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Scherr RE, Linnell JD, Dharmar M, Beccarelli LM, Bergman JJ, Briggs M, Brian KM, Feenstra G, Hillhouse JC, Keen CL, Schaefer SE, Smith MH, Spezzano T, Steinberg FM, Young HM, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Response to "Dramatic Decreases in BMI Percentiles, but Valid Conclusions Can Only Come From Valid Analyses". J Nutr Educ Behav 2018; 50:851. [PMID: 30077580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Scherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, Davis, CA
| | - Jessica D Linnell
- Oregon State University, Extension Family and Community Health Program, Tillamook, OR
| | - Madan Dharmar
- Davis Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Sacramento, CA
| | | | - Jacqueline J Bergman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, Davis, CA
| | - Marilyn Briggs
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, Davis, CA
| | - Kelley M Brian
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Davis, CA; Cooperative Extension, Placer and Nevada Counties, Auburn, CA
| | - Gail Feenstra
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Davis, CA; UC Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - J Carol Hillhouse
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Davis, CA; UC Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Carl L Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Davis, CA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Sara E Schaefer
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Martin H Smith
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Davis, CA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Theresa Spezzano
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California Cooperative Extension, Merced and Stanislaus Counties, University of California, Modesto, CA
| | - Francene M Steinberg
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Heather M Young
- Davis Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Sacramento, CA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Davis, CA
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Fetter DS, Scherr RE, Linnell JD, Dharmar M, Schaefer SE, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Effect of the Shaping Healthy Choices Program, a Multicomponent, School-Based Nutrition Intervention, on Physical Activity Intensity. J Am Coll Nutr 2018. [PMID: 29533146 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1436477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical activity has been shown to have a wide range of beneficial health effects, yet few youth meet the United States physical activity recommendation of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) everyday. The objective of this study was to determine whether physical activity patterns improved in a subsample of fourth-graders participating in the multicomponent intervention, the Shaping Healthy Choices Program (SHCP). METHODS At pre- and post-intervention assessments, youth at the control and intervention schools wore a Polar Active monitor on their nondominant wrist 24 h/d for at least 2 consecutive days. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate change in physical activity by adjusting for covariates and other potential confounders, including ethnicity/race, household income, and sex. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Mean minutes of MVPA significantly increased at the intervention school (22.3 + 37.8; p = 0.01) and at the control school (29.1 + 49.5; p = 0.01). There were no significant differences in the change in MVPA between the schools. Youth at the intervention school significantly decreased mean minutes in sedentary activity compared to the controls (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Youth who participated in the SHCP decreased time spent in sedentary activity and increased very vigorous physical activity from pre- to post-intervention, while these changes were not observed at the control school. The overall small physical activity intensity pattern shift supports that physical activity is an important area to target within a multicomponent nutrition intervention aimed at preventing childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah S Fetter
- a University of California, Davis, Nutrition , Davis , California , USA.,b University of Califonria, Davis, Center for Nutrition in Schools , Davis , California , USA
| | - Rachel Erin Scherr
- a University of California, Davis, Nutrition , Davis , California , USA.,b University of Califonria, Davis, Center for Nutrition in Schools , Davis , California , USA
| | - Jessica D Linnell
- c Oregon State Extension Service, Family and Community Health, Tillamook and Lincoln Counties , Tillamook , Oregon , USA
| | - Madan Dharmar
- d University of California, Davis , Department of Pediatrics , Sacramento , California , USA.,e University of California, Davis, Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing , Sacramento , California , USA
| | - Sara E Schaefer
- f University of California, Davis, Foods for Health Institute , Davis , California , USA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- a University of California, Davis, Nutrition , Davis , California , USA.,b University of Califonria, Davis, Center for Nutrition in Schools , Davis , California , USA
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Taylor JC, Sutter C, Ontai LL, Nishina A, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Feasibility and reliability of digital imaging for estimating food selection and consumption from students’ packed lunches. Appetite 2018; 120:196-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Taylor JC, Zidenberg-Cherr S, Linnell JD, Feenstra G, Scherr RE. Impact of a multicomponent, school-based nutrition intervention on students’ lunchtime fruit and vegetable availability and intake: A pilot study evaluating the Shaping Healthy Choices Program. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2017.1374899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C. Taylor
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jessica D. Linnell
- Family & Community Health, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Tillamook, Oregon, USA
| | - Gail Feenstra
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research & Education Program, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Rachel E. Scherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
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Scherr RE, Linnell JD, Dharmar M, Beccarelli LM, Bergman JJ, Briggs M, Brian KM, Feenstra G, Hillhouse JC, Keen CL, Ontai LL, Schaefer SE, Smith MH, Spezzano T, Steinberg FM, Sutter C, Young HM, Zidenberg-Cherr S. A Multicomponent, School-Based Intervention, the Shaping Healthy Choices Program, Improves Nutrition-Related Outcomes. J Nutr Educ Behav 2017; 49:368-379.e1. [PMID: 28189500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of the Shaping Healthy Choices Program (SHCP). DESIGN A clustered, randomized, controlled intervention lasting 1 school year. SETTING Schools in northern and central California. PARTICIPANTS Fourth-graders (aged 9-10 years) at 2 control schools (n = 179) and 2 intervention schools (n = 230). INTERVENTION Garden-enhanced education, family, and community partnerships; increased regionally procured produce in the lunchroom; and school-site wellness committees. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Changes in body mass index (BMI) percentiles/Z-scores; nutrition knowledge, science process skills, and vegetable identification and preferences; and reported fruit and vegetable intake. ANALYSIS Student t test, chi-square, ANOVA of change, and multilevel regression mixed model to evaluate change in outcomes with school as a random effect to account for cluster design effects. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. RESULTS There was a greater improvement in BMI percentile (-6.08; P < 0.01), BMI Z-score (-0.28; P < .001), and waist-to-height ratio (-0.02; P < .001) in the intervention compared with the control schools. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The SHCP resulted in improvements in nutrition knowledge, vegetable identification, and a significant decrease in BMI percentiles. This supports the concept that the SHCP can be used to improve the health of upper elementary school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Scherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | | | - Madan Dharmar
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Lori M Beccarelli
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | | | - Marilyn Briggs
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Kelley M Brian
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Placer and Nevada Counties, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Auburn, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA
| | - Gail Feenstra
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - J Carol Hillhouse
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Carl L Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Lenna L Ontai
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Sara E Schaefer
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Martin H Smith
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Theresa Spezzano
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; University of California Cooperative Extension, Merced and Stanislaus Counties, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Modesto, CA
| | - Francene M Steinberg
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA
| | - Carolyn Sutter
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Heather M Young
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA.
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Beccarelli LM, Scherr RE, Dharmar M, Ermakov IV, Gellermann W, Jahns L, Linnell JD, Keen CL, Steinberg FM, Young HM, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Using Skin Carotenoids to Assess Dietary Changes in Students After 1 Academic Year of Participating in the Shaping Healthy Choices Program. J Nutr Educ Behav 2017; 49:73-78.e1. [PMID: 28341018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether fourth-grade students participating in the Shaping Healthy Choices Program (SHCP), a school-based nutrition intervention, would change vegetable and carotenoid intake measured by skin carotenoids and dietary intake. METHODS Single-group pretest-posttest with a self-selected, convenience sample of students (n = 30) participating in the SHCP, which lasted 1 academic year (9 months). Dietary intake of vegetables and carotenoids as measured by Block food frequency questionnaire and skin carotenoids as measured by Raman spectroscopy were collected at the school preintervention and postintervention. RESULTS Reported carotenoid intake decreased by 1.5 mg (P = .05) and skin carotenoids decreased by 2,247.9 RRS intensity units (P = .04). Change in reported intake correlated with change in skin carotenoids (r = .43; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The reported decrease in vegetable and carotenoid intake was unanticipated; nevertheless, the RRS measurements confirmed this. RRS data can help evaluate changes in fruit and vegetable intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori M Beccarelli
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Rachel E Scherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
| | - Madan Dharmar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA; Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA
| | | | | | - Lisa Jahns
- US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Jessica D Linnell
- Family and Community Health, Extension Service-Tillamook and Lincoln Counties, Oregon State University, Tillamook, OR
| | - Carl L Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Francene M Steinberg
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA
| | - Heather M Young
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA
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Linnell JD, Smith MH, Briggs M, Brian KM, Scherr RE, Dharmar M, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Evaluating the Relationships Among Teacher Characteristics, Implementation Factors, and Student Outcomes of Children Participating in an Experiential School-Based Nutrition Program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/2373379916649603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine whether teacher characteristics and implementation factors influenced the effectiveness of a multicomponent nutrition education program to improve nutrition-related knowledge and behavior among fourth-grade children. Schools implemented the Shaping Healthy Choices Program (SHCP), a multicomponent nutrition intervention, during 2013-2014. Fourth-grade teachers ( n = 8) at two schools facilitated nutrition education using an experiential, garden-enhanced nutrition curriculum among students ( n = 173) in their classrooms. Teacher characteristics of teaching experience, self-efficacy in teaching nutrition, and knowledge about nutrition were collected at baseline. Implementation factors of fidelity and completion were measured using self-reports and qualitative observations. Student outcomes included body mass index percentile-for-age, nutrition knowledge, critical thinking skills, and identification of vegetables and were measured pre/post. Relationships were analyzed using multivariate mixed-model regression with classroom as a random effect. Pre/post changes were analyzed using t tests. Students improved body mass index percentile-for-age (−1.99 ± 7.95) and increased nutrition knowledge (2.28 ± 3.40), critical thinking skills (1.98 ± 3.28), and the ability to identify vegetables (0.87 ± 1.09). Teachers’ characteristics of teaching experience, experience teaching nutrition, attendance in a college nutrition course, self-efficacy, and nutrition knowledge were significantly related to fidelity and completeness of program implementation. This study demonstrated implementation of SHCP by teachers can positively influence student outcomes, though program implementation depends on teacher characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin H. Smith
- University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Kelley M. Brian
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Madan Dharmar
- University of California, Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA, USA
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Linnell JD, Zidenberg-Cherr S, Briggs M, Scherr RE, Brian KM, Hillhouse C, Smith MH. Using a Systematic Approach and Theoretical Framework to Design a Curriculum for the Shaping Healthy Choices Program. J Nutr Educ Behav 2016; 48:60-69.e1. [PMID: 26547274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the use of a systematic approach and theoretical framework to develop an inquiry-based, garden-enhanced nutrition curriculum for the Shaping Healthy Choices Program. METHODS Curriculum development occurred in 3 steps: identification of learning objectives, determination of evidence of learning, and activity development. Curriculum activities were further refined through pilot-testing, which was conducted in 2 phases. Formative data collected during pilot-testing resulted in improvements to activities. RESULTS Using a systematic, iterative process resulted in a curriculum called Discovering Healthy Choices, which has a strong foundation in Social Cognitive Theory and constructivist learning theory. Furthermore, the Backward Design method provided the design team with a systematic approach to ensure activities addressed targeted learning objectives and overall Shaping Healthy Choices Program goals. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The process by which a nutrition curriculum is developed may have a direct effect on student outcomes. Processes by which nutrition curricula are designed and learning objectives are selected, and how theory and pedagogy are applied should be further investigated so that effective approaches to developing garden-enhanced nutrition interventions can be determined and replicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Linnell
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, CA; University of California Cooperative Extension, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA
| | - Marilyn Briggs
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Rachel E Scherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Kelley M Brian
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA; University of California Cooperative Extension, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA
| | - Carol Hillhouse
- Agricultural Sustainability Institute, School Garden, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Martin H Smith
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, CA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, CA.
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Nguyen LM, Scherr RE, Linnell JD, Ermakov IV, Gellermann W, Jahns L, Keen CL, Miyamoto S, Steinberg FM, Young HM, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Evaluating the relationship between plasma and skin carotenoids and reported dietary intake in elementary school children to assess fruit and vegetable intake. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 572:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Jones AM, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Exploring nutrition education resources and barriers, and nutrition knowledge in teachers in California. J Nutr Educ Behav 2015; 47:162-169. [PMID: 25257845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine barriers to nutrition education, nutrition education resources used, and the relationship between nutrition knowledge and whether public school teachers in California teach nutrition in the classroom. METHODS A total of 102 teachers in California participated in a Web-based survey about nutrition education barriers, resources used to plan nutrition lessons, and factors that would encourage inclusion of nutrition. A validated questionnaire was used to assess nutrition knowledge. Analyses included ordinary least-squares regression. RESULTS Common barriers were lack of instructional time and unrelated subject. Teachers were unaware of many nutrition education resources. Nutrition knowledge was not associated with nutrition lessons but was positively associated with teaching high school (β = 5.13; P < .05) and female gender (β = 6.78; P < .05), and negatively associated with identifying as Hispanic or Latino (β = -15.50; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Barriers of time and lack of unrelated subject matter are difficult to address but lack of awareness of resources indicates that promotion of existing resources may encourage teachers to provide nutrition education. Larger studies are needed to determine whether this holds true in a broader sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marie Jones
- Center for Nutrition in Schools, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Center for Nutrition in Schools, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
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Jones AM, Lamp C, Neelon M, Nicholson Y, Schneider C, Wooten Swanson P, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Reliability and validity of nutrition knowledge questionnaire for adults. J Nutr Educ Behav 2015; 47:69-74. [PMID: 25242506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the validity and reliability of a nutrition knowledge questionnaire for adults in California. METHODS A convenience sample of adults was recruited for cognitive interviews. A mail-based survey of 400 randomly selected addresses was used to assess internal consistency (Cronbach α). Researchers assessed content validity (Student t test) and test-retest reliability (Pearson correlation) in a convenience sample of university students who had previously taken a college nutrition course, compared with students who had not. RESULTS Twenty adults participated in cognitive interviews, 94 adults returned the mailed questionnaire, and 48 university students participated in validity and reliability testing. Cronbach α = .91 and test-retest r = 0.95, demonstrating internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability. Students who had taken a college-level nutrition course scored significantly higher compared with students who had not (P < .001), demonstrating construct validity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Findings show that the questionnaire is a valid and reliable nutrition knowledge measure for use in California and may be of use in other places.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marie Jones
- Center for Nutrition in Schools, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Cathi Lamp
- University of California Cooperative Extension Tulare County, Tulare, CA
| | - Marisa Neelon
- University of California Cooperative Extension Contra Costa County, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - Yvonne Nicholson
- University of California Cooperative Extension Sacramento County, Sacramento, CA
| | - Connie Schneider
- University of California Agricultural and Natural Resources, Davis, CA
| | | | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Center for Nutrition in Schools, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
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Scherr RE, Linnell JD, Smith MH, Briggs M, Bergman J, Brian KM, Dharmar M, Feenstra G, Hillhouse C, Keen CL, Nguyen LM, Nicholson Y, Ontai L, Schaefer SE, Spezzano T, Steinberg FM, Sutter C, Wright JE, Young HM, Zidenberg-Cherr S. The Shaping Healthy Choices Program: design and implementation methodologies for a multicomponent, school-based nutrition education intervention. J Nutr Educ Behav 2014; 46:e13-e21. [PMID: 25457732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a framework for implementation of multicomponent, school-based nutrition interventions. This article describes the research methods for the Shaping Healthy Choices Program, a model to improve nutrition and health-related knowledge and behaviors among school-aged children. DESIGN Longitudinal, pretest/posttest, randomized, controlled intervention. SETTING Four elementary schools in California. PARTICIPANTS Fourth-grade students at intervention (n = 252) and control (n = 238) schools and their parents and teachers. Power analyses demonstrate that a minimum of 159 students per group will be needed to achieve sufficient power. The sample size was determined using the variables of nutrition knowledge, vegetable preference score, and body mass index percentile. INTERVENTION A multicomponent school-based nutrition education intervention over 1 academic year, followed by activities to support sustainability of the program. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Dietary and nutrition knowledge and behavior, critical thinking skills, healthy food preferences and consumption, and physical activity will be measured using a nutrition knowledge questionnaire, a food frequency questionnaire, a vegetable preferences assessment tool, the Test of Basic Science Process Skills, digital photography of plate waste, PolarActive accelerometers, anthropometrics, a parent questionnaire, and the School and Community Actions for Nutrition survey. ANALYSIS Evaluation will include quantitative and qualitative measures. Quantitative data will use paired t, chi-square, and Mann-Whitney U tests and regression modeling using P = .05 to determine statistical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Scherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Jessica D Linnell
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Martin H Smith
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California Cooperative Extension, Davis, CA
| | - Marilyn Briggs
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Jacqueline Bergman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Kelley M Brian
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Madan Dharmar
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California Cooperative Extension, Merced and Stanislaus Counties, Modesto, CA
| | - Gail Feenstra
- UC Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Carol Hillhouse
- School Gardening Program, Agricultural Sustainability Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Carl L Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Lori M Nguyen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Yvonne Nicholson
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California Cooperative Extension, Sacramento County, Sacramento, CA
| | - Lenna Ontai
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California Cooperative Extension, Davis, CA
| | - Sara E Schaefer
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Theresa Spezzano
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California Cooperative Extension, Merced and Stanislaus Counties, Modesto, CA
| | | | - Carolyn Sutter
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Janel E Wright
- University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California Cooperative Extension, Davis, CA
| | - Heather M Young
- Davis Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California Cooperative Extension, Davis, CA.
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13
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Bersamin A, Wolsko C, Luick B, Boyer B, Lardon C, Hopkins S, Stern JS, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Enculturation, perceived stress, and physical activity: implications for metabolic risk among the Yup'ik--the Center for Alaska Native Health Research Study. Ethn Health 2014; 19:255-69. [PMID: 23297688 PMCID: PMC3644025 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2012.758691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES American Indians and Alaska Natives (ANs) report among the lowest levels of physical activity in the USA, but there is very little systematic research examining the determinants of physical activity patterns in these populations. This study investigated the relationships between enculturation (or cultural traditionality), psychosocial stress, and physical activity in a community-based sample of Yup'ik women and men living in rural AN communities. Associations between these variables and several metabolic risk factors were also examined. DESIGN A sample of 488 Yup'ik participants (284 women and 204 men) from six villages in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta region completed a wellness survey and an array of physiological assessments [e.g., body mass index (BMI), blood pressure]. A subset of 179 participants also completed a 3-day pedometer assessment of physical activity. RESULTS Multivariate linear regression models indicated that participants who were more enculturated (i.e., living more of a traditional lifestyle) and who experienced lower levels of psychosocial stress were significantly more physically active. In turn, both lower levels of psychosocial stress and higher levels of physical activity were associated with lower BMI, lower percent body fat, and lower waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the importance of gaining a culturally specific understanding of physical activity patterns in indigenous groups in order to inform effective health promotion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bersamin
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska
| | | | - Bret Luick
- Natural Resource Management, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska
| | - Bert Boyer
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska
| | - Cecile Lardon
- Psychology Department, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska
| | - Scarlett Hopkins
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska
| | - Judith S. Stern
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
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14
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Bergman JJ, Briggs MM, Beall DL, Curwood S, Gray P, Soiseth S, Taylor RK, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Stepping up to the challenge: the development, implementation, and assessment of a statewide, regional, leadership program for school nutrition directors. Health Promot Pract 2014; 16:122-31. [PMID: 24740964 DOI: 10.1177/1524839914530399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A statewide professional development program was developed and implemented throughout California for school nutrition directors with the goal of creating healthy school environments and regional networks for collaboration and healthy school environment sustainability. Needs of school nutrition directors were identified through a needs assessment questionnaire. Results of the needs assessment questionnaire (n = 256) identified (a) planning cost-effective menus; (b) reducing calories, sodium, saturated fat, and trans fat in menus; and (c) using U.S. Department of Agriculture foods cost-effectively as the most useful topics. Highest rated topics informed the content of the professional development program. A post-professional development questionnaire identified key "insights, inspirations, and strategies" as (a) marketing of school foods program, (b) expansion of salad bars, and (c) collaboration with community partners. A 6-month follow-up questionnaire identified that 86% of participants made progress toward implementing at least one of their five insights, inspirations, and strategies in their school districts. Most common areas that were implemented were marketing and branding (32%), revamping salad bars (18%), and motivating staff (16%). School and Community Actions for Nutrition survey analysis showed a significant increase in the use of marketing methods in school nutrition programs from baseline to 6-month post-program implementation (p = .024).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline J Bergman
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marilyn M Briggs
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Pilar Gray
- Fort Bragg Unified School District, Fort Bragg, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Nutrition in Schools, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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15
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Linnell J, Briggs M, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Calcium Counts curriculum improves fifth-graders' knowledge about calcium-rich food. J Nutr Educ Behav 2013; 45:191-193. [PMID: 23312575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Linnell
- Center for Nutrition in Schools, Nutrition Department, University of California-Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
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16
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Hazzard EL, Moreno E, Beall DL, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Factors contributing to a school's decision to apply for the California Instructional School Garden Program. J Nutr Educ Behav 2012; 44:379-383. [PMID: 22236495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the applicant schools (AS) to non-applicant schools (NAS) residing in the same school districts for the California Instructional School Garden Program and identify barriers to the application process. METHODS A case-control, cross-sectional study design was used to compare resources and school environments. Pearson chi-square and logistic regression were conducted. RESULTS Public schools throughout California participated (n = 1,662). The response rates for AS and NAS were 43.2% and 48.2%, respectively. Applicant schools had greater access to garden coordinators and parent/community volunteers dedicated to school gardens, and they had other sources of funds/grants to support school gardens compared to NAS (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Access to certain garden resources played a significant role in predicting whether schools would decide to participate in the California Instructional School Garden Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric L Hazzard
- Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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17
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Bergman JJ, Beall D, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Stepping Up to the Challenge: the development, implementation, and assessment of a statewide, regional leadership program for child nutrition directors. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.815.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah Beall
- Nutrition Services DivisionCalifornia Department of EducationSacramentoCA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsDepartment of NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
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18
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Miller RJ, Scherr RE, Rittenhouse T, Feenstra G, Ohmart J, Hillhouse C, Farfan-Ramirez L, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Evaluating the impact of Farm to School programs on vegetable preference and consumption patterns among school‐aged children. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.815.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Miller
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsDepartment of NutritionUniversity Of California, DavisDavisCA
| | - Rachel E Scherr
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsDepartment of NutritionUniversity Of California, DavisDavisCA
| | - Thea Rittenhouse
- Department of Community and Regional DevelopmentUniversity of California, DavisDavisCA
| | - Gail Feenstra
- Agricultural Sustainability InstituteUniversity of California, DavisDavisCA
| | - Jeri Ohmart
- Agricultural Sustainability InstituteUniversity of California, DavisDavisCA
| | - Carol Hillhouse
- Agricultural Sustainability InstituteUniversity of California, DavisDavisCA
| | | | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsDepartment of NutritionUniversity Of California, DavisDavisCA
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19
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Linnell J, Briggs M, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Exposure to calcium‐rich foods lessons increases nutrition knowledge among 5th‐grade students. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.815.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Linnell
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsDepartment of NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | - Marilyn Briggs
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsDepartment of NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsDepartment of NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
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20
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Jones AM, Lamp C, Neelon M, Nicholson Y, Schneider C, Swanson PW, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Development of a Questionnaire to Measure Nutrition Knowledge in Adults. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.815.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marie Jones
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsDepartment of NutritionUniversity of California, DavisDavisCA
| | - Catherine Lamp
- Cooperative Extension Tulare CountyUniversity of CaliforniaTulareCA
| | - Marisa Neelon
- Cooperative Extension Contra Costa CountyUniversity of CaliforniaPleasant HillCA
| | - Yvonne Nicholson
- Cooperative Extension Sacramento CountyUniversity of CaliforniaSacramentoCA
| | - Connie Schneider
- Agricultural and Natural ResourcesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | | | - Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsDepartment of NutritionUniversity of California, DavisDavisCA
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21
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Hazzard EL, Moreno E, Beall DL, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Best practices models for implementing, sustaining, and using instructional school gardens in California. J Nutr Educ Behav 2011; 43:409-413. [PMID: 21906553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 03/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To ascertain best practices for schools implementing or sustaining instructional school gardens by interviewing key members in 10 schools with exemplary instructional school gardens programs in California. Practices of schools with exemplary instructional school gardens programs were analyzed by constant comparative analysis using qualitative data analysis software. Seven of the 10 schools had people from at least 3 of the following 4 groups: administrators, teachers, parent and community volunteers and garden coordinators. Nine of 10 schools had a part- or full-time garden coordinator. Results demonstrated that a committee committed to instructional school gardens is the most important step towards success.
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22
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Cena ER, Joy AB, Heneman K, Espinosa-Hall G, Garcia L, Schneider C, Wooten Swanson PC, Hudes M, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Folate Intake and Food-Related Behaviors in Nonpregnant, Low-Income Women of Childbearing Age. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 108:1364-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2007] [Accepted: 12/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Bersamin A, Luick BR, King IB, Stern JS, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Westernizing diets influence fat intake, red blood cell fatty acid composition, and health in remote Alaskan Native communities in the center for Alaska Native health study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 108:266-73. [PMID: 18237575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2007.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of a Westernizing diet on fat intake, red blood cell fatty acid composition, and health risks among Yup'ik Eskimos living in rural Alaskan Native communities. DESIGN Diet data and blood specimens were collected from 530 Yup'ik Eskimos aged 14 to 94 years old. Height, weight, and waist circumference were measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Comparisons of select fatty acid intake between participants in quintiles of traditional food intake (percent energy) were made using analyses of variance and post hoc Bonferroni tests. General linear models were used to determine the association between traditional food intake and health outcomes. RESULTS Fatty acid composition of the diet differed according to the level of traditional food intake. Traditional food intake was positively associated with higher total fat, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid intake. No association was observed between traditional food intake and saturated fatty acid intake; indeed, participants consuming more traditional foods derived a substantially smaller proportion of their dietary fatty acids from saturated fatty acids (P<0.001). Analyses of red blood cell fatty acid composition supported these findings. After multivariable adjustment, traditional food intake was significantly positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and significantly negatively associated with triglyceride concentration (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Diets emphasizing traditional Alaskan Native foods were associated with a fatty acid profile promoting greater cardiovascular health than diets emphasizing Western foods. Further research needs to evaluate the effects of a Westernizing diet on the overall diet of Alaskan Natives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bersamin
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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24
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Schneider JM, Fujii ML, Lamp CL, Lönnerdal B, Dewey KG, Zidenberg-Cherr S. The use of multiple logistic regression to identify risk factors associated with anemia and iron deficiency in a convenience sample of 12-36-mo-old children from low-income families. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87:614-20. [PMID: 18326599 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/87.3.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) anemia among preschool-age children remains relatively high in some areas across the United States. Determination of risk factors associated with ID is needed to allow children with identifiable risk factors to receive appropriate education, testing, and follow-up. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate risk factors associated with anemia and ID in a sample of children participating in or applying for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). DESIGN The study was a cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 12-36-mo-old children recruited from WIC clinics in 2 California counties (n = 498). RESULTS Current WIC participation by the child and a greater rate of weight gain were negatively associated, and current maternal pregnancy was positively associated with anemia (hemoglobin < 110 g/L at 12-<24 mo or < 111 g/L at 24-36 mo) after control for age, sex, and ethnicity. Maternal WIC participation during pregnancy, child age, and the intake of > or =125 mL orange or tomato juice/d were negatively associated, and being male and living in an urban location were positively associated with ID (> or =2 of the following abnormal values: ferritin < or = 8.7 microg/L, transferrin receptors > or = 8.4 microg/mL, and transferrin saturation < or = 13.2%). CONCLUSIONS Current WIC participation by the child and maternal WIC participation during pregnancy were negatively associated with anemia and ID, respectively. It is anticipated that the risk factors identified in this study will be included in the development of an educational intervention focused on reducing the risk factors for ID and ID anemia in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Schneider
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
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25
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Schneider JM, Fujii ML, Lamp CL, Lönnerdal B, Zidenberg-Cherr S. The Prevalence of Low Serum Zinc and Copper Levels and Dietary Habits Associated with Serum Zinc and Copper in 12- to 36-Month-Old Children from Low-Income Families at Risk for Iron Deficiency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 107:1924-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2007.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Bersamin A, Zidenberg-Cherr S, Stern JS, Luick BR. Nutrient intakes are associated with adherence to a traditional diet among Yup'ik Eskimos living in remote Alaska Native communities: the CANHR Study. Int J Circumpolar Health 2007; 66:62-70. [PMID: 17451135 DOI: 10.3402/ijch.v66i1.18228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether dietary westernization is associated with intake of select nutrients among Alaska Natives living in remote communities. To investigate participant characteristics associated with adherence to the traditional Alaska Native diet. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS A 24-hour recall was collected from 241 men and 307 women aged 14-94 years living in seven remote communities of Western Alaska. Bivariate analyses and ANOVA were used to examine the relationship between energy from traditional foods (the primary variable of interest), participant characteristics and intake of select nutrients. RESULTS Traditional foods accounted for 22% of energy intake.overall. This estimate varied by age, educational attainment, and geographic location. Participants in the highest quintile of traditional food intake consumed significantly more vitamin A, vitamin D, Vitamin E, Iron, and n-3 fatty acids than participants in the lowest quintile (p < 0.001). Intake of vitamin C, calcium, and total dietary fiber decreased with increased consumption of traditional foods (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The degree of dietary westernization contributes to nutrient intake, both positively and negatively, in a dose response manner. Participant characteristics, particularly age, must be addressed in the development of a nutrition education program since they are associated with distinct dietary intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bersamin
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford, California, USA
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27
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Bersamin A, Luick BR, Ruppert E, Stern JS, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Diet Quality among Yup’ik Eskimos Living in Rural Communities Is Low: The Center for Alaska Native Health Research Pilot Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 106:1055-63. [PMID: 16815122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2006.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this pilot study were to describe the nutrient intake of Yup'ik Eskimos in comparison with national intake, identify dietary sources of key nutrients, and assess the utility of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) to measure diet quality of Yup'ik Eskimos living in rural Alaskan Native communities. PARTICIPANTS AND DESIGN A single 24-hour recall was collected from 48 male and 44 female Yup'ik Eskimos (aged 14 to 81 years), who resided in three villages in the Yukon Kuskokwim River Delta, AK, during September 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES HEI scores, nutrient intake, and traditional food intake. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Spearman correlations for associations between variables. RESULTS Youth scored higher than elders despite similar nutrient intakes. Overall diet quality was generally low; 63% of all participants' diets were classified as poor. Although the HEI serves to identify areas of concern with respect to diet quality, it is limited in its ability to detect the positive value of traditional foods. CONCLUSIONS Traditional foods and healthful market foods, including rich sources of fiber and calcium, should be encouraged. Although traditional foods were important sources of energy and nutrients, market foods composed the preponderance of the diet, emphasizing the importance of appropriately modifying a diet quality index based on a Western framework, such as the HEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bersamin
- Department of Nutrition, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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28
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Graham H, Zidenberg-Cherr S. California teachers perceive school gardens as an effective nutritional tool to promote healthful eating habits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 105:1797-800. [PMID: 16256767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2005.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed elementary school teachers' perceived attitudes and barriers associated with school gardens, as well as the purpose and use of gardens in schools, specifically in relation to the link between gardens and nutrition. The questionnaire was mailed to California fourth-grade teachers at schools with gardens (N = 1,665). The response rate was 36% (n = 592). Teachers perceived the garden to be somewhat to very effective at enhancing academic performance, physical activity, language arts, and healthful eating habits. Nutrition was taught with the use of the garden by 47% of responding teachers. This research provides evidence for needed standards-based curricula materials and teacher training in relation to gardening and nutrition. The results from this study will contribute to development of needed resources and methods by which to encourage the use of gardens and nutrition education in schools.
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Heneman K, Block-Joy A, Zidenberg-Cherr S, Donohue S, Garcia L, Martin A, Metz D, Smith D, West E, Steinberg FM. A "contract for change" increases produce consumption in low-income women: a pilot study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 105:1793-6. [PMID: 16256766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2005.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study determined whether a "Contract for Change" goal-setting exercise enhanced the effectiveness of the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education/Food Stamp Nutrition Education programs to increase produce consumption in low-income (<130% of poverty) women after 4 weeks. Thirty-eight participants were randomized in this three-group parallel arm study: (a) control group participants received life-skills lessons, (b) the education group received the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education/Food Stamp Nutrition Education "Food Guide Pyramid" lessons, and (c) the contract group also received the "Food Guide Pyramid" series and completed a "Contract for Change." It was hypothesized that the contract group would have the greatest increases in advancement toward dietary change and produce consumption. Compared with controls, the contract group significantly moved toward acceptance of vegetable consumption (P < or = .05). Compared with the education group, the contract group significantly increased fruit consumption. Results suggest that nutrition professionals can effectively use goal-setting to assist low-income populations with dietary change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karrie Heneman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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30
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Schneider JM, Fujii ML, Lamp CL, Lönnerdal B, Dewey KG, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Anemia, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia in 12-36-mo-old children from low-income families. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 82:1269-75. [PMID: 16332660 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/82.6.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world and remains relatively common in at-risk groups in the United States. The actual prevalence of anemia, ID, and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in California remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine the prevalence of anemia, low iron stores, ID, and IDA in children participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) population, and to assess the value of using hemoglobin to predict ID. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 12-36-mo-old children from WIC clinics in 2 California counties. RESULTS The prevalence of anemia was 11.1% (hemoglobin <110 g/L at 12-24 mo or <111 g/L at 24-36 mo). Study- and literature-determined abnormal values for iron measures were as follows: serum ferritin <or=8.7 or <10.0 microg/L, serum transferrin receptor >or=8.4 or >10.0 microg/mL, and transferrin saturation <or=13.2% or <10.0%, respectively. The prevalences of low iron stores (low ferritin) were 24.8% and 29.0%, of ID (>or=2 abnormal iron measures) were 16.2% and 8.8%, and of IDA (ID with low hemoglobin) were 3.4% and 3.2% on the basis of study- and literature-determined cutoffs, respectively. Hemoglobin concentration was used to predict study- and literature-determined ID on the basis of receiver operating characteristic curves. The sensitivity of low hemoglobin in predicting study- and literature-determined ID was low (23.2% and 40.0%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Anemia and ID were prevalent in this WIC sample, but IDA was uncommon. Low hemoglobin is a poor predictor of ID.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the status of gardens in California schools. DESIGN A self-administered Internet and mailed survey was sent to all California principals (N = 9805). PARTICIPANTS 4194 California school principals. VARIABLES MEASURED School garden practices, attitudes associated with the use of gardens in schools, and perceptions of barriers to having and using school gardens in academic instruction. ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics and chi-square; P < .05. RESULTS A 43% response rate was achieved. The most frequent reason for having a garden was for enhancement of academic instruction. Gardens were most commonly used for teaching science, environmental studies, and nutrition. Principals strongly agreed that resources such as curriculum materials linked to academic instruction and lessons on teaching nutrition in the garden would assist in the school garden being used for academic instruction. Principals deemed the garden as being not to slightly effective at enhancing the school meal program. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS School gardens appear to be predominantly used by most schools to enhance academic instruction. There is a need for curriculum materials and teacher training for gardening and nutrition. The link between the garden and the school meal program is an area that clearly requires attention. School lunch would be a logical setting for provision of edible produce, in addition to taste-testing of fresh produce in the garden or classroom setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Graham
- Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Morris JL, Koumjian KL, Briggs M, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Nutrition to grow on: a garden-enhanced nutrition education curriculum for upper-elementary schoolchildren. J Nutr Educ Behav 2002; 34:175-176. [PMID: 12047843 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-4046(06)60088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Morris
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Morris JL, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Garden-enhanced nutrition curriculum improves fourth-grade school children's knowledge of nutrition and preferences for some vegetables. J Am Diet Assoc 2002; 102:91-3. [PMID: 11794509 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Morris
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
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Hanna LA, Peters JM, Wiley LM, Zidenberg-Cherr S, Keen CL. Enhancing effect of maternal zinc deficiency and 137Cs gamma-irradiation on the frequency of fetal malformations in mice. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 2000; 17:127-37. [PMID: 9436262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that in mammals transitory zinc (Zn) deficiency during embryogenesis can have a negative influence on fetal development. Similar to Zn deficiency, maternal exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation during the first day of pregnancy has been shown to negatively affect preimplantation embryo development, and higher doses of maternal irradiation during late stages of embryogenesis can result in malformations. Here we report the effect of transitory maternal Zn deprivation combined with low dose irradiation during embryogenesis on fetal outcome. Pregnant mice were acutely dosed with 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, or 0.25 Gy of gamma-radiation the day after mating (GD0), or with 0.00 or 0.50 Gy on GD8. Mice irradiated on GD0 were either fed a low Zn diet (0.4 microgram Zn/g) for 48 h prior to mating through GD0 or GD5 and then switched to a control diet (50 micrograms Zn/g) through GD18, or they were fed the control diet throughout gestation. Dams irradiated on GD8 were either fed the low Zn diet from GD0 through GD10 and then switched to the control diet, or they were fed the control diet throughout gestation. Zn deprivation did not influence any of the maternal or embryonic/fetal parameters measured in the cohorts fed the low Zn diet through GD0. In contrast, groups fed the low Zn diet through GD5 or GD10 had lower mean maternal body weights, fewer live fetuses/litter, and a higher incidence of resorptions than controls. Fetuses from dams fed the low Zn diet through GD10 were smaller and shorter, and had a higher frequency of malformations than controls. Irradiation on GD8 under adequate Zn conditions had no effect on any parameter, but GD8 irradiation during maternal Zn deficiency had an additive effect on the frequency of fetal malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Hanna
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
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35
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Neyman MR, Block G, Johns M, Sutherlin JM, McDonald RB, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Effect of participation in congregate-site meal programs on the energy and nutrient intakes of Hispanic seniors. J Am Diet Assoc 1998; 98:1460-2. [PMID: 9850118 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(98)00331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M R Neyman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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36
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Keen CL, Taubeneck MW, Zidenberg-Cherr S, Daston GP, Rogers JM. Toxicant exposure and trace element metabolism in pregnancy. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 1997; 4:301-308. [PMID: 21781838 DOI: 10.1016/s1382-6689(97)10028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A review of the literature provides support for the concept that maternal nutritional status has a significant influence on embryonic and fetal development. The consumption of `poor' diets has been shown to be a risk factor for poor pregnancy outcome, while the provision of selected nutritional supplements prior to and during pregnancy has been associated with improved pregnancy outcome. Despite the above, it has been difficult to identify specific nutrient deficiencies as causative factors of abnormal development. One explanation for this failure is that embryo/fetal nutritional deficiencies can arise through a number of mechanisms in addition to a low maternal intake of a nutrient(s). Evidence is presented for the hypothesis that the developmental toxicity of a number of teratogens can be ascribed, in part, to their ability to induce alterations in the partitioning of essential trace elements between the maternal and fetal unit. An implication of the above hypothesis is that maternal diet can be an important modulator of the developmental toxicity of several agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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37
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Neyman MR, Zidenberg-Cherr S, McDonald RB. Effect of participation in congregate-site meal programs on nutritional status of the healthy elderly. J Am Diet Assoc 1996; 96:475-83. [PMID: 8621873 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(96)00133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate whether participation in a congregate-site meal program influenced the nutritional status of a group of healthy elderly. DESIGN Nutritional status, as defined by dietary intake and biochemical indexes, was assessed in free-living persons (aged 60 to 89 years) who either did (n = 70) or did not (n = 65) participate in the meal program. Three-day mean intakes of 17 nutrients and serum levels of 13 indexes of nutritional status were measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Multifactorial analysis of variance was used to determine differences in nutrient intake data and biochemical indexes between the groups. By means of correlation analysis, relationships between income and main outcome measures were examined. chi 2 Analysis was used to determine differences in response to categorical variables of the questionnaire. RESULTS In general, dietary intakes of participants did not differ significantly from those of nonparticipants, nor did the meal provided at the site significantly affect the overall dietary intake of participants. Mean biochemical indexes of nutritional status were within normal ranges for participants and nonparticipants, except for iron. However, 26% of the population consumed diets that may place them at risk for nutritional inadequacy. CONCLUSIONS Mean dietary intake data and biochemical indexes of nutritional status suggest that the congregate-site meal program did not significantly affect the nutritional status of the population surveyed. Additional studies focusing on the nutritional intake and status of low-income, ethnic minority, and socially isolated participants in the congregate-site meal program are needed to assess which populations are at risk for nutritional deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Neyman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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38
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Peters JM, Wiley LM, Zidenberg-Cherr S, Keen CL. Periconceptional zinc deficiency affects uterine 3H-estradiol binding in mice. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 1995; 15:23-31. [PMID: 7604389 DOI: 10.1002/tcm.1770150104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
To better define the mechanisms by which zinc (Zn) deficiency influences periconceptional development, we examined the effects of this developmental insult on uterine estrogen metabolism. CD-1 mice were assigned to 1 of 3 groups (Low Zn, LZ; Control, C; or Replete, R) and fed either a low Zn (< or = 0.3 microgram Zn/g) or control diet (47 micrograms Zn/g) 5 days prior to gestation day (GD) 0 and continuing up to GD 4 during early pregnancy. Mice in the R group were fed the low Zn diet until GD 1 after which they were fed the control diet. Uterine 3H-estradiol binding in vivo was measured on GD 2, GD 3, and GD 4. Binding was similar among groups on GD 2 and GD 3, but was lower on GD 4 in LZ mice than in C and R mice (61% of control value). On GD 4, uterine 3H-estradiol binding in vitro was measured and was lower in LZ mice than in C and R mice (63-74% of control values); the reduction in binding was due to lower receptor number. Thus, Zn deficiency can result in a reduction in uterine estradiol receptors and estradiol binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Peters
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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39
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Keen CL, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Should vitamin-mineral supplements be recommended for all women with childbearing potential? Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59:532S-538S; discussion 538S-539S. [PMID: 8304292 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/59.2.532s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in maternal nutritional status as a critical factor for prenatal development has increased. When supplemented before conception, iodine prevents cretinism and folic acid reduces neural tube defect risks. Other nutrient supplements may also reduce pregnancy complications. Thus, should supplements be advocated for all women with childbearing potential? Potential supplementation benefits include 1) improved nutritional status, 2) reduced risk of some developmental defects, 3) improved antioxidant and immune defense systems, 4) lower incidence and/or slower progression of some diseases, and 5) harmonization of government and health care professionals' dietary recommendations for optimal health. Potential questions are, will the supplement reduce a woman's motivation to maintain and/or improve dietary quality? Will the supplement result in excessive nutrient intakes and/or adverse nutrient-nutrient interactions? Will supplement use encourage the perception that all women are, by definition, well nourished? These issues should be clarified before widespread supplementation programs are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Keen
- Department of Nutrition and Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616-8669
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40
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Peters JM, Wiley LM, Zidenberg-Cherr S, Keen CL. Influence of periconceptional zinc deficiency on embryonic plasma membrane function in mice. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 1993; 13:15-21. [PMID: 8100649 DOI: 10.1002/tcm.1770130103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Periconceptional Zn deprivation can affect development of 2- and 4-cell mouse embryos in vitro as evidenced by fewer cells per embryo and delayed blastocyst development after 72 h in culture. One mechanism by which this could be occurring is through changes in oocyte and embryonic membrane structure/function. To test this idea, 3H-glycine uptake was measured in unfertilized oocytes and preimplantation embryos recovered from mice fed control (+Zn; 50 micrograms Zn/g diet) or low Zn (-Zn; < or = 0.4 micrograms Zn/g diet) diets for 6 days. In a second experiment, we assessed the in vitro development of preimplantation embryos in medium designed to inhibit cavitation through changes in membrane-associated sodium flux. Preimplantation embryos from -Zn and +Zn mice recovered on day 1 of gestation were cultured in medium containing 147.2 mM sodium (normal) or 123 mM sodium (low sodium) for 48 h. In experiment 1, glycine uptake was similar in embryos from +Zn and -Zn mice, suggesting that the impaired in vitro development of embryos from -Zn mice is not due to gross changes in sodium-dependent cell membrane function. In experiment 2, embryos recovered from -Zn mice and cultured in normal sodium medium contained fewer cells than controls. Embryos from both groups cultured in low sodium medium contained fewer cells than their normal sodium controls; the percent difference in cell number was 50 +/- 8% and 56 +/- 11% for embryos from +Zn and -Zn mice, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Peters
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616
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41
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Abstract
An acute dose of ethanol was used to investigate the biochemical response of tissues with a compromised antioxidant defense system to a surge of oxygen radical production. The copper (Cu)-deficient rat served as the animal model for this study based on its compromised antioxidant defense system. Rats were fed control (10 micrograms Cu/g) or Cu-deficient (0.2 microgram Cu/g) diet for 14 days. In order to minimize secondary effects associated with chronic Cu deficiency, the chelator triethylenetetramine was added to the Cu-deficient diet to shorten the time required for the induction of Cu deficiency. On day 14, rats were gavaged with ethanol (4.5 g/kg b.wt.) or saline and killed 9 hours postgavage. Rats fed the Cu-deficient diets had lower liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities than controls. Ethanol treatment had no effect on liver CuZnSOD or Gpx activity, while MnSOD activity was higher than saline control levels following EtOH treatment. Despite low GPx and SOD activity, Cu-deficient rats did not exhibit higher hepatic thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) than controls; in fact, hepatic microsomal TBARS were lower in saline-treated Cu-deficient rats relative to Cu-sufficient rats. Ethanol treatment resulted in higher whole homogenate and mitochondrial TBARS than in saline-gavaged rats. Copper status did not influence hepatic TBARS production in response to an acute EtOH load. These data suggest that compensatory mechanisms contribute to the protection of the liver from excessive free radical production in this model of Cu deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Rosenbaum
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95615
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42
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Peters JM, Wiley LM, Zidenberg-Cherr S, Keen CL. Influence of short-term maternal zinc deficiency on the in vitro development of preimplantation mouse embryos. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1991; 198:561-8. [PMID: 1891470 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-198-43289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the use of mouse preimplantation embryos as a model to study zinc deficiency-induced abnormal development. In Experiment 1, the effect of culture medium Zn concentrations on blastocyst development was studied. Preimplantation embryos (2 and 4 cells) obtained from superovulated females developed normally in media containing 0.7-30 microM Zn for up to 72 hr; higher levels of medium Zn resulted in abnormal development. In Experiment 2A, females were fed diets containing 50 (+Zn) or 0.4 (-Zn) micrograms Zn/g (760 vs 6 nmol/g, respectively) from 1 day before to 1 day after mating (3 days total). Preimplantation embryos were removed from the dams and cultured for 72 hr in 0.7 microM Zn medium. Embryos from the -Zn dams were morphologically normal at time zero; however, over the 72-hr period, these embryos tended to develop at a slower rate than controls, although compaction and cavitation frequency were similar. By the end of the 72-hr culture period, embryos from -Zn dams had significantly fewer cells than did embryos from control dams. In Experiment 2B, an extended period of maternal Zn deprivation (6 days) was used to investigate the potential for further impairment of in vitro preimplantation embryo development observed in Experiment 2A. Results from this experiment were consistent with those from Experiment 2A, in addition to providing evidence that the developmental progress of embryos obtained from mice fed Zn-deficient diets for 6 days was significantly impaired. In Experiment 3, the potential for supplemental Zn in culture medium to overcome the impairment in development due to maternal Zn deficiency was investigated. Embryos from female mice subjected to the same dietary regimen described in Experiment 2A were cultured to the blastocyst stage in medium containing Zn at a concentration of either 0.7 or 7.7 microM. Medium Zn supplementation did not improve development of embryos from dams fed Zn-deficient diets. In summary, embryos from mice fed -Zn diets for a 3- or 6-day period encompassing oocyte maturation and fertilization exhibited impaired development in vitro. This impairment was not overcome by medium Zn supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Peters
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616
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Zidenberg-Cherr S, Olin KL, Villanueva J, Tang A, Phinney SD, Halsted CH, Keen CL. Ethanol-induced changes in hepatic free radical defense mechanisms and fatty-acid composition in the miniature pig. Hepatology 1991; 13:1185-92. [PMID: 2050333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In the miniature pig, ethanol consumption has been reported to induce alterations in hepatic antioxidant defense capacity, which could result in increased risk of peroxidative damage. However, ethanol may also induce changes in membrane fatty acid composition, which could reduce the risk of peroxidative damage. This study examined lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense and fatty acid composition in livers from miniature pigs fed ethanol in diets containing 12% of their calories as fat for 20 mo. After 12 and 20 mo of feeding, ethanol-fed pigs had higher hepatic manganese-superoxide dismutase activity, lower hepatic copper concentrations and low hepatic copper-zinc-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities compared with controls. Lipid peroxidation as assessed by thiobarbituric acid reacting substance assay was lower in liver homogenate and mitochondrial and microsomal fractions from ethanol-fed pigs than in controls. The percentage contribution of highly unsaturated fatty acids to total fatty acids in liver homogenates (after 12 mo of feeding) and microsome fractions (after 20 mo of feeding) was lower in the ethanol-fed pigs than in the controls, resulting in a lower peroxidizability index. Ethanol-fed pigs had minimal or no hepatic damage as assessed by histological methods. We suggest that the relative resistance of microsomes to lipid peroxidation is due to the lower peroxidizability index in the ethanol-fed pigs and may account in part for the absence of significant histopathological findings after 20 mo of ethanol feeding.
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Zidenberg-Cherr S, Han B, Dubick MA, Keen CL. Influence of dietary-induced copper and manganese deficiency on ozone-induced changes in lung and liver antioxidant systems. Toxicol Lett 1991; 57:81-90. [PMID: 2048164 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90122-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The influence of an animal's copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) status on its response to ozone was investigated in weanling mice. Control, Cu-deficient and Mn-deficient mice were exposed continuously to 1.2 ppm O3 or filtered air for 7 days. In control mice, ozone exposure resulted in higher lung activities of CuZnSOD, MnSOD and GPx. In contrast, Mn-deficient mice did not display increases in lung MnSOD, CuZnSOD or GPx activities following ozone exposure. Similarly, ozone-induced increases in lung CuZn-SOD and MnSOD activities were not observed in Cu-deficient mice, although lung GPx activity was increased in these mice relative to their air-breathing controls. These results show that an animal's Cu and Mn status can influence its response to ozone, and the data suggest that Cu- and Mn-deprived animals may be more susceptible to long-term or repetitive ozone exposure.
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Zidenberg-Cherr S, Halsted CH, Olin KL, Reisenauer AM, Keen CL. The effect of chronic alcohol ingestion on free radical defense in the miniature pig. J Nutr 1990; 120:213-7. [PMID: 2313385 DOI: 10.1093/jn/120.2.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular protection from free radical reactions was measured in hepatic tissue from controls and miniature pigs fed ethanol. The activities of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase were lower and the activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was higher in the pigs fed ethanol than in controls. Glutathione concentration was lower in the pigs fed ethanol than in controls. Ethanol consumption did not result in increased lipid peroxidation as assessed by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. The ethanol-induced effects on the activities of the superoxide dismutases may be a reflection of available metals and/or a response to increased hepatic concentration of oxygen radicals. Because the protection afforded by the glutathione system was altered, pigs fed ethanol may be at risk of peroxidative damage with continued ethanol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zidenberg-Cherr
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616
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46
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Zidenberg-Cherr S. Perinatal Nutrition. J Nutr 1989. [DOI: 10.1093/jn/119.11.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
The biochemical response of Cu-sufficient and Cu-deficient mice to adriamycin (ADR) treatment was evaluated. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with ADR (17 mg/kg body wt.) or saline (0.9% w/v) and killed 4 d after injection. There was no effect of ADR on cardiac superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in Cu-sufficient of Cu-deficient mice. ADR injection resulted in higher cardiac glutathione (GSH) concentrations in Cu-sufficient mice while it resulted in lower GSH concentrations in Cu-deficient mice relative to their saline-injected controls. The effects of ADR in Cu-deficient mice were tissue-specific as its administration resulted in lower hepatic SOD activity and higher hepatic GSH concentrations relative to saline-injected controls.
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Abstract
It has been proposed that alpha emitting 212Bi (t1/2 = 60 min) coupled to tumor-specific antibodies may be a useful radiotherapeutic agent. However, since Bi can accumulate in the kidney, it is necessary to characterize the factors influencing localization of Bi within this tissue in order to evaluate the potential for radiation damage to the renal system. In this study, the localization of Bi radiotracers was determined in kidneys of rats previously exposed and not exposed to mumole quantities of Bi. Following repeated injection of Bi (4 x 14 mumols (3 mg Bi)/kg bw) the element accumulated mainly in the kidney followed by liver, spleen, pancreas, bone, and brain. Kidney copper and liver zinc concentrations were higher in Bi-exposed rats than in non-exposed rats. Within the cytosol, in Bi-exposed rats, Bi radiotracer in the kidney was associated with a metallothionein-like protein (Mt). In contrast, non-exposed rats contained no detectable metallothionein-like proteins in the kidney and the Bi tracer was associated with the hemoglobin fraction of the cell. Thus, when Bi is administered in tracer quantities such as that incorporated for use as a radiopharmaceutical, no induction of, and association with, metallothionein-like proteins should occur. These results suggest that the potential nephrotic effects of 212Bi will be influenced by the individual's previous exposure to Bi-containing drugs, or other metallothionein-inducing insults.
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49
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Abstract
Nutritional manganese (Mn) or copper (Cu) deficiency was investigated in Swiss-Webster mice exposed to ozone (O3). Mice rendered Mn-deficient were first reared from Mn-deficient dams and then fed a Mn-deficient (1 microgram/g) diet. Mice rendered Cu-deficient were fed a diet containing 0.2 microgram Cu/g diet. Control mice were fed a diet containing Mn at 45 micrograms/g and Cu at 8 micrograms/g. During the last week of the experiment (week 7, post-weanling), mice in each group were exposed continuously to 1.2 ppm O3 or filtered air for 7 days. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lung was then estimated. In mice breathing filtered air, neither lung Cu,Zn- nor Mn-SOD activity (U/g) was affected by diet. In O3-exposed mice, however, Mn-SOD activity was lower in the Mn-deficient group and Cu, Zn-SOD activity was lower in the Cu-deficient group. Moreover, total lung Cu,Zn-SOD activity was elevated in the Mn-deficient mice, whereas total Mn-SOD activity was elevated in the Cu-deficient mice in response to O3. These data indicate that under normal circumstances lung Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD are not affected by Cu or Mn deficiency. However, when an oxidant stress is superimposed on the Cu- or Mn-deficient condition, Cu,Zn- and Mn-SOD activities are impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Dubick
- Division of Military Trauma Research, Letterman Army Institute of Research, Presidio of San Francisco, CA 94129
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50
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Zidenberg-Cherr S, Rosenbaum J, Keen CL. Influence of ethanol consumption on maternal-fetal transfer of zinc in pregnant rats on day 14 of pregnancy. J Nutr 1988; 118:865-70. [PMID: 3392596 DOI: 10.1093/jn/118.7.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis that a biochemical lesion underlying the development of fetal alcohol syndrome is an ethanol-induced reduction in placental zinc transfer was tested. Placental zinc transfer was assessed in control and ethanol-fed dams on d 14-15 of pregnancy. Litters from ethanol-fed dams were characterized by a high resorption frequency and fewer live fetuses per litter than litters from control dams. In addition, fetuses from the ethanol-fed dams weighed less than control fetuses. However, despite the negative effects of ethanol intake on litter outcome, placental and fetal retention of 65Zn was similar in the two groups. Therefore, an ethanol-induced fetal zinc deficiency does not seem to have a role in the production of the gross structural malformations associated with fetal alcohol syndrome when adequate zinc is provided in the diet.
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