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Chen SY, Forero L, Davy J, Stackhouse J, Harvey D, Abdelfattah E, Maier G. Factors associated with perceived Anaplasma marginale infection and clinical anaplasmosis cases on beef operations in California. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102346. [PMID: 38643720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2024.102346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Bovine anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by Anaplasma marginale in the United States. The objective of this study was to use a survey tool to generate information for beef operations in California on anaplasmosis prevention and control management, including to what extent management activities were informed by perceived herd-level exposure to A. marginale infection or occurrence of clinical anaplasmosis cases. We mailed 2,621 questionnaires with questions on Anaplasma status, herd demographics, anaplasmosis control and prevention measures, and environmental factors to beef ranchers in California in October 2020. Survey-weighted chi-square tests were used to compare management differences according to perceived Anaplasma infection status. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to analyze whether region of California, management practices, or environmental factors were associated with reported clinical cases of anaplasmosis in the previous five years. A total of 466 questionnaires describing 749 herds were obtained and used in this study. Use of management measures, including deliberate exposure of calves to ticks, vaccination for Anaplasma, infection control through antibiotics in feed, maintaining a completely closed herd, blood testing for Anaplasma on all herd additions, and taking no anaplasmosis control and prevention measures, were significantly different between herds with or without perceived A. marginale infection based on producers' self-declared status. The overall perceived prevalence for Anaplasma infection and reported clinical cases of anaplasmosis at the herd level was 26.0 % (95 % CI: 24.3-27.7 %) and 17.1 % (95 % CI: 15.6-18.6 %) respectively, with the highest perceived infection and case numbers reported in the Central Coast region. In the GEE model, higher odds of reporting clinical cases of anaplasmosis in the previous five years were observed in cattle located in the Central Coast region, cattle within a large herd, cattle that are treated with tick/fly control, cattle in a completely closed herd, and cattle receiving Anaplasma vaccine. Anaplasma infection and bovine anaplasmosis status may be underestimated in beef herds in California based on previous study results. Changing needles between cattle after injections and conducting blood testing for Anaplasma on herd additions are important Anaplasma management measures that are infrequently implemented in beef herds in California. The results show a need for producer education to improve producers' awareness of bovine anaplasmosis and implement proper measures for disease control and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - L Forero
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Agriculture and Natural Resources, Redding, CA, 96002, United States
| | - J Davy
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Agriculture and Natural Resources, Red Bluff, CA, 96080, United States
| | - J Stackhouse
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Agriculture and Natural Resources, Eureka, CA, 95503, United States
| | - D Harvey
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - E Abdelfattah
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Department of Animal Hygiene, and Veterinary Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt
| | - G Maier
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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Li YF, Li M, Yang F, Wang HF, Xu F, Chen SY, Sun B, Chen ZH, Huang XS. [Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ANCA-associated vasculitic neuropathy]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2024; 63:386-393. [PMID: 38561284 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20231031-00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of ANCA-associated vasculitic neuropathy (VN) and analyze the predictors of treatment outcomes. Methods: Retrospective case series. In all, 652 consecutive patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis were admitted to the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 2006 and December 2022. Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 91 patients. Patients were excluded if other known causes of neuropathy were present. Sixty-one patients were eventually enrolled, including 17 with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), 11 with granulomatosis polyangiitis (GPA), and 33 with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). Their clinical data were collected and clinical characteristics, VN manifestations, electrophysiological findings (including interside amplitude ratio [IAR]), and treatment outcomes were compared among the three subsets of AAV. Then, factors influencing the treatment outcomes were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 62.1%(18/29) of EGPA, 8.3%(15/180) of GPA, and 13.1%(58/443) of MPA patients. The age at onset and examination was higher in patients with MPA than those with EGPA or GPA (P<0.01). The occurrence of VN was later in patients with GPA than those with EGPA (P<0.01), and the GPA group had fewer affected nerves than the other two groups (P<0.016). The abnormal IARs of motor nerves in lower limbs were more detected in the EGPA than the MPA group (P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis suggested that higher Birmingham vasculitis activity score-version 3 (BVAS-V3) (OR=6.85, 95%CI 1.33-35.30) was associated with better treatment outcomes of VN. However, central nervous system involvement was a risk factor for poor treatment outcomes (OR=0.13, 95%CI 0.02-0.89). Conclusions: The clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of VN were slightly different among subsets of AAV. Patients with GPA often presented with polyneuropathy and had fewer nerves affected; mononeuritis multiplex was more common in EGPA than GPA and MPA. Higher BVAS-V3 and central nervous system involvement might predict the treatment outcome of VN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Li
- Department of Neurology of the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China Geriatric Neurological Department of the Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Neurology of the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - F Yang
- Department of Neurology of the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - H F Wang
- Department of Neurology of the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - F Xu
- Department of Neurology of the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Geriatric Neurological Department of the Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - B Sun
- Geriatric Neurological Department of the Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z H Chen
- Department of Neurology of the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X S Huang
- Department of Neurology of the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Cai SJ, Zhang LL, Chen SY, Zhu TT, Xu M, Zheng YM, Zhang HL. [The diagnostic value of lung ultrasound in children with community-acquired pneumonia]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2024; 62:331-336. [PMID: 38527503 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20231201-00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods: In the cross-sectional study, a total of 422 children with CAP who were hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, from February 2021 to August 2022 and completed lung ultrasound examination within 48 hours after admission were enrolled. The clinical characteristics, lung ultrasound and chest CT were collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to the signs of pneumonia indicated by chest CT, and the signs of lung ultrasound with diagnostic value were screened according to the signs of pneumonia indicated by chest CT by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression. According to severity of the disease, the children were divided into the severe group and the mild group, and the differences of lung ultrasound signs between the two groups were compared. Kruskal-Wallis test, Fisher's exact test was selected for comparison between groups. Random forest classifier wes used to evaluate the value of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of CAP and prediction of severe pneumonia in children. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the prediction effect. Use DeLong test to compare the area under the curve. Results: Among the 422 cases of CAP, there were 258 males and 164 females, and the age of onset was 2.8 (1.3, 4.3) years. The confluent B-line, consolidation and pleural effusion detected by lung ultrasound were 309 cases (73.2%), 232 cases (55.0%) and 16 cases (3.8%), respectively, and the size of consolidation was 3.0 (0, 11.0) mm. One hundred and ten children (26.1%) with CAP completed chest CT. There were 90 cases with signs of pneumonia in chest CT and 20 cases without signs of pneumonia. Lasso was used for feature selection.Lung consolidation (OR=2.46), bilateral lung consolidation (OR=1.16) and confluent B-line (OR=1.34) were the main index. With random forest classifier, the accuracy of models using full variables and Lasso-selected variables were 0.79 (95%CI 0.70-0.86) and 0.79 (95%CI 0.70-0.86), the sensitivity were 0.81 and 0.81, and the specificity were 0.75 and 0.70, and the area under curve were 0.87 (95%CI 0.81-0.94, P<0.001) and 0.84 (95%CI 0.76-0.91, P<0.001), respectively. There were 97 cases in severe group and 325 cases in mild group. Compared with the mild group, the detection rate of consolidation, multiple consolidation, the size of consolidation and the size of consolidation was adjusted by body surface area (consolidation size/body surface area) in severe group were higher (66 cases (68.0%) vs. 166 cases (51.1%), 42 cases (43.3%) vs. 93 cases (28.6%), 8.0 (0, 17.0) vs. 1.0 (0, 9.0) mm, 12.5 (0, 24.6) vs. 2.1 (0, 17.6), χ2=8.59, 9.98, Z=14.40, 12.79, all P<0.05). Using lung ultrasound lung consolidation size and consolidation size/body surface area to predict the severe CAP, the optimal cut-off value were 6.7 mm and 10.2, the accuracy was 0.80 (95%CI 0.75-0.83) and 0.89 (95%CI 0.86-0.92), the sensitivity was 0.99 and 0.99, the specificity was 0.14 and 0.56, respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.66 (95%CI 0.60-0.72, P<0.001) and 0.76 (95%CI 0.70-0.83, P<0.001), respectively. The area under the curve of consolidation size/body surface area was higher than that of consolidation size (Z=5.50, P<0.001). Conclusions: Consolidation and confluent B-line, are important index for lung ultrasound diagnosis of CAP in children. The actual consolidation size adjusted by body surface area is superior to the size of consolidation in predicting severe CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Cai
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, ChinaCai Shujing is working at the Department of Neonatology, Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - L L Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, ChinaCai Shujing is working at the Department of Neonatology, Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, ChinaCai Shujing is working at the Department of Neonatology, Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - T T Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, ChinaCai Shujing is working at the Department of Neonatology, Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, ChinaCai Shujing is working at the Department of Neonatology, Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Y M Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, ChinaCai Shujing is working at the Department of Neonatology, Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - H L Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, ChinaCai Shujing is working at the Department of Neonatology, Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
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Beretta M, Dai Y, Olzomer EM, Vancuylenburg CS, Santiago-Rivera JA, Philp AM, Hargett SR, Li K, Shah DP, Chen SY, Alexopoulos SJ, Li C, Harris TE, Lee B, Wathier M, Cermak JM, Tucker SP, Turner N, Bayliss DA, Philp A, Byrne FL, Santos WL, Hoehn KL. Liver-Selective Imidazolopyrazine Mitochondrial Uncoupler SHD865 Reverses Adiposity and Glucose Intolerance in Mice. Diabetes 2024; 73:374-384. [PMID: 37870907 PMCID: PMC10882157 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Excess body fat is a risk factor for metabolic diseases and is a leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is a strong need to find new treatments that decrease the burden of obesity and lower the risk of obesity-related comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Pharmacologic mitochondrial uncouplers represent a potential treatment for obesity through their ability to increase nutrient oxidation. Herein, we report the in vitro and in vivo characterization of compound SHD865, the first compound to be studied in vivo in a newly discovered class of imidazolopyrazine mitochondrial uncouplers. SHD865 is a derivative of the furazanopyrazine uncoupler BAM15. SHD865 is a milder mitochondrial uncoupler than BAM15 that results in a lower maximal respiration rate. In a mouse model of diet-induced adiposity, 6-week treatment with SHD865 completely restored normal body composition and glucose tolerance to levels like those of chow-fed controls, without altering food intake. SHD865 treatment also corrected liver steatosis and plasma hyperlipidemia to normal levels comparable with chow-fed controls. SHD865 has maximal oral bioavailability in rats and slow clearance in human microsomes and hepatocytes. Collectively, these data identify the potential of imidazolopyrazine mitochondrial uncouplers as drug candidates for the treatment of obesity-related disorders. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Beretta
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yumin Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Ellen M. Olzomer
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Calum S. Vancuylenburg
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - José A. Santiago-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Ashleigh M. Philp
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stefan R. Hargett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Keyong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Divya P. Shah
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sing-Young Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephanie J. Alexopoulos
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine Li
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thurl E. Harris
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Brendan Lee
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Simon P. Tucker
- Life Biosciences, Boston, MA
- Firebrick Pharma, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Andrew Philp
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frances L. Byrne
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Webster L. Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Kyle L. Hoehn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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Chen SY, Telfser AJ, Olzomer EM, Vancuylenberg CS, Zhou M, Beretta M, Li C, Alexopoulos SJ, Turner N, Byrne FL, Santos W, Hoehn KL. Beneficial effects of simultaneously targeting calorie intake and calorie efficiency in diet-induced obese mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:173-187. [PMID: 38315575 PMCID: PMC10876416 DOI: 10.1042/cs20231016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Semaglutide is an anti-diabetes and weight loss drug that decreases food intake, slows gastric emptying, and increases insulin secretion. Patients begin treatment with low-dose semaglutide and increase dosage over time as efficacy plateaus. With increasing dosage, there is also greater incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. One reason for the plateau in semaglutide efficacy despite continued low food intake is due to compensatory actions whereby the body becomes more metabolically efficient to defend against further weight loss. Mitochondrial uncoupler drugs decrease metabolic efficiency, therefore we sought to investigate the combination therapy of semaglutide with the mitochondrial uncoupler BAM15 in diet-induced obese mice. Mice were fed high-fat western diet (WD) and stratified into six treatment groups including WD control, BAM15, low-dose semaglutide without or with BAM15, and high-dose semaglutide without or with BAM15. Combining BAM15 with either semaglutide dose decreased body fat and liver triglycerides, which was not achieved by any monotherapy, while high-dose semaglutide with BAM15 had the greatest effect on glucose homeostasis. This study demonstrates a novel approach to improve weight loss without loss of lean mass and improve glucose control by simultaneously targeting energy intake and energy efficiency. Such a combination may decrease the need for semaglutide dose escalation and hence minimize potential gastrointestinal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing-Young Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Aiden J. Telfser
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ellen M. Olzomer
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Calum S. Vancuylenberg
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mingyan Zhou
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina Beretta
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Catherine Li
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stephanie J. Alexopoulos
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Frances L. Byrne
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Webster L. Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
| | - Kyle L. Hoehn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Manandhar B, Pandzic E, Deshpande N, Chen SY, Wasinger VC, Kockx M, Glaros EN, Ong KL, Thomas SR, Wilkins MR, Whan RM, Cochran BJ, Rye KA. ApoA-I Protects Pancreatic β-Cells From Cholesterol-Induced Mitochondrial Damage and Restores Their Ability to Secrete Insulin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:e20-e38. [PMID: 38095105 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High cholesterol levels in pancreatic β-cells cause oxidative stress and decrease insulin secretion. β-cells can internalize apo (apolipoprotein) A-I, which increases insulin secretion. This study asks whether internalization of apoA-I improves β-cell insulin secretion by reducing oxidative stress. METHODS Ins-1E cells were cholesterol-loaded by incubation with cholesterol-methyl-β-cyclodextrin. Insulin secretion in the presence of 2.8 or 25 mmol/L glucose was quantified by radioimmunoassay. Internalization of fluorescently labeled apoA-I by β-cells was monitored by flow cytometry. The effects of apoA-I internalization on β-cell gene expression were evaluated by RNA sequencing. ApoA-I-binding partners on the β-cell surface were identified by mass spectrometry. Mitochondrial oxidative stress was quantified in β-cells and isolated islets with MitoSOX and confocal microscopy. RESULTS An F1-ATPase β-subunit on the β-cell surface was identified as the main apoA-I-binding partner. β-cell internalization of apoA-I was time-, concentration-, temperature-, cholesterol-, and F1-ATPase β-subunit-dependent. β-cells with internalized apoA-I (apoA-I+ cells) had higher cholesterol and cell surface F1-ATPase β-subunit levels than β-cells without internalized apoA-I (apoA-I- cells). The internalized apoA-I colocalized with mitochondria and was associated with reduced oxidative stress and increased insulin secretion. The IF1 (ATPase inhibitory factor 1) attenuated apoA-I internalization and increased oxidative stress in Ins-1E β-cells and isolated mouse islets. Differentially expressed genes in apoA-I+ and apoA-I- Ins-1E cells were related to protein synthesis, the unfolded protein response, insulin secretion, and mitochondrial function. CONCLUSIONS These results establish that β-cells are functionally heterogeneous, and apoA-I restores insulin secretion in β-cells with elevated cholesterol levels by improving mitochondrial redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Manandhar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (B.M., E.N.G., K.L.O., S.R.T., B.J.C., K.-A.R.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elvis Pandzic
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre (E.P., R.M.W.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nandan Deshpande
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences (N.D., S.-Y.C., M.R.W.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sing-Young Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences (N.D., S.-Y.C., M.R.W.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Valerie C Wasinger
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre (V.C.W.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maaike Kockx
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, Sydney, Australia (M.K.)
| | - Elias N Glaros
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (B.M., E.N.G., K.L.O., S.R.T., B.J.C., K.-A.R.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kwok Leung Ong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (B.M., E.N.G., K.L.O., S.R.T., B.J.C., K.-A.R.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shane R Thomas
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (B.M., E.N.G., K.L.O., S.R.T., B.J.C., K.-A.R.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marc R Wilkins
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences (N.D., S.-Y.C., M.R.W.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Renee M Whan
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre (E.P., R.M.W.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Blake J Cochran
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (B.M., E.N.G., K.L.O., S.R.T., B.J.C., K.-A.R.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (B.M., E.N.G., K.L.O., S.R.T., B.J.C., K.-A.R.), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
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Chen SY, Zheng MM, Wang CH, Jiang H, Li J, Zhao JL, Zhao Y, Hou RH, Zeng XF. [Analyses of the risk factors for the progression of primary antiphospholipid syndrome to systemic lupus erythematosus]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2024; 63:170-175. [PMID: 38326043 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20231008-00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: Analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) progressing to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Explore the risk factors for the progression from PAPS to SLE. Methods: The clinical data of 262 patients with PAPS enrolled in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from February 2005 to September 2021 were evaluated. Assessments included demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests (serum levels of complement, anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies), treatment, and outcomes. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate the prevalence of SLE in patients with PAPS. Univariate Cox regression analysis was employed to identify the risk factors for PAPS progressing to SLE. Results: Among 262 patients with PAPS, 249 had PAPS (PAPS group) and 13 progressed to SLE (5.0%) (PAPS-SLE group). Univariate Cox regression analysis indicated that cardiac valve disease (HR=6.360), positive anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (HR=7.203), low level of complement C3 (HR=25.715), and low level of complement C4 (HR=10.466) were risk factors for the progression of PAPS to SLE, whereas arterial thrombotic events (HR=0.109) were protective factors (P<0.05 for all). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the prevalence of SLE in patients suffering from PAPS with a disease course>10 years was 9%-15%. Hydroxychloroquine treatment had no effect on the occurrence of SLE in patients with PAPS (HR=0.753, 95%CI 0.231-2.450, P=0.638). Patients with≥2 risk factors had a significantly higher prevalence of SLE compared with those with no or one risk factor (13-year cumulative prevalence of SLE 48.7% vs. 0 vs. 6.2%, P<0.001 for both). Conclusions: PAPS may progress to SLE in some patients. Early onset, cardiac-valve disease, positive anti-dsDNA antibody, and low levels of complement are risk factors for the progression of PAPS to SLE (especially in patients with≥2 risk factors). Whether application of hydroxychloroquine can delay this transition has yet to be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M M Zheng
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Zhongshan Boai Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - C H Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J L Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - R H Hou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - X F Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
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8
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Yau B, Naghiloo S, Diaz-Vegas A, Carr AV, Van Gerwen J, Needham EJ, Jevon D, Chen SY, Hoehn KL, Brandon AE, Macia L, Cooney GJ, Shortreed MR, Smith LM, Keller MP, Thorn P, Larance M, James DE, Humphrey SJ, Kebede MA. Erratum: Proteomic pathways to metabolic disease and type 2 diabetes in the pancreatic islet. iScience 2024; 27:108707. [PMID: 38188515 PMCID: PMC10770518 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103099.].
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9
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Chen SY, Beretta M, Olzomer EM, Alexopoulos SJ, Shah DP, Byrne FL, Salamoun JM, Garcia CJ, Smith GC, Larance M, Philp A, Turner N, Santos WL, Cantley J, Hoehn KL. Head-to-head comparison of BAM15, semaglutide, rosiglitazone, NEN, and calorie restriction on metabolic physiology in female db/db mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166908. [PMID: 37793464 PMCID: PMC10908303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, and obesity commonly co-occur but clinical treatment options do not effectively target all disorders. Calorie restriction, semaglutide, rosiglitazone, and mitochondrial uncouplers have all demonstrated efficacy against one or more obesity-related metabolic disorders, but it currently remains unclear which therapeutic strategy best targets the combination of hyperglycaemia, liver fat, hypertriglyceridemia, and adiposity. Herein we performed a head-to-head comparison of 5 treatment interventions in the female db/db mouse model of severe metabolic disease. Treatments included ∼60 % calorie restriction (CR), semaglutide, rosiglitazone, BAM15, and niclosamide ethanolamine (NEN). Results showed that BAM15 and CR improved body weight and liver steatosis to levels superior to semaglutide, NEN, and rosiglitazone, while BAM15, semaglutide, and rosiglitazone improved glucose tolerance better than CR and NEN. BAM15, CR, semaglutide, and rosiglitazone all had efficacy against hypertriglyceridaemia. These data provide a comprehensive head-to-head comparison of several key treatment strategies for metabolic disease and highlight the efficacy of mitochondrial uncoupling to correct multiple facets of the metabolic disease milieu in female db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing-Young Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina Beretta
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ellen M Olzomer
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stephanie J Alexopoulos
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Divya P Shah
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Frances L Byrne
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Joseph M Salamoun
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Christopher J Garcia
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Greg C Smith
- School of Medical Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mark Larance
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Andrew Philp
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - James Cantley
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Kyle L Hoehn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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10
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Chen SY, Xu Y. [Immunoregulatory effects of allergen-specific immunotherapy in airway allergic diseases]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 58:1032-1037. [PMID: 37840172 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230402-00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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11
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Wang XQ, Chen SY, Wang JY, Lin GW. [Achieving the thorough understanding of clinical epidemiology]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2023; 62:1155-1157. [PMID: 37766432 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20221007-00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X Q Wang
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China Evidence-based Medicine Center,Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Evidence-based Medicine Center,Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Y Wang
- Evidence-based Medicine Center,Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - G W Lin
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China Evidence-based Medicine Center,Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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12
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Chen SY, Tang Y, Jing H, Fang H, Song YW, Liu YP, Jin J, Lu NN, Qi S, Chen B, Tang Y, Li YX, Wang SL. Early Cardiotoxicity in Patients Receiving Hypofractionated Radiotherapy after Breast Conserving Surgery: Analysis of a Prospective Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e169. [PMID: 37784775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To evaluate the early cardiotoxicity of hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) in patients with left-sided breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery, and to investigate the correlation between cardiotoxicity and cardiac dose. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 103 women from 2017 to 2018 who received left-sided whole-breast with or without regional nodal irradiation either using deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) or free-breathing (FB) technique were prospectively enrolled. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), electrocardiogram, and radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging were conducted before and after HFRT. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association of cancer treatment, cardiac dose, and cardiovascular risk factors with cardiotoxic effects. RESULTS The mean dose (Dmean) of the heart, left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), left ventricular (LV), and right ventricular (RV) in all patients was 403 cGy, 1685 cGy, 627 cGy, and 444 cGy, respectively. In comparison to FB, DIBH significantly reduced cardiac dose (heart Dmean 250 cGy vs. 570 cGy, LAD Dmean 1250 cGy vs. 2170 cGy, LV Dmean 420 cGy vs. 850 cGy, RV Dmean 260 cGy vs. 650 cGy; all p<0.001). With a median follow-up of 49 months (range, 2-65 months), no patients had clinical cardiac abnormalities or cardiac-related symptoms, but 42 (41%) patients had subclinical cardiac events. Among them, 41 were electrocardiogram changes, and one had LV ejection fraction decreased by 10% compared with the baseline level. Twenty-five (60%) recovered during follow-up, of which 17 (40%) experienced subclinical changes only once. The mean value of NT-proBNP did not change significantly before and after HFRT. In univariate analyses, DIBH technique significantly decreased the risk of subclinical cardiac events compared with FB (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.14-0.71; p = 0.006); however, higher mean doses of heart and LV, anthracycline-based chemotherapy, obesity, and hypertension were associated with increased risk of subclinical cardiac events (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION Early subclinical cardiac damage after HFRT in left-sided breast cancer is dose-related, and mostly manageable and reversible without medical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Y Tang
- GCP center/Clinical research center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - H Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - H Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Y W Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Y P Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - J Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - N N Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - S Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - B Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Y Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Y X Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - S L Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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13
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Chen SY, Zhao XY. [Clinicopathological characteristics and key therapeutic options for liver involvement with vasculitis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:905-909. [PMID: 37872085 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230813-00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Vasculitis, involving any levels of vessels throughout the body, has variable nonspecific clinical presentation and complicated classification, hence, the diagnose is difficult. The liver is not the major organ involved, so it is prone to overlook vasculitis-associated liver injuries. The main manifestations of vasculitis involving the liver include abnormal liver biochemistry test (mainly increase of cholestatic liver enzymes), portal hypertension, and hepatic occupying lesions. Treatment principles are primarily directed at systemic immunosuppressive therapy for vasculitis. This review summarized the classification of vasculitis, major presentations of liver involvement in vasculitis, and the principles of treatment, to improve the awareness of the rare vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Children's Hospital, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - X Y Zhao
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Center for Clinical Medicine of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
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14
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Wang PJ, Wang DH, Gao Y, Shou YR, Liu JB, Mei ZS, Cao ZX, Pan Z, Kong DF, Xu SR, Liu ZP, Chen SY, Zhao JR, Geng YX, Zhao YY, Yan XQ, Ma WJ. A versatile control program for positioning and shooting targets in laser-plasma experiments. Rev Sci Instrum 2023; 94:093303. [PMID: 37772947 DOI: 10.1063/5.0158103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a LabVIEW-based control program that significantly improves the efficiency and flexibility in positioning and shooting solid targets in laser-plasma experiments. The hardware driven by this program incorporates a target positioning subsystem and an imaging subsystem, which enables us to install up to 400 targets for one experimental campaign and precisely adjust them in six freedom degrees. The overall architecture and the working modes of the control program are demonstrated in detail. In addition, we characterized the distributions of target positions of every target holder and simultaneously saved the target images, resulting in a large dataset that can be used to train machine learning models and develop image recognition algorithms. This versatile control system has become an indispensable platform when preparing and conducting laser-plasma experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - D H Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Laser Interaction with Matter, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, China
| | - Y Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Y R Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z S Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z X Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - D F Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - S R Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z P Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - S Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J R Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Y X Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Y Y Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Q Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center, Huairou, Beijing 101400, China
- Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology, Baiyun, Guangzhou 510540, China
| | - W J Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center, Huairou, Beijing 101400, China
- Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology, Baiyun, Guangzhou 510540, China
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15
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Zhang W, Sun YM, Chen SY, You H. [Histopathological evaluation of cirrhosis reversal]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:677-680. [PMID: 37580246 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230421-00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
A normal liver can develop cirrhosis through long-term and repeated stimulation from various etiologies. Histological manifestations like the collapse of hepatic lobular structure (including microvascular structure) and the formation of pseudolobules can lead to portal hypertension and even decompensated cirrhosis. More and more evidence suggests that effective etiological treatment can not only delay but also reverse the progression of cirrhosis. The mechanism of cirrhosis reversal mainly includes the degradation of extracellular matrix, hepatocyte regeneration, and hepatic lobular remodeling. The "gold standard" for the evaluation of cirrhosis reversal at present is still a liver biopsy. Therefore, the histopathological evaluation of cirrhosis reversal is very important for determining the disease's prognosis, efficacy, and mechanism of exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y M Sun
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - H You
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
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16
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Zhang MY, Chen SY, Sun YM, You H. [Different treatment strategies in patients with HBeAg-positive and negative chronic hepatitis B]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:238-241. [PMID: 37137847 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230130-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Patients with HBeAg-positive and negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) have different immunological states and disease progression. Hence, the previously recommended antiviral therapy strategies for the two are different. In recent years, the antiviral indications have gradually eased, and the treatment goal has began to pursue clinical cure, as experts and scholars have gradually attached importance to the potential risk of disease progression in hepatitis B patients. Antiviral treatment strategies are gradually becoming uniform for patients with HBeAg-positive and negative. However, among them, HBeAg-negative patients can be combined with HBsAg quantification and other indicators to further screen the clinically cured dominant population in order to formulate the next treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Zhang
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y M Sun
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - H You
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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17
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Chen SY, Hua YH, Chen TW. [Opportunities and prospects for sports medicine in China]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:783-786. [PMID: 36864638 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220920-01978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, Chinese sports medicine has made remarkable progress, successfully establishing its status as a discipline and embracing unprecedented development opportunities. In the foreseeable future, "sports for health promotion", in addition to already fast development of "sports injury treatment" and "sports rehabilitation", will become the third vital advancing directions of sports medicine in China. The popularization and application of exercise prescription will become an effective and reliable approach to fulfill sports for health promotion. "Function first, early rehabilitation, return to sports" is the principle of treatment and discipline tenet that will lead the sports injury treatment and rehabilitation to achieve great breakthrough in many fields of sports medicine. With the opportunities and challenges, how to consistently identify and follow the right development path in line with our national circumstances requires the determination, perseverance, courage and wisdom of all Chinese sports medicine practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Sports Medicine Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Y H Hua
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Sports Medicine Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - T W Chen
- Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Sports Medicine Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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18
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Chen SY, Beretta M, Olzomer EM, Shah DP, Wong DYH, Alexopoulos SJ, Aleksovska I, Salamoun JM, Garcia CJ, Cochran BJ, Rye KA, Smith GC, Byrne FL, Morris MJ, Santos WL, Cantley J, Hoehn KL. Targeting negative energy balance with calorie restriction and mitochondrial uncoupling in db/db mice. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101684. [PMID: 36731653 PMCID: PMC9932728 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Calorie restriction is a first-line treatment for overweight individuals with metabolic impairments. However, few patients can adhere to long-term calorie restriction. An alternative approach to calorie restriction that also causes negative energy balance is mitochondrial uncoupling, which decreases the amount of energy that can be extracted from food. Herein we compare the metabolic effects of calorie restriction with the mitochondrial uncoupler BAM15 in the db/db mouse model of severe hyperglycemia, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and fatty liver. METHODS Male db/db mice were treated with ∼50% calorie restriction, BAM15 at two doses of 0.1% and 0.2% (w/w) admixed in diet, or 0.2% BAM15 with time-restricted feeding from 5 weeks of age. Mice were metabolically phenotyped over 4 weeks with assessment of key readouts including body weight, glucose tolerance, and liver steatosis. At termination, liver tissues were analysed by metabolomics and qPCR. RESULTS Calorie restriction and high-dose 0.2% BAM15 decreased body weight to a similar extent, but mice treated with BAM15 had far better improvement in glucose control. High-dose BAM15 treatment completely normalized fasting glucose and glucose tolerance to levels similar to lean db/+ control mice. Low-dose 0.1% BAM15 did not affect body mass but partially improved glucose tolerance to a similar degree as 50% calorie restriction. Both calorie restriction and high-dose BAM15 significantly improved hyperglucagonemia and liver and serum triglyceride levels. Combining high-dose BAM15 with time-restricted feeding to match the time that calorie restricted mice were fed resulted in the best metabolic phenotype most similar to lean db/+ controls. BAM15-mediated improvements in glucose control were associated with decreased glucagon levels and decreased expression of enzymes involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSIONS BAM15 and calorie restriction treatments improved most metabolic disease phenotypes in db/db mice. However, mice fed BAM15 had superior effects on glucose control compared to the calorie restricted group that consumed half as much food. Submaximal dosing with BAM15 demonstrated that its beneficial effects on glucose control are independent of weight loss. These data highlight the potential for mitochondrial uncoupler pharmacotherapies in the treatment of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing-Young Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Martina Beretta
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ellen M Olzomer
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Divya P Shah
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Derek Y H Wong
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Stephanie J Alexopoulos
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Isabella Aleksovska
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Joseph M Salamoun
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Christopher J Garcia
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Blake J Cochran
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Greg C Smith
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Frances L Byrne
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Margaret J Morris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - James Cantley
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Kyle L Hoehn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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Ji MM, Shen YG, Gong JC, Tang W, Xu XQ, Zheng Z, Chen SY, He Y, Zheng X, Zhao LD, Zhao WL, Wu W. [Efficiency and safety analysis of Plerixafor combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on autologous hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in lymphoma]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:112-117. [PMID: 36948864 PMCID: PMC10033277 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the advantages and safety of Plerixafor in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in autologous hematopoietic stem cell mobilization of lymphoma. Methods: Lymphoma patients who received autologous hematopoietic stem cell mobilization with Plerixafor in combination with G-CSF or G-CSF alone were obtained. The clinical data, the success rate of stem cell collection, hematopoietic reconstitution, and treatment-related adverse reactions between the two groups were evaluated retrospectively. Results: A total of 184 lymphoma patients were included in this analysis, including 115 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (62.5%) , 16 cases of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (8.7%) , 11 cases of follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (6.0%) , 10 cases of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (5.4%) , 6 cases of mantle cell lymphoma (3.3%) , and 6 cases of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (3.3%) , 6 cases of NK/T-cell lymphoma (3.3%) , 4 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma (2.2%) , 8 cases of other types of B-cell lymphoma (4.3%) , and 2 cases of other types of T-cell lymphoma (1.1%) ; 31 patients had received radiotherapy (16.8%) . The patients in the two groups were recruited with Plerixafor in combination with G-CSF or G-CSF alone. The baseline clinical characteristics of the two groups were basically similar. The patients in the Plerixafor in combination with the G-CSF mobilization group were older, and the number of recurrences and third-line chemotherapy was higher. 100 patients were mobilized with G-CSF alone. The success rate of the collection was 74.0% for one day and 89.0% for two days. 84 patients in the group of Plerixafor combined with G-CSF were recruited successfully with 85.7% for one day and 97.6% for two days. The success rate of mobilization in the group of Plerixafor combined with G-CSF was substantially higher than that in the group of G-CSF alone (P=0.023) . The median number of CD34(+) cells obtained in the mobilization group of Plerixafor combined with G-CSF was 3.9×10(6)/kg. The median number of CD34(+) cells obtained in the G-CSF Mobilization group alone was 3.2×10(6)/kg. The number of CD34(+) cells collected by Plerixafor combined with G-CSF was considerably higher than that in G-CSF alone (P=0.001) . The prevalent adverse reactions in the group of Plerixafor combined with G-CSF were grade 1-2 gastrointestinal reactions (31.2%) and local skin redness (2.4%) . Conclusion: The success rate of autologous hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in lymphoma patients treated with Plerixafor combined with G-CSF is significantly high. The success rate of collection and the absolute count of CD34(+) stem cells were substantially higher than those in the group treated with G-CSF alone. Even in older patients, second-line collection, recurrence, or multiple chemotherapies, the combined mobilization method also has a high success rate of mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Ji
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y G Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J C Gong
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - W Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - X Q Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Z Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y He
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - X Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L D Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - W L Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - W Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Jin YF, Li Y, Li JW, Yan ZY, Chen SY, Lou XM, Fan K, Wu F, Cao YY, Hu FY, Chen L, Xie YQ, Cheng C, Yang HY, Duan GC. [Epidemiological investigation on the local epidemic situation in Zhengzhou High-Tech Zone caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:43-47. [PMID: 36655256 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220315-00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study collected epidemic data of COVID-19 in Zhengzhou from January 1 to January 20 in 2022. The epidemiological characteristics of the local epidemic in Zhengzhou High-tech Zone caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant were analyzed through epidemiological survey and big data analysis, which could provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the Delta variant. In detail, a total of 276 close contacts and 599 secondary close contacts were found in this study. The attack rate of close contacts and secondary close contacts was 5.43% (15/276) and 0.17% (1/599), respectively. There were 10 confirmed cases associated with the chain of transmission. Among them, the attack rates in close contacts of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth generation cases were 20.00% (5/25), 17.86% (5/28), 0.72% (1/139) and 14.81% (4/27), 0 (0/57), respectively. The attack rates in close contacts after sharing rooms/beds, having meals, having neighbor contacts, sharing vehicles with the patients, having same space contacts, and having work contacts were 26.67%, 9.10%, 8.33%, 4.55%, 1.43%, and 0 respectively. Collectively, the local epidemic situation in Zhengzhou High-tech Zone has an obvious family cluster. Prevention and control work should focus on decreasing family clusters of cases and community transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Y Li
- Zhengzhou High-tech Zone Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - J W Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Z Y Yan
- Zhengzhou High-tech Zone Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - X M Lou
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - K Fan
- Zhengzhou High-tech Zone Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - F Wu
- Zhengzhou High-tech Zone Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Y Y Cao
- Zhengzhou High-tech Zone Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - F Y Hu
- Zhengzhou High-tech Zone Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Y Q Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - C Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - H Y Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - G C Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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21
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Chen SY, Li Y, Zhang XH, Yan W, Shi JC, Duan YY. [Analysis of risk factors for readmission of pneumoconiosis patients in Hunan]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:898-903. [PMID: 36646480 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210917-00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the risk factors of pneumoconiosis patients' re-admission to provide a scientific basis for improving the treatment effect of pneumoconiosis, reducing the rate of re-admission, and reducing the burden of disease. Methods: In June 2020, The clinical data of 470 patients with pneumoconiosis who had hospitalization records from February 8, 2014, to February 8, 2020, in the Hunan Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute were retrospectively analyzed. The patients' general data and emotional state at the first admission were collected through questionnaires and telephone follow-ups. The entire group of patients completed at least one follow-up, with readmission as the end event. First, the Kaplan-Meier method was used for univariate analysis. The multivariate COX regression model analysis was performed on meaningful variables to explore the risk factors that affect the patient's re-admission. Results: A total of 470 patients with pneumoconiosis were included in this study, with an average age of 55.88 years (34-81 years old) and all the participants were male. During the first admission, the number of participants diagnosed as stage III pneumoconiosis, with complications of COPD, fatty liver, or severe pulmonary diffusion dysfunction was 215 (45.74%) , 179 (38.09%) , 51 (10.85%) , and 44 (9.36%) , respectively. Six patients (1.28%) have had suicidal tendencies almost every day since they became ill. A total of 345 patients (73.40%) were re-admitted to the hospital. Multivariate Cox regression model analysis showed that compared with the suspected pneumoconiosis group, patients in the first, second, and third-stage pneumoconiosis groups had an increased risk of readmission (OR=2.43, 2.96, 2.35, P=0.000) . Compared with the age of 30-50 years old, 50-70 years old and ≥70 years old have an increased risk of readmission (OR=1.28, 2.32, P<0.05) . Patients with tricuspid regurgitation (OR=1.33, P<0.05) and elevated triglyceride level (>2.26 mmol/L) (OR=1.40, P<0.05) have increased risks of readmission. Compared with the normal group, patients with severe pulmonary diffusion dysfunction in pneumoconiosis have an increased risk of readmission (OR=1.96, P<0.05) . Compared with the normal group, pneumoconiosis patients in the suicidal group had an increased risk of re-admission to the hospital almost every day (OR=2.92, P<0.05) . Conclusion Age of onset, stage of pneumoconiosis, tricuspid regurgitation, high triglycerides, severe diffuse pulmonary dysfunction, and suicidal tendency are independent risk factors that affect the readmission of patients with pneumoconiosis. The management of chronic diseases and mental health of patients with pneumoconiosis should be strengthened to reduce the risk of readmission. Conclusion: Age of onset, stage of pneumoconiosis, tricuspid regurgitation, high triglycerides, severe diffuse pulmonary dysfunction, and suicidal tendency are independent risk factors that affect the readmission of patients with pneumoconiosis. The management of chronic diseases and the mental health of patients with pneumoconiosis should be strengthened to reduce the risk of readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Y Li
- Hunan Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Changsha 410007, China
| | - X H Zhang
- Hunan Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Changsha 410007, China
| | - W Yan
- Hunan Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Changsha 410007, China
| | - J C Shi
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Y Y Duan
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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22
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Hu YK, Chen SY, Zhou F, Xiong YH, Chen L, Qi SH. [Progress in research and development of soft tissue three-dimensional bioprinting and its supporting equipment]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2022; 38:1090-1095. [PMID: 36418268 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20210922-00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a cutting-edge technology of tissue engineering, three-dimensional bioprinting can accurately fabricate biomimetic tissue, which has made great progress in the field of hard tissue printing such as bones and teeth. Meanwhile, the research on soft tissue bioprinting is also developing rapidly. This article mainly discussed the development progress in various bioprinting technologies and supporting equipment including printing software, printing hardware, supporting consumables, and bioreactors for soft tissue three-dimensional bioprinting, and made a prospect for the future research and development direction of soft tissue three-dimensional bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Hu
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - F Zhou
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y H Xiong
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S H Qi
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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23
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He HL, Chang D, Chen SY, Zhou CY, Wang JD, Wan XH. [Research progress on the treatment of presbyopia]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 58:1000-1004. [PMID: 36348549 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20220316-00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Presbyopia is a physiological aging situation that the plasticity and elasticity of the lens and the function of the ciliary muscle become weaker, resulting in a decreased accommodation and inability to focus on near objects. Nowadays, there are many clinical strategies to correct presbyopia, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages, however, there is no true sense of way to restore accommodation function. This article reviews both worldwide and domestic research on presbyopia, and analyzes and summaries the status quo as well as research progress of presbyopia correction modalities, surgical approaches, and drug therapies, hoping to provide a reference for clinical works.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L He
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - D Chang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C Y Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - J D Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X H Wan
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Huang Y, Zheng ZW, Chen C, Li K, Chen SY, Chen YY, Jing QL, Ma Y, Luo L, Yang ZC, Zhang ZB. [Epidemiological characteristics of two local COVID-19 outbreaks caused by 2019-nCoV Omicron variant in Guangzhou, China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2022; 43:1705-1710. [PMID: 36444451 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220523-00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of two local COVID-19 outbreaks caused by 2019-nCoV Omicron variant in Guangzhou, such as incubation period, serial interval, basic reproductive number (R0) and the influence of gathering places on R0, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of Omicron variant infection. Methods: The data of daily confirmed cases of Omicron variant infection from April 8 to May 8, 2022 in two COVID-19 outbreaks in Guangzhou were collected for model fitting. Weibull, Gamma and lognormal distribution were used to estimate incubation period and serial interval. Exponential growth method and the maximum likelihood estimation were used to estimate R0. Results: The median of incubation period was 2.94 (95%CI: 2.52-3.38) days and median of serial interval was 3.32 (95%CI: 2.89-3.81) days. The estimated R0 in small-size place was 4.40 (95%CI: 3.95-4.85), while the estimated R0 at airport was 11.35 (95%CI: 11.02-11.67). Conclusion: The incubation period of Omicron variant in two local COVID-19 outbreaks in Guangzhou is significantly shorter than that of delta variant. The higher the gathering degree in a place, the larger the R0. Due to its rapid transmission, COVID-19 epidemic is prone to occur. Therefore, the COVID-19 prevention and control strategy should be dynamically adjusted in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Huang
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Z W Zheng
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - C Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - K Li
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Y Y Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Q L Jing
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Y Ma
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - L Luo
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Z C Yang
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Z B Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, China
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25
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Chen SY, Fu QL, Yao K. [Advances of nanomaterials applied in ophthalmic treatment]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 58:831-838. [PMID: 36220659 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20220130-00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been used in many aspects of ophthalmic treatment. By emphasizing the ubiquitous characteristics of nanoparticles and composites, we first explained their relatively mature applications in drug delivery. Then we reviewed the research on nanomaterials in regenerative medicine and gene therapy in recent years. We also discussed the main limitations of the wider application of nanomaterials in ophthalmology: stability, biotoxicity and preclinical-clinical differences. The development of efficient and non-toxic nanomaterials, combined with appropriate transportation systems and application occasions, will provide more possibilities for the future application of nanomaterials in ophthalmic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Q L Fu
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - K Yao
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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26
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Cui QY, Chen SY, Fu S, Peng CB, Ma W, Wang LD, Zhang CB, Li M. [A preliminary exploration into the efficacy of personalized surgical schemes in the repair of maxillary sinus perforation and maxillary sinus fistula]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 57:953-957. [PMID: 36097943 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20220615-00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To explore the efficacy and value of personalized surgical schemes in the repair of maxillary sinus perforation and maxillary sinus fistula based on the size of the maxillary sinus perforation and maxillary sinus fistula. A total of 28 patients with maxillary sinus perforation and maxillary sinus fistula who were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University from July 2017 to May 2020 were included to conduct a prospective case clinical study. After the inflammation in the maxillary sinus was controlled, a proper surgical repair method was selected according to the size of the perforation and fistula based on the double-layer closure technique. The diameter of the perforation and fistula was measured with the assistance of cone-beam CT. After that, the platelet rich fibrin (PRF) repair was performed on the perforation and fistula with 3 mm≤diameter<7 mm in size in 14 patients. The PRF repair and buccal flap repair were performed on the perforation and fistula with 7 mm ≤diameter<15 mm in size in 7 patients. The adjacent buccal pad repair, palatine flap repair, and buccal flap repair were performed on the perforation and fistula with 15 mm≤ diameter<25 mm in size in 4 patients. The nasolabial axial flap repair and nasolabial free flap repair were performed on the perforation and fistula with a diameter ≥25 mm in size in 3 patients. The medical follow-up was conducted in all patients in the 1st, 2nd, and 4th week after surgery, with an overall success rate reaching 96.4% (27/28) after the initial intervention. The relapse of disease occurred in one patient (4.6%) with diabetes and a smoking history in the 2nd week after surgery. Identifying a proper surgical repair method according to the size of the oral and maxillary sinus perforation and maxillary sinus fistula based on the double-layer closure technique can improve the one-time cure rate in these patients under the premise that the inflammation in the maxillary sinus can be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Cui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - S Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - C B Peng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - W Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - L D Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - C B Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650500, China
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Wu KY, Chen SY, Sun GA, Peng SM, Peng M, Yan H. Experimental Limits on Exotic Spin and Velocity Dependent Interactions Using Rotationally Modulated Source Masses and an Atomic-Magnetometer Array. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:051802. [PMID: 35960570 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.051802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Various theories beyond the standard model predict new interactions mediated by new light particles with very weak couplings to ordinary matter. Interactions between polarized electrons and unpolarized nucleons proportional to g_{V}^{N}g_{A}^{e}σ[over →]·v[over →] and g_{A}^{N}g_{A}^{e}σ[over →]·v[over →]×r[over →] are two such examples, where σ[over →] is the spin of the electrons, r[over →] and v[over →] are position and relative velocity between the polarized electrons and nucleons, g_{V}^{N}/g_{A}^{N} is the vector or axial-vector coupling constant of the nucleon, and g_{A}^{e} is the axial-vector coupling constant of the electron. Such interactions involving a vector or axial-vector coupling g_{V}^{N}/g_{A}^{N} at one vertex and an axial-vector coupling g_{A}^{e} at the polarized electron vertex can be induced by the exchange of spin-1 bosons. We report new experimental upper limits on such exotic spin-velocity-dependent interactions of the electron with nucleons from dedicated experiments based on a recently proposed scheme. We rotationally modulated two ∼6 Kg source masses at a frequency of 20 Hz. We used four identical atomic magnetometers in an array form to increase the statistics and cancel the common-mode noise. We applied a data processing method based on high precision numerical integration for the four harmonic frequencies of the signal. We reverse the rotation direction of the source masses to flip the signal due to the new interactions; thus, we can apply the [+1,-3,+3,-1] weighting method to remove possible slow drifting. Our constraint on the product of vector and axial-vector couplings is |g_{V}^{N}g_{A}^{e}|<2.1×10^{-34} and on the product of axial-vector and axial-vector couplings is |g_{A}^{N}g_{A}^{e}|<2.4×10^{-22} for an interaction range of 10 m. The new constraints on vector-axial-vector interaction improved by as much as more than 4 orders of magnitude and on axial-axial interaction by as much as 2 orders of magnitude in the corresponding interaction range, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Wu
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, CAEP, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, CAEP, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - G A Sun
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, CAEP, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - S M Peng
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, CAEP, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - M Peng
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, CAEP, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - H Yan
- Key Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, CAEP, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, CAEP, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
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Li JL, Su YJ, Dong BQ, Wu QJ, Yang QL, Chen QY, Chen SY, Tan C, Ju Y, Li H. [Association of DNA methylation of IFNG gene with no/low response to hepatitis B vaccine in children]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:926-931. [PMID: 35899344 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220125-00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association of DNA methylation with immune response to hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine in Han nationality children from Guangxi province. Methods: A total of 263 children aged 8-9 months who had completed HepB immunization program were recruited from three hospitals in Guangxi province by using unmatched case-control method. Children with the HepB surface antibody concentration(Anti-HBs)<100 mIU/ml was set as the case group and ≥100 mIU/ml as the control group. Multiplex PCR and heavy sulfite sequencing were used to treat the samples. Illumina platform was used for high-throughput DNA methylation sequencing of IFNG gene target regions and CpG sites. Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the association between cytosine-phospho-guanosine DNA methylation at 18 loci of IFNG gene and HepB immune response level. Results: There were 104 children in the case group and 159 in the control group. The median (Q1, Q3) level of anti-HBs in two groups were 62.34 (30.06, 98.88) mIU/ml and 1 089.10 (710.35, 1 233.45) mIU/ml. The methylation levels of IFNG_1 gene 44 and 93 locus in the case group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The unconditional logistic regression model showed that the DNA methylation level of IFNG_1 gene at 44 (OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.03-1.35) and 93 (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.07-1.38) locus was associated with the HepB response level. Conclusion: The changes of DNA methylation at locus 44 and 93 of IFNG_1 gene may be relevant factors affecting the response level of HepB in Han nationality children from Guangxi province.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Li
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Y J Su
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - B Q Dong
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Q J Wu
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Q L Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Q Y Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - C Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Y Ju
- Department of Emergent Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - H Li
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
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Chen SY, Sun YM, Zhou JL, Wu XN, Meng TT, Wang BQ, Liu H, Wang TL, Shao C, Zhao XY, Xu XQ, Kong YY, Ou XJ, Jia JD, You H. [Histological regression and clinical benefits in patients with liver cirrhosis after long-term anti-HBV treatment]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2022; 30:583-590. [PMID: 36038318 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220508-00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Our study aims to determine histological regression and clinical improvement after long-term antiviral therapy in hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis patients. Methods: Treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients with histologically or clinically diagnosed liver cirrhosis were enrolled. Liver biopsies were performed after 5 years entecavir-based antiviral treatment. Patients were followed up every 6 months. Cirrhosis regression was evaluated based on Metavir system and P-I-R score. Clinical improvement was evaluated before and after the long-term treatment. Kruskal Wallis test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used for continuous variables, Fisher's exact test was used for categorical variables and multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis. Results: Totals of 73 patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis were enrolled. Among them, 30 (41.1%) patients were biopsy proved liver cirrhosis and the remaining 43 (58.9%) cirrhotic patients were diagnosed by clinical features. Based on Metavir system and P-I-R score, 72.6% (53/73) patients attained histological regression. Furthermore, 30.1% (22/73) were defined as significant regression (Metavir decrease ≥2 stage), 42.5% (31/73) were mild regression (Metavir decrease 1 stage or predominantly regressive by P-I-R system if still cirrhosis after treatment) and 27.4% (20/73) were the non-regression. Compared to levels of clinical characteristics at baseline, HBV DNA, ALT, AST, liver stiffness(decreased from 12.7 to 6.4 kPa in significant regression, from 18.1 to 7.3 kPa in mild regression and from 21.4 to 11.2 kPa in non-regression)and Ishak-HAI score significantly decreased after 5 years of anti-HBV treatment, while serum levels of platelets and albumin improved remarkably (P<0.05). In multivariate analysis, only the pre-treatment liver stiffness level was associated with significant regression (OR=0.887, 95%CI: 0.802-0.981, P=0.020). Conclusions: After long-term antiviral therapy, patients with HBV-related cirrhosis are easily to attain improvements in clinical parameters, while a certain percentage of these patients still cannot achieve histological reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y M Sun
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - J L Zhou
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - X N Wu
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - T T Meng
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - B Q Wang
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - H Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - T L Wang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C Shao
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - X Y Zhao
- Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China
| | - X Q Xu
- Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y Y Kong
- Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China
| | - X J Ou
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - J D Jia
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - H You
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
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Wang BQ, Wu XN, Zhou JL, Sun YM, Meng TT, Chen SY, Guan QS, He ZY, Wu SS, Kong YY, Ou XJ, Jia JD, You H. [Analysis of change in esophageal varices and clinical characteristics in hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis after antiviral therapy]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2022; 30:591-597. [PMID: 36038319 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220501-00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To clarify the effect and related factors of antiviral therapy on the change of esophageal varices in patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis. Methods: Fifty-two cases with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis who underwent endoscopy before and after antiviral therapy were selected from prospective cohorts. Patients were divided into three groups: no, mild, and moderate-severe based on the degree of esophageal varices. The changes in the severity of esophageal varices in each group were compared after antiviral therapy. Clinical characteristics (platelet, liver and kidney function, liver stiffness, and virological response) of patients with different regressions were analyzed. Measurement data were analyzed by independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Chi-Square test was used for count data. Results: All patients received entecavir-based antiviral therapy. The median treatment time was 3.1 (2.5-4.4) years. The proportion of patients without esophageal varices increased from 30.8% to 51.9%, the proportion of mild esophageal varices decreased from 40.4% to 30.8%, and the proportion of patients with moderate-to-severe esophageal varices decreased from 28.8% to 17.3% (χ2=14.067, P=0.001). A total of 40.4% of patients had esophageal varices regression, and 13.5% had esophageal varices progression. The progression rate was significantly higher in patients with moderate-severe esophageal varices than patients with mild and no esophageal varices (χ2=28.126, P<0.001), and 60.0% of patients with moderate-severe esophageal varices still remained in moderate-severe state after antiviral treatment. Baseline platelet count and 5-year mean change rates were significantly lower in patients with progressive moderate-to-severe esophageal varices than in those without progression (+3.3% vs. +34.1%, Z=7.00, P=0.027). Conclusion: After effective antiviral treatment, 40.4% of patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis combined with esophageal varices has obtained esophageal varices regression, but those with moderate to severe esophageal varices still have a considerable risk of progression while receiving mono antiviral treatment only. Thrombocytopenia and without significant improving are the clinical signs of progression risk after receiving antiviral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Q Wang
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - X N Wu
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - J L Zhou
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y M Sun
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - T T Meng
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Q S Guan
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Z Y He
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - S S Wu
- Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y Y Kong
- Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China
| | - X J Ou
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - J D Jia
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - H You
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
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Zhang JY, Sun YM, Chen SY, You H. [Reversal of hepatic fibrosis: more evidence and more challenges]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2022; 30:569-571. [PMID: 36038315 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220510-00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a response to various types of hepatic injury, which can lead to cirrhosis and its complications. In recent years, in patients with viral hepatitis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, autoimmune liver disease and others the fibrosis or even early cirrhosis can be regressed if the etiology are controlled. Liver biopsy is still the gold standard for assessing fibrosis reversal, but non-invasive methods such as transient elastography hold great promise due to the ease to use for dynamic monitoring. Mechanisms of hepatic fibrosis reversal include extracellular matrix degradation, hepatocyte regeneration, and vascular remodeling. Presently, novel agents targeting the steps of fibrosis are urgently need for achieving regression of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Zhang
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y M Sun
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - H You
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
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Tai CC, Huang CC, Chou BH, Chen CY, Chen SY, Huang YH, Sun JS, Chao YH. Profiled polyethylene terephthalate filaments that incorporate collagen and calcium phosphate enhance ligamentisation and bone formation. Eur Cell Mater 2022; 43:252-266. [PMID: 35652679 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v043a17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) artificial ligaments offer an unlimited source of ligaments without donor-site-related morbidity and with good mechanical properties for a rapid return to sporting activities. Developing PET artificial ligaments with excellent ligamentisation and ligament-bone healing is still a considerable challenge. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the profiled PET/collagen/calcium phosphate (PET/C/CaP) ligament upon cell growth, ligamentisation and ligament-bone healing in vitro and in vivo. Profiled PET/C/CaP filaments were made by melt-spinning process with 2 % CaP hybrid spinning and collagen coating. Rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on the profiled PET/C filaments for cytotoxicity, viability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ligament-related gene expression analysis. MSCs' osteogenic capacity on the profiled PET/CaP filaments was identified by detecting osteogenic gene expression and alizarin red S staining. For in vivo verification, an animal study was performed to evaluate the effect of the profiled PET/C/CaP ligament in a rabbit knee medial collateral ligament reinforcement reconstruction model. The graft ligamentisation and bone formation were investigated by SEM, histology, microcomputed tomography and mechanical tests. The profiled PET/C filaments enhanced MSC proliferation and ligament-related gene expression. Furthermore, they enhanced osteogenic gene expression, alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralisation of MSCs. The in vivo study indicated that the profiled PET/C/CaP ligament enhanced ligamentous matrix remodelling and bone formation. Therefore, their use is an effective strategy for promoting MSCs' ligamentous and osteogenic potential in vitro and enhancing ligamentous matrix remodelling and bone formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Y-H Chao
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei 10055,
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Liu ZJ, Shu C, Chen SY, Liu W, Yuan ZY, Yang LM. Development of explicit formulations of G45-based gas kinetic scheme for simulation of continuum and rarefied flows. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:045302. [PMID: 35590639 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.045302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the explicit formulations of the Grad's distribution function for the 45 moments (G45)-based gas kinetic scheme (GKS) are presented. Similar to the G13 function-based gas kinetic scheme (G13-GKS), G45-GKS simulates flows from the continuum regime to the rarefied regime by solving the macroscopic governing equations based on the conservation laws, which are widely used in conventional Navier-Stokes solver. These macroscopic governing equations are discretized by the finite volume method, where the numerical fluxes are evaluated by the local solution to the Boltzmann equation. The initial distribution function is reconstructed by the G45 distribution function, which is a higher order truncation of the Hermite expansion of distribution function compared with the G13 distribution function. Such high order truncation of Hermite expansion helps the present solver to achieve a better accuracy than G13-GKS. Moreover, the reconstruction of distribution function makes the development of explicit formulations of numerical fluxes feasible, and the evolution of the distribution function, which is the main reason why the discrete velocity method is expensive, is avoided. Several numerical experiments are performed to examine the accuracy of G45-GKS. Results show that the accuracy of the present solver for almost all flow problems is much better than G13-GKS. Moreover, some typical rarefied effects, such as the direction of heat flux without temperature gradients and thermal creep flow, can be well captured by the present solver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - C Shu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - W Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260
| | - Z Y Yuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260
| | - L M Yang
- Department of Aerodynamics, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China
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Zhao HY, Zeng XY, Liu FQ, Chen SY, Zhan SY. [Methods for controlling time-varying confounding in pharmaco-epidemiological studies: a systematic reveiw]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:2179-2187. [PMID: 34954984 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20201016-01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To systematically review the application of methods for controlling time-varying confounding in pharmaco-epidemiological studies. Methods: PubMed, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang were searched for pharmaco-epidemiological studies involving time-varying confounding on June 15th, 2020. The basic characteristics, drug exposure and outcome, time-varying confounders and the application of methods to control these confounders were analyzed. Results: A total of 298 articles were included. An increasing trend was observed in numbers of studies dealing with time-varying confounding in pharmaco-epidemiological studies in recent years. A total of 106 (35.6%) studies involved the safety or effectiveness of medication use in HIV/AIDS patients and 92 of them involved antiretroviral drugs. The most common outcome was mortality, while the most commonly concerned time-dependent confounders were laboratory examination results (179, 60.1%), comorbidities (136, 45.6%), and co-used medications (108, 36.2%). Marginal structure model (MSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were the most commonly used methods to control time-varying confounding factors (244, 81.9%). Compared with the results after properly controlling time-varying confounding, traditional methods adjusting only baseline confounders resulted in substantial bias (median 18.2%, interquartile range, 7.4%-40.8%). As for basic assumptions needed for causal methods controlling time-varying confounding, 28.9% and 64.8% of the included studies examined or discussed the assumptions of positivity and no unmeasured confounders, respectively. Conclusions: At present, most of the fields of drug therapy for chronic diseases still pay insufficient attention to time-varying confoundings. Information collected in routine medical practice, such as laboratory tests, comorbidities, and co-used drugs, was the most commonly concerned time-varying confounder. MSM and IPTW were the most commonly applied methods for dealing with time-varying confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics/China Center for Health Development Studies, School of Public Health Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - X Y Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics/China Center for Health Development Studies, School of Public Health Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - F Q Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics/China Center for Health Development Studies, School of Public Health Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics/China Center for Health Development Studies, School of Public Health Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S Y Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics/China Center for Health Development Studies, School of Public Health Peking University, Beijing 100191, China Center for Intelligent Public Health, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;Coressponding author: Zhan Siyan,
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Jiang H, Wang CH, Chen SY, Zhao JL, Zhao Y, Zeng XF. [Progress of targeted therapy in macrophage activation syndrome secondary to autoimmune diseases]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2021; 60:1184-1188. [PMID: 34856694 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210112-00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C H Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J L Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X F Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
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36
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Luo XJ, Cao K, Liu J, Duan QY, Chen SY, Zhang Y, Huang T, Mao XN, Li CG, Chen YS. [Gene analysis and clinical features of MYH9-related disease]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2021; 59:957-962. [PMID: 34711031 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20210507-00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To identify gene variants and investigate clinical features of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain 9-related disease (MYH9-RD). Methods: In this retrospective study, the data of patients with MYH9-RD admitted to Shenzhen Children's Hospital from July 2017 to September 2020 were extracted. The gene variants, clinical features and laboratory tests results were summarized. Results: Among the 6 children, 4 were males and 2 were females, aged 4.0 (0.5-7.6) years. Main clinical manifestations included thrombocytopenia (6 cases), epistaxis (3 cases), petechias (2 cases), traumatic hematoma (1 case), and abnormal liver enzymes (1 case). One patient had no family history, and the other 5 cases were pedigrees. Two pedigrees (2 cases) had long-term microscopic hematuria, one pedigree (2 cases) had history of early cataract, and three pedigrees (5 cases) had chronic mild elevation of liver enzymes. Four MYH9 gene variants were found in 12 patients, including c.2104C>T(p.R702C) in exon 17, c.4270G>A(p.D1424N) in exon 31, c.5521G>A (p.E1841K) in exon 39, and c.5797C>T (p.R1933X) in exon 41. According to the family pedigrees analysis, except for the case of variant in exon 17 which was spontaneous mutation with no family history, the other variants were from their father or mother. The complete blood count results showed a decreased platelet number in these patients, and the counting results of the automated hematology analyzer were significantly lower than that of manual counting method ((33.4±17.2) × 10⁹ vs. (60.4±21.0) × 109/L,t=-5.83, P<0.05). The examination of the peripheral blood smear revealed the presence of thrombocytopenia with giant platelets and granulocyte inclusion bodies. The MYH9 gene variant (R702C) located at the N-terminus head domain of non-muscle myosin heavy chain ⅡA (NMMHC-ⅡA), which has ATPase activity, led to severe reduction of platelet number (<20×109/L) and obscure granulocyte inclusion bodies. However, higher platelet numbers (40×109-80×109/L) and obvious granulocyte inclusion bodies were observed in patients with tail-position mutations at C-terminus. Conclusions: The clinical phenotypes of MYH9-RD were variable. The mutations in certain regions of MYH9 gene were related to platelet count and granulocyte inclusion bodies. MYH9-RD should be considered in individuals with unknown etiology and persistent thrombocytopenia which is non-responsive to conventional treatment, regardless of family history. Complete blood count and blood smear morphology examinations are the first steps to screen and diagnose the disease. The laboratory should pay attention to the morphological review rules and standardized reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - K Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Q Y Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - T Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - X N Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - C G Li
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Y S Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
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37
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Yau B, Naghiloo S, Diaz-Vegas A, Carr AV, Van Gerwen J, Needham EJ, Jevon D, Chen SY, Hoehn KL, Brandon AE, Macia L, Cooney GJ, Shortreed MR, Smith LM, Keller MP, Thorn P, Larance M, James DE, Humphrey SJ, Kebede MA. Proteomic pathways to metabolic disease and type 2 diabetes in the pancreatic islet. iScience 2021; 24:103099. [PMID: 34622154 PMCID: PMC8479695 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islets are essential for maintaining physiological blood glucose levels, and declining islet function is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. We employ mass spectrometry-based proteomics to systematically analyze islets from 9 genetic or diet-induced mouse models representing a broad cross-section of metabolic health. Quantifying the islet proteome to a depth of >11,500 proteins, this study represents the most detailed analysis of mouse islet proteins to date. Our data highlight that the majority of islet proteins are expressed in all strains and diets, but more than half of the proteins vary in expression levels, principally due to genetics. Associating these varied protein expression levels on an individual animal basis with individual phenotypic measures reveals islet mitochondrial function as a major positive indicator of metabolic health regardless of strain. This compendium of strain-specific and dietary changes to mouse islet proteomes represents a comprehensive resource for basic and translational islet cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Yau
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Sheyda Naghiloo
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Alexis Diaz-Vegas
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Austin V. Carr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Julian Van Gerwen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elise J. Needham
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dillon Jevon
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Sing-Young Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kyle L. Hoehn
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Amanda E. Brandon
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Laurance Macia
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Gregory J. Cooney
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | | | - Lloyd M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark P. Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peter Thorn
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Mark Larance
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David E. James
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean J. Humphrey
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melkam A. Kebede
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
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38
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Manandhar B, Pandzic E, Deshpande N, Chen SY, Wasinger VC, Kockx M, Glaros E, Ong KL, Thomas S, Wilkins M, Whan R, Cochran BJ, Rye KA. Abstract 122: The Anti-Oxidant Function Of Apolipoprotein A-I Rescues Pancreatic β-Cells From Cholesterol-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.41.suppl_1.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, the main apolipoprotein constituent of high-density lipoproteins, increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and is internalised by β-cells. Cholesterol accumulation in β-cells causes oxidative stress, reduces islet mass and decreases GSIS. ApoA-I increases GSIS in β-cells with high cholesterol levels, but it is not known if this is dependent on apoA-I internalisation.
Hypothesis:
Internalised apoA-I increases GSIS in β-cells with high cholesterol levels by lowering oxidative stress.
Methods:
Cholesterol-loaded Ins-1E insulinoma cells were incubated with unlabelled and/or Alexa Fluor488-labelled apoA-I. Alexa488-labelled apoA-I internalisation was quantified by flow cytometry and its intracellular location was determined by confocal microscopy and western blotting. ApoA-I binding partners on the Ins-1E surface were identified by mass spectroscopy. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria was measured using MitoSOX.
Results:
ApoA-I was internalised by 43.4±3.6% of the Ins-1E cells (apoA-I
+
cells) in a dose-, time-, temperature- and cholesterol-dependent manner. ApoA-I internalisation was comparable under basal (2.8 mM) and high (25 mM) glucose conditions and mediated by an F
1
-ATPase β-subunit on the Ins-1E cell surface. Cell surface F
1
-ATPase β-subunit and cholesterol levels in apoA-I
+
Ins-1E cells were 1.7±0.3- and 1.3±0.1-fold higher, respectively, than in Ins-1E cells without internalised apoA-I (apoA-I
-
cells). Differentially expressed genes in the apoA-I
+
and apoA-I
-
Ins-1E cells were related to protein synthesis, the ER stress-related unfolded protein response, insulin secretion and mitochondrial function. Internalised apoA-I localised to mitochondria, lowered the cholesterol-mediated increase in ROS levels, and improved insulin secretion in cholesterol-loaded Ins-1E cells. The ATPase inhibitory factor 1, IF
1
, inhibited apoA-I internalisation and attenuated the apoA-I-mediated decrease of ROS levels in Ins-1E cells and isolated mouse islets.
Conclusions:
These results establish that internalised apoA-I restores insulin secretion in β-cells with high cholesterol levels by improving mitochondrial redox balance.
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Wang Q, Zhang T, Yang Y, Chen FY, Dai PX, Jia MM, Leng ZW, Ma LB, Yang J, Qi WR, Zhang XX, Mu Y, Chen SY, Xu YS, Cao YL, Yang WZ, Yang T, Feng LZ. [Evaluation of demand of resources for laboratory testing and prevention and control of COVID-19 in the context of global pandemic]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:983-991. [PMID: 34814496 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20210303-00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To rapidly evaluate the level of healthcare resource demand for laboratory testing and prevention and control of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in different epidemic situation, and prepare for the capacity planning, stockpile distribution, and funding raising for infectious disease epidemic response. Methods: An susceptible, exposed, infectious, removed infectious disease dynamics model with confirmed asymptomatic infection cases and symptomatic hospitalized patients was introduced to simulate different COVID-19 epidemic situation and predict the numbers of hospitalized or isolated patients, and based on the current COVID-19 prevention and control measures in China, the demands of resources for laboratory testing and prevention and control of COVID-19 were evaluated. Results: When community or local transmission or outbreaks occur and total population nucleic acid testing is implemented, the need for human resources is 3.3-89.1 times higher than the reserved, and the current resources of medical personal protective equipment and instruments can meet the need. The surge in asymptomatic infections can also increase the human resource demand for laboratory testing and pose challenge to the prevention and control of the disease. When vaccine protection coverage reach ≥50%, appropriate adjustment of the prevention and control measures can reduce the need for laboratory and human resources. Conclusions: There is a great need in our country to reserve the human resources for laboratory testing and disease prevention and control for the response of the possible epidemic of COVID-19. Challenges to human resources resulted from total population nucleic acid testing and its necessity need to be considered. Conducting non-pharmaceutical interventions and encouraging more people to be vaccinated can mitigate the shock on healthcare resource demand in COVID-19 prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - T Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - F Y Chen
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - P X Dai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - M M Jia
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Z W Leng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L B Ma
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W R Qi
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X X Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Mu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Y Chen
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y S Xu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y L Cao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - W Z Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - T Yang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Z Feng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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40
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Chen SY, Beretta M, Alexopoulos SJ, Shah DP, Olzomer EM, Hargett SR, Childress ES, Salamoun JM, Aleksovska I, Roseblade A, Cranfield C, Rawling T, Quinlan KGR, Morris MJ, Tucker SP, Santos WL, Hoehn KL. Mitochondrial uncoupler SHC517 reverses obesity in mice without affecting food intake. Metabolism 2021; 117:154724. [PMID: 33548253 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mitochondrial uncouplers decrease caloric efficiency and have potential therapeutic benefits for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Herein we investigate the metabolic and physiologic effects of a recently identified small molecule mitochondrial uncoupler named SHC517 in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. METHODS SHC517 was administered as an admixture in food. The effect of SHC517 on in vivo energy expenditure and respiratory quotient was determined by indirect calorimetry. A dose-finding obesity prevention study was performed by starting SHC517 treatment concomitant with high fat diet for a period of 12 days. An obesity reversal study was performed by feeding mice western diet for 4 weeks prior to SHC517 treatment for 7 weeks. Biochemical assays were used to determine changes in glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol. SHC517 concentrations were determined by mass spectrometry. RESULTS SHC517 increased lipid oxidation without affecting body temperature. SHC517 prevented diet-induced obesity when administered at 0.05% and 0.1% w/w in high fat diet and reversed established obesity when tested at the 0.05% dose. In the obesity reversal model, SHC517 restored adiposity to levels similar to chow-fed control mice without affecting food intake or lean body mass. SHC517 improved glucose tolerance and fasting glucose levels when administered in both the obesity prevention and obesity reversal modes. CONCLUSIONS SHC517 is a mitochondrial uncoupler with potent anti-obesity and insulin sensitizing effects in mice. SHC517 reversed obesity without altering food intake or compromising lean mass, effects that are highly sought-after in anti-obesity therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing-Young Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina Beretta
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stephanie J Alexopoulos
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Divya P Shah
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ellen M Olzomer
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stefan R Hargett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Childress
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Joseph M Salamoun
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Isabella Aleksovska
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ariane Roseblade
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Charles Cranfield
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kate G R Quinlan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Margaret J Morris
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Simon P Tucker
- Continuum Biosciences Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, 2035, Australia
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Continuum Biosciences Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, 2035, Australia.
| | - Kyle L Hoehn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.; Continuum Biosciences Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, 2035, Australia.
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41
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Chen SY, Li Y, Yang JS, Yin XX. [Advances in researches of serotype 2 novel oral polio vaccine]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:413-417. [PMID: 33730837 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200514-00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In April 2016, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) adjusted its polio vaccination strategy, converting trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) into bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV), and withdrawing type 2 oral polio vaccine (OPV2) globally. However, after the withdrawal of OPV2, there were many outbreaks of type-2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) in Asia and Africa. In order to eradicate poliovirus completely, GPEI launched the research and development of the novel serotype 2 oral polio vaccine (nOPV2) in 2010 and considering whether it is necessary to reuse OPV. This paper summarizes the epidemiological situation of cVDPV2 before and after OPV2's withdrawal, the related factors affecting the reuse of OPV and the related research progress of nOPV2.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Y Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - J S Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - X X Yin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
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Abstract
Regular exercise induces intramuscular triglyceride accumulation with improved mitochondrial ability, but the mechanism remains unknown. The glycolytic product of exercise, lactate, has long been rec-ognized to suppress lipolysis and promote lipogenesis in adipocytes through inhibition of the cAMP-PKA pathway by activation of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR81). However, whether lactate results in a similar process in skeletal muscle is unclear. Here, by using intramuscular injection of lactate to the gastrocnemius, the lipid metabolism effects were investigated in rat skeletal muscle. Firstly, the lactate-injection effect was verified by comparing changes in blood lactate levels from injection and exercise (30 min, 31 m/min, treadmill running). After five weeks of lactate intervention, intramuscular triglyceride levels in the gastrocnemius and the proportion of epididymis adipose mass to body weight increased. Chronic intramuscular injection of lactate elevated lactate receptor, GPR81, and reduced cAMP response element-binding (CREB) and P-CREB abundance in the gastrocnemius. Additionally, there was a significant decline in lipolytic-related proteins (AMPK, P-AMPK, P-HSL, CPT-1B, TGF-β2, SDHA) and a significant increase in fat synthesis proteins (SREBP-1C, PPAR-γ). Surprisingly, mitochondrial biomarkers (PGC-1α, CS) were also increased in the gastrocnemius, suggesting that chronic lactate might promote mitochondria biogenesis. Together, these results demonstrated that lactate may play a crucial role in triglyceride storage and mitochondria biogenesis in the skeletal muscle of rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhou
- Institute of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China PR
| | - S Y Chen
- Institute of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China PR
| | - H J Han
- Institute of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China PR
| | - J Q Sun
- Institute of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China PR
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43
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Che NN, Ding GX, Chen SY, Li DS, Li X, Ma JJ, Yang HQ. [Measurement of corneal nerve fiber parameters in patients with Parkinson's disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:498-503. [PMID: 33631895 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200614-01851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristic changes of corneal nerve fibers in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) by corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) and investigate the association of corneal nerve fiber parameters with disease severity and motor symptoms. Methods: Forty-two patients with PD were recruited from the Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital from June 2018 to October 2019. Meanwhile, 40 healthy controls who visited the hospital for physical examination at the same period were enrolled. Corneal nerve fibers in both eyes of all participants were detected by using CCM. The differences of corneal nerve fibers were comparatively analyzed between PD group and healthy controls. Associations of corneal nerve parameters with clinical characteristics such as course of disease, Hoehn and Yahr stage (H-Y stage), unified Parkinson disease rating scale (UPDRS), levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD) were analyzed by using partial correlations. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the capability of corneal nerve fibers for distinguishing patients with PD from healthy controls. Results: Corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) in PD group ((19±3)/mm2) was significantly decreased compared with healthy controls ((28±4)/mm2) (t=10.798, P<0.001). However, corneal nerve branch density (CNBD) was significantly increased in PD group ((25±11)/mm2) compared with healthy controls ((18±6)/mm2) (t=-3.427, P=0.001). Meanwhile, corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) was decreased in PD group ((11.0±2.5) mm/mm2) in comparison with healthy controls ((12.5±1.6) mm/mm2) (t=3.139, P=0.002). ROC curve analysis revealed that CNFD could discriminate PD patients from healthy controls, with an area under the curve of 0.961 3 (95%CI: 92.42-99.84, P<0.000 1). CNFD was negatively correlated with H-Y stage and UPDRS-Ⅲ (r=-0.501 and -0.399, both P<0.05). CNBD was significantly negatively associated with H-Y stage, UPDRS-Ⅲ and UPDRS-Total (r=-0.622, -0.394 and -0.354, respectively, all P<0.05). CNFL was negatively correlated with H-Y stage, UPDRS-Ⅲ and UPDRS-total (r=-0.574, -0.484 and -0.422, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusion: Small nerve fiber injuries exist in PD patients. Corneal nerve fibers negatively correlates with motor symptoms. CNFD have a good discriminative power to distinguish PD patients from healthy controls and may serve as a marker for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Che
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - G X Ding
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - D S Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - H Q Yang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Bai CQ, Ouyang J, Su CH, Cui QQ, Liu D, Gao ZH, Chen SY, Zhao YY. [Association of hyperuricemia-induced renal damage with sirtuin 1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in rats]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:429-434. [PMID: 33611893 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200620-01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association of hyperuricemia-induced renal damage with sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in rats. Methods: Using the random number table method, 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, model A group (the model was generated using oxonic acid potassium salt alone), model B group (hyperuricemia model was generated using oxonic acid potassium salt combined with uric acid) and resveratrol group, with 8 rats in each group. The experiment lasted 12 weeks. Serum uric acid and cystatin C levels were monitored regularly. In week 12, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were measured, and the kidneys were extracted. The expression of SIRT1 and eNOS in renal tissues was measured and determined by immunohistochemistry, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Immunohistochemistry of alpha-smooth muscle actin combined with Masson staining was employed to evaluate the degree of renal fibrosis, and pathological changes were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: In week 12, the uric acid levels in both the model A and model B groups were higher than those in the control group [(316±43) μmol/L, (297±40) μmol/L vs (118±44) μmol/L, both P<0.05]. The levels of cystatin C in the model A, model B, and resveratrol groups were all higher than those in the control group [(156±20) ng/ml, (143±29) ng/ml, (128±26) ng/ml vs (62±18) ng/ml, all P<0.05]. Creatinine levels were higher in the model A and model B groups than those in the control group [(68.5±10.3) μmol/L, (64.5±13.9) μmol/L vs (43.2±10.6) μmol/L, both P<0.05]. The levels of uric acid, cystatin C and creatinine in the resveratrol group were lower than those in the model A group (all P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting for renal SIRT1 and eNOS showed that the expression in the model A and model B groups was inhibited, while the expression in the resveratrol group was not significantly inhibited, compared with that in the control group. Microscopically, obvious abnormalities were not found in the renal tissue of the control group. Renal inflammatory cell aggregation and edema occurred, and interstitial fibrosis was obvious in both the model A and model B groups, while these lesions in the resveratrol group were significantly improved. Conclusions: Hyperuricemia may cause renal injury by inhibiting the expression of SIRT1 and eNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Q Bai
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - J Ouyang
- Endocrine Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - C H Su
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Q Q Cui
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z H Gao
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Y Y Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Feng LZ, Yang T, Wang Q, Yang Y, Leng ZW, Chen SY, Jia MM, Zhang T, Chen FY, Zhang XX, Yang WZ. [Prevent infectious diseases through vaccination, and protect health of the elderly]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 100:3821-3826. [PMID: 33091972 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20201020-02882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Z Feng
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - T Yang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Q Wang
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Yang
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Z W Leng
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Y Chen
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M M Jia
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - T Zhang
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - F Y Chen
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X X Zhang
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W Z Yang
- School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Cheng C, Chen SY, Geng J, Zhu PY, Liang RN, Yuan MZ, Wang B, Jin YF, Zhang RG, Zhang WD, Yang HY, Duan GC. [Preliminary analysis on COVID-19 case spectrum and spread intensity in different provinces in China except Hubei province]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:1601-1605. [PMID: 33297615 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200314-00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of COVID-19 case spectrum and spread intensity in different provinces in China except Hubei province. Methods: The daily incidence data and case information of COVID-19 were collected from the official websites of provincial and municipal health commissions. The morbidity rate, severity rate, case-fatality rate, and spread ratio of COVID-19 were calculated. Results: As of 20 March, 2020, a total of 12 941 cases of COVID-19 had been conformed, including 116 deaths, and the average morbidity rate, severity rate and case-fatality rate were 0.97/100 000, 13.5% and 0.90%, respectively. The morbidity rates in Zhejiang (2.12/100 000), Jiangxi (2.01/100 000) and Beijing (1.93/100 000) ranked top three. The characteristics of COVID-19 case spectrum varied from province to province. The first three provinces (autonomous region, municipality) with high severity rates were Tianjin (45.6%), Xinjiang (35.5%) and Heilongjiang (29.5%). The case-fatality rate was highest in Xinjiang (3.95%), followed by Hainan (3.57%) and Heilongjiang (2.70%). The average spread ratio was 0.98 and the spread intensity varied from province to province. Tibet had the lowest spread ratio (0), followed by Qinghai (0.20) and Guangdong (0.23). Conclusion: The intervention measures were effective in preventing the spread of COVID-19 and improved treatment effect in China. However, there were significant differences among different regions in severity, case-fatality rate and spread ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - J Geng
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - P Y Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - R N Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - M Z Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Y F Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - R G Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - W D Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - H Y Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - G C Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Mou YW, Li ZY, Yang X, Chen SY, Hou SS, Zhang EG, Shao H, Du ZJ. [Research progress of ferroptosis-related mechanism and diseases]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2020; 38:797-800. [PMID: 33142393 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20190925-00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new programmed cell death characterized by iron dependent and intracellular oxidative accumulation. Current studies have confirmed that ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of neurotoxicity injury, tumors, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases. This paper reviews the mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in related diseases based on recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Mou
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Z Y Li
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - X Yang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - S S Hou
- School of Public Health, Changchun University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - E G Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - H Shao
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Z J Du
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
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Wang JF, Ma JQ, Luo JJ, Chen HY, Mi SL, Chen SY, Su YG, Ge JB. [Hemodynamic response in cirrhotic patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2020; 59:700-705. [PMID: 32838501 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20190827-00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To discuss the effects of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure on hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients. Methods: A total of 23 cirrhotic patients for TIPS insertion were enrolled from January 2018 to October 2018. Serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), transthoracic echocardiography and non-invasive cardiac output measurement based on impedance cardiogram were carried out before and 24h, 1 month, 6 months after TIPS in order to observe cardiac function and hemodynamic changes after TIPS. Results: Significant increases in right atrial area [(17.2±4.0) cm(2) vs. (15.0±3.4) cm(2), P<0.05], right ventricular area [(15.1±3.8) cm(2) vs. (13.7±3.5) cm(2), P<0.05] and left ventricular volume [(97.4±21.5) ml vs. (91.1±22.7) ml, P<0.05] were observed 24 h after TIPS. These changes were accompanied with significant reduction in collapsible index of inferior vena cava [(20.7± 8.1)% vs. (28.6±11.3)%, P<0.01] and elevation in pulmonary arterial systolic pressure [(36.0±8.4) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (31.8±5.4) mmHg, P<0.01]. There also existed significantly elevated serum NT-proBNP [(551.2±325.1) ng/L vs. (124.2±94.4) ng/L, P<0.01], cardiac output [(5.82±0.96) L/min vs. (5.12±1.28) L/min, P<0.01], cardiac index [(3.47±0.64) L·min(-1)·m(-2) vs. (3.05±0.78) L·min(-1)·m(-2), P<0.01], early diastolic filling rate [(59.0±14.3)% vs. (54.5±11.0)%, P<0.05], and reduced systemic vascular resistance index (SVRi) [(1 798.4±357.3) dyne·s·cm(-5)·m(-2) vs. (2 195.7±508.7) dyne·s·cm(-5)·m(-2), P<0.01] 24 h after TIPS. At the end of 6-month follow-up, all these parameters, but not SVRi, returned towards baseline values. Moreover, peak early to late diastolic tissue velocity ratio at the level of lateral mitral annulus (E'/A') was significantly higher at the end of 6-month follow-up than that at baseline (1.06±0.32 vs. 0.90±0.45, P<0.05). Neither the right ventricular fractional area changes nor the left ventricular ejection fractions during the follow-up period were different from those at baseline (P>0.05). Conclusion: Cirrhotic patients who had no cardiovascular pathologies had adequate adaptation and good compensation ability to reach a new hemodynamic homeostasis for the increased volume load after TIPS insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Q Ma
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J J Luo
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Y Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S L Mi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y G Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J B Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhu YL, Ding H, Fu TT, Xu ZT, Xue LY, Chen SY, Wang WP. [Diagnostic accuracy of liver and spleen stiffness by two dimensional shear wave elastography for portal hypertension in hepatitis B-related cirrhosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:1654-1657. [PMID: 32486601 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20191029-02340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of liver and spleen stiffness measured by two dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) in hepatitis B-related cirrhosis. Methods: The clinical data of fifty-eight hepatitis B-related cirrhosis patients were collected in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from September 2017 to April 2018. Pearson's correlation analyses were used to assess the relationship between liver/spleen stiffness (L-SWE and S-SWE) and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG), as well as the comparison with serological model. The SWE diagnostic performances of Liver (L-SWE), Spleen (S-SWE) were also evaluated. Results: Of all 58 patients, 47 were found HVPG ≥10 mmHg, diagnosed as clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) and severe portal hypertension (SPH), which patients are at increased risk of developing complications. Thirty-four patients were found HVPG≥12 mmHg, diagnosed as SPH, which patients were at increased risk of variceal bleeding. Moderate positive correlation was found between L-SWE and HVPG (r=0.42, P<0.01), and S-SWE were significantly correlated with HVPG (r=0.68, P<0.01), while serological models and HVPG were slightly correlated (r=0.36 and 0.28, all P<0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of L-SWE, S-SWE and the combination for CSPH were 0.78, 0.88 and 0.89. When L-SWE was>12.86 kPa or S-SWE was>35.73 kPa, patients were at increased risk of developing complications. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for SPH were 0.68, 0.81 and 0.77 and the S-SWE had the highest specificity, so when S-SWE was>41.5 kPa, patients were at increased risk of variceal bleeding. Conclusion: L-SWE and S-SWE are reliable and promising non-invasive parameters to assess CSPH and SPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Ding
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - T T Fu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Z T Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L Y Xue
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W P Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
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Acharya A, Agarwal R, Baker M, Baudry J, Bhowmik D, Boehm S, Byler KG, Coates L, Chen SY, Cooper CJ, Demerdash O, Daidone I, Eblen JD, Ellingson S, Forli S, Glaser J, Gumbart JC, Gunnels J, Hernandez O, Irle S, Larkin J, Lawrence TJ, LeGrand S, Liu SH, Mitchell JC, Park G, Parks JM, Pavlova A, Petridis L, Poole D, Pouchard L, Ramanathan A, Rogers D, Santos-Martins D, Scheinberg A, Sedova A, Shen S, Smith JC, Smith MD, Soto C, Tsaris A, Thavappiragasam M, Tillack AF, Vermaas JV, Vuong VQ, Yin J, Yoo S, Zahran M, Zanetti-Polzi L. Supercomputer-Based Ensemble Docking Drug Discovery Pipeline with Application to Covid-19. ChemRxiv 2020:12725465. [PMID: 33200117 PMCID: PMC7668744 DOI: 10.26434/chemrxiv.12725465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We present a supercomputer-driven pipeline for in-silico drug discovery using enhanced sampling molecular dynamics (MD) and ensemble docking. We also describe preliminary results obtained for 23 systems involving eight protein targets of the proteome of SARS CoV-2. THe MD performed is temperature replica-exchange enhanced sampling, making use of the massively parallel supercomputing on the SUMMIT supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, with which more than 1ms of enhanced sampling MD can be generated per day. We have ensemble docked repurposing databases to ten configurations of each of the 23 SARS CoV-2 systems using AutoDock Vina. We also demonstrate that using Autodock-GPU on SUMMIT, it is possible to perform exhaustive docking of one billion compounds in under 24 hours. Finally, we discuss preliminary results and planned improvements to the pipeline, including the use of quantum mechanical (QM), machine learning, and AI methods to cluster MD trajectories and rescore docking poses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Acharya
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - R Agarwal
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - M Baker
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - J Baudry
- The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Department of Biological Sciences. 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899
| | - D Bhowmik
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - S Boehm
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - K G Byler
- The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Department of Biological Sciences. 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899
| | - L Coates
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - S Y Chen
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - C J Cooper
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - O Demerdash
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - I Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, I-67010 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - J D Eblen
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - S Ellingson
- University of Kentucky, Division of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, UK Medical Center MN 150, Lexington KY, 40536
| | - S Forli
- Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037
| | - J Glaser
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - J C Gumbart
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - J Gunnels
- HPC Engineering, Amazon Web Services, Seattle, WA 98121
| | - O Hernandez
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - S Irle
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996
| | - J Larkin
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051
| | - T J Lawrence
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - S LeGrand
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051
| | - S-H Liu
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - J C Mitchell
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - G Park
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - J M Parks
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - A Pavlova
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - L Petridis
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - D Poole
- NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051
| | - L Pouchard
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - A Ramanathan
- Data Science and Learning Division, Argonne National Lab, Lemont, IL 60439
| | - D Rogers
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | | | | | - A Sedova
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - S Shen
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - J C Smith
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - M D Smith
- UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37830
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, 309 Ken and Blaire Mossman Bldg. 1311 Cumberland Avenue Knoxville, TN, 37996
| | - C Soto
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - A Tsaris
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | | | | | - J V Vermaas
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - V Q Vuong
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996
| | - J Yin
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - S Yoo
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - M Zahran
- Department of Biological Sciences, New York City College of Technology, The City University of New York (CUNY), Brooklyn, NY 11201
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