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Marriott AE, Dagley JL, Hegde S, Steven A, Fricks C, DiCosty U, Mansour A, Campbell EJ, Wilson CM, Gusovsky F, Ward SA, Hong WD, O'Neill P, Moorhead A, McCall S, McCall JW, Taylor MJ, Turner JD. Dirofilariasis mouse models for heartworm preclinical research. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1208301. [PMID: 37426014 PMCID: PMC10324412 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1208301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dirofilariasis, including heartworm disease, is a major emergent veterinary parasitic infection and a human zoonosis. Currently, experimental infections of cats and dogs are used in veterinary heartworm preclinical drug research. Methods As a refined alternative in vivo heartworm preventative drug screen, we assessed lymphopenic mouse strains with ablation of the interleukin-2/7 common gamma chain (γc) as susceptible to the larval development phase of Dirofilaria immitis. Results Non-obese diabetic (NOD) severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)γc-/- (NSG and NXG) and recombination-activating gene (RAG)2-/-γc-/- mouse strains yielded viable D. immitis larvae at 2-4 weeks post-infection, including the use of different batches of D. immitis infectious larvae, different D. immitis isolates, and at different laboratories. Mice did not display any clinical signs associated with infection for up to 4 weeks. Developing larvae were found in subcutaneous and muscle fascia tissues, which is the natural site of this stage of heartworm in dogs. Compared with in vitro-propagated larvae at day 14, in vivo-derived larvae had completed the L4 molt, were significantly larger, and contained expanded Wolbachia endobacteria titres. We established an ex vivo L4 paralytic screening system whereby assays with moxidectin or levamisole highlighted discrepancies in relative drug sensitivities in comparison with in vitro-reared L4 D. immitis. We demonstrated effective depletion of Wolbachia by 70%-90% in D. immitis L4 following 2- to 7-day oral in vivo exposures of NSG- or NXG-infected mice with doxycycline or the rapid-acting investigational drug, AWZ1066S. We validated NSG and NXG D. immitis mouse models as a filaricide screen by in vivo treatments with single injections of moxidectin, which mediated a 60%-88% reduction in L4 larvae at 14-28 days. Discussion Future adoption of these mouse models will benefit end-user laboratories conducting research and development of novel heartworm preventatives via increased access, rapid turnaround, and reduced costs and may simultaneously decrease the need for experimental cat or dog use.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Marriott
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J. L. Dagley
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S. Hegde
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A. Steven
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C. Fricks
- TRS Laboratories Inc, Athens, GA, United States
| | - U. DiCosty
- TRS Laboratories Inc, Athens, GA, United States
| | - A. Mansour
- TRS Laboratories Inc, Athens, GA, United States
| | - E. J. Campbell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - C. M. Wilson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - F. Gusovsky
- Eisai Global Health, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - S. A. Ward
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - W. D. Hong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - P. O'Neill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A. Moorhead
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - S. McCall
- TRS Laboratories Inc, Athens, GA, United States
| | - J. W. McCall
- TRS Laboratories Inc, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - M. J. Taylor
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J. D. Turner
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Marron T, Maier B, LaMarche N, Hegde S, Belabed M, Mattiuz R, Hennequin C, LeBerichel J, Park M, Hall N, Ogrady D, Fitzgerald B, Gomez J, Doroshow D, Veluswamy R, Rolfo C, Smith C, Rohs N, Yankelevitz D, Chaddha U, Harkin T, Beasley M, Hirsch F, Merad M. P2.12-05 Cancer and Atopy: Parallel Drivers? IL-4 Blockade Synergizes with PD-L1 Blockade to Reverse Type-2Mediated Immunosuppression. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Onkaramurthy M, Vishwakarma KK, Singh P, Hegde S, Azeemuddin MM, Rafiq M, Babu UV. Herbal Formulations Ameliorates Chronic Venous Insufficiency, Venotonicity and Elastase Inhibition in the Management of Varicose Veins: A Preclinical Study. Indian J Pharm Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Bhardwaj P, Thattaruparambil VP, Vellaisamy G, Mahadevaiah S, Hegde S. Gastric teratoma presenting as melena in the newborn: A case report. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2022; 15:667-669. [PMID: 35694937 DOI: 10.3233/npm-210931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Melena is reported in 1 of 350 to 400 new-borns. Significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a neonate with an antenatally diagnosed abdominal mass has not been reported before. This case highlights an unusual presentation of a gastric teratoma and proposes a probable embryological explanation for the site of occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bhardwaj
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | - V P Thattaruparambil
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | - G Vellaisamy
- Department of Pathology, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Mahadevaiah
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Hegde
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, India
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Mulla M, Hegde S, Koshy A, Mulla M. Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius on Peri-Implantitis Pathogenic Bacteria: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2021; 13:e20808. [PMID: 35111477 PMCID: PMC8794362 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Varied treatment modalities have been described in the past for the management of peri-implant diseases but the evidence of the use of probiotics for the treatment of peri-implantitis is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the antagonistic growth effects of Lactobacillus salivarius on the growth of peri-implantitis pathogens. Material and method Anin vitroassessment of probiotic L. salivarius on peri-implantitis pathogens was done using the serial tube dilution method. Minimum inhibitory concentration was calculated for five subgingival pathogens namely Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Streptococcus salivarius, and Staphylococcus aureus. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is defined as the lowermost concentration of any drug that prevents the noticeable growth of the test organism. In vitro assessment to determine the MIC is necessary for an in vivo application. The MIC value will also help to find the drug’s accurate dosage. Results Peri-implantitis pathogens were cultured from individuals diagnosed with peri-implantitis. Except for A. actinomycetemcomitans, all other pathogens were susceptible to the probiotic. S. salivarius had the lowest MIC (0.8mg/mL). Conclusion The MIC value for pathogens will help to determine the effective mode and form of probiotic that can be used for the treatment of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munaz Mulla
- Periodontology, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, IND
| | | | - Ajit Koshy
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Mushir Mulla
- Oral and Dental Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Arrass, SAU
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Mulla M, Mulla M, Hegde S, Koshy AV. In vitro assessment of the effect of probiotic lactobacillus reuteri on peri-implantitis microflora. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:408. [PMID: 34412595 PMCID: PMC8377827 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics affect both the development and stability of microbiota by altering the colonization of pathogens and thus helps in stimulating the immune system of the individual. The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of probiotics on peri-implantitis microflora, by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Lactobacillus reuteri, that can be effectively administered as an antimicrobial agent on specific peri-implantitis pathogens. Hence, this study will be helpful in finding the MIC of L. Reuteri that can be effectively administered as an antimicrobial agent on specific peri-implantitis pathogens. METHODS This experimental research was conducted on patients visiting the periodontology department in M. A. Rangoonwala college of dental sciences and research centre. Sub-gingival plaque samples were collected from peri-implantitis patients to identify various peri-implantitis microorganisms. The identified microorganisms were compared to each other and Chi-Square test was used to calculate statistical significance. The isolated microorganisms were subjected to the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri in-vitro. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed using serial dilution method. RESULTS The research results showed the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Streptococcus salivaris and Staphylococcus aureus in the subgingival samples from peri-implantitis patients. Statistically, significantly higher proportion of samples had Porphyromonas gingivalis. When subjected to the effect of L. reuteri, all the microorganisms were affected by L.reuteri except Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. CONCLUSION This study provides the various MIC value for each isolated pathogen against L.reuteri. The authors recommend to avoid using standard guidelines for probiotic dose in the treatment of peri-implant infections as the antimicrobial profile is different for each periodontal pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munaz Mulla
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, University road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Mushir Mulla
- Department of Oral and Dental Health, College of Applied Health Sciences in Arrass, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, University road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
| | - Ajit V Koshy
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Kakar A, Sripathi Rao BH, Deshpande N, Hegde S, Kohli A, Patney A, Mahajan H. Osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation using an in situ hardening biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft substitute compared to xenograft: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Indian J Dent Res 2021; 32:61-68. [PMID: 34269239 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_857_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation (OMSFE) with simultaneous implant placement using an in situ hardening biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) compared to xenograft as a control. Methods Patient in need for sinus floor augmentation in one or both sinuses were selected for this randomised controlled clinical trial. Sites presenting a residual sinus floor height of 3-6 mm and eligible for OMSFE were randomly assigned to receive either BCP (test) or xenograft particles (control). CBCT scans were performed before and at the time of implant loading (180 days). The difference in sinus floor height gain between the two groups was set as the primary endpoint parameter for equivalence testing. The implant insertion torque (ITV) was recorded and Implant stability quotients (ISQ) was assessed upon implant placement, abutment connection (160 days) and implant loading (180 days). Results A total of 54 sinus lifts were performed in 42 patients including 12 bilateral cases. Four implants failed (two in each group) and a total of six patients were lost to follow-up. Statistical analysis of sinus floor height revealed no significant differences (p < 0.05) between groups at baseline nor at 180 days after augmentation. There was no statistical difference in sinus floor height gain between the two groups as supported by the 90% confidence intervals of the difference between groups. Good primary implant stability was confirmed in both treatment groups by ITV and ISQ measurements. Conclusions Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that OMSFE using in situ hardening BCP particles results in equivalent sinus floor height gain than using xenograft particles but offers an easier application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kakar
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya University Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka; Senior Consultant, Department of Dentistry, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya University Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Anil Kohli
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. Soni's Dental Clinic, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditya Patney
- Department of Radiology, Mahajan Imaging Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Harsh Mahajan
- Department of Radiology, Mahajan Imaging Center, New Delhi, India
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Hegde S, Madhurkar JG, Kashyap R, Kumar MSA, Boloor V. Comparative evaluation of vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access with platelet-rich fibrin and connective tissue graft in the management of multiple gingival recession defects: A randomized clinical study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2021; 25:228-236. [PMID: 34158690 PMCID: PMC8177182 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_291_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of gingival recession is often multifactorial. Wide array of surgical techniques are available to manage gingival recession. The aim of the present study was to compare, minimally invasive approach (vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access [VISTA]), in combination with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and connective tissue graft (CTG) in the management of multiple recession defects in maxillary anterior region. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 32 sites from 10 systemically healthy controls were allocated randomly to VISTA with PRF (VISTA + PRF) and VISTA with CTG (VISTA + CTG). Plaque index, gingival index, Probing probing pocket depth (PPD), relative attachment level (RAL), recession depth (RD), recession width (RW), width of keratinized gingiva (WKG), and percentage of root coverage (%RC) were calculated at 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS Results showed significant improvement in mean PPD, RAL, RD, RW, and KTW. %RC in VISTA + PRF and VISTA + CTG was 83.25% ± 25.02% and 86.43% ± 22.79%, respectively, at 6 months. There were no significant differences in the parameters between the VISTA + PRF and VISTA + CTG groups. CONCLUSION VISTA is a minimally invasive surgical approach, which can be combined with CTG or PRF in the management of Miller's Class I and Class II recession defects, with predictable outcomes. There were significant improvements in the clinical parameters from baseline to 6 months in both the groups. To match with the CTG, which is the gold standard procedure, PRF can be used as an alternative for treating multiple recession defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be) University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jyosthna Ganapathi Madhurkar
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be) University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajesh Kashyap
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be) University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Maiya S Arun Kumar
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be) University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinita Boloor
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be) University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Shariff M, Doshi R, Pedreira Vaz I, Adalja D, Krishnan A, Hegde S, Kumar A. Impella versus intra-aortic balloon pump in cardiogenic shock: a meta-analysis assessing 30-days mortality. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cardiogenic shock is linked with eminent morbidity and mortality despite advances in treatment modality. Adjuvant treatment modalities to provide mechanical haemodynamic support in the form of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) or Impella are being used among patients with cardiogenic shock. The Impella prunes left ventricular preload, whereas, IABP persuades after load reduction and both contribute to improved cardiac output. A few underpowered randomised control trials (RCTs) and observational studies compared short term mortality benefit of Impella juxtaposed to IABP among patients with cardiogenic shock.
Purpose
A meta-analysis of RCTs and observational studies researching the short-term mortality in cardiogenic shock comparing Impella to IABP was executed.
Methods
The databases PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane were searched systematically to identify relevant RCTs and observational studies contrasting Impella to IABP and reporting 30-days mortality as outcomes. The search terms used were “Impella”, “IAPB”, “intra-aortic balloon pump” and all word variations were utilised. The search was conducted from the debut of the databases up to January 2020. Two reviewers independently and in tandem performed data screening and extraction from identified articles. Inverse variance method with Paule-Mandel estimator for tau2 and Hartung-Knapp adjustment was used to calculate Risk Ratio with 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. Furthermore, we calculated the 95% predictive interval for the pooled estimate. All statistical analysis for this meta-analysis was carried out using R statistical software version 3.6.2 using the package meta ( ). Additionally, Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria were used to assess the certainty of evidence.
Results
Five studies constituting 728 patients were included in the final analysis. Two were RCTs (ISAR-SHOCK trial and IMPRESS in Severe Shock trial), one study was a propensity score matched observational study and two were unmatched observational studies. There was no difference in the risk of 30-days mortality in patients treated with Impella as compared to IABP [Risk Ratio: 0.97, 95% confidence interval: 0.66–1.41, I2: 32%]. To account for the heterogeneity, we calculated 95% predictive interval: 0.46–2.02. Thus, very low certainty of evidence concluded no difference in the risk of 30-days mortality among cardiogenic shock patients treated with Impella in opposition to IABP.
Conclusion
This meta-analysis comparing Impella juxtaposed with IABP demonstrated no difference in the risk of 30-days mortality among patients with cardiogenic shock.
30-days Mortality
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shariff
- St John's Medical College Hospital, Critical Care Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - R Doshi
- University of Nevada, Internal Medicine, Reno, United States of America
| | - I Pedreira Vaz
- Jackson Memorial Hospital, Internal Medicine, Miami, United States of America
| | - D Adalja
- Gotri Medical Education and Research Centre, Internal Medicine, Vadodara, India
| | - A Krishnan
- JJM Medical College, Internal Medicine, Davangere, India
| | - S Hegde
- Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Cardiology, Mysore, India
| | - A Kumar
- St John's Medical College Hospital, Critical Care Medicine, Bangalore, India
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Hegde S, Chatterjee E, Rajesh KS, Arun Kumar MS. Obesity and its association with chronic periodontitis: A cross-sectional study. J Educ Health Promot 2019; 8:222. [PMID: 31867386 PMCID: PMC6905353 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_40_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationship among periodontitis, obesity, and chronic diseases may be multidirectional. Inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6. It has been suggested that the secretion of TNF-α by adipose tissue triggered by lipopolysaccharides from periodontal Gram-negative bacteria promotes hepatic dyslipidemia and decreases insulin sensitivity. AIM To study the association of obesity with the severity of periodontitis and to compare the blood glucose levels and plasma lipid profile in obese and non-obese subjects with chronic periodontitis. METHODOLOGY A total of 84 systemically healthy subjects, aged 30-60 years, were included in the study. Periodontal status of the subjects was assessed by recording Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Gingival Index (Loe and Silness, 1963). Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were used as measures to assess obesity. The fasting plasma lipids level and fasting blood glucose level were measured. Data were analyzed by unpaired 't'test, Fisher's Exact test, and Chi-square test. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in Gingival Index and Community Periodontal Index between the obese and non-obese group. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels showed significant difference between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in mean age, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, and fasting blood glucose levels between the two groups. CONCLUSION The present study showed a positive association between obesity and chronic periodontitis. Further long-term studies involving larger sample size are required to confirm this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Elashri Chatterjee
- Department of Periodontics, Triveni Institute of Dental Sciences, Hospital and Research Centre, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - K S Rajesh
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M S Arun Kumar
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Misra U, TcR R, Kumaravelu S, Arjundas D, Wadia R, Nair R, Alurkar A, Pujarai S, Udhar M, Palasdeonkar N, Buddha S, Kumar S, Salvadeeswaran M, Deasai S, Pammidimukkala V, Sharma M, Kumar K, Percival G, Hegde S, Machhavada K. Indian registry in ischemic stroke- tenecteplase (IRIS- TNK)- An interim analysis. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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N V, Hegde S, Kamble N, Yadav R, Pal PK. Cognitive profile of Parkinson’s disease with and without deficits in motor speed. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hegde S, Patodia A, Shah K, Dixit U. The applicability of the Demirjian, Willems and Chaillet standards to age estimation of 5-15 year old Indian children. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2019; 37:40-50. [PMID: 31187742 PMCID: PMC6875241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demirjian's method of age estimation has been reported to overestimate age and Willems' method to give consistently more accurate results. Not enough, however, is known about the applicability of Chaillet's standards. AIM The present study aimed to compare the accuracy of Demirjian's, Willems' and Chaillet's standards in age estimation of 5 to 15 year-old Indian children. DESIGN In this cross-sectional observational study, three methods were compared for accuracy in estimating the age of 1200 Indian children aged 5-15 years. RESULTS Demirjian's method overestimated age by +0.24 ± 0.80 years, +0.11 ± 0.81years and +0.19 ± 0.80 years in boys, girls and the total sample, respectively. With Willems' method, overestimations of +0.09 ± 0.80 years, +0.08 ± 0.80 years and +0.09 ± 0.80 years were obtained in boys, girls and the total sample, respectively. Chaillet's method underestimated age by -0.12 ± 0.69 years, -0.45 ± 0.88 years and -0.25 ± 0.83 years in boys, girls and the total sample, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between dental and chronological ages with all methods (p < 0.001). Significant sex-based differences were observed only with Demirjian's and Chaillet's methods (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Willems' method was the most accurate in age estimation, followed by Demirjian's and Chaillet's methods. While Demirjian's method was more accurate than Chaillet's in females, Chaillet's method better predicted the age of males.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hegde
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - A Patodia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - K Shah
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - U Dixit
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University- School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Nayak RC, Hegde S, Althoff MJ, Wellendorf AM, Mohmoud F, Perentesis J, Reina-Campos M, Reynaud D, Zheng Y, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J, Cancelas JA. The signaling axis atypical protein kinase C λ/ι-Satb2 mediates leukemic transformation of B-cell progenitors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:46. [PMID: 30610188 PMCID: PMC6320370 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetically regulated transcriptional plasticity has been proposed as a mechanism of differentiation arrest and resistance to therapy. BCR-ABL leukemias result from leukemic stem cell/progenitor transformation and represent an opportunity to identify epigenetic progress contributing to lineage leukemogenesis. Primary human and murine BCR-ABL+ leukemic progenitors have increased activation of Cdc42 and the downstream atypical protein kinase C (aPKC). While the isoform aPKCζ behaves as a leukemic suppressor, aPKCλ/ι is critically required for oncogenic progenitor proliferation, survival, and B-cell differentiation arrest, but not for normal B-cell lineage differentiation. In vitro and in vivo B-cell transformation by BCR-ABL requires the downregulation of key genes in the B-cell differentiation program through an aPKC λ/ι-Erk dependent Etv5/Satb2 chromatin repressive signaling complex. Genetic or pharmacological targeting of aPKC impairs human oncogenic addicted leukemias. Therefore, the aPKCλ/ι-SATB2 signaling cascade is required for leukemic BCR-ABL+ B-cell progenitor transformation and is amenable to non-tyrosine kinase inhibition. The upstream pathways regulating leukemic transcriptional plasticity for differentiation arrest and resistance to therapy are unclear. Here the authors show that aPKC λ/ι-controls leukemic B-cell precursor differentiation arrest trough RAC/MEK/ERK/SATB2 epigenetic repression
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Nayak
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - S Hegde
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati, 3130 Highland Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - M J Althoff
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati, 3130 Highland Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.,Graduate Program of Cancer & Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - A M Wellendorf
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - F Mohmoud
- Graduate Program of Cancer & Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - J Perentesis
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - M Reina-Campos
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - D Reynaud
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Y Zheng
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - M T Diaz-Meco
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - J Moscat
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - J A Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. .,Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati, 3130 Highland Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA. .,Graduate Program of Cancer & Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
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15
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Althaf MSN, Mustafa M, Hosadurga R, Kumar MSA, Hegde S, Kashyap SR. Accuracy of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Over Conventional Radiography (IOPA), Clinical Probing and Direct Surgical Measurements in the Assessment of Periodontal Defects. J Clin Diagn Res 2019. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2019/41840.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Kakar A, Hegde S, Deshpande N, Sripathi Rao B. In direct sinus elevation using different bone grafts in Indian population. Clin Oral Implants Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.348_13358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Hegde S, Bawa M, Mahajan JK, Rao KLN. Erb's palsy complicating a case of annular pancreas. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2018; 11:97-99. [PMID: 29689736 DOI: 10.3233/npm-1816156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We report an unusual presentation of annular pancreas with pneumoperitoneum in a newborn with an associated left sided Erb's palsy. The neurological deficit caused considerable confusion in the diagnosis and unexpected complications after surgery. We highlight the importance of clinical examination and the complications that an Erb's palsy can cause. This unusual triad of Erb's palsy, eventration of diaphragm and annular pancreas has hitherto not been described in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hegde
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - M Bawa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - J K Mahajan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - K L N Rao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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18
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Pathak G, Agostino MJ, Bishara K, Capell WR, Fisher JL, Hegde S, Ibrahim BA, Pilarzyk K, Sabin C, Tuczkewycz T, Wilson S, Kelly MP. PDE11A negatively regulates lithium responsivity. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:1714-1724. [PMID: 27646265 PMCID: PMC5359083 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium responsivity in patients with bipolar disorder has been genetically associated with Phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A), and lithium decreases PDE11A mRNA in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hippocampal neurons originating from lithium-responsive patients. PDE11 is an enzyme uniquely enriched in the hippocampus that breaks down cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. Here we determined whether decreasing PDE11A expression is sufficient to increase lithium responsivity in mice. In dorsal hippocampus and ventral hippocampus (VHIPP), lithium-responsive C57BL/6J and 129S6/SvEvTac mice show decreased PDE11A4 protein expression relative to lithium-unresponsive BALB/cJ mice. In VHIPP, C57BL/6J mice also show differences in PDE11A4 compartmentalization relative to BALB/cJ mice. In contrast, neither PDE2A nor PDE10A expression differ among the strains. The compartment-specific differences in PDE11A4 protein expression are explained by a coding single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at amino acid 499, which falls within the GAF-B homodimerization domain. Relative to the BALB/cJ 499T, the C57BL/6J 499A decreases PDE11A4 homodimerization, which removes PDE11A4 from the membrane. Consistent with the observation that lower PDE11A4 expression correlates with better lithium responsiveness, we found that Pde11a knockout mice (KO) given 0.4% lithium chow for 3+ weeks exhibit greater lithium responsivity relative to wild-type (WT) littermates in tail suspension, an antidepressant-predictive assay, and amphetamine hyperlocomotion, an anti-manic predictive assay. Reduced PDE11A4 expression may represent a lithium-sensitive pathophysiology, because both C57BL/6J and Pde11a KO mice show increased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) relative to BALB/cJ and PDE11A WT mice, respectively. Our finding that PDE11A4 negatively regulates lithium responsivity in mice suggests that the PDE11A SNPs identified in patients may be functionally relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pathak
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - K Bishara
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - W R Capell
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - J L Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - S Hegde
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - B A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - K Pilarzyk
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - C Sabin
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - S Wilson
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M P Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
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Roy A, Hegde S, Srinivas M. Sequelae of stroke a prospective study. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Kalz L, Kalz-Füller B, Hegde S, Schwanitz G. Polymorphisms of Q-band Heterochromatin: Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Features in 3 Ethnic Groups (Europeans, Indians, and Turks). INT J HUM GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2005.11885919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Kalz
- Institute for Human Genetics, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - S. Hegde
- Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India
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21
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Hosadurga R, Shanti T, Hegde S, Kashyap RS, Arunkumar SM. Awareness, knowledge, and attitude of patients toward dental implants - A questionnaire-based prospective study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2017; 21:315-325. [PMID: 29456307 PMCID: PMC5813347 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_139_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In developing nations like India awareness and education about dental implants as a treatment modality is still scanty. AIM The study was conducted to determine the awareness, knowledge, and attitude of patients toward dental implants as a treatment modality among the general population and to assess the influence of personality characteristics on accepting dental implants as a treatment modality in general and as well as treatment group. MATERIALS AND METHODS A structured questionnaire-based survey was conducted on 500 randomly selected participants attending the outpatient department. The study was conducted in 2 parts. In the first part of the study, level of awareness, knowledge, and attitude was assessed. In the second part of the study, interactive educational sessions using audiovisual aids were conducted following which a retest was conducted. The participants who agreed to undergo implant treatment were followed up to assess their change in attitude towards dental implants posttreatment. Thus pain, anxiety, functional, and esthetic benefits were measured using visual analog scale. They were further followed up for 1 year to reassess awareness, knowledge, and attitude towards dental implants. RESULTS A total of 450 individuals completed the questionnaires. Only 106 individuals agreed to participate in the educational sessions and 83 individuals took the retest. Out of these, only 39 individuals chose implants as a treatment option. A significant improvement in the level of information, subjective and objective need for information, was noted after 1 year. CONCLUSION In this study, a severe deficit in level of information, subjective and objective need for information towards, dental implants as a treatment modality was noted. In the treatment group, a significant improvement in perception of dental implant as a treatment modality suggests that professionally imparted knowledge can bring about a change in the attitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Hosadurga
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Tenneti Shanti
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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22
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Kakar A, Rao BHS, Hegde S, Deshpande N, Lindner A, Nagursky H, Patney A, Mahajan H. Ridge preservation using an in situ hardening biphasic calcium phosphate (β-TCP/HA) bone graft substitute-a clinical, radiological, and histological study. Int J Implant Dent 2017. [PMID: 28643222 PMCID: PMC5481287 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-017-0086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-Extraction ridge preservation using bone graft substitutes is a conservative technique to maintain the width of the alveolar ridge. The objective of the present study was to evaluate an in situ hardening biphasic (HA/β-TCP) bone graft substitutes for ridge preservation without primary wound closure or a dental membrane. METHODS A total of 15 patients reported for tooth extraction were enrolled in this study. Implants were placed in average 5.2 ± 2 months after socket grafting. At this visit, Cone Beam CT (CBCT) images and core biopsies were taken. Implant stability (ISQ) was assessed at the insertion as well as at the day of final restoration. RESULTS CBCT data revealed 0.79 ± 0.73 mm ridge width reduction from grafting to implant placement. Histomorphometric analysis of core biopsy samples revealed in average 21.34 ± 9.14% of new bone in the grafted sites. Primary implant stability was high (ISQ levels 70.3 ± 9.6) and further increased until final restoration. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that grafting of intact post-extraction sockets using a biphasic in situ hardening bone graft substitute results in an effective preservation of the ridge contour and sufficient new bone formation in the grafted sites, which is imperative for successful implant placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kakar
- Yenepoya University Dental College, University Road, Mangalore, 575018, India.
| | | | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Yenepoya University Dental College, University Road, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Nikhil Deshpande
- Dental Foundations and Research Centre, Malad, Mumbai, 400064, India
| | - Annette Lindner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heiner Nagursky
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aditya Patney
- Mahajan Imaging Center, K-18 Hauz Khas Enclave, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Harsh Mahajan
- Mahajan Imaging Center, K-18 Hauz Khas Enclave, New Delhi, 110016, India
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23
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Openshaw JJ, Hegde S, Sazzad HMS, Khan SU, Hossain MJ, Epstein JH, Daszak P, Gurley ES, Luby SP. Bat Hunting and Bat-Human Interactions in Bangladeshi Villages: Implications for Zoonotic Disease Transmission and Bat Conservation. Transbound Emerg Dis 2016; 64:1287-1293. [PMID: 27125493 PMCID: PMC5086320 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bats are an important reservoir for emerging zoonotic pathogens. Close human–bat interactions, including the sharing of living spaces and hunting and butchering of bats for food and medicines, may lead to spillover of zoonotic disease into human populations. We used bat exposure and environmental data gathered from 207 Bangladeshi villages to characterize bat exposures and hunting in Bangladesh. Eleven percent of households reported having a bat roost near their homes, 65% reported seeing bats flying over their households at dusk, and 31% reported seeing bats inside their compounds or courtyard areas. Twenty percent of households reported that members had at least daily exposure to bats. Bat hunting occurred in 49% of the villages surveyed and was more likely to occur in households that reported nearby bat roosts (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 2.3, 95% CI 1.1–4.9) and villages located in north‐west (aPR 7.5, 95% CI 2.5–23.0) and south‐west (aPR 6.8, 95% CI 2.1–21.6) regions. Our results suggest high exposure to bats and widespread hunting throughout Bangladesh. This has implications for both zoonotic disease spillover and bat conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Openshaw
- Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S Hegde
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - H M S Sazzad
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S U Khan
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M J Hossain
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - P Daszak
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA
| | - E S Gurley
- International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S P Luby
- Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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25
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Hosadurga R, Nabeel Althaf MS, Hegde S, Rajesh KS, Arun Kumar MS. Influence of sex hormone levels on gingival enlargement in adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy: A pilot study. Contemp Clin Dent 2016; 7:506-511. [PMID: 27994419 PMCID: PMC5141666 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.194099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sex hormones may be a modifying factor in the periodontal disease pathogenesis. Aim: The association between gingival enlargement and sex hormone levels in adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy needs to be determined. Settings and Design: This study was conducted in the Department of Periodontology in association with the Department of Orthodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya University, Mangaluru. Materials and Methods: A pilot study was conducted on 21 adolescent patients between the age group of 13–19 years, who had undergone fixed orthodontic therapy for at least 3 months. Apicocoronally, the gingival enlargement was assessed by the index described by Miller and Damm. Miranda and Brunet index was used to assess gingival overgrowth in the buccal–lingual direction in the interdental papilla. Furthermore, the patients were assigned to two groups - Group 1-GE and Group 2-non-GE. Sex hormones assessed were estradiol and progesterone in females and testosterone in males in both groups. Results: 57.1% of the study population had enlargement of the gingiva. The mean plaque score was 0.59 and 0.56, respectively, in both groups. A statistically significant relationship was found between estradiol and testosterone levels with gingival enlargement. However, a significant relationship was not obtained for progesterone levels with the gingival enlargement. Conclusion: Direct correlation between estradiol, testosterone, and gingival enlargement was seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Hosadurga
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India; Department of Periodontics, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - M S Nabeel Althaf
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kashyap S Rajesh
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M S Arun Kumar
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Chatterjee E, Hegde S, Rajesh KS, Arun Kumar MS. Estimation and correlation of salivary thiocyanate levels in periodontally healthy subjects, smokers, nonsmokers, and gutka-chewers with chronic periodontitis. Indian J Dent Res 2016; 27:12-4. [DOI: 10.4103/0970-9290.179807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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27
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Rajesh KS, Zareena, Hegde S, Arun Kumar MS. Assessment of salivary calcium, phosphate, magnesium, pH, and flow rate in healthy subjects, periodontitis, and dental caries. Contemp Clin Dent 2015; 6:461-5. [PMID: 26681848 PMCID: PMC4678541 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.169846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to estimate and compare inorganic salivary calcium, phosphate, magnesium, salivary flow rate, and pH of unstimulated saliva and oral hygiene status of healthy subjects, subjects with periodontitis and dental caries, and to correlate salivary calcium level with number of intact teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 48 systemically healthy subjects in the age group of 18-55 years, which was further divided into three groups: healthy, periodontitis, and dental caries. Oral hygiene index-simplified, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, the number of intact teeth, and active carious lesions were recorded. Estimation of inorganic salivary calcium, phosphate, and magnesium was performed spectrophotometrically using Vitros 5.1 FS. Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way analysis of variance test at 5% significance level. RESULTS There was a statistically significant increase in inorganic salivary calcium, phosphate, pH, flow rate, and poor oral hygiene status in periodontitis group compared to dental caries and healthy group. CONCLUSION Subjects with increased inorganic salivary calcium, phosphate, pH, flow rate, and poor oral hygiene are at a higher risk of developing periodontitis. Since there is increased remineralization potential, these subjects have more number of intact teeth compared to the dental caries group.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Rajesh
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Zareena
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M S Arun Kumar
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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28
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Sanara PP, Shereef M, Hegde S, Rajesh KS, Arun Kumar MS, Mohamed S. Comparative analysis of gingival crevicular fluid β-glucuronidase levels in health, chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015; 7:S660-5. [PMID: 26538939 PMCID: PMC4606681 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.163596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Current methods available for periodontal disease diagnosis are seriously deficient in terms of accuracy, in the ability to predict ongoing or future disease activity and indeed in determining whether previously diseased sites are in an arrested phase or still active. One area that is receiving a great deal of attention is the biochemical investigation of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). β-glucuronidase (βG) is one of the enzymes found in GCF that is involved in degradation of the ground substance and fibrillar components of host connective tissue. GCF βG activity might be a good indicator or predictor of periodontal disease activity. This study was conducted to estimate and compare the GCF βG levels in patients with healthy periodontium, chronic gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis. Methodology: Subjects were classified into three groups of 20 patients each; healthy individuals, chronic gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis. After recording the plaque index, gingival index and probing pocket depth, 1 μL GCF was collected by placing a calibrated microcapillary pipette extracrevicularly and transferred to sterile plastic vials containing 350 μL of normal saline with 1% bovine serum albumin. Analysis of βG was done by spectrophotometry Results: βG levels in GCF were significantly higher in chronic periodontitis group (mean value - 2.04743), followed by chronic gingivitis group (mean - 1.11510) and healthy group (0.53643). Conclusion: Increased βG levels were observed in patients with increased periodontal destruction, hence GCF βG levels can be used as biochemical marker for periodontal disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Sanara
- Department of Periodontics, KMCT Dental College, Manassery, Calicut, India
| | - Mohammed Shereef
- Department of Periodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Edapally, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - K S Rajesh
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M S Arun Kumar
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shabeer Mohamed
- Department of Periodontics, KMCT Dental College, Manassery, Calicut, India
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Mythri S, Arunkumar SM, Hegde S, Rajesh SK, Munaz M, Ashwin D. Etiology and occurrence of gingival recession - An epidemiological study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2015; 19:671-5. [PMID: 26941519 PMCID: PMC4753713 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.156881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gingival recession is the term used to characterize the apical shift of the marginal gingiva from its normal position on the crown of the tooth. It is frequently observed in adult subjects. The occurrence and severity of the gingival recession present considerable differences between populations. To prevent gingival recession from occurring, it is essential to detect the underlying etiology. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of gingival recession and to identify the most common factor associated with the cause of gingival recession. METHODS A total of 710 subjects aged between 15 years to 60 years were selected. Data were collected by an interview with the help of a proforma and then the dental examination was carried out. The presence of gingival recession was recorded using Miller's classification of gingival recession. The Silness and Loe Plaque Index, Loe and Silness gingival index, community periodontal index were recorded. The data thus obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using Chi-square test and Student's unpaired t-test. RESULTS Of 710 subjects examined, 291 (40.98%) subjects exhibited gingival recession. The frequency of gingival recession was found to increase with age. High frequency of gingival recession was seen in males (60.5%) compared to females (39.5%). Gingival recession was commonly seen in mandibular incisors (43.0%). Miller's class I gingival recession was more commonly seen. The most common cause for gingival recession was dental plaque accumulation (44.1%) followed by faulty toothbrushing (42.7%). CONCLUSION Approximately half of the subjects examined exhibited gingival recession. The etiology of gingival recession is multifactorial, and its appearance is always the result of more than one factor acting together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarpangala Mythri
- Department of Periodontology, Kannur Dental College, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | | | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Mohamed Munaz
- Department of Periodontology, Rangoonwala College of Dental Science, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Devasya Ashwin
- Department of Pedodontics, Kannur Dental College, Kannur, Kerala, India
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Hegde S, Jain M, Shubha AB. A Rare Bilateral Presentation of Multiple Dens Invaginatus, Shovel-Shaped Incisor and Talon Cusp With Mesiodens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 12:292-5. [DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v12i4.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to describe a unique and unusual case of concomitant appearance of morphological dental anomalies in the maxillary anterior region, along with its management in a patient with no systemic abnormality. This case report describes the clinical and radiographic features of talon cusp, dens invaginatus, shovel-shaped incisors and a supernumerary tooth occurring in a single patient, which is a rare presentation. All 4 permanent maxillary incisors had dens invaginatus, the permanent maxillary canines showed the presence of talon cusps, the permanent maxillary central incisors were shovel-shaped and an erupted mesiodens was also observed. Treatment included restorative, surgical and orthodontic approaches.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(4) 2014; 292-295
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Varghese M, Hegde S, Kashyap R, Maiya AK. Quantitative Assessment of Calcium Profile in Whole Saliva From Smokers and Non-Smokers with Chronic Generalized Periodontitis. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC54-7. [PMID: 26155563 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/12334.5948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measures of in vivo calcium status are important in understanding the mineralization capacity as it is an essential mineral component of both teeth and bone; and also play a vital role in the lipid profile and hormonal balance. AIM To evaluate the existence of any disturbances in calcium metabolism and absorption induced by smoking, by quantitatively assessing the variations in the salivary calcium level between smokers and non-smokers with periodontitis and relating to their periodontal status. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 50 male patients were selected and categorized as Group I (smokers with chronic generalized periodontitis) and Group II (non-smoker/ non-tobacco users with chronic generalized periodontitis). Clinical parameters such as Calculus Index and Community Periodontal Index were assessed. Subsequently two ml of unstimulated whole saliva was collected and subjected to biochemical analysis for the estimation of salivary calcium which was carried out in the next 20 min. RESULTS Salivary calcium levels were significantly higher in Group I (2.2700) compared to Group II (1.7260). Higher calculus index and CPI index score were also seen in Group I when compared to Group II. CONCLUSION Elevated salivary calcium level among the Group I emphasize the decreased calcium absorption efficiency among the smokers. High salivary calcium content hardens plaque more rapidly, indirectly influencing the level of oral hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Varghese
- Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, P.S.M college of Dental Science and Research , Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Professor and Head, Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College , India
| | - Rajesh Kashyap
- Professor, Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College , India
| | - Arun Kumar Maiya
- Professor, Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College , India
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Manoor Maiya V, Vaid N, Basu S, Vatyam S, Hegde S, Deshmukh S, Zade B. The Use of Xylitol for the Prevention of Xerostomia in Patients Receiving Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sullivan JA, Jankowska-Gan E, Shi L, Roenneburg D, Hegde S, Greenspan DS, Wilkes DS, Denlinger LC, Burlingham WJ. Differential requirement for P2X7R function in IL-17 dependent vs. IL-17 independent cellular immune responses. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:1512-22. [PMID: 24866539 PMCID: PMC4295495 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
IL17-dependent autoimmunity to collagen type V (Col V) has been associated with lung transplant obliterative bronchiolitis. Unlike the T helper 1 (Th1)-dependent immune responses to Tetanus Toxoid (TT), the Th17 response to Col V in lung transplant patients and its Th1/17 variant observed in coronary artery disease patients requires IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor α and CD14(+) cells. Given the involvement of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in monocyte IL-1β responses, we investigated its role in Th17-, Th1/17- and Th1-mediated proinflammatory responses. Transfer of antigen-pulsed peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMCs) from Col V-reactive patients into SCID mouse footpads along with P2X7R antagonists revealed a selective inhibition of Col V-, but not TT-specific swelling responses. P2X7R inhibitors blocked IL-1β induction from monocytes, including both Col V-α1 peptide-induced (T-dependent), as well as native Col V-induced (T-independent) responses. Significantly higher P2X7R expression was found on CXCR3(neg) CCR4(+)/6(+) CD4(+) [Th17] versus CXCR3(+)CCR4/6(neg) CD4(+) [Th1] subsets in PBMCs, suggesting that the paradigm of selective dependence on P2X7R might extend beyond Col V autoimmunity. Indeed, P2X7R inhibitors suppressed not only anti-Col V, but also Th1/17-mediated alloimmunity, in a heart transplant patient without affecting anti-viral Epstein-Barr virus responses. These results suggest that agents targeting the P2X7R might effectively treat Th17-related transplant pathologies, while maintaining Th1-immunity to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- JA Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792
| | - E Jankowska-Gan
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792
| | - L Shi
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792
| | - D Roenneburg
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792
| | | | - DS Greenspan
- Department of Cell & Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792
| | - DS Wilkes
- Department of Medicine, University of Indiana, 340 W 10th St Suite 6200 Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - LC Denlinger
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792
| | - WJ Burlingham
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792,To whom correspondence should be addressed: 600 Highland Avenue, Room G4/702, Madison, WI 53792. Tel: (608) 263-0119 Fax: (608) 262-6280
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Abstract
Evidence indicates that chronic infections and inflammation are associated with increased risk of cancer development. There has also been considerable evidence that proves the interrelationship between bacterial and viral infections and carcinogenesis. Periodontitis is a chronic oral infection thought to be caused by gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in the dental biofilm. Periodontal bacteria and viruses may act synergistically to cause periodontitis. Many studies have shown that periodontal pockets may act as reservoirs for human papilloma virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus, and suspected agents associated with oral cancer. Periodontitis, characterized by epithelial proliferation and migration, results in a chronic release of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, and enzymes, all of which are associated with cancer development. This review article intends to shed light on the association between periodontal health and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Rajesh
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepak Thomas
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M. S. Arun Kumar
- Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Shanker RK, Mohamed M, Hegde S, Kumar MSA. Influence of personality traits on gingival health. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013; 17:58-62. [PMID: 23633774 PMCID: PMC3636947 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.107476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The maintenance of good oral hygiene is considered a salient issue in dental health promotion. Personality is the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character. Various personality traits have been proposed to influence the oral health. The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of personality characteristics using questionnaire on oral hygiene performance and gingival health. Materials and Methods: In total, 155 patients were subjected to personality questionnaire using Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Clinical parameters such as Patient oral hygiene performance index and gingival index were recorded. Based on Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, the subjects were divided into three groups: Psychoticism, extroversion, and neuroticism. Results: Data analysis showed that subjects in psychoticism and neuroticism groups displayed moderate gingivitis, whereas subjects in extroversion group had severe gingivitis. Subjects in all the three groups demonstrated poor oral hygiene status. No statistically significant relation was found. Conclusions: A considerable clinical correlation was observed between the different personality traits and gingival health status of the subjects. It was not statistically significant. Further trials need to be conducted so as to ascertain this association so that psychological interventions may be undertaken to improve the oral hygiene condition of the population.
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Hegde S, Rao BHS, Kakar RC, Kakar A. A comparison of dentifrices for clinical relief from dentin hypersensitivity using the Jay Sensitivity Sensor Probe. Am J Dent 2013; 26 Spec No B:29B-36B. [PMID: 24156206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical relief from dentin hypersensitivity among subjects provided with a dentifrice formulated with 8% arginine, calcium carbonate and 1,000 ppm fluoride [sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP)] in comparison to those issued a commercially available dentifrice containing 1,000 ppm fluoride [as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP)]. Clinical evaluations for hypersensitivity were performed with a novel tactile hypersensitivity measuring instrument--the Jay Sensitivity Sensor (Jay) Probe--in conjunction with evaporative triggers by air blast (Schiff scale) and Visual Analog Scores (VAS). METHODS Qualified adults from the Mangalore, India area who presented two teeth with dentin hypersensitivity were enrolled for this double-blind, randomized, parallel, controlled clinical trial conducted in an outpatient clinical setting. At baseline, dentin hypersensitivity was evaluated by the Jay Probe (tactile), air blast and VAS methods. Subjects were randomly issued a study dentifrice and instructed to brush their teeth for 1 minute twice daily with the provided dentifrice. Clinical evaluations for hypersensitivity were repeated after 2, 4 and 8 weeks of product use. RESULTS 86 subjects (35 males and 51 females) complied with the study protocol and completed the entire study. At each recall visit, both treatment groups demonstrated significant reductions in dentin hypersensitivity from their corresponding baselines (P < 0.05). Subjects assigned the 8% arginine, calcium carbonate and 1,000 ppm fluoride dentifrice demonstrated statistically significant reductions in responses to tactile stimuli, air blast, and VAS responses in comparison to those using the dentifrice containing 1,000 ppm fluoride after 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepova Dental College, Magalore, India
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Prathap S, Hegde S, Kashyap R, Prathap MS, Arunkumar MS. Clinical evaluation of porous hydroxyapatite bone graft (Periobone G) with and without collagen membrane (Periocol) in the treatment of bilateral grade II furcation defects in mandibular first permanent molars. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013; 17:228-34. [PMID: 23869132 PMCID: PMC3713757 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.113083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Furcation invasions represent one of the most demanding therapeutic challenges in periodontics. This investigation assessed and compared the clinical efficacy of hydroxyapatite bone graft material when used alone and with collagen membrane in the treatment of grade II furcation defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients with comparable bilateral furcation defects in relation to mandibular first molars were selected and treated in a split-mouth design. After the hygiene phase of therapy was completed, the groups were selected randomly either for treatment with hydroxyapatite bone graft (Periobone G) alone or with a combination of bone graft and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane (Periocol). Clinical parameters like plaque index, gingival index, vertical probing depth, horizontal probing depth, clinical attachment level, position of marginal gingiva, and the amount of bone fill were used at baseline and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS At 6 months, both surgical procedures resulted in statistically significant reduction in vertical and horizontal probing depths and gain in the clinical attachment level. CONCLUSION The use of combination technique yielded superior results compared to sites treated with bone graft alone. However, the difference was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthy Prathap
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajesh Kashyap
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M. S. Prathap
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M. S. Arunkumar
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Bennett C, Gangadhar B, Hegde S, Kashyap H, Keshav Kumar J, Mukundan C, Nehra A, Raguram A, Rajakumari K, Rajeswaran J, Rao S, Sadana D, Sadasivan A, Shereena E, Sudhir P, Thomas S. List of contributors. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-416046-0.00013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sen P, Bhuwanesh K, Ashutosh K, Engineer Z, Hegde S, Sen P, Lal R. Micro-Scale Multi-Effect Distillation System for Low Steam Inputs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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George AM, Rajesh KS, Hegde S, Kumar A. Two stage surgical procedure for root coverage. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2012; 16:436-41. [PMID: 23162343 PMCID: PMC3498718 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Gingival recession may present problems that include root sensitivity, esthetic concern, and predilection to root caries, cervical abrasion and compromising of a restorative effort. When marginal tissue health cannot be maintained and recession is deep, the need for treatment arises. This literature has documented that recession can be successfully treated by means of a two stage surgical approach, the first stage consisting of creation of attached gingiva by means of free gingival graft, and in the second stage, a lateral sliding flap of grafted tissue to cover the recession. This indirect technique ensures development of an adequate width of attached gingiva. The outcome of this technique suggests that two stage surgical procedures are highly predictable for root coverage in case of isolated deep recession and lack of attached gingiva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Mary George
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - K. S. Rajesh
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Unnikrishnan B, Jagannath V, Ramapuram JT, Hegde S. Study of depression and its associated factors among women living with HIV AIDS in coastal South India. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3360354 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s1-p137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kunjappu JJ, Mathew VB, Hegde S, Kashyap R, Hosadurga R. Assessment of the alkaline phosphatase level in gingival crevicular fluid, as a biomarker to evaluate the effect of scaling and root planing on chronic periodontitis: An in vivo study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2012; 16:54-7. [PMID: 22438644 PMCID: PMC3303524 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.92974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Clinical evaluation of gingivitis and/or periodontitis does not predict the progression or remission of the disease. Due to this diagnostic constraint, clinicians assume that the pathology has an increased risk of progression and plan treatments, despite the knowledge that all inflamed sites are not necessarily progressing. Extensive research has been carried out on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) components that might serve as potential diagnostic markers for periodontitis. Among them alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in GCF has shown promise as a diagnostic marker. AIM This study compares the levels of GCF alkaline phosphatase in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after scaling and root planing. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is an in vivo longitudinal study conducted on twenty patients with localized periodontitis. The GCF was collected from the affected site prior to scaling and root planing and ALP level estimated. The probing depth and plaque index at the site were also measured for correlation. Patients were recalled after 7, 30, and 60 days for reassessment. RESULTS The GCF ALP values showed a sustained, statistically significant decrease after treatment. There was a positive correlation with probing depth but not with plaque index measured at each interval. CONCLUSION The assessment of level of periodontal disease and effect of mechanical plaque control on the progression and regression of the disease can be evaluated precisely by the corresponding GCF ALP levels. Thus, alkaline phosphatase level is not only a biomarker for the pathology but also an indicator of prognosis of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimly James Kunjappu
- Department of Periodontics, Narayana Dental College, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Babu Mathew
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajesh Kashyap
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajesh Hosadurga
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Karnataka, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Beevi
- Postgraduate student, Yenepoya Dental College, PO Box 575018, Mangalore, India
| | - Shashikanth Hegde
- Professor and Head of Department, Yenepoya Dental College, PO Box 575018, Mangalore, India
| | - Rajesh Kashyap
- Professor, Yenepoya Dental College, PO Box 575018, Mangalore, India
| | - Kumar MS Arun
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, PO Box 575018, Mangalore, India
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Hegde S, Bajaj A, Entwisle J. Incidence of thrombosis in lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(08)70014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Congenital alveolar dysplasia (CAD) is a rare disorder thought to represent alveolar growth arrest at the canalicular stage of development. An infant with CAD diagnosed on lung biopsy is reported, her respiratory problems resolved spontaneously and she was doing well at follow-up. The infant additionally suffered from systemic hypertension and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. In conclusion, we speculate that the association of CAD with systemic hypertension and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis might be explained by abnormalities of isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) resulting in congenital deformities involving smooth muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hegde
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London School of Medicine at Guy's, King's College and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK
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Miquel ME, Rhode KS, Acher PL, Macdougall ND, Blackall J, Gaston RP, Hegde S, Morris SL, Beaney R, Deehan C, Popert R, Keevil SF. Using combined x-ray and MR imaging for prostate I-125 post-implant dosimetry: phantom validation and preliminary patient work. Phys Med Biol 2006; 51:1129-37. [PMID: 16481682 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/51/5/005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Post-implantation dosimetry is an important element of permanent prostate brachytherapy. This process relies on accurate localization of implanted seeds relative to the surrounding organs. Localization is commonly achieved using CT images, which provide suboptimal prostate delineation. On MR images, conversely, prostate visualization is excellent but seed localization is imprecise due to distortion and susceptibility artefacts. This paper presents a method based on fused MR and x-ray images acquired consecutively in a combined x-ray and MRI interventional suite. The method does not rely on any explicit registration step but on a combination of system calibration and tracking. A purpose-built phantom was imaged using MRI and x-rays, and the images were successfully registered. The same protocol was applied to three patients where combining soft tissue information from MRI with stereoscopic seed identification from x-ray imaging facilitated post-implant dosimetry. This technique has the potential to improve on dosimetry using either CT or MR alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Miquel
- Division of Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
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Sermesant M, Rhode K, Sanchez-Ortiz GI, Camara O, Andriantsimiavona R, Hegde S, Rueckert D, Lambiase P, Bucknall C, Rosenthal E, Delingette H, Hill DLG, Ayache N, Razavi R. Simulation of cardiac pathologies using an electromechanical biventricular model and XMR interventional imaging. Med Image Anal 2005; 9:467-80. [PMID: 16006170 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2005.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Simulating cardiac electromechanical activity is of great interest for a better understanding of pathologies and for therapy planning. Design and validation of such models is difficult due to the lack of clinical data. XMR systems are a new type of interventional facility in which patients can be rapidly transferred between X-ray and MR systems. Our goal is to design and validate an electromechanical model of the myocardium using XMR imaging. The proposed model is computationally fast and uses clinically observable parameters. We present the integration of anatomy, electrophysiology, and motion from patient data. Pathologies are introduced in the model and simulations are compared to measured data. Initial qualitative comparison on the two clinical cases presented is encouraging. Once fully validated, these models will make it possible to simulate different interventional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sermesant
- Cardiac MR Research Group, King's College London, 5th Floor Thomas Guy House, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
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Lambiase PD, Hegde S, Sermesant M, Rhode KS, Hill DL, Razavi R, Gill JS. Integrated X-ray & Magnetic Resonance imaging (XMR) -a novel strategy for guiding pulmonary vein ablation. Heart Rhythm 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2005.02.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Williams MR, Hegde S, Norton MR. Informed consent and surgeons in training: do patients consent to allow surgical trainees to operate on them? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 86:465-6. [PMID: 15527593 PMCID: PMC1964262 DOI: 10.1308/1478708041127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M R Williams
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Treliske, Truro, Cornwall, UK
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