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Morigi JJ, Kovaleva N, Phan S. Spotlight on: “dynamic PET/CT imaging”. Clin Transl Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40336-022-00500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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O'Shaughnessy J, Brufsky A, Rugo H, Tolaney S, Diab S, Punie K, Sardesai S, Hamilton E, Loirat D, Traina T, Leon-Ferre R, Hurvitz S, Kalinsky K, Bardia A, Henry S, Mayer I, Hong Q, Phan S, Cortés J. 258P Analysis of patients (pts) without an initial triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) diagnosis (Dx) in the phase III ASCENT study of sacituzumab govitecan (SG) in brain metastases-negative (BMNeg) metastatic TNBC (mTNBC). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Herbst R, De Marinis F, Giaccone G, Vergnenegre A, Barrios C, Morise M, Felip E, Oprean C, Kim Y, Andric Z, Mocci S, Enquist I, Komatsubara K, Mccleland M, Deng Y, Kuriki H, Villalobos M, Phan S, Spigel D, Jassem J. FP13.03 IMpower110: Updated OS Analysis of Atezolizumab vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment in PD-L1–Selected NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lee J, Chaft J, Nicholas A, Patterson A, Waqar S, Toloza E, Haura E, Raz D, Reckamp K, Merritt R, Owen D, Finley D, Mcnamee C, Blasberg J, Garon E, Mitchell J, Doebele R, Baciewicz F, Nagasaka M, Pass H, Schulze K, Phan S, Johnson A, Bunn P, Johnson B, Kris M, Kwiatkowski D, Wistuba I, Carbone D, Rusch V. PS01.05 Surgical and Clinical Outcomes With Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab in Resectable Stage IB–IIIB NSCLC: LCMC3 Trial Primary Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Carbone D, Lee J, Kris M, Wistuba I, Kwiatkowski D, Owen D, Bunn P, Johnson B, Oezkan F, Tang Y, Parra E, Lozanski G, Rivard C, Schulze K, Nicholas A, Johnson A, Grindheim J, Shames D, Phan S, Toloza E, Haura E, Mcnamee C, Gainor J, Patterson A, Waqar S, Raz D, Reckamp K, Finley D, Rusch V, Chaft J, Abel J. OA06.06 Clinical/Biomarker Data for Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab in Resectable Stage IB-IIIB NSCLC: Primary Analysis in the LCMC3 Study. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Phan S, Perlis ML, Hale L, Branas C, Killgore WD, Wills CC, Grandner MA. 0544 Reconsidering Stimulus Control: Activities in Bed Associated with Sleep-Related Outcomes. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The typical advice is that in order to avoid insomnia, people should avoid activities in bed other than sleep. Yet, activities such as reading and watching TV in bed are common.
Methods
Data were obtained from the Sleep and Health Activity, Diet, Environment, and Socialization (SHADES) Study, N=1,007 adults age 22-60. Sleep hygiene was assessed using items from the Sleep Practices and Attitudes Questionnaire (SPAQ), which asked whether respondents agree/disagree that they do the following in bed: Read, Watch TV, Eat, Work, Worry, and/or Argue. These were analyzed in relation to Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) score, and self-reported sleep duration (TST), sleep latency (SL), and wake after sleep onset (WASO). Covariates included age, sex, education, and income.
Results
Those that frequently engaged in activities were: reading (75%), watching TV (63%), eating (42%), working (32%), worrying (82%), and arguing (23%). Reading was associated with less WASO (B=-14min, p=0.02). Watching TV was associated with higher ISI (B=1.22, p=0.04), PSQI (B=1.04, p=0.007), and ESS (B=0.87, p=0.049), and less TST (B=-0.29, p=0.04). Eating was associated with higher ISI (B=1.75, p=0.01), PSQI (B=1.23, p=0.008), and FSS (B=4.36, p=0.002). Working was associated with higher ISI (B=1.82, p=0.019), PSQI (B=1.65, p=0.001), and ESS (B=1.78, p=0.002). Worrying was associated with higher ISI (B=7.34, p<0.0005), PSQI (B=4.40, p<0.0005), ESS (B=2.53, p=0.001), FSS (B=9.51, p<0.0005), and SL (B=19.39, p<0.0005), and less TST (B=-0.55, p=0.023). Arguing was associated with higher ISI (B=3.78, p<0.0005), PSQI (B=3.15, p<0.0005), ESS (1.47, p=0.023), and SL (B=10.97, p=0.013), and lower TST (B=-0.71, p=0.001).
Conclusion
Individuals who perform mentally distressing activities such as worrying and arguing experience especially worse sleep, and those who read in bed have fewer awakenings.
Support
The SHADES study was funded by R21ES022931. Dr. Grandner is supported by R01MD011600.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Phan
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - M L Perlis
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - L Hale
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - C Branas
- Columbia University, New York, NY
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Oezkan F, He K, Owen D, Pietrzak M, Cho J, Kitzler R, Pearson R, Rusch V, Chaft J, Suh R, Blasberg J, Reckamp K, Raz D, Kneuertz P, Fiorillo L, Garon E, Nicholas A, Johnson A, Schulze K, Grindheim J, Banchereau R, Phan S, Bunn P, Kwiatkowski D, Johnson B, Kris M, Wistuba I, Lee J, Lozanski G, Carbone D. OA13.07 Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab in Resectable NSCLC Patients: Immunophenotyping Results from the Interim Analysis of the Multicenter Trial LCMC3. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Reck M, Liu S, Mansfield A, Mok T, Scherpereel A, Reinmuth N, Garassino M, De Carpeno JC, Califano R, Nishio M, Orlandi F, Alexander JAA, Leal T, Cheng Y, Lee JS, Lam S, McCleland M, Deng Y, Phan S, Horn L. IMpower133: Updated overall survival (OS) analysis of first-line (1L) atezolizumab (atezo) + carboplatin + etoposide in extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Socinski M, Velcheti V, Mekhail T, Chae Y, Leal T, Dowell J, Tsai M, Dakhil C, Stella P, Shen V, Hu S, Paul S, Shames D, Schleifman E, Fabrizio D, Nowicki M, Yun C, Phan S, Kim E. Final efficacy results from B-F1RST, a prospective phase II trial evaluating blood-based tumour mutational burden (bTMB) as a predictive biomarker for atezolizumab (atezo) in 1L non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz394.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rusch V, Chaft J, Johnson B, Wistuba I, Kris M, Lee J, Bunn P, Kwiatkowski D, Reckamp K, Finley D, Haura E, Waqar S, Doebele R, Garon E, Blasberg J, Nicholas A, Schulze K, Phan S, Gandhi M, Carbone D. MA04.09 Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab in Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Updated Results from a Multicenter Study (LCMC3). J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kim E, Velcheti V, Mekhail T, Leal T, Dowell J, Tsai M, Dakhil C, Stella P, Shen V, Hu S, Paul S, Shames D, Schleifman E, Fabrizio D, Yun C, Phan S, Socinski M. Primary efficacy results from B-F1RST, a prospective phase II trial evaluating blood-based tumour mutational burden (bTMB) as a predictive biomarker for atezolizumab (atezo) in 1L non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy424.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lin S, Lin X, Clay D, Yao L, Mok I, Gomez D, Kurie J, Simon G, Blumenschein G, Young J, Phan S, Sandler A, Papadimitrakopoulou V, Heymach J, Tsao A. OA01.06 DETERRED: Phase II Trial Combining Atezolizumab Concurrently with Chemoradiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Mok T, Gadgeel S, Kim E, Velcheti V, Hu S, Riehl T, Schleifman E, Paul S, Mocci S, Shames D, Phan S, Yun C, Mathisen M, Kowanetz M, Sweere U, Socinski M. Blood first line ready screening trial (B-F1RST) and blood first assay screening trial (BFAST) enable clinical development of novel blood-based biomarker assays for tumor mutational burden (TMB) and somatic mutations in 1L advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx380.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Froning KJ, Leaver-Fay A, Wu X, Phan S, Gao L, Huang F, Pustilnik A, Bacica M, Houlihan K, Chai Q, Fitchett JR, Hendle J, Kuhlman B, Demarest SJ. Computational design of a specific heavy chain/κ light chain interface for expressing fully IgG bispecific antibodies. Protein Sci 2017; 26:2021-2038. [PMID: 28726352 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The use of bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) to treat human diseases is on the rise. Increasingly complex and powerful therapeutic mechanisms made possible by BsAbs are spurring innovation of novel BsAb formats and methods for their production. The long-lived in vivo pharmacokinetics, optimal biophysical properties and potential effector functions of natural IgG monoclonal (and monospecific) antibodies has resulted in a push to generate fully IgG BsAb formats with the same quaternary structure as monoclonal IgGs. The production of fully IgG BsAbs is challenging because of the highly heterogeneous pairing of heavy chains (HCs) and light chains (LCs) when produced in mammalian cells with two IgG HCs and two LCs. A solution to the HC heterodimerization aspect of IgG BsAb production was first discovered two decades ago; however, addressing the LC mispairing issue has remained intractable until recently. Here, we use computational and rational engineering to develop novel designs to the HC/LC pairing issue, and particularly for κ LCs. Crystal structures of these designs highlight the interactions that provide HC/LC specificity. We produce and characterize multiple fully IgG BsAbs using these novel designs. We demonstrate the importance of specificity engineering in both the variable and constant domains to achieve robust HC/LC specificity within all the BsAbs. These solutions facilitate the production of fully IgG BsAbs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Froning
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - A Leaver-Fay
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - X Wu
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - S Phan
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - L Gao
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - F Huang
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - A Pustilnik
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - M Bacica
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - K Houlihan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Q Chai
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - J R Fitchett
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - J Hendle
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - B Kuhlman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - S J Demarest
- Eli Lilly Biotechnology Center, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California, 92121
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Phan S, John A. Definitive surgical management of an enormous assumed thyroglossal duct cyst: a case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Huo Y, Phan K, Zhao D, Rao P, Phan S, Mortimer A. Endovascular therapy including thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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17
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Huo Y, Phan K, Jia F, Phan S, Mortimer A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of stent-assisted coiling versus coiling-only in treatment of intracranial aneurysm. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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18
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Fauteux F, Hill JJ, Jaramillo ML, Pan Y, Phan S, Famili F, O'Connor-McCourt M. Computational selection of antibody-drug conjugate targets for breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2555-71. [PMID: 26700623 PMCID: PMC4823055 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The selection of therapeutic targets is a critical aspect of antibody-drug conjugate research and development. In this study, we applied computational methods to select candidate targets overexpressed in three major breast cancer subtypes as compared with a range of vital organs and tissues. Microarray data corresponding to over 8,000 tissue samples were collected from the public domain. Breast cancer samples were classified into molecular subtypes using an iterative ensemble approach combining six classification algorithms and three feature selection techniques, including a novel kernel density-based method. This feature selection method was used in conjunction with differential expression and subcellular localization information to assemble a primary list of targets. A total of 50 cell membrane targets were identified, including one target for which an antibody-drug conjugate is in clinical use, and six targets for which antibody-drug conjugates are in clinical trials for the treatment of breast cancer and other solid tumors. In addition, 50 extracellular proteins were identified as potential targets for non-internalizing strategies and alternative modalities. Candidate targets linked with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition were identified by analyzing differential gene expression in epithelial and mesenchymal tumor-derived cell lines. Overall, these results show that mining human gene expression data has the power to select and prioritize breast cancer antibody-drug conjugate targets, and the potential to lead to new and more effective cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Fauteux
- Information and Communication Technologies, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer J. Hill
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria L. Jaramillo
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Youlian Pan
- Information and Communication Technologies, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sieu Phan
- Information and Communication Technologies, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fazel Famili
- Information and Communication Technologies, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Gao L, Nadora DM, Phan S, Chernova M, Sun V, Preciado SMO, Jia W, Wang G, Mihm MC, Nelson JS, Tan W. Topical axitinib suppresses angiogenesis pathways induced by pulsed dye laser. Br J Dermatol 2014; 172:669-76. [PMID: 25283693 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recurrence of port-wine stain (PWS) blood vessels by pulsed dye laser (PDL)-induced angiogenesis is a critical barrier that must be overcome to achieve a better therapeutic outcome. OBJECTIVES To determine whether PDL-induced angiogenesis can be suppressed by topical axitinib. METHODS The mRNA expression profiles of 86 angiogenic genes and phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERKs), phosphorylated protein kinase B (AKT) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) in rodent skin were examined with or without topical axitinib administration after PDL exposure. RESULTS The PDL-induced increased transcriptional levels of angiogenic genes peaked at days 3-7 post-PDL exposure. Topical application of 0·5% axitinib effectively suppressed the PDL-induced increase in mRNA levels of the examined angiogenic genes and activation of AKT, P70S6K and ERK from days 1 to 7 post-PDL exposure. After topical administration, axitinib penetrated into rodent skin to an approximate depth of 929·5 μm. CONCLUSIONS Topical application of 0·5% axitinib can systematically suppress the PDL-induced early stages of angiogenesis via inhibition of the AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin/p70S6K and Src homology 2 domain containing transforming protein-1/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/ERK pathway cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gao
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617, U.S.A; Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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Wakelee H, Zvirbule Z, De Braud F, Kingsley C, Mekhail T, Schütte W, Lena H, Lawler W, Braiteh F, Cosgriff T, Kaen D, Boyer M, Hsu J, Phan S, Novello S. Efficacy and Safety of Onartuzumab in Combination With First-Line Bevacizumab- or Pemetrexed-Based Chemotherapy Regimens in Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (nsNSCLC): Results From a Phase 2, Placebo-Controlled Study (GO27821). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.08.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Hirsch F, Govindan R, Zvirbule Z, Braiteh F, Rittmeyer A, Belda Iniesta C, Isla D, Cosgriff T, Boyer M, Ueda M, Phan S, Gandara D. Efficacy and Safety Results From a Phase 2, Placebo-Controlled Study of Onartuzumab Plus First-Line Platinum-Doublet Chemotherapy in Advanced Squamous-Cell Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (sq NSCLC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.08.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Phan S, Slattery D, Forred W, Pajar L, Cuddeback A, Smith N. 442 PAID-A Randomized Controlled Trial: Distribution of an Informational Brochure to Patients in the ED Waiting Room Does Not Improve Overall Patient Satisfaction. Ann Emerg Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.06.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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O'Shaughnessy J, Miles D, Gray RJ, Dieras V, Perez EA, Zon R, Cortes J, Zhou X, Phan S, Miller K. A meta-analysis of overall survival data from three randomized trials of bevacizumab (BV) and first-line chemotherapy as treatment for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Tchagang AB, Gawronski A, Bérubé H, Phan S, Famili F, Pan Y. GOAL: a software tool for assessing biological significance of genes groups. BMC Bioinformatics 2010; 11:229. [PMID: 20459620 PMCID: PMC2873542 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-11-229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern high throughput experimental techniques such as DNA microarrays often result in large lists of genes. Computational biology tools such as clustering are then used to group together genes based on their similarity in expression profiles. Genes in each group are probably functionally related. The functional relevance among the genes in each group is usually characterized by utilizing available biological knowledge in public databases such as Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG pathways, association between a transcription factor (TF) and its target genes, and/or gene networks. RESULTS We developed GOAL Gene Ontology AnaLyzer, a software tool specifically designed for the functional evaluation of gene groups. GOAL implements and supports efficient and statistically rigorous functional interpretations of gene groups through its integration with available GO, TF-gene association data, and association with KEGG pathways. In order to facilitate more specific functional characterization of a gene group, we implement three GO-tree search strategies rather than one as in most existing GO analysis tools. Furthermore, GOAL offers flexibility in deployment. It can be used as a standalone tool, a plug-in to other computational biology tools, or a web server application. CONCLUSION We developed a functional evaluation software tool, GOAL, to perform functional characterization of a gene group. GOAL offers three GO-tree search strategies and combines its strength in function integration, portability and visualization, and its flexibility in deployment. Furthermore, GOAL can be used to evaluate and compare gene groups as the output from computational biology tools such as clustering algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain B Tchagang
- Knowledge Discovery Group, Institute for Information Technology, National Research Council, Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6 Canada.
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Abstract
Current breast cancer predictive signatures are not unique. Can we use this fact to our advantage to improve prediction? From the machine learning perspective, it is well known that combining multiple classifiers can improve classification performance. We propose an ensemble machine learning approach which consists of choosing feature subsets and learning predictive models from them. We then combine models based on certain model fusion criteria and we also introduce a tuning parameter to control sensitivity. Our method significantly improves classification performance with a particular emphasis on sensitivity which is critical to avoid misclassifying poor prognosis patients as good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Djebbari
- Knowledge Discovery, Institute for Information Technology, National Research Council Canada, 46 Dineen Drive, Fredericton, NB E3B 9W4, Canada.
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Huang Y, Chen L, Wang L, Vijayan K, Phan S, Liu Z, Wan L, Ross A, Xiang D, Datla R, Pan Y, Zou J. Probing the endosperm gene expression landscape in Brassica napus. BMC Genomics 2009; 10:256. [PMID: 19490642 PMCID: PMC2702316 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In species with exalbuminous seeds, the endosperm is eventually consumed and its space occupied by the embryo during seed development. However, the main constituent of the early developing seed is the liquid endosperm, and a significant portion of the carbon resources for the ensuing stages of seed development arrive at the embryo through the endosperm. In contrast to the extensive study of species with persistent endosperm, little is known about the global gene expression pattern in the endosperm of exalbuminous seed species such as crucifer oilseeds. Results We took a multiparallel approach that combines ESTs, protein profiling and microarray analyses to look into the gene expression landscape in the endosperm of the oilseed crop Brassica napus. An EST collection of over 30,000 entries allowed us to detect close to 10,000 unisequences expressed in the endosperm. A protein profile analysis of more than 800 proteins corroborated several signature pathways uncovered by abundant ESTs. Using microarray analyses, we identified genes that are differentially or highly expressed across all developmental stages. These complementary analyses provided insight on several prominent metabolic pathways in the endosperm. We also discovered that a transcription factor LEAFY COTYLEDON (LEC1) was highly expressed in the endosperm and that the regulatory cascade downstream of LEC1 operates in the endosperm. Conclusion The endosperm EST collection and the microarray dataset provide a basic genomic resource for dissecting metabolic and developmental events important for oilseed improvement. Our findings on the featured metabolic processes and the LEC1 regulatory cascade offer new angles for investigation on the integration of endosperm gene expression with embryo development and storage product deposition in seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada.
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Robert NJ, Dieras V, Glaspy J, Brufsky A, Bondarenko I, Lipatov O, Perez E, Yardley D, Zhou X, Phan S. RIBBON-1: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial of chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab (B) for first-line treatment of HER2-negative locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer (MBC). J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1005 Background: B in combination with weekly paclitaxel or docetaxel (D) as 1st-line therapy for MBC has improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared with the respective taxane alone in two large Phase III trials. This study investigated the addition of B to standard 1st-line chemotherapy regimens for MBC. Methods: Patients were randomized in 2:1 ratio to receive B + chemotherapy or placebo (pl) + chemotherapy. Prior to randomization, investigators chose capecitabine (Cap) (2000 mg/m2 x 14d), taxane (T) (nab-paclitaxel [260 mg/m2] or D [75 or 100 mg/m2], q3wk), or anthracycline (Ant)-based chemotherapy (q3wk). B or pl was administered at 15 mg/kg q3wk. Key eligibility criteria included MBC or locally-recurrent disease, no prior cytotoxic treatment, ECOG PS 0 or 1, HER2-negative disease and no CNS metastases. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed PFS. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), independent review of PFS, and safety. At progression, all patients were eligible for B with 2nd line chemotherapy. The Cap cohort and the pooled T or Ant (T + Ant) cohort were independently powered and analyzed in parallel using two-sided stratified log-rank test (Cap: 80% power to detect HR=0.75; T + Ant: 90% power to detect HR=0.7). Results: RIBBON-1 enrolled 1237 patients (Cap, 615; T, 307; Ant, 315) from 12/05 to 8/07 in 22 countries with a median follow-up of 15.6 months in the Cap cohort and 19.2 months in the T + Ant cohort. The results are summarized below. OS data are limited with only 33% of events. Safety was consistent with results of prior B trials. Conclusions: The addition of B to Cap, T; or Ant-based chemotherapy regimens used in 1st-line treatment of MBC resulted in statistically-significant improvement in PFS with a safety profile comparable to prior Phase III studies. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- N. J. Robert
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - V. Dieras
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - J. Glaspy
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - A. Brufsky
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - I. Bondarenko
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - O. Lipatov
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - E. Perez
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - D. Yardley
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - X. Zhou
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - S. Phan
- Fairfax-Northern Virginia Hematology-Oncology, Fairfax, VA; Institut Curie, Paris, France; UCLA TORI, Los Angeles, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; State Medical Academy, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, Bashkirian Republican Clinical Oncology, Ufa, Russian Federation; Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
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Shapiro WR, Mehta MP, Langer C, Bezjak A, Timmerman R, Brachman D, Suh J, Smith JA, Phan S, Renschler MF. Motexafin gadolinium (MGd) combined with whole brain radiation therapy prolongs time to neurologic progression in non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases: Pooled analysis of two randomized phase III trials. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2010 Background: In 2 randomized trials, whole brain radiation therapy (RT) plus MGd prolonged time to neurologic progression (TNP) in NSCLC patients (pts) with brain metastases (BM). In this report, results of a pooled analysis from both trials are presented. Methods: In trial 9801, 401 pts with BM from solid tumors were randomized to RT (30 Gy) or RT+MGd, 5 mg/kg qd x 10 days. The subgroup of 251 pts with NSCLC is included in this analysis. In trial 0211, 554 pts with BM from NSCLC were randomized to the same treatments. In both trials, eligibility included a KPS = 70, no liver metastases, and = 1 site of extracranial metastasis. In both trials, a primary endpoint was time to neurologic progression determined by a blinded events review committee (ERC), incorporating data from neurologic exams, neurologic symptom collection, and neurocognitive tests. Results: 805 pts received RT (N=403) or RT+MGd (N=402). Most pts had multiple BM (80%), extracranial metastases (47%) and presented with neurologic deficits (84%). Treatment with MGd was well tolerated, with 93.3% of intended doses administered. Most common MGd-related grade 3+ adverse events were hypertension (4.6%), and fatigue (2.8%). TNP in the RT+MGd group was 15.4 mo, significantly longer than the 9.0 mo for the RT alone group, p=0.016, HR=0.74 (95% CI 0.57–0.95). The results of both studies are consistent, as shown in the table below. Similar results were observed in time to investigator-determined neurologic progression (p=0.015, HR=0.76) and time to neurocognitive progression (memory: HR=0.80, p=0.047, executive function: HR=0.74, p=0.028, all tests combined: HR=0.78, p=0.020). Conclusions: Motexafin gadolinium significantly prolonged time to neurologic progression and neurocognitive progression in NSCLC patients with brain metastases undergoing whole brain radiation therapy in a pooled analysis of 2 randomized phase III trials. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. R. Shapiro
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - M. P. Mehta
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - C. Langer
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - A. Bezjak
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - R. Timmerman
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - D. Brachman
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - J. Suh
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - J. A. Smith
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - S. Phan
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - M. F. Renschler
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
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Balasubramanian S, Ramos J, Sirisawad M, Buggy JJ, Miller RA, Phan S. Sensitivity of primary hematopoietic tumors and tumor lines to the novel HDAC inhibitor PCI-24781. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
14062 PCI-24781 (formerly CRA-024781) is a novel HDAC inhibitor that is in phase I clinical trials in patients with solid and hematopoietic malignancies. PCI-24781 has favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles in animal models and in humans. In the present study we show that PCI-24781 potently induces cell death in a variety of hematopoietic cell lines derived from B-cell, T-cell and myeloid malignancies, and in primary acute leukemic blasts from bone marrow aspirates. In tumor cell lines, growth inhibition and apoptosis were noted at drug concentrations ≡ 0.125 μM and were accompanied by known biochemical markers of HDAC inhibition including histone and tubulin hyperacetylation. To demonstrate the potential clinical utility of PCI-24781 in hematologic tumors, primary leukemia samples were isolated from patients and screened for resistance to PCI-24781-induced growth arrest in vitro. Of these 25 primary samples (10 acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), 6 multiple myeloma (MM) and 9 acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)), some of which were derived from patients who had failed standard therapy, none was resistant to PCI-24781 at 0.5 μM and only 4 (1 AML, 2 MM, and 1 ALL) were considered resistant at 50 nM. Gene expression analysis using DNA microarrays on these primary tumor samples revealed alterations of gene expression consistent with HDAC inhibition and defined potential pathways of activity for this compound in these tumors. These results demonstrate that hematopoietic tumors and tumor-derived cell lines are highly sensitive in vitro to the novel HDAC inhibitor PCI-24781. The high sensitivity of primary tumor cells to treatment with PCI-24781 in vitro coupled with the favorable pharmacokinetics of this compound in humans suggests that patients with hematopoietic malignancies would be responsive to treatment with PCI-24781 in clinical trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Ramos
- Pharmacyclics, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA
| | | | | | | | - S. Phan
- Pharmacyclics, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA
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Mehta MP, Gervais R, Chabot P, Shapiro WR, Patchell RA, Glantz MJ, Recht L, Phan S, Smith JA, Renschler MF. Motexafin gadolinium (MGd) combined with prompt whole brain radiation therapy (RT) prolongs time to neurologic progression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases: Results of a phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.7014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7014 Background: In a previous randomized study, RT plus MGd prolonged time to neurologic progression (TNP) in NSCLC patients (pts) with brain metastases (BM) (p=0.048). Methods: This Phase 3 trial randomized pts with BM from NSCLC and KPS ≥70 to RT (30 Gy) or RT+MGd, 5 mg/kg qd x 10. A sample size of 550 was based on α=0.001, β=0.8, hazard ratio (HR)=0.65, with a primary endpoint of TNP determined by a blinded events review committee. Results: 554 pts received RT (N=275) or RT+MGd (N=279), 348 in North America (NA), 206 in Europe and Australia (EA). Treatment arms were balanced for factors of known prognostic importance. Most pts had multiple BM (81%), extracranial metastases (51%) and presented with neurologic deficits (84%). Treatment with MGd was well tolerated, with >92% of intended doses administered. Most common MGd-related grade 3+ adverse events were hypertension (4%), ALT increase (3%), and fatigue (3%). TNP improved from 10 months (mo) for RT to 15.4 mo for RT+MGd, p=0.12, HR=0.78. Time to neurocognitive progression was also improved, p=0.089, HR=0.79. More RT pts required salvage brain surgery or radiosurgery than RT+MGd pts (41 RT, 19 RT+MGd). In NA pts, statistically significant prolongation of both TNP, from 8.8 mo for RT to 24.2 mo for RT+MGd, p=0.004, HR=0.53, and time to neurocognitive progression, p=0.04, HR=0.69, were observed. In NA, RT was started sooner after the diagnosis of BM than in EA (median/mean 1.6/2.2 weeks NA vs. 3.0/6.5 weeks EA). There was a significant interaction between earlier RT and MGd benefit, p=0.017. When RT was initiated within 3 weeks of BM diagnosis, regardless of region, TNP was significantly prolonged by addition of MGd (N=378, p=0.006, HR=0.59). When initiation of RT was delayed beyond 3 weeks after BM diagnosis (N=176, 21% of NA pts, 50% of EA pts), MGd benefit was lost. A major reason for RT delay was use of chemotherapy as initial treatment for BM in 41 pts, 17% NA, 83% EA. Conclusions: MGd significantly prolonged TNP in NSCLC patients with BM receiving prompt RT in this randomized Phase 3 trial. The majority of patients in NA received prompt RT (79%), leading to a statistically and clinically significant benefit when combined with MGd. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- M. P. Mehta
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - R. Gervais
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - P. Chabot
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - W. R. Shapiro
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - R. A. Patchell
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - M. J. Glantz
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - L. Recht
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - S. Phan
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - J. A. Smith
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - M. F. Renschler
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, PQ, Canada; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Massachusetts, Hinsdale, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
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Pandya KJ, Phan S. A phase I trial combining motexafin gadolinium (MGd) with docetaxel in the treatment of advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
13115 Background: MGd is a novel therapeutic agent that concentrates in tumors and generates reactive oxygen species. Pre-clinical models show that MGd enhances in tumors the cytotoxic activity of selected chemotherapies, including taxanes. This phase I trial studied the combination of MGd and docetaxel. Methods: Patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors, adequate bone marrow, hepatic and renal function were eligible. Cohorts of 3 pts were treated with MGd starting at 2.5 mg/kg followed 30 minutes later by docetaxel 75 mg/m2. Treatments were repeated q3wks. The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of MGd in combination with docetaxel on this schedule and to determine the dose limiting toxicities (DLT). The secondary objective was to evaluate the response rate. MGd dose was escalated in successive cohorts while docetaxel dose remained fixed. Results: Sixteen pts were entered (9 males, 7 females) at MGd dose of 2.5 to 10 mg/kg. The median age was 60.5 yrs (range 35 -75). ECOG PS0 (4), 1 (14). Diagnoses included prostate (1); ovarian (2); breast (2) and non-small cell lung (NSCLC) (11). Median number of prior chemotherapy regimens: 2 (range 1–14), 7 pts had previously received a taxane: paclitaxel 5, docetaxel 2. Reported toxicities (all grades) include urine discoloration from excretion of MGd (68%), fatigue (87%), diarrhea (81%) and nausea (56%), Grade 3 neutropenia (37.5%) febrile neutropenia (6%), neuropathy (foot drop) was seen in 1 patient, therefore additional pts were entered (4 registered, but 1 never treated) at 10 mg/kg dose. Recurrence of prior radiation esophagitis was seen in 1 pt therefore it was felt that DLT was reached and study was closed. Responses are as follows: PR by CT in 1 breast and 4 NSCLC, and by PSA in 1 prostate; SD by CT in 1 breast and 2 NSCLC. Conclusion: MGd 10 mg/kg in combination with docetaxel 75 mg/m2 is feasible and did not increase docetaxel toxicity while showing promising responses. Phase II study of this combination is underway in NSCLC. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- K. J. Pandya
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY; Pharmacyclics, Inc, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - S. Phan
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY; Pharmacyclics, Inc, Sunnyvale, CA
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Misellati A, Phan S, Amato RJ. Phase II trial of motexafin gadolinium (MGd) for treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC). J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.14518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
14518 Background: MGd inhibits thioredoxin reductase. Thioredoxin is implicated in activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha, which is overexpressed in >85% of renal cell carcinomas (RCC). We evaluated anti-tumor and safety activity of MGd in patients (pts) with progressive MRCC. Methods: Eligibility included: measurable MRCC, adequate organ/marrow function, zubrod performance status (ZPS) ≤2, life expectancy ≥12 weeks, ≤2 prior therapies and no active CNS involvement. MGd was infused intravenously over 30 minutes at 5mg/kg on days 1–5 and 15–19 of each 28-day cycle. Evaluation was performed after every 3 cycles. RECIST criteria were utilized to determine response rate. Time to progression (TTP) is determined from time of study entry. Results: 25 evaluable pts were enrolled 19 male/6 female, median age 63 years (range 38–76). All pts had histologic confirmed RCC; 9 pts had clear cell carcinoma, 9 pts with predominant clear cell carcinoma component, 2 pts with papillary and 1 pt with collecting duct. 23 pts received prior systemic therapy, median 2 treatments. 16 pts had ZPS of 0, 8 pts had ZPS of 1, and 1 pt had ZPS of 2. All pts had progressive MRCC. Sites of disease included: lung, nodal, bone, adrenal, kidney and liver. 7 pts had 1 metastatic site, 6 pts had 2 and 12 pts had 3 or more. 20 pts have completed at least 12 weeks of therapy. 5 pts progressed within 3 months. 1 pt had a complete response of lung metastasis but progressed in the CNS. Median TTP is 12 weeks (3–69). Median overall survival is 10.1+ months (1–19+). Grade 1/2 toxicity consisted of: skin discoloration, fatigue, nausea, and headache. Grade 3/4 toxicity consisted of: blisters of the digits and hypophosphatemia. Conclusions: MGd was well tolerated and stabilization of disease was observed in pts with progressive disease. These results show promise for MGd in the previously treated MRCC population and potentially can be used in combination with other MRCC agents. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Misellati
- Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX; Pharmacyclis, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - S. Phan
- Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX; Pharmacyclis, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - R. J. Amato
- Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX; Pharmacyclis, Sunnyvale, CA
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Pandya K, Phan S. P-549 Combination motexafin gadolinium (MGd) and docetaxel is active in recurrent non-small cell lung cancer and other solid tumors: Results of a phase I trial. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)81042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Phan S, Messina P, Buffan M, Salemi ML, Pandya K. A phase I trial combining motexafin gadolinium with docetaxel in the treatment of advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Phan
- Pharmacyclics, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA; James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, Univ of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - P. Messina
- Pharmacyclics, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA; James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, Univ of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - M. Buffan
- Pharmacyclics, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA; James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, Univ of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - M. L. Salemi
- Pharmacyclics, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA; James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, Univ of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - K. Pandya
- Pharmacyclics, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA; James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, Univ of Rochester, Rochester, NY
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Ramnath N, Chatta G, Egorin M, Phan S, Creaven PJ. A phase 1 trial of motexafin gadolinium and docetaxel for advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.3171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. Ramnath
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - G. Chatta
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - M. Egorin
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - S. Phan
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
| | - P. J. Creaven
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Pharmacyclics, Sunnyvale, CA
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Kumar P, Mehta M, Rodrigus P, Suh J, Sagar S, Kunkler I, Carrie C, Smith J, Phan S, Renschler M. Motexafin gadolinium (MGd) overcomes adverse survival effect of anemia in brain metastases (BM) patients treated with whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT): analysis of a phase III randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(03)00838-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Manon R, Hui S, Chinnaiyan P, Suh J, Chang E, Timmerman R, Phan S, Das R, Mehta M. The impact of a mid-treatment MRI on defining GBM boost volumes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(02)03484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mehta M, Rodrigus P, Terhaard C, Rao A, Suh J, Roa W, Shapiro W, Glantz M, Patchell R, Weitzner M, Souhami L, Bezjak A, Leibenhaut M, Komaki R, Schultz C, Timmerman R, Illidge T, Meyers C, Curran W, Phan S, Smith J, Miller R, Renschler M. Motexafin gadolinium prolongs time to neurologic progression in lung cancer patients with brain metastases: results of a randomized phase III trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(02)03215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
A prominent side effect of Paclitaxel chemotherapy is sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy. Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) supports the survival and regrowth of axotomised sensory and motor neurons and we therefore investigated if systemically administered LIF abrogated Paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. We found that whereas animals administered Paclitaxel alone exhibited a significant decrease in the percentage of large myelinated axons, this reduction was prevented by the co-administration of LIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Kilpatrick
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Post Office, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
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Footz TK, Brinkman-Mills P, Banting GS, Maier SA, Riazi MA, Bridgland L, Hu S, Birren B, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Pan H, Nguyen T, Fang F, Fu Y, Ray L, Wu H, Shaull S, Phan S, Yao Z, Chen F, Huan A, Hu P, Wang Q, Loh P, Qi S, Roe BA, McDermid HE. Analysis of the cat eye syndrome critical region in humans and the region of conserved synteny in mice: a search for candidate genes at or near the human chromosome 22 pericentromere. Genome Res 2001; 11:1053-70. [PMID: 11381032 PMCID: PMC311098 DOI: 10.1101/gr.154901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We have sequenced a 1.1-Mb region of human chromosome 22q containing the dosage-sensitive gene(s) responsible for cat eye syndrome (CES) as well as the 450-kb homologous region on mouse chromosome 6. Fourteen putative genes were identified within or adjacent to the human CES critical region (CESCR), including three known genes (IL-17R, ATP6E, and BID) and nine novel genes, based on EST identity. Two putative genes (CECR3 and CECR9) were identified, in the absence of EST hits, by comparing segments of human and mouse genomic sequence around two solitary amplified exons, thus showing the utility of comparative genomic sequence analysis in identifying transcripts. Of the 14 genes, 10 were confirmed to be present in the mouse genomic sequence in the same order and orientation as in human. Absent from the mouse region of conserved synteny are CECR1, a promising CES candidate gene from the center of the contig, neighboring CECR4, and CECR7 and CECR8, which are located in the gene-poor proximal 400 kb of the contig. This latter proximal region, located approximately 1 Mb from the centromere, shows abundant duplicated gene fragments typical of pericentromeric DNA. The margin of this region also delineates the boundary of conserved synteny between the CESCR and mouse chromosome 6. Because the proximal CESCR appears abundant in duplicated segments and, therefore, is likely to be gene poor, we consider the putative genes identified in the distal CESCR to represent the majority of candidate genes for involvement in CES.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Footz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
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41
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Halloran MM, Carley WW, Polverini PJ, Haskell CJ, Phan S, Anderson BJ, Woods JM, Campbell PL, Volin MV, Bäcker AE, Koch AE. Ley/H: an endothelial-selective, cytokine-inducible, angiogenic mediator. J Immunol 2000; 164:4868-77. [PMID: 10779796 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.9.4868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are key participants in angiogenic processes that characterize tumor growth, wound repair, and inflammatory diseases, such as human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We and others have shown that EC molecules, such as soluble E-selectin, mediate angiogenesis. Here we describe an EC molecule, Lewisy-6/H-5-2 glycoconjugate (Ley/H), that shares some structural features with the soluble E-selectin ligand, sialyl Lewisx (sialyl Lex). One of the main previously recognized functions of Lewisy is as a blood group glycoconjugate. Here we show that Ley/H is rapidly cytokine inducible, up-regulated in RA synovial tissue, where it is cell-bound, and up-regulated in the soluble form in angiogenic RA compared with nonangiogenic osteoarthritic joint fluid. Soluble Ley/H also has a novel function, for it is a potent angiogenic mediator in both in vitro and in vivo bioassays. These results suggest a novel paradigm of soluble blood group Ags as mediators of angiogenic responses and suggest new targets for therapy of diseases, such as RA, that are characterized by persistent neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Halloran
- Department of Medicine, Section of Arthritis and Connective Tissue Diseases, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Riazi MA, Brinkman-Mills P, Nguyen T, Pan H, Phan S, Ying F, Roe BA, Tochigi J, Shimizu Y, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Buchwald M, McDermid HE. The human homolog of insect-derived growth factor, CECR1, is a candidate gene for features of cat eye syndrome. Genomics 2000; 64:277-85. [PMID: 10756095 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1999.6099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cat eye syndrome (CES) is a developmental disorder with multiple organ involvement, associated with the duplication of a 2-Mb region of 22q11.2. Using exon trapping and genomic sequence analysis, we have isolated and characterized a gene, CECR1, that maps to this critical region. The protein encoded by CECR1 is similar to previously identified novel growth factors: IDGF from Sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly) and MDGF from Aplysia californica (sea hare). The CECR1 gene is alternatively spliced and expressed in numerous tissues, with most abundant expression in human adult heart, lung, lymphoblasts, and placenta as well as fetal lung, liver, and kidney. In situ hybridization of a human embryo shows specific expression in the outflow tract and atrium of the developing heart, the VII/VIII cranial nerve ganglion, and the notochord. The location of this gene in the CES critical region and its embryonic expression suggest that the overexpression of CECR1 may be responsible for at least some features of CES, particularly the heart defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Riazi
- Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
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Carley W, Ligon G, Phan S, Dziuba J, Kelley K, Perry C, Gerritsen ME. Distinct ICAM-1 forms and expression pathways in synovial microvascular endothelial cells. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 1999; 45:79-88. [PMID: 10099842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Human synovial endothelial cell (HSE) intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is upregulated maximally by synergy of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and interferon gamma (IFN gamma). Such synergy is not as pronounced in human umbilical vein endothelium (HUVE). ICAM surface staining and ELISA detection reflected similar levels on HUVE and HSE cells, yet mRNA levels were much higher in HSE cells in response to TNF alpha/IFN gamma. To correlate protein and mRNA levels of ICAM-1, both cell types were permeabilized and stained with a monoclonal antibody against ICAM-1. HSE cells displayed a distinct vesicular cytoplasmic staining for ICAM while HUVE cells were devoid of such stained vesicles upon staining with the antibody. ICAM-1 immunostaining of HSE cytoplasmic vesicles appeared enhanced in cells treated with TNF alpha/IFN gamma and monensin, an endosomal processing inhibitor. Monensin inhibited HSE cell surface expression of ICAM-1 routinely up to 70%, while HUVE cell expression was unaffected. In addition, monensin also inhibited soluble ICAM-1 release from HSE cells while not effecting HUVE cells. Immunoprecipitation of ICAM-1 followed by gel electrophoresis indicated that HUVE and HSE cell ICAMs are expressed in cell-specific forms. These results define distinct forms and distinct secretory pathways for ICAM-1 in HSE cells and HUVE cells that indicate functional differences between these human endothelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Carley
- Bayer Research Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Phan
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Departments, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - G. H. Fredrickson
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Departments, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta s (TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, -beta 3) are important regulators of cell growth and differentiation which share approximately 70% identical amino acids. Using LS513 colorectal cells, which are growth inhibited by TGF-beta 1 (ED50 of 100 pM), but are refractory to TGF-beta 2 (ED50 of 50,000 to 100,000 pM), we have determined that amino acids 92-98 of TGF-beta specify growth inhibition. The chimeric protein TGF-beta 1/beta 2(92-98), in which amino acids 92-98 of TGF-beta 1 were exchanged for the corresponding amino acids of TGF-beta 2, was indistinguishable from TGF-beta 2 at inhibiting growth of LS513 cells. In contrast, both TGF-beta 1/beta 2(92-95) and TGF-beta 1/beta 2(94-98) inhibited the growth of LS513 cells with an ED50 of approximately 1000 pM. TGF-beta 1/beta 2(95-98), in which amino acids 95-98 of TGF-beta 1 have been replaced with the corresponding amino acids of TGF-beta 2, had full activity and was indistinguishable from TGF-beta 1. Receptor cross-linking experiments demonstrated that binding of the chimeras to the type I and type II receptors of LS513 cells was consistent with their biological activity. TGF-beta 1/beta 2(95-98), TGF-beta 1/beta 2(92-95) and TGF-beta 1/beta 2(94-98) were each similar to TGF-beta 2 in that they failed to bind to the soluble Type II receptor in a solid-phase assay. These results demonstrate that amino acids 92-98 are involved in the interaction between TGF-beta and its signaling receptors and they show that modest changes within this region can substantially alter biological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Burmester
- Marshfield Medical Research Foundation, WI 54449, USA
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Lee SK, Goyal M, de Miguel M, Thomas P, Wharram B, Dysko R, Phan S, Killen PD, Wiggins RC. Renal biopsy collagen I mRNA predicts scarring in rabbit anti-GBM disease: comparison with conventional measures. Kidney Int 1997; 52:1000-15. [PMID: 9328939 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1997.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Progressive loss of normal structure associated with scarring is the hallmark of chronic diseases of most organs. To test the hypothesis that measurement of interstitial collagen mRNA levels would be a useful index to predict future scarring, we developed an assay to quantitate alpha 1(I) procollagen mRNA factored for GAPDH mRNA using RT-PCR (the "CI:G ratio"). We first defined conditions under which the assay could be used for analysis of renal biopsy samples. The CI:G ratio was then used to determine whether mRNA measurements performed at an early stage of inflammation (day 7) in a model of anti-GBM disease in the rabbit would predict outcome at day 30 as measured by interstitial and glomerular scarring and renal cortical hydroxyproline accumulation. The predictive value of this assay was compared to functional (serum creatinine and urine protein:creatinine ratio) and histologic (glomerular and interstitial scoring) parameters also measured at day 7. We found that the CI:G ratio alone provided a sensitive and discriminating assay over a wide range of renal injury that predicted various parameters of scarring with an average coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.69. This predictive power was higher than that found for conventional measures, which tended to have good discriminatory capacity over limited ranges of renal injury. The CI:G ratio provided significant additional predictive power over and above that available from combinations of conventional functional or histologic parameters. We conclude that measurement of the CI:G ratio in biopsy samples deserves further assessment as a potentially useful quantitative predictor of outcome that could lead to improved clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
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Zhang K, Garner W, Cohen L, Rodriguez J, Phan S. Increased types I and III collagen and transforming growth factor-beta 1 mRNA and protein in hypertrophic burn scar. J Invest Dermatol 1995; 104:750-4. [PMID: 7738352 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12606979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar is the result of abnormal healing that often follows thermal injury. Hypertrophic scar is characterized by excessive dermal fibrosis and scarring. Five cases of human hypertrophic scar were compared with normal skin using in situ hybridization to localize mRNAs for procollagen types I and III and transforming growth factor-beta 1. Expression of type I procollagen and TGF-beta 1 were also examined with immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the expression of mRNA for types I and III procollagen and type I procollagen protein by fibroblasts in hypertrophic scar compared with normal skin. In all cases of hypertrophic scar, significant numbers of cells expressed TGF-beta 1 mRNA or peptide. Neither TGF-beta 1 mRNA nor protein was detected in control tissues. These results suggest a profound increase in production and expression of types I and III collagen mRNA by the fibroblasts in hypertrophic scar. This may result from increased TGF-beta 1 production, through paracrine and autocrine pathways, as have been described for this fibrogenic cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical Center, University Hospital, Ann Arbor, USA
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Shull S, Meisler N, Absher M, Phan S, Cutroneo K. Glucocorticoid-induced down regulation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 in adult rat lung fibroblasts. Lung 1995; 173:71-8. [PMID: 7715255 DOI: 10.1007/bf02981467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 mRNA and transforming growth factor beta activity are decreased with exposure of normal adult rat lung fibroblasts to dexamethasone. Dexamethasone caused a decrease in transforming growth factor-beta 1 mRNA within 2 hours, which was sustained at least over a 24-hour period. The decrease in transforming growth factor-beta 1 mRNA was dose related. Dexamethasone treatment of rat lung fibroblasts also resulted in a decrease of transforming growth factor beta activity as determined by the mink lung cell growth inhibition assay. These data indicate that glucocorticoids may regulate collagen synthesis at least in part through the mediation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 in rat lung fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shull
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405, USA
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Phan S, Kierlik E, Rosinberg ML, Yethiraj A, Dickman R. Perturbation density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulations for the structure of hard triatomic fluids in slitlike pores. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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