadeh S, James AL, Jørgensen T, Jousilahti P, Jula A, Marie Justesen J, Justice AE, Kähönen M, Karaleftheri M, Tee Khaw K, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi SM, Kinnunen L, Knekt PB, Koistinen HA, Kolcic I, Kooner IK, Koskinen S, Kovacs P, Kyriakou T, Laitinen T, Langenberg C, Lewin AM, Lichtner P, Lindgren CM, Lindström J, Linneberg A, Lorbeer R, Lorentzon M, Luben R, Lyssenko V, Männistö S, Manunta P, Leach IM, McArdle WL, Mcknight B, Mohlke KL, Mihailov E, Milani L, Mills R, Montasser ME, Morris AP, Müller G, Musk AW, Narisu N, Ong KK, Oostra BA, Osmond C, Palotie A, Pankow JS, Paternoster L, Penninx BW, Pichler I, Pilia MG, Polašek O, Pramstaller PP, Raitakari OT, Rankinen T, Rao DC, Rayner NW, Ribel-Madsen R, Rice TK, Richards M, Ridker PM, Rivadeneira F, Ryan KA, Sanna S, Sarzynski MA, Scholtens S, Scott RA, Sebert S, Southam L, Sparsø TH, Steinthorsdottir V, Stirrups K, Stolk RP, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Swertz MA, Swift AJ, Tönjes A, Tsafantakis E, van der Most PJ, Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Vandenput L, Vartiainen E, Venturini C, Verweij N, Viikari JS, Vitart V, Vohl MC, Vonk JM, Waeber G, Widén E, Willemsen G, Wilsgaard T, Winkler TW, Wright AF, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Hua Zhao J, Carola Zillikens M, Boomsma DI, Bouchard C, Chambers JC, Chasman DI, Cusi D, Gansevoort RT, Gieger C, Hansen T, Hicks AA, Hu F, Hveem K, Jarvelin MR, Kajantie E, Kooner JS, Kuh D, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Lakka TA, Lehtimäki T, Metspalu A, Njølstad I, Ohlsson C, Oldehinkel AJ, Palmer LJ, Pedersen O, Perola M, Peters A, Psaty BM, Puolijoki H, Rauramaa R, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Schwarz PEH, Shudiner AR, Smit JH, Sørensen TIA, Spector TD, Stefansson K, Stumvoll M, Tremblay A, Tuomilehto J, Uitterlinden AG, Uusitupa M, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Wilson JF, Zeggini E, Abecasis GR, Boehnke M, Borecki IB, Deloukas P, van Duijn CM, Fox C, Groop LC, Heid IM, Hunter DJ, Kaplan RC, McCarthy MI, North KE, O'Connell JR, Schlessinger D, Thorsteinsdottir U, Strachan DP, Frayling T, Hirschhorn JN, Müller-Nurasyid M, Loos RJF. A principal component meta-analysis on multiple anthropometric traits identifies novel loci for body shape. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13357. [PMID: 27876822 PMCID: PMC5114527 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Large consortia have revealed hundreds of genetic loci associated with anthropometric traits, one trait at a time. We examined whether genetic variants affect body shape as a composite phenotype that is represented by a combination of anthropometric traits. We developed an approach that calculates averaged PCs (AvPCs) representing body shape derived from six anthropometric traits (body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio). The first four AvPCs explain >99% of the variability, are heritable, and associate with cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed genome-wide association analyses for each body shape composite phenotype across 65 studies and meta-analysed summary statistics. We identify six novel loci: LEMD2 and CD47 for AvPC1, RPS6KA5/C14orf159 and GANAB for AvPC3, and ARL15 and ANP32 for AvPC4. Our findings highlight the value of using multiple traits to define complex phenotypes for discovery, which are not captured by single-trait analyses, and may shed light onto new pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina S. Ried
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Janina Jeff M.
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Audrey Y. Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham
- Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, Internal Medicine-Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E. Huffman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Ledreborg Allé 34, DK-2820 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gemma Cadby
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Niina Eklund
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joel Eriksson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2142, USA
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Mary F. Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Nancy L. Heard-Costa
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Eero Jokinen
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kati Kristiansson
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1005, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Keri L. Monda
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- The Center for Observational Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, USA
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Louis Pérusse
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Lynda M. Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano at San Paolo Hospital, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Megan T. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Ioanna Tachmazidou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Pim van der Harst
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute Netherlands-Netherlands Heart Institute, 3501 DG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ryan W. Walker
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Sophie R. Wang
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Sarah H. Wild
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Sara M. Willems
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexessander Couto Alves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- Department of Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Cristina Barlassina
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano at San Paolo Hospital, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Traci M. Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
| | - John Beilby
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Claire Bellis
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Richard N. Bergman
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1005, Switzerland
| | - John Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas 78520, USA
| | - Matthias Blüher
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center and Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Lori L. Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Medicine III, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcel Bruinenberg
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The LifeLines Cohort Study, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Los Angeles BioMedical Resesarch Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA
| | | | - Peter S. Chines
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | - L Adrienne Cupples
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Francesca D'Avila
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano at San Paolo Hospital, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Eco J .C. de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dimitriou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Angela Döring
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Nita G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anette Prior Gjesing
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicola Glorioso
- Hypertension and Related Disease Centre, AOU-University of Sassari, 7100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Gräßler
- Department of Medicine III, Pathobiochemistry, Technische Universitaet, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jagvir Grewal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Solna, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm 17176, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Neergaard Harder
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maija Hassinen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, 70100 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicholas Hastie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Andrew Tym Hattersley
- Institue of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Heliövaara
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hans Hillege
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oddgeir Holmen
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennie Hui
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Lise Lotte Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Pirro G. Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Till Ittermann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Shapour Jalilzadeh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Alan L. James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, DK2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanne Marie Justesen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne E. Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Kay Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, Box 251, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Sirkka M. Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu F1-90014, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu FI-90029, Finland
| | - Leena Kinnunen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul B. Knekt
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki A. Koistinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital,, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Seppo Koskinen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Kovacs
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Theodosios Kyriakou
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Tomi Laitinen
- Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alexandra M. Lewin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cecilia M. Lindgren
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2142, USA
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Roberto Lorbeer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Luben
- Strangeways Research Laboratory Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
- Lund University Diabetes Centre and Department of Clinical Science, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, Lund University, 221 00 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Chair of Nephrology, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele and Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wendy L. McArdle
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS82BN, UK
| | - Barbara Mcknight
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Divison of Public Health Sciences, Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Evelin Mihailov
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | | | - May E. Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Gabriele Müller
- Center for Evidence Based Healthcare, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Arthur W. Musk
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, West Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Ken K. Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London WC1B 5JU, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ben A. Oostra
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clive Osmond
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Human Genetic Research, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0381, USA
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Brenda W. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, AJ Ernstraat 1887, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Pichler
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maria G. Pilia
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, 9042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - D. C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Nigel W. Rayner
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Rasmus Ribel-Madsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Treva K. Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Marcus Richards
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Paul M. Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kathy A. Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, 9042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mark A. Sarzynski
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - Salome Scholtens
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A. Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
- Center For Life-Course Health Research, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Thomas Hempel Sparsø
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kathleen Stirrups
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ronald P. Stolk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Morris A. Swertz
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amy J. Swift
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Peter J. van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jana V. Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erkki Vartiainen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cristina Venturini
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jorma S. Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Judith M. Vonk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Widén
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Thomas W. Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alan F. Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - M. Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano at San Paolo Hospital, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Ron T. Gansevoort
- Department of Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Torben Hansen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Andrew A. Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frank Hu
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kristian Hveem
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London W12 0NN, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Epidemiology, University of Oulu, P.O.Box 5000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A. Lakka
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, 70100 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lyle J. Palmer
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seatte, Washington 98101, USA
| | - Hannu Puolijoki
- South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Seinäjoki Fi-60220, Finland
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, 70100 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter E. H. Schwarz
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Medicine III, University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Alan R. Shudiner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
- Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Vetrans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21042, USA
| | - Jan H. Smit
- Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, AJ Ernstraat 1887, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thorkild I. A. Sørensen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS82BN, UK
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Timothy D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen inc., 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - James F. Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, Scotland
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9AG Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Goncalo R. Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton CB10 1HH, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Medical Systems Biology, 2300 Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Fox
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Leif C. Groop
- Lund University Diabetes Centre and Department of Clinical Science, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, Lund University, 221 00 Malmö, Sweden
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), Helsinki University, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iris M. Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - David J. Hunter
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Popualtion Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - David Schlessinger
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen inc., 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - David P. Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Timothy Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2142, USA
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Metabolism Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
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Winkler TW, Justice AE, Graff M, Barata L, Feitosa MF, Chu S, Czajkowski J, Esko T, Fall T, Kilpeläinen TO, Lu Y, Mägi R, Mihailov E, Pers TH, Rüeger S, Teumer A, Ehret GB, Ferreira T, Heard-Costa NL, Karjalainen J, Lagou V, Mahajan A, Neinast MD, Prokopenko I, Simino J, Teslovich TM, Jansen R, Westra HJ, White CC, Absher D, Ahluwalia TS, Ahmad S, Albrecht E, Alves AC, Bragg-Gresham JL, de Craen AJM, Bis JC, Bonnefond A, Boucher G, Cadby G, Cheng YC, Chiang CWK, Delgado G, Demirkan A, Dueker N, Eklund N, Eiriksdottir G, Eriksson J, Feenstra B, Fischer K, Frau F, Galesloot TE, Geller F, Goel A, Gorski M, Grammer TB, Gustafsson S, Haitjema S, Hottenga JJ, Huffman JE, Jackson AU, Jacobs KB, Johansson Å, Kaakinen M, Kleber ME, Lahti J, Leach IM, Lehne B, Liu Y, Lo KS, Lorentzon M, Luan J, Madden PAF, Mangino M, McKnight B, Medina-Gomez C, Monda KL, Montasser ME, Müller G, Müller-Nurasyid M, Nolte IM, Panoutsopoulou K, Pascoe L, Paternoster L, Rayner NW, Renström F, Rizzi F, Rose LM, Ryan KA, Salo P, Sanna S, Scharnagl H, Shi J, Smith AV, Southam L, Stančáková A, Steinthorsdottir V, Strawbridge RJ, Sung YJ, Tachmazidou I, Tanaka T, Thorleifsson G, Trompet S, Pervjakova N, Tyrer JP, Vandenput L, van der Laan SW, van der Velde N, van Setten J, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Verweij N, Vlachopoulou E, Waite LL, Wang SR, Wang Z, Wild SH, Willenborg C, Wilson JF, Wong A, Yang J, Yengo L, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Yu L, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Andersson EA, Bakker SJL, Baldassarre D, Banasik K, Barcella M, Barlassina C, Bellis C, Benaglio P, Blangero J, Blüher M, Bonnet F, Bonnycastle LL, Boyd HA, Bruinenberg M, Buchman AS, Campbell H, Chen YDI, Chines PS, Claudi-Boehm S, Cole J, Collins FS, de Geus EJC, de Groot LCPGM, Dimitriou M, Duan J, Enroth S, Eury E, Farmaki AE, Forouhi NG, Friedrich N, Gejman PV, Gigante B, Glorioso N, Go AS, Gottesman O, Gräßler J, Grallert H, Grarup N, Gu YM, Broer L, Ham AC, Hansen T, Harris TB, Hartman CA, Hassinen M, Hastie N, Hattersley AT, Heath AC, Henders AK, Hernandez D, Hillege H, Holmen O, Hovingh KG, Hui J, Husemoen LL, Hutri-Kähönen N, Hysi PG, Illig T, De Jager PL, Jalilzadeh S, Jørgensen T, Jukema JW, Juonala M, Kanoni S, Karaleftheri M, Khaw KT, Kinnunen L, Kittner SJ, Koenig W, Kolcic I, Kovacs P, Krarup NT, Kratzer W, Krüger J, Kuh D, Kumari M, Kyriakou T, Langenberg C, Lannfelt L, Lanzani C, Lotay V, Launer LJ, Leander K, Lindström J, Linneberg A, Liu YP, Lobbens S, Luben R, Lyssenko V, Männistö S, Magnusson PK, McArdle WL, Menni C, Merger S, Milani L, Montgomery GW, Morris AP, Narisu N, Nelis M, Ong KK, Palotie A, Pérusse L, Pichler I, Pilia MG, Pouta A, Rheinberger M, Ribel-Madsen R, Richards M, Rice KM, Rice TK, Rivolta C, Salomaa V, Sanders AR, Sarzynski MA, Scholtens S, Scott RA, Scott WR, Sebert S, Sengupta S, Sennblad B, Seufferlein T, Silveira A, Slagboom PE, Smit JH, Sparsø TH, Stirrups K, Stolk RP, Stringham HM, Swertz MA, Swift AJ, Syvänen AC, Tan ST, Thorand B, Tönjes A, Tremblay A, Tsafantakis E, van der Most PJ, Völker U, Vohl MC, Vonk JM, Waldenberger M, Walker RW, Wennauer R, Widén E, Willemsen G, Wilsgaard T, Wright AF, Zillikens MC, van Dijk SC, van Schoor NM, Asselbergs FW, de Bakker PIW, Beckmann JS, Beilby J, Bennett DA, Bergman RN, Bergmann S, Böger CA, Boehm BO, Boerwinkle E, Boomsma DI, Bornstein SR, Bottinger EP, Bouchard C, Chambers JC, Chanock SJ, Chasman DI, Cucca F, Cusi D, Dedoussis G, Erdmann J, Eriksson JG, Evans DA, de Faire U, Farrall M, Ferrucci L, Ford I, Franke L, Franks PW, Froguel P, Gansevoort RT, Gieger C, Grönberg H, Gudnason V, Gyllensten U, Hall P, Hamsten A, van der Harst P, Hayward C, Heliövaara M, Hengstenberg C, Hicks AA, Hingorani A, Hofman A, Hu F, Huikuri HV, Hveem K, James AL, Jordan JM, Jula A, Kähönen M, Kajantie E, Kathiresan S, Kiemeney LALM, Kivimaki M, Knekt PB, Koistinen HA, Kooner JS, Koskinen S, Kuusisto J, Maerz W, Martin NG, Laakso M, Lakka TA, Lehtimäki T, Lettre G, Levinson DF, Lind L, Lokki ML, Mäntyselkä P, Melbye M, Metspalu A, Mitchell BD, Moll FL, Murray JC, Musk AW, Nieminen MS, Njølstad I, Ohlsson C, Oldehinkel AJ, Oostra BA, Palmer LJ, Pankow JS, Pasterkamp G, Pedersen NL, Pedersen O, Penninx BW, Perola M, Peters A, Polašek O, Pramstaller PP, Psaty BM, Qi L, Quertermous T, Raitakari OT, Rankinen T, Rauramaa R, Ridker PM, Rioux JD, Rivadeneira F, Rotter JI, Rudan I, den Ruijter HM, Saltevo J, Sattar N, Schunkert H, Schwarz PEH, Shuldiner AR, Sinisalo J, Snieder H, Sørensen TIA, Spector TD, Staessen JA, Stefania B, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stumvoll M, Tardif JC, Tremoli E, Tuomilehto J, Uitterlinden AG, Uusitupa M, Verbeek ALM, Vermeulen SH, Viikari JS, Vitart V, Völzke H, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Walker M, Wallaschofski H, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Zeggini E, Chakravarti A, Clegg DJ, Cupples LA, Gordon-Larsen P, Jaquish CE, Rao DC, Abecasis GR, Assimes TL, Barroso I, Berndt SI, Boehnke M, Deloukas P, Fox CS, Groop LC, Hunter DJ, Ingelsson E, Kaplan RC, McCarthy MI, Mohlke KL, O'Connell JR, Schlessinger D, Strachan DP, Stefansson K, van Duijn CM, Hirschhorn JN, Lindgren CM, Heid IM, North KE, Borecki IB, Kutalik Z, Loos RJF. The Influence of Age and Sex on Genetic Associations with Adult Body Size and Shape: A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Interaction Study. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005378. [PMID: 26426971 PMCID: PMC4591371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 100 genetic variants contributing to BMI, a measure of body size, or waist-to-hip ratio (adjusted for BMI, WHRadjBMI), a measure of body shape. Body size and shape change as people grow older and these changes differ substantially between men and women. To systematically screen for age- and/or sex-specific effects of genetic variants on BMI and WHRadjBMI, we performed meta-analyses of 114 studies (up to 320,485 individuals of European descent) with genome-wide chip and/or Metabochip data by the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium. Each study tested the association of up to ~2.8M SNPs with BMI and WHRadjBMI in four strata (men ≤50y, men >50y, women ≤50y, women >50y) and summary statistics were combined in stratum-specific meta-analyses. We then screened for variants that showed age-specific effects (G x AGE), sex-specific effects (G x SEX) or age-specific effects that differed between men and women (G x AGE x SEX). For BMI, we identified 15 loci (11 previously established for main effects, four novel) that showed significant (FDR<5%) age-specific effects, of which 11 had larger effects in younger (<50y) than in older adults (≥50y). No sex-dependent effects were identified for BMI. For WHRadjBMI, we identified 44 loci (27 previously established for main effects, 17 novel) with sex-specific effects, of which 28 showed larger effects in women than in men, five showed larger effects in men than in women, and 11 showed opposite effects between sexes. No age-dependent effects were identified for WHRadjBMI. This is the first genome-wide interaction meta-analysis to report convincing evidence of age-dependent genetic effects on BMI. In addition, we confirm the sex-specificity of genetic effects on WHRadjBMI. These results may provide further insights into the biology that underlies weight change with age or the sexually dimorphism of body shape. Adult body size and body shape differ substantially between men and women and change over time. More than 100 genetic variants that influence body mass index (measure of body size) or waist-to-hip ratio (measure of body shape) have been identified. While there is evidence that some genetic loci affect body shape differently in men than in women, little is known about whether genetic effects differ in older compared to younger adults, and whether such changes differ between men and women. Therefore, we conducted a systematic genome-wide search, including 114 studies (>320,000 individuals), to specifically identify genetic loci with age- and or sex-dependent effects on body size and shape. We identified 15 loci of which the effect on BMI was different in older compared to younger adults, whereas we found no evidence for loci with different effects in men compared to women. The opposite was seen for body shape as we identified 44 loci of which the effect on waist-to-hip ratio differed between men and women, but no difference between younger and older adults were observed. Our observations may provide new insights into the biology that underlies weight change with age or the sexual dimorphism of body shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W. Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anne E. Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Llilda Barata
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Mary F. Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Su Chu
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jacek Czajkowski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tove Fall
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tune H. Pers
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sina Rüeger
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg B. Ehret
- Department of Specialties of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nancy L. Heard-Costa
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Juha Karjalainen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael D. Neinast
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Genomics of Common Diseases, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeannette Simino
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Tanya M. Teslovich
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Charles C. White
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Devin Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shafqat Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexessander Couto Alves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Anton J. M. de Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- CNRS UMR 8199, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, Lille, France
| | | | - Gemma Cadby
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yu-Ching Cheng
- VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Charleston W. K. Chiang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Dueker
- Universiy of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Niina Eklund
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Joel Eriksson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Francesca Frau
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano, Italy
| | - Tessel E. Galesloot
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Geller
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Division of Cardiovacular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tanja B. Grammer
- Vth Department of Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Saskia Haitjema
- Experimental Cardiology and laboratory of clinical chemistry, UMCU, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E. Huffman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Kevin B. Jacobs
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Core Genotyping Facility, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marika Kaakinen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marcus E. Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jari Lahti
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Youfang Liu
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chaper Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ken Sin Lo
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela A. F. Madden
- Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Divison of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Keri L. Monda
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- The Center for Observational Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - May E. Montasser
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gabriele Müller
- Center for Evidence Based Healthcare, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Laura Pascoe
- Institute of Cell & Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel W. Rayner
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Filarete Foundation, Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Milano, Italy
| | - Lynda M. Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathy A. Ryan
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Perttu Salo
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jianxin Shi
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Rona J. Strawbridge
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ioanna Tachmazidou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Natalia Pervjakova
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Genomics Unit, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonathan P. Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Experimental Cardiology and laboratory of clinical chemistry, UMCU, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie van der Velde
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Endocrinology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Efthymia Vlachopoulou
- Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lindsay L. Waite
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Sophie R. Wang
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Core Genotyping Facility, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sarah H. Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Christina Willenborg
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - James F. Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jian Yang
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Loïc Yengo
- CNRS UMR 8199, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, Lille, France
| | - Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ehm A. Andersson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matteo Barcella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Claire Bellis
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paola Benaglio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Matthias Blüher
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
- University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Lori L. Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Heather A. Boyd
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marcel Bruinenberg
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The LifeLines Cohort Study, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aron S Buchman
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Los Angeles BioMedical Resesarch Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Peter S. Chines
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Simone Claudi-Boehm
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - John Cole
- VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Universiy of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Francis S. Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eco J. C. de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maria Dimitriou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Jubao Duan
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Stefan Enroth
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elodie Eury
- CNRS UMR 8199, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, Lille, France
| | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Nita G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pablo V. Gejman
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicola Glorioso
- Hypertension and Related Disease Centre, AOU-University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alan S. Go
- Kaiser Permanente, Division of Research, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - Omri Gottesman
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Department of Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jürgen Gräßler
- Department of Medicine III, Pathobiochemistry, University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yu-Mei Gu
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annelies C. Ham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maija Hassinen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicholas Hastie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Andrew T. Hattersley
- Institue of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew C. Heath
- Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Anjali K. Henders
- QIMR Bergofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hans Hillege
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Oddgeir Holmen
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kees G Hovingh
- Department Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennie Hui
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia,Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lise L. Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics,Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pirro G. Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Illig
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Philip L. De Jager
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,United States of America
- Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,United States of America
| | - Shapour Jalilzadeh
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Division of Cardiovacular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Juonala
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kay Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leena Kinnunen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Steven J. Kittner
- VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Universiy of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Peter Kovacs
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nikolaj T. Krarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Kratzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Janine Krüger
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Meena Kumari
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Theodosios Kyriakou
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Division of Cardiovacular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chiara Lanzani
- Chair of Nephrology, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Segrate (Milan), Italy
- Genomics of Renal Disease and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Segrate (Milan), Italy
| | - Vaneet Lotay
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Karin Leander
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Yan-Ping Liu
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Lobbens
- CNRS UMR 8199, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, Lille, France
| | - Robert Luben
- Strangeways Research Laboratory Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark
- Lund University Diabetes Centre and Department of Clinical Science, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrik K. Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wendy L. McArdle
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sigrun Merger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mari Nelis
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ken K. Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Human Genetic Research, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Louis Pérusse
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Irene Pichler
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maria G. Pilia
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Anneli Pouta
- Department of Children, Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Myriam Rheinberger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rasmus Ribel-Madsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth M. Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Treva K. Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Carlo Rivolta
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alan R. Sanders
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Sarzynski
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Salome Scholtens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A. Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William R. Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sebanti Sengupta
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Angela Silveira
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. Smit
- Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas H. Sparsø
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kathleen Stirrups
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald P. Stolk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Morris A Swertz
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amy J. Swift
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sian-Tsung Tan
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anke Tönjes
- University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Peter J. van der Most
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, Québec,Canada
| | - Judith M. Vonk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ryan W. Walker
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Roman Wennauer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Widén
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Alan F. Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - M. Carola Zillikens
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne C. van Dijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M. van Schoor
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- VUMC, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert W. Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute Netherlands-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul I. W. de Bakker
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - John Beilby
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia,Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Richard N. Bergman
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carsten A. Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard O. Boehm
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center and Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Department of Medicine III, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Department of Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Divison of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,United States of America
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Italy
- University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Institute of Research, Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Denis A. Evans
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging and Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Farrall
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Division of Cardiovacular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lude Franke
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
- Université de Lille 2, Lille, France
| | - Ron T. Gansevoort
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Henrik Grönberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute Netherlands-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Markku Heliövaara
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aroon Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Albert Hofman
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Heikki V. Huikuri
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kristian Hveem
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alan L. James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joanne M. Jordan
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chaper Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Antti Jula
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lambertus A. L. M. Kiemeney
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Urology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul B. Knekt
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki A. Koistinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Winfried Maerz
- Vth Department of Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Bergofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A. Lakka
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marja-Liisa Lokki
- Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Mäntyselkä
- Primary Health Care Unit, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | | | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Frans L. Moll
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey C. Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Arthur W. Musk
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Markku S. Nieminen
- HUCH Heart and Lung Center, Division of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben A. Oostra
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lyle J Palmer
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Experimental Cardiology and laboratory of clinical chemistry, UMCU, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brenda W. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Markus Perola
- Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annette Peters
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Departments of Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seatte, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paul M. Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,United States of America
| | - John D. Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Los Angeles BioMedical Resesarch Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Hester M. den Ruijter
- Experimental Cardiology and laboratory of clinical chemistry, UMCU, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Juha Saltevo
- Department of Medicine, Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Peter E. H. Schwarz
- Department of Medicine III, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alan R. Shuldiner
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Vetrans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- HUCH Heart and Lung Center, Division of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harold Snieder
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thorkild I. A. Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jan A. Staessen
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- R & D VitaK Group, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
- University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, Austria
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
- Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - André L. M. Verbeek
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sita H. Vermeulen
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Walker
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Henri Wallaschofski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Division of Cardiovacular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - CHARGE Consortium
- The Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | - MAGIC Consortium
- The Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Deborah J. Clegg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Cashell E. Jaquish
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - D. C. Rao
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Goncalo R. Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Themistocles L. Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja I. Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Caroline S. Fox
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,United States of America
| | - Leif C. Groop
- Lund University Diabetes Centre and Department of Clinical Science, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David J. Hunter
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Popualtion Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R. O'Connell
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Schlessinger
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David P. Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), The Netherlands
- Center for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Cecilia M. Lindgren
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iris M. Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (IMH); (KEN); (IBB); (ZK); (RJFL)
| | - Kari E. North
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences and Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (IMH); (KEN); (IBB); (ZK); (RJFL)
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail: (IMH); (KEN); (IBB); (ZK); (RJFL)
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (IMH); (KEN); (IBB); (ZK); (RJFL)
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (IMH); (KEN); (IBB); (ZK); (RJFL)
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