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Bhattacharya A, Chauhan P, Singh SP, Narayan S, Bajpai RK, Dwivedi A, Mishra A. Bacillus tequilensis influences metabolite production in tomato and restores soil microbial diversity during Fusarium oxysporum infection. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2024. [PMID: 38682466 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluates cellular damage, metabolite profiling, and defence-related gene expression in tomato plants and soil microflora during Fusarium wilt disease after treatment with B. tequilensis PBE-1. Histochemical analysis showed that PBE-1 was the primary line of defence through lignin deposition and reduced cell damage. GC-MS revealed that PBE-1 treatment ameliorated stress caused by F. oxysporum infection. PBE-1 also improved transpiration, photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance in tomato. qRT-PCR suggested that the defence-related genes FLS2, SERK, NOS, WRKYT, NHO, SAUR, and MYC2, which spread infection, were highly upregulated during F. oxysporum infection, but either downregulated or expressed normally in PBE-1 + P treated plants. This indicates that the plant not only perceives the bio-control agent as a non-pathogen entity but its presence in normal metabolism and gene expression within the host plant is maintained. The study further corroborated findings that application of PBE-1 does not cause ecological disturbances in the rhizosphere. Activity of soil microflora across four treatments, measured by Average Well Colour Development (AWCD), showed continuous increases from weeks 1 to 4 post-pathogen infection, with distinct substrate usage patterns like tannic and fumaric acids impacting microbial energy source utilization and diversity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and diversity indices like McIntosh, Shannon, and Simpson further illustrated significant microbial community shifts over the study period. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that B. tequilensis PBE-1 is an ideal bio-agent for field application during Fusarium wilt disease management in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bhattacharya
- Division of Microbial Technology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - P Chauhan
- Division of Microbial Technology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- School of Sciences, P P Savani University, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - S P Singh
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Narayan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - R K Bajpai
- Ex Director Research Services, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, India
| | - A Dwivedi
- Photobiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - A Mishra
- Division of Microbial Technology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Kirar M, Singh SP, Singh H, Sehrawat N. Efficacy of maturase K and rpL20 protein extracted from C. procera leaves on Anophelesstephensi. Toxicon 2024; 243:107714. [PMID: 38626820 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The present work is carried out to protein isolation, purification, and characterization from leaves, stem, and seed of C. procera and to evaluate the larvicidal potential on Anopheles stephensi. The whole protein was isolated using protein extraction buffer and precipitated by ammonium sulphate and larvicidal active protein was purified by the column chromatography. The homogeneity of larvicidal protein was confirmed by the SDS-PAGE. The identification of protein was done by the HPLC and LC-MS/ESI-MS. The crude protein from leaves showed 100% mortality of 3rd instar larvae of An. stephensi at the concentration of 5.5 mg/ml after 24 h of exposure. The crude protein from stem showed 25% mortality and no mortality observed was observed in seed protein. The leaves crude protein was further purified by ion exchange chromatography and eluted fractions were tested for larvicidal potential. The purified single protein fractions L2 and L3 from C. procera leaves showed 100% mortality at concentration of 0.06 mg/ml. The homogeneity of purified protein was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and two bands of 26 kDa and 15 kDa protein were observed. The peptide sequence "R.SQMLENSFLIENVMKR.L" was identified in the trypsin digested homogenous protein fraction L2 and "R.DRGSQKR.N" peptide sequence in L3 fraction by LC-MS/ESI-MS. The CprL2 peptide showed the sequence similarity with the protein maturase K and CprL3 peptide showed the sequence similarity with ribosomal protein L20 of C. procera. The conserved functional domain was also identified in both the CprL2 and CprL3 peptide. The identified proteins showed strong larvicidal efficacy at very low concentration. The identified proteins are novel and natural larvicidal agents against An. stephensi and hence can be used to control the malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Kirar
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - S P Singh
- National Institute for Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Hitesh Singh
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Sehrawat
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
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Sivalingam J, Niranjan SK, Yadav DK, Singh SP, Sukhija N, Kanaka KK, Singh PK, Singh AP. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of unexplored, potential cattle population of Madhya Pradesh. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:102. [PMID: 38478192 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Bawri or Garri, a non-descript cattle population managed under an extensive system in Madhya Pradesh state of India, was identified and characterized both genetically and phenotypically to check whether or not it can be recognised as a breed. The cattle have white and gray colour and are medium sized with 122.5 ± 7.5 cm and 109.45 ± 0.39 cm height at withers in male and female, respectively. Double-digest restriction site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing was employed to identify ascertainment bias free SNPs representing the entire genome cost effectively; resulting in calling 1,156,650 high quality SNPs. Observed homozygosity was 0.76, indicating Bawri as a quite unique population. However, the inbreeding coefficient was 0.025, indicating lack of selection. SNPs found here can be used in GWAS and genetic evaluation programs. Considering the uniqueness of Bawri cattle, it can be registered as a breed for its better genetic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakumar Sivalingam
- Presently at ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India.
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - S K Niranjan
- Presently at ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - S P Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Nidhi Sukhija
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Morena, MP, India
| | - K K Kanaka
- Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi, India
| | - P K Singh
- Presently at ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ajit Pratap Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, MP, India
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Singh SP, Gupta S, Chaudhary A, Dwivedi K, Singh VK, Singh S. Comparison of cosmesis, mydriasis, fundus visibility, and anterior chamber depth following single-pass four-throw pupilloplasty in congenital and traumatic iris defects. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024:02223307-990000000-00063. [PMID: 38189524 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_375_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare postoperative cosmesis, mydriasis, fundus visibility, and anterior chamber depth (ACD) in congenital and traumatic iris defects after single-pass four-throw pupilloplasty (SFTP). SETTINGS AND DESIGN Hospital-based non-randomized interventional study. METHODS SFTP was done along with phacoemulsification in six patients each with congenital and traumatic iris defects, and the patients were followed for a minimum period of 3 months. The postoperative pupil shape, size, mydriasis, and ACD were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Tissue approximation was successful in 11 out of 12 patients (91.7%), whereas it failed to do so in one patient with traumatic iris tear (8.3%). A central round pupil was attained in all six patients with congenital defects (group 1), whereas in the traumatic group (group 2), a central round pupil was attained in four cases. Group 1 did not show a significant reduction in horizontal pupil diameter, but group 2 had a significant reduction in pupil diameter postoperatively. Mydriasis and fundus visibility were satisfactory in all cases. There was a significant deepening of ACD in both groups. CONCLUSION Traumatic mydriasis usually requires SFTP at two opposite poles to achieve a central pupil with a significant reduction in pupil size, whereas congenital coloboma requires SFTP to be done at the site of coloboma with occasional enlargement at the opposite pole if the pupil is eccentric.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Principal, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aparajita Chaudhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kshama Dwivedi
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod K Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivangi Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ranjan R, Sharma K, Kumar M, Swain DK, Singh SP, Kharche SD, Singh MK, Chauhan MS. IGF-1 stabilizes goat sperm mitochondrial transmembrane potential and reduces dna fragmentation. Cryo Letters 2023; 44:327-332. [PMID: 38311926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidant present in sperm cells protects them from oxidative damage. However, sperm are more susceptible to peroxidative damages due to the loss of these enzymes during cryopreservation and their survival and fertility may be compromised. Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has an antioxidant effect and could maintain sperm motility. OBJECTIVE To improve seminal parameters, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), oxidative status and DNA integrity of buck semen after freeze-thawing by fortification of goat semen diluent with various concentrations of IGF-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty ejaculates were collected and were extended with tris- citric acid- fructose diluent with 10% egg yolk and 6% glycerol with sperm concentrations of 1×108 mL-1. Post-cryopreserved sperm were assessed for motility and a range of other functional parameters. RESULTS In post-thaw semen sperm motility, live sperm count, acrosome integrity, hypo-osmotic swelling positive spermatozoa, malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl content (PCC), TUNEL positive sperm differed significantly (P<0.05) with the various concentrations of IGF-1 used. Sperm functional parameters post-thawing were significantly (P<0.05) better in 250 ng/mL IGF-1. IGF-1 protects against lipid peroxidation by lowering MDA and PCC production, thus reducing the harmful effect of reactive oxygen species. The kidding percentage using the artificial insemination technique was significantly higher ( i.e., 40%) in the group supplemented with 250 ng/mL of IGF-1 than in the non-supplemented group (i.e., 30%). CONCLUSION IGF-1 may be used to improve post-thaw semen quality and fertility as measured by actual kidding rate. Doi.org/10.54680/fr23610110312.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ranjan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India.
| | - K Sharma
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - M Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - D K Swain
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, U.P. India
| | - S P Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - S D Kharche
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - M K Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - M S Chauhan
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Pathak J, Singh SP, Kharche SD, Goel A, Soni YK, Kaushik R, Kose M, Kumar A. Cell culture media dependent in vitro dynamics and culture characteristics of adult caprine dermal fibroblast cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13716. [PMID: 37607956 PMCID: PMC10444776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The enhanced availability of functional fibroblasts from precious tissue samples requires an ideal cell-culture system. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the performance of caprine adult fibroblast cells (cadFibroblast) when cultivated in different culture media. The cadFibroblast cell lines from adult Barbari (Capra hircus) bucks were established and the effect of different media viz. DMEM/F-12 [with low-glucose (5.5 mM; DL) and high-glucose (30 mM; DH)], α-MEM [with low-glucose (5.5 mM; ML) and with high-glucose (30 mM; MH)], and fibroblast growth medium (FGM) were evaluated. Cells were then compared for growth characteristics and in-vitro dynamics through cellular morphology, proliferation, population-doubling time, double-immunocytochemistry, colony-forming units, wound healing, transwell migration, and differential expression of fibroblast-specific markers (FSP-1 and vimentin). The results of immunocytochemistry, transwell migration/invasion, and wound healing assays showed the superiority of DH over DL and other media tested. Whereas, similar effects of glucose supplementation and expression of FSP-1 were not observed in α-MEM. Transwell migration was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in FGM compared with other media tested. Overall, our results illustrate the media-dependent deviation in in-vitro dynamics and culture characteristics of cadFibroblasts that may be useful to develop strategies to cultivate these cells efficiently for research and downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Pathak
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 406, India
| | - Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India.
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India.
| | - Anjana Goel
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 406, India
| | - Yogesh K Soni
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Rakesh Kaushik
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Megha Kose
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
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Palafox MA, Kattan D, de Pedraza Velasco ML, Isasi J, Rani K, Singh SP, Vats JK, Rastogi VK. Base pairs with 5-chloroorotic acid and comparison with the natural nucleobase. Structural and spectroscopic study, and three suggested antiviral modified nucleosides. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-29. [PMID: 37403335 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2226738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
A structural and spectroscopic study of 5-chloroorotic acid (5-ClOA) biomolecule was carried out by IR and FT-Raman and the results obtained were compared to those achieved in 5-fluoroorotic acid and 5-aminoorotic acid compounds. The structures of all possible tautomeric forms were determined using DFT and MP2 methods. To know the tautomer form present in the solid state, the crystal unit cell was optimized through dimer and tetramer forms in several tautomeric forms. The keto form was confirmed through an accurate assignment of all the bands. For this purpose, an additional improvement in the theoretical spectra was carried out using linear scaling equations (LSE) and polynomic equations (PSE) deduced from uracil molecule. Base pairs with uracil, thymine and cytosine nucleobases were optimized and compared to the natural Watson-Crick (WC) pairs. The counterpoise (CP) corrected interaction energies of the base pairs were also calculated. Three nucleosides were optimized based on 5-ClOA as nucleobase, and their corresponding WC pairs with adenosine. These modified nucleosides were inserted in DNA:DNA and RNA:RNA microhelices, which were optimized. The position of the -COOH group in the uracil ring of these microhelices interrupts the DNA/RNA helix formation. Because of the special characteristic of these molecules they can be used as antiviral drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alcolea Palafox
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Kattan
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L de Pedraza Velasco
- Dpto. de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Isasi
- Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kaushal Rani
- Indian Spectroscopy Society, Ghaziabad, India
- Department of Physics, Meerut College, Meerut, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Physics, Dr B R Ambedkar Govt Degree College, Mainpuri, India
| | - J K Vats
- P G Department of Physics, Jai Prakash University, Chapra, India
| | - V K Rastogi
- Department of Physics, Meerut College, Meerut, India
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Prabhakar PV, Reddy UA, Singh SP, Balasubramanyam A, Rahman MF, Kumari SI, Agawane SB, Murty USN, Grover P, Mahboob M. Retracted: Oxidative stress induced by aluminum oxide nanomaterials after acute oral treatment in Wistar rats. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:615. [PMID: 36385386 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Singh SP, Singh H, Saini S, Mishra GK, Sharma SK. Studies on the breeding potential and entomological indices of dengue vector Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in the district Ghaziabad of Uttar Pradesh, India. J Vector Borne Dis 2023; 60:187-192. [PMID: 37417168 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.353270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The female Aedes mosquito is a vector of many arboviruses-borne diseases. The evidence and information regarding their breeding habitats are vital for implementing appropriate control policies. METHODS An entomological survey was done at three sites in Ghaziabad district of Uttar Pradesh, India viz. Indirapuram, Vasundhara, and Vaishali to generate the first boundary line information of breeding sites of Aedes aegypti larvae for the early prevention and control interventions for dengue management. RESULTS A total of 2994 containers were checked in 1169 households at the time of the survey for breeding sites of Aedes mosquito during the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon period, out of which 667 containers were found positive in 518 positive households. The total HI, CI, and BI were 44.31, 22.27, and 57.05 respectively. The maximum and minimum breeding indices were found during monsoon and pre-monsoon respectively. The most preferred containers for Aedes breeding were cement tanks for lotus plants in nurseries, drums, and small and large size pots for storage of water and ornamental plants mostly in 8 plant nurseries. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Breeding of Aedes was found in nurseries and desert coolers which were the primary breeding containers found during the survey. The containers found positive during surveys were emptied or destroyed with the help of the local community and the breeding status of nurseries was informed to the health authorities of Ghaziabad to take necessary action against the breeding sites of the Aedes mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Himmat Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Suruchi Saini
- State Malaria Office, State Health Department, Ghaziabad, India
| | - G K Mishra
- State Malaria Office, State Health Department, Ghaziabad, India
| | - S K Sharma
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
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Zehra R, Singh SP, Verma J, Kulshreshtha A. Spatio-temporal investigation of physico-chemical water quality parameters based on comparative assessment of QUAL 2Kw and WASP model for the upper reaches of Yamuna River stretching from Paonta Sahib, Sirmaur district to Cullackpur, North Delhi districts of North India. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:480. [PMID: 36930328 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
An accurate investigation of bio-physical and chemical parameters as proxy of in situ water quality conditions in the Himalayan region is highly challenging owing to cumbersome, strenuous, and physically exhausting sampling exercises at high altitude locations. The upper stretches of Yamuna River in the Himachal Pradesh are typical examples of such sampling locations that have rarely been examined in the past studies. A widely accepted and recognized QUAL 2Kw model is applied for estimating the water quality parameters on the upper segment of the Yamuna River from Paonta Sahib to Cullackpur. These water quality indicators mainly included electric conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, carbonaceous biological oxygen demand (CBOD), inorganic suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and alkalinity, which were systematically investigated for predicting the spatio-temporal trends during the year 2018. A total of 12 distantly located river sites were identified for sample collection and data validation using QUAL 2Kw model. The present investigation attempts to reveal long-term degraded impact of untreated wastewater and biased agricultural practices on the water quality conditions over the upper stretches of Yamuna River. The QUAL 2Kw-derived values for selected variables were inter-compared with in situ values, and any deviation from measured values was ascertained based on meaningful statistical measures. The lower error of RMSE, MRE, and BIAS, corresponding to < 15%, ± 10%., ± 20%, and ~ 1 slope evidently indicated better matchup of values, wherein, higher slope correlation coefficient (R2) of ~ 90% indicated the robust performance of the QUAL 2Kw algorithm in accurately predicting the chosen variables. A comparative assessment of QUAL 2Kw and WASP has been performed to justify aptness of water quality model in scenarios of lean flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Zehra
- Amity Institute of Geoinformatics & Remote Sensing, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S P Singh
- Amity Institute of Geoinformatics & Remote Sensing, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Jyoti Verma
- Department of Zoology, CMP College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Pramanick B, Mahapatra BS, Datta D, Dey P, Singh SP, Kumar A, Paramanik B, Awasthi N. An innovative approach to improve oil production and quality of mustard ( Brassica juncea L.) with multi-nutrient-rich polyhalite. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13997. [PMID: 36923838 PMCID: PMC10008988 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhalite popularly known as POLY4 is a multi-nutrient fertiliser containing K, S, Mg, Ca, and micronutrients. POLY4 has a low carbon footprint, is certified for organic agriculture, and has the potential to improve crop productivity and quality attributes Indian mustard which often faces challenges due to imbalanced nutrition supplied in the current fertilisation schedule. The hypothesis of the study was that the multi-nutrient fartiliser POLY4 can ensure balanced nutrition for Indian mustard. Considering this, a field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the effect of POLY4 on Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) with respect to its yield, quality, and nutrient uptake. POLY4 along with conventional sources of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) was compared to recommended fertilisation practices from conventional sources of N, P, K namely urea, di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), and muriate of potash (KCl). With the application of POLY4, seed yield was significantly improved by about 600 kg ha-1 compared to NP control (no application of K and S) across the two seasons. Compared to recommended practice of NPK, the yield was increased by about 450 kg ha-1 with the application of POLY4. Mustard seed oil and protein percent were also improved with the use of POLY4. POLY4 did not have any adverse effect on the content of anti-nutritional factors and improved the omega-3 fatty acid content of mustard oil. Higher uptakes of macro and micronutrients in the crop were also recorded with POLY4 along with an improved soil nutrient status. From the economic point of view, it was also observed that the application of POLY4 resulted in an increment of net returns of USD 45-60 comparing cultivating mustard with the conventional N, P, K, and S fertilizers only. Therefore, the use of POLY4 as a source of multi-nutrient for balanced nutrition helped to increase the efficiency of applied nutrients which ultimately improved the yield and quality of mustard. This study exhibits the pioneer findings of polyhalite (POLY4) based balanced nutrition in Indian mustard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Pramanick
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Panhandle Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Scottsbluff, 69361, USA.,Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Agronomy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, 848125, Bihar, India
| | - B S Mahapatra
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India.,Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Debarati Datta
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India.,ICAR-Central Research Institute of Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, 700121, West Bengal, India
| | - Prithwiraj Dey
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Agricultural Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bappa Paramanik
- Department of Soil Science, Dakshin Dinajpur Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Majhian, 733133, West Bengal, India
| | - Neeraj Awasthi
- Anglo American Crop Nutrients, Scarborough, YO 11 3ZB, United Kingdom
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Quadri SA, Singh SP, Kharche SD, Pathak J, Saxena A, Soni YK, Swain D. Different Effects of Sugars and Methods to Preserve Post-Thaw Functional Properties of Cryopreserved Caprine Spermatogonial Stem Cells. Cells Tissues Organs 2023; 212:399-415. [PMID: 36731441 DOI: 10.1159/000529482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the effects of sugar and methods (slow freezing [SF] vs. fast freezing [FF]) on post-thaw in vitro functional characteristics of cryopreserved caprine spermatogonial stem cells (cSSCs) and the cells obtained from cryopreserved testis tissue of prepubertal Barbari bucks. For this, in experiment 1, cSSCs were isolated and cryopreserved by either SF or FF method with different non-permeable (sugars; trehalose [140 mm; 140T or 400 mm; 400T] and sucrose [140 mm; 140S or 400 mm; 400S]) or/and permeable (5% ethylene glycol [EG] and dimethyl sulfoxide) cryoprotectants. After 1 week of cryopreservation, the cSSCs were thawed and cultured for evaluation of their characteristics. Further, in experiment 2, the effectiveness of sugars (trehalose [140 mm] or sucrose [140 mm]) for cryopreservation of testicular tissues of prepubertal Barbari bucks using the SF or FF method was evaluated. After 1 week of cryopreservation, the tissues were thawed and cSSCs were isolated and cultured for 3 weeks. In both experiments, cSSCs were evaluated for recovery rate, proliferation, metabolic viability, senescence, and stemness markers' expression. The recovery rate was 1.3-, 1.3-, and 1.1-fold higher in the 140T group compared with EG, 140S, and 400S groups, respectively. Similarly, the expression of stemness markers (protein gene product 9.5 and octamer-binding transcription factor-4) was relatively higher in 140T group compared with the other groups. In experiment 2, the recovery rate of cells per unit tissue weight was significantly (p < 0.05) higher when cryopreserved using 140 mm trehalose compared with other groups. The results of immunocytochemical analyses imply the expression of pluripotent stem cell markers in cSSCs following cryopreservation. Overall, the outcome of the study demonstrates different effects of sugars and methods on post-thaw functional properties of cSSCs with superiority of 140 mm trehalose using SF method over other treatment groups. These results are important for ex vivo expansion and differentiation of cSSCs for fertility preservation and their other downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleema Ahmedi Quadri
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, India
- Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and AH., DUVASU, Mathura, India
| | - Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, India
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, India
| | - Juhi Pathak
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, India
| | - Atul Saxena
- Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and AH., DUVASU, Mathura, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Soni
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, India
| | - Dilip Swain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and AH., DUVASU, Mathura, India
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Singh SP, Mishra AK, Galagali JR, Bharath M, Pathak L. Eustachian tube dysfunction in an intensive care unit: A prospective observational study. Med J Armed Forces India 2023; 79:87-92. [PMID: 36605346 PMCID: PMC9807681 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Eustachain tube (ET) dysfunction can aggravate the morbidity in ICU patients, but is often ignored. In this prospective observational study we followed a cohort of patients (without pre-existing ET dysfunction) requiring in-patient management, hospitalized either to ICU or to non ICU wards, for any development of ET dysfunction during hospitalization. Methods Patients requiring hospitalization to ICU or non ICU wards from Dec 2018 to Jun 2019 were included. Those with pre-existing ET dysfunction, disease of ear/nose or sinuses, head neck tumours and history of radiotherapy or glucocorticoid therapy were excluded. All patients were evaluated by serial tympanometry. Type A curve was considered normal while type B, C1 and C2 were considered as ET dysfunction. Results There were 385 patients, 258 (67.01%) males and 127 (32.99%) females in the ICU group; while non ICU group comprised 129 patients, 86 (66.67%) males and 43 (33.33%) females. ET dysfunction developed in 107 (27.79%) patients in ICU group, but only in 3 (2.3%) in non ICU group (Relative risk 11.95, 95% CI 3.86 to 36.99, P < 0.0001). Within ICU, ET dysfunction showed significant positive association with endotracheal intubation, Ramsay sedation score and number of days on tracheostomy; but not with age, male gender, number of days in ICU, mechanical ventilation or route of feeding. Conclusion Our study demonstrates high incidence of ET dysfunction in patients admitted to ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Classified Specialist (ENT-HNS), Command Hospital (Western Command), Chandimandir, India
| | | | - J R Galagali
- Consultant (ENT-HNS), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, India
| | - M Bharath
- Graded Specialist (ENT), Military Hospital, Hisar, India
| | - Lav Pathak
- Resident (ENT-HNS), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, India
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Singh SP, Tandel K, Kalra DK, Babu B, Thosani P, Anand KB. Prevalence of Omicron variant during the third wave of COVID-19 at a tertiary care hospital in Western Maharashtra. Med J Armed Forces India 2022:S0377-1237(22)00139-3. [PMID: 36281467 PMCID: PMC9581701 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Professor & Head, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Kundan Tandel
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Kalra
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Bhagya Babu
- Junior Resident Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Pratik Thosani
- Senior Resident, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Kavita Bala Anand
- Professor, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
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Singh SP, Ozkan H, Al Mahtab M, Akbar SMF. Editorial. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 2022. [DOI: 10.5005/ejohg-12-s1-siv] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Malik RA, Reshi ZA, Rafiq I, Singh SP. Decline in the suitable habitat of dominant Abies species in response to climate change in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region: insights from species distribution modelling. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:596. [PMID: 35861887 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reliable predictions of future distribution ranges of ecologically important species in response to climate change are required for developing effective management strategies. Here we used an ensemble modelling approach to predict the distribution of three important species of Abies namely, Abies pindrow, Abies spectabilis and Abies densa in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region under the current and two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP245 and SSP585) and time periods of 2050 and 2090s. A correlative ensemble model using presence/absence data of the three Abies species and 22 environmental variables, including 19 bioclimatic variables and 3 topographic variables, from known distributions was built to predict the potential current and future distribution of these species. The individual models used to build the final ensemble performed well and provided reliable results for both the current and future distribution of all three species. For A. pindrow, precipitation of the driest month (Bio14) was the most important environmental variable with 83.3% contribution to model output while temperature seasonality (Bio4) and annual mean diurnal range (Bio2) were the most important variables for A. spectabilis and A. densa with 48.4% and 46.1% contribution to final model output, respectively. Under current climatic conditions, the ensemble models projected a total suitable habitat of about 433,003 km2, 790,837 km2 and 676,918 km2 for A. pindrow, A. spectabilis and A. densa, respectively, which is approximately 10.36%, 18.91% and 16.91% of the total area of Hindu Kush Himalayan region. Projections of habitat suitability under future climate scenarios for all the shared socioeconomic pathways showed a reduction in potentially suitable habitats with a maximum overall loss of approximately 14% of the total suitable area of A. pindrow under SSP 8.5 by 2090. A decline in total suitable habitat is predicted to be 9.6% in A. spectabilis by 2090 under the SSP585 scenario while in A. densa 6.67% loss in the suitable area is expected by 2050 under the SSP585 scenario. Furthermore, there is no elevational change predicted in the case of A. pindrow while A. spectabilis is expected to show an upward shift by about 29 m per decade and A. densa is showing a downward shift at a rate of 11 m per decade. The results are interesting, and intriguing given the occurrence of these species across the Hindu Kush Himalayan region. Thus, our study underscores the need for consideration of unexpected responses of species to climate change and formulation of strategies for better forest management and conservation of important conifer species, such as A. pindrow, A. spectabilis and A. densa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayees A Malik
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Zafar A Reshi
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iflah Rafiq
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - S P Singh
- Central Himalayan Environment Association, Dehradun, India
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Singh Y, Kumar A, Saxena A, Bhatt P, Singh SP, Kumar A, Mrigesh M, Saxena MK. Assessment of free radicals and reactive oxygen species milieu in nanoparticles adjuvanted outer membrane proteins vaccine against Salmonella typhi. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:479. [PMID: 35831726 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, calcium phosphate nanoparticles-based (STCNV) and montanide oil adjuvant vaccine (STOAV) containing outer membrane proteins (Omps) of S. Typhi were evaluated for inducing oxidative stress indicators [reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total protein] in the tissues of mice after vaccination. The GSH levels though slightly high in the liver, kidney, and lungs of STCNV group were not significantly different from STOAV and the control group (STC). There was no significant difference in LPO levels in any group for any tissue. The significantly lower activities of catalase were observed in the kidney and lungs of the STCNV group as compared to STOAV and STC group, while in the liver, STCNV group revealed lower catalase activity in comparison to the control group. No significant difference in the SOD activities between the two vaccinated groups was observed. The total protein contents in all the organs showed no significant difference in the vaccinated and the control group. The vaccines may induce long-term inflammatory response and consequently damage vital organs; this study revealed no long-term oxidative stress in all the three vital organs, suggesting that these vaccines may not cause oxidative damages in the vital organs of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashpal Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250110, India
| | - Anjani Saxena
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Avadhesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Meena Mrigesh
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Mumtesh Kumar Saxena
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India.
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Palafox MA, Kattan D, de Pedraza Velasco ML, Isasi J, Posada-Moreno P, Rani K, Singh SP, Rastogi VK. Base pairs with 4-amino-3-nitrobenzonitrile: comparison with the natural WC pairs. Dimer and tetramer forms, Infrared and Raman spectra, and several proposed antiviral modified nucleosides. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-23. [PMID: 35583120 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2069864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Base pairs of 4-amino-3-nitrobenzonitrile (4A-3NBN) molecule with uracil, thymine and cytosine nucleobases were optimized and compared to natural Watson-Crick (WC) pairs. The slightly greater flexibility of the -NO2 group of 4A-3NBN than the N3-H group of the natural nucleobases together with a noticeable higher dipole moment of its pairs can facilitate disruption of the DNA/RNA helix formation. Several new mutagenic modified nucleosides with 4A-3NBN and 3-amino-2-nitrobenzonitrile (3A-2NBN) were proposed as antiviral prodrugs and their base pairs optimized. The special characteristics of these prodrugs appear appropriated for their clinical use. The counterpoise (CP) corrected interaction energies of the base pairs were calculated and compared to the natural ones. The M06-2X DFT method was used for this purpose. The molecular structure of 4A-3NBN was analyzed in detail and the crystal unit cell was simulated by a tetramer form and eight dimer forms. The performance of the B3LYP, X3LYP and M06-2X methods was tested on the vibrational wavenumbers in the monomer, dimer and tetramer forms of 4A-3NBN. The observed IR and Raman bands were assigned according to the optimum dimer II form determined by B3LYP and by the tetramer form calculated by M06-2X, which is the expected unit cell that forms the crystal net. The two best scaling procedures were used.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alcolea Palafox
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Kattan
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L de Pedraza Velasco
- Dpto. de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Isasi
- Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Posada-Moreno
- Dpto. de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, UCM, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kaushal Rani
- Department of Physics, Meerut College, Meerut, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Physics, Dr B R Ambedkar College, Mainpuri, India
| | - V K Rastogi
- Indian Spectroscopy Society, Ghaziabad, India
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Singh Y, Saxena A, Singh SP, Verma MK, Kumar A, Kumar A, Mrigesh M, Saxena MK. Calcium phosphate adjuvanted nanoparticles of outer membrane proteins of Salmonella Typhi as a candidate for vaccine development against Typhoid fever. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 35476604 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. The conventional adjuvants used in vaccines have limitations like induction of an imbalanced Th1 and Th2 immune response. To overcome this limitation, novel adjuvants and newer forms of existing adjuvants like calcium phosphate nanoparticles are being tested.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Calcium phosphate adjuvanted outer membrane proteins vaccine may work as an efficient, safe and cost effective vaccine against Salmonella Typhi.Aim. Our goals were to evaluate the potential of calcium phosphate nanoparticles as an adjuvant using outer membrane proteins (Omps) of Salmonella Typhi as antigens for immune response, with montanide (commercially available adjuvant) as control, and its toxicity in rats.Methodology. Calcium phosphate adjuvanted outer membrane proteins nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized. The efficacy of vaccine formulation in mice and toxicity assay were carried out in rats.Results. The calcium phosphate nanoparticles varying in size between 20-50 nm had entrapment efficiency of 41.5% and loading capacity of 54%. The calcium phosphate nanoparticle-Omps vaccine formulation (nanoparticle-Omps) induced a strong humoral immune response, which was significantly higher than the control group for the entire period of study. In the montanide-Omps group the initial very high immune response declined steeply and then remained steady. The immune response induced by nanoparticle-Omps did not change appreciably. The cell mediated immune response as measured by lymphocyte proliferation assay and delayed type hypersensitivity test showed a higher response (P<0.01) for the nanoparticles-Omps group as compared to montanide-Omps group. The bacterial clearance assay also showed higher clearance in the nanoparticles-Omps group as compared to montanide-Omps group (approx 1.4%). The toxicity analysis in rats showed no difference in the values of toxicity biomarkers and blood chemistry parameters, revealing vaccine formulation was non-toxic in rats.Conclusion. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles as adjuvant in vaccines is safe, have good encapsulation and loading capacity and induce a strong cell mediated, humoral and protective immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashpal Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anjani Saxena
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manish Kumar Verma
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Avadhesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Meena Mrigesh
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mumtesh Kumar Saxena
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
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Singh SP, Kharche SD, Soni YK, Pathak M, Ranjan R, Majhi SK, Pawaiya RS, Singh MK, Chauhan MS. Successful in-vivo transplantation of cultured and enriched testicular germ cells of pre-pubertal bucks to busulfan treated homologous recipients. Cells Tissues Organs 2022:000523891. [DOI: 10.1159/000523891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Singh SP, Kharche SD, Pathak M, Soni YK, Ranjan R, Singh MK, Chauhan MS. Reproductive stage- and season-dependent culture characteristics of enriched caprine male germline stem cells. Cytotechnology 2022; 74:123-140. [PMID: 35185290 PMCID: PMC8816984 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-021-00515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate season- and reproductive-stage dependent variation in culture characteristics and expression of pluripotency and adhesion markers in caprine-male germline stem cells (cmGSCs). For this, testes from pre-pubertal (4-6 months) and adult (~ 2 years) bucks during non-breeding (July-August; n = 4 each) and breeding (October-November; n = 4 each) seasons were used to isolated testicular cells by two-step enzymatic digestion. After cmGSCs enrichment by multiple methods (differential platting, Percoll density gradient centrifugation, and MACS), cell viability of CD90+ cells was assessed before co-cultured onto the Sertoli cell feeder layer up to 3rd-passage (P-3). The culture characteristics of cmGSCs were compared during primary culture (P-0) and P-3 with different assays [BrdU-assay (proliferation), MTT-assay (senescence), and Cluster-forming activity-assay] and transcript expression analyses by qRT-PCR. Moreover, the co-localization of UCHL-1, CD90, and DBA was examined by a double-immunofluorescence method. In adult bucks, significantly (p < 0.05) higher cell numbers with the ability to proliferate faster and form a greater number of cell clusters, besides up-regulation of pluripotency and adhesion markers expression were observed during the breeding season than the non-breeding season. In contrast, such season-dependent variation was lacking in pre-pubertal bucks. The expression of transcripts during non-breeding seasons was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in pre-pubertal cmGSCs than in adult cells (UCHL-1 = 2.38-folds; CD-90 = 6.66-folds; PLZF = 20.87-folds; ID-4 = 4.75-folds; E-cadherin = 3.89-folds and β1-integrin = 5.70-folds). Overall, the reproductive stage and season affect the population, culture characteristics, and expression of pluripotency and adhesion specific markers in buck testis. These results provide an insight to develop an efficient system for successful cell culture processes targeting cmGSCs. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-021-00515-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281122 India
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281122 India
| | - Manisha Pathak
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281122 India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Soni
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281122 India
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281122 India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281122 India
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22
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Satyavathi CT, Tomar RS, Ambawat S, Kheni J, Padhiyar SM, Desai H, Bhatt SB, Shitap MS, Meena RC, Singhal T, Sankar SM, Singh SP, Khandelwal V. Stage specific comparative transcriptomic analysis to reveal gene networks regulating iron and zinc content in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]. Sci Rep 2022; 12:276. [PMID: 34997160 PMCID: PMC8742121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pearl millet is an important staple food crop of poor people and excels all other cereals due to its unique features of resilience to adverse climatic conditions. It is rich in micronutrients like iron and zinc and amenable for focused breeding for these micronutrients along with high yield. Hence, this is a key to alleviate malnutrition and ensure nutritional security. This study was conducted to identify and validate candidate genes governing grain iron and zinc content enabling the desired modifications in the genotypes. Transcriptome sequencing using ION S5 Next Generation Sequencer generated 43.5 million sequence reads resulting in 83,721 transcripts with N50 of 597 bp and 84.35% of transcripts matched with the pearl millet genome assembly. The genotypes having high iron and zinc showed differential gene expression during different stages. Of which, 155 were up-regulated and 251 were down-regulated while during flowering stage and milking stage 349 and 378 transcripts were differentially expressed, respectively. Gene annotation and GO term showed the presence of transcripts involved in metabolic activities associated with uptake and transport of iron and zinc. Information generated will help in gaining insights into iron and zinc metabolism and develop genotypes with high yield, grain iron and zinc content.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tara Satyavathi
- ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342 304, India.
| | - Rukam S Tomar
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Supriya Ambawat
- ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342 304, India
| | - Jasminkumar Kheni
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Shital M Padhiyar
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Hiralben Desai
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - S B Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - M S Shitap
- Department of Agricultural Statistics, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramesh Chand Meena
- ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342 304, India
| | - Tripti Singhal
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi, India
| | - S Mukesh Sankar
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi, India
| | - S P Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Khandelwal
- ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342 304, India
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23
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Gerritsen SE, van Bodegom LS, Dieleman GC, Overbeek MM, Verhulst FC, Wolke D, Rizopoulos D, Appleton R, van Amelsvoort TAMJ, Bodier Rethore C, Bonnet-Brilhault F, Charvin I, Da Fonseca D, Davidović N, Dodig-Ćurković K, Ferrari A, Fiori F, Franić T, Gatherer C, de Girolamo G, Heaney N, Hendrickx G, Jardri R, Kolozsvari A, Lida-Pulik H, Lievesley K, Madan J, Mastroianni M, Maurice V, McNicholas F, Nacinovich R, Parenti A, Paul M, Purper-Ouakil D, Rivolta L, de Roeck V, Russet F, Saam MC, Sagar-Ouriaghli I, Santosh PJ, Sartor A, Schulze UME, Scocco P, Signorini G, Singh SP, Singh J, Speranza M, Stagi P, Stagni P, Street C, Tah P, Tanase E, Tremmery S, Tuffrey A, Tuomainen H, Walker L, Wilson A, Maras A. Demographic, clinical, and service-use characteristics related to the clinician's recommendation to transition from child to adult mental health services. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:973-991. [PMID: 35146551 PMCID: PMC9042957 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The service configuration with distinct child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS) may be a barrier to continuity of care. Because of a lack of transition policy, CAMHS clinicians have to decide whether and when a young person should transition to AMHS. This study describes which characteristics are associated with the clinicians' advice to continue treatment at AMHS. METHODS Demographic, family, clinical, treatment, and service-use characteristics of the MILESTONE cohort of 763 young people from 39 CAMHS in Europe were assessed using multi-informant and standardized assessment tools. Logistic mixed models were fitted to assess the relationship between these characteristics and clinicians' transition recommendations. RESULTS Young people with higher clinician-rated severity of psychopathology scores, with self- and parent-reported need for ongoing treatment, with lower everyday functional skills and without self-reported psychotic experiences were more likely to be recommended to continue treatment. Among those who had been recommended to continue treatment, young people who used psychotropic medication, who had been in CAMHS for more than a year, and for whom appropriate AMHS were available were more likely to be recommended to continue treatment at AMHS. Young people whose parents indicated a need for ongoing treatment were more likely to be recommended to stay in CAMHS. CONCLUSION Although the decision regarding continuity of treatment was mostly determined by a small set of clinical characteristics, the recommendation to continue treatment at AMHS was mostly affected by service-use related characteristics, such as the availability of appropriate services.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Gerritsen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L S van Bodegom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Yulius Academy, Yulius Mental Health Organization, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
| | - G C Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M M Overbeek
- Yulius Academy, Yulius Mental Health Organization, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - D Rizopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Appleton
- NIHR Mental Health Policy Research Unit, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - T A M J van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Mondriaan Mental Health Care, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - I Charvin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - D Da Fonseca
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - N Davidović
- University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - K Dodig-Ćurković
- Faculty for Dental Care and Health, Osijek, Croatia
- University Health Center Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Unit for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Osijek, Croatia
| | - A Ferrari
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- DISM, ULSS 16, SOPROXI Onlus, Padua, Italy
| | - F Fiori
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- HealthTracker Ltd, Kent, UK
| | - T Franić
- University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - C Gatherer
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - G de Girolamo
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - N Heaney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - G Hendrickx
- Department of Neurosciences, Centre for Clinical Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Jardri
- Lille Neurosciences and Cognitions, Plasticity and Subjectivity Team, CURE Platform, Université de Lille, INSERM (U-1172), Fontan Hospital, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | | | - K Lievesley
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - J Madan
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - M Mastroianni
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - V Maurice
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - F McNicholas
- School of Medicine & Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
- Lucena CAMHS, SJOG, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - R Nacinovich
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
- Università Degli Studi Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - A Parenti
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - M Paul
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - D Purper-Ouakil
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, CESP U1018, PsyDev, University Paris Saclay, UVSQ, Versailles, France
| | - L Rivolta
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Evaluation Unit, Saint John of God Clinical Research Center, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Psychiatry Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Monza Brianza, Italy
| | - V de Roeck
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Child and Youth Studies, Campus Social School, University Colleges Leuven Limburg, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - F Russet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - M C Saam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - I Sagar-Ouriaghli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - P J Santosh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- HealthTracker Ltd, Kent, UK
| | - A Sartor
- Josefinum Augsburg, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugenspsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Augsburg, Germany
| | - U M E Schulze
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - P Scocco
- Department of Mental Health, ULSS 6 Euganea, Padua, Italy
- SOPROXI Onlus, Padua, Italy
| | - G Signorini
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - S P Singh
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J Singh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Speranza
- INSERM, CESP U1018, PsyDev, University Paris Saclay, UVSQ, Versailles, France
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles, France
| | - P Stagi
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - P Stagni
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Modena, Italy
| | - C Street
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - P Tah
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - E Tanase
- Abteilung für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes-und Jugendalters Weissenau, ZfP Südwürttemberg, Ravensburg, Germany
| | - S Tremmery
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Tuffrey
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - H Tuomainen
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - L Walker
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - A Wilson
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - A Maras
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Yulius Academy, Yulius Mental Health Organization, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
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Singh SP, Saini L, Bansal N, Singh R. Giant Pseudoaneurysm of the Left Ventricle. J Assoc Physicians India 2021; 69:11-12. [PMID: 34781619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Professor of Medicine (Cardiology Division), SGRR Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
| | - Lovedeep Saini
- Assistant Professor, SGRR Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Professor, Dept. of Medicine, SGRR Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
| | - Ragini Singh
- Professor, Dept. of Pediatrics, SGRR Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
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25
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Singh N, Kumar A, Datta R, Bhardwaj P, Aggarwal N, Chadha DS, Singh SP, Sharma P, Barwad P, Gupta H. Analysis of ST-elevation myocardial infarction occurring in soldiers during strenous military training. Med J Armed Forces India 2021; 77:413-418. [PMID: 34594069 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At our tertiary care cardiology center, we are receiving soldiers who sustained acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) during the strenuous Battle Field Efficiency Test (BPET) and other such activities. Methods This was a single-center observational study to assimilate and analyze the precipitating causes, risk factors, symptoms, and the efficacy of the management protocols in soldiers sustaining STEMI during the BPET or other forms of strenuous military training. Results All 25 soldiers with documented STEMI following strenuous military training presented with chest pain as the primary symptom. 88% had symptoms either during or within 1st hour of the strenuous activity. 76% underwent thrombolysis with an angiographic success rate of 95%. Primary PCI was possible in only 3/25 (12%) of the cases, of which 2 (66%) did not require stenting after thrombus aspiration; 88% of soldiers reported "training for the event" for less than four times/week. Conclusion STEMI precipitated by strenuous unaccustomed military training have exclusively single vessel affection with an excellent response to thrombolysis and thrombus aspiration. Thus, the timely institution of pharmacological or mechanical revascularization therapy has dramatic results in the preservation of ventricular function. The lack of training for the strenuous event provides strong evidence for comprehensive, graded, physical training prior to strenuous military activities to prevent acute coronary syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navreet Singh
- Senior Advisor (Medicine) & Cardiologist, AFCME, Subroto Park, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Consultant (Medicine) & Cardiologist, 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur Cantt, UP, India
| | - Rajat Datta
- Director General Armed Forces Medical Services, O/o DGAFMS, 'M' Block, MoD, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Naveen Aggarwal
- Director (Cardiologist), Max Superficiality Hospital, Phase 6, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - D S Chadha
- Professor (Cardiology), Manipal Hospital, Airport Road, Bengaluru, India
| | - S P Singh
- Professor (Physiology), Army College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prafull Sharma
- Senior Advisor (Medicine) & Cardiologist, Military Hospital Jalandhar Cantt, Punjab, India
| | - Parag Barwad
- Associate Professor (Cardiology), Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Himanshu Gupta
- Assistant Professor (Cardiology), Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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26
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Singh SP, Kharche SD, Pathak M, Ranjan R, Soni YK, Singh MK, Pourouchottamane R, Chauhan MS. Low oxygen tension potentiates proliferation and stemness but not multilineage differentiation of caprine male germline stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5063-5074. [PMID: 34148207 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The milieu of male germline stem cells (mGSCs) is characterized as a low-oxygen (O2) environment, whereas, their in-vitro expansion is typically performed under normoxia (20-21% O2). The comparative information about the effects of low and normal O2 levels on the growth and differentiation of caprine mGSCs (cmGSCs) is lacking. Thus, we aimed to investigate the functional and multilineage differentiation characteristics of enriched cmGSCs, when grown under hypoxia and normoxia. After enrichment of cmGSCs through multiple methods (differential platting and Percoll-density gradient centrifugation), the growth characteristics of cells [population-doubling time (PDT), viability, proliferation, and senescence], and expression of key-markers of adhesion (β-integrin and E-Cadherin) and stemness (OCT-4, THY-1 and UCHL-1) were evaluated under hypoxia (5% O2) and normoxia (21% O2). Furthermore, the extent of multilineage differentiation (neurogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation) under different culture conditions was assessed. The survival, viability, and proliferation were significantly (p < 0.05) improved, thus, yielding a significantly (p < 0.05) higher number of viable cells with larger colonies under hypoxia. Furthermore, the expression of stemness and adhesion markers were distinctly upregulated under lowered O2 conditions. Conversely, the differentiated regions and expression of differentiation-specific genes [C/EBPα (adipogenic), nestin and β-tubulin (neurogenic), and COL2A1 (chondrogenic)] were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced under hypoxia. Overall, the results demonstrate that culturing cmGSCs under hypoxia augments the growth characteristics and stemness but not the multilineage differentiation of cmGSCs, as compared with normoxia. These data are important to develop robust methodologies for ex-vivo expansion and lineage-committed differentiation of cmGSCs for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India.
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Manisha Pathak
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Soni
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
| | - Ramasamy Pourouchottamane
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281122, India
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Erickson-DiRenzo E, Singh SP, Martinez JD, Sanchez SE, Easwaran M, Valdez TA. Cigarette smoke-induced changes in the murine vocal folds: a Raman spectroscopic observation. Analyst 2021; 145:7709-7717. [PMID: 32996925 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01570a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopic methods are being projected as novel tools to study the early invisible molecular level changes in a label-free manner. In the present study, we have used Raman spectroscopy to explore the earliest biochemical changes in murine vocal folds in response to time-bound cigarette smoke exposure. Mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 2 or 4-weeks through a customized smoke inhalation system. The larynx was collected and initial evaluations using standard methods of analysis such as histopathology and immunofluorescence was performed. Concurrent unstained sections were used for Raman imaging. Two common pathological features of vocal fold disorders including alterations in collagen content and epithelial hypercellularity, or hyperplasia, were observed. The mean spectra, principal component analysis, and Raman mapping also revealed differences in the collagen content and hypercellularity in the smoke exposed tissues. The differences in 2-week exposed tissues were found to be more prominent as compared to 4-week. This was attributed to adaptive responses and the already reported biphasic effects, which suggest that collagen synthesis is significantly reduced at higher cigarette smoke concentrations. Overall findings of the study are supportive of the prospective application of Raman imaging in monitoring changes due to cigarette smoke in the vocal folds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Erickson-DiRenzo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Krishnan V, Awana M, Singh A, Goswami S, Vinutha T, Kumar RR, Singh SP, Sathyavathi T, Sachdev A, Praveen S. Starch molecular configuration and starch-sugar homeostasis: Key determinants of sweet sensory perception and starch hydrolysis in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum). Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1087-1095. [PMID: 33965496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Starch-sugar homeostasis and starch molecular configuration regulates the dynamics of starch digestibility which result in sweet sensory perception and eliciting glycemic response, which has been measured in vitro as inherent glycemic potential (IGP). The objective of the research was to understand the key determinants of IGP as well as sweetness in different Pearl millet (PM) genotypes. To understand the intricate balance between starch and sugar, total starch content (TSC) and total soluble sugars (TSS) were evaluated. Higher concentrations of TSC (67.8%), TSS (2.75%), glucose (0.78%) and sucrose (1.68%) were found in Jafarabadi Bajra. Considering the role of compact molecular configuration of starch towards digestibility, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed. A-type crystallinity with crystallinity degree (CD %) ranged from 53.53-62.63% among different genotypes, where the least CD% (53.53%) was found in Jafarabadi Bajra. In vitro starch hydrolyzation kinetics carried out to determine IGP, revealed a maximum of 77.05% IGP with minimum 1.42% resistant starch (RS) in Jafarabadi Bajra. Overall our results suggest higher sweet sensory perception of Jafarabadi Bajra which is contributed by the matrix composition with least molecular compactness of starch. Also, the interdependence among starch quality parameters; CD%, IGP, RS and amylose has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veda Krishnan
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Monika Awana
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Singh
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Suneha Goswami
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - T Vinutha
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - S P Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Tara Sathyavathi
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Pearl Millet (AICRP-PM), ICAR, Jodhpur, India
| | - Archana Sachdev
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Shelly Praveen
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.
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Ranjan R, Singh P, Singh SP, Gururaj K, Kharche SD, Singh MK. Status of Beta Defensin-1 and its Effect on Post-thaw Semen Fertility Gene Expression in Indian Goat Breed. Cryo Letters 2021; 42:137-145. [PMID: 33970991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defensins are antimicrobial peptides and uniformly spans the entire sperm surface and is not exclusive to a specific domain. Goat β-defensin-1 helps in initiation of motility and capacitation of sperm. OBJECTIVE To know the status of β-defensin-1 in blood, semen and its effect on post thaw fertility gene expression in Indian goat breeds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semen was extended and divided for estimation of β-defensin-1 and cryopreserved having different concentrations of β-defensin-1. RESULTS Bet defensin-1 concentration (pg/mL) in neat semen, sperm pellet and seminal plasma was significantly higher (P< 0.05) in goat breed Barbari followed by Jamunapari and Jakhrana. β-defensing-1 was also high in Jakhrana blood followed by Barbari and Jamunapari. The post thaw motility, live sperm, acrosome intactness and hypo osmotic swelled sperms were significantly higher (P< 0.05) with 10 ng/mL β-defensin in the semen dilutor. CONCLUSION Beta defensin (10 ng/mL) in semen dilutor may be used as immuno-modulator to get better post thaw quality suitable for artificial insemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ranjan
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India. or
| | - P Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
| | - S P Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
| | - K Gururaj
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
| | - S D Kharche
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
| | - M K Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
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Singh SP, Kharche SD, Pathak M, Ranjan R, Soni YK, Saraswat S, Singh MK, Chauhan MS. Differential effects of extracellular matrix proteins on in vitro culture and growth characteristics of caprine male germ cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:373-380. [PMID: 33826044 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-021-00559-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India.
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Manisha Pathak
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Soni
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Sonia Saraswat
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 122, India
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Jena D, Kharche SD, Singh SP, Rani S, Dige MS, Ranjan R, Singh SK, Kumar H. Growth and proliferation of caprine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on different culture media. Tissue Cell 2020; 67:101446. [PMID: 33099198 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The growth and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells are very sensitive in in vitro and a number of factors like media play a significant role in that context. In this study we assessed effect of different media on growth and proliferation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). The BMMSCs were isolated from caprine bone marrow and were subjected to magnetic activated cell sorting against CD90+, CD105+, CD271+and CD34- along with FC blocker. After characterisation, 2 × 104 cells were seeded in 12 well culture plates in four different media viz. MesenCult, MesenPRO, StemPro and complete DMEM (15 % FBS) to study their growth kinetic for 6 days from passage 0 (P0) to passage 3 (P3). The population doubling time (PDT) was derived from growth curve using logarithmic formula. The results showed that the BMMSCs growth and proliferation was highest in MesenCult media in P0 which varied significantly (p < 0.05) from rest of media and from P1 to P3, it was MesenPRO which yielded maximum cells (p < 0.05). The PDT was also in line with growth curve findings. In conclusion, the MesenPRO media had higher growth and proliferation rate from P1 to P3 although MesenCult had higher cell numbers in P0. In conclusion, the use of MesenPRO media could be a better option than conventional media when mesenchymal stem cells are used in clinical applications and other therapeutic purposes taking consideration to its higher growth and proliferation rate. And MesenCult would be a great option to harvest MSCs from P0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayanidhi Jena
- Dept. of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 231001, India
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, 281122, Mathura, U.P., India.
| | - Shiva Pratap Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, 281122, Mathura, U.P., India
| | - Sonam Rani
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, 281122, Mathura, U.P., India
| | - Mahesh Shivanand Dige
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, 281122, Mathura, U.P., India
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, 281122, Mathura, U.P., India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, U.P., 243122, India
| | - Harendra Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, U.P., 243122, India
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Santosh P, Adams L, Fiori F, Davidović N, de Girolamo G, Dieleman GC, Franić T, Heaney N, Lievesley K, Madan J, Maras A, Mastroianni M, McNicholas F, Paul M, Purper-Ouakil D, Sagar-Ouriaghli I, Schulze U, Signorini G, Street C, Tah P, Tremmery S, Tuomainen H, Verhulst FC, Warwick J, Wolke D, Singh J, Singh SP. Protocol for the development and validation procedure of the managing the link and strengthening transition from child to adult mental health care (MILESTONE) suite of measures. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 32299401 PMCID: PMC7161143 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health disorders in the child and adolescent population are a pressing public health concern. Despite the high prevalence of psychopathology in this vulnerable population, the transition from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) to Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS) has many obstacles such as deficiencies in planning, organisational readiness and policy gaps. All these factors contribute to an inadequate and suboptimal transition process. A suite of measures is required that would allow young people to be assessed in a structured and standardised way to determine the on-going need for care and to improve communication across clinicians at CAMHS and AMHS. This will have the potential to reduce the overall health economic burden and could also improve the quality of life for patients travelling across the transition boundary. The MILESTONE (Managing the Link and Strengthening Transition from Child to Adult Mental Health Care) project aims to address the significant socioeconomic and societal challenge related to the transition process. This protocol paper describes the development of two MILESTONE transition-related measures: The Transition Readiness and Appropriateness Measure (TRAM), designed to be a decision-making aide for clinicians, and the Transition Related Outcome Measure (TROM), for examining the outcome of transition. Methods The TRAM and TROM have been developed and were validated following the US FDA Guidance for Patient-reported Outcome Measures which follows an incremental stepwise framework. The study gathers information from service users, parents, families and mental health care professionals who have experience working with young people undergoing the transition process from eight European countries. Discussion There is an urgent need for comprehensive measures that can assess transition across the CAMHS/AMHS boundary. This study protocol describes the process of development of two new transition measures: the TRAM and TROM. The TRAM has the potential to nurture better transitions as the findings can be summarised and provided to clinicians as a clinician-decision making support tool for identifying cases who need to transition and the TROM can be used to examine the outcomes of the transition process. Trial registration MILESTONE study registration: ISRCTN83240263 Registered 23-July-2015 - ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03013595 Registered 6 January 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Santosh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. .,Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. .,HealthTracker Ltd, Gillingham, Kent, UK.
| | - L Adams
- School of Psychology, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
| | - F Fiori
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,HealthTracker Ltd, Gillingham, Kent, UK
| | - N Davidović
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital Center Split, Split, Croatia
| | - G de Girolamo
- Unità di Psichiatria Epidemiologica e Valutativa, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - G C Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Franić
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital Center Split, Split, Croatia
| | - N Heaney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Lievesley
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Madan
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - A Maras
- Yulius Academy, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Mastroianni
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F McNicholas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University College Dublin School of Medicine and Medical Science, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.,Geary Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.,Department of Child Psychiatry, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.,Lucena Clinic, SJOG, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - M Paul
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - D Purper-Ouakil
- CHU Montpellier / University of Montpellier; Saint Eloi Hospital, Médecine Psychlogique de l'enfant et de adolescent (MPEA1), Montpellier, France
| | - I Sagar-Ouriaghli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - U Schulze
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - G Signorini
- Unità di Psichiatria Epidemiologica e Valutativa, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Street
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - P Tah
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - S Tremmery
- Department of Neurosciences, Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Tuomainen
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - F C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Warwick
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - D Wolke
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J Singh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S P Singh
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
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Singh SP, Natesan R, Sharma N, Goel AK, Singh MK, Kharche SD. Assessment of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein profile in milk for early pregnancy diagnosis in goats. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:26-35. [PMID: 32054161 PMCID: PMC7888492 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to assess the level of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) in whole and skim milk samples, and its suitability for early pregnancy diagnosis in goats. Methods A two-step sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system for estimation of milk PAG was developed and validated, which employed caprine-PAG specific polyclonal antisera. Whole and skim milk samples (n = 210 each) from fifteen multiparous goats were collected on alternate days from d 10 to d 30, and thereafter weekly till d 51 post-mating. PAG levels in milk samples were estimated by ELISA and the pregnancies were confirmed at d40 post-mating by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). Results The level of PAG in whole and skim milk samples of both pregnant and non-pregnant goats remained below the threshold values until d 24 after mating. Thereafter, PAG concentration in whole and skim milk increased steadily in pregnant goats, whereas it continued below the threshold in non-pregnant does. The PAG profiles in whole and skim milk of pregnant goats were almost similar and exhibited strong positive relationship (r = 0.891; p<0.001). Day 26 post-mating was identified as the first time-point for significantly (p<0.05) higher milk PAG concentration in pregnant goats than to non-pregnant goats. When compared to TRUS examination for pregnancy diagnosis, the accuracy and specificity of PAG ELISA using whole and skim milk samples were 94.5% and 95.4%; and 95.3% and 100%, respectively. The high values of area-under-curve (0.904 [whole milk] and 0.922 [skim milk]), demonstrate outstanding discrimination ability of the milk assays. Among the sampling dates chosen, d 37 post-mating was identified as the best suitable time point for collection of milk samples to detect pregnancy in goats. Conclusion The PAG concentration in whole and skim milk of goats collected between days 26 and 51 post-breeding can be used for the accurate prediction of pregnancy and may be useful for assisting management decisions in goat flocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., 281122, India
| | - Ramachandran Natesan
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., 281122, India
| | - Nandini Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., 281122, India
| | - Anil Kumar Goel
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., 281122, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Indian Council of Agricultural ResearchCentral Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., 281122, India
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., 281122, India
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Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes cause severe damage to the various agricultural crops, leading to economic losses for farmers. Therefore, identification and development of novel and environmentally benign nematicides is critically important. In this study, a silver nanoparticle (AgNP) formulation was synthesized, characterized, and investigated as a potential nematicide against rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne gramnicola, on rice (Oryza sativa). A series of lab assays (water and sand screening) and glasshouse experiments (using soilless system, autoclaved soil, and naturally infested soil) were conducted to examine the nematicidal effects of AgNP. The results from lab assays revealed 0.1 μg/ml as the minimum concentration for 100% irreversible nematode mortality after 12 hr in the water screening test. However, results from the sand screening test indicated 100% nematicidal effect of AgNP at 2 μg/ml after 24 hr of incubation. In glasshouse assays in soilless system of rice cultivation, 1 μg/ml concentration of AgNP applied directly to the trays achieved significant suppression of root gall formation. The effective dosage to kill nematodes in field soil assays was determined to be 3 μg/ml, which is lower than the value of 150 μg/ml reported in the literature. No visible adverse effect of AgNP was observed on seed germination or plant growth in all the experiments. The results indicate that AgNP has effective nematicidal activity against M. graminicola in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Baronia
- Indian Reference Materials Division, CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Nematodes in Agriculture, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - S P Singh
- Indian Reference Materials Division, CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - R K Walia
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Nematodes in Agriculture, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Singh J, Singh SP. Geopolymerization of solid waste of non-ferrous metallurgy - A review. J Environ Manage 2019; 251:109571. [PMID: 31546140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for non-ferrous metals (Aluminium, Copper, Nickle, Lead and Zinc) has grown the non-ferrous metallurgical industry, which generate huge amount of solid waste. Most common method for the disposal of these solid wastes is dumping at sites, which pollutes the soil and water and covers the useful land. Geopolymerization technique can be very helpful for the safe disposal of these solid wastes, which converts the solid wastes into valuable construction materials such as binders, mortar, bricks, paving blocks and concrete etc. However, to commercialize the use of these construction products, some key aspects require detailed examination. Alternative techniques and materials will have to be identified to increase their reactivity in geopolymerization and in-depth knowledge of reaction mechanism, mix design, strength and durability characteristics of resulting geopolymer will have to be studied. The present paper reviews the important studies on geopolymerization of different solid wastes produced from non-ferrous industry. The optimum synthesis parameters such as alkali activators, curing temperature, curing time and molar ratio etc. for the geopolymerization of these solid wastes are reported and exiting gaps and future trends are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagmeet Singh
- Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India.
| | - S P Singh
- Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India.
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Singh K, Singh SP, Kaur G, Bose K. Association of body mass index and upper arm body composition with depressive symptoms in old age home and family based elderly. Homo 2019; 70:155-162. [PMID: 31486826 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The following study was designed to find out the association of the mid-upper arm body composition and body mass index (BMI) with depressive symptoms among the old age home based (group 1) and family based elderly (group 2) subjects. In group 1 elderly males, 51.5% were showing mild depressive symptoms and 17% were showing moderate to severe depressive symptoms. On the other hand, among group 2 elderly males, prevalence of mild depressive symptoms was in 27% and moderate to severe depressive symptoms was in 4.5% of the subjects. Among elderly with and without depressive symptoms, BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), arm muscle circumference (AMC), arm muscle area (AMA), arm fat area (AFA), fat mass (FM), muscle mass and bone mass were significantly (p < 0.01) lesser among group 1 as compared to group 2. Among group 1, the AFA (R2 change = 0.178), AMC (R2 change = 0.035), AMA (R2 change = 0.032), FM (R2 change = 0.022) and muscle mass (R2 change = 0.019) have highest contribution to the variance of depressive symptoms. On the other hand, BMI (R2 change = 0.04) and WHR (R2 change = 0.03) had the highest, though small, contribution to the variance of depressive symptoms among group 2. The upper arm body composition indices were better indicator of depressive symptoms in group 1, and BMI and WHR were better indicators of depressive symptoms in group 2. Therefore, among group 1 subjects, the upper arm body composition indices prove to be better regular health monitoring indices as compared to traditionally used BMI and WHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Ginjinder Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Kaushik Bose
- Department of Anthropology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Prof, Unit of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthpaedics, Oral Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
| | - Sanjeev Verma
- Asst. Prof, Unit of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Singh SP, Xia A, Tusty M, Victorovich Malkovskiy A, Easwaran M, Zarabanda D, Valdez TA. Identification of early inflammatory changes in the tympanic membrane with Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2019; 144:6721-6728. [PMID: 31612878 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01772k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tympanic membrane (TM) is a dynamic structure that separates the middle ear from the external auditory canal. It is also integral for the transmission of sound waves. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to identify early chemical changes resulting from inflammation in the TM that can serve as an indicator of acute otitis media. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected trans-tympanicaly in a murine model. Presence of inflammatory response was assessed with binocular microscopy, confirmed with histopathology and immunofluorescence staining. Successful discrimination suggesting spectral differences among the control and LPS treated groups was achieved using principal component analysis. Raman imaging revealed major differences in collagen distribution and nucleic acid content. Image segmentation analysis on the trichrome stained tissue sections was performed to corroborate the Raman spectra. The spectral co-localization study suggests changes in the expression of collagen IV specific signals in LPS treated samples. The overall findings of the study support prospective application of RS in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of otitis media.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Anping Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Mahbuba Tusty
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | | | - Meena Easwaran
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - David Zarabanda
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Tulio A Valdez
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
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Singh SP, Ramachandran N, Sharma N, Goel AK, de Sousa NM, Beckers JF, Swain DK, Singh MK, Kharche SD. Relationship of foetal number and parity in Barbari goats to plasma profile of caprine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (caPAG) during gestation and the early postpartum period. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 210:106190. [PMID: 31635784 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to characterise pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (caPAG) in peripheral plasma during gestation and postpartum periods of nulliparous and multiparous does with one or two foetuses using a caPAG specific two-step sandwich ELISA system. Earliest time-points for detection of pregnancy and foetal number with appropriate cut-off values were identified. Plasma samples from 15 pregnant (multiparous: n = 8; nulliparous: n = 7; during pregnancy and postpartum period) and six non-pregnant (during oestrous cycle) goats were collected and analysed. Mean caPAG concentration was greater than the threshold for pregnancy detection (S-N = 0.40) on d22, peaked on d45 and remained unchanged until parturition. From d45 until parturition, caPAG concentration in multiparous does with two foetuses was 1.4 to 1.8 fold greater (P < 0.001) than those with one foetus. For the ELISA, 0.83 (S-N) was the most appropriate cut-off to differentiate does with two from those with a single foetus with an overall sensitivity and accuracy of 88.9% and 84.7%, respectively. Circulating caPAG concentration in multiparous goats was greater (P < 0.05) compared with nulliparous goats during the early pregnancy and postpartum periods. After parturition, caPAG concentrations markedly decreased and were basal within 14 days postpartum. In conclusion, using the caPAG specific ELISA, results indicated there were unique gestational and postpartum profiles for caPAG concentrations that are affected by number of foetuses and parity of the doe. The marked decrease in concentration of caPAG following parturition indicates there would not be compromising of the detection of subsequent pregnancies in goats using this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - N Ramachandran
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Goel
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N M de Sousa
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000, Belgium
| | - J F Beckers
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000, Belgium
| | - D K Swain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M K Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S D Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Dua S, Singh SP, Chawla A, Mohan L, Bhattacharya A, Basannar DR. Ventilatory parameters at rest after months of stay at 3300 m: A comparison between acclimatized lowlanders and natives at Leh. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:274-281. [PMID: 31388229 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increased pulmonary ventilation helps lowlanders and natives to maintain arterial oxygenation at high altitudes. Natives of Ladakh have been shown to have similar ventilatory parameters as Tibetans at 3300 m. But there is limited literature comparing these parameters in Ladakhi natives with acclimatized lowland sojourners. Methods End-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (EtCO2), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) were measured in 276 participants, 126 native highlanders (NHL - 40 females, 86 males) and 150 acclimatized lowlanders (ALL - 60 females, 90 males). Results EtCO2 was greater in the NHL compared to the ALL, (33.8 ± 3.3 vs 31 ± 2.5 mmHg) although SpO2 was lower (90.9 ± 2.4 vs 91.7 ± 2.3%). When grouped by sex, NHL males had significantly greater EtCO2 than NHL females, ALL males and ALL females. Hb and calculated arterial oxygen content was similar in Ladakhis and acclimatized lowlanders, although greater in males compared to females. Systemic blood pressure, heart rate and the proportion of hypertensives was significantly greater in the ALL. Conclusion Native Ladakhis, have a significantly greater resting EtCO2 (especially in males) and lower SpO2 than acclimatized lowlanders. Blood Hb concentration and oxygen content is, however, similar in natives and acclimatized lowlanders of the same sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelka Dua
- Classified Specialist (Physiology), 165 Military Hospital, C/o 99 APO, India
| | - S P Singh
- Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
| | - Anuj Chawla
- Senior Adviser (Physiology), Base Hospital Delhi Cantt, Delhi, India
| | - Latika Mohan
- Professor & Head (Physiology), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anirban Bhattacharya
- Research Pool Officer, High Altitude Medical Research Centre, Leh, Ladakh, India
| | - D R Basannar
- Scientist 'F', Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
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Sikri G, Kotwal A, Singh SP, Bhattachar S, Bhatia SS, Dutt M, Srinath N. Is it time to revise the acclimatization schedule at high altitude? Evidence from a field trial in Western Himalayas. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:251-258. [PMID: 31388226 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Western Himalayas, Indian Army soldiers take 11 days (6 days of acclimatization and 5 days of travel) on a sea-level to high altitude road (SH road) to reach a high altitude location (HAL) situated at an altitude of 11,500 feet from sea-level location (SLL) at an altitude of 1150 feet while following acclimatization schedule (AS). AS has an extra safety margin over the conventional 'mountaineering thumb rule' of not exceeding 500 m sleeping altitude above 3000 m altitude. We carried out this randomised field trial to study the feasibility of moving large number of troops rapidly from SLL to HAL on SH road in western Himalayas in 4 days under pharmaco-prophylaxis. Methods Based on the pharmaco-prophylaxis, at SLL 508 healthy lowland soldiers were divided into two groups: 'A' (n = 256) with Acetazolamide + Dexamethasone and 'B' (n = 252) with Acetazolamide + Placebo. They travelled rapidly by road to HAL in 4 days and prevalence of acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE) during the ascent was measured. Results Prevalence of AMS was found to be 1.56% and 1.59% in group 'A' and group 'B' respectively during the ascent with no cases of HAPE and HACE. Conclusion At least on SH road, troops can be inducted rapidly to HAL from SLL in 4 days under pharmaco-prophylaxis with Acetazolamide with minimal occurrence of acute high altitude illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sikri
- Professor and Head, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411040, India
| | - Atul Kotwal
- Dy DGAFMS (Pensions), O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, 'M' Block, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - S P Singh
- Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411040, India
| | - Srinivasa Bhattachar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411040, India
| | - S S Bhatia
- Commandant, Military Hospital Mhow, C/o 56 APO, India
| | - Manohar Dutt
- Commanding Officer, 4002 Field Hospital, C/o 56 APO, India
| | - N Srinath
- Consultant (Surgery), O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, 'M' Block, New Delhi, 110001, India
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Moorchung N, Puri B, Bhatti V, Lahareesh BL, Singh SP, Sitaram WT. In the search of a 'fitness gene': an analysis of ACTN gene polymorphisms in serving soldiers. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:246-250. [PMID: 31388225 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic polymorphisms in the exon 15 and exon 16 of the ACTN3 gene are believed to be associated with athletic performance. Paratroopers are some of the fittest soldiers in the Indian Armed Forces. This study was taken up to assess if there was a significant difference in the genetic profile between paratroopers and non-paratroopers. Method Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction length fragment polymorphism (RFLP) was used to analyse the genetic polymorphisms in the exon 15 and 16 of the ACTN3 gene. Results There was a significant difference between paratroopers and non-paratroopers in the polymorphic loci at codon 15 and 16. Conclusions The study suggests that there is a significant difference in the genotype between paratroopers and non-paratroopers. It is likely that the differences in muscle fibres as a result of these genotypic changes confer a 'survival advantage'; people with a homozygous genotype are more likely to pass the harsh probation and qualify for the Parachute Regiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Moorchung
- Assistant Director, Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bengaluru 560066, India
| | - Bipin Puri
- Director General Armed Forces Medical Services, O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, 'M' Block, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Vijay Bhatti
- Director (H) AFMS, O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, New Delhi, India
| | | | - S P Singh
- DADMS, HQ CE (P) Swastik, C/o 99 APO, India
| | - Wankhede Tanaji Sitaram
- Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
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Kedia S, Sharma R, Makharia G, Ahuja V, Desai D, Kandasamy D, Eapen A, Ganesan K, Ghoshal UC, Kalra N, Karthikeyan R, Madhusudhan KS, Philip M, Puri A, Puri S, Sinha SK, Banerjee R, Bhatia S, Bhat N, Dadhich S, Dhali GK, Goswami BD, Issar SK, Jayanthi V, Misra SP, Nijhawan S, Puri P, Sarkar A, Singh SP, Srivastava A, Abraham P, Ramakrishna BS. Indian guidelines on imaging of the small intestine in Crohn's disease: A joint Indian Society of Gastroenterology and Indian Radiology and Imaging Association consensus statement. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2019; 29:111-132. [PMID: 31367083 PMCID: PMC6639863 DOI: 10.4103/ijri.ijri_153_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Indian Society of Gastroenterology (ISG) Task Force on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA) developed combined ISG-IRIA evidence-based best-practice guidelines for imaging of the small intestine in patients suspected to have or having Crohn's disease. The 29 consensus statements, developed through a modified Delphi process, are intended to serve as reference for teaching, clinical practice, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kedia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Raju Sharma
- Radiadiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Govind Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Desai
- Division of Gastroenterology, P D Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Anu Eapen
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthik Ganesan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sir H. N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Uday C Ghoshal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Naveen Kalra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Karthikeyan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, SRM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chennai, India
| | | | - Mathew Philip
- Department of Gastroenterology, PVS Memorial Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Amarender Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Puri
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, GB Pant Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Saroj K Sinha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupa Banerjee
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shobna Bhatia
- Department of Gastroenterology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Naresh Bhat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunil Dadhich
- Department of Gastroenterology, SN Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - G K Dhali
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical, Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - B D Goswami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guwahati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - S K Issar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital and Research Centre, Bhilai, Chhattishgarh, India
| | - V Jayanthi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - S P Misra
- Department of Gastroenterology, MLN Medical College, Allahabad, UP, India
| | - Sandeep Nijhawan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - Pankaj Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Military Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Avik Sarkar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical, Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Anshu Srivastava
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Philip Abraham
- Division of Gastroenterology, P D Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - B S Ramakrishna
- Department of Gastroenterology, SRM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chennai, India
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Sandhu N, Subedi SR, Singh VK, Sinha P, Kumar S, Singh SP, Ghimire SK, Pandey M, Yadaw RB, Varshney RK, Kumar A. Deciphering the genetic basis of root morphology, nutrient uptake, yield, and yield-related traits in rice under dry direct-seeded cultivation systems. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9334. [PMID: 31249338 PMCID: PMC6597570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the face of global water scarcity, a successful transition of rice cultivation from puddled to dry direct-seeded rice (DDSR) is a future need. A genome-wide association study was performed on a complex mapping population for 39 traits: 9 seedling-establishment traits, 14 root and nutrient-uptake traits, 5 plant morphological traits, 4 lodging resistance traits, and 7 yield and yield-contributing traits. A total of 10 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) were found along with 25 QTLs associated with 25 traits. The percent phenotypic variance explained by SNPs ranged from 8% to 84%. Grain yield was found to be significantly and positively correlated with seedling-establishment traits, root morphological traits, nutrient uptake-related traits, and grain yield-contributing traits. The genomic colocation of different root morphological traits, nutrient uptake-related traits, and grain-yield-contributing traits further supports the role of root morphological traits in improving nutrient uptake and grain yield under DDSR. The QTLs/candidate genes underlying the significant MTAs were identified. The identified promising progenies carrying these QTLs may serve as potential donors to be exploited in genomics-assisted breeding programs for improving grain yield and adaptability under DDSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitika Sandhu
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.,Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sushil Raj Subedi
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.,Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal.,National Rice Research Program, Hardinath, Nepal
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pallavi Sinha
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and System Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S P Singh
- Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | | | - Madhav Pandey
- Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
| | | | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and System Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.
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Singh SP, Ramachandran N, Sharma N, Goel AK, Gururaj K, Kharche SD. Temporal changes in plasma profile of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein, progesterone and estrone sulfate associated with fetal number during early- and mid-pregnancy in goats. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 205:115-125. [PMID: 31040054 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate plasma profile of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG), progesterone (P4) and estrone sulfate (E1S) during early- and mid-pregnancy. The goal was to explore the relationships with values for reproductive variables, to detect the most reliable predictor variable, and to identify the most desirable time point for blood collection for determining fetal number in goats. After ultrasonographic examination at d35-40 post-mating, blood sampling of 15 pregnant goats (total 18) was continued until d114. The PAG profile was characterized by gradual increase during early pregnancy from d26 to d51 and thereafter concentrations were relatively constant until d114 of gestation. The effect of fetal number on plasma PAG, P4 and E1S was first evident on d28, d51 and d26, respectively. During mid-pregnancy, does with twins had a greater (P < 0.05) PAG (S-N = 2.54 ± 0.12 compared with 1.59 ± 0.11), P4 (18.91 ± 0.67 compared with 14.51 ± 0.47 ng/mL) and E1S (16.34 ± 0.76 compared with 11.32 ± 0.44 ng/dL) as compared with does with a singleton fetus. Plasma PAG but not P4 and E1S was positively correlated with fetal number and birth weight of kids during early pregnancy. Multivariate linear regression and discriminant function analyzes allowed for identification of plasma PAG as the most reliable predictor for fetal number and birth weight of kids. Furthermore, d58 was the most suitable single time point for prediction of fetal number using PAG as a biomarker. In conclusion, plasma profile of PAG, P4 and E1S was affected by fetal count. Plasma PAG was identified as the most reliable predictor variable of fetal number and birth weight of kids as compared to plasma P4 and E1S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Pratap Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., India.
| | - Natesan Ramachandran
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., India
| | - Nandini Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., India
| | - Anil Kumar Goel
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., India
| | - Kumaresan Gururaj
- Animal Health Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., India
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, U.P., India
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Singh SP, Natesan R, Sharma N, Goel AK, Singh MK, Kharche SD. Pregnancy-associated glycoprotein profile in milk and its relationship with the circulating level during early pregnancy in goats. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Yadav S, Sandhu N, Majumder RR, Dixit S, Kumar S, Singh SP, Mandal NP, Das SP, Yadaw RB, Singh VK, Sinha P, Varshney RK, Kumar A. Epistatic interactions of major effect drought QTLs with genetic background loci determine grain yield of rice under drought stress. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2616. [PMID: 30796339 PMCID: PMC6385343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epistatic interactions of QTLs with the genetic background and QTL-QTL interaction plays an important role in the phenotypic performance of introgression lines developed through genomic-assisted breeding (GAB). In this context, NIL pairs developed with various drought QTL (qDTY) combinations in the genetic background of IR64, TDK1-Sub1 and Savitri backgrounds were utilized to study the interactions. Multi-season phenotyping of NIL pairs harboring similar qDTY combinations provided contrasting performance for grain yield under drought (RS) (classified as high and low yielding NILs) but nearly similar performance under non-stress(NS) conditions. Genome wide genotyping data revealed a total of 16, 5 and 6 digenic interactions were detected under RS conditions in low yielding NILs of IR64, TDK1-Sub1 and Savitri respectively while no significant interaction was found in high yielding NILs under RS and NS conditions in any of the genetic backgrounds used in this study. It is evident from this study that existence of epistatic interactions between QTLs with genetic background, QTL-QTL interaction and interactions among background markers loci itself on different chromosomes influences the expression of a complex trait such as grain yield under drought. The generated information will be useful in all the GAB program of across the crops for precise breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Yadav
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Nitika Sandhu
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Ratna Rani Majumder
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Shalabh Dixit
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Santosh Kumar
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S P Singh
- Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bihar, India
| | - N P Mandal
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research station, National Rice Research Institute, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India
| | - S P Das
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Tripura Centre, Lembucherra, Tripura, India
| | | | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pallavi Sinha
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines.
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Perry BI, Kular A, Brown L, Gajwani R, Jasani R, Islam Z, Birchwood M, Singh SP. The association between treatment beliefs and engagement in care in first episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2019; 204:409-410. [PMID: 30100109 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B I Perry
- Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, United Kingdom; Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, United Kingdom.
| | - A Kular
- Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - L Brown
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - R Gajwani
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - R Jasani
- Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Z Islam
- LOROS Hospice, United Kingdom
| | - M Birchwood
- Medical School, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - S P Singh
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, United Kingdom; Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
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Fang YN, Hahn H, Kobe S, Witte R, Singh SP, Feng T, Ghafari M. Modifying the transition temperature, 120 K ≤ T c ≤ 1150 K, of amorphous Fe 90-xCo xSc 10 with simultaneous alteration of fluctuation of exchange integral up to zero. Sci Rep 2019; 9:412. [PMID: 30675006 PMCID: PMC6344561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36891-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous (a-) Fe90−xCoxSc10 alloys have been produced by rapid quenching from the melt. The Curie temperature, TC, was determined using both mean field theory and Landau’s theory of second-order phase transitions in zero and non-zero external fields. The dependence of TC on the atomic spacing can be explained by the empirical Bethe-Slater curve. The value of TC of a- Fe5Co85Sc10, determined by the above theoretical approaches is 1150 K, which is the highest TC ever measured for amorphous alloys. The flattening of the measured normalized magnetization, M(T)/M(0), as a function of the reduced temperature, T/TC, is explained within the framework of the Handrich- Kobe model. According to this model the fluctuation of the exchange integral is the main reason for the flattening of M(T)/M(0). In the case of a-Fe90Sc10 without Co, however, the fluctuation of the exchange integral is dominant only at zero external field, Bex = 0. At Bex = 9 T, however, the fluctuation of the exchange integral has no conspicuous effect on the reduction of the magnetization. It is shown that at Bex = 9 T the frozen magnetic clusters control the behaviour of the reduced magnetization as function of T/TC. In contrast to other ferromagnetic alloys, where the flattening of M(T)/M(0) is characteristic for an amorphous structure, the a- Fe5Co85Sc10 does not exhibit any trace of the fluctuation of the exchange integral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Fang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - H Hahn
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.,Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz- Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein- Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - S Kobe
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Theoretische Physik, D-01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Witte
- Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz- Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein- Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - S P Singh
- Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz- Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein- Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - T Feng
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - M Ghafari
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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Varshney N, Aggarwal S, Kumar S, Singh SP. Retention and patient satisfaction with bar-clip, ball and socket and kerator attachments in mandibular implant overdenture treatment: An in vivo study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2019; 19:49-57. [PMID: 30745754 PMCID: PMC6340082 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_281_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate and compare the retention and patient satisfaction in implant supported mandibular overdenture with three different attachment system. Materials and Methods: After evaluation of prosthetic space, fifteen edentulous subjects received two implants in the inter-foramina region of the mandible and were divided into 3 groups with 5 subjects each, delayed loading protocol was followed in all the patients. The retention force and satisfaction level with the attachments at baseline and after 6 months was measured in a standardised way using retentive device and VAS questionnaire. The study was based on evaluation of retention and patient satisfaction. 15 subjects were included in the study. The results obtained were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA test, and multiple comparisons were carried out using the Bonferroni tests. Results: At the end of six months, the retention force and satisfaction level was higher in Group 3 (Kerator attachment) as compared to Group 1 (ball and socket attachment) and Group 2 (bar and clip attachment) and patient satisfaction was equal in groups 1, 2 and 3 but the total number of interventions is significantly higher in the attachment bar. Analysis of variance with repeated measures showed significant differences in retention force among the three attachment types. Conclusion: (1) Group 3 (kerator attachment) exhibit higher retentive capacities than Group 1 (ball and socket attachment) and Group 2 (bar and clip attachment). (2) patient satisfaction was higher in Group 3 (Kerator attachment) in compare to Group 1 (ball and socket attachment) and Group 2 (bar and clip attachment).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Varshney
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, ITS - CDSR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sumit Aggarwal
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, ITS - CDSR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shalabh Kumar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, ITS - CDSR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, ITS - CDSR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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