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Baines DK, Platania V, Tavernaraki NN, Parati M, Wright K, Radecka I, Chatzinikolaidou M, Douglas TEL. The Enrichment of Whey Protein Isolate Hydrogels with Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Promotes the Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Preosteoblasts. Gels 2023; 10:18. [PMID: 38247741 PMCID: PMC10815088 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Osseous disease accounts for over half of chronic pathologies, but there is a limited supply of autografts, the gold standard; hence, there is a demand for new synthetic biomaterials. Herein, we present the use of a promising, new dairy-derived biomaterial: whey protein isolate (WPI) in the form of hydrogels, modified with the addition of different concentrations of the biotechnologically produced protein-like polymeric substance poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) as a potential scaffold for tissue regeneration. Raman spectroscopic analysis demonstrated the successful creation of WPI-γ-PGA hydrogels. A cytotoxicity assessment using preosteoblastic cells demonstrated that the hydrogels were noncytotoxic and supported cell proliferation from day 3 to 14. All γ-PGA-containing scaffold compositions strongly promoted cell attachment and the formation of dense interconnected cell layers. Cell viability was significantly increased on γ-PGA-containing scaffolds on day 14 compared to WPI control scaffolds. Significantly, the cells showed markers of osteogenic differentiation; they synthesised increasing amounts of collagen over time, and cells showed significantly enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity at day 7 and higher levels of calcium for matrix mineralization at days 14 and 21 on the γ-PGA-containing scaffolds. These results demonstrated the potential of WPI-γ-PGA hydrogels as scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K. Baines
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
- Faculty of Health and medicine, Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
| | - Varvara Platania
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (V.P.); (N.N.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Nikoleta N. Tavernaraki
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (V.P.); (N.N.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Mattia Parati
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK; (M.P.); (I.R.)
| | - Karen Wright
- Faculty of Health and medicine, Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
| | - Iza Radecka
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK; (M.P.); (I.R.)
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (V.P.); (N.N.T.); (M.C.)
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
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Genç H, Friedrich B, Alexiou C, Pietryga K, Cicha I, Douglas TEL. Endothelialization of Whey Protein Isolate-Based Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration. Molecules 2023; 28:7052. [PMID: 37894531 PMCID: PMC10609092 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whey protein isolate (WPI) is a by-product from the dairy industry, whose main component is β-lactoglobulin. Upon heating, WPI forms a hydrogel which can both support controlled drug delivery and enhance the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone-forming cells. This study makes a novel contribution by evaluating the ability of WPI hydrogels to support the growth of endothelial cells, which are essential for vascularization, which in turn is a pre-requisite for bone regeneration. METHODS In this study, the proliferation and antioxidant levels in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured with WPI supplementation were evaluated using real-time cell analysis and flow cytometry. Further, the attachment and growth of HUVECs seeded on WPI-based hydrogels with different concentrations of WPI (15%, 20%, 30%, 40%) were investigated. RESULTS Supplementation with WPI did not affect the viability or proliferation of HUVECs monitored with real-time cell analysis. At the highest used concentration of WPI (500 µg/mL), a slight induction of ROS production in HUVECs was detected as compared with control samples, but it was not accompanied by alterations in cellular thiol levels. Regarding WPI-based hydrogels, HUVEC adhered and spread on all samples, showing good metabolic activity. Notably, cell number was highest on samples containing 20% and 30% WPI. CONCLUSIONS The demonstration of the good compatibility of WPI hydrogels with endothelial cells in these experiments is an important step towards promoting the vascularization of hydrogels upon implantation in vivo, which is expected to improve implant outcomes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Genç
- Section of Experimental Oncology und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.G.)
| | - Bernhard Friedrich
- Section of Experimental Oncology und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.G.)
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Section of Experimental Oncology und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.G.)
| | - Krzysztof Pietryga
- Silesian Park of Medical Technology Kardio-Med Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Iwona Cicha
- Section of Experimental Oncology und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.G.)
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Ivory-Cousins T, Nurzynska A, Klimek K, Baines DK, Truszkiewicz W, Pałka K, Douglas TEL. Whey Protein Isolate/Calcium Silicate Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications-Preliminary In Vitro Evaluation. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6484. [PMID: 37834620 PMCID: PMC10573410 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Whey protein isolate (WPI) hydrogels are attractive biomaterials for application in bone repair and regeneration. However, their main limitation is low mechanical strength. Therefore, to improve these properties, the incorporation of ceramic phases into hydrogel matrices is currently being performed. In this study, novel whey protein isolate/calcium silicate (WPI/CaSiO3) hydrogel biomaterials were prepared with varying concentrations of a ceramic phase (CaSiO3). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the introduction of CaSiO3 to a WPI hydrogel matrix on its physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties. Our Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy results showed that CaSiO3 was successfully incorporated into the WPI hydrogel matrix to create composite biomaterials. Swelling tests indicated that the addition of 5% (w/v) CaSiO3 caused greater swelling compared to biomaterials without CaSiO3 and ultimate compressive strength and strain at break. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that WPI hydrogel biomaterials enriched with CaSiO3 demonstrated superior cytocompatibility in vitro compared to the control hydrogel biomaterials without CaSiO3. Thus, this study revealed that the addition of CaSiO3 to WPI-based hydrogel biomaterials renders them more promising for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayla Ivory-Cousins
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lancaster University, Nadbystrzycka 36 Street, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; (T.I.-C.); (D.K.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Nurzynska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (K.K.); (W.T.)
| | - Katarzyna Klimek
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (K.K.); (W.T.)
| | - Daniel K. Baines
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lancaster University, Nadbystrzycka 36 Street, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; (T.I.-C.); (D.K.B.)
| | - Wieslaw Truszkiewicz
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (K.K.); (W.T.)
| | - Krzysztof Pałka
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36 Street, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lancaster University, Nadbystrzycka 36 Street, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; (T.I.-C.); (D.K.B.)
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Gaweł M, Domalik-Pyzik P, Douglas TEL, Reczyńska-Kolman K, Pamuła E, Pielichowska K. The Effect of Chitosan on Physicochemical Properties of Whey Protein Isolate Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3867. [PMID: 37835916 PMCID: PMC10575415 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
New scaffolds, based on whey protein isolate (WPI) and chitosan (CS), have been proposed and investigated as possible materials for use in osteochondral tissue repair. Two types of WPI-based hydrogels modified by CS were prepared: CS powder was incorporated into WPI in either dissolved or suspended powder form. The optimal chemical composition of the resulting WPI/CS hydrogels was chosen based on the morphology, structural properties, chemical stability, swelling ratio, wettability, mechanical properties, bioactivity, and cytotoxicity evaluation. The hydrogels with CS incorporated in powder form exhibited superior mechanical properties and higher porosity, whereas those with CS incorporated after dissolution showed enhanced wettability, which decreased with increasing CS content. The introduction of CS powder into the WPI matrix promoted apatite formation, as confirmed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. In vitro cytotoxicity results confirmed the cytocompatibility of CS powder modified WPI hydrogels, suggesting their suitability as cell scaffolds. These findings demonstrate the promising potential of WPI/CS scaffolds for osteochondral tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Gaweł
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (P.D.-P.); (K.R.-K.); (E.P.)
| | - Patrycja Domalik-Pyzik
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (P.D.-P.); (K.R.-K.); (E.P.)
| | | | - Katarzyna Reczyńska-Kolman
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (P.D.-P.); (K.R.-K.); (E.P.)
| | - Elżbieta Pamuła
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (P.D.-P.); (K.R.-K.); (E.P.)
| | - Kinga Pielichowska
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (P.D.-P.); (K.R.-K.); (E.P.)
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Pattnaik A, Sanket AS, Pradhan S, Sahoo R, Das S, Pany S, Douglas TEL, Dandela R, Liu Q, Rajadas J, Pati S, De Smedt SC, Braeckmans K, Samal SK. Designing of gradient scaffolds and their applications in tissue regeneration. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122078. [PMID: 36921442 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Gradient scaffolds are isotropic/anisotropic three-dimensional structures with gradual transitions in geometry, density, porosity, stiffness, etc., that mimic the biological extracellular matrix. The gradient structures in biological tissues play a major role in various functional and metabolic activities in the body. The designing of gradients in the scaffold can overcome the current challenges in the clinic compared to conventional scaffolds by exhibiting excellent penetration capacity for nutrients & cells, increased cellular adhesion, cell viability & differentiation, improved mechanical stability, and biocompatibility. In this review, the recent advancements in designing gradient scaffolds with desired biomimetic properties, and their implication in tissue regeneration applications have been briefly explained. Furthermore, the gradients in native tissues such as bone, cartilage, neuron, cardiovascular, skin and their specific utility in tissue regeneration have been discussed in detail. The insights from such advances using gradient-based scaffolds can widen the horizon for using gradient biomaterials in tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Pattnaik
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - A Swaroop Sanket
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, 751030, Odisha, India
| | - Rajashree Sahoo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Sudiptee Das
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Swarnaprbha Pany
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Timothy E L Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom; Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Rambabu Dandela
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian Oil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Qiang Liu
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Regenerative Biomaterials Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, California, 94304, USA
| | - Jaykumar Rajadas
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Regenerative Biomaterials Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, California, 94304, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francusco (UCSF) School of Parmacy, California, USA
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Sangram Keshari Samal
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India.
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Klimek K, Palka K, Truszkiewicz W, Douglas TEL, Nurzynska A, Ginalska G. Could Curdlan/Whey Protein Isolate/Hydroxyapatite Biomaterials Be Considered as Promising Bone Scaffolds?-Fabrication, Characterization, and Evaluation of Cytocompatibility towards Osteoblast Cells In Vitro. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203251. [PMID: 36291119 PMCID: PMC9600130 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of bone fractures and cracks requiring surgical interventions increases every year; hence, there is a huge need to develop new potential bone scaffolds for bone regeneration. The goal of this study was to gain knowledge about the basic properties of novel curdlan/whey protein isolate/hydroxyapatite biomaterials in the context of their use in bone tissue engineering. The purpose of this research was also to determine whether the concentration of whey protein isolate in scaffolds has an influence on their properties. Thus, two biomaterials differing in the concentration of whey protein isolate (i.e., 25 wt.% and 35 wt.%; hereafter called Cur_WPI25_HAp and Cur_WPI35_HAp, respectively) were fabricated and subjected to evaluation of porosity, mechanical properties, swelling ability, protein release capacity, enzymatic biodegradability, bioactivity, and cytocompatibility towards osteoblasts in vitro. It was found that both biomaterials fulfilled a number of requirements for bone scaffolds, as they demonstrated limited swelling and the ability to undergo controllable enzymatic biodegradation, to form apatite layers on their surfaces and to support the viability, growth, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts. On the other hand, the biomaterials were characterized by low open porosity, which may hinder the penetration of cells though their structure. Moreover, they had low mechanical properties compared to natural bone, which limits their use to filling of bone defects in non-load bearing implantation areas, e.g., in the craniofacial area, but then they will be additionally supported by application of mechanically strong materials such as titanium plates. Thus, this preliminary in vitro research indicates that biomaterials composed of curdlan, whey protein isolate, and hydroxyapatite seem promising for bone tissue engineering applications, but their porosity and mechanical properties should be improved. This will be the subject of our further work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Klimek
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-448-70-28
| | - Krzysztof Palka
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 26 Street, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wieslaw Truszkiewicz
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Aleksandra Nurzynska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grazyna Ginalska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Klimek K, Benko A, Vandrovcova M, Travnickova M, Douglas TEL, Tarczynska M, Broz A, Gaweda K, Ginalska G, Bacakova L. Biomimetic biphasic curdlan-based scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering applications - Characterization and preliminary evaluation of mesenchymal stem cell response in vitro. Biomater Adv 2022; 135:212724. [PMID: 35929204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteochondral defects remain a huge problem in medicine today. Biomimetic bi- or multi-phasic scaffolds constitute a very promising alternative to osteochondral autografts and allografts. In this study, a new curdlan-based scaffold was designed for osteochondral tissue engineering applications. To achieve biomimetic properties, it was enriched with a protein component - whey protein isolate as well as a ceramic ingredient - hydroxyapatite granules. The scaffold was fabricated via a simple and cost-efficient method, which represents a significant advantage. Importantly, this technique allowed generation of a scaffold with two distinct, but integrated phases. Scanning electron microcopy and optical profilometry observations demonstrated that phases of biomaterial possessed different structural properties. The top layer of the biomaterial (mimicking the cartilage) was smoother than the bottom one (mimicking the subchondral bone), which is beneficial from a biological point of view because unlike bone, cartilage is a smooth tissue. Moreover, mechanical testing showed that the top layer of the biomaterial had mechanical properties close to those of natural cartilage. Although the mechanical properties of the bottom layer of scaffold were lower than those of the subchondral bone, it was still higher than in many analogous systems. Most importantly, cell culture experiments indicated that the biomaterial possessed high cytocompatibility towards adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Both phases of the scaffold enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells (revealing its chondroinductive properties in vitro) as well as osteogenic differentiation of these cells (revealing its osteoinductive properties in vitro). Given all features of the novel curdlan-based scaffold, it is worth noting that it may be considered as promising candidate for osteochondral tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Klimek
- Medical University of Lublin, Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Benko
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, 30 A. Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Vandrovcova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Videnska 1083 Street, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Travnickova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Videnska 1083 Street, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Timothy E L Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, LA1 4YW Lancaster, United Kingdom; Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Tarczynska
- Medical University of Lublin, Department and Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Jaczewskiego 8 Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Antonin Broz
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Videnska 1083 Street, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Krzysztof Gaweda
- Medical University of Lublin, Department and Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Jaczewskiego 8 Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grazyna Ginalska
- Medical University of Lublin, Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Lucie Bacakova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Videnska 1083 Street, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
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Klimek K, Tarczynska M, Truszkiewicz W, Gaweda K, Douglas TEL, Ginalska G. Freeze-Dried Curdlan/Whey Protein Isolate-Based Biomaterial as Promising Scaffold for Matrix-Associated Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation-A Pilot In-Vitro Study. Cells 2022; 11:282. [PMID: 35053397 PMCID: PMC8773726 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to establish whether a novel freeze-dried curdlan/whey protein isolate-based biomaterial may be taken into consideration as a potential scaffold for matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte transplantation. For this reason, this biomaterial was initially characterized by the visualization of its micro- and macrostructures as well as evaluation of its mechanical stability, and its ability to undergo enzymatic degradation in vitro. Subsequently, the cytocompatibility of the biomaterial towards human chondrocytes (isolated from an orthopaedic patient) was assessed. It was demonstrated that the novel freeze-dried curdlan/whey protein isolate-based biomaterial possessed a porous structure and a Young's modulus close to those of the superficial and middle zones of cartilage. It also exhibited controllable degradability in collagenase II solution over nine weeks. Most importantly, this biomaterial supported the viability and proliferation of human chondrocytes, which maintained their characteristic phenotype. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis and confocal microscope observations revealed that the biomaterial may protect chondrocytes from dedifferentiation towards fibroblast-like cells during 12-day culture. Thus, in conclusion, this pilot study demonstrated that novel freeze-dried curdlan/whey protein isolate-based biomaterial may be considered as a potential scaffold for matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Klimek
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (W.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Marta Tarczynska
- Department and Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8 Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.T.); (K.G.)
| | - Wieslaw Truszkiewicz
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (W.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Krzysztof Gaweda
- Department and Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8 Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.T.); (K.G.)
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA 1 4YW, UK;
- Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster LA 1 4YW, UK
| | - Grazyna Ginalska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (W.T.); (G.G.)
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Abalymov A, Lengert E, Van der Meeren L, Saveleva M, Ivanova A, Douglas TEL, Skirtach AG, Volodkin D, Parakhonskiy B. The influence of Ca/Mg ratio on autogelation of hydrogel biomaterials with bioceramic compounds. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2022; 133:112632. [PMID: 35034815 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels, which are versatile three-dimensional structures containing polymers and water, are very attractive for use in biomedical fields, but they suffer from rather weak mechanical properties. In this regard, biocompatible particles can be used to enhance their mechanical properties. The possibility of loading such particles with drugs (e.g. enzymes) makes them a particularly useful component in hydrogels. In this study, micro/nanoparticles containing various ratios of Ca2+/Mg2+ with sizes ranging from 1 to 8 μm were prepared and mixed with gellan gum (GG) solution to study the in-situ formation of hydrogel-particle composites. The particles provide multiple functionalities: 1) they efficiently crosslink GG to induce hydrogel formation through the release of the divalent cations (Ca2+/Mg2+) known to bind to GG polymer chains; 2) they enhance mechanical properties of the hydrogel from 2 up to 100 kPa; 3) the samples most efficiently promoting cell growth were found to contain two types of minerals: vaterite and hydroxymagnesite, which enhanced cells proliferation and hydroxyapatite formation. The results demonstrate that such composite materials are attractive candidates for applications in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ekaterina Lengert
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119992, Russia; Central Research Laboratory, Saratov State Medical University of V. I. Razumovsky, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | | | - Mariia Saveleva
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Anna Ivanova
- FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics", Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timothy E L Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YX, United Kingdom; Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, United Kingdom
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- Nottingham Trent University, NG11 8NS, Clifton Lane, United Kingdom
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10
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Riedel S, Ward D, Kudláčková R, Mazur K, Bačáková L, Kerns JG, Allinson SL, Ashton L, Koniezcny R, Mayr SG, Douglas TEL. Electron Beam-Treated Enzymatically Mineralized Gelatin Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:jfb12040057. [PMID: 34698221 PMCID: PMC8544455 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological hydrogels are highly promising materials for bone tissue engineering (BTE) due to their high biocompatibility and biomimetic characteristics. However, for advanced and customized BTE, precise tools for material stabilization and tuning material properties are desired while optimal mineralisation must be ensured. Therefore, reagent-free crosslinking techniques such as high energy electron beam treatment promise effective material modifications without formation of cytotoxic by-products. In the case of the hydrogel gelatin, electron beam crosslinking further induces thermal stability enabling biomedical application at physiological temperatures. In the case of enzymatic mineralisation, induced by Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and mediated by Calcium Glycerophosphate (CaGP), it is necessary to investigate if electron beam treatment before mineralisation has an influence on the enzymatic activity and thus affects the mineralisation process. The presented study investigates electron beam-treated gelatin hydrogels with previously incorporated ALP and successive mineralisation via incubation in a medium containing CaGP. It could be shown that electron beam treatment optimally maintains enzymatic activity of ALP which allows mineralisation. Furthermore, the precise tuning of material properties such as increasing compressive modulus is possible. This study characterizes the mineralised hydrogels in terms of mineral formation and demonstrates the formation of CaP in dependence of ALP concentration and electron dose. Furthermore, investigations of uniaxial compression stability indicate increased compression moduli for mineralised electron beam-treated gelatin hydrogels. In summary, electron beam-treated mineralized gelatin hydrogels reveal good cytocompatibility for MG-63 osteoblast like cells indicating a high potential for BTE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Riedel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (R.K.); (S.G.M.)
- Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (T.E.L.D.)
| | - Daniel Ward
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences (BLS), Faculty of Health and Medicine, Furness College, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; (D.W.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Radmila Kudláčková
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Karolina Mazur
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Engineering, Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Lucie Bačáková
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Jemma G. Kerns
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
| | - Sarah L. Allinson
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences (BLS), Faculty of Health and Medicine, Furness College, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; (D.W.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Lorna Ashton
- Chemistry Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK;
| | - Robert Koniezcny
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (R.K.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Stefan G. Mayr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (R.K.); (S.G.M.)
- Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (T.E.L.D.)
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11
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Kudłacik-Kramarczyk S, Drabczyk A, Głąb M, Alves-Lima D, Lin H, Douglas TEL, Kuciel S, Zagórska A, Tyliszczak B. Investigations on the impact of the introduction of the Aloe vera into the hydrogel matrix on cytotoxic and hydrophilic properties of these systems considered as potential wound dressings. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 123:111977. [PMID: 33812605 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the paper, synthesis of chitosan-based hydrogels modified with Aloe vera juice is presented. The novelty of the research was a combination of hydrogel materials with properties beneficial in viewpoint of their use as modern wound dressings and Aloe vera juice supporting the wound healing process. Hydrogels have been obtained via UV radiation. The impact of the amount of the crosslinking agent as well as the introduction of the Aloe vera juice into the hydrogel matrix has been determined. Performed measurements involved analysis of the swelling ability, characteristics of the surface roughness, determining the release profile of Aloe vera and the contact angles of hydrogels. Furthermore, the analysis of the dehydration process of the polymer membrane, investigations on the cytotoxicity of hydrogels via MTT reduction assay and the neutral red uptake assay as well as the studies on the pro-inflammatory activity have also been performed. It was proved that the addition of Aloe vera juice improves the hydrophilic properties of the materials (e.g. contact angle changed from 82.5° to 73.0°). Next, the use of 25% more of the crosslinker resulted even in the increase of the contact angle by 86%. Modified hydrogels showed higher swelling properties even by 15% than unmodified materials. Furthermore, obtained hydrogels show an ability to release Aloe vera - after 5 h approx. 80% of this additive has been released in an acidic environment. Tested materials do not exhibit cytotoxic properties, the addition of Aloe vera results in an improvement of the viability of L929 murine fibroblasts and, importantly, these materials show lower pro-inflammatory activity than the positive control. Performed investigations allow to state that obtained materials show a great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kudłacik-Kramarczyk
- Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Science, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland.
| | - A Drabczyk
- Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Science, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland.
| | - M Głąb
- Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Science, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland
| | - D Alves-Lima
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - H Lin
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - T E L Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, UK
| | - S Kuciel
- Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Science, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Zagórska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - B Tyliszczak
- Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Science, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland.
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12
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Florkiewicz W, Słota D, Placek A, Pluta K, Tyliszczak B, Douglas TEL, Sobczak-Kupiec A. Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer-Based Coatings Modified with Bioactive Ceramic and Bovine Serum Albumin. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:21. [PMID: 33808394 PMCID: PMC8103286 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study involves the synthesis of hydroxyapatite and describes the preparation and characterization of polymer coatings based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and poly(ethylene glycol) and modified with bovine serum albumin and hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite was obtained by wet chemical synthesis and characterized by X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy, and its Ca/P molar ratio was determined (1.69 ± 0.08). The ceramic and bovine serum albumin were used in the preparation of composite materials with the polymeric matrix. The chemical composition of coatings was characterized with FTIR spectroscopy, and their morphology was recorded with SEM imaging. Moreover, the measurements of surface roughness parameters and stereometric research were performed. The prepared coatings were subjected to in vitro studies in simulated body fluid and artificial saliva. Changes in chemical composition and morphology after immersion were examined with FTIR spectroscopy and SEM imaging. Based on the conducted research, it can be stated that applied modifiers promote the biomineralization process. The roughness analysis confirmed prepared materials were characterized by the micrometer-scale topography. The materials morphology and roughness, and the morphology of the newly formed apatite deposit, were dependent on the type of the used modifier, and the artificial fluid used in in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Florkiewicz
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland; (W.F.); (B.T.); (A.S.-K.)
| | - Dagmara Słota
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland; (W.F.); (B.T.); (A.S.-K.)
| | - Angelika Placek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Klaudia Pluta
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Bożena Tyliszczak
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland; (W.F.); (B.T.); (A.S.-K.)
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Gillow Av., Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
- Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Gillow Av., Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Agnieszka Sobczak-Kupiec
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland; (W.F.); (B.T.); (A.S.-K.)
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13
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Mayorova OA, Jolly BCN, Verkhovskii RA, Plastun VO, Sindeeva OA, Douglas TEL. pH-Sensitive Dairy-Derived Hydrogels with a Prolonged Drug Release Profile for Cancer Treatment. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:749. [PMID: 33562870 PMCID: PMC7915325 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel versatile biocompatible hydrogel of whey protein isolate (WPI) and two types of tannic acid (TAs) was prepared by crosslinking of WPI with TAs in a one-step method at high temperature for 30 min. WPI is one common protein-based preparation which is used for hydrogel formation. The obtained WPI-TA hydrogels were in disc form and retained their integrity after sterilization by autoclaving. Two TA preparations of differing molecular weight and chemical structure were compared, namely a polygalloyl glucose-rich extract-ALSOK 02-and a polygalloyl quinic acid-rich extract-ALSOK 04. Hydrogel formation was observed for WPI solutions containing both preparations. The swelling characteristics of hydrogels were investigated at room temperature at different pH values, namely 5, 7, and 9. The swelling ability of hydrogels was independent of the chemical structure of the added TAs. A trend of decrease of mass increase (MI) in hydrogels was observed with an increase in the TA/WPI ratio compared to the control WPI hydrogel without TA. This dependence (a MI decrease-TA/WPI ratio) was observed for hydrogels with different types of TA both in neutral and acidic conditions (pH 5.7). Under alkaline conditions (pH 9), negative values of swelling were observed for all hydrogels with a high content of TAs and were accompanied by a significant release of TAs from the hydrogel network. Our studies have shown that the release of TA from hydrogels containing ALSOK04 is higher than from hydrogels containing ALSOK 02. Moreover, the addition of TAs, which display a strong anti-cancer effect, increases the cytotoxicity of WPI-TAs hydrogels against the Hep-2 human laryngeal squamous carcinoma (Hep-2 cells) cell line. Thus, WPI-TA hydrogels with prolonged drug release properties and cytotoxicity effect can be used as anti-cancer scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana A. Mayorova
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., 410012 Saratov, Russia; (R.A.V.); (V.O.P.); (O.A.S.)
| | - Ben C. N. Jolly
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Gillow Av., Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
| | - Roman A. Verkhovskii
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., 410012 Saratov, Russia; (R.A.V.); (V.O.P.); (O.A.S.)
| | - Valentina O. Plastun
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., 410012 Saratov, Russia; (R.A.V.); (V.O.P.); (O.A.S.)
| | - Olga A. Sindeeva
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., 410012 Saratov, Russia; (R.A.V.); (V.O.P.); (O.A.S.)
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Building 3, 143026 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Gillow Av., Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
- Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Gillow Av., Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
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14
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Kumari S, Tiyyagura HR, Pottathara YB, Sadasivuni KK, Ponnamma D, Douglas TEL, Skirtach AG, Mohan MK. Surface functionalization of chitosan as a coating material for orthopaedic applications: A comprehensive review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 255:117487. [PMID: 33436247 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metallic implants have dominated the biomedical implant industries for the past century for load-bearing applications, while the polymeric implants have shown great promise for tissue engineering applications. The surface properties of such implants are critical as the interaction of implant surfaces, and the body tissues may lead to unfavourable reactions. Desired implant properties are biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and antibacterial activity. A polymer coating is an efficient and economical way to produce such surfaces. A lot of research has been carried out on chitosan (CS)-modified metallic and polymer scaffolds in the last decade. Different methods such as electrophoretic deposition, sol-gel methods, dip coating and spin coating, electrospinning, etc. have been utilized to produce CS coatings. However, a systematic review of chitosan coatings on scaffolds focussing on widely employed techniques is lacking. This review surveys literature concerning the current status of orthopaedic applications of CS for the purpose of coatings. In this review, the various preparation methods of coating, and the role of the surface functionalities in determining the efficiency of coatings are discussed. Effect of nanoparticle additions on the polymeric interfaces and in regulating the properties of surface coatings are also investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumari
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India; Department of Biotechnology, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Hanuma Reddy Tiyyagura
- Alterno Labs d.o.o, Brnčičeva ulica 29, 1231 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, Maribor SI-2000, Slovenia.
| | - Yasir Beeran Pottathara
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, Maribor SI-2000, Slovenia
| | | | | | | | - Andre G Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - M K Mohan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India.
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15
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Rabe R, Hempel U, Martocq L, Keppler JK, Aveyard J, Douglas TEL. Dairy-Inspired Coatings for Bone Implants from Whey Protein Isolate-Derived Self-Assembled Fibrils. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5544. [PMID: 32756331 PMCID: PMC7432503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the integration of a biomaterial with surrounding tissue, its surface properties may be modified by adsorption of biomacromolecules, e.g., fibrils. Whey protein isolate (WPI), a dairy industry by-product, supports osteoblastic cell growth. WPI's main component, β-lactoglobulin, forms fibrils in acidic solutions. In this study, aiming to develop coatings for biomaterials for bone contact, substrates were coated with WPI fibrils obtained at pH 2 or 3.5. Importantly, WPI fibrils coatings withstood autoclave sterilization and appeared to promote spreading and differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC). In the future, WPI fibrils coatings could facilitate immobilization of biomolecules with growth stimulating or antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rabe
- Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (R.R.); (J.K.K.)
| | - Ute Hempel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Laurine Martocq
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
| | - Julia K. Keppler
- Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (R.R.); (J.K.K.)
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Wageningen University & Research AFSG, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny Aveyard
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK;
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
- Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
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16
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Norris K, Kocot M, Tryba AM, Chai F, Talari A, Ashton L, Parakhonskiy BV, Samal SK, Blanchemain N, Pamuła E, Douglas TEL. Marine-Inspired Enzymatic Mineralization of Dairy-Derived Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18060294. [PMID: 32498225 PMCID: PMC7344948 DOI: 10.3390/md18060294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Whey protein isolate (WPI) is a by-product from the production of cheese and Greek yoghurt comprising β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) (75%). Hydrogels can be produced from WPI solutions through heating; hydrogels can be sterilized by autoclaving. WPI hydrogels have shown cytocompatibility and ability to enhance proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone-forming cells. Hence, they have promise in the area of bone tissue regeneration. In contrast to commonly used ceramic minerals for bone regeneration, a major advantage of hydrogels is the ease of their modification by incorporating biologically active substances such as enzymes. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is the main inorganic component of the exoskeletons of marine invertebrates. Two polymorphs of CaCO3, calcite and aragonite, have shown the ability to promote bone regeneration. Other authors have reported that the addition of magnesium to inorganic phases has a beneficial effect on bone-forming cell growth. In this study, we employed a biomimetic, marine-inspired approach to mineralize WPI hydrogels with an inorganic phase consisting of CaCO3 (mainly calcite) and CaCO3 enriched with magnesium using the calcifying enzyme urease. The novelty of this study lies in both the enzymatic mineralization of WPI hydrogels and enrichment of the mineral with magnesium. Calcium was incorporated into the mineral formed to a greater extent than magnesium. Increasing the concentration of magnesium in the mineralization medium led to a reduction in the amount and crystallinity of the mineral formed. Biological studies revealed that mineralized and unmineralized hydrogels were not cytotoxic and promoted cell viability to comparable extents (approximately 74% of standard tissue culture polystyrene). The presence of magnesium in the mineral formed had no adverse effect on cell viability. In short, WPI hydrogels, both unmineralized and mineralized with CaCO3 and magnesium-enriched CaCO3, show potential as biomaterials for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Norris
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; (A.T.); (T.E.L.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-113-34-38217
| | - Magdalena Kocot
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-962 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.M.T.); (E.P.)
| | - Anna M. Tryba
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-962 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.M.T.); (E.P.)
| | - Feng Chai
- INSERM U1008-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Université de Lille, 59006 Lille, France; (F.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Abdullah Talari
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; (A.T.); (T.E.L.D.)
- Chemistry Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
| | - Lorna Ashton
- Chemistry Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
| | - Bogdan V. Parakhonskiy
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, B-9000 Gent, Belgium;
- Nanotechnology Department, Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Sangram K. Samal
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India;
| | - Nicholas Blanchemain
- INSERM U1008-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Université de Lille, 59006 Lille, France; (F.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Elżbieta Pamuła
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-962 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.M.T.); (E.P.)
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; (A.T.); (T.E.L.D.)
- Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
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17
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Dziadek M, Kudlackova R, Zima A, Slosarczyk A, Ziabka M, Jelen P, Shkarina S, Cecilia A, Zuber M, Baumbach T, Surmeneva MA, Surmenev RA, Bacakova L, Cholewa‐Kowalska K, Douglas TEL. Novel multicomponent organic–inorganic WPI/gelatin/CaP hydrogel composites for bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:2479-2491. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Dziadek
- Department of Glass Technology and Amorphous CoatingsAGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland
- Department of Ceramics and RefractoriesAGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland
- Engineering DepartmentLancaster University Lancaster UK
| | - Radmila Kudlackova
- Engineering DepartmentLancaster University Lancaster UK
- Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Zima
- Department of Ceramics and RefractoriesAGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland
| | - Anna Slosarczyk
- Department of Ceramics and RefractoriesAGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland
| | - Magdalena Ziabka
- Department of Ceramics and RefractoriesAGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland
| | - Piotr Jelen
- Department of Silicate Chemistry and Macromolecular CompoundsAGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland
| | - Svetlana Shkarina
- Research Center Physical Materials Science and Composite MaterialsNational Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Russian Federation
| | - Angelica Cecilia
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron RadiationKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Marcus Zuber
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron RadiationKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron RadiationKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Tilo Baumbach
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron RadiationKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron RadiationKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Maria A. Surmeneva
- Research Center Physical Materials Science and Composite MaterialsNational Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Russian Federation
| | - Roman A. Surmenev
- Research Center Physical Materials Science and Composite MaterialsNational Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Russian Federation
| | - Lucie Bacakova
- Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Katarzyna Cholewa‐Kowalska
- Department of Glass Technology and Amorphous CoatingsAGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering DepartmentLancaster University Lancaster UK
- Materials Science Institute (MSI)Lancaster University Lancaster UK
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18
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Rajzer I, Dziadek M, Kurowska A, Cholewa-Kowalska K, Ziąbka M, Menaszek E, Douglas TEL. Electrospun polycaprolactone membranes with Zn-doped bioglass for nasal tissues treatment. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2019; 30:80. [PMID: 31243558 PMCID: PMC6594984 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6280-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, composite membranes were investigated as future components of a layered implant for the reconstruction of nasal septum. Incorporation of zinc ions into nasal implants could potentially provide antibacterial properties to decrease or eliminate bacterial infections and subsequent surgical complications. Two types of membranes were prepared using an electrospinning method: PCL with bioglass and PCL with bioglass doped with Zn. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of bioglass addition on the morphology, fiber diameter and composition of the membranes. The apatite-forming ability was examined in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). The cytotoxicity of the membranes, ALP activity and in vitro mineralization were evaluated in cell culture. The mineralization and ALP activity was higher for polycaprolactone membranes modified with Zn doped bioglass than compared to pure PCL membranes or control material. The results proved that the presence of Zn2+ in the electrospun membranes = influence the osteogenic differentiation of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Rajzer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Fundamentals, Division of Materials Engineering, ATH University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa 2 street, 43-309, Bielsko-Biała, Poland.
| | - Michał Dziadek
- Department of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Ceramics and Refractories, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kurowska
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Fundamentals, Division of Materials Engineering, ATH University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa 2 street, 43-309, Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Cholewa-Kowalska
- Department of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ziąbka
- Department of Ceramics and Refractories, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Menaszek
- Department of Cytobiology, UJ Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Timothy E L Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
- Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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19
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Saveleva MS, Eftekhari K, Abalymov A, Douglas TEL, Volodkin D, Parakhonskiy BV, Skirtach AG. Hierarchy of Hybrid Materials-The Place of Inorganics- in-Organics in it, Their Composition and Applications. Front Chem 2019; 7:179. [PMID: 31019908 PMCID: PMC6459030 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid materials, or hybrids incorporating both organic and inorganic constituents, are emerging as a very potent and promising class of materials due to the diverse, but complementary nature of the properties inherent of these different classes of materials. The complementarity leads to a perfect synergy of properties of desired material and eventually an end-product. The diversity of resultant properties and materials used in the construction of hybrids, leads to a very broad range of application areas generated by engaging very different research communities. We provide here a general classification of hybrid materials, wherein organics-in-inorganics (inorganic materials modified by organic moieties) are distinguished from inorganics-in-organics (organic materials or matrices modified by inorganic constituents). In the former area, the surface functionalization of colloids is distinguished as a stand-alone sub-area. The latter area-functionalization of organic materials by inorganic additives-is the focus of the current review. Inorganic constituents, often in the form of small particles or structures, are made of minerals, clays, semiconductors, metals, carbons, and ceramics. They are shown to be incorporated into organic matrices, which can be distinguished as two classes: chemical and biological. Chemical organic matrices include coatings, vehicles and capsules assembled into: hydrogels, layer-by-layer assembly, polymer brushes, block co-polymers and other assemblies. Biological organic matrices encompass bio-molecules (lipids, polysaccharides, proteins and enzymes, and nucleic acids) as well as higher level organisms: cells, bacteria, and microorganisms. In addition to providing details of the above classification and analysis of the composition of hybrids, we also highlight some antagonistic yin-&-yang properties of organic and inorganic materials, review applications and provide an outlook to emerging trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia S. Saveleva
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Karaneh Eftekhari
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anatolii Abalymov
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department and Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bogdan V. Parakhonskiy
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andre G. Skirtach
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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20
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Carson M, Keppler JK, Brackman G, Dawood D, Vandrovcova M, Fawzy El-Sayed K, Coenye T, Schwarz K, Clarke SA, Skirtach AG, Douglas TEL. Whey Protein Complexes with Green Tea Polyphenols: Antimicrobial, Osteoblast-Stimulatory, and Antioxidant Activities. Cells Tissues Organs 2019; 206:106-118. [PMID: 30677765 DOI: 10.1159/000494732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are known for their antimicrobial activity, whilst both polyphenols and the globular protein β-lactoglobulin (bLG) are suggested to have antioxidant properties and promote cell proliferation. These are potentially useful properties for a tissue-engineered construct, though it is unknown if they are retained when both compounds are used in combination. In this study, a range of different microbes and an osteoblast-like cell line (human fetal osteoblast, hFOB) were used to assess the combined effect of: (1) green tea extract (GTE), rich in the polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and (2) whey protein isolate (WPI), rich in bLG. It was shown that approximately 20-48% of the EGCG in GTE reacted with WPI. GTE inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, an effect which was potentiated by the addition of WPI. GTE alone also significantly inhibited the growth of hFOB cells after 1, 4, and 7 days of culture. Alternatively, WPI significantly promoted hFOB cell growth in the absence of GTE and attenuated the effect of GTE at low concentrations (64 µg/mL) after 4 and 7 days. Low concentrations of WPI (50 µg/mL) also promoted the expression of the early osteogenic marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by hFOB cells, whereas GTE inhibited ALP activity. Therefore, the antioxidant effects of GTE can be boosted by WPI, but GTE is not suitable to be used as part of a tissue-engineered construct due to its cytotoxic effects which negate any positive effect WPI has on cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Carson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Julia K Keppler
- Division of Food Technology, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gilles Brackman
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel Dawood
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marta Vandrovcova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Karim Fawzy El-Sayed
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.,Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karin Schwarz
- Division of Food Technology, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susan A Clarke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Department of Molecular Biotechology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Timothy E L Douglas
- Department of Molecular Biotechology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, .,Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom, .,Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom,
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21
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Ivanova AA, Syromotina DS, Shkarina S, Shkarin R, Cecilia A, Weinhardt V, Baumbach T, Saveleva MS, Gorin DA, Douglas TEL, Parakhonskiy BV, Skirtach AG, Cools P, De Geyter N, Morent R, Oehr C, Surmeneva MA, Surmenev RA. Effect of low-temperature plasma treatment of electrospun polycaprolactone fibrous scaffolds on calcium carbonate mineralisation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39106-39114. [PMID: 35558295 PMCID: PMC9090650 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07386d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reports on a study of the mineralisation behaviour of CaCO3 deposited on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds preliminarily treated with low-temperature plasma. This work was aimed at developing an approach that improves the wettability and permeability of PCL scaffolds in order to obtain a superior composite coated with highly porous CaCO3, which is a prerequisite for biomedical scaffolds used for drug delivery. Since PCL is a synthetic polymer that lacks functional groups, plasma processing of PCL scaffolds in O2, NH3, and Ar atmospheres enables introduction of highly reactive chemical groups, which influence the interaction between organic and inorganic phases and govern the nucleation, crystal growth, particle morphology, and phase composition of the CaCO3 coating. Our studies showed that the plasma treatment induced the formation of O- and N-containing polar functional groups on the scaffold surface, which caused an increase in the PCL surface hydrophilicity. Mineralisation of the PCL scaffolds was performed by inducing precipitation of CaCO3 particles on the surface of polymer fibres from a mixture of CaCl2- and Na2CO3-saturated solutions. The presence of highly porous vaterite and nonporous calcite crystal phases in the obtained coating was established. Our findings confirmed that preferential growth of the vaterite phase occurred in the O2-plasma-treated PCL scaffold and that the coating formed on this scaffold was smoother and more homogenous than those formed on the untreated PCL scaffold and the Ar- and NH3-plasma-treated PCL scaffolds. A more detailed three-dimensional assessment of the penetration depth of CaCO3 into the PCL scaffold was performed by high-resolution micro-computed tomography. The assessment revealed that O2-plasma treatment of the PCL scaffold caused CaCO3 to nucleate and precipitate much deeper inside the porous structure. From our findings, we conclude that O2-plasma treatment is preferable for PCL scaffold surface modification from the viewpoint of use of the PCL/CaCO3 composite as a drug delivery platform for tissue engineering. This article reports on a study of the mineralisation behaviour of CaCO3 deposited on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds preliminarily treated with low-temperature plasma.![]()
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22
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Douglas TEL, Schietse J, Zima A, Gorodzha S, Parakhonskiy BV, KhaleNkow D, Shkarin R, Ivanova A, Baumbach T, Weinhardt V, Stevens CV, Vanhoorne V, Vervaet C, Balcaen L, Vanhaecke F, Slośarczyk A, Surmeneva MA, Surmenev RA, Skirtach AG. Novel self-gelling injectable hydrogel/alpha-tricalcium phosphate composites for bone regeneration: Physiochemical and microcomputer tomographical characterization. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 106:822-828. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
- Engineering Department; Lancaster University; Lancaster United Kingdom
- Materials Science Institute (MSI); Lancaster University; Lancaster United Kingdom
| | - Josefien Schietse
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Aneta Zima
- Department of Ceramics and Refractories; AGH University of Science and Technology; Kraków Poland
| | - Svetlana Gorodzha
- Department of Experimental Physics; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Tomsk Russia
| | - Bogdan V. Parakhonskiy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
- FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”; Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography; RAS Moscow Russia
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University; Saratov Russia
| | - Dmitry KhaleNkow
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Roman Shkarin
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Anna Ivanova
- FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”; Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography; RAS Moscow Russia
| | - Tilo Baumbach
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Karlsruhe Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Venera Weinhardt
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Karlsruhe Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Karlsruhe Germany
- Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Christian V. Stevens
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Valérie Vanhoorne
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Chris Vervaet
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Lieve Balcaen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Ghent University; Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Ghent University; Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna Slośarczyk
- Engineering Department; Lancaster University; Lancaster United Kingdom
| | - Maria A. Surmeneva
- Department of Experimental Physics; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Tomsk Russia
| | - Roman A. Surmenev
- Department of Experimental Physics; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Tomsk Russia
| | - Andre G. Skirtach
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
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23
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Douglas TEL, Sobczyk K, Łapa A, Włodarczyk K, Brackman G, Vidiasheva I, Reczyńska K, Pietryga K, Schaubroeck D, Bliznuk V, Voort PVD, Declercq HA, Bulcke JVD, Samal SK, Khalenkow D, Parakhonskiy BV, Van Acker J, Coenye T, Lewandowska-Szumieł M, Pamuła E, Skirtach AG. Ca:Mg:Zn:CO
3
and Ca:Mg:CO
3
—tri- and bi-elemental carbonate microparticles for novel injectable self-gelling hydrogel–microparticle composites for tissue regeneration. Biomed Mater 2017; 12:025015. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa6200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Douglas TEL, Łapa A, Reczyńska K, Krok-Borkowicz M, Pietryga K, Samal SK, Declercq HA, Schaubroeck D, Boone M, Van der Voort P, De Schamphelaere K, Stevens CV, Bliznuk V, Balcaen L, Parakhonskiy BV, Vanhaecke F, Cnudde V, Pamuła E, Skirtach AG. Novel injectable, self-gelling hydrogel–microparticle composites for bone regeneration consisting of gellan gum and calcium and magnesium carbonate microparticles. Biomed Mater 2016; 11:065011. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/6/065011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Douglas TEL, Krawczyk G, Pamula E, Declercq HA, Schaubroeck D, Bucko MM, Balcaen L, Van Der Voort P, Bliznuk V, van den Vreken NMF, Dash M, Detsch R, Boccaccini AR, Vanhaecke F, Cornelissen M, Dubruel P. Cover Image, Volume 10, Issue 11. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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Savelyeva MS, Abalymov AA, Lyubun GP, Vidyasheva IV, Yashchenok AM, Douglas TEL, Gorin DA, Parakhonskiy BV. Vaterite coatings on electrospun polymeric fibers for biomedical applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:94-103. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria S. Savelyeva
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystem, Saratov State University; Astrakhanskaya, 83 Saratov 410026 Russia
| | - Anatoly A. Abalymov
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystem, Saratov State University; Astrakhanskaya, 83 Saratov 410026 Russia
| | - German P. Lyubun
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystem, Saratov State University; Astrakhanskaya, 83 Saratov 410026 Russia
| | - Irina V. Vidyasheva
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystem, Saratov State University; Astrakhanskaya, 83 Saratov 410026 Russia
| | - Alexey M. Yashchenok
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystem, Saratov State University; Astrakhanskaya, 83 Saratov 410026 Russia
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Dmitry A. Gorin
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystem, Saratov State University; Astrakhanskaya, 83 Saratov 410026 Russia
- RASA Center in Tomsk; Tomsk Polytechnic University; 634050, Tomsk, Lenin Avenue, 30 Tomsk 634050 Russia
| | - Bogdan V. Parakhonskiy
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystem, Saratov State University; Astrakhanskaya, 83 Saratov 410026 Russia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 Ghent 9000 Belgium
- A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography Russian Academy of Science; Leninskiy prospect 59 Moscow 119333 Russia
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27
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Douglas TEL, Dokupil A, Reczyńska K, Brackman G, Krok-Borkowicz M, Keppler JK, Božič M, Van Der Voort P, Pietryga K, Samal SK, Balcaen L, van den Bulcke J, Van Acker J, Vanhaecke F, Schwarz K, Coenye T, Pamuła E. Enrichment of enzymatically mineralized gellan gum hydrogels with phlorotannin-rich
Ecklonia cava
extract Seanol
®
to endow antibacterial properties and promote mineralization. Biomed Mater 2016; 11:045015. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/4/045015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Gorodzha S, Douglas TEL, Samal SK, Detsch R, Cholewa-Kowalska K, Braeckmans K, Boccaccini AR, Skirtach AG, Weinhardt V, Baumbach T, Surmeneva MA, Surmenev RA. High-resolution synchrotron X-ray analysis of bioglass-enriched hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1194-201. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Gorodzha
- Department of Experimental Physics; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Russia
| | | | - Sangram K. Samal
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University; Belgium
| | - Rainer Detsch
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Cauerstr. 6 Erlangen 91058 Germany
| | - Katarzyna Cholewa-Kowalska
- Department of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings; AGH University of Science and Technology; Krakow Poland
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University; Belgium
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Cauerstr. 6 Erlangen 91058 Germany
| | - Andre G. Skirtach
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology; Coupure Links 653, Ghent University; Belgium
| | - Venera Weinhardt
- Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Tilo Baumbach
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Maria A. Surmeneva
- Department of Experimental Physics; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Russia
| | - Roman A. Surmenev
- Department of Experimental Physics; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Russia
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB; Stuttgart Germany
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29
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Douglas TEL, Krok-Borkowicz M, Macuda A, Pietryga K, Pamuła E. Enrichment of thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels with glycerol and alkaline phosphatase for bone tissue engineering applications. Acta Bioeng Biomech 2016; 18:51-57. [PMID: 27405261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermosensitive injectable chitosan hydrogels can be formed by neutralization of acidic chitosan solutions with sodium betaglycerophosphate (Na-β-GP) coupled with increasing temperature to body temperature. Such hydrogels have been considered for applications in bone regeneration. In this study, chitosan hydrogels were enriched with glycerol and the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) with a view to improving their suitability as materials for bone tissue engineering. Mineral formation was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and increases in the mass fraction of the hydrogel not consisting of water. Incorporation of ALP in hydrogels followed by incubation in a solution containing calcium ions and glycerophosphate, a substrate for ALP, led to formation of calcium phosphate within the hydrogel. MG-63 osteoblast-like cells were cultivated in eluates from hydrogels containing ALP and without ALP at different dilutions and directly on the hydrogel samples. Hydrogels containing ALP exhibited superior cytocompatibility to ALP-free hydrogels. These results pave the way for the use of glycerol- and ALP-enriched hydrogels in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E L Douglas
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Ghent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Małgorzata Krok-Borkowicz
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Macuda
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pietryga
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pamuła
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
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Douglas TEL, Pilarz M, Lopez-Heredia M, Brackman G, Schaubroeck D, Balcaen L, Bliznuk V, Dubruel P, Knabe-Ducheyne C, Vanhaecke F, Coenye T, Pamula E. Composites of gellan gum hydrogel enzymatically mineralized with calcium-zinc phosphate for bone regeneration with antibacterial activity. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1610-1618. [PMID: 26174042 DOI: 10.1002/term.2062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Gellan gum hydrogels functionalized with alkaline phosphatase were enzymatically mineralized with phosphates in mineralization medium containing calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) to improve their suitability as biomaterials for bone regeneration. The aims of the study were to endow mineralized hydrogels with antibacterial activity by incorporation of Zn in the inorganic phase, and to investigate the effect of Zn incorporation on the amount and type of mineral formed, the compressive modulus of the mineralized hydrogels and on their ability to support adhesion and growth of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells. Mineralization medium contained glycerophosphate (0.05 m) and three different molar Ca:Zn ratios, 0.05:0, 0.04:0.01 and 0.025:0.025 (all mol/dm3 ), hereafter referred to as A, B and C, respectively. FTIR, SAED and TEM analysis revealed that incubation for 14 days caused the formation of predominantly amorphous mineral phases in sample groups A, B and C. The presence of Zn in sample groups B and C was associated with a drop in the amount of mineral formed and a smaller mineral deposit morphology, as observed by SEM. ICP-OES revealed that Zn was preferentially incorporated into mineral compared to Ca. Mechanical testing revealed a decrease in compressive modulus in sample group C. Sample groups B and C, but not A, showed antibacterial activity against biofilm-forming, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. All sample groups supported cell growth. Zn incorporation increased the viable cell number. The highest values were seen on sample group C. In conclusion, the sample group containing the most Zn, i.e. group C, appears to be the most promising. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E L Douglas
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Magdalena Pilarz
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marco Lopez-Heredia
- Department of Experimental and Orofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gilles Brackman
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - David Schaubroeck
- Centre for Microsystems Technology (CMST), IMEC, and Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Lieve Balcaen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Vitaliy Bliznuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Christine Knabe-Ducheyne
- Department of Experimental and Orofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Elzbieta Pamula
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
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Dash M, Samal SK, Douglas TEL, Schaubroeck D, Leeuwenburgh SC, Van Der Voort P, Declercq HA, Dubruel P. Enzymatically biomineralized chitosan scaffolds for tissue-engineering applications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1500-1513. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mamoni Dash
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Research Group; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281, S4-Bis B-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Sangram K. Samal
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Research Group; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281, S4-Bis B-9000 Ghent Belgium
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy; Ghent University; Harelbekestraat 72 9000 Ghent Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics; Ghent University; Harelbekestraat 72 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Research Group; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281, S4-Bis B-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - David Schaubroeck
- Centre for Microsystems Technology (CMST); Imec and Ghent University; Technologiepark 914a 9052 Ghent Belgium
| | - Sander C. Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Centre; PO Box 9101 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, COMOC; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S3 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Heidi A. Declercq
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tissue Engineering Group; Ghent University; De Pintelaan 185 (6B3) 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Research Group; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281, S4-Bis B-9000 Ghent Belgium
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Brady MA, Renzing A, Douglas TEL, Liu Q, Wille S, Parizek M, Bacakova L, Kromka A, Jarosova M, Godier G, Warnkel PH. Development of Composite Poly(Lactide-co-Glycolide)- Nanodiamond Scaffolds for Bone Cell Growth. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:1060-1069. [PMID: 26353613 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.9745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There are relatively few nanotechnologies that can produce nanocomposite scaffolds for cell growth. Electrospinning has emerged as the foremost method of producing nanofibrous biomimetic scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. In this study diamond nanoparticles were integrated into a polymer solution to develop a nanocomposite scaffold containing poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) loaded with diamond nanoparticles. To investigate the effect of adding diamond nanoparticles to PLGA scaffolds, primary human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were seeded on the scaffolds. The cytocompatibility results showed that addition of diamond nanoparticles did not impinge upon cell proliferation, nor was there a cytotoxic cellular response after 9 days in culture. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and confocal microscopy enabled qualitative characterization of the fibres and revealed cell morphology and number. Furthermore, surface roughness was measured to evaluate diamond nanoparticle modifications, and no significant difference was found between the diamond nanocomposite and pure polymer scaffolds. On the other hand, bright spots on phase images performed by atomic force microscopy suggested a higher hardness at certain points on fibers of the PLGA-nanodiamond composites, which was supported by nanoindentation measurements. This study shows that PLGA nanofibers can be reinforced with nanodiamond without adversely affecting cell behaviour, and thus it sets the foundation for future application of these scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.
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Douglas TEL, Piwowarczyk W, Pamula E, Liskova J, Schaubroeck D, Leeuwenburgh SCG, Brackman G, Balcaen L, Detsch R, Declercq H, Cholewa-Kowalska K, Dokupil A, Cuijpers VMJI, Vanhaecke F, Cornelissen R, Coenye T, Boccaccini AR, Dubruel P. Injectable self-gelling composites for bone tissue engineering based on gellan gum hydrogel enriched with different bioglasses. Biomed Mater 2014; 9:045014. [PMID: 25065649 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/9/4/045014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels of biocompatible calcium-crosslinkable polysaccharide gellan gum (GG) were enriched with bioglass particles to enhance (i) mineralization with calcium phosphate (CaP); (ii) antibacterial properties and (iii) growth of bone-forming cells for future bone regeneration applications. Three bioglasses were compared, namely one calcium-rich and one calcium-poor preparation both produced by a sol-gel technique (hereafter referred to as A2 and S2, respectively) and one preparation of composition close to that of the commonly used 45S5 type (hereafter referred to as NBG). Incubation in SBF for 7 d, 14 d and 21 d caused apatite formation in bioglass-containing but not in bioglass-free samples, as confirmed by FTIR, XRD, SEM, ICP-OES, and measurements of dry mass, i.e. mass attributable to polymer and mineral and not water. Mechanical testing revealed an increase in compressive modulus in samples containing S2 and NBG but not A2. Antibacterial testing using biofilm-forming meticillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) showed markedly higher antibacterial activity of samples containing A2 and S2 than samples containing NBG and bioglass-free samples. Cell biological characterization using rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) revealed a stimulatory effect of NBG on rMSC differentiation. The addition of bioglass thus promotes GG mineralizability and, depending on bioglass type, antibacterial properties and rMSC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E L Douglas
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Mróz W, Budner B, Syroka R, Niedzielski K, Golański G, Slósarczyk A, Schwarze D, Douglas TEL. In vivoimplantation of porous titanium alloy implants coated with magnesium-doped octacalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite thin films using pulsed laser depostion. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 103:151-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Mróz
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology; 00-908 Warsaw Poland
| | - Bogusław Budner
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology; 00-908 Warsaw Poland
| | - Renata Syroka
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology; 00-908 Warsaw Poland
| | - Kryspin Niedzielski
- Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute; 93-338 Łódź Poland
| | - Grzegorz Golański
- Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute; 93-338 Łódź Poland
| | - Anna Slósarczyk
- Faculty of Material Science and Ceramics; AGH University of Science and Technology; 30-059 Kraków Poland
| | - Dieter Schwarze
- SLM Solutions GmbH; Roggenhorster Straße 9c; 23556 Lübeck Germany
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen; 6500 HB Nijmegen the Netherlands
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Vandrovcova M, Douglas TEL, Heinemann S, Scharnweber D, Dubruel P, Bacakova L. Collagen-lactoferrin fibrillar coatings enhance osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:525-33. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vandrovcova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering; Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4 Czech Republic
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Sascha Heinemann
- Biomimetic Materials and Biomaterial Analytics Group, Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials; Technische Universität Dresden; Budapester Strasse 27 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Biomaterial Development Group, Institute of Material Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials; Technische Universität Dresden; Budapester Strasse 27 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Lucie Bacakova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering; Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4 Czech Republic
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Douglas TEL, Krawczyk G, Pamula E, Declercq HA, Schaubroeck D, Bucko MM, Balcaen L, Van Der Voort P, Bliznuk V, van den Vreken NMF, Dash M, Detsch R, Boccaccini AR, Vanhaecke F, Cornelissen M, Dubruel P. Generation of composites for bone tissue-engineering applications consisting of gellan gum hydrogels mineralized with calcium and magnesium phosphate phases by enzymatic means. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 10:938-954. [PMID: 24616374 DOI: 10.1002/term.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mineralization of hydrogels, desirable for bone regeneration applications, may be achieved enzymatically by incorporation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). ALP-loaded gellan gum (GG) hydrogels were mineralized by incubation in mineralization media containing calcium and/or magnesium glycerophosphate (CaGP, MgGP). Mineralization media with CaGP:MgGP concentrations 0.1:0, 0.075:0.025, 0.05:0.05, 0.025:0.075 and 0:0.1 (all values mol/dm3 , denoted A, B, C, D and E, respectively) were compared. Mineral formation was confirmed by IR and Raman, SEM, ICP-OES, XRD, TEM, SAED, TGA and increases in the the mass fraction of the hydrogel not consisting of water. Ca was incorporated into mineral to a greater extent than Mg in samples mineralized in media A-D. Mg content and amorphicity of mineral formed increased in the order A < B < C < D. Mineral formed in media A and B was calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA). Mineral formed in medium C was a combination of CDHA and an amorphous phase. Mineral formed in medium D was an amorphous phase. Mineral formed in medium E was a combination of crystalline and amorphous MgP. Young's moduli and storage moduli decreased in dependence of mineralization medium in the order A > B > C > D, but were significantly higher for samples mineralized in medium E. The attachment and vitality of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were higher on samples mineralized in media B-E (containing Mg) than in those mineralized in medium A (not containing Mg). All samples underwent degradation and supported the adhesion of RAW 264.7 monocytic cells, and samples mineralized in media A and B supported osteoclast-like cell formation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E L Douglas
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Grzegorz Krawczyk
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Pamula
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Heidi A Declercq
- Department of Basic Medical Science - Histology Group, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - David Schaubroeck
- Centre for Microsystems Technology (CMST), ELIS, Imec, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miroslaw M Bucko
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Lieve Balcaen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Belgium
| | | | - Vitaliy Bliznuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | | | - Mamoni Dash
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Rainer Detsch
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials (WW7), University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials (WW7), University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Maria Cornelissen
- Department of Basic Medical Science - Histology Group, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University, Belgium
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Gassling V, Douglas TEL, Purcz N, Schaubroeck D, Balcaen L, Bliznuk V, Declercq HA, Vanhaecke F, Dubruel P. Magnesium-enhanced enzymatically mineralized platelet-rich fibrin for bone regeneration applications. Biomed Mater 2013; 8:055001. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/8/5/055001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Karewicz A, Zasada K, Bielska D, Douglas TEL, Jansen JA, Leeuwenburgh SCG, Nowakowska M. Alginate-hydroxypropylcellulose hydrogel microbeads for alkaline phosphatase encapsulation. J Microencapsul 2013; 31:68-76. [PMID: 23834314 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2013.805841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in using proteins as therapeutics agents. Unfortunately, they suffer from limited stability and bioavailability. We aimed to develop a new delivery system for proteins. ALP, a model protein, was successfully encapsulated in the physically cross-linked sodium alginate/hydroxypropylcellulose (ALG-HPC) hydrogel microparticles. The obtained objects had regular, spherical shape and a diameter of ∼4 µm, as confirmed by optical microscopy and SEM analysis. The properties of the obtained microbeads could be controlled by temperature and additional coating or crosslinking procedures. The slow, sustained release of ALP in its active form with no initial burst effect was observed for chitosan-coated microspheres at pH = 7.4 and 37 °C. Activity of ALP released from ALG/HPC microspheres was confirmed by the occurance of effectively induced mineralization. SEM and AFM images revealed formation of the interpenetrated three-dimensional network of mineral, originating from the microbeads' surfaces. FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed formation of hydroxyapatite.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , 30-060 Kraków, Ingardena 3 , Poland
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Douglas TEL, Wlodarczyk M, Pamula E, Declercq HA, de Mulder ELW, Bucko MM, Balcaen L, Vanhaecke F, Cornelissen R, Dubruel P, Jansen JA, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Enzymatic mineralization of gellan gum hydrogel for bone tissue-engineering applications and its enhancement by polydopamine. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 8:906-18. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- TEL Douglas
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center; P.O. Box 9101 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - M Wlodarczyk
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics; AGH - University of Science and Technology; Krakow Poland
| | - E Pamula
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics; AGH - University of Science and Technology; Krakow Poland
| | - HA Declercq
- Department of Basic Medical Science - Histology Group; Ghent University; De Pintelaan 185 (6B3) 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - ELW de Mulder
- Department of Orthopedics; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center; The Netherlands
| | - MM Bucko
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics; AGH - University of Science and Technology; Krakow Poland
| | - L Balcaen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S12 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - F Vanhaecke
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S12 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - R Cornelissen
- Department of Basic Medical Science - Histology Group; Ghent University; De Pintelaan 185 (6B3) 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - P Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials (PBM) Group, Department of Organic Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - JA Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center; P.O. Box 9101 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - SCG Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center; P.O. Box 9101 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
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Douglas TEL, Messersmith PB, Chasan S, Mikos AG, de Mulder ELW, Dickson G, Schaubroeck D, Balcaen L, Vanhaecke F, Dubruel P, Jansen JA, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Enzymatic mineralization of hydrogels for bone tissue engineering by incorporation of alkaline phosphatase. Macromol Biosci 2012; 12:1077-89. [PMID: 22648976 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an enzyme involved in mineralization of bone, is incorporated into three hydrogel biomaterials to induce their mineralization with calcium phosphate (CaP). These are collagen type I, a mussel-protein-inspired adhesive consisting of PEG substituted with catechol groups, cPEG, and the PEG/fumaric acid copolymer OPF. After incubation in Ca-GP solution, FTIR, EDS, SEM, XRD, SAED, ICP-OES, and von Kossa staining confirm CaP formation. The amount of mineral formed decreases in the order cPEG > collagen > OPF. The mineral:polymer ratio decreases in the order collagen > cPEG > OPF. Mineralization increases Young's modulus, most profoundly for cPEG. Such enzymatically mineralized hydrogel/CaP composites may find application as bone regeneration materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E L Douglas
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Parizek M, Douglas TEL, Novotna K, Kromka A, Brady MA, Renzing A, Voss E, Jarosova M, Palatinus L, Tesarek P, Ryparova P, Lisa V, dos Santos AM, Warnke PH, Bacakova L. Nanofibrous poly(lactide-co-glycolide) membranes loaded with diamond nanoparticles as promising substrates for bone tissue engineering. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:1931-51. [PMID: 22619532 PMCID: PMC3356197 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s26665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanofibrous scaffolds loaded with bioactive nanoparticles are promising materials for bone tissue engineering. METHODS In this study, composite nanofibrous membranes containing a copolymer of L-lactide and glycolide (PLGA) and diamond nanoparticles were fabricated by an electrospinning technique. PLGA was dissolved in a mixture of methylene chloride and dimethyl formamide (2:3) at a concentration of 2.3 wt%, and nanodiamond (ND) powder was added at a concentration of 0.7 wt% (about 23 wt% in dry PLGA). RESULTS In the composite scaffolds, the ND particles were either arranged like beads in the central part of the fibers or formed clusters protruding from the fibers. In the PLGA-ND membranes, the fibers were thicker (diameter 270 ± 9 nm) than in pure PLGA meshes (diameter 218 ± 4 nm), but the areas of pores among these fibers were smaller than in pure PLGA samples (0.46 ± 0.02 μm(2) versus 1.28 ± 0.09 μm(2) in pure PLGA samples). The PLGA-ND membranes showed higher mechanical resistance, as demonstrated by rupture tests of load and deflection of rupture probe at failure. Both types of membranes enabled the attachment, spreading, and subsequent proliferation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells to a similar extent, although these values were usually lower than on polystyrene dishes. Nevertheless, the cells on both types of membranes were polygonal or spindle-like in shape, and were distributed homogeneously on the samples. From days 1-7 after seeding, their number rose continuously, and at the end of the experiment, these cells were able to create a confluent layer. At the same time, the cell viability, evaluated by a LIVE/DEAD viability/cytotoxicity kit, ranged from 92% to 97% on both types of membranes. In addition, on PLGA-ND membranes, the cells formed well developed talin-containing focal adhesion plaques. As estimated by the determination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in the culture medium and concentration of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, MG-63 cells, and RAW 264.7 macrophages on these membranes did not show considerable inflammatory activity. CONCLUSION This study shows that nanofibrous PLGA membranes loaded with diamond nanoparticles have interesting potential for use in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Parizek
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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Douglas TEL, Gassling V, Declercq HA, Purcz N, Pamula E, Haugen HJ, Chasan S, de Mulder ELW, Jansen JA, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Enzymatically induced mineralization of platelet-rich fibrin. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:1335-46. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Abstract
Hydrogels are an important class of highly hydrated polymers that are widely investigated for potential use in soft tissue engineering. Generally, however, hydrogels lack the ability to mineralize, preventing the formation of chemical bonds with hard tissues such as bone. A recent trend in tissue engineering involves the development of hydrogels that possess the capacity to mineralize. The strategy that has attracted most interest has been the incorporation of inorganic phases such as calcium phosphate ceramics and bioglasses into hydrogel matrices. These inorganic particles act as nucleation sites that enable further mineralization, thus improving the mechanical properties of the composite material. A second route to create nucleation sites for calcification of hydrogels involves the use of features from the physiological mineralization process. Examples of these biomimetic mineralization strategies include (1) soaking of hydrogels in solutions that are saturated with respect to calcium phosphate, (2) incorporation of enzymes that catalyze deposition of bone mineral, and (3) incorporation of synthetic analogues to matrix vesicles that are the initial sites of biomineralization. Functionalization of the polymeric hydrogel backbone with negatively charged groups is a third mechanism to promote mineralization in otherwise inert hydrogels. This review summarizes the main strategies that have been developed in the past decade to calcify hydrogel matrices and render these hydrogels suitable for applications in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Gkioni
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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