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Herbert A, Gerry NP, McQueen MB, Heid IM, Pfeufer A, Illig T, Wichmann HE, Meitinger T, Hunter D, Hu FB, Colditz G, Hinney A, Hebebrand J, Koberwitz K, Zhu X, Cooper R, Ardlie K, Lyon H, Hirschhorn JN, Laird NM, Lenburg ME, Lange C, Christman MF. Response to Comments on "A Common Genetic Variant Is Associated with Adult and Childhood Obesity". Science 2020. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1129763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Identification of genetic variants affecting complex traits such as obesity is confounded by many types of bias, especially when effect sizes are small. Given our findings of a positive association between rs7566605 and body mass index in four out of five separate samples, a false positive finding cannot be ruled out with certainty but seems unlikely. Meta-analyses of multiple large studies will help refine the estimate of the effects of rs7566605 on body mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Herbert
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Boston University Medical School, E613, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Norman P. Gerry
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Boston University Medical School, E613, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Matthew B. McQueen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Iris M. Heid
- Institute of Epidemiology, Gesundheit Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit National Research Center, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- KORA Group, GSF National Research Center, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Human Genetics, GSF National Research Center, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, D-81671 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Institute of Epidemiology, Gesundheit Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit National Research Center, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- KORA Group, GSF National Research Center, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - H.-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Gesundheit Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit National Research Center, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- KORA Group, GSF National Research Center, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, GSF National Research Center, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, D-81671 Munich, Germany
| | - David Hunter
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Nurses Health Study, Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Nurses Health Study, Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Graham Colditz
- Nurses Health Study, Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry of the University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry of the University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Koberwitz
- Institute of Human Genetics, GSF National Research Center, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry of the University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Richard Cooper
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Kristin Ardlie
- Genomics Collaborative, SeraCare Life Sciences Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Helen Lyon
- Program in Genomics and Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Program in Genomics and Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nan M. Laird
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marc E. Lenburg
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Boston University Medical School, E613, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Christoph Lange
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael F. Christman
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Boston University Medical School, E613, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Fredrich B, Schmöhl M, Junge O, Gundlach S, Ellinghaus D, Pfeufer A, Bettecken T, Siddiqui R, Franke A, Wienker TF, Hoeppner MP, Krawczak M. VarWatch-A stand-alone software tool for variant matching. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215618. [PMID: 31022234 PMCID: PMC6483337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Massively parallel DNA sequencing of clinical samples holds great promise for the gene-based diagnosis of human inherited diseases because it allows rapid detection of putatively causative mutations at genome-wide level. Without additional evidence complementing their initial bioinformatics evaluation, however, the clinical relevance of such candidate genetic variants often remains unclear. In consequence, dedicated 'matching' services have been established in recent years that aim at the discovery of other, comparable case reports to facilitate individual diagnoses. However, legal concerns have been raised about the global sharing of genetic data, particularly in Europe where the recently enacted General Data Protection Regulation EU-2016/679 classifies genetic data as highly sensitive. Hence, unrestricted sharing of genetic data from clinical cases on platforms outside the national jurisdiction increasingly may be perceived as problematic. To allow collaborative data producers, particularly large consortia of diagnostic laboratories, to acknowledge these concerns while still practicing efficient case matching internally, novel tools are required. To this end, we developed VarWatch, an easy-to-deploy and highly scalable case matching software that provides users with comprehensive programmatic tools and a user-friendly interface to fulfil said purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Broder Fredrich
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcus Schmöhl
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Olaf Junge
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sven Gundlach
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Humangenetische Praxis PD Dr. Pfeufer, München, Germany
- MVZ für Molekulardiagnostik GmbH, München, Germany
- Myriad GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Roman Siddiqui
- TMF – Technologie- und Methodenplattform für die vernetzte medizinische Forschung e.V., Berlin, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Marc P. Hoeppner
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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3
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van Setten J, Brody JA, Jamshidi Y, Swenson BR, Butler AM, Campbell H, Del Greco FM, Evans DS, Gibson Q, Gudbjartsson DF, Kerr KF, Krijthe BP, Lyytikäinen LP, Müller C, Müller-Nurasyid M, Nolte IM, Padmanabhan S, Ritchie MD, Robino A, Smith AV, Steri M, Tanaka T, Teumer A, Trompet S, Ulivi S, Verweij N, Yin X, Arnar DO, Asselbergs FW, Bader JS, Barnard J, Bis J, Blankenberg S, Boerwinkle E, Bradford Y, Buckley BM, Chung MK, Crawford D, den Hoed M, Denny JC, Dominiczak AF, Ehret GB, Eijgelsheim M, Ellinor PT, Felix SB, Franco OH, Franke L, Harris TB, Holm H, Ilaria G, Iorio A, Kähönen M, Kolcic I, Kors JA, Lakatta EG, Launer LJ, Lin H, Lin HJ, Loos RJF, Lubitz SA, Macfarlane PW, Magnani JW, Leach IM, Meitinger T, Mitchell BD, Munzel T, Papanicolaou GJ, Peters A, Pfeufer A, Pramstaller PP, Raitakari OT, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Samani NJ, Schlessinger D, Silva Aldana CT, Sinner MF, Smith JD, Snieder H, Soliman EZ, Spector TD, Stott DJ, Strauch K, Tarasov KV, Thorsteinsdottir U, Uitterlinden AG, Van Wagoner DR, Völker U, Völzke H, Waldenberger M, Jan Westra H, Wild PS, Zeller T, Alonso A, Avery CL, Bandinelli S, Benjamin EJ, Cucca F, Dörr M, Ferrucci L, Gasparini P, Gudnason V, Hayward C, Heckbert SR, Hicks AA, Jukema JW, Kääb S, Lehtimäki T, Liu Y, Munroe PB, Parsa A, Polasek O, Psaty BM, Roden DM, Schnabel RB, Sinagra G, Stefansson K, Stricker BH, van der Harst P, van Duijn CM, Wilson JF, Gharib SA, de Bakker PIW, Isaacs A, Arking DE, Sotoodehnia N. PR interval genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 50 loci associated with atrial and atrioventricular electrical activity. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2904. [PMID: 30046033 PMCID: PMC6060178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04766-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrocardiographic PR interval measures atrio-ventricular depolarization and conduction, and abnormal PR interval is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation and heart block. Our genome-wide association study of over 92,000 European-descent individuals identifies 44 PR interval loci (34 novel). Examination of these loci reveals known and previously not-yet-reported biological processes involved in cardiac atrial electrical activity. Genes in these loci are over-represented in cardiac disease processes including heart block and atrial fibrillation. Variants in over half of the 44 loci were associated with atrial or blood transcript expression levels, or were in high linkage disequilibrium with missense variants. Six additional loci were identified either by meta-analysis of ~105,000 African and European-descent individuals and/or by pleiotropic analyses combining PR interval with heart rate, QRS interval, and atrial fibrillation. These findings implicate developmental pathways, and identify transcription factors, ion-channel genes, and cell-junction/cell-signaling proteins in atrio-ventricular conduction, identifying potential targets for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica van Setten
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands.
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- Cardiogenetics Lab, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Brenton R Swenson
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
- Institute for Public Health Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
| | - Anne M Butler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, UK
| | - Fabiola M Del Greco
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, 94107, CA, USA
| | - Quince Gibson
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama Birmingham Hospital, Birmingham, 35233, AL, USA
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, IS-101, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Kathleen F Kerr
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
| | - Bouwe P Krijthe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Christian Müller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland, UK
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, PA, USA
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, IS-201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Maristella Steri
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, 00185, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA, Baltimore, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17489, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Sheila Ulivi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 7913GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoyan Yin
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02118, MA, USA
| | - David O Arnar
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, IS-101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joel S Bader
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 21218, MD, USA
| | - John Barnard
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, OH, USA
| | - Josh Bis
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Yuki Bradford
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, PA, USA
| | - Brendan M Buckley
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Mina K Chung
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, OH, USA
| | - Dana Crawford
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, 44106, OH, USA
| | - Marcel den Hoed
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751 05, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751 05, Sweden
| | - Josh C Denny
- Biomedical Informatics and Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, 37235, TN, USA
| | - Anna F Dominiczak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland, UK
| | - Georg B Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, MD, USA
| | - Mark Eijgelsheim
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 7913GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, 02142, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Stephan B Felix
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17489, Germany
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 7913GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, IS-101, Iceland
| | - Gandin Ilaria
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Annamaria Iorio
- Cardiovascular Department, "Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste", Trieste, 34124, Italy
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, 21000, Croatia
| | - Jan A Kors
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02118, MA, USA
| | - Henry J Lin
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, CA, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, 02142, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Peter W Macfarlane
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Jared W Magnani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15260, PA, USA
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 7913GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, 21201, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Munzel
- Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, 55131, Germany
- Center for Translational Vascular Biology (CTVB), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - George J Papanicolaou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- MVZ für Molekulardiagnostik, Munich, 81543, Germany
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, CA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, UK
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, LE3 9QD, UK
| | - David Schlessinger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Claudia T Silva Aldana
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
- Institute of Translational Medicine-IMT, Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Cl. 12c #6-25, Colombia
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
| | - Jonathan D Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, OH, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, OH, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Elsayed Z Soliman
- Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, 27101, NC, USA
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, St Thomas Hospital, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - David J Stott
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Kirill V Tarasov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, IS-101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - David R Van Wagoner
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, OH, USA
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17489, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17489, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Harm Jan Westra
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 7913GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp S Wild
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, 55131, Germany
- Center for Translational Vascular Biology (CTVB), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA
| | - Christy L Avery
- Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | | | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, 00185, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17489, Germany
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA, Baltimore, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34137, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, IS-201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, UK
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and the Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
- Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, 3511EP, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, 27101, NC, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Barts, Barts Health NHS Trust and Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, 21201, MD, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, 21000, Croatia
- Psychiatric hospital "Sveti Ivan", Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd., Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
| | - Dan M Roden
- Medicine, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, 37235, TN, USA
| | - Renate B Schnabel
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiovascular Department, "Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste", Trieste, 34124, Italy
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, IS-101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Bruno H Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
- Inspectorate for Health Care, The Hague, 2511VX, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 7913GZ, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, 7913GZ, The Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, 3511EP, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, UK
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, UK
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Computational Medicine Core at Center for Lung Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
| | - Paul I W de Bakker
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
- Center for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, MD, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA.
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4
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Eichenlaub M, Pfeufer A, Behrens L, Klauss V, Roettinger M, Brodherr T, Lewalter T. REduction of THRomboembolic EVents during Ablation using the laserballoon: The RETHREVA registry. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2018; 29:365-374. [PMID: 29315961 DOI: 10.1111/jce.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebral events (CEs), including silent (SCEs), are a known complication of left atrial catheter ablation (LACA) in patients with atrial fibrillation. The aim of this prospective registry was to gain more information about CEs during laserballoon LACA and to reduce the risk of their occurrence. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 74 patients (age 61 ± 11 years; 74% male; CHA2 DS2 -VASc 1.9 ± 1.4). Cerebral MRI (1.5 Tesla) was performed to detect CEs. ASPItest identified aspirin-resistant patients (ARPs). All bleeding complications were recorded. Due to an initial high CE rate, we evolved our clinical procedure step-by-step arriving at an optimized protocol: -Group 1: heparin after single transseptal puncture (TP), activated clotting time (ACT) > 300 seconds (CE: 64.3%). -Group 2: heparin after double TP, ACT > 300 seconds; 2a without (CE: 45.5%, RRR: -29.2%) and 2b with additional intravenous aspirin (CE: 36.4%, RRR: -43.4%; excluding ARP: 30%, RRR: -53.3%). -Group 3: heparin before double TP, ACT > 350 seconds; 3a without (CE: 54.5%, RRR: -15.2%) and 3b with aspirin (CE: 18.5%, RRR: -71.2%; excluding ARP: 8.7%, RRR: -86.5%). Larger LA diameter > 44 mm (OR: 1.149, P = 0.005) and no aspirin use (OR: 4.308, P = 0.008) were CE risk factors in multivariate logistic regression. In those patients receiving aspirin, aspirin resistance (OR: 22.4, P = 0.011) was an exceptionally strong risk factor. CONCLUSION These data support the use of intravenous aspirin including monitoring of aspirin resistance in addition to ACT-guided heparin. An optimized protocol of heparin before TP, double TP, and intravenous aspirin in non-ARP resulted in a significantly lowered CE incidence and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Eichenlaub
- Isar Heart Center, Munich, Germany.,Peter Osypka Heart Center, Munich, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Thorsten Lewalter
- Isar Heart Center, Munich, Germany.,Peter Osypka Heart Center, Munich, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
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5
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Wild PS, Felix JF, Schillert A, Teumer A, Chen MH, Leening MJ, Völker U, Großmann V, Brody JA, Irvin MR, Shah SJ, Pramana S, Lieb W, Schmidt R, Stanton AV, Malzahn D, Smith AV, Sundström J, Minelli C, Ruggiero D, Lyytikäinen LP, Tiller D, Smith JG, Monnereau C, Di Tullio MR, Musani SK, Morrison AC, Pers TH, Morley M, Kleber ME, Aragam J, Benjamin EJ, Bis JC, Bisping E, Broeckel U, Cheng S, Deckers JW, Del Greco M F, Edelmann F, Fornage M, Franke L, Friedrich N, Harris TB, Hofer E, Hofman A, Huang J, Hughes AD, Kähönen M, investigators KNHI, Kruppa J, Lackner KJ, Lannfelt L, Laskowski R, Launer LJ, Leosdottir M, Lin H, Lindgren CM, Loley C, MacRae CA, Mascalzoni D, Mayet J, Medenwald D, Morris AP, Müller C, Müller-Nurasyid M, Nappo S, Nilsson PM, Nuding S, Nutile T, Peters A, Pfeufer A, Pietzner D, Pramstaller PP, Raitakari OT, Rice KM, Rivadeneira F, Rotter JI, Ruohonen ST, Sacco RL, Samdarshi TE, Schmidt H, Sharp AS, Shields DC, Sorice R, Sotoodehnia N, Stricker BH, Surendran P, Thom S, Töglhofer AM, Uitterlinden AG, Wachter R, Völzke H, Ziegler A, Münzel T, März W, Cappola TP, Hirschhorn JN, Mitchell GF, Smith NL, Fox ER, Dueker ND, Jaddoe VW, Melander O, Russ M, Lehtimäki T, Ciullo M, Hicks AA, Lind L, Gudnason V, Pieske B, Barron AJ, Zweiker R, Schunkert H, Ingelsson E, Liu K, Arnett DK, Psaty BM, Blankenberg S, Larson MG, Felix SB, Franco OH, Zeller T, Vasan RS, Dörr M. Large-scale genome-wide analysis identifies genetic variants associated with cardiac structure and function. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:1798-1812. [PMID: 28394258 PMCID: PMC5409098 DOI: 10.1172/jci84840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the genetic architecture of cardiac structure and function may help to prevent and treat heart disease. This investigation sought to identify common genetic variations associated with inter-individual variability in cardiac structure and function. METHODS A GWAS meta-analysis of echocardiographic traits was performed, including 46,533 individuals from 30 studies (EchoGen consortium). The analysis included 16 traits of left ventricular (LV) structure, and systolic and diastolic function. RESULTS The discovery analysis included 21 cohorts for structural and systolic function traits (n = 32,212) and 17 cohorts for diastolic function traits (n = 21,852). Replication was performed in 5 cohorts (n = 14,321) and 6 cohorts (n = 16,308), respectively. Besides 5 previously reported loci, the combined meta-analysis identified 10 additional genome-wide significant SNPs: rs12541595 near MTSS1 and rs10774625 in ATXN2 for LV end-diastolic internal dimension; rs806322 near KCNRG, rs4765663 in CACNA1C, rs6702619 near PALMD, rs7127129 in TMEM16A, rs11207426 near FGGY, rs17608766 in GOSR2, and rs17696696 in CFDP1 for aortic root diameter; and rs12440869 in IQCH for Doppler transmitral A-wave peak velocity. Findings were in part validated in other cohorts and in GWAS of related disease traits. The genetic loci showed associations with putative signaling pathways, and with gene expression in whole blood, monocytes, and myocardial tissue. CONCLUSION The additional genetic loci identified in this large meta-analysis of cardiac structure and function provide insights into the underlying genetic architecture of cardiac structure and warrant follow-up in future functional studies. FUNDING For detailed information per study, see Acknowledgments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp S. Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine 2, and
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Janine F. Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arne Schillert
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Lübeck, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK, partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK, partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maarten J.G. Leening
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK, partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Vera Großmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jennifer A. Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marguerite R. Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sanjiv J. Shah
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Setia Pramana
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Popgen Biobank, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alice V. Stanton
- Blood Pressure Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dörthe Malzahn
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cosetta Minelli
- Population Health and Occupational Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Daniel Tiller
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - J. Gustav Smith
- Department of Cardiology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Claire Monnereau
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group and
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marco R. Di Tullio
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Solomon K. Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tune H. Pers
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Epidemiology Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Morley
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marcus E. Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - AortaGen Consortium
- Members of the AortaGen Consortium and their affiliations are detailed in the Supplemental Acknowledgments
| | - Jayashri Aragam
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Veteran’s Administration Hospital, West Roxbury, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emelia J. Benjamin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Sections of Cardiology, Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Egbert Bisping
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Susan Cheng
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jaap W. Deckers
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fabiola Del Greco M
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen, Bolzano, Italy – Affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frank Edelmann
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Myriam Fornage
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Nele Friedrich
- DZHK, partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jie Huang
- Boston VA Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital Division of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alun D. Hughes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - KNHI investigators
- KNHI investigators and their affiliations are detailed in the Supplemental Acknowledgments
| | - Jochen Kruppa
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Lübeck, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Genetics, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karl J. Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rafael Laskowski
- Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Neuroepidemiology Section, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Margrét Leosdottir
- Department of Cardiology, Lund University, and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Honghuang Lin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cecilia M. Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christina Loley
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Lübeck, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Calum A. MacRae
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen, Bolzano, Italy – Affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jamil Mayet
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- NHLI, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Medenwald
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Müller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefania Nappo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Peter M. Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Nuding
- Department of Medicine III, University Clinics Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Annette Peters
- DZHK, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Diana Pietzner
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen, Bolzano, Italy – Affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kenneth M. Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Saku T. Ruohonen
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ralph L. Sacco
- Department of Neurology and
- McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Departments of Public Health Sciences and Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Tandaw E. Samdarshi
- Division of Cardiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrew S.P. Sharp
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital and University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Denis C. Shields
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rossella Sorice
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Bruno H. Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Inspectorate for Health Care, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Praveen Surendran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Thom
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- NHLI, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna M. Töglhofer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rolf Wachter
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK, partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andreas Ziegler
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Lübeck, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK, partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Zentrum für Klinische Studien, Universität Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas P. Cappola
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Nicholas L. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ervin R. Fox
- Division of Cardiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Nicole D. Dueker
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Vincent W.V. Jaddoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group and
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Russ
- Department of Medicine III, University Clinics Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Helios-Amperklinikum Dachau, Dachau, Germany
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Andrew A. Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen, Bolzano, Italy – Affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- German Heart Institute Berlin DHZB, Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anthony J. Barron
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- NHLI, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Zweiker
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- DZHK, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kiang Liu
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Cardiovacular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- DZHK, partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin G. Larson
- Biostatistics Department, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephan B. Felix
- DZHK, partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tanja Zeller
- DZHK, partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Sections of Cardiology, Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK, partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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6
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Böger CA, Gorski M, McMahon GM, Xu H, Chang YPC, van der Most PJ, Navis G, Nolte IM, de Borst MH, Zhang W, Lehne B, Loh M, Tan ST, Boerwinkle E, Grams ME, Sekula P, Li M, Wilmot B, Moon JG, Scheet P, Cucca F, Xiao X, Lyytikäinen LP, Delgado G, Grammer TB, Kleber ME, Sedaghat S, Rivadeneira F, Corre T, Kutalik Z, Bergmann S, Nielson CM, Srikanth P, Teumer A, Müller-Nurasyid M, Brockhaus AC, Pfeufer A, Rathmann W, Peters A, Matsumoto M, de Andrade M, Atkinson EJ, Robinson-Cohen C, de Boer IH, Hwang SJ, Heid IM, Gögele M, Concas MP, Tanaka T, Bandinelli S, Nalls MA, Singleton A, Tajuddin SM, Adeyemo A, Zhou J, Doumatey A, McWeeney S, Murabito J, Franceschini N, Flessner M, Shlipak M, Wilson JG, Chen G, Rotimi CN, Zonderman AB, Evans MK, Ferrucci L, Devuyst O, Pirastu M, Shuldiner A, Hicks AA, Pramstaller PP, Kestenbaum B, Kardia SLR, Turner ST, Study LC, Briske TE, Gieger C, Strauch K, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Völker U, Nauck M, Völzke H, Vollenweider P, Bochud M, Waeber G, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, März W, Dehghan A, Franco OH, Uitterlinden AG, Hofman A, Taylor HA, Chambers JC, Kooner JS, Fox CS, Hitzemann R, Orwoll ES, Pattaro C, Schlessinger D, Köttgen A, Snieder H, Parsa A, Cohen DM. NFAT5 and SLC4A10 Loci Associate with Plasma Osmolality. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2311-2321. [PMID: 28360221 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016080892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders of water balance, an excess or deficit of total body water relative to body electrolyte content, are common and ascertained by plasma hypo- or hypernatremia, respectively. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study meta-analysis on plasma sodium concentration in 45,889 individuals of European descent (stage 1 discovery) and 17,637 additional individuals of European descent (stage 2 replication), and a transethnic meta-analysis of replicated single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 79,506 individuals (63,526 individuals of European descent, 8765 individuals of Asian Indian descent, and 7215 individuals of African descent). In stage 1, we identified eight loci associated with plasma sodium concentration at P<5.0 × 10-6 Of these, rs9980 at NFAT5 replicated in stage 2 meta-analysis (P=3.1 × 10-5), with combined stages 1 and 2 genome-wide significance of P=5.6 × 10-10 Transethnic meta-analysis further supported the association at rs9980 (P=5.9 × 10-12). Additionally, rs16846053 at SLC4A10 showed nominally, but not genome-wide, significant association in combined stages 1 and 2 meta-analysis (P=6.7 × 10-8). NFAT5 encodes a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that coordinates the intracellular response to hypertonic stress but was not previously implicated in the regulation of systemic water balance. SLC4A10 encodes a sodium bicarbonate transporter with a brain-restricted expression pattern, and variant rs16846053 affects a putative intronic NFAT5 DNA binding motif. The lead variants for NFAT5 and SLC4A10 are cis expression quantitative trait loci in tissues of the central nervous system and relevant to transcriptional regulation. Thus, genetic variation in NFAT5 and SLC4A10 expression and function in the central nervous system may affect the regulation of systemic water balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten A Böger
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Gearoid M McMahon
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Huichun Xu
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Yen-Pei C Chang
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Marie Loh
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Sian-Tsung Tan
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Morgan E Grams
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Peggy Sekula
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Man Li
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material.
| | - Beth Wilmot
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - James G Moon
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Paul Scheet
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Tanja B Grammer
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material.
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Carrie M Nielson
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Priya Srikanth
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Anne Catharina Brockhaus
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Annette Peters
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Martha Matsumoto
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Elizabeth J Atkinson
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Cassianne Robinson-Cohen
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Iris M Heid
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Martin Gögele
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Stefania Bandinelli
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Jie Zhou
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Ayo Doumatey
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Shannon McWeeney
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Joanne Murabito
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Michael Flessner
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Michael Shlipak
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - James G Wilson
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Michele K Evans
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Alan Shuldiner
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Peter Paul Pramstaller
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Bryan Kestenbaum
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - LifeLines Cohort Study
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Tamara Ellefson Briske
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Christian Gieger
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Uwe Völker
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Henry Völzke
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Winfried März
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Albert Hofman
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Herman A Taylor
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - John C Chambers
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Caroline S Fox
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Robert Hitzemann
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Eric S Orwoll
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - David Schlessinger
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Harold Snieder
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
| | - David M Cohen
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are listed in the supplemental material
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7
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Copeland K, Wehnelt S, Wange L, Anwald B, Weicht A, Pfeufer A. Outcomes of clinical testing for tumor BRAC1 and BRCA2 gene analysis for 354 patients: first experience with tumor companion diagnostic for PARP inhibitors. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw374.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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8
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Ortiz-Bonnin B, Rinné S, Moss R, Streit AK, Scharf M, Richter K, Stöber A, Pfeufer A, Seemann G, Kääb S, Beckmann BM, Decher N. Electrophysiological characterization of a large set of novel variants in the SCN5A-gene: identification of novel LQTS3 and BrS mutations. Pflugers Arch 2016; 468:1375-87. [PMID: 27287068 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SCN5A encodes for the α-subunit of the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5. Gain-of-function mutations in SCN5A are related to congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS3) characterized by delayed cardiac repolarization, leading to a prolonged QT interval in the ECG. Loss-of-function mutations in SCN5A are related to Brugada syndrome (BrS), characterized by an ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads (V1-V3). The aim of this study was the characterization of a large set of novel SCN5A variants found in patients with different cardiac phenotypes, mainly LQTS and BrS. SCN5A variants of 13 families were functionally characterized in Xenopus laevis oocytes using the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique. We found in most of the cases, but not all, that the electrophysiology of the variants correlated with the clinically diagnosed phenotype. A susceptibility to develop LQTS can be suggested in patients carrying the variants S216L, K480N, A572D, F816Y, and G983D. However, taking the phenotype into account, the presence of the variants in genomic data bases, the mutational segregation, combined with our in vitro and in silico experiments, the variants S216L, S262G, K480N, A572D, F816Y, G983D, and T1526P remain as variants of unknown significance. However, the SCN5A variants R568H and A993T can be classified as pathogenic LQTS3 causing mutations, while R222stop and R2012H are novel BrS causing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ortiz-Bonnin
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstraße 1-2, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Rinné
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstraße 1-2, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Robin Moss
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Centre Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne K Streit
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstraße 1-2, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Scharf
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstraße 1-2, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Richter
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstraße 1-2, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anika Stöber
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstraße 1-2, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Institut für Humangenetik, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Gunnar Seemann
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Centre Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University-Campus Innenstadt and Großhadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Britt-Maria Beckmann
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University-Campus Innenstadt and Großhadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Niels Decher
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Deutschhausstraße 1-2, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
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9
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Fard D, Läer K, Rothämel T, Schürmann P, Arnold M, Cohen M, Vennemann M, Pfeiffer H, Bajanowski T, Pfeufer A, Dörk T, Klintschar M. Candidate gene variants of the immune system and sudden infant death syndrome. Int J Legal Med 2016; 130:1025-1033. [PMID: 26975745 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-016-1347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) causes early infant death with an incidence between 0.5 and 2.5 cases among 1000 live births. Besides central sleep apnea and thermal dysregulation, infections have been repeatedly suggested to be implicated in SIDS etiology. METHODS To test the risk contribution of common genetic variants related to infection, we genotyped 40 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 15 candidate genes for association with SIDS in a total of 579 cases and 1124 controls from Germany and the UK in a two-stage case control design. RESULTS The discovery-stage series (267 SIDS cases and 303 controls) revealed nominally significant associations for variants in interleukin 6 (IL6) (rs1880243), interleukin 10 (IL10) (rs1800871, rs1800872), and mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) (rs930506), and for several other variants in subgroups. Meta-analyses were then performed in adding genotype information from a genome-wide association study of another 312 European SIDS cases and 821 controls. Overall associations were observed for two independent variants in MBL2: rs930506 in a co-dominant model (odds ratio (OR) = 0.82, p = 0.04) and rs1838065 in a dominant model (OR = 1.27, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Our study did not replicate published associations of IL10 variants with SIDS. However, the evidence for two independent MBL2 variants in the combined analysis of two large series seems consistent with the hypothesis that infection may play a role in SIDS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delnaz Fard
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Läer
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Rothämel
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Schürmann
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marta Cohen
- Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TH, UK
| | - Mechtild Vennemann
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Universität Münster, Roentgenstr. 23, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Heidi Pfeiffer
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Universität Münster, Roentgenstr. 23, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Bajanowski
- Institut of Legal Medicine, Universität Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Klintschar
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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10
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Butzke B, Oduncu FS, Severin F, Pfeufer A, Heinemann V, Giessen-Jung C, Stollenwerk B, Rogowski WH. The cost-effectiveness of UGT1A1 genotyping before colorectal cancer treatment with irinotecan from the perspective of the German statutory health insurance. Acta Oncol 2015; 55:318-28. [PMID: 26098842 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2015.1053983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence concerning the cost-effectiveness of UGT1A1*28 genotyping is ambiguous and does not allow drawing valid conclusions for Germany. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of UGT1A1 genotyping in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer undergoing irinotecan-based chemotherapy compared to no testing from the perspective of the German statutory health insurance. MATERIAL AND METHODS A decision-analytic Markov model with a life time horizon was developed. No testing was compared to two genotype-dependent therapy strategies: 1) dose reduction by 25%; and 2) administration of a prophylactic G-CSF growth factor analog for homozygous and heterozygous patients. Probability, quality of life and cost parameters used in this study were based on published literature. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to account for parameter uncertainties. RESULTS Strategy 1 dominated all remaining strategies. Compared to no testing, it resulted in only marginal QALY increases (0.0002) but a cost reduction of €580 per patient. Strategy 2 resulted in the same health gains but increased costs by €10 773. In the probabilistic analysis, genotyping and dose reduction was the optimal strategy in approximately 100% of simulations at a threshold of €50 000 per QALY. Deterministic sensitivity analysis shows that uncertainty for this strategy originated primarily from costs for irinotecan-based chemotherapy, from the prevalence of neutropenia among heterozygous patients, and from whether dose reduction is applied to both homozygotes and heterozygotes or only to the former. CONCLUSION This model-based synthesis of the most recent evidence suggests that pharmacogenetic UGT1A1 testing prior to irinotecan-based chemotherapy dominates non-personalized colon cancer care in Germany. However, as structural uncertainty remains high, these results require validation in clinical practice, e.g. based on a managed-entry agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Butzke
- Institute for Health Economics and Healthcare Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fuat S. Oduncu
- Division Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Severin
- Institute for Health Economics and Healthcare Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Volker Heinemann
- Department of Medical Oncology, Klinikum Grosshadern and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Clemens Giessen-Jung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Klinikum Grosshadern and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Björn Stollenwerk
- Institute for Health Economics and Healthcare Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolf H. Rogowski
- Institute for Health Economics and Healthcare Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Munich, Germany
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11
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Kolder ICRM, Tanck MWT, Postema PG, Barc J, Sinner MF, Zumhagen S, Husemann A, Stallmeyer B, Koopmann TT, Hofman N, Pfeufer A, Lichtner P, Meitinger T, Beckmann BM, Myerburg RJ, Bishopric NH, Roden DM, Kääb S, Wilde AAM, Schott JJ, Schulze-Bahr E, Bezzina CR. Analysis for Genetic Modifiers of Disease Severity in Patients With Long-QT Syndrome Type 2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:447-456. [PMID: 25737393 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considerable interest exists in the identification of genetic modifiers of disease severity in the long-QT syndrome (LQTS) as their identification may contribute to refinement of risk stratification. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that modulate the corrected QT (QTc)-interval and the occurrence of cardiac events in 639 patients harboring different mutations in KCNH2. We analyzed 1201 SNPs in and around 18 candidate genes, and in another approach investigated 22 independent SNPs previously identified as modulators of QTc-interval in genome-wide association studies in the general population. In an analysis for quantitative effects on the QTc-interval, 3 independent SNPs at NOS1AP (rs10494366, P=9.5×10(-8); rs12143842, P=4.8×10(-7); and rs2880058, P=8.6×10(-7)) were strongly associated with the QTc-interval with marked effects (>12 ms/allele). Analysis of patients versus general population controls uncovered enrichment of QTc-prolonging alleles in patients for 2 SNPs, located respectively at NOS1AP (rs12029454; odds ratio, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-2.59; P=3×10(-4)) and KCNQ1 (rs12576239; odds ratio, 1.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-2.60; P=5×10(-4)). An analysis of the cumulative effect of the 6 NOS1AP SNPs by means of a multilocus genetic risk score (GRS(NOS1AP)) uncovered a strong linear relationship between GRS(NOS1AP) and the QTc-interval (P=4.2×10(-7)). Furthermore, patients with a GRS(NOS1AP) in the lowest quartile had a lower relative risk of cardiac events compared with patients in the other quartiles combined (P=0.039). CONCLUSIONS We uncovered unexpectedly large effects of NOS1AP SNPs on the QTc-interval and a trend for effects on risk of cardiac events. For the first time, we linked common genetic variation at KCNQ1 with risk of long-QT syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris C R M Kolder
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Michael W T Tanck
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Pieter G Postema
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Julien Barc
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Sven Zumhagen
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Anja Husemann
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Birgit Stallmeyer
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Tamara T Koopmann
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Nynke Hofman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Britt M Beckmann
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Robert J Myerburg
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Nanette H Bishopric
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Dan M Roden
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Jean-Jacques Schott
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Eric Schulze-Bahr
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology (I.C.R.M.K., P.G.P., J.B., T.T.K., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (I.C.R.M.K., M.W.T.T.), and Department of Clinical Genetics (N.H.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ICIN (Netherlands Heart Institute) (J.B., A.A.M.W., C.R.B.), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1087, L'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6291, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Université de Nantes, Nantes, France (J.B., J.-J.S.); Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern and Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (M.F.S., B.M.B., S.K.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (S.K.T.M.); Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the University of Münster, Münster, Germany (S.Z., A.H., B.S., E.S.-B.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (A.P.), and Institute of Human Genetics (A.P., P.L., T.M.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (A.P., P.L., T.M.); Department of Medicine (R.J.M., N.H.B.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (R.J.M., N.H.B.), and Hussmann Institute of Human Genomics (R.J.M., N.H.B.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (D.M.R.); Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (A.A.M.W.); and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, L'Institut du Thorax, Service de Cardiologie, Nantes, France (J.-J.S.)
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Arnold M, Raffler J, Pfeufer A, Suhre K, Kastenmüller G. SNiPA: an interactive, genetic variant-centered annotation browser. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 31:1334-6. [PMID: 25431330 PMCID: PMC4393511 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Motivation: Linking genes and functional information to genetic variants identified by association studies remains difficult. Resources containing extensive genomic annotations are available but often not fully utilized due to heterogeneous data formats. To enhance their accessibility, we integrated many annotation datasets into a user-friendly webserver. Availability and implementation:http://www.snipa.org/ Contact:g.kastenmueller@helmholtz-muenchen.de Supplementary information:Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Johannes Raffler
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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13
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Butzke B, Oduncu F, Heinemann V, Pfeufer A, Giessen C, Stollenwerk B, Rogowski W. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Ugt1a1 Genotyping Before Colorectal Cancer Treatment with Irinotecan. Value Health 2014; 17:A643. [PMID: 27202308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.2326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Butzke
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - F Oduncu
- Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - V Heinemann
- Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - A Pfeufer
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - C Giessen
- Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - W Rogowski
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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14
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Ganesh S, Chasman D, Larson M, Guo X, Verwoert G, Bis J, Gu X, Smith A, Yang ML, Zhang Y, Ehret G, Rose L, Hwang SJ, Papanicolau G, Sijbrands E, Rice K, Eiriksdottir G, Pihur V, Ridker P, Vasan R, Newton-Cheh C, Raffel LJ, Amin N, Rotter JI, Liu K, Launer LJ, Xu M, Caulfield M, Morrison AC, Johnson AD, Vaidya D, Dehghan A, Li G, Bouchard C, Harris TB, Zhang H, Boerwinkle E, Siscovick DS, Gao W, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, Hofman A, Willer CJ, Franco OH, Huo Y, Witteman JC, Munroe PB, Gudnason V, Palmas W, van Duijn C, Fornage M, Levy D, Psaty BM, Chakravarti A, Newton-Cheh C, Johnson T, Gateva V, Tobin M, Bochud M, Coin L, Najjar S, Zhao J, Heath S, Eyheramendy S, Papadakis K, Voight B, Scott L, Zhang F, Farrall M, Tanaka T, Wallace C, Chambers J, Khaw KT, Nilsson P, van der Harst P, Polidoro S, Grobbee D, Onland-Moret N, Bots M, Wain L, Elliott K, Teumer A, Luan J, Lucas G, Kuusisto J, Burton P, Hadley D, McArdle W, Brown M, Dominiczak A, Newhouse S, Samani N, Webster J, Zeggini E, Beckmann J, Bergmann S, Lim N, Song K, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Waterworth D, Yuan X, Groop L, Orho-Melander M, Allione A, Di Gregorio A, Guarrera S, Panico S, Ricceri F, Romanazzi V, Sacerdote C, Vineis P, Barroso I, Sandhu M, Luben R, Crawford G, Jousilahti P, Perola M, Boehnke M, Bonnycastle L, Collins F, Jackson A, Mohlke K, Stringham H, Valle T, Willer C, Bergman R, Morken M, Döring A, Gieger C, Illig T, Meitinger T, Org E, Pfeufer A, Wichmann H, Kathiresan S, Marrugat J, O’Donnell C, Schwartz S, Siscovick D, Subirana I, Freimer N, Hartikainen AL, McCarthy M, O’Reilly P, Peltonen L, Pouta A, de Jong P, Snieder H, van Gilst W, Clarke R, Goel A, Hamsten A, Peden J, Seedorf U, Syvänen AC, Tognoni G, Lakatta E, Sanna S, Scheet P, Schlessinger D, Scuteri A, Dörr M, Ernst F, Felix S, Homuth G, Lorbeer R, Reffelmann T, Rettig R, Völker U, Galan P, Gut I, Hercberg S, Lathrop G, Zeleneka D, Deloukas P, Soranzo N, Williams F, Zhai G, Salomaa V, Laakso M, Elosua R, Forouhi N, Völzke H, Uiterwaal C, van der Schouw Y, Numans M, Matullo G, Navis G, Berglund G, Bingham S, Kooner J, Paterson A, Connell J, Bandinelli S, Ferrucci L, Watkins H, Spector T, Tuomilehto J, Altshuler D, Strachan D, Laan M, Meneton P, Wareham N, Uda M, Jarvelin MR, Mooser V, Melander O, Loos R, Elliott P, Abecasis G, Caulfield M, Munroe P. Effects of long-term averaging of quantitative blood pressure traits on the detection of genetic associations. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 95:49-65. [PMID: 24975945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) is a heritable, quantitative trait with intraindividual variability and susceptibility to measurement error. Genetic studies of BP generally use single-visit measurements and thus cannot remove variability occurring over months or years. We leveraged the idea that averaging BP measured across time would improve phenotypic accuracy and thereby increase statistical power to detect genetic associations. We studied systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP) averaged over multiple years in 46,629 individuals of European ancestry. We identified 39 trait-variant associations across 19 independent loci (p < 5 × 10(-8)); five associations (in four loci) uniquely identified by our LTA analyses included those of SBP and MAP at 2p23 (rs1275988, near KCNK3), DBP at 2q11.2 (rs7599598, in FER1L5), and PP at 6p21 (rs10948071, near CRIP3) and 7p13 (rs2949837, near IGFBP3). Replication analyses conducted in cohorts with single-visit BP data showed positive replication of associations and a nominal association (p < 0.05). We estimated a 20% gain in statistical power with long-term average (LTA) as compared to single-visit BP association studies. Using LTA analysis, we identified genetic loci influencing BP. LTA might be one way of increasing the power of genetic associations for continuous traits in extant samples for other phenotypes that are measured serially over time.
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Arking DE, Pulit SL, Crotti L, van der Harst P, Munroe PB, Koopmann TT, Sotoodehnia N, Rossin EJ, Morley M, Wang X, Johnson AD, Lundby A, Gudbjartsson DF, Noseworthy PA, Eijgelsheim M, Bradford Y, Tarasov KV, Dörr M, Müller-Nurasyid M, Lahtinen AM, Nolte IM, Smith AV, Bis JC, Isaacs A, Newhouse SJ, Evans DS, Post WS, Waggott D, Lyytikäinen LP, Hicks AA, Eisele L, Ellinghaus D, Hayward C, Navarro P, Ulivi S, Tanaka T, Tester DJ, Chatel S, Gustafsson S, Kumari M, Morris RW, Naluai ÅT, Padmanabhan S, Kluttig A, Strohmer B, Panayiotou AG, Torres M, Knoflach M, Hubacek JA, Slowikowski K, Raychaudhuri S, Kumar RD, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Shuldiner AR, Alonso A, Bader JS, Ehret G, Huang H, Kao WHL, Strait JB, Macfarlane PW, Brown M, Caulfield MJ, Samani NJ, Kronenberg F, Willeit J, Smith JG, Greiser KH, Meyer Zu Schwabedissen H, Werdan K, Carella M, Zelante L, Heckbert SR, Psaty BM, Rotter JI, Kolcic I, Polašek O, Wright AF, Griffin M, Daly MJ, Arnar DO, Hólm H, Thorsteinsdottir U, Denny JC, Roden DM, Zuvich RL, Emilsson V, Plump AS, Larson MG, O'Donnell CJ, Yin X, Bobbo M, D'Adamo AP, Iorio A, Sinagra G, Carracedo A, Cummings SR, Nalls MA, Jula A, Kontula KK, Marjamaa A, Oikarinen L, Perola M, Porthan K, Erbel R, Hoffmann P, Jöckel KH, Kälsch H, Nöthen MM, den Hoed M, Loos RJF, Thelle DS, Gieger C, Meitinger T, Perz S, Peters A, Prucha H, Sinner MF, Waldenberger M, de Boer RA, Franke L, van der Vleuten PA, Beckmann BM, Martens E, Bardai A, Hofman N, Wilde AAM, Behr ER, Dalageorgou C, Giudicessi JR, Medeiros-Domingo A, Barc J, Kyndt F, Probst V, Ghidoni A, Insolia R, Hamilton RM, Scherer SW, Brandimarto J, Margulies K, Moravec CE, del Greco M F, Fuchsberger C, O'Connell JR, Lee WK, Watt GCM, Campbell H, Wild SH, El Mokhtari NE, Frey N, Asselbergs FW, Mateo Leach I, Navis G, van den Berg MP, van Veldhuisen DJ, Kellis M, Krijthe BP, Franco OH, Hofman A, Kors JA, Uitterlinden AG, Witteman JCM, Kedenko L, Lamina C, Oostra BA, Abecasis GR, Lakatta EG, Mulas A, Orrú M, Schlessinger D, Uda M, Markus MRP, Völker U, Snieder H, Spector TD, Ärnlöv J, Lind L, Sundström J, Syvänen AC, Kivimaki M, Kähönen M, Mononen N, Raitakari OT, Viikari JS, Adamkova V, Kiechl S, Brion M, Nicolaides AN, Paulweber B, Haerting J, Dominiczak AF, Nyberg F, Whincup PH, Hingorani AD, Schott JJ, Bezzina CR, Ingelsson E, Ferrucci L, Gasparini P, Wilson JF, Rudan I, Franke A, Mühleisen TW, Pramstaller PP, Lehtimäki TJ, Paterson AD, Parsa A, Liu Y, van Duijn CM, Siscovick DS, Gudnason V, Jamshidi Y, Salomaa V, Felix SB, Sanna S, Ritchie MD, Stricker BH, Stefansson K, Boyer LA, Cappola TP, Olsen JV, Lage K, Schwartz PJ, Kääb S, Chakravarti A, Ackerman MJ, Pfeufer A, de Bakker PIW, Newton-Cheh C. Genetic association study of QT interval highlights role for calcium signaling pathways in myocardial repolarization. Nat Genet 2014; 46:826-36. [PMID: 24952745 PMCID: PMC4124521 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The QT interval, an electrocardiographic measure reflecting myocardial repolarization, is a heritable trait. QT prolongation is a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) and could indicate the presence of the potentially lethal Mendelian Long QT Syndrome (LQTS). Using a genome-wide association and replication study in up to 100,000 individuals we identified 35 common variant QT interval loci, that collectively explain ∼8-10% of QT variation and highlight the importance of calcium regulation in myocardial repolarization. Rare variant analysis of 6 novel QT loci in 298 unrelated LQTS probands identified coding variants not found in controls but of uncertain causality and therefore requiring validation. Several newly identified loci encode for proteins that physically interact with other recognized repolarization proteins. Our integration of common variant association, expression and orthogonal protein-protein interaction screens provides new insights into cardiac electrophysiology and identifies novel candidate genes for ventricular arrhythmias, LQTS,and SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan E Arking
- 1] Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. [2]
| | - Sara L Pulit
- 1] Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [4]
| | - Lia Crotti
- 1] Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [2] Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy. [3] Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pim van der Harst
- 1] Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. [2] Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- 1] Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. [2] Barts and the London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tamara T Koopmann
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- 1] Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Cardiology Division, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Rossin
- 1] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Morley
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xinchen Wang
- 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alicia Lundby
- 1] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. [3] The Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter A Noseworthy
- 1] Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark Eijgelsheim
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yuki Bradford
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kirill V Tarasov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, Human Cardiovascular Studies Unit, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marcus Dörr
- 1] Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. [2] DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- 1] Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany. [2] Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany. [3] Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. [4] Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany. [5] DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Annukka M Lahtinen
- 1] Research Programs Unit, Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. [2] Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- 1] Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland. [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen J Newhouse
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- 1] Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. [2] Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daryl Waggott
- Informatics and Biocomputing Platform, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany)
| | - Lewin Eisele
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pau Navarro
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sheila Ulivi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, "Burlo Garofolo" Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David J Tester
- 1] Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. [2] Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stéphanie Chatel
- 1] Institut du Thorax, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France. [2] Institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR 6291, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- 1] Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. [2] Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Meena Kumari
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard W Morris
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Åsa T Naluai
- 1] Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. [2] Biobanking and Molecular Resource Infrastructure of Sweden (BBMRI), Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Bernhard Strohmer
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andrie G Panayiotou
- 1] Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health in association with the Harvard School of Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus. [2] Cyprus Cardiovascular and Educational Research Trust, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Torres
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Nacional de Genotipado, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Michael Knoflach
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jaroslav A Hubacek
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Slowikowski
- 1] Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Harvard Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- 1] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Partners HealthCare Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [4] Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [5] Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Runjun D Kumar
- 1] Computational and Systems Biology Program, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. [2] Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- 1] Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. [2] Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. [3] Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joel S Bader
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Georg Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hailiang Huang
- 1] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - W H Linda Kao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - James B Strait
- 1] Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, Human Cardiovascular Studies Unit, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. [2] Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter W Macfarlane
- Electrocardiology, University of Glasgow Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Morris Brown
- Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johann Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - J Gustav Smith
- 1] Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [4] Department of Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin H Greiser
- 1] Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany. [2] Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Karl Werdan
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Massimo Carella
- Medical Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Zelante
- Medical Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- 1] Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- 1] Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [3] Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [4] Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, USA. [5] Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Alan F Wright
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maura Griffin
- Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre, London, UK
| | - Mark J Daly
- 1] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - David O Arnar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | - Joshua C Denny
- 1] Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. [2] Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Dan M Roden
- 1] Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. [2] Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. [3] Office of Personalized Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rebecca L Zuvich
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | - Martin G Larson
- 1] National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- 1] National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Yin
- 1] National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marco Bobbo
- Cardiovascular Department, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Adamo P D'Adamo
- 1] Institute for Maternal and Child Health, "Burlo Garofolo" Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [2] Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Annamaria Iorio
- Cardiovascular Department, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiovascular Department, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Angel Carracedo
- 1] Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Nacional de Genotipado, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. [2] Fundación Publica Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Servicio Galego de Saude, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. [3] Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steven R Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Antti Jula
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kimmo K Kontula
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annukka Marjamaa
- 1] Research Programs Unit, Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. [2] Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lasse Oikarinen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- 1] Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. [2] Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. [3] Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kimmo Porthan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raimund Erbel
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- 1] Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. [2] Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. [3] Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. [4] Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hagen Kälsch
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- 1] Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. [2] Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Marcel den Hoed
- 1] Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. [2] MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- 1] MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK. [2] Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. [3] Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dag S Thelle
- 1] Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. [2] Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- 1] DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. [2] Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. [3] Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Siegfried Perz
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- 1] DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. [2] Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Prucha
- 1] Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy and Education, Munich, Germany. [2] Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter A van der Vleuten
- 1] Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. [2] Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Britt Maria Beckmann
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Eimo Martens
- 1] Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany. [2] Department of Medicine, Hospital of Friedberg, Friedberg, Germany
| | - Abdennasser Bardai
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke Hofman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- 1] Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [2] Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elijah R Behr
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | | | - John R Giudicessi
- Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Argelia Medeiros-Domingo
- Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Julien Barc
- Institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR 6291, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Florence Kyndt
- 1] Institut du Thorax, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France. [2] Institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR 6291, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Vincent Probst
- 1] Institut du Thorax, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France. [2] Institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR 6291, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alice Ghidoni
- 1] Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [2] Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Insolia
- 1] Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [2] Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Robert M Hamilton
- 1] The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. [2] Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Brandimarto
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kenneth Margulies
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christine E Moravec
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fabiola del Greco M
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany)
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- 1] Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. [2] Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Wai K Lee
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Graham C M Watt
- General Practice and Primary Care, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nour E El Mokhtari
- Biobank PopGen, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- 1] Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of The Netherlands-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [2] Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [3] Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten P van den Berg
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manolis Kellis
- 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bouwe P Krijthe
- 1] Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. [2] Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- 1] Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. [2] Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- 1] Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. [2] Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A Kors
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- 1] Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. [2] Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands. [3] Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline C M Witteman
- 1] Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. [2] Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lyudmyla Kedenko
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ben A Oostra
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, Human Cardiovascular Studies Unit, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonella Mulas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Orrú
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - David Schlessinger
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Manuela Uda
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marcello R P Markus
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- 1] DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. [2] Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- 1] Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. [2] School of Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- 1] Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. [2] Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma S Viikari
- Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Vera Adamkova
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria Brion
- 1] Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Nacional de Genotipado, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. [2] Xenética de Enfermidades Cardiovasculares e Oftalmolóxicas, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio Galego de Saude, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrew N Nicolaides
- 1] Cyprus Cardiovascular and Educational Research Trust, Nicosia, Cyprus. [2] Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre, London, UK
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johannes Haerting
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Anna F Dominiczak
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fredrik Nyberg
- 1] Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. [2] Global Epidemiology, AstraZeneca Research and Development, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Peter H Whincup
- Division of Population Health Sciences and Education, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jean-Jacques Schott
- 1] Institut du Thorax, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France. [2] Institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR 6291, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- 1] Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. [2] Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- 1] Institute for Maternal and Child Health, "Burlo Garofolo" Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [2] Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas W Mühleisen
- 1] Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. [2] Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. [3] Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organization of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- 1] Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany). [2] Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany. [3] Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Terho J Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Afshin Parsa
- 1] Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. [2] Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - David S Siscovick
- 1] Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. [3] Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- 1] Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland. [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- Human Genetics Research Centre, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephan B Felix
- 1] Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. [2] DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Center for Systems Genomics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bruno H Stricker
- 1] Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. [2] Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands. [3] Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. [4] Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. [5] Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Kari Stefansson
- 1] deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland. [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Laurie A Boyer
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas P Cappola
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jesper V Olsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Lage
- 1] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. [4] Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark. [5] Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter J Schwartz
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefan Kääb
- 1] Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany. [2] DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- 1] Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. [2] Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. [3] Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. [4]
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- 1] Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany). [2] Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. [3] Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany. [4]
| | - Paul I W de Bakker
- 1] Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [2] Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [3]
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- 1] Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [4] Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [5]
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16
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Kapoor A, Sekar R, Hansen N, Fox-Talbot K, Morley M, Pihur V, Chatterjee S, Brandimarto J, Moravec C, Pulit S, Pfeufer A, Mullikin J, Ross M, Green E, Bentley D, Newton-Cheh C, Boerwinkle E, Tomaselli G, Cappola T, Arking D, Halushka M, Chakravarti A, Chakravarti A. An enhancer polymorphism at the cardiomyocyte intercalated disc protein NOS1AP locus is a major regulator of the QT interval. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 94:854-69. [PMID: 24857694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
QT interval variation is assumed to arise from variation in repolarization as evidenced from rare Na- and K-channel mutations in Mendelian QT prolongation syndromes. However, in the general population, common noncoding variants at a chromosome 1q locus are the most common genetic regulators of QT interval variation. In this study, we use multiple human genetic, molecular genetic, and cellular assays to identify a functional variant underlying trait association: a noncoding polymorphism (rs7539120) that maps within an enhancer of NOS1AP and affects cardiac function by increasing NOS1AP transcript expression. We further localized NOS1AP to cardiomyocyte intercalated discs (IDs) and demonstrate that overexpression of NOS1AP in cardiomyocytes leads to altered cellular electrophysiology. We advance the hypothesis that NOS1AP affects cardiac electrical conductance and coupling and thereby regulates the QT interval through propagation defects. As further evidence of an important role for propagation variation affecting QT interval in humans, we show that common polymorphisms mapping near a specific set of 170 genes encoding ID proteins are significantly enriched for association with the QT interval, as compared to genome-wide markers. These results suggest that focused studies of proteins within the cardiomyocyte ID are likely to provide insights into QT prolongation and its associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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17
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Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) erlaubt die Untersuchung des kompletten Exoms oder Genoms eines Patienten mit vertretbarem zeitlichem und finanziellem Aufwand. Dieser diagnostische Quantensprung hat neben rechtlichen, ethischen und ökonomischen Aspekten auch vielfältige Auswirkungen auf die Patientenversorgung. Die weitgehende Einführung des NGS in die Routinediagnostik steht momentan jedoch noch vor vielen Hürden. Insbesondere ist zu erwarten, dass mittels NGS eine Vielzahl seltener Varianten bei einem Patienten entdeckt wird, die nach derzeitigem Wissensstand klinisch nicht hinreichend klar interpretierbar sind. Als einen ersten Schritt zur Lösung dieses Problems wird das Konzept einer Datenbank vorgestellt, die systematisch genotypische und phänotypische Informationen aus dem Versorgungskontext in Deutschland integrieren soll. Die so entstehende Ressource wäre nicht nur von großem wissenschaftlichem Interesse. Sie böte vordringlich den klinisch tätigen Humangenetikern die notwendige Evidenzbasis für eine zuverlässige Bewertung ihrer patientenbezogenen Sequenzierungsdaten.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Bettecken
- Aff1 grid.419548.5 0000000094975095 Max-Planck-Institut für Psychiatrie Kraepelinstr. 2–10 80804 München Deutschland
| | - A. Pfeufer
- Aff2 grid.4567.0 0000000404832525 Institut für Bioinformatik und Systembiologie Helmholtz-Zentrum München Deutschland
- Aff3 grid.461735.2 0000 0004 0436 7803 Praxis für Humangenetik Isar Medizin Zentrum München Deutschland
- Aff4 Myriad GmbH Martinsried Deutschland
| | - R. Sudbrak
- Aff5 grid.419538.2 0000000090710620 Abteilung Analyse des Vertebratengenoms Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik Berlin Deutschland
- Aff6 grid.473915.d Alacris Theranostics GmbH Berlin Deutschland
| | - R. Siddiqui
- Aff7 TMF - Technologie- und Methodenplattform für die vernetzte medizinische Forschung e. V. Berlin Deutschland
| | - A. Franke
- Aff8 grid.9764.c 0000000121539986 Institut für Klinische Molekularbiologie Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Kiel Deutschland
| | - T.F. Wienker
- Aff9 grid.419538.2 0000000090710620 Abteilung Molekulare Humangenetik Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik Berlin Deutschland
| | - M. Krawczak
- Aff7 TMF - Technologie- und Methodenplattform für die vernetzte medizinische Forschung e. V. Berlin Deutschland
- Aff10 grid.9764.c 0000000121539986 Institut für Medizinische Informatik und Statistik Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Kiel Deutschland
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18
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Minelli C, De Grandi A, Weichenberger CX, Gögele M, Modenese M, Attia J, Barrett JH, Boehnke M, Borsani G, Casari G, Fox CS, Freina T, Hicks AA, Marroni F, Parmigiani G, Pastore A, Pattaro C, Pfeufer A, Ruggeri F, Schwienbacher C, Taliun D, Pramstaller PP, Domingues FS, Thompson JR. Importance of different types of prior knowledge in selecting genome-wide findings for follow-up. Genet Epidemiol 2013; 37:205-13. [PMID: 23307621 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biological plausibility and other prior information could help select genome-wide association (GWA) findings for further follow-up, but there is no consensus on which types of knowledge should be considered or how to weight them. We used experts' opinions and empirical evidence to estimate the relative importance of 15 types of information at the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and gene levels. Opinions were elicited from 10 experts using a two-round Delphi survey. Empirical evidence was obtained by comparing the frequency of each type of characteristic in SNPs established as being associated with seven disease traits through GWA meta-analysis and independent replication, with the corresponding frequency in a randomly selected set of SNPs. SNP and gene characteristics were retrieved using a specially developed bioinformatics tool. Both the expert and the empirical evidence rated previous association in a meta-analysis or more than one study as conferring the highest relative probability of true association, whereas previous association in a single study ranked much lower. High relative probabilities were also observed for location in a functional protein domain, although location in a region evolutionarily conserved in vertebrates was ranked high by the data but not by the experts. Our empirical evidence did not support the importance attributed by the experts to whether the gene encodes a protein in a pathway or shows interactions relevant to the trait. Our findings provide insight into the selection and weighting of different types of knowledge in SNP or gene prioritization, and point to areas requiring further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosetta Minelli
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy.
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19
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Meder B, Rühle F, Weis T, Homuth G, Keller A, Franke J, Peil B, Lorenzo Bermejo J, Frese K, Huge A, Witten A, Vogel B, Haas J, Völker U, Ernst F, Teumer A, Ehlermann P, Zugck C, Friedrichs F, Kroemer H, Dörr M, Hoffmann W, Maisch B, Pankuweit S, Ruppert V, Scheffold T, Kühl U, Schultheiss HP, Kreutz R, Ertl G, Angermann C, Charron P, Villard E, Gary F, Isnard R, Komajda M, Lutz M, Meitinger T, Sinner MF, Wichmann HE, Krawczak M, Ivandic B, Weichenhan D, Gelbrich G, El-Mokhtari NE, Schreiber S, Felix SB, Hasenfuß G, Pfeufer A, Hübner N, Kääb S, Arbustini E, Rottbauer W, Frey N, Stoll M, Katus HA. A genome-wide association study identifies 6p21 as novel risk locus for dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2013; 35:1069-77. [PMID: 23853074 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the leading causes for cardiac transplantations and accounts for up to one-third of all heart failure cases. Since extrinsic and monogenic causes explain only a fraction of all cases, common genetic variants are suspected to contribute to the pathogenesis of DCM, its age of onset, and clinical progression. By a large-scale case-control genome-wide association study we aimed here to identify novel genetic risk loci for DCM. METHODS AND RESULTS Applying a three-staged study design, we analysed more than 4100 DCM cases and 7600 controls. We identified and successfully replicated multiple single nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 6p21. In the combined analysis, the most significant association signal was obtained for rs9262636 (P = 4.90 × 10(-9)) located in HCG22, which could again be replicated in an independent cohort. Taking advantage of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) as molecular phenotypes, we identified rs9262636 as an eQTL for several closely located genes encoding class I and class II major histocompatibility complex heavy chain receptors. CONCLUSION The present study reveals a novel genetic susceptibility locus that clearly underlines the role of genetically driven, inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of idiopathic DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Meder
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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den Hoed M, Eijgelsheim M, Esko T, Brundel BJJM, Peal DS, Evans DM, Nolte IM, Segrè AV, Holm H, Handsaker RE, Westra HJ, Johnson T, Isaacs A, Yang J, Lundby A, Zhao JH, Kim YJ, Go MJ, Almgren P, Bochud M, Boucher G, Cornelis MC, Gudbjartsson D, Hadley D, van der Harst P, Hayward C, den Heijer M, Igl W, Jackson AU, Kutalik Z, Luan J, Kemp JP, Kristiansson K, Ladenvall C, Lorentzon M, Montasser ME, Njajou OT, O'Reilly PF, Padmanabhan S, St Pourcain B, Rankinen T, Salo P, Tanaka T, Timpson NJ, Vitart V, Waite L, Wheeler W, Zhang W, Draisma HHM, Feitosa MF, Kerr KF, Lind PA, Mihailov E, Onland-Moret NC, Song C, Weedon MN, Xie W, Yengo L, Absher D, Albert CM, Alonso A, Arking DE, de Bakker PIW, Balkau B, Barlassina C, Benaglio P, Bis JC, Bouatia-Naji N, Brage S, Chanock SJ, Chines PS, Chung M, Darbar D, Dina C, Dörr M, Elliott P, Felix SB, Fischer K, Fuchsberger C, de Geus EJC, Goyette P, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Hartikainen AL, Havulinna AS, Heckbert SR, Hicks AA, Hofman A, Holewijn S, Hoogstra-Berends F, Hottenga JJ, Jensen MK, Johansson A, Junttila J, Kääb S, Kanon B, Ketkar S, Khaw KT, Knowles JW, Kooner AS, Kors JA, Kumari M, Milani L, Laiho P, Lakatta EG, Langenberg C, Leusink M, Liu Y, Luben RN, Lunetta KL, Lynch SN, Markus MRP, Marques-Vidal P, Mateo Leach I, McArdle WL, McCarroll SA, Medland SE, Miller KA, Montgomery GW, Morrison AC, Müller-Nurasyid M, Navarro P, Nelis M, O'Connell JR, O'Donnell CJ, Ong KK, Newman AB, Peters A, Polasek O, Pouta A, Pramstaller PP, Psaty BM, Rao DC, Ring SM, Rossin EJ, Rudan D, Sanna S, Scott RA, Sehmi JS, Sharp S, Shin JT, Singleton AB, Smith AV, Soranzo N, Spector TD, Stewart C, Stringham HM, Tarasov KV, Uitterlinden AG, Vandenput L, Hwang SJ, Whitfield JB, Wijmenga C, Wild SH, Willemsen G, Wilson JF, Witteman JCM, Wong A, Wong Q, Jamshidi Y, Zitting P, Boer JMA, Boomsma DI, Borecki IB, van Duijn CM, Ekelund U, Forouhi NG, Froguel P, Hingorani A, Ingelsson E, Kivimaki M, Kronmal RA, Kuh D, Lind L, Martin NG, Oostra BA, Pedersen NL, Quertermous T, Rotter JI, van der Schouw YT, Verschuren WMM, Walker M, Albanes D, Arnar DO, Assimes TL, Bandinelli S, Boehnke M, de Boer RA, Bouchard C, Caulfield WLM, Chambers JC, Curhan G, Cusi D, Eriksson J, Ferrucci L, van Gilst WH, Glorioso N, de Graaf J, Groop L, Gyllensten U, Hsueh WC, Hu FB, Huikuri HV, Hunter DJ, Iribarren C, Isomaa B, Jarvelin MR, Jula A, Kähönen M, Kiemeney LA, van der Klauw MM, Kooner JS, Kraft P, Iacoviello L, Lehtimäki T, Lokki MLL, Mitchell BD, Navis G, Nieminen MS, Ohlsson C, Poulter NR, Qi L, Raitakari OT, Rimm EB, Rioux JD, Rizzi F, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Sever PS, Shields DC, Shuldiner AR, Sinisalo J, Stanton AV, Stolk RP, Strachan DP, Tardif JC, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tuomilehto J, van Veldhuisen DJ, Virtamo J, Viikari J, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Widen E, Cho YS, Olsen JV, Visscher PM, Willer C, Franke L, Erdmann J, Thompson JR, Pfeufer A, Sotoodehnia N, Newton-Cheh C, Ellinor PT, Stricker BHC, Metspalu A, Perola M, Beckmann JS, Smith GD, Stefansson K, Wareham NJ, Munroe PB, Sibon OCM, Milan DJ, Snieder H, Samani NJ, Loos RJF. Identification of heart rate-associated loci and their effects on cardiac conduction and rhythm disorders. Nat Genet 2013; 45:621-31. [PMID: 23583979 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Elevated resting heart rate is associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. In a 2-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in up to 181,171 individuals, we identified 14 new loci associated with heart rate and confirmed associations with all 7 previously established loci. Experimental downregulation of gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster and Danio rerio identified 20 genes at 11 loci that are relevant for heart rate regulation and highlight a role for genes involved in signal transmission, embryonic cardiac development and the pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy, congenital heart failure and/or sudden cardiac death. In addition, genetic susceptibility to increased heart rate is associated with altered cardiac conduction and reduced risk of sick sinus syndrome, and both heart rate-increasing and heart rate-decreasing variants associate with risk of atrial fibrillation. Our findings provide fresh insights into the mechanisms regulating heart rate and identify new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel den Hoed
- Medical Research Council MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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21
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Thompson JR, Gögele M, Weichenberger CX, Modenese M, Attia J, Barrett JH, Boehnke M, De Grandi A, Domingues FS, Hicks AA, Marroni F, Pattaro C, Ruggeri F, Borsani G, Casari G, Parmigiani G, Pastore A, Pfeufer A, Schwienbacher C, Taliun D, Fox CS, Pramstaller PP, Minelli C. SNP prioritization using a Bayesian probability of association. Genet Epidemiol 2013; 37:214-21. [PMID: 23280596 PMCID: PMC3725584 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Prioritization is the process whereby a set of possible candidate genes or SNPs is ranked so that the most promising can be taken forward into further studies. In a genome-wide association study, prioritization is usually based on the P-values alone, but researchers sometimes take account of external annotation information about the SNPs such as whether the SNP lies close to a good candidate gene. Using external information in this way is inherently subjective and is often not formalized, making the analysis difficult to reproduce. Building on previous work that has identified 14 important types of external information, we present an approximate Bayesian analysis that produces an estimate of the probability of association. The calculation combines four sources of information: the genome-wide data, SNP information derived from bioinformatics databases, empirical SNP weights, and the researchers' subjective prior opinions. The calculation is fast enough that it can be applied to millions of SNPS and although it does rely on subjective judgments, those judgments are made explicit so that the final SNP selection can be reproduced. We show that the resulting probability of association is intuitively more appealing than the P-value because it is easier to interpret and it makes allowance for the power of the study. We illustrate the use of the probability of association for SNP prioritization by applying it to a meta-analysis of kidney function genome-wide association studies and demonstrate that SNP selection performs better using the probability of association compared with P-values alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
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22
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Arnold M, Hartsperger ML, Baurecht H, Rodríguez E, Wachinger B, Franke A, Kabesch M, Winkelmann J, Pfeufer A, Romanos M, Illig T, Mewes HW, Stümpflen V, Weidinger S. Network-based SNP meta-analysis identifies joint and disjoint genetic features across common human diseases. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:490. [PMID: 22988944 PMCID: PMC3782362 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided a large set of genetic loci influencing the risk for many common diseases. Association studies typically analyze one specific trait in single populations in an isolated fashion without taking into account the potential phenotypic and genetic correlation between traits. However, GWA data can be efficiently used to identify overlapping loci with analogous or contrasting effects on different diseases. RESULTS Here, we describe a new approach to systematically prioritize and interpret available GWA data. We focus on the analysis of joint and disjoint genetic determinants across diseases. Using network analysis, we show that variant-based approaches are superior to locus-based analyses. In addition, we provide a prioritization of disease loci based on network properties and discuss the roles of hub loci across several diseases. We demonstrate that, in general, agonistic associations appear to reflect current disease classifications, and present the potential use of effect sizes in refining and revising these agonistic signals. We further identify potential branching points in disease etiologies based on antagonistic variants and describe plausible small-scale models of the underlying molecular switches. CONCLUSIONS The observation that a surprisingly high fraction (>15%) of the SNPs considered in our study are associated both agonistically and antagonistically with related as well as unrelated disorders indicates that the molecular mechanisms influencing causes and progress of human diseases are in part interrelated. Genetic overlaps between two diseases also suggest the importance of the affected entities in the specific pathogenic pathways and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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23
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Voight BF, Kang HM, Ding J, Palmer CD, Sidore C, Chines PS, Burtt NP, Fuchsberger C, Li Y, Erdmann J, Frayling TM, Heid IM, Jackson AU, Johnson T, Kilpeläinen TO, Lindgren CM, Morris AP, Prokopenko I, Randall JC, Saxena R, Soranzo N, Speliotes EK, Teslovich TM, Wheeler E, Maguire J, Parkin M, Potter S, Rayner NW, Robertson N, Stirrups K, Winckler W, Sanna S, Mulas A, Nagaraja R, Cucca F, Barroso I, Deloukas P, Loos RJF, Kathiresan S, Munroe PB, Newton-Cheh C, Pfeufer A, Samani NJ, Schunkert H, Hirschhorn JN, Altshuler D, McCarthy MI, Abecasis GR, Boehnke M. The metabochip, a custom genotyping array for genetic studies of metabolic, cardiovascular, and anthropometric traits. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002793. [PMID: 22876189 PMCID: PMC3410907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of loci for type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction, as well as for related traits such as body mass index, glucose and insulin levels, lipid levels, and blood pressure. These studies also have pointed to thousands of loci with promising but not yet compelling association evidence. To establish association at additional loci and to characterize the genome-wide significant loci by fine-mapping, we designed the "Metabochip," a custom genotyping array that assays nearly 200,000 SNP markers. Here, we describe the Metabochip and its component SNP sets, evaluate its performance in capturing variation across the allele-frequency spectrum, describe solutions to methodological challenges commonly encountered in its analysis, and evaluate its performance as a platform for genotype imputation. The metabochip achieves dramatic cost efficiencies compared to designing single-trait follow-up reagents, and provides the opportunity to compare results across a range of related traits. The metabochip and similar custom genotyping arrays offer a powerful and cost-effective approach to follow-up large-scale genotyping and sequencing studies and advance our understanding of the genetic basis of complex human diseases and traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F. Voight
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Hyun Min Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jun Ding
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cameron D. Palmer
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Carlo Sidore
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Peter S. Chines
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Noël P. Burtt
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yanming Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Universität zu Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II, and Nordic Center of Cardiovascular Research, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Timothy M. Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Iris M. Heid
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Toby Johnson
- Clinical Pharmacology and Barts and the London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia M. Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua C. Randall
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richa Saxena
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth K. Speliotes
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Tanya M. Teslovich
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jared Maguire
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Melissa Parkin
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Simon Potter
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - N. William Rayner
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Robertson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Wendy Winckler
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Antonella Mulas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Ramaiah Nagaraja
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Patricia B. Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology and Barts and the London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Neuherberg, Germany
- EURAC Center of Biomedicine, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Coronary Artery Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Universität zu Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II, and Nordic Center of Cardiovascular Research, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David Altshuler
- Medical Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gonçalo R. Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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Arnold M, Ellwanger DC, Hartsperger ML, Pfeufer A, Stümpflen V. Cis-acting polymorphisms affect complex traits through modifications of microRNA regulation pathways. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36694. [PMID: 22606281 PMCID: PMC3350471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become an effective tool to map genes and regions contributing to multifactorial human diseases and traits. A comparably small number of variants identified by GWAS are known to have a direct effect on protein structure whereas the majority of variants is thought to exert their moderate influences on the phenotype through regulatory changes in mRNA expression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as powerful posttranscriptional regulators of mRNAs. Binding to their target sites, which are mostly located within the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA transcripts, they modulate mRNA expression and stability. Until today almost all human mRNA transcripts are known to harbor at least one miRNA target site with an average of over 20 miRNA target sites per transcript. Among 5,101 GWAS-identified sentinel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that correspond to 18,884 SNPs in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the sentinels (r2 ≥ 0.8) we identified a significant overrepresentation of SNPs that affect the 3'-UTR of genes (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 2.12-2.57, P < 10(-52)). This effect was even stronger considering all SNPs in one LD bin a single signal (OR = 4.27, 95% CI = 3.84-4.74, P < 10(-114)). Based on crosslinking immunoprecipitation data we identified four mechanisms affecting miRNA regulation by 3'-UTR mutations: (i) deletion or (ii) creation of miRNA recognition elements within validated RNA-induced silencing complex binding sites, (iii) alteration of 3'-UTR splicing leading to a loss of binding sites, and (iv) change of binding affinity due to modifications of 3'-UTR folding. We annotated 53 SNPs of a total of 288 trait-associated 3'-UTR SNPs as mediating at least one of these mechanisms. Using a qualitative systems biology approach, we demonstrate how our findings can be used to support biological interpretation of GWAS results as well as to provide new experimentally testable hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel C. Ellwanger
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genome-Oriented Bioinformatics, Technische Universität München, Center of Life and Food Science, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Mara L. Hartsperger
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute for Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German National Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy - Affiliated Institute of the University Lübeck, Germany
| | - Volker Stümpflen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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25
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Ellinor PT, Lunetta KL, Albert CM, Glazer NL, Ritchie MD, Smith AV, Arking DE, Müller-Nurasyid M, Krijthe BP, Lubitz SA, Bis JC, Chung MK, Dörr M, Ozaki K, Roberts JD, Smith JG, Pfeufer A, Sinner MF, Lohman K, Ding J, Smith NL, Smith JD, Rienstra M, Rice KM, Van Wagoner DR, Magnani JW, Wakili R, Clauss S, Rotter JI, Steinbeck G, Launer LJ, Davies RW, Borkovich M, Harris TB, Lin H, Völker U, Völzke H, Milan DJ, Hofman A, Boerwinkle E, Chen LY, Soliman EZ, Voight BF, Li G, Chakravarti A, Kubo M, Tedrow UB, Rose LM, Ridker PM, Conen D, Tsunoda T, Furukawa T, Sotoodehnia N, Xu S, Kamatani N, Levy D, Nakamura Y, Parvez B, Mahida S, Furie KL, Rosand J, Muhammad R, Psaty BM, Meitinger T, Perz S, Wichmann HE, Witteman JCM, Kao WHL, Kathiresan S, Roden DM, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, McKnight B, Sjögren M, Newman AB, Liu Y, Gollob MH, Melander O, Tanaka T, Stricker BHC, Felix SB, Alonso A, Darbar D, Barnard J, Chasman DI, Heckbert SR, Benjamin EJ, Gudnason V, Kääb S. Meta-analysis identifies six new susceptibility loci for atrial fibrillation. Nat Genet 2012; 44:670-5. [PMID: 22544366 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is a highly prevalent arrhythmia and a major risk factor for stroke, heart failure and death. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in individuals of European ancestry, including 6,707 with and 52,426 without atrial fibrillation. Six new atrial fibrillation susceptibility loci were identified and replicated in an additional sample of individuals of European ancestry, including 5,381 subjects with and 10,030 subjects without atrial fibrillation (P < 5 × 10(-8)). Four of the loci identified in Europeans were further replicated in silico in a GWAS of Japanese individuals, including 843 individuals with and 3,350 individuals without atrial fibrillation. The identified loci implicate candidate genes that encode transcription factors related to cardiopulmonary development, cardiac-expressed ion channels and cell signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.
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26
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Demirkan A, van Duijn CM, Ugocsai P, Isaacs A, Pramstaller PP, Liebisch G, Wilson JF, Johansson Å, Rudan I, Aulchenko YS, Kirichenko AV, Janssens ACJW, Jansen RC, Gnewuch C, Domingues FS, Pattaro C, Wild SH, Jonasson I, Polasek O, Zorkoltseva IV, Hofman A, Karssen LC, Struchalin M, Floyd J, Igl W, Biloglav Z, Broer L, Pfeufer A, Pichler I, Campbell S, Zaboli G, Kolcic I, Rivadeneira F, Huffman J, Hastie ND, Uitterlinden A, Franke L, Franklin CS, Vitart V, Nelson CP, Preuss M, Bis JC, O'Donnell CJ, Franceschini N, Witteman JCM, Axenovich T, Oostra BA, Meitinger T, Hicks AA, Hayward C, Wright AF, Gyllensten U, Campbell H, Schmitz G. Genome-wide association study identifies novel loci associated with circulating phospho- and sphingolipid concentrations. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002490. [PMID: 22359512 PMCID: PMC3280968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospho- and sphingolipids are crucial cellular and intracellular compounds. These lipids are required for active transport, a number of enzymatic processes, membrane formation, and cell signalling. Disruption of their metabolism leads to several diseases, with diverse neurological, psychiatric, and metabolic consequences. A large number of phospholipid and sphingolipid species can be detected and measured in human plasma. We conducted a meta-analysis of five European family-based genome-wide association studies (N = 4034) on plasma levels of 24 sphingomyelins (SPM), 9 ceramides (CER), 57 phosphatidylcholines (PC), 20 lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), 27 phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), and 16 PE-based plasmalogens (PLPE), as well as their proportions in each major class. This effort yielded 25 genome-wide significant loci for phospholipids (smallest P-value = 9.88×10−204) and 10 loci for sphingolipids (smallest P-value = 3.10×10−57). After a correction for multiple comparisons (P-value<2.2×10−9), we observed four novel loci significantly associated with phospholipids (PAQR9, AGPAT1, PKD2L1, PDXDC1) and two with sphingolipids (PLD2 and APOE) explaining up to 3.1% of the variance. Further analysis of the top findings with respect to within class molar proportions uncovered three additional loci for phospholipids (PNLIPRP2, PCDH20, and ABDH3) suggesting their involvement in either fatty acid elongation/saturation processes or fatty acid specific turnover mechanisms. Among those, 14 loci (KCNH7, AGPAT1, PNLIPRP2, SYT9, FADS1-2-3, DLG2, APOA1, ELOVL2, CDK17, LIPC, PDXDC1, PLD2, LASS4, and APOE) mapped into the glycerophospholipid and 12 loci (ILKAP, ITGA9, AGPAT1, FADS1-2-3, APOA1, PCDH20, LIPC, PDXDC1, SGPP1, APOE, LASS4, and PLD2) to the sphingolipid pathways. In large meta-analyses, associations between FADS1-2-3 and carotid intima media thickness, AGPAT1 and type 2 diabetes, and APOA1 and coronary artery disease were observed. In conclusion, our study identified nine novel phospho- and sphingolipid loci, substantially increasing our knowledge of the genetic basis for these traits. Phospho- and sphingolipids are integral to membrane formation and are involved in crucial cellular functions such as signalling, membrane fluidity, membrane protein trafficking, neurotransmission, and receptor trafficking. In addition to severe monogenic diseases resulting from defective phospho- and sphingolipid function and metabolism, the evidence suggests that variations in these lipid levels at the population level are involved in the determination of cardiovascular and neurologic traits and subsequent disease. We took advantage of modern laboratory methods, including microarray-based genotyping and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, to hunt for genetic variation influencing the levels of more than 350 phospho- and sphingolipid phenotypes. We identified nine novel loci, in addition to confirming a number of previously described loci. Several other genetic regions provided substantial evidence of their involvement in these traits. All of these loci are strong candidates for further research in the field of lipid biology and are likely to yield considerable insights into the complex metabolic pathways underlying circulating phospho- and sphingolipid levels. Understanding these mechanisms might help to illuminate factors leading to the development of common cardiovascular and neurological diseases and might provide molecular targets for the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Demirkan
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Departments of Epidemiology and Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Departments of Epidemiology and Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Medical Sytems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ugocsai
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Departments of Epidemiology and Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Medical Sytems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - James F. Wilson
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Institute for Clinical Medical Research, University Hospital “Sestre Milosrdnice”, Zagreb, Croatia
- Croatian Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Yurii S. Aulchenko
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Departments of Epidemiology and Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anatoly V. Kirichenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Ritsert C. Jansen
- Groningen Bioinformatics Centre, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten Gnewuch
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Cristian Pattaro
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Sarah H. Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Inger Jonasson
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Croatian Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Croatian Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Irina V. Zorkoltseva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Albert Hofman
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lennart C. Karssen
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Departments of Epidemiology and Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maksim Struchalin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Departments of Epidemiology and Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James Floyd
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Wilmar Igl
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zrinka Biloglav
- Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Linda Broer
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Departments of Epidemiology and Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Irene Pichler
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Susan Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ghazal Zaboli
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Croatian Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Huffman
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas D. Hastie
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lude Franke
- Genetics Department, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Veronique Vitart
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christopher P. Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Preuss
- Institut fur Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik and Medizinische Klinik II, Universitat zu Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | | | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. O'Donnell
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Jacqueline C. M. Witteman
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tatiana Axenovich
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ben A. Oostra
- Centre for Medical Sytems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institut for Human Genetics, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrew A. Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alan F. Wright
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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27
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Kääb S, Crawford DC, Sinner MF, Behr ER, Kannankeril PJ, Wilde AAM, Bezzina CR, Schulze-Bahr E, Guicheney P, Bishopric NH, Myerburg RJ, Schott JJ, Pfeufer A, Beckmann BM, Martens E, Zhang T, Stallmeyer B, Zumhagen S, Denjoy I, Bardai A, Van Gelder IC, Jamshidi Y, Dalageorgou C, Marshall V, Jeffery S, Shakir S, Camm AJ, Steinbeck G, Perz S, Lichtner P, Meitinger T, Peters A, Wichmann HE, Ingram C, Bradford Y, Carter S, Norris K, Ritchie MD, George AL, Roden DM. A large candidate gene survey identifies the KCNE1 D85N polymorphism as a possible modulator of drug-induced torsades de pointes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 5:91-9. [PMID: 22100668 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.111.960930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-induced long-QT syndrome (diLQTS) is an adverse drug effect that has an important impact on drug use, development, and regulation. We tested the hypothesis that common variants in key genes controlling cardiac electric properties modify the risk of diLQTS. METHODS AND RESULTS In a case-control setting, we included 176 patients of European descent from North America and Europe with diLQTS, defined as documented torsades de pointes during treatment with a QT-prolonging drug. Control samples were obtained from 207 patients of European ancestry who displayed <50 ms QT lengthening during initiation of therapy with a QT-prolonging drug and 837 control subjects from the population-based KORA study. Subjects were successfully genotyped at 1424 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 18 candidate genes including 1386 SNPs tagging common haplotype blocks and 38 nonsynonymous ion channel gene SNPs. For validation, we used a set of cases (n=57) and population-based control subjects of European descent. The SNP KCNE1 D85N (rs1805128), known to modulate an important potassium current in the heart, predicted diLQTS with an odds ratio of 9.0 (95% confidence interval, 3.5-22.9). The variant allele was present in 8.6% of cases, 2.9% of drug-exposed control subjects, and 1.8% of population control subjects. In the validation cohort, the variant allele was present in 3.5% of cases and in 1.4% of control subjects. CONCLUSIONS This high-density candidate SNP approach identified a key potassium channel susceptibility allele that may be associated with the rare adverse drug reaction torsades de pointes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kääb
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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Hopfner F, Schormair B, Knauf F, Berthele A, Tölle TR, Baron R, Maier C, Treede RD, Binder A, Sommer C, Maihöfner C, Kunz W, Zimprich F, Heemann U, Pfeufer A, Näbauer M, Kääb S, Nowak B, Gieger C, Lichtner P, Trenkwalder C, Oexle K, Winkelmann J. Novel SCARB2 mutation in action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome and evaluation of SCARB2 mutations in isolated AMRF features. BMC Neurol 2011; 11:134. [PMID: 22032306 PMCID: PMC3222607 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2377-11-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome is a hereditary form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy associated with renal failure. It is considered to be an autosomal-recessive disease related to loss-of-function mutations in SCARB2. We studied a German AMRF family, additionally showing signs of demyelinating polyneuropathy and dilated cardiomyopathy. To test the hypothesis whether isolated appearance of individual AMRF syndrome features could be related to heterozygote SCARB2 mutations, we screened for SCARB2 mutations in unrelated patients showing isolated AMRF features. METHODS In the AMRF family all exons of SCARB2 were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. The mutation screening of unrelated patients with isolated AMRF features affected by either epilepsy (n = 103, progressive myoclonus epilepsy or generalized epilepsy), demyelinating polyneuropathy (n = 103), renal failure (n = 192) or dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 85) was performed as high resolution melting curve analysis of the SCARB2 exons. RESULTS A novel homozygous 1 bp deletion (c.111delC) in SCARB2 was found by sequencing three affected homozygous siblings of the affected family. A heterozygous sister showed generalized seizures and reduction of nerve conduction velocity in her legs. No mutations were found in the epilepsy, renal failure or dilated cardiomyopathy samples. In the polyneuropathy sample two individuals with demyelinating disease were found to be carriers of a SCARB2 frameshift mutation (c.666delCCTTA). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that demyelinating polyneuropathy and dilated cardiomyopathy are part of the action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome. Moreover, they raise the possibility that in rare cases heterozygous SCARB2 mutations may be associated with PNP features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hopfner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Schormair
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Knauf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Achim Berthele
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Member of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS
| | - Thomas R Tölle
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Member of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS
| | - Ralf Baron
- Sektion Neurologische Schmerzforschung und -therapie, Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Member of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS
| | - Christoph Maier
- BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Member of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS
| | - Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Lehrstuhl für Neurophysiology, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Member of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS
| | - Andreas Binder
- Sektion Neurologische Schmerzforschung und -therapie, Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Member of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS
| | - Claudia Sommer
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Member of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS
| | - Christian Maihöfner
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Member of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS
| | - Wolfram Kunz
- Department of Epileptology and Life & Brain Center, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Friedrich Zimprich
- Department of Clinical Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Uwe Heemann
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Näbauer
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Nowak
- Zentrum für Nieren- und Hochdruckkrankheiten, Immenstadt and Oberstdorf, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Trenkwalder
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Center of Parkinsonism and Movement Disorders, Kassel, Germany
| | - Konrad Oexle
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Beckmann BM, Pfeufer A, Kääb S. Inherited cardiac arrhythmias: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2011; 108:623-33; quiz 634. [PMID: 21977220 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2011.0623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of sudden cardiac death in persons under age 40 is roughly 3 per 100 000 persons per year in Germany and North America. Many of these deaths are found to be due to hereditary heart diseases, often a primary structural heart disease associated with arrhythmia or else a primary arrhythmia syndrome in a structurally normal heart. Such diseases are usually of autosomal dominant inheritance, often affect otherwise healthy persons, and can generally be well treated if recognized early. Patients commonly have affected relatives who are still asymptomatic. METHODS This review is based on articles up to May 2010 that were retrieved by a selective search of the Medline database via PubMed, with additional consideration of the relevant European and American guidelines and the German Law on Genetic Diagnosis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Hereditary arrhythmia syndromes are now found in more than half of all initially unexplained cases of sudden cardiac death in young persons. Among such cases, the hereditary arrhythmia syndrome is primary in 70% and caused by an arrhythmogenic structural heart disease in 30%. In addition to autopsy findings, a thorough family history, relevant medical findings obtained during life (if available), the examination of relatives, and directed molecular testing where appropiate enabled establishing the diagnosis. Arrthymia syndromes that can cause sudden death are often detectable during life if physicians and the public are appropriately sensitized.
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Wain LV, Verwoert GC, O'Reilly PF, Shi G, Johnson T, Johnson AD, Bochud M, Rice KM, Henneman P, Smith AV, Ehret GB, Amin N, Larson MG, Mooser V, Hadley D, Dörr M, Bis JC, Aspelund T, Esko T, Janssens ACJW, Zhao JH, Heath S, Laan M, Fu J, Pistis G, Luan J, Arora P, Lucas G, Pirastu N, Pichler I, Jackson AU, Webster RJ, Zhang F, Peden JF, Schmidt H, Tanaka T, Campbell H, Igl W, Milaneschi Y, Hottenga JJ, Vitart V, Chasman DI, Trompet S, Bragg-Gresham JL, Alizadeh BZ, Chambers JC, Guo X, Lehtimäki T, Kühnel B, Lopez LM, Polašek O, Boban M, Nelson CP, Morrison AC, Pihur V, Ganesh SK, Hofman A, Kundu S, Mattace-Raso FUS, Rivadeneira F, Sijbrands EJG, Uitterlinden AG, Hwang SJ, Vasan RS, Wang TJ, Bergmann S, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Laitinen J, Pouta A, Zitting P, McArdle WL, Kroemer HK, Völker U, Völzke H, Glazer NL, Taylor KD, Harris TB, Alavere H, Haller T, Keis A, Tammesoo ML, Aulchenko Y, Barroso I, Khaw KT, Galan P, Hercberg S, Lathrop M, Eyheramendy S, Org E, Sõber S, Lu X, Nolte IM, Penninx BW, Corre T, Masciullo C, Sala C, Groop L, Voight BF, Melander O, O'Donnell CJ, Salomaa V, d'Adamo AP, Fabretto A, Faletra F, Ulivi S, Del Greco FM, Facheris M, Collins FS, Bergman RN, Beilby JP, Hung J, Musk AW, Mangino M, Shin SY, Soranzo N, Watkins H, Goel A, Hamsten A, Gider P, Loitfelder M, Zeginigg M, Hernandez D, Najjar SS, Navarro P, Wild SH, Corsi AM, Singleton A, de Geus EJC, Willemsen G, Parker AN, Rose LM, Buckley B, Stott D, Orru M, Uda M, van der Klauw MM, Zhang W, Li X, Scott J, Chen YDI, Burke GL, Kähönen M, Viikari J, Döring A, Meitinger T, Davies G, Starr JM, Emilsson V, Plump A, Lindeman JH, Hoen PAC', König IR, Felix JF, Clarke R, Hopewell JC, Ongen H, Breteler M, Debette S, Destefano AL, Fornage M, Mitchell GF, Smith NL, Holm H, Stefansson K, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Samani NJ, Preuss M, Rudan I, Hayward C, Deary IJ, Wichmann HE, Raitakari OT, Palmas W, Kooner JS, Stolk RP, Jukema JW, Wright AF, Boomsma DI, Bandinelli S, Gyllensten UB, Wilson JF, Ferrucci L, Schmidt R, Farrall M, Spector TD, Palmer LJ, Tuomilehto J, Pfeufer A, Gasparini P, Siscovick D, Altshuler D, Loos RJF, Toniolo D, Snieder H, Gieger C, Meneton P, Wareham NJ, Oostra BA, Metspalu A, Launer L, Rettig R, Strachan DP, Beckmann JS, Witteman JCM, Erdmann J, van Dijk KW, Boerwinkle E, Boehnke M, Ridker PM, Jarvelin MR, Chakravarti A, Abecasis GR, Gudnason V, Newton-Cheh C, Levy D, Munroe PB, Psaty BM, Caulfield MJ, Rao DC, Tobin MD, Elliott P, van Duijn CM. Genome-wide association study identifies six new loci influencing pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure. Nat Genet 2011; 43:1005-11. [PMID: 21909110 PMCID: PMC3445021 DOI: 10.1038/ng.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous genetic loci influence systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in Europeans 1-3. We now report genome-wide association studies of pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). In discovery (N=74,064) and follow-up studies (N=48,607), we identified at genome-wide significance (P= 2.7×10-8 to P=2.3×10-13) four novel PP loci (at 4q12 near CHIC2/PDGFRAI, 7q22.3 near PIK3CG, 8q24.12 in NOV, 11q24.3 near ADAMTS-8), two novel MAP loci (3p21.31 in MAP4, 10q25.3 near ADRB1) and one locus associated with both traits (2q24.3 near FIGN) which has recently been associated with SBP in east Asians. For three of the novel PP signals, the estimated effect for SBP was opposite to that for DBP, in contrast to the majority of common SBP- and DBP-associated variants which show concordant effects on both traits. These findings indicate novel genetic mechanisms underlying blood pressure variation, including pathways that may differentially influence SBP and DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise V Wain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Perz S, Küfner R, Sinner M, Meisinger C, Müller M, Pfeufer A, Peters A, Englmeier KH, Wichmann HE, Kääb S. Which QTc interval estimate is better for predicting sudden death? J Electrocardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2010.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Meder B, Haas J, Keller A, Heid C, Just S, Borries A, Boisguerin V, Scharfenberger-Schmeer M, Stähler P, Beier M, Weichenhan D, Strom TM, Pfeufer A, Korn B, Katus HA, Rottbauer W. Targeted next-generation sequencing for the molecular genetic diagnostics of cardiomyopathies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 4:110-22. [PMID: 21252143 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.110.958322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Today, mutations in more than 30 different genes have been found to cause inherited cardiomyopathies, some associated with very poor prognosis. However, because of the genetic heterogeneity and limitations in throughput and scalability of current diagnostic tools up until now, it is hardly possible to genetically characterize patients with cardiomyopathy in a fast, comprehensive, and cost-efficient manner. METHODS AND RESULTS We established an array-based subgenomic enrichment followed by next-generation sequencing to detect mutations in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). With this approach, we show that the genomic region of interest can be enriched by a mean factor of 2169 compared with the coverage of the whole genome, resulting in high sequence coverage of selected disease genes and allowing us to define the genetic pathogenesis of cardiomyopathies in a single sequencing run. In 6 patients, we detected disease-causing mutations, 2 microdeletions, and 4 point mutations. Furthermore, we identified several novel nonsynonymous variants, which are predicted to be harmful, and hence, might be potential disease mutations or modifiers for DCM or HCM. CONCLUSIONS The approach presented here allows for the first time a comprehensive genetic screening in patients with hereditary DCM or HCM in a fast and cost-efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Meder
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Sotoodehnia N, Isaacs A, de Bakker PIW, Dörr M, Newton-Cheh C, Nolte IM, van der Harst P, Müller M, Eijgelsheim M, Alonso A, Hicks AA, Padmanabhan S, Hayward C, Smith AV, Polasek O, Giovannone S, Fu J, Magnani JW, Marciante KD, Pfeufer A, Gharib SA, Teumer A, Li M, Bis JC, Rivadeneira F, Aspelund T, Köttgen A, Johnson T, Rice K, Sie MPS, Wang YA, Klopp N, Fuchsberger C, Wild SH, Mateo Leach I, Estrada K, Völker U, Wright AF, Asselbergs FW, Qu J, Chakravarti A, Sinner MF, Kors JA, Petersmann A, Harris TB, Soliman EZ, Munroe PB, Psaty BM, Oostra BA, Cupples LA, Perz S, de Boer RA, Uitterlinden AG, Völzke H, Spector TD, Liu FY, Boerwinkle E, Dominiczak AF, Rotter JI, van Herpen G, Levy D, Wichmann HE, van Gilst WH, Witteman JCM, Kroemer HK, Kao WHL, Heckbert SR, Meitinger T, Hofman A, Campbell H, Folsom AR, van Veldhuisen DJ, Schwienbacher C, O'Donnell CJ, Volpato CB, Caulfield MJ, Connell JM, Launer L, Lu X, Franke L, Fehrmann RSN, te Meerman G, Groen HJM, Weersma RK, van den Berg LH, Wijmenga C, Ophoff RA, Navis G, Rudan I, Snieder H, Wilson JF, Pramstaller PP, Siscovick DS, Wang TJ, Gudnason V, van Duijn CM, Felix SB, Fishman GI, Jamshidi Y, Stricker BHC, Samani NJ, Kääb S, Arking DE. Common variants in 22 loci are associated with QRS duration and cardiac ventricular conduction. Nat Genet 2010; 42:1068-76. [PMID: 21076409 PMCID: PMC3338195 DOI: 10.1038/ng.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
QRS interval on the electrocardiogram reflects ventricular depolarization and conduction time, and is a risk factor for mortality, sudden death, and heart failure. We performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis in 40,407 European-descent individuals from 14 studies, with further genotyping in 7170 additional Europeans, and identified 22 loci associated with QRS duration (P < 5 × 10−8). These loci map in or near genes in pathways with established roles in ventricular conduction such as sodium channels, transcription factors, and calcium-handling proteins, but also point to novel biologic processes, such as kinase inhibitors and genes related to tumorigenesis. We demonstrate that SCN10A, a gene at our most significant locus, is expressed in the mouse ventricular conduction system, and treatment with a selective SCN10A blocker prolongs QRS duration. These findings extend our current knowledge of ventricular depolarization and conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nona Sotoodehnia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Lubitz SA, Sinner MF, Lunetta KL, Makino S, Pfeufer A, Rahman R, Veltman CE, Barnard J, Bis JC, Danik SP, Sonni A, Shea MA, Del Monte F, Perz S, Müller M, Peters A, Greenberg SM, Furie KL, van Noord C, Boerwinkle E, Stricker BHC, Witteman J, Smith JD, Chung MK, Heckbert SR, Benjamin EJ, Rosand J, Arking DE, Alonso A, Kääb S, Ellinor PT. Independent susceptibility markers for atrial fibrillation on chromosome 4q25. Circulation 2010; 122:976-84. [PMID: 20733104 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.886440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variants on chromosome 4q25 are associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). We sought to determine whether there is more than 1 susceptibility signal at this locus. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-four haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the 4q25 locus were genotyped in 790 case and 1177 control subjects from Massachusetts General Hospital and tested for association with AF. We replicated SNPs associated with AF after adjustment for the most significantly associated SNP in 5066 case and 30 661 referent subjects from the German Competence Network for Atrial Fibrillation, Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study, Cleveland Clinic Lone AF Study, Cardiovascular Health Study, and Rotterdam Study. All subjects were of European ancestry. A multimarker risk score composed of SNPs that tagged distinct AF susceptibility signals was constructed and tested for association with AF, and all results were subjected to meta-analysis. The previously reported SNP, rs2200733, was most significantly associated with AF (minor allele odds ratio 1.80, 95% confidence interval 1.50 to 2.15, P=1.2 x 10(-20)) in the discovery sample. Adjustment for rs2200733 genotype revealed 2 additional susceptibility signals marked by rs17570669 and rs3853445. A graded risk of AF was observed with an increasing number of AF risk alleles at SNPs that tagged these 3 susceptibility signals. CONCLUSIONS We identified 2 novel AF susceptibility signals on chromosome 4q25. Consideration of multiple susceptibility signals at chromosome 4q25 identifies individuals with an increased risk of AF and may localize regulatory elements at the locus with biological relevance in the pathogenesis of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Lubitz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
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Meyer TE, Verwoert GC, Hwang SJ, Glazer NL, Smith AV, van Rooij FJA, Ehret GB, Boerwinkle E, Felix JF, Leak TS, Harris TB, Yang Q, Dehghan A, Aspelund T, Katz R, Homuth G, Kocher T, Rettig R, Ried JS, Gieger C, Prucha H, Pfeufer A, Meitinger T, Coresh J, Hofman A, Sarnak MJ, Chen YDI, Uitterlinden AG, Chakravarti A, Psaty BM, van Duijn CM, Kao WHL, Witteman JCM, Gudnason V, Siscovick DS, Fox CS, Köttgen A. Genome-wide association studies of serum magnesium, potassium, and sodium concentrations identify six Loci influencing serum magnesium levels. PLoS Genet 2010; 6. [PMID: 20700443 PMCID: PMC2916845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium, potassium, and sodium, cations commonly measured in serum, are involved in many physiological processes including energy metabolism, nerve and muscle function, signal transduction, and fluid and blood pressure regulation. To evaluate the contribution of common genetic variation to normal physiologic variation in serum concentrations of these cations, we conducted genome-wide association studies of serum magnesium, potassium, and sodium concentrations using ∼2.5 million genotyped and imputed common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 15,366 participants of European descent from the international CHARGE Consortium. Study-specific results were combined using fixed-effects inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. SNPs demonstrating genome-wide significant (p<5×10−8) or suggestive associations (p<4×10−7) were evaluated for replication in an additional 8,463 subjects of European descent. The association of common variants at six genomic regions (in or near MUC1, ATP2B1, DCDC5, TRPM6, SHROOM3, and MDS1) with serum magnesium levels was genome-wide significant when meta-analyzed with the replication dataset. All initially significant SNPs from the CHARGE Consortium showed nominal association with clinically defined hypomagnesemia, two showed association with kidney function, two with bone mineral density, and one of these also associated with fasting glucose levels. Common variants in CNNM2, a magnesium transporter studied only in model systems to date, as well as in CNNM3 and CNNM4, were also associated with magnesium concentrations in this study. We observed no associations with serum sodium or potassium levels exceeding p<4×10−7. Follow-up studies of newly implicated genomic loci may provide additional insights into the regulation and homeostasis of human serum magnesium levels. Magnesium, potassium, and sodium are involved in important physiological processes. To better understand how common genetic variation may contribute to inter-individual differences in serum concentrations of these electrolytes, we evaluated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the genome in association with serum magnesium, potassium, and sodium levels in 15,366 participants of European descent from the CHARGE Consortium. We then verified the associations in an additional 8,463 study participants. Six different genomic regions contain variants that are reproducibly associated with serum magnesium levels, and only one of the regions had been previously known to influence serum magnesium concentrations in humans. The identified SNPs also show association with clinically defined hypomagnesemia, and some of them with traits that have been linked to serum magnesium levels, including kidney function, fasting glucose, and bone mineral density. We further provide evidence for a physiological role of magnesium transporters in humans which have previously only been studied in model systems. None of the SNPs evaluated in our study are significantly associated with serum levels of sodium or potassium. Additional studies are needed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms in order to help us understand the contribution of these newly identified regions to magnesium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamra E. Meyer
- Human Genetics Center and Division of Epidemiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Germaine C. Verwoert
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study and the Center for Population Studies, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nicole L. Glazer
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Frank J. A. van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Georg B. Ehret
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center and Division of Epidemiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Janine F. Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tennille S. Leak
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ronit Katz
- Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- School of Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janina S. Ried
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanna Prucha
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München, Munich, Germany
- Clinic of Dermatology, Am Biederstein, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J. Sarnak
- Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - W. H. Linda Kao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline C. M. Witteman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - David S. Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Caroline S. Fox
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study and the Center for Population Studies, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Sinner MF, Reinhard W, Müller M, Beckmann BM, Martens E, Perz S, Pfeufer A, Winogradow J, Stark K, Meisinger C, Wichmann HE, Peters A, Riegger GAJ, Steinbeck G, Hengstenberg C, Kääb S. Association of early repolarization pattern on ECG with risk of cardiac and all-cause mortality: a population-based prospective cohort study (MONICA/KORA). PLoS Med 2010; 7:e1000314. [PMID: 20668657 PMCID: PMC2910598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early repolarization pattern (ERP) on electrocardiogram was associated with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac arrest in a case-control study and with cardiovascular mortality in a Finnish community-based sample. We sought to determine ERP prevalence and its association with cardiac and all-cause mortality in a large, prospective, population-based case-cohort study (Monitoring of Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions [MONICA]/KORA [Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg]) comprised of individuals of Central-European descent. METHODS AND FINDINGS Electrocardiograms of 1,945 participants aged 35-74 y, representing a source population of 6,213 individuals, were analyzed applying a case-cohort design. Mean follow-up was 18.9 y. Cause of death was ascertained by the 9th revision of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-9) codes as documented in death certificates. ERP-attributable effects on mortality were determined by a weighted Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for covariables. Prevalence of ERP was 13.1% in our study. ERP was associated with cardiac and all-cause mortality, most pronounced in those of younger age and male sex; a clear ERP-age interaction was detected (p = 0.005). Age-stratified analyses showed hazard ratios (HRs) for cardiac mortality of 1.96 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-3.68, p = 0.035) for both sexes and 2.65 (95% CI 1.21-5.83, p = 0.015) for men between 35-54 y. An inferior localization of ERP further increased ERP-attributable cardiac mortality to HRs of 3.15 (95% CI 1.58-6.28, p = 0.001) for both sexes and to 4.27 (95% CI 1.90-9.61, p<0.001) for men between 35-54 y. HRs for all-cause mortality were weaker but reached significance. CONCLUSIONS We found a high prevalence of ERP in our population-based cohort of middle-aged individuals. ERP was associated with about a 2- to 4-fold increased risk of cardiac mortality in individuals between 35 and 54 y. An inferior localization of ERP was associated with a particularly increased risk. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz F. Sinner
- University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wibke Reinhard
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martina Müller
- University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Britt-Maria Beckmann
- University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eimo Martens
- University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Siegfried Perz
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Janina Winogradow
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Stark
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - H.-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Günter A. J. Riegger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Steinbeck
- University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kääb
- University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Eijgelsheim M, Newton-Cheh C, Sotoodehnia N, de Bakker PIW, Müller M, Morrison AC, Smith AV, Isaacs A, Sanna S, Dörr M, Navarro P, Fuchsberger C, Nolte IM, de Geus EJC, Estrada K, Hwang SJ, Bis JC, Rückert IM, Alonso A, Launer LJ, Hottenga JJ, Rivadeneira F, Noseworthy PA, Rice KM, Perz S, Arking DE, Spector TD, Kors JA, Aulchenko YS, Tarasov KV, Homuth G, Wild SH, Marroni F, Gieger C, Licht CM, Prineas RJ, Hofman A, Rotter JI, Hicks AA, Ernst F, Najjar SS, Wright AF, Peters A, Fox ER, Oostra BA, Kroemer HK, Couper D, Völzke H, Campbell H, Meitinger T, Uda M, Witteman JCM, Psaty BM, Wichmann HE, Harris TB, Kääb S, Siscovick DS, Jamshidi Y, Uitterlinden AG, Folsom AR, Larson MG, Wilson JF, Penninx BW, Snieder H, Pramstaller PP, van Duijn CM, Lakatta EG, Felix SB, Gudnason V, Pfeufer A, Heckbert SR, Stricker BHC, Boerwinkle E, O'Donnell CJ. Genome-wide association analysis identifies multiple loci related to resting heart rate. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:3885-94. [PMID: 20639392 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher resting heart rate is associated with increased cardiovascular disease and mortality risk. Though heritable factors play a substantial role in population variation, little is known about specific genetic determinants. This knowledge can impact clinical care by identifying novel factors that influence pathologic heart rate states, modulate heart rate through cardiac structure and function or by improving our understanding of the physiology of heart rate regulation. To identify common genetic variants associated with heart rate, we performed a meta-analysis of 15 genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including 38,991 subjects of European ancestry, estimating the association between age-, sex- and body mass-adjusted RR interval (inverse heart rate) and approximately 2.5 million markers. Results with P < 5 × 10(-8) were considered genome-wide significant. We constructed regression models with multiple markers to assess whether results at less stringent thresholds were likely to be truly associated with RR interval. We identified six novel associations with resting heart rate at six loci: 6q22 near GJA1; 14q12 near MYH7; 12p12 near SOX5, c12orf67, BCAT1, LRMP and CASC1; 6q22 near SLC35F1, PLN and c6orf204; 7q22 near SLC12A9 and UfSp1; and 11q12 near FADS1. Associations at 6q22 400 kb away from GJA1, at 14q12 MYH6 and at 1q32 near CD34 identified in previously published GWAS were confirmed. In aggregate, these variants explain approximately 0.7% of RR interval variance. A multivariant regression model including 20 variants with P < 10(-5) increased the explained variance to 1.6%, suggesting that some loci falling short of genome-wide significance are likely truly associated. Future research is warranted to elucidate underlying mechanisms that may impact clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Eijgelsheim
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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38
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Hinterseer M, Beckmann BM, Thomsen MB, Pfeufer A, Ulbrich M, Sinner MF, Perz S, Wichmann HE, Lengyel C, Schimpf R, Maier SK, Varró A, Vos MA, Steinbeck G, Kääb S. Usefulness of short-term variability of QT intervals as a predictor for electrical remodeling and proarrhythmia in patients with nonischemic heart failure. Am J Cardiol 2010; 106:216-20. [PMID: 20599006 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Revised: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The high incidence of sudden cardiac death in heart failure (HF) reflects electrophysiologic changes in response to myocardial failure. We previously showed that short-term variability of QT intervals (STV(QT)) identifies latent repolarization disorders in patients with drug-induced or congenital long QT syndrome. This study sought to determine (1) if STV(QT) is increased in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DC) and moderate congestive HF and (2) if increased STV(QT) is associated with ventricular arrhythmia in patients with HF. Sixty patients (53 +/- 12 years of age, 14 women) with DC and moderate HF (New York Heart Association classes II to III) were compared to matched controls. Twenty patients had implantable cardiac defibrillators secondary to a history of ventricular tachycardia (VT). Two cardiologists blinded to diagnosis manually measured QT intervals. Beat-to-beat variability of repolarization was determined from Poincaré plots of 30 consecutive QT intervals as was STV(QT). QTc intervals were comparable in patients and controls (419 +/- 36 vs 415 +/- 32 ms, respectively, p >0.05), whereas STV(QT) was significantly higher in patients with HF (7.8 +/- 3 vs 4.1 +/- 2 ms, respectively, p <0.05). STV(QT) was more increased in patients with a history of VT compared to those without VT (10.1 +/- 2 vs 6.6 +/- 2 ms, respectively, p <0.05). Increased STV(QT) and decreased ejection fraction were associated with a history of VT; however, STV(QT) was the strongest indicator. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates for the first time that STV(QT) is increased in patients with DC with HF. Patients with DC and HF and implantable cardiac defibrillators for secondary prevention had the highest STV(QT). Thus, increased STV(QT) in the context of moderate HF may reflect a latent repolarization disorder and increased susceptibility to sudden death in patients with DC, which is not identified by a prolonged QT interval.
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39
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Bezzina CR, Pazoki R, Bardai A, Marsman RF, de Jong JSSG, Blom MT, Scicluna BP, Jukema JW, Bindraban NR, Lichtner P, Pfeufer A, Bishopric NH, Roden DM, Meitinger T, Chugh SS, Myerburg RJ, Jouven X, Kääb S, Dekker LRC, Tan HL, Tanck MWT, Wilde AAM. Genome-wide association study identifies a susceptibility locus at 21q21 for ventricular fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction. Nat Genet 2010; 42:688-691. [PMID: 20622880 DOI: 10.1038/ng.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death from ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial infarction is a leading cause of total and cardiovascular mortality. To our knowledge, we here report the first genome-wide association study for this trait, conducted in a set of 972 individuals with a first acute myocardial infarction, 515 of whom had ventricular fibrillation and 457 of whom did not, from the Arrhythmia Genetics in The Netherlands (AGNES) study. The most significant association to ventricular fibrillation was found at 21q21 (rs2824292, odds ratio = 1.78, 95% CI 1.47-2.13, P = 3.3 x 10(-10)). The association of rs2824292 with ventricular fibrillation was replicated in an independent case-control set consisting of 146 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest individuals with myocardial infarction complicated by ventricular fibrillation and 391 individuals who survived a myocardial infarction (controls) (odds ratio = 1.49, 95% CI 1.14-1.95, P = 0.004). The closest gene to this SNP is CXADR, which encodes a viral receptor previously implicated in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy and which has recently been identified as a modulator of cardiac conduction. This locus has not previously been implicated in arrhythmia susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie R Bezzina
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Raha Pazoki
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abdennasser Bardai
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roos F Marsman
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonas S S G de Jong
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke T Blom
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Navin R Bindraban
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Social Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nanette H Bishopric
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Dan M Roden
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sumeet S Chugh
- The Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Robert J Myerburg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Xavier Jouven
- Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas R C Dekker
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hanno L Tan
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael W T Tanck
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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40
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Neely GG, Kuba K, Cammarato A, Isobe K, Amann S, Zhang L, Murata M, Elmén L, Gupta V, Arora S, Sarangi R, Dan D, Fujisawa S, Usami T, Xia CP, Keene AC, Alayari NN, Yamakawa H, Elling U, Berger C, Novatchkova M, Koglgruber R, Fukuda K, Nishina H, Isobe M, Pospisilik JA, Imai Y, Pfeufer A, Hicks AA, Pramstaller PP, Subramaniam S, Kimura A, Ocorr K, Bodmer R, Penninger JM. A global in vivo Drosophila RNAi screen identifies NOT3 as a conserved regulator of heart function. Cell 2010; 141:142-53. [PMID: 20371351 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heart diseases are the most common causes of morbidity and death in humans. Using cardiac-specific RNAi-silencing in Drosophila, we knocked down 7061 evolutionarily conserved genes under conditions of stress. We present a first global roadmap of pathways potentially playing conserved roles in the cardiovascular system. One critical pathway identified was the CCR4-Not complex implicated in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms. Silencing of CCR4-Not components in adult Drosophila resulted in myofibrillar disarray and dilated cardiomyopathy. Heterozygous not3 knockout mice showed spontaneous impairment of cardiac contractility and increased susceptibility to heart failure. These heart defects were reversed via inhibition of HDACs, suggesting a mechanistic link to epigenetic chromatin remodeling. In humans, we show that a common NOT3 SNP correlates with altered cardiac QT intervals, a known cause of potentially lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Thus, our functional genome-wide screen in Drosophila can identify candidates that directly translate into conserved mammalian genes involved in heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gregory Neely
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of Austrian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Bohr Gasse 3-5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
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41
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Ellinor PT, Lunetta KL, Glazer NL, Pfeufer A, Alonso A, Chung MK, Sinner MF, de Bakker PIW, Mueller M, Lubitz SA, Fox E, Darbar D, Smith NL, Smith JD, Schnabel RB, Soliman EZ, Rice KM, Van Wagoner DR, Beckmann BM, van Noord C, Wang K, Ehret GB, Rotter JI, Hazen SL, Steinbeck G, Smith AV, Launer LJ, Harris TB, Makino S, Nelis M, Milan DJ, Perz S, Esko T, Köttgen A, Moebus S, Newton-Cheh C, Li M, Möhlenkamp S, Wang TJ, Kao WHL, Vasan RS, Nöthen MM, MacRae CA, Stricker BHC, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Levy D, Boerwinkle E, Metspalu A, Topol EJ, Chakravarti A, Gudnason V, Psaty BM, Roden DM, Meitinger T, Wichmann HE, Witteman JCM, Barnard J, Arking DE, Benjamin EJ, Heckbert SR, Kääb S. Common variants in KCNN3 are associated with lone atrial fibrillation. Nat Genet 2010; 42:240-4. [PMID: 20173747 PMCID: PMC2871387 DOI: 10.1038/ng.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia. A subset of patients with lone AF have no overt heart disease and an increased heritability of AF. We sought to identify common genetic variants underlying lone AF. Cases were from the German AF Network, Heart and Vascular Health Study, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Cleveland Clinic, and Massachusetts General Hospital. Subjects were genotyped, HapMap SNPs imputed, and age- sex- and hypertension-adjusted analyses performed. A meta-analysis was conducted using 1,335 cases of lone AF and 12,844 referents. A novel locus on chromosome 1q21 was identified, and the most significant SNP, rs13376333, had an adjusted odds ratio of 1.56 (P=6.3×10−12). This association was replicated in two cohorts with lone AF for an overall odds ratio of 1.52 (P=1.83×10−21). Rs13376333 is intronic to KCNN3, a potassium channel involved in atrial repolarization. KCNN3 represents a novel potential therapeutic target in the treatment of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick T Ellinor
- [1] Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [4] These authors contributed equally to this work
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42
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Pfeufer A, van Noord C, Marciante KD, Arking DE, Larson MG, Smith AV, Tarasov KV, Müller M, Sotoodehnia N, Sinner MF, Verwoert GC, Li M, Kao WHL, Köttgen A, Coresh J, Bis JC, Psaty BM, Rice K, Rotter JI, Rivadeneira F, Hofman A, Kors JA, Stricker BHC, Uitterlinden AG, van Duijn CM, Beckmann BM, Sauter W, Gieger C, Lubitz SA, Newton-Cheh C, Wang TJ, Magnani JW, Schnabel RB, Chung MK, Barnard J, Smith JD, Van Wagoner DR, Vasan RS, Aspelund T, Eiriksdottir G, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Najjar SS, Lakatta E, Schlessinger D, Uda M, Abecasis GR, Müller-Myhsok B, Ehret GB, Boerwinkle E, Chakravarti A, Soliman EZ, Lunetta KL, Perz S, Wichmann HE, Meitinger T, Levy D, Gudnason V, Ellinor PT, Sanna S, Kääb S, Witteman JCM, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ, Heckbert SR. Genome-wide association study of PR interval. Nat Genet 2010; 42:153-9. [PMID: 20062060 PMCID: PMC2850197 DOI: 10.1038/ng.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The electrocardiographic PR interval reflects atrial and atrioventricular nodal conduction, disturbances of which increase risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). To identify underlying common genetic variation, we meta-analyzed genome-wide association results for PR interval from seven community-based studies of European-ancestry individuals in the CHARGE consortium: AGES, ARIC, CHS, FHS, KORA, Rotterdam Study, and SardiNIA (N=28,517). Statistically significant loci (P<5×10-8) were tested for association with AF (N=5,741 cases). We identified nine loci associated with PR interval. At chromosome 3p22.2, we observed two independent associations in voltage gated sodium channel genes SCN10A and SCN5A, while six loci were near cardiac developmental genes CAV1/CAV2, NKX2-5 (CSX1), SOX5, WNT11, MEIS1, and TBX5/TBX3. Another signal was at ARHGAP24, a locus without known relevance to the heart. Five of the nine loci, SCN5A, SCN10A, NKX2-5, CAV1/CAV2, and SOX5, were also associated with AF (P<0.0056). Common genetic variation, particularly in ion channel and developmental genes, contributes significantly to atrial and atrioventricular conduction and to AF risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Pfeufer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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43
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Hubácek JA, Kuthanová L, Bohuslavová R, Adámková V, Lánská V, Meitinger T, Pfeufer A. INSIG2 promoter variant, obesity markers and lipid parameters - No association in a large Slavonic Caucasian population sample. Folia Biol (Praha) 2010; 56:131-134. [PMID: 20653998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Heritability studies have estimated the genetically attributable part of body mass index variance to be in the range of 30-70 %. Rs7566650 (G>C) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) near the promoter of the INSIG2 gene has been identified as associated with body mass index. The gene product of INSIG2 is involved in regulation of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. In order to replicate this association we have analysed 2,559 unrelated individuals of Slavonic Caucasian origin from the populationbased Czech MONICA 3-year cohort. Body mass index, waist-hip ratio and plasma lipids (total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides) were measured at two independent examinations within three years. We could not detect any association between the SNP rs7566605 and body mass index, waist-hip ratio or lipid parameters, both with or without adjusting for age and gender. Neither the body mass index change nor lipid changes were significantly affected by the INSIG2 gene variant. Our results indicated that this INSIG2 polymorphism has no significant effect on body mass index and plasma lipids in the Czech Slavonic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Hubácek
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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44
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Herlyn H, Zechner U, Oswald F, Pfeufer A, Zischler H, Haaf T. Positive selection at codon 38 of the human KCNE1 (= minK) gene and sporadic absence of 38Ser-coding mRNAs in Gly38Ser heterozygotes. BMC Evol Biol 2009; 9:188. [PMID: 19660109 PMCID: PMC2743666 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background KCNE1 represents the regulatory beta-subunit of the slowly activating delayed rectifier potassium channel (IKs). Variants of KCNE1 have repeatedly been linked to the long-QT syndrome (LQTS), a disorder which predisposes to deafness, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, syncope, and sudden cardiac death. Results We here analyze the evolution of the common Gly38Ser variant (rs1805127), using genomic DNAs, complementary DNAs, and HEK293-expressed variants of altogether 19 mammalian species. The between species comparison reveals that the human-specific Gly38Ser polymorphism evolved under strong positive Darwinian selection, probably in adaptation to specific challenges in the fine-tuning of IKs channels. The involved amino acid exchanges (Asp > Gly, Gly > Ser) are moderately radical and do not induce apparent changes in posttranslational modification. According to population genetic analyses (HapMap phase II) a heterozygote advantage accounts for the maintenance of the Gly38Ser polymorphism in humans. On the other hand, the expression of the 38Ser allele seems to be disadvantageous under certain conditions, as suggested by the sporadic deficiency of 38Ser-coding mRNAs in heterozygote Central Europeans and the depletion of homozygotes 38Ser in the Yoruban sample. Conclusion We speculate that individual differences in genomic imprinting or genomic recoding might have contributed to conflicting results of recent association studies between Gly38Ser polymorphism and QT phenotype. The findings thus highlight the relevance of mRNA data in future association studies of genotypes and clinical disorders. To the best of our knowledge, they moreover provide first time evidence for a unique pattern; i.e. coincidence of positive Darwinian selection and polymorphism with a sporadically suppressed expression of one allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Herlyn
- Institute of Anthropology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55099, Germany.
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45
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Sinner MF, Pfeufer A, Perz S, Schulze-Bahr E, Monnig G, Eckardt L, Beckmann BM, Wichmann HE, Breithardt G, Steinbeck G, Fabritz L, Kaab S, Kirchhof P. Spontaneous Brugada electrocardiogram patterns are rare in the German general population: results from the KORA study. Europace 2009; 11:1338-44. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eup205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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46
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Milan DJ, Kim AM, Winterfield JR, Jones IL, Pfeufer A, Sanna S, Arking DE, Amsterdam AH, Sabeh KM, Mably JD, Rosenbaum DS, Peterson RT, Chakravarti A, Kääb S, Roden DM, MacRae CA. Drug-sensitized zebrafish screen identifies multiple genes, including GINS3, as regulators of myocardial repolarization. Circulation 2009; 120:553-9. [PMID: 19652097 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.108.821082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac repolarization, the process by which cardiomyocytes return to their resting potential after each beat, is a highly regulated process that is critical for heart rhythm stability. Perturbations of cardiac repolarization increase the risk for life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Although genetic studies of familial long-QT syndromes have uncovered several key genes in cardiac repolarization, the major heritable contribution to this trait remains unexplained. Identification of additional genes may lead to a better understanding of the underlying biology, aid in identification of patients at risk for sudden death, and potentially enable new treatments for susceptible individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS We extended and refined a zebrafish model of cardiac repolarization by using fluorescent reporters of transmembrane potential. We then conducted a drug-sensitized genetic screen in zebrafish, identifying 15 genes, including GINS3, that affect cardiac repolarization. Testing these genes for human relevance in 2 concurrently completed genome-wide association studies revealed that the human GINS3 ortholog is located in the 16q21 locus, which is strongly associated with QT interval. CONCLUSIONS This sensitized zebrafish screen identified 15 novel myocardial repolarization genes. Among these genes is GINS3, the human ortholog of which is a major locus in 2 concurrent human genome-wide association studies of QT interval. These results reveal a novel network of genes that regulate cardiac repolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Milan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
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47
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Body SC, Collard CD, Shernan SK, Fox AA, Liu KY, Ritchie MD, Perry TE, Muehlschlegel JD, Aranki S, Donahue BS, Pretorius M, Estrada JC, Ellinor PT, Newton-Cheh C, Seidman CE, Seidman JG, Herman DS, Lichtner P, Meitinger T, Pfeufer A, Kääb S, Brown NJ, Roden DM, Darbar D. Variation in the 4q25 chromosomal locus predicts atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 2:499-506. [PMID: 20031626 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.109.849075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common adverse event following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A recent study identified chromosome 4q25 variants associated with AF in ambulatory populations. However, their role in postoperative AF is unknown. We hypothesized that genetic variants in the 4q25 chromosomal region are independently associated with postoperative AF after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS Two prospectively collected cohorts of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, with or without concurrent valve surgery, at 3 US centers. From a discovery cohort of 959 patients, clinical and genomic multivariate predictors of postoperative AF were identified by genotyping 45 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) encompassing the 4q25 locus. Three SNPs were then assessed in a separately collected validation cohort of 494 patients. After adjustment for clinical predictors of postoperative AF and multiple comparisons, rs2200733, rs13143308, and 5 other linked SNPs independently predicted postoperative AF in the discovery cohort. Additive odds ratios for the 7 associated 4q25 SNPs ranged between 1.57 and 2.17 (P=8.0x10(-4) to 3.4x10(-6)). Association with postoperative AF were measured and replicated for rs2200733 and rs13143308 in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS In 2 independently collected cardiac surgery cohorts, noncoding SNPs within the chromosome 4q25 region are independently associated with postoperative AF after coronary artery bypass graft surgery after adjusting for clinical covariates and multiple comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Body
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass 02115, USA.
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48
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Benjamin EJ, Rice KM, Arking DE, Pfeufer A, van Noord C, Smith AV, Schnabel RB, Bis JC, Boerwinkle E, Sinner MF, Dehghan A, Lubitz SA, D'Agostino RB, Lumley T, Ehret GB, Heeringa J, Aspelund T, Newton-Cheh C, Larson MG, Marciante KD, Soliman EZ, Rivadeneira F, Wang TJ, Eiríksdottir G, Levy D, Psaty BM, Li M, Chamberlain AM, Hofman A, Vasan RS, Harris TB, Rotter JI, Kao WHL, Agarwal SK, Stricker BHC, Wang K, Launer LJ, Smith NL, Chakravarti A, Uitterlinden AG, Wolf PA, Sotoodehnia N, Köttgen A, van Duijn CM, Meitinger T, Mueller M, Perz S, Steinbeck G, Wichmann HE, Lunetta KL, Heckbert SR, Gudnason V, Alonso A, Kääb S, Ellinor PT, Witteman JCM. Variants in ZFHX3 are associated with atrial fibrillation in individuals of European ancestry. Nat Genet 2009; 41:879-81. [PMID: 19597492 PMCID: PMC2761746 DOI: 10.1038/ng.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 06/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We conducted meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for atrial fibrillation (AF) in participants from five community-based cohorts. Meta-analyses of 896 prevalent (15,768 referents) and 2,517 incident (21,337 referents) AF cases identified a novel locus for AF (ZFHX3, rs2106261, risk ratio [RR]=1.19; P=2.3×10−7), an association that was replicated in the German AF Network (odds ratio=1.44; P=1.6×10−11). Combining the discovery and replication results, rs2106261 was significantly associated with AF (RR=1.25; P=1.8×10−15).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelia J Benjamin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.
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Nolte IM, Wallace C, Newhouse SJ, Waggott D, Fu J, Soranzo N, Gwilliam R, Deloukas P, Savelieva I, Zheng D, Dalageorgou C, Farrall M, Samani NJ, Connell J, Brown M, Dominiczak A, Lathrop M, Zeggini E, Wain LV, Newton-Cheh C, Eijgelsheim M, Rice K, de Bakker PIW, Pfeufer A, Sanna S, Arking DE, Asselbergs FW, Spector TD, Carter ND, Jeffery S, Tobin M, Caulfield M, Snieder H, Paterson AD, Munroe PB, Jamshidi Y. Common genetic variation near the phospholamban gene is associated with cardiac repolarisation: meta-analysis of three genome-wide association studies. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6138. [PMID: 19587794 PMCID: PMC2704957 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify loci affecting the electrocardiographic QT interval, a measure of cardiac repolarisation associated with risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, we conducted a meta-analysis of three genome-wide association studies (GWAS) including 3,558 subjects from the TwinsUK and BRIGHT cohorts in the UK and the DCCT/EDIC cohort from North America. Five loci were significantly associated with QT interval at P<1×10−6. To validate these findings we performed an in silico comparison with data from two QT consortia: QTSCD (n = 15,842) and QTGEN (n = 13,685). Analysis confirmed the association between common variants near NOS1AP (P = 1.4×10−83) and the phospholamban (PLN) gene (P = 1.9×10−29). The most associated SNP near NOS1AP (rs12143842) explains 0.82% variance; the SNP near PLN (rs11153730) explains 0.74% variance of QT interval duration. We found no evidence for interaction between these two SNPs (P = 0.99). PLN is a key regulator of cardiac diastolic function and is involved in regulating intracellular calcium cycling, it has only recently been identified as a susceptibility locus for QT interval. These data offer further mechanistic insights into genetic influence on the QT interval which may predispose to life threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilja M Nolte
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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50
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Petrásek J, Hubácek JA, Stickel F, Sperl J, Berg T, Ruf E, Wichmann HE, Pfeufer A, Meitinger T, Trunecka P, Spicák J, Jirsa M. Do common genetic variants in endotoxin signaling pathway contribute to predisposition to alcoholic liver cirrhosis? Clin Chem Lab Med 2009; 47:398-404. [PMID: 19278365 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2009.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), produced by endotoxin-activated Kupffer cells, play a key role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC). Alleles TNFA -238A, IL1B -31T and variant IL1RN*2 of repeat polymorphism in the gene encoding the IL-1 receptor antagonist increase production of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, respectively. Alleles CD14 -159T, TLR4 c.896G and TLR4 c.1196T modify activation of Kupffer cells by endotoxin. We confirmed the published associations between these common variants and genetic predisposition to ALC by means of a large case-control association study conducted on two Central European populations. METHODS The study population comprised a Czech sample of 198 ALC patients and 370 controls (MONICA project), and a German sample of 173 ALC patients and 331 controls (KORA-Augsburg), and 109 heavy drinkers without liver disease. RESULTS Single locus analysis revealed no significant difference between patients and controls in all tested loci. Diplotype [IL1RN 2/ 2; IL1B -31T+] was associated with increased risk of ALC in the pilot study, but not in the validation samples. CONCLUSIONS Although cytokine mediated immune reactions play a role in the pathogenesis of ALC, hereditary susceptibility caused by variants in the corresponding genes is low in Central European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Petrásek
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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