1
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Grassmann F, Mälarstig A, Dahl L, Bendes A, Dale M, Thomas CE, Gabrielsson M, Hedman ÅK, Eriksson M, Margolin S, Huang TH, Ulfstedt M, Forsberg S, Eriksson P, Johansson M, Hall P, Schwenk JM, Czene K. The impact of circulating protein levels identified by affinity proteomics on short-term, overall breast cancer risk. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:620-627. [PMID: 38135714 PMCID: PMC10876928 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02541-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current breast cancer risk prediction scores and algorithms can potentially be further improved by including molecular markers. To this end, we studied the association of circulating plasma proteins using Proximity Extension Assay (PEA) with incident breast cancer risk. SUBJECTS In this study, we included 1577 women participating in the prospective KARMA mammographic screening cohort. RESULTS In a targeted panel of 164 proteins, we found 8 candidates nominally significantly associated with short-term breast cancer risk (P < 0.05). Similarly, in an exploratory panel consisting of 2204 proteins, 115 were found nominally significantly associated (P < 0.05). However, none of the identified protein levels remained significant after adjustment for multiple testing. This lack of statistically significant findings was not due to limited power, but attributable to the small effect sizes observed even for nominally significant proteins. Similarly, adding plasma protein levels to established risk factors did not improve breast cancer risk prediction accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the levels of the studied plasma proteins captured by the PEA method are unlikely to offer additional benefits for risk prediction of short-term overall breast cancer risk but could provide interesting insights into the biological basis of breast cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Grassmann
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Institute for Clinical Research and Systems Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Anders Mälarstig
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leo Dahl
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Annika Bendes
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Matilda Dale
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engel Thomas
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Marike Gabrielsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa K Hedman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Per Eriksson
- Olink Proteomics, Uppsala Science Park, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Begg LR, Orriols AM, Zannikou M, Yeh C, Vadlamani P, Kanojia D, Bolin R, Dunne SF, Balakrishnan S, Camarda R, Roth D, Zielinski-Mozny NA, Yau C, Vassilopoulos A, Huang TH, Kim KYA, Horiuchi D. S100A8/A9 predicts response to PIM kinase and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer mouse models. Commun Med (Lond) 2024; 4:22. [PMID: 38378783 PMCID: PMC10879183 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding why some triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients respond poorly to existing therapies while others respond well remains a challenge. This study aims to understand the potential underlying mechanisms distinguishing early-stage TNBC tumors that respond to clinical intervention from non-responders, as well as to identify clinically viable therapeutic strategies, specifically for TNBC patients who may not benefit from existing therapies. METHODS We conducted retrospective bioinformatics analysis of historical gene expression datasets to identify a group of genes whose expression levels in early-stage tumors predict poor clinical outcomes in TNBC. In vitro small-molecule screening, genetic manipulation, and drug treatment in syngeneic mouse models of TNBC were utilized to investigate potential therapeutic strategies and elucidate mechanisms of drug action. RESULTS Our bioinformatics analysis reveals a robust association between increased expression of immunosuppressive cytokine S100A8/A9 in early-stage tumors and subsequent disease progression in TNBC. A targeted small-molecule screen identifies PIM kinase inhibitors as capable of decreasing S100A8/A9 expression in multiple cell types, including TNBC and immunosuppressive myeloid cells. Combining PIM inhibition and immune checkpoint blockade induces significant antitumor responses, especially in otherwise resistant S100A8/A9-high PD-1/PD-L1-positive tumors. Notably, serum S100A8/A9 levels mirror those of tumor S100A8/A9 in a syngeneic mouse model of TNBC. CONCLUSIONS Our data propose S100A8/A9 as a potential predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarker in clinical trials evaluating combination therapy targeting PIM and immune checkpoints in TNBC. This work encourages the development of S100A8/A9-based liquid biopsy tests for treatment guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R Begg
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adrienne M Orriols
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Markella Zannikou
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chen Yeh
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Biostatistics Collaboration Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Deepak Kanojia
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Mythic Therapeutics, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Rosemary Bolin
- Center for Comparative Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Sara F Dunne
- High Throughput Analysis Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sanjeev Balakrishnan
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Pulze.ai, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roman Camarda
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Novo Ventures US, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Diane Roth
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicolette A Zielinski-Mozny
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Comparative Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christina Yau
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Athanassios Vassilopoulos
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kwang-Youn A Kim
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Biostatistics Collaboration Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dai Horiuchi
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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3
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Ji C, Kuang B, Buetow BS, Vitsky A, Xu Y, Huang TH, Chaparro-Riggers J, Kraynov E, Matsumoto D. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity of a PD-1-targeted IL-15 in cynomolgus monkeys. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298240. [PMID: 38315680 PMCID: PMC10843171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PF-07209960 is a novel bispecific fusion protein composed of an anti-PD-1 antibody and engineered IL-15 cytokine mutein with reduced binding affinity to its receptors. The pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and toxicity of PF-07209960 were evaluated following once every other week subcutaneous (SC) or intravenous (IV) administration to cynomolgus monkeys in a repeat-dose PKPD (0.01-0.3 mg/kg/dose) and GLP toxicity study (0.1-3 mg/kg/dose). PF-07209960 showed dose dependent pharmacokinetics with a terminal T1/2 of 8 and 13 hours following IV administration at 0.03 and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively. The clearance is faster than a typical IgG1 antibody. Slightly faster clearance was also observed following the second dose, likely due to increased target pool and formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). Despite a high incidence rate of ADA (92%) observed in GLP toxicity study, PD-1 receptor occupancy, IL-15 signaling (STAT5 phosphorylation) and T cell expansion were comparable following the first and second doses. Activation and proliferation of T cells were observed with largest increase in cell numbers found in gamma delta T cells, followed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and then NK cells. Release of cytokines IL-6, IFNγ, and IL-10 were detected, which peaked at 72 hours postdose. There was PF-07209960-related mortality at ≥1 mg/kg. At scheduled necropsy, microscopic findings were generalized mononuclear infiltration in various tissues. Both the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) and the highest non severely toxic dose (HNSTD) were determined to be 0.3 mg/kg/dose, which corresponded to mean Cmax and AUC48 values of 1.15 μg/mL and 37.9 μg*h/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhua Ji
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Bing Kuang
- Biomedical Design, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Bernard S. Buetow
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Allison Vitsky
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Yuanming Xu
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | | | - Eugenia Kraynov
- Biomedical Design, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Diane Matsumoto
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, United States of America
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4
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Hong JS, You WC, Sun MH, Pan HC, Lin YH, Lu YF, Chen KM, Huang TH, Lee WK, Wu YT. Deep Learning Detection and Segmentation of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation on Magnetic Resonance Angiography. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:587-598. [PMID: 37220191 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The delineation of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) is crucial for subsequent treatment planning. Manual segmentation is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Applying deep learning to automatically detect and segment bAVM might help to improve clinical practice efficiency. PURPOSE To develop an approach for detecting bAVM and segmenting its nidus on Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography using deep learning methods. STUDY TYPE Retrospective. SUBJECTS 221 bAVM patients aged 7-79 underwent radiosurgery from 2003 to 2020. They were split into 177 training, 22 validation, and 22 test data. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 1.5 T, Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography based on 3D gradient echo. ASSESSMENT The YOLOv5 and YOLOv8 algorithms were utilized to detect bAVM lesions and the U-Net and U-Net++ models to segment the nidus from the bounding boxes. The mean average precision, F1, precision, and recall were used to assess the model performance on the bAVM detection. To evaluate the model's performance on nidus segmentation, the Dice coefficient and balanced average Hausdorff distance (rbAHD) were employed. STATISTICAL TESTS The Student's t-test was used to test the cross-validation results (P < 0.05). The Wilcoxon rank test was applied to compare the median for the reference values and the model inference results (P < 0.05). RESULTS The detection results demonstrated that the model with pretraining and augmentation performed optimally. The U-Net++ with random dilation mechanism resulted in higher Dice and lower rbAHD, compared to that without that mechanism, across varying dilated bounding box conditions (P < 0.05). When combining detection and segmentation, the Dice and rbAHD were statistically different from the references calculated using the detected bounding boxes (P < 0.05). For the detected lesions in the test dataset, it showed the highest Dice of 0.82 and the lowest rbAHD of 5.3%. DATA CONCLUSION This study showed that pretraining and data augmentation improved YOLO detection performance. Properly limiting lesion ranges allows for adequate bAVM segmentation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Sheng Hong
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112, Taiwan
| | - Weir-Chiang You
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chuan Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Fa Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ming Chen
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kai Lee
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112, Taiwan
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5
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Mälarstig A, Grassmann F, Dahl L, Dimitriou M, McLeod D, Gabrielson M, Smith-Byrne K, Thomas CE, Huang TH, Forsberg SKG, Eriksson P, Ulfstedt M, Johansson M, Sokolov AV, Schiöth HB, Hall P, Schwenk JM, Czene K, Hedman ÅK. Evaluation of circulating plasma proteins in breast cancer using Mendelian randomisation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7680. [PMID: 37996402 PMCID: PMC10667261 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer may complement population screening approaches to enable earlier and more precise treatment. The blood proteome is an important source for biomarker discovery but so far, few proteins have been identified with breast cancer risk. Here, we measure 2929 unique proteins in plasma from 598 women selected from the Karolinska Mammography Project to explore the association between protein levels, clinical characteristics, and gene variants, and to identify proteins with a causal role in breast cancer. We present 812 cis-acting protein quantitative trait loci for 737 proteins which are used as instruments in Mendelian randomisation analyses of breast cancer risk. Of those, we present five proteins (CD160, DNPH1, LAYN, LRRC37A2 and TLR1) that show a potential causal role in breast cancer risk with confirmatory results in independent cohorts. Our study suggests that these proteins should be further explored as biomarkers and potential drug targets in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Mälarstig
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Pfizer Worldwide Research Development and Medical, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Felix Grassmann
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Clinical Research and Systems Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Leo Dahl
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Marios Dimitriou
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pfizer Worldwide Research Development and Medical, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dianna McLeod
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marike Gabrielson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karl Smith-Byrne
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cecilia E Thomas
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Pfizer Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Aleksandr V Sokolov
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa K Hedman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pfizer Worldwide Research Development and Medical, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Venturutti L, Russo RIC, Rivas MA, Mercogliano MF, Izzo F, Oakley RH, Pereyra MG, De Martino M, Proietti CJ, Yankilevich P, Roa JC, Guzmán P, Cortese E, Allemand DH, Huang TH, Charreau EH, Cidlowski JA, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV. Correction: MiR-16 mediates trastuzumab and lapatinib response in ErbB-2-positive breast and gastric cancer via its novel targets CCNJ and FUBP1. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02870-9. [PMID: 37978227 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02870-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Venturutti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R I Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M A Rivas
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - M F Mercogliano
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Izzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R H Oakley
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - M G Pereyra
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital General de Agudos 'Juan A Fernández', Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M De Martino
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C J Proietti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P Yankilevich
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires, CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J C Roa
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Guzmán
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - E Cortese
- Servicio de Ginecología, Hospital Aeronáutico Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D H Allemand
- Unidad de Patología Mamaria, Hospital General de Agudos 'Juan A Fernández', Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - T H Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine/Institute of Biotechnology, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - E H Charreau
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J A Cidlowski
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - R Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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7
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Roger Chen YH, Lee WC, Liu BC, Yang PC, Ho CC, Hwang JS, Huang TH, Lin HH, Lo WC. Quantifying the potential effects of air pollution reduction on population health and health expenditure in Taiwan. Environ Pollut 2023; 336:122405. [PMID: 37597736 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution, particularly ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution, poses a significant risk to public health, underscoring the importance of comprehending the long-term impact on health burden and expenditure at national and subnational levels. Therefore, this study aims to quantify the disease burden and healthcare expenditure associated with PM2.5 exposure in Taiwan and assess the potential benefits of reducing pollution levels. Using a comparative risk assessment framework that integrates an auto-aggressive integrated moving average model, we evaluated the avoidable burden of cardiopulmonary diseases (including ischemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and diabetes mellitus) and related healthcare expenditure under different air quality target scenarios, including status quo and target scenarios of 15, 10, and 5 μg/m3 reduction in PM2.5 concentration. Our findings indicate that reducing PM2.5 exposure has the potential to significantly alleviate the burden of multiple diseases. Comparing the estimated attributable disease burden and healthcare expenditure between reference and target scenarios from 2022 to 2050, the avoidable disability-adjusted life years were 0.61, 1.83, and 3.19 million for the 15, 10, and 5 μg/m3 target scenarios, respectively. Correspondingly, avoidable healthcare expenditure ranged from US$ 0.63 to 3.67 billion. We also highlighted the unequal allocation of resources and the need for policy interventions to address health disparities due to air pollution. Notably, in the 5 μg/m3 target scenario, Kaohsiung City stands to benefit the most, with 527,368 disability-adjusted life years avoided and US$ 0.53 billion saved from 2022 to 2050. Our findings suggest that adopting stricter emission targets can effectively reduce the health burden and associated healthcare expenditure in Taiwan. Overall, this study provides policymakers in Taiwan with valuable insights for mitigating the negative effects of air pollution by establishing a comprehensive framework for evaluating the co-benefits of air pollution reduction on healthcare expenditure and disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Roger Chen
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Lee
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Chen Liu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chieh Yang
- Department of Industrial Economics, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Ho
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; AbbVie Inc. North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hsien-Ho Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Lo
- Master Program in Applied Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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8
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Dai J, Zhou FX, Xu H, Jiang CQ, Wang WB, Jiang HG, Wang QY, Wang Y, Xia L, Wu H, Peng J, Wei Y, Luo M, Tang F, Yang L, Hu H, Huang TH, Jiang DZ, Wang DJ, Wang XY. Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Vitamin C Combined with Total Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (HCCSC R02 Study). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e291-e292. [PMID: 37785075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Forpatients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), the standard treatment is fluoropyrimidine (FU) -based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) combined with curative surgery. The CAO/ARO/AIO-04 trial and FORWARC trial reported that the addition of oxaliplatin to FU -based NCRT contributed to improve pathologic complete response (pCR), nevertheless, increased the acute therapeutic toxicity. Some studies showed that vitamin C (VitC) had potential benefits on anti-tumor therapy and anti-inflammatory response. Therefore, we conducted this HCCSC R02 study to explore the efficacy and safety of adding a high-dose intravenous VitC to mFOLFOX6/XELOX -based NCRT in LARC. MATERIALS/METHODS HCCSCR02 study was designed as a prospective, single-center phase II trial, which including pts aged 18-75 years with stage II/III rectal adenocarcinoma, distance from anus ≤12cm. The enrollment criteria included: staged with MRI as cT3/cT4 or cN1/2, or mesorectal fascia involvement (MRF+), or difficult to preserve the anus. Patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme(G6PD) deficiency were excluded. Pelvic intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was given in 45-50.4Gy/25-28 fractions. Concurrently, two cycles of chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6 or XELOX) were administered during IMRT, as well as intravenous VitC (24g) delivered daily after the end of each radiation therapy. Additional 2-3 cycles of mFOLFOX6 / XELOX were adopted between the completion of radiotherapy and surgery. The primary endpoint was pCR rate. The secondary endpoints included radiation-related toxicities, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). This study is still recruiting. RESULTS From May 15, 2021 to Feb 8, 2023, 19 pts were recruited and finished all the scheduled NCRT, of which the proportion of cT4, cT3, cN2, cN1 were 31.6%, 63.2%, 52.6%, 36.8%, respectively. In addition, 10 pts (52.6%) were diagnosed as MRF+ initially, and 8 pts (42.1%) had a lower primary tumor(≤5cm) who were considered difficult for anal preservation before NCRT. All subjects enrolled were confirmed to be proficient mismatch repair (pMMR). As a result, 18 pts underwent a total mesorectal excision (TME) all with R0-resection, and 8 pts were evaluated as pCR (44.4%, 8/18, confidence interval: 0.246-0.663), 11 as major pathological response rate (MPR) (61.6%, 11/18), respectively. The anus preservation rate in patients with lower diseases was 87.5% (7/8). One case accepted a watch-and-wait strategy because of clinical complete response (cCR). Overall, grade 3 toxicities were observed in 4 pts, including 3 leucopenia (15.8%, 3/19), 2 neutropenia (10.5%, 2/19) and 1 diarrhea (5.3%, 1/19). No grade 4 adverse event was observed. CONCLUSION The addition of high-dose VitC to the mFOLFOX6/XELOX-based NCRT in LARC showed a promising pCR, well tolerance, particularly low rate of diarrhea, thus warrants further investigation. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION NCT04801511.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dai
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - F X Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Xu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - C Q Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Low Rectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W B Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - H G Jiang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Q Y Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - L Xia
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Wu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - J Peng
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Wei
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - M Luo
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - F Tang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - L Yang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Hu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Low Rectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - T H Huang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - D Z Jiang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - D J Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - X Y Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Begg LR, Orriols AM, Zannikou M, Yeh C, Vadlamani P, Kanojia D, Bolin R, Dunne SF, Balakrishnan S, Camarda R, Roth D, Zielinski-Mozny NA, Yau C, Vassilopoulos A, Huang TH, Kim KYA, Horiuchi D. S100A8/A9 predicts triple-negative breast cancer response to PIM kinase and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.21.558870. [PMID: 37790346 PMCID: PMC10542194 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.21.558870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
It remains elusive why some triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients respond poorly to existing therapies while others respond well. Our retrospective analysis of historical gene expression datasets reveals that increased expression of immunosuppressive cytokine S100A8/A9 in early-stage tumors is robustly associated with subsequent disease progression in TNBC. Although it has recently gained recognition as a potential anticancer target, S100A8/A9 has not been integrated into clinical study designs evaluating molecularly targeted therapies. Our small molecule screen has identified PIM kinase inhibitors as capable of decreasing S100A8/A9 expression in multiple cell types, including TNBC and immunosuppressive myeloid cells. Furthermore, combining PIM inhibition and immune checkpoint blockade induces significant antitumor responses, especially in otherwise resistant S100A8/A9-high PD-1/PD-L1-positive tumors. Importantly, serum S100A8/A9 levels mirror those of tumor S100A8/A9 in a syngeneic mouse model of TNBC. Thus, our data suggest that S100A8/A9 could be a predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarker in clinical trials evaluating combination therapy targeting PIM and immune checkpoints in TNBC and encourage the development of S100A8/A9-based liquid biopsy tests.
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10
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Huang TH, Lin YS, Hsiao CW, Wang LY, Ajibola MI, Abdulmajeed WI, Lin YL, Li YJ, Chen CY, Lien CC, Chiu CD, Cheng IHJ. Differential expression of GABA A receptor subunits δ and α6 mediates tonic inhibition in parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons in the mouse hippocampus. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1146278. [PMID: 37545878 PMCID: PMC10397515 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1146278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic interneurons mediate inhibition in neuronal circuitry and support normal brain function. Consequently, dysregulation of inhibition is implicated in various brain disorders. Parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SST) interneurons, the two major types of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons in the hippocampus, exhibit distinct morpho-physiological properties and coordinate information processing and memory formation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the specialized properties of PV and SST interneurons remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the transcriptomic differences between these two classes of interneurons in the hippocampus using the ribosome tagging approach. The results revealed distinct expressions of genes such as voltage-gated ion channels and GABAA receptor subunits between PV and SST interneurons. Gabrd and Gabra6 were identified as contributors to the contrasting tonic GABAergic inhibition observed in PV and SST interneurons. Moreover, some of the differentially expressed genes were associated with schizophrenia and epilepsy. In conclusion, our results provide molecular insights into the distinct roles of PV and SST interneurons in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sian Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Chiao-Wan Hsiao
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yun Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Musa Iyiola Ajibola
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wahab Imam Abdulmajeed
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Yu-Ling Lin
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jui Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cho-Yi Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lien
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Chiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Spine Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Irene Han-Juo Cheng
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Yeh TL, Chen YHR, Hsu HY, Tsai MC, Wu YC, Lo WC, Huang TH, Liu BC, Lin HH, Chien KL. Cardiovascular Disease Burden Attributable to High Body Mass Index in Taiwan. Acta Cardiol Sin 2023; 39:628-642. [PMID: 37456949 PMCID: PMC10346049 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202307_39(4).20221219c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Studies on disease burden in Taiwan are lacking. We aimed to quantify the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributable to high body mass index (BMI) in Taiwan. Methods Using a comparative risk assessment approach from the Global Burden of Disease study, we estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF), attributable CVD burden, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) according to sex, age, and area of residence in Taiwan. The BMI distribution for the population was obtained from the National Health Interview Survey in 2013. CVD was defined as an ischemic heart disease or stroke. Results The attributable PAF for CVD from high BMI was 18.0% (19.6% in men and 15.6% in women), and it was highest (42.7%) in those aged 25-30 years. Adults aged 60-65 years had the highest absolute DALYs (11,546). The average relative age-standardized attributable burden was 314 DALYs per 100,000 person-years, and it was highest in those aged 75-80 years (1,407 DALYs per 100,000 person-years). Those living in Taitung County had the highest PAF of 21.9% and the highest age-standardized attributable burden (412 DALYs). Conclusions In Taiwan, an 18% reduction in CVDs could be achieved if obesity/overweight was prevented. Prevention was most effective in early adulthood. The absolute CVD burden from obesity/overweight was highest in middle-aged men, and the relative burden was highest in older adults. Resource allocation in targeted populations and specific areas to eliminate CVD and health inequities is urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Lin Yeh
- Department of Family Medicine, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Roger Chen
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Hsin-Yin Hsu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical Collage
| | - Ming-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical Collage
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui Branch, New Taipei City
| | - Yun-Chun Wu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Lo
- Master Program in Applied Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Population Neuroscience and Genetics Lab, Center for Human Development, UC San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Bo-Chen Liu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Ho Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master of Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University
| | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Chen YL, Huang TH, Tu PC, Bai YM, Su TP, Chen MH, Hong JS, Wu YT. Neurobiological Markers for Predicting Treatment Response in Patients with Bipolar Disorder. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123047. [PMID: 36551802 PMCID: PMC9775451 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Predictive neurobiological markers for prognosis are essential but underemphasized for patients with bipolar disorder (BD), a neuroprogressive disorder. Hence, we developed models for predicting symptom and functioning changes. Sixty-one patients with BD were recruited and assessed using the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Montgomery−Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), UKU Side Effect Rating Scale (UKU), Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP), and Global Assessment of Functioning scale both at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. The models for predicting the changes in symptom and functioning scores were trained using data on the brain morphology, functional connectivity, and cytokines collected at baseline. The correlation between the predicted and actual changes in the YMRS, MADRS, PANSS, and UKU scores was higher than 0.86 (q < 0.05). Connections from subcortical and cerebellar regions were considered for predicting the changes in the YMRS, MADRS, and UKU scores. Moreover, connections of the motor network were considered for predicting the changes in the YMRS and MADRS scores. The neurobiological markers for predicting treatment-response symptoms and functioning changes were consistent with the neuropathology of BD and with the differences found between treatment responders and nonresponders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ling Chen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Tu
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.B.); (Y.-T.W.)
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sheng Hong
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.B.); (Y.-T.W.)
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13
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Sun Y, Yang TT, Huang TH, Su YC, Lan CCE, Lin SY. Secondary syphilis resembling lymphoma-like nodules in a 59-year-old woman. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:e1027-e1029. [PMID: 35866522 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T-T Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T H Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Su
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C-C E Lan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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14
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Wu CH, Lin HCK, Wang TH, Huang TH, Huang YM. Affective Mobile Language Tutoring System for Supporting Language Learning. Front Psychol 2022; 13:833327. [PMID: 35401347 PMCID: PMC8987523 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.833327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Students often face difficulties and experience negative emotions toward second language learning. The affective tutoring system (ATS) is a next-generation learning approach that can detect the affective status of learning to increase performance. Therefore, for the purposes of this study, an innovative affective mobile language tutoring system (AMLTS) was designed to support Japanese language learning. The effects of AMLTS, along with asynchronous discussion, that were intended to improve performance, were examined using a triangulation method. To investigate the effect on emotion, the proposed AMLTS provides a virtual emotion agent that can interact with users and record emotional events, learning assessments, and the results of the interaction into a database. Learning effectiveness evaluations were conducted via two experiments: prototype evaluation and final evaluation. Sixty-three students, all beginners, were invited to use the AMLTS to learn Japanese. The research results show that the proposed AMLTS affective interaction design significantly improves learner engagement and performance. In the emotion feedback analysis and learning process, AMLTS helped students deepen their understanding of the content, enabled them to clearly understand the content, and to engage in peer interaction and experience positive emotions. In the evaluation of system usability, AMLTS reveals good usability for foreign language acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih Hung Wu
- Department of Digital Content and Technology, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chiang Koong Lin
- Department of Information and Learning Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Hao-Chiang Koong Lin,
| | - Tao-Hua Wang
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Information and Learning Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Huang
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Yueh-Min Huang,
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15
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Huang TH, Hsu SH, Chang SW. Molecular interaction mechanisms of glycol chitosan self-healing hydrogel as a drug delivery system for gemcitabine and doxorubicin. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:700-709. [PMID: 35140889 PMCID: PMC8803946 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycol chitosan is a derivative of chitosan that has attracted attention in recent years due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. Due to its unique biological characteristics, it has been widely used in hydrogels and biomaterials. In this study, we explored the loading efficiency of a self-healing hydrogel (GC-DP) comprising glycol chitosan (GC) and telechelic difunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (DF-PEG) for delivering the anticancer drugs gemcitabine and doxorubicin through full atomistic simulations. We also constructed full atomistic models of the two drug delivery systems at three drug concentrations of 10%, 40%, and 80% to understand how the drug concentration affects the loading efficiency and molecular structure of the GC-DP hydrogels. Through the analysis of the results, we show that the GC-DP hydrogel exhibits excellent loading efficiency for both gemcitabine and doxorubicin at all drug concentrations (10%, 40% and 80%). Our results reveal that the main mechanism of interaction between the GC-DP hydrogels and gemcitabine is van der Waals adsorption and that the dominant interactions between the GC-DP hydrogel and doxorubicin are hydrogen bonds for the D10 model and van der Waals adsorption for the D40 and D80 models. Our results provide molecular insights into how drug molecules are carried by hydrogel materials and indicate that the GC-DP hydrogel is a promising candidate for carrying both gemcitabine and doxorubicin, and thus serving as a novel drug carrier for cancer treatment.
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16
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Chen YL, Tu PC, Huang TH, Bai YM, Su TP, Chen MH, Wu YT. Identifying subtypes of bipolar disorder based on clinical and neurobiological characteristics. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17082. [PMID: 34429498 PMCID: PMC8385023 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96645-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to classify patients with bipolar disorder (BD) is restricted by their heterogeneity, which limits the understanding of their neuropathology. Therefore, we aimed to investigate clinically discernible and neurobiologically distinguishable BD subtypes. T1-weighted and resting-state functional magnetic resonance images of 112 patients with BD were obtained, and patients were segregated according to diagnostic subtype (i.e., types I and II) and clinical patterns, including the number of episodes and hospitalizations and history of suicide and psychosis. For each clinical pattern, fewer and more occurrences subgroups and types I and II were classified through nested cross-validation for robust performance, with minimum redundancy and maximum relevance, in feature selection. To assess the proportion of variance in cognitive performance explained by the neurobiological markers, multiple linear regression between verbal memory and the selected features was conducted. Satisfactory performance (mean accuracy, 73.60%) in classifying patients with a high or low number of episodes was attained through functional connectivity, mostly from default-mode and motor networks. Moreover, these neurobiological markers explained 62% of the variance in verbal memory. The number of episodes is a potentially critical aspect of the neuropathology of BD. Neurobiological markers can help identify BD neuroprogression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ling Chen
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Tu
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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17
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Xu Y, Campos Carrascosa L, Yeung YA, Chu MLH, Yang W, Djuretic I, Pappas DC, Zeytounian J, Ge Z, de Ruiter V, Starbeck-Miller GR, Patterson J, Rigas D, Chen SH, Kraynov E, Boor PP, Noordam L, Doukas M, Tsao D, Ijzermans JN, Guo J, Grünhagen DJ, Erdmann J, Verheij J, van Royen ME, Doornebosch PG, Feldman R, Park T, Mahmoudi S, Dorywalska M, Ni I, Chin SM, Mistry T, Mosyak L, Lin L, Ching KA, Lindquist KC, Ji C, Londono LM, Kuang B, Rickert R, Kwekkeboom J, Sprengers D, Huang TH, Chaparro-Riggers J. An Engineered IL15 Cytokine Mutein Fused to an Anti-PD-1 Improves Intratumoral T-Cell Function and Antitumor Immunity. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:1141-1157. [PMID: 34376502 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of cytokines for immunotherapy shows clinical efficacy but is frequently accompanied by severe adverse events caused by excessive and systemic immune activation. Here, we set out to address these challenges by engineering a fusion protein of a single, potency-reduced, IL15 mutein and a PD-1-specific antibody (anti-PD1-IL15m). This immunocytokine was designed to deliver PD-1-mediated, avidity-driven IL2/15 receptor stimulation to PD-1+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) while minimally affecting circulating peripheral natural killer (NK) cells and T cells. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with a mouse cross-reactive fusion, anti-mPD1-IL15m demonstrated potent antitumor efficacy without exacerbating body weight loss in B16 and MC38 syngeneic tumor models. Moreover, anti-mPD1-IL15m was more efficacious than an IL15 superagonist, an anti-mPD-1, or the combination thereof in the B16 melanoma model. Mechanistically, anti-PD1-IL15m preferentially targeted CD8+ TILs and scRNA-seq analyses revealed that anti-mPD1-IL15m treatment induced the expansion of an exhausted CD8+ TILs cluster with high proliferative capacity and effector-like signatures. Antitumor efficacy of anti-mPD1-IL15m was dependent on CD8+ T cells, as depletion of CD8+ cells resulted in the loss of antitumor activity, whereas depletion of NK cells had little impact on efficacy. The impact of anti-hPD1-IL15m on primary human TILs from cancer patients was also evaluated. Anti-hPD1-IL15m robustly enhanced the proliferation, activation, and cytotoxicity of CD8+ and CD4+ TILs from human primary cancers in vitro, whereas tumor-derived regulatory T cells were largely unaffected. Taken together, we showed that anti-PD1-IL15m exhibits a high translational promise with improved efficacy and safety of IL15 for cancer immunotherapy via targeting PD-1+ TILs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Irene Ni
- Oncology Research Unit, Pfizer (United States)
| | | | | | | | | | - Keith A Ching
- Computational Biology/Oncology Research Unit, Pfizer Global R & D
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18
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Huang TH, Wu DW, Wei YX. [Research progress of allergic rhinitis-related psychological disorders]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:876-880. [PMID: 34521177 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200828-00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T H Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - D W Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y X Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
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19
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Chen YJ, Lin CW, Peng YJ, Huang CW, Chien YS, Huang TH, Liao PX, Yang WY, Wang MH, Mersmann HJ, Wu SC, Chuang TY, Lin YY, Kuo WH, Ding ST. Overexpression of Adiponectin Receptor 1 Inhibits Brown and Beige Adipose Tissue Activity in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020906. [PMID: 33477525 PMCID: PMC7831094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult humans and mice possess significant classical brown adipose tissues (BAT) and, upon cold-induction, acquire brown-like adipocytes in certain depots of white adipose tissues (WAT), known as beige adipose tissues or WAT browning/beiging. Activating thermogenic classical BAT or WAT beiging to generate heat limits diet-induced obesity or type-2 diabetes in mice. Adiponectin is a beneficial adipokine resisting diabetes, and causing “healthy obese” by increasing WAT expansion to limit lipotoxicity in other metabolic tissues during high-fat feeding. However, the role of its receptors, especially adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), on cold-induced thermogenesis in vivo in BAT and in WAT beiging is still elusive. Here, we established a cold-induction procedure in transgenic mice over-expressing AdipoR1 and applied a live 3-D [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose-PET/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) scanning to measure BAT activity by determining glucose uptake in cold-acclimated transgenic mice. Results showed that cold-acclimated mice over-expressing AdipoR1 had diminished cold-induced glucose uptake, enlarged adipocyte size in BAT and in browned WAT, and reduced surface BAT/body temperature in vivo. Furthermore, decreased gene expression, related to thermogenic Ucp1, BAT-specific markers, BAT-enriched mitochondrial markers, lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation, and increased expression of whitening genes in BAT or in browned subcutaneous inguinal WAT of AdipoR1 mice are congruent with results of PET/CT scanning and surface body temperature in vivo. Moreover, differentiated brown-like beige adipocytes isolated from pre-adipocytes in subcutaneous WAT of transgenic AdipoR1 mice also had similar effects of lowered expression of thermogenic Ucp1, BAT selective markers, and BAT mitochondrial markers. Therefore, this study combines in vitro and in vivo results with live 3-D scanning and reveals one of the many facets of the adiponectin receptors in regulating energy homeostasis, especially in the involvement of cold-induced thermogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Adipocytes, Beige/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Beige/diagnostic imaging
- Adipose Tissue, Beige/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/diagnostic imaging
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/diagnostic imaging
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Animals
- Energy Metabolism/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic/genetics
- Mice, Transgenic/metabolism
- Mitochondria/genetics
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/pathology
- Positron-Emission Tomography
- Receptors, Adiponectin/genetics
- Thermogenesis/genetics
- Uncoupling Protein 1/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (S.-C.W.)
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.C.); (Y.-Y.L.); (W.-H.K.); (S.-T.D.); Tel.: +886-2-3366-4175 (S.-T.D.)
| | - Chiao-Wei Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (S.-C.W.)
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Yu-Ju Peng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Chao-Wei Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Yi-Shan Chien
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Pei-Xin Liao
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Wen-Yuan Yang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Mei-Hui Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan;
| | - Harry J. Mersmann
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Shinn-Chih Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (S.-C.W.)
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Tai-Yuan Chuang
- Department of Athletics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Yuan-Yu Lin
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.C.); (Y.-Y.L.); (W.-H.K.); (S.-T.D.); Tel.: +886-2-3366-4175 (S.-T.D.)
| | - Wen-Hung Kuo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.C.); (Y.-Y.L.); (W.-H.K.); (S.-T.D.); Tel.: +886-2-3366-4175 (S.-T.D.)
| | - Shih-Torng Ding
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (S.-C.W.)
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-J.P.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-S.C.); (T.-H.H.); (P.-X.L.); (W.-Y.Y.); (H.J.M.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.C.); (Y.-Y.L.); (W.-H.K.); (S.-T.D.); Tel.: +886-2-3366-4175 (S.-T.D.)
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20
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Chen YL, Tu PC, Huang TH, Bai YM, Su TP, Chen MH, Wu YT. Using Minimal-Redundant and Maximal-Relevant Whole-Brain Functional Connectivity to Classify Bipolar Disorder. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:563368. [PMID: 33192250 PMCID: PMC7641629 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.563368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A number of mental illness is often re-diagnosed to be bipolar disorder (BD). Furthermore, the prefronto-limbic-striatal regions seem to be associated with the main dysconnectivity of BD. Functional connectivity is potentially an appropriate objective neurobiological marker that can assist with BD diagnosis. Methods Health controls (HC; n = 173) and patients with BD who had been diagnosed by experienced physicians (n = 192) were separated into 10-folds, namely, a ninefold training set and a onefold testing set. The classification involved feature selection of the training set using minimum redundancy/maximum relevance. Support vector machine was used for training. The classification was repeated 10 times until each fold had been used as the testing set. Results The mean accuracy of the 10 testing sets was 76.25%, and the area under the curve was 0.840. The selected functional within-network/between-network connectivity was mainly in the subcortical/cerebellar regions and the frontoparietal network. Furthermore, similarity within the BD patients, calculated by the cosine distance between two functional connectivity matrices, was smaller than between groups before feature selection and greater than between groups after the feature selection. Limitations The major limitations were that all the BD patients were receiving medication and that no independent dataset was included. Conclusion Our approach effectively separates a relatively large group of BD patients from HCs. This was done by selecting functional connectivity, which was more similar within BD patients, and also seems to be related to the neuropathological factors associated with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ling Chen
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Tu
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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21
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Lee WK, Wu CC, Lee CC, Lu CF, Yang HC, Huang TH, Lin CY, Chung WY, Wang PS, Wu HM, Guo WY, Wu YT. Combining analysis of multi-parametric MR images into a convolutional neural network: Precise target delineation for vestibular schwannoma treatment planning. Artif Intell Med 2020; 107:101911. [PMID: 32828450 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2020.101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Manual delineation of vestibular schwannoma (VS) by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is required for diagnosis, radiosurgery dose planning, and follow-up tumor volume measurement. A rapid and objective automatic segmentation method is required, but problems have been encountered due to the low through-plane resolution of standard VS MR scan protocols and because some patients have non-homogeneous cystic areas within their tumors. In this study, we retrospectively collected multi-parametric MR images from 516 patients with VS; these were extracted from the Gamma Knife radiosurgery planning system and consisted of T1-weighted (T1W), T2-weighted (T2W), and T1W with contrast (T1W + C) images. We developed an end-to-end deep-learning-based method via an automatic preprocessing pipeline. A two-pathway U-Net model involving two sizes of convolution kernel (i.e., 3 × 3 × 1 and 1 × 1 × 3) was used to extract the in-plane and through-plane features of the anisotropic MR images. A single-pathway model that adopted the same architecture as the two-pathway model, but used a kernel size of 3 × 3 × 3, was also developed for comparison purposes. In addition, we used multi-parametric MR images with different image contrasts as the model training input in order to effectively segment tumors with solid as well as cystic parts. The results of the automatic segmentation demonstrated that (1) the two-pathway model outperformed single-pathway model in terms of dice scores (0.90 ± 0.05 versus 0.87 ± 0.07); both of them having been trained using the T1W, T1W + C and T2W anisotropic MR images, (2) the optimal single-parametric two-pathway model (dice score: 0.88 ± 0.06) was then trained using the T1W + C images, and (3) the two-pathway models trained using bi-parametric (T1W + C and T2W) and tri-parametric (T1W, T2W, and T1W + C) images outperformed the model trained using the single-parametric (T1W + C) images (dice scores: 0.89 ± 0.05 and 0.90 ± 0.05, respectively, larger than 0.88 ± 0.06) because it showed improved segmentation of the non-homogeneous parts of the tumors. The proposed two-pathway U-Net model outperformed the single-pathway U-Net model when segmenting VS using anisotropic MR images. The multi-parametric models effectively improved on the defective segmentation obtained using the single-parametric models by separating the non-homogeneous tumors into their solid and cystic parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Kai Lee
- National Yang-Ming University, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Wu
- Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Lee
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Feng Lu
- National Yang-Ming University, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Che Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- National Yang-Ming University, Institute of Biophotonics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Lin
- National Yang-Ming University, Institute of Biophotonics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yuh Chung
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Taiwan
| | - Po-Shan Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University, Institute of Biophotonics, Taipei, Taiwan; Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Wu
- Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yuo Guo
- Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- National Yang-Ming University, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University, Institute of Biophotonics, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Guo J, Xiao Y, Iyer R, Lu X, Lake M, Ladror U, Harlan J, Samanta T, Tomlinson M, Bukofzer G, Donawho C, Shoemaker A, Huang TH. Empowering therapeutic antibodies with IFN-α for cancer immunotherapy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219829. [PMID: 31393905 PMCID: PMC6687177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 IFNs stimulate secretion of IP-10 (CXCL10) which is a critical chemokine to recruit effector T cells to the tumor microenvironment and IP-10 knockout mice exhibit a phenotype with compromised effector T cell generation and trafficking. Type 1 IFNs also induce MHC class 1 upregulation on tumor cells which can enhance anti-tumor CD8 T cell effector response in the tumor microenvironment. Although type 1 IFNs show great promise in potentiating anti-tumor immune response, systemic delivery of type 1 IFNs is associated with toxicity thereby limiting clinical application. In this study, we fused tumor targeting antibodies with IFN-α and showed that the fusion proteins can be produced with high yields and purity. IFN fusions selectively induced IP-10 secretion from antigen positive tumor cells, which was critical in recruiting the effector T cells to the tumor microenvironment. Further, we found that treatment with the anti-PDL1-IFN- α fusion at concentrations as low as 1 pM exhibited potent activity in mediating OT1 CD8+ T cell killing against OVA expressing tumor cells, while control IFN fusion did not exhibit any activity at the same concentration. Furthermore, the IFN-α fusion antibody was well tolerated in vivo and demonstrated anti-tumor efficacy in an anti-PD-L1 resistant syngeneic mouse tumor model. One of the potential mechanisms for the enhanced CD8 T cell killing by anti-PD-L1 IFN fusion was up-regulation of MHC class I/tumor antigen complex. Our data supports the hypothesis of targeting type 1 IFN to the tumor microenvironment may enhance effector T cell functions for anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Oncology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Yu Xiao
- Oncology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Ramesh Iyer
- Global Protein Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Xin Lu
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Marc Lake
- Global Protein Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Uri Ladror
- Global Protein Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - John Harlan
- Global Protein Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Tanushree Samanta
- Oncology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Medha Tomlinson
- Global Biologics, AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, United States of America
| | - Gail Bukofzer
- Oncology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Cherrie Donawho
- Oncology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Alex Shoemaker
- Oncology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Oncology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, United States of America
- * E-mail: ,
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Huang TH, Li CF, Qiu LW, Liao ST, Mei ZC. [Effect and mechanism of adipocyte co-culture on aquaporin-9 expression in HepG2 cells]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2019; 27:450-456. [PMID: 31357762 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the effect of differentiated mature adipocytes on hepatic steatosis and aquaporin-9 (AQP9) expressions in HepG2 cells and further explore its possible mechanism of action. Methods: Human preadipocytes were cultured and differentiated to full maturity. HepG2 cells were co-cultured with non-differentiated adipocytes and differentiated mature adipocytes for 48 h, and then labeled as control group and experimental group. Oil red O staining and intracellular triglyceride content were performed on co-cultured HepG2 cells and simultaneous changes in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) - serine/threonine kinase (Akt) signaling pathway, and AQP9 mRNA and protein levels were detected. The experimental group was co-cultured with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), with the addition of 100ng/ml PI3K-Akt pathway agonist, labeled as experimental group + IGF-I group. The activation of PI3K-Akt pathway was verified by Western blotting (WB). The expression of AQP9 was detected by RT-q PCR and WB. The recombinant lentivirus LV-AQP9 or empty-loaded virus LV-PWPI was transfected with HepG2 cells by recombinant lentiviral transfection tecnique, and labeled as HepG2-AQP9 and HepG2-PWPI. The transfection efficiency was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and RT-qPCR and WB detected the change of AQP9 expression level after virus transfection. Afterwards, the stable over-expressed HepG2-AQP9 cells and the empty-loaded HepG2-PWPI cells were co-cultured with differentiated mature adipocytes for 48h, and labeled as HepG2-AQP9 co-culture group, and then intracellular triglyceride content were detected with Oil red O staining. Finally, IGF-I was added to the HepG2-AQP9 co-culture group, which was recorded as HepG2-AQP9 co-culture + IGF-I group. Intracellular triglyceride content was detected with Oil red O staining, and WB verified PI3K-Akt signaling pathway activation and changes in AQP9 mRNA and protein levels. A t-test was used to compare the two independent samples. Results: The intracellular lipid droplets and triglyceride content (0.052 ± 0.005) in the experimental group was increased significantly than the control group (0.033 ± 0.003) (t= 5.225,P= 0.006), suggesting that adipocyte co-culture had induced steatosis in HepG2 cells. RT-qPCR and WB results indicated that the expression levels of AQP9 mRNA (3.615 ± 0.330) and protein levels (0.072 ± 0.005) in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group (t= 13.708, 11.225,P= 0.005, < 0.001). WB results showed that the expression level of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) protein (0.116±0.003) in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (0.202 ± 0.003) (t= 27.136,P< 0.001). The total Akt protein was constant, and the p-Akt/total Akt (0.182 ± 0.017)was significantly lower than the control group (0.327 ± 0.019) (t= 2.431,P= 0.001), suggesting that adipocyte co-culture had inhibited PI3K- Akt signaling pathway in HepG2 cells and up-regulated the expression level of AQP9. WB results indicated that the expression level of p-Akt protein (0.194 ± 0.021) in the experimental group + IGF-I group was significantly higher than the experimental group (0.132 ± 0.003) (t= 5.082,P= 0.007). The total Akt protein was constant, and the p-Akt/total Akt (0.281 ± 0.009) was significantly higher than the control group (0.184 ± 0.132) (t= 10.311,P< 0.001). Simultaneously, RT-qPCR and WB results indicated that the expression levels of AQP9 mRNA (0.327 ± 0.347) and protein levels (0.042 ± 0.004) in the experimental group + IGF-I group were significantly lower than the experimental group (t= 33.573, 5.598,P< 0.001, 0.005), suggesting that adipocyte co-culture had possibility to regulate the expression level of AQP9 through the PI3K-Akt pathway. Confocal laser microscopy analysis showed that the transfection efficiency was more than 90%. RT-q PCR and WB results indicated that the expression levels of AQP9 mRNA and protein levels (0.373 ± 0.221) in HepG2-AQP9 group were significantly higher than HepG2-PWPI group (t=14.953, 28.931,P= 0.002 and 0.000), suggesting that the stable overexpression of AQP9 cell line was successfully constructed. The intracellular lipid droplets and triglyceride content in HepG2-AQP9 co-culture group was significantly increased (t= 5.478, 5.369,P= 0.005) than HepG2-PWPI co-culture group and HepG2-AQP9 co-culture+ IGF-I group, suggesting that the increased expression of AQP9 had promoted HepG2 steatosis in co-cultured adipocytes. WB results showed the expression levels of p-Akt protein (0.168 ± 0.006) and p-Akt/total Akt (0.265±0.009) in HepG2-AQP9 co-culture + IGF-1 group was significantly increased (t= 16.311, 8.769,P< 0.001) than HepG2-AQP9 co-culture group, while the expression levels of AQP9 mRNA (0.327 ± 0.034) and protein (0.375 ± 0.025) was significantly decreased (t= 33.573, 9.146,P< 0.001 and 0.001). Conclusion: Adipocytes co-culture can induce steatosis in HepG2 cells, and may participate in inhibiting PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to upregulate the expression of AQP9 in steatotic HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - C F Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - L W Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - S T Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Z C Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing 400010, China
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Vedhanarayanan B, Huang TH, Lin TW. Fabrication of 3D hierarchically structured carbon electrode for supercapacitors by carbonization of polyaniline/carbon nanotube/graphene composites. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Guo J, Xiao Y, Lyer RB, Lake MR, Ladror US, Lu X, Pappano B, Harlan JE, Tomlinson MJ, Bukofzer GT, Donawho CK, Shoemaker AR, Huang TH. Abstract 2783: Empowering therapeutic monoclonal antibodies with IFN-alpha for cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-2783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Type 1 IFNs stimulates secretion of IP-10 (CXCL10) which is a critical chemokine to recruit effector T cells to the tumor microenvironment and IP-10 knockout mice exhibit a phenotype with compromised effector T cell generation and trafficking. Type 1 IFNs also induces MHC class 1 upregulation on tumor cells which can enhance anti-tumor CD8 T cell effector response in the tumor microenvironment. Although type 1 IFNs show great promise in potentiating anti-tumor immune response, systemic delivery of type 1 IFNs is associated with toxicity thereby limiting clinical application. In this study, we fused tumor targeting antibodies with IFN-alpha and showed that the fusion proteins can be produced with high yields and purity. IFN fusions selectively induced IP-10 secretion from antigen positive tumor cells, which was critical in recruiting the effector T cells to the tumor microenvironment. Further, we establish a real time in vitro antigen specific CTL killing assay using IncuCyte Zoom and tested the anti-tumor efficacy of anti-PDL1-IFN-alpha fusion using this system. We found anti-PDL1-IFN-alpha as low as 10 pM exhibits potent activity in potentiating OT1 CD8 T cells killing against OVA expressing tumor cells, while control IFN fusion did not exhibit any activity in the same experiment. Furthermore, IFN-alpha fusion antibody was well tolerated in vivo and demonstrated anti-tumor efficacy in an anti-PD-L1 resistant syngeneic mouse tumor model. Our data supports the hypothesis of targeting type 1 IFN to the tumor microenvironment may enhance effector T cell responses in non-inflamed tumors.
Citation Format: Jun Guo, Yu Xiao, Ramesh B. Lyer, Marc R. Lake, Uri S. Ladror, Xin Lu, Bill Pappano, John E. Harlan, Medha J. Tomlinson, Gail T. Bukofzer, Cherrie K. Donawho, Alexander R. Shoemaker, Tzu-Hsuan Huang. Empowering therapeutic monoclonal antibodies with IFN-alpha for cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2783.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL
| | - Yu Xiao
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | - Xin Lu
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL
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Gruslova AB, Chen CL, Wang CM, Elledge RM, Kaklamani VG, Lathrop K, Huang TH, Brenner A. Abstract P1-02-02: FASN inhibition by TVB-3166 associates with breast cancer subtype. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p1-02-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is overexpressed in numerous tumor types, including breast carcinomas, and promotes changes in the genetic program controlling lipid biosynthesis. While inhibiting FASN appears to be an attractive therapeutic approach under development, the success of this approach may depend on the identification of tumor subtypes with specific metabolic requirements. Applying a comprehensive profile of circulating tumor cells (CTC) using canonical pathway gene sets, we identified a correlation of metabolic subtypes with breast tumor subtype. A lipogenic subtype is strongly associated with Luminal A subtype, whereas the glycolytic subtype associated with Luminal B tumors. The triple negative subtype was more heterogeneous and had the expression of both sets of gene. Such a difference in the metabolic profile may dictate differential sensitivity to inhibitors targeting de novo lipid synthesis, including FASN. This was supported by in vitro studies using selective FASN inhibitor, TVB-3166. Exposure to TVB-3166 over 14 days incubation in Advanced MEM with 1% charcoal-stripped FBS selectively inhibited growth and viability of Luminal A breast cancer cells, but had no effect on Luminal B subtype. This was further confirmed in short-term patient derived cultures. Mechanistic studies suggest that TVB-3166 quickly disrupts FA synthesis leading to the disruption of the lipid raft architecture and tumor cell death through an apoptotic mechanism. In conclusion, our findings highlight that success of targeting cancer metabolism directly may depend on identification of tumor subtypes with specific metabolic requirements.
Citation Format: Gruslova AB, Chen C-L, Wang C-M, Elledge RM, Kaklamani VG, Lathrop K, Huang TH, Brenner A. FASN inhibition by TVB-3166 associates with breast cancer subtype [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-02-02.
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Li CW, Lim SO, Chung EM, Kim YS, Park AH, Yao J, Cha JH, Xia W, Chan LC, Kim T, Chang SS, Lee HH, Chou CK, Liu YL, Yeh HC, Perillo EP, Dunn AK, Kuo CW, Khoo KH, Hsu JL, Wu Y, Hsu JM, Yamaguchi H, Huang TH, Sahin AA, Hortobagyi GN, Yoo SS, Hung MC. Eradication of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting Glycosylated PD-L1. Cancer Cell 2018; 33:187-201.e10. [PMID: 29438695 PMCID: PMC5824730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation provides proteomic diversity in regulating protein localization, stability, and activity; it remains largely unknown whether the sugar moiety contributes to immunosuppression. In the study of immune receptor glycosylation, we showed that EGF induces programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) interaction, requiring β-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase (B3GNT3) expression in triple-negative breast cancer. Downregulation of B3GNT3 enhances cytotoxic T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. A monoclonal antibody targeting glycosylated PD-L1 (gPD-L1) blocks PD-L1/PD-1 interaction and promotes PD-L1 internalization and degradation. In addition to immune reactivation, drug-conjugated gPD-L1 antibody induces a potent cell-killing effect as well as a bystander-killing effect on adjacent cancer cells lacking PD-L1 expression without any detectable toxicity. Our work suggests targeting protein glycosylation as a potential strategy to enhance immune checkpoint therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: Mien-Chie Hung, Dept. of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA. Phone: (713) 792-3668. Fax: (713) 794-3270.
| | - Seung-Oe Lim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence: Mien-Chie Hung, Dept. of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA. Phone: (713) 792-3668. Fax: (713) 794-3270.
| | - Ezra M. Chung
- STCube Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 401 Professional Dr. Suite 250, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
| | - Yong-Soo Kim
- STCube Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 401 Professional Dr. Suite 250, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
| | - Andrew H. Park
- STCube Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 401 Professional Dr. Suite 250, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jong-Ho Cha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Weiya Xia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li-Chuan Chan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Taewan Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shih-Shin Chang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Heng-Huan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chao-Kai Chou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yen-Liang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Evan P. Perillo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Andrew K. Dunn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Chu-Wei Kuo
- Core Facilities for Protein Structural Analysis, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jennifer L. Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jung-Mao Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aysegul A. Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gabriel N. Hortobagyi
- Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephen S. Yoo
- STCube Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 401 Professional Dr. Suite 250, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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Wang IK, Liu CH, Yen TH, Jeng JS, Sung SF, Huang PH, Li JY, Sun Y, Wei CY, Lien LM, Tsai IJ, Sung FC, Hsu CY, Liu CH, Tsai CH, Huang WS, Lu CT, Tsai TC, Tseng CH, Lin KH, Shyu WC, Yang YW, Liu YL, Cho DY, Chen CC, Jeng JS, Tang SC, Tsai LK, Yeh SJ, Chen CH, Tsai HH, Li JY, Chen HJ, Lu K, Hsu SP, Kuo HC, Tsou JC, Wang YT, Tai YC, Hsieh MT, Liliang PC, Liang CL, Wang HK, Tsai YT, Wang KW, Chen JS, Chen PY, Wang YC, Chen CH, Sung PS, Hsieh HC, Su HC, Chiu HC, Lien LM, Chen WH, Bai CH, Huang TH, Lau CI, Wu YY, Yeh HL, Chang A, Lin CH, Yen CC, Lin RT, Chen CH, Khor GT, Chao AC, Lin HF, Huang P, Lin HJ, Ke DS, Chang CY, Yeh PS, Lin KC, Cheng TJ, Chou CH, Yang CM, Shen HC, Chen AC, Tsai SJ, Lu TM, Kung SL, Lee MJ, Chou HH, Chang WL, Chiu PY, Hsu MH, Chan PC, Pan CH, Shoung HM, Lo YC, Wang FH, Chang WC, Lai TC, Yin JH, Wang CJ, Wang KC, Chen LM, Denq JC, Sun Y, Lu CJ, Lin CH, Huang CC, Liu CH, Chan HF, Lee SP, Sun MH, Ke LY, Chen PL, Lee YS, Sung SF, Ong CT, Wu CS, Hsu YC, Su YH, Hung LC, Lee JT, Lin JC, Hsu YD, Denq JC, Peng GS, Hsu CH, Lin CC, Yen CH, Cheng CA, Sung YF, Chen YL, Lien MT, Chou CH, Liu CC, Yang FC, Wu YC, Tso AC, Lai YH, Chiang CI, Tsai CK, Liu MT, Lin YC, Hsu YC, Chiang TR, Huang PH, Liao PW, Lee MC, Chen JT, Lie SK, Sun MC, Hsiao PJ, Chen WL, Chen TC, Chang CS, Lai CH, Chuang CS, Chen YY, Lin SK, Su YC, Shiao JL, Yang FY, Liu CY, Chiang HL, Chen GC, Hsu PJ, Chang CY, Lin IS, Chien CH, Chang YC, Chen PK, Chiu PY, Hsiao YJ, Fang CW, Chen YW, Lee KY, Lin YY, Li CH, Tsai HF, Hsieh CF, Yang CD, Liaw SJ, Liao HC, Yeh SJ, Wu LL, Hsieh LP, Lee YH, Chen CW, Hsu CS, Jhih YJ, Zhuang HY, Pan YH, Shih SA, Chen CI, Sung JY, Weng HY, Teng HW, Lee JE, Huang CS, Chao SP, Yuan RY, Sheu JJ, Yu JM, Ho CS, Lin TC, Yu SC, Chen JR, Tsai SY, Wei CY, Hung CH, Lee CF, Yang SK, Chen CL, Lin W, Tseng HP, Liu CH, Lin CL, Lin HC, Chen PT, Hu CJ, Chan L, Chi NF, Chern CM, Lin CJ, Wang SJ, Hsu LC, Wong WJ, Lee IH, Yen DJ, Tsai CP, Kwan SY, Soong BW, Chen SP, Liao KK, Lin KP, Chen C, Shan DE, Fuh JL, Wang PN, Lee YC, Yu YH, Huang HC, Tsai JY, Wu MH, Chiang SY, Wang CY, Hsu MC, Chen CC, Yeh PY, Tsai YT, Wang KY, Chen TS, Hsieh CY, Chen WF, Yip PK, Wang V, Wang KC, Tsai CF, Chen CC, Chen CH, Liu YC, Chen SY, Zhao ZH, Wei ZP, Wu SL, Liu CK, Lin RH, Chu CH, Yan SH, Lin YC, Chen PY, Hsiao SH, Yip BS, Tsai PC, Chou PC, Kuo TM, Lee YC, Chiu YP, Tsai KC, Liao YS, Tsai MJ, Kao HY. Renal function is associated with 1-month and 1-year mortality in patients with ischemic stroke. Atherosclerosis 2018; 269:288-293. [PMID: 29254692 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Guo J, Lam LT, Longenecker KL, Bui MH, Idler KB, Glaser KB, Wilsbacher JL, Tse C, Pappano WN, Huang TH. Identification of novel resistance mechanisms to NAMPT inhibition via the de novo NAD + biosynthesis pathway and NAMPT mutation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:681-686. [PMID: 28756225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells have an unusually high requirement for the central and intermediary metabolite nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and NAD+ depletion ultimately results in cell death. The rate limiting step within the NAD+ salvage pathway required for converting nicotinamide to NAD+ is catalyzed by nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). Targeting NAMPT has been investigated as an anti-cancer strategy, and several highly selective small molecule inhibitors have been found to potently inhibit NAMPT in cancer cells, resulting in NAD+ depletion and cytotoxicity. To identify mechanisms that could cause resistance to NAMPT inhibitor treatment, we generated a human fibrosarcoma cell line refractory to the highly potent and selective NAMPT small molecule inhibitor, GMX1778. We uncovered novel and unexpected mechanisms of resistance including significantly increased expression of quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase (QPRT), a key enzyme in the de novo NAD+ synthesis pathway. Additionally, exome sequencing of the NAMPT gene in the resistant cells identified a single heterozygous point mutation that was not present in the parental cell line. The combination of upregulation of the NAD+ de novo synthesis pathway through QPRT over-expression and NAMPT mutation confers resistance to GMX1778, but the cells are only partially resistant to next-generation NAMPT inhibitors. The resistance mechanisms uncovered herein provide a potential avenue to continue exploration of next generation NAMPT inhibitors to treat neoplasms in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Lloyd T Lam
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | | | - Mai H Bui
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Kenneth B Idler
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Keith B Glaser
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Julie L Wilsbacher
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Chris Tse
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - William N Pappano
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States.
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31
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Wen HJ, Huang TH, Li TL, Chong PN, Ang BS. Effects of short-term step aerobics exercise on bone metabolism and functional fitness in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:539-547. [PMID: 27613719 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Measurement of bone turnover markers is an alternative way to determine the effects of exercise on bone health. A 10-week group-based step aerobics exercise significantly improved functional fitness in postmenopausal women with low bone mass, and showed a positive trend in reducing resorption activity via bone turnover markers. INTRODUCTION The major goal of this study was to determine the effects of short-term group-based step aerobics (GBSA) exercise on the bone metabolism, bone mineral density (BMD), and functional fitness of postmenopausal women (PMW) with low bone mass. METHODS Forty-eight PMW (aged 58.2 ± 3.5 years) with low bone mass (lumbar spine BMD T-score of -2.00 ± 0.67) were recruited and randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG) or to a control group (CG). Participants from the EG attended a progressive 10-week GBSA exercise at an intensity of 75-85 % of heart rate reserve, 90 min per session, and three sessions per week. Serum bone metabolic markers (C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen [CTX] and osteocalcin), BMD, and functional fitness components were measured before and after the training program. Mixed-models repeated measures method was used to compare differences between the groups (α = 0.05). RESULTS After the 10-week intervention period, there was no significant exercise program by time interaction for CTX; however, the percent change for CTX was significantly different between the groups (EG = -13.1 ± 24.4 % vs. CG = 11.0 ± 51.5 %, P < 0.05). While there was no significant change of osteocalcin in both groups. As expected, there was no significant change of BMD in both groups. In addition, the functional fitness components in the EG were significantly improved, as demonstrated by substantial enhancement in both lower- and upper-limb muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The current short-term GBSA exercise benefited to bone metabolism and general health by significantly reduced bone resorption activity and improved functional fitness in PMW with low bone mass. This suggested GBSA could be adopted as a form of group-based exercise for senior community.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Wen
- Center of Physical Education, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien, 970, Taiwan.
| | - T H Huang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Daxue Rd., East District, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - T L Li
- Department of Sport Promotion, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan
| | - P N Chong
- Department of Radiology, Tzu Chi Hospital, No. 707, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien City, 970, Taiwan
| | - B S Ang
- Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Venturutti L, Russo RIC, Rivas MA, Mercogliano MF, Izzo F, Oakley RH, Pereyra MG, De Martino M, Proietti CJ, Yankilevich P, Roa JC, Guzmán P, Cortese E, Allemand DH, Huang TH, Charreau EH, Cidlowski JA, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV. MiR-16 mediates trastuzumab and lapatinib response in ErbB-2-positive breast and gastric cancer via its novel targets CCNJ and FUBP1. Oncogene 2016; 35:6189-6202. [PMID: 27157613 PMCID: PMC5832962 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ErbB-2 amplification/overexpression accounts for an aggressive breast cancer (BC) subtype (ErbB-2-positive). Enhanced ErbB-2 expression was also found in gastric cancer (GC) and has been correlated with poor clinical outcome. The ErbB-2-targeted therapies trastuzumab (TZ), a monoclonal antibody, and lapatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, have proved highly beneficial. However, resistance to such therapies remains a major clinical challenge. We here revealed a novel mechanism underlying the antiproliferative effects of both agents in ErbB-2-positive BC and GC. TZ and lapatinib ability to block extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT in sensitive cells inhibits c-Myc activation, which results in upregulation of miR-16. Forced expression of miR-16 inhibited in vitro proliferation in BC and GC cells, both sensitive and resistant to TZ and lapatinib, as well as in a preclinical BC model resistant to these agents. This reveals miR-16 role as tumor suppressor in ErbB-2-positive BC and GC. Using genome-wide expression studies and miRNA target prediction algorithms, we identified cyclin J and far upstream element-binding protein 1 (FUBP1) as novel miR-16 targets, which mediate miR-16 antiproliferative effects. Supporting the clinical relevance of our results, we found that high levels of miR-16 and low or null FUBP1 expression correlate with TZ response in ErbB-2-positive primary BCs. These findings highlight a potential role of miR-16 and FUBP1 as biomarkers of sensitivity to TZ therapy. Furthermore, we revealed miR-16 as an innovative therapeutic agent for TZ- and lapatinib-resistant ErbB-2-positive BC and GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Venturutti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - RI Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - MA Rivas
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - MF Mercogliano
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Izzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - RH Oakley
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - MG Pereyra
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital General de Agudos ‘Juan A Fernández’, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M De Martino
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - CJ Proietti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P Yankilevich
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires, CONICET—Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - JC Roa
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Guzmán
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - E Cortese
- Servicio de Ginecología, Hospital Aeronáutico Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - DH Allemand
- Unidad de Patología Mamaria, Hospital General de Agudos ‘Juan A Fernández’, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - TH Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine/Institute of Biotechnology, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - EH Charreau
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - JA Cidlowski
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - R Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - PV Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
Researchers conducting observational studies need to consider 3 types of biases: selection bias, information bias, and confounding bias. A whole arsenal of statistical tools can be used to deal with information and confounding biases. However, methods for addressing selection bias and unmeasured confounding are less developed. In this paper, we propose general bounding formulas for bias, including selection bias and unmeasured confounding. This should help researchers make more prudent interpretations of their (potentially biased) results.
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Boulbes DR, Arold ST, Chauhan GB, Blachno KV, Deng N, Chang WC, Jin Q, Huang TH, Hsu JM, Brady SW, Bartholomeusz C, Ladbury JE, Stone S, Yu D, Hung MC, Esteva FJ. HER family kinase domain mutations promote tumor progression and can predict response to treatment in human breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2015; 9:586-600. [PMID: 25435280 PMCID: PMC4815926 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to HER2-targeted therapies remains a major obstacle in the treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. Understanding the molecular pathways that contribute to the development of drug resistance is needed to improve the clinical utility of novel agents, and to predict the success of targeted personalized therapy based on tumor-specific mutations. Little is known about the clinical significance of HER family mutations in breast cancer. Because mutations within HER1/EGFR are predictive of response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in lung cancer, we investigated whether mutations in HER family kinase domains are predictive of response to targeted therapy in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. We sequenced the HER family kinase domains from 76 HER2-overexpressing invasive carcinomas and identified 12 missense variants. Patients whose tumors carried any of these mutations did not respond to HER2 directed therapy in the metastatic setting. We developed mutant cell lines and used structural analyses to determine whether changes in protein conformation could explain the lack of response to therapy. We also functionally studied all HER2 mutants and showed that they conferred an aggressive phenotype and altered effects of the TKI lapatinib. Our data demonstrate that mutations in the finely tuned HER kinase domains play a critical function in breast cancer progression and may serve as prognostic and predictive markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine R Boulbes
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stefan T Arold
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Departments of Center for Biomolecular Structure and Function, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav B Chauhan
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Korina V Blachno
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nanfu Deng
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
| | - Quanri Jin
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jung-Mao Hsu
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samuel W Brady
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chandra Bartholomeusz
- Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John E Ladbury
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Departments of Center for Biomolecular Structure and Function, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9jT, UK
| | - Steve Stone
- Myriad Genetics, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Dihua Yu
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Francisco J Esteva
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, 160 E. 34th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Huo L, Li CW, Huang TH, Lam YC, Xia W, Tu C, Chang WC, Hsu JL, Lee DF, Nie L, Yamaguchi H, Wang Y, Lang J, Li LY, Chen CH, Mishra L, Hung MC. Activation of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway by nuclear epidermal growth factor receptor in cancer cells. Am J Transl Res 2014; 6:649-663. [PMID: 25628777 PMCID: PMC4297334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear translocation of EGFR has been shown to be important for tumor cell growth, survival, and therapeutic resistance. Previously, we detected the association of EGFR with Keap1 in the nucleus. Keap1 is a Kelch-like ECH-associated protein, which plays an important role in cellular response to chemical and oxidative stress by regulating Nrf2 protein stability and nuclear translocation. In this study, we investigate the role of EGFR in regulating Keap1/Nrf2 cascade in the nucleus and provide evidence to show that nuclear EGFR interacts with and phosphorylates nuclear Keap1 to reduce its nuclear protein level. The reduction of nuclear Keap1 consequently stabilizes nuclear Nrf2 and increases its transcriptional activity in cancer cells, which contributes to tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Huo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Chia-Wei Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yung Carmen Lam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Weiya Xia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Chun Tu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Dung-Fang Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Lei Nie
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Jingyu Lang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Long-Yuan Li
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsuan Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia SinicaNankang, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
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36
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Huang TH, Chang W, Long A, Huang X, Holland P. Abstract 2275: Characterization of the mechanistic basis of Apo2L/TRAIL-AMG 655-dr5 interactions and cooperative signaling in cancer cells. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-2275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Clinical studies with multiple death receptor (DR) agonists targeting DR4 and/or DR5 s have failed to advance beyond phase 2 due to limited efficacy. Unexpectedly, treatment with DR5 agonist antibody AMG 655 markedly enhanced Apo2L/TRAIL-induced killing in cancer cells. Strong synergism observed between AMG 655 and Apo2L/TRAIL in multiple cancer cell lines suggests that additional cross-linking provided by AMG 655 can enhance the ability of soluble ligand to initiate an apoptotic signal. Since the Apo2L/TRAIL related TNF family members FasL and TNF are more potent apoptotic agonists in their membrane-bound forms, the synergy observed between soluble Apo2L/TRAIL and AMG 655 suggests that the combination may mimic a membrane bound form of the ligand. In this study, we used biochemical approaches to characterize the Apo2L/TRAIL-AMG 655-DR5 interactions and cooperative signaling.
We found membrane-bound Apo2L/TRAIL induced potent apoptotic signaling against cancer cell lines that are resistant to soluble Apo2L/TRAIL. Cooperativity between Apo2L/TRAIL and AMG 655 but not single agent alone promotes caspase 8 activation and DISC complex assembly, suggesting that the combination represents a qualitative change in apoptotic signaling. To better understand the molecular interactions between Apo2L/TRAIL, DR5 and AMG 655, we determined the crystal structure of the ternary complex of Apo2L/TRAIL, the DR5 ectodomain, and the Fab fragment of AMG 655 at 3.3 Å resolution. The Apo2L/TRAIL-DR5-AMG 655-Fab complex is composed of an Apo2L/TRAIL homotrimer with three DR5 monomers bound diagonally along the crevices between two neighboring Apo2L/TRAIL molecules, and three AMG 655 Fabs bound to the three DR5 monomers individually. We then modeled the positioning of additional ternary complexes, which results in an array of DR5 molecules on the cell surface in a hexagonal honeycomb pattern, with three DR5 molecules in each node. Using different AMG 655 fragments, we demonstrated that AMG 655-Fab'2 but not AMG 655-Fab fragment is sufficient to cooperate with Apo2L/TRAIL suggesting that the two DR5 binding moieties of AMG 655 mediate the effect. These observations illustrate how co-administration of trimeric Apo2L/TRAIL and bivalent AMG 655 may promote super-clustering of DR5, thereby leading to efficient DISC assembly and enhanced apoptotic signaling. The enhanced agonism generated by combining Apo2L/TRAIL and AMG 655 provides insight into the limited efficacy observed in previous clinical trials and suggests testable hypotheses to reconsider death receptor agonism as a therapeutic strategy.
Citation Format: Tzu-Hsuan Huang, Wesley Chang, Alexander Long, Xin Huang, Pamela Holland. Characterization of the mechanistic basis of Apo2L/TRAIL-AMG 655-dr5 interactions and cooperative signaling in cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2275. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2275
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37
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Graves JD, Kordich JJ, Huang TH, Piasecki J, Bush TL, Sullivan T, Foltz IN, Chang W, Douangpanya H, Dang T, O'Neill JW, Mallari R, Zhao X, Branstetter DG, Rossi JM, Long AM, Huang X, Holland PM. Apo2L/TRAIL and the death receptor 5 agonist antibody AMG 655 cooperate to promote receptor clustering and antitumor activity. Cancer Cell 2014; 26:177-89. [PMID: 25043603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Death receptor agonist therapies have exhibited limited clinical benefit to date. Investigations into why Apo2L/TRAIL and AMG 655 preclinical data were not predictive of clinical response revealed that coadministration of Apo2L/TRAIL with AMG 655 leads to increased antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. The combination of Apo2L/TRAIL and AMG 655 results in enhanced signaling and can sensitize Apo2L/TRAIL-resistant cells. Structure determination of the Apo2L/TRAIL-DR5-AMG 655 ternary complex illustrates how higher order clustering of DR5 is achieved when both agents are combined. Enhanced agonism generated by combining Apo2L/TRAIL and AMG 655 provides insight into the limited efficacy observed in previous clinical trials and suggests testable hypotheses to reconsider death receptor agonism as a therapeutic strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Drug Synergism
- Humans
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Protein Multimerization
- Protein Structure, Quaternary
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/chemistry
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/chemistry
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/pharmacology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Julia Piasecki
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - Tammy L Bush
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Timothy Sullivan
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ian N Foltz
- Department of Biologic Discovery, Amgen British Columbia, Burnaby, BC V5A 1V7, Canada
| | - Wesley Chang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Thu Dang
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jason W O'Neill
- Department of Biologic Optimization, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - Rommel Mallari
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Xiaoning Zhao
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | | | - John M Rossi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Computational Biology, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | - Alexander M Long
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Pamela M Holland
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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38
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Huang TH, Huo L, Wang YN, Xia W, Wei Y, Chang SS, Chang WC, Fang YF, Chen CT, Lang JY, Tu C, Wang Y, Hsu MC, Kuo HP, Ko HW, Shen J, Lee HH, Lee PC, Wu Y, Chen CH, Hung MC. Epidermal growth factor receptor potentiates MCM7-mediated DNA replication through tyrosine phosphorylation of Lyn kinase in human cancers. Cancer Cell 2013; 23:796-810. [PMID: 23764002 PMCID: PMC3703149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) initiates a signaling cascade that leads to DNA synthesis and cell proliferation, but its role in regulating DNA replication licensing is unclear. Here, we show that activated EGFR phosphorylates the p56 isoform of Lyn, p56(Lyn), at Y32, which then phosphorylates MCM7, a licensing factor critical for DNA replication, at Y600 to increase its association with other minichromosome maintenance complex proteins, thereby promoting DNA synthesis complex assembly and cell proliferation. Both p56(Lyn) Y32 and MCM7 Y600 phosphorylation are enhanced in proliferating cells and correlated with poor survival of breast cancer patients. These results establish a signaling cascade in which EGFR enhances MCM7 phosphorylation and DNA replication through Lyn phosphorylation in human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Longfei Huo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Ying-Nai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
- Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
| | - Weiya Xia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Yongkun Wei
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Shih-Shin Chang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Fu Fang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Chun-Te Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Jing-Yu Lang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Chun Tu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Ming-Chuan Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Hsu-Ping Kuo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - How-Wen Ko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Jia Shen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Heng-Huan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Pei-Chih Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Chung-Hsuan Chen
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
- Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Box 108, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030.
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Huang TH, Sugita K, Yokota M. Toward artificial Kansei based on Mental Image Directed Semantic Theory. Artif Life Robotics 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10015-012-0036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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40
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Wang Y, Ding Q, Yen CJ, Xia W, Izzo JG, Lang JY, Li CW, Hsu JL, Miller SA, Wang X, Lee DF, Hsu JM, Huo L, Labaff AM, Liu D, Huang TH, Lai CC, Tsai FJ, Chang WC, Chen CH, Wu TT, Buttar NS, Wang KK, Wu Y, Wang H, Ajani J, Hung MC. The crosstalk of mTOR/S6K1 and Hedgehog pathways. Cancer Cell 2012; 21:374-87. [PMID: 22439934 PMCID: PMC3350095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is the most prevalent esophageal cancer type in the United States. The TNF-α/mTOR pathway is known to mediate the development of EAC. Additionally, aberrant activation of Gli1, downstream effector of the Hedgehog (HH) pathway, has been observed in EAC. In this study, we found that an activated mTOR/S6K1 pathway promotes Gli1 transcriptional activity and oncogenic function through S6K1-mediated Gli1 phosphorylation at Ser84, which releases Gli1 from its endogenous inhibitor, SuFu. Moreover, elimination of S6K1 activation by an mTOR pathway inhibitor enhances the killing effects of the HH pathway inhibitor. Together, our results established a crosstalk between the mTOR/S6K1 and HH pathways, which provides a mechanism for SMO-independent Gli1 activation and also a rationale for combination therapy for EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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41
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Huo L, Wang YN, Xia W, Hsu SC, Lai CC, Li LY, Chang WC, Wang Y, Hsu MC, Yu YL, Huang TH, Ding Q, Chen CH, Tsai CH, Hung MC. Abstract 1086: RHA plays an important role in EGFR-mediated gene transcription in cancer cells. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
EGF treatment induces the translocation of its receptor (i.e. EGFR) from the cell surface into the nucleus. Nuclear expression of EGFR is negatively correlated with overall survival of cancer patients and EGFR nuclear translocation is important for cancer cell's resistance to the treatment with Cetuximab, cisplatin and radiation. Moreover, EGFR in the nucleus can associates with other proteins including STAT3, STAT5A, DNA-PK and PCNA to regulate cell transformation, proliferation, and DNA repair and replication. It has been demonstrated that nuclear EGFR regulates gene transcription through its binding to an AT-rich sequence (ATRS) of target gene promoter. However, EGFR does not have a DNA-binding domain and there is no evidence to support the direct binding of EGFR to the specific DNA sequence. Thus, identification of a DNA-binding partner of nuclear EGFR is crucial for us to understand how EGFR regulates gene transcription in the nucleus. Using a non-biased approach, we identified RNA helicase A (i.e. RHA), which is a highly conserved, multiple functional transcriptional activator, could interact with nuclear EGFR upon EGF stimulation in several cancer cells. The EGFR/RHA complex then associated with gene promoter through binding of RHA to the AT-rich sequence of the promoter to activate its transcription. Knockdown of RHA expression was found to abrogate the binding of EGFR to its target gene promoter, thereby reducing EGF/EGFR-induced gene expression. Moreover, interruption of EGFR-RHA interaction decreased EGFR-induced promoter activity. Interestingly, we found that the EGFR/RHA-regulated gene promoter activity is dependent on the EGFR tyrosine kinase activity but independent of RHA helicase activity. Finally, we observed a positive correlation among nuclear expression of EGFR, RHA and cyclin D1 in human breast cancer tissue samples. These results, taken together, indicate that RHA is an important mediator for EGFR-induced gene transactivation in cancer cells.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1086. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1086
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weiya Xia
- 1UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr., Houston, TX
| | | | - Chein-Chen Lai
- 2China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Long-Yuan Li
- 3Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- 4Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan Wang
- 1UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Ctr., Houston, TX
| | | | - Yung-Luen Yu
- 2China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chung-Hsuan Chen
- 4Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hai Tsai
- 2China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Tuggle CK, Bearson SMD, Uthe JJ, Huang TH, Couture OP, Wang YF, Kuhar D, Lunney JK, Honavar V. Methods for transcriptomic analyses of the porcine host immune response: application to Salmonella infection using microarrays. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2010; 138:280-91. [PMID: 21036404 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Technological developments in both the collection and analysis of molecular genetic data over the past few years have provided new opportunities for an improved understanding of the global response to pathogen exposure. Such developments are particularly dramatic for scientists studying the pig, where tools to measure the expression of tens of thousands of transcripts, as well as unprecedented data on the porcine genome sequence, have combined to expand our abilities to elucidate the porcine immune system. In this review, we describe these recent developments in the context of our work using primarily microarrays to explore gene expression changes during infection of pigs by Salmonella. Thus while the focus is not a comprehensive review of all possible approaches, we provide links and information on both the tools we use as well as alternatives commonly available for transcriptomic data collection and analysis of porcine immune responses. Through this review, we expect readers will gain an appreciation for the necessary steps to plan, conduct, analyze and interpret the data from transcriptomic analyses directly applicable to their research interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Tuggle
- Department of Animal Science, and Center for Integrated Animal Genomics, 2255 Kildee Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, United States.
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Abstract
Gradient-type Hopfield networks have been widely used in optimization problems solving. This paper presents a novel application by developing a matrix oriented gradient approach to solve a class of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which are commonly encountered in the robust control system analysis and design. The solution process is parallel and distributed in neural computation. The proposed networks are proven to be stable in the large. Representative LMIs such as generalized Lyapunov matrix inequalities, simultaneous Lyapunov matrix inequalities, and algebraic Riccati matrix inequalities are considered. Several examples are provided to demonstrate the proposed results. To verify the proposed control scheme in real-time applications, a high-speed digital signal processor is used to emulate the neural-net-based control scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Lin
- Department of Automatic Control Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40724 R.O.C
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Kuo HP, Lee DF, Chen CT, Liu M, Chou CK, Lee HJ, Du Y, Xie X, Wei Y, Xia W, Weihua Z, Yang JY, Yen CJ, Huang TH, Tan M, Xing G, Zhao Y, Lin CH, Tsai SF, Fidler IJ, Hung MC. ARD1 stabilization of TSC2 suppresses tumorigenesis through the mTOR signaling pathway. Sci Signal 2010; 3:ra9. [PMID: 20145209 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates various cellular functions, including tumorigenesis, and is inhibited by the tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1)-TSC2 complex. Here, we demonstrate that arrest-defective protein 1 (ARD1) physically interacts with, acetylates, and stabilizes TSC2, thereby repressing mTOR activity. The inhibition of mTOR by ARD1 inhibits cell proliferation and increases autophagy, thereby inhibiting tumorigenicity. Correlation between ARD1 and TSC2 abundance was apparent in multiple tumor types. Moreover, evaluation of loss of heterozygosity at Xq28 revealed allelic loss in 31% of tested breast cancer cell lines and tumor samples. Together, our findings suggest that ARD1 functions as an inhibitor of the mTOR pathway and that dysregulation of the ARD1-TSC2-mTOR axis may contribute to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Ping Kuo
- 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Huang TH, Wu F, Loeb GB, Hsu R, Heidersbach A, Brincat A, Horiuchi D, Lebbink RJ, Mo YY, Goga A, McManus MT. Up-regulation of miR-21 by HER2/neu signaling promotes cell invasion. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:18515-24. [PMID: 19419954 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.006676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase HER2/neu enhances tumor metastasis. Recent studies suggest that deregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression promotes invasion and metastasis of cancer cells; we therefore explored the possibility that HER2/neu signaling induces the expression of specific miRNAs involved in this process. We identified a putative oncogenic miRNA, miR-21, whose expression is correlated with HER2/neu up-regulation and is functionally involved in HER2/neu-induced cell invasion. We show that miR-21 is up-regulated via the MAPK (ERK1/2) pathway upon stimulation of HER2/neu signaling in breast cancer cells, and overexpression of other ERK1/2 activators such as RASV12 or ID-1 is sufficient to induce miR-21 up-regulation in HER2/neu-negative breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the metastasis suppressor protein PDCD4 (programmed cell death 4) is down-regulated by miR-21 in breast cancer cells expressing HER2/neu. Our data reveal a mechanism for HER2/neu-induced cancer cell invasion via miRNA deregulation. In addition, our results identify miR-21 as a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of breast cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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Huang TH, He L, Qin Q, Yang Q, Peng G, Harada M, Qi Y, Yamahara J, Roufogalis BD, Li Y. Salacia oblonga root decreases cardiac hypertrophy in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: inhibition of cardiac expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Diabetes Obes Metab 2008; 10:574-85. [PMID: 17645561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2007.00750.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the effect of the water extract of Salacia oblonga (SOE), an ayurvedic antidiabetic and antiobesity medicine, on obesity and diabetes-associated cardiac hypertrophy and discuss the role of modulation of cardiac angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT(1)) expression in the effect. METHODS SOE (100 mg/kg) was given orally to male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats for 7 weeks. At the end-point of the treatment, the hearts and left ventricles were weighed, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional areas were measured, and cardiac gene profiles were analysed. On the other hand, angiotensin II-stimulated embryonic rat heart-derived H9c2 cells and neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts were pretreated with SOE and one of its prominent components mangiferin (MA), respectively. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) mRNA expression and protein synthesis and [(3)H]thymidine incorporation were determined. RESULTS SOE-treated ZDF rats showed less cardiac hypertrophy (decrease in weights of the hearts and left ventricles and reduced cardiomyocyte cross-sectional areas). SOE treatment suppressed cardiac overexpression of ANP, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and AT(1) mRNAs and AT(1) protein in ZDF rats. SOE (50-100 microg/ml) and MA (25 micromol) suppressed angiotensin II-induced ANP mRNA overexpression and protein synthesis in H9c2 cells. They also inhibited angiotensin II-stimulated [(3)H]thymidine incorporation by cardiac fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that SOE decreases cardiac hypertrophy in ZDF rats, at least in part by inhibiting cardiac AT(1) overexpression. These studies provide insights into a potential cardioprotective role of a traditional herb, which supports further clinical evaluation in obesity and diabetes-associated cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Huang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Australia
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Mulley JC, Turner AM, Gedeon AK, Berdoukas VA, Huang TH, Ledbetter DH, Grierson H, Purtilo DT. X-linked lymphoproliferative disease: prenatal detection of an unaffected histocompatible male. Clin Genet 2008; 42:76-9. [PMID: 1358486 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1992.tb03143.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chorionic Villous Biopsy (CVS) for diagnosis of XLP was undertaken at 10 weeks gestation in an obligate carrier. The fetus was found to be male by cytogenetic analysis. XLP (Xq25-q26) is closely linked to the RFLP markers DXS10, DXS37 and DXS42, but only DXS10 (distal to XLP) was informative for prenatal diagnosis in this family. RFLP analysis using this marker gave a 7% risk that the fetus was affected, based on the known recombination frequency between DXS10 and XLP. Further investigation was then undertaken to obtain a rapid and more accurate diagnosis using the three highly polymorphic PCR based markers. These were the AC repeat markers DXS424 (XL5A) and DXS425 (XL90A3) and the tetramer repeat marker within HPRT. DX425 is approximately 10 cM proximal to DXS10 and HPRT but is not known with certainty to map proximal or distal to XLP. DXS424 is proximal to DXS10 and HPRT and was inferred to be proximal to XLP on the basis of map distance from HPRT estimated by linkage analysis of data from CEPH pedigrees. This was confirmed by a recombinant in the XLP family between DXS424 and DXS425, placing DXS424 proximal to XLP. Diagnosis by linkage using DXS424 and DXS425, at least one of which is proximal to XLP, and distal markers DXS10 and HPRT, increased the accuracy of diagnosis using flanking marker analysis to greater than 99% that the fetus was unaffected. HLA DR typing of the CVS showed that the fetus was DR identical to a male sibling with XLP. HLA compatibility was confirmed at delivery by full HLA typing and MLC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Mulley
- Department of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Adelaide Children's Hospital, South Australia
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Kim S, Li M, Paik H, Nephew K, Shi H, Kramer R, Xu D, Huang TH. Predicting DNA methylation susceptibility using CpG flanking sequences. Pac Symp Biocomput 2008:315-326. [PMID: 18229696 DOI: 10.1142/9789812776136_0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a type of chemical modification of DNA that adds a methyl group to DNA at the fifth carbon of the cytosine pyrimidine ring. In normal cells, methylation of CpG dinucleotides is extensively found across the genome. However, specific DNA regions known as the CpG islands, short CpG dinucleotide-rich stretches (500 bp - 2000bp), are commonly unmethylated. During tumorigenesis, on the other hand, global de-methylation and CpG island hypermethylation are widely observed. De novo hypermethylation at CpG dinucleotides is typically associated with loss of expression of flanking genes, thus it is believed to be an alternative to mutation and deletion in the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. In this paper, we report that sequences flanking CpG sites can be used for predicting DNA methylation levels. DNA methylation levels were measured by utilizing a new high throughput sequencing technology (454) to sequence bisulfite treated DNA from four types of primary leukemia and lymphoma cells and normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. After measuring methylation levels at each CpG site, we used 30 bp flanking sequences to characterize methylation susceptibility in terms of character compositions and built predictive models for DNA methylation susceptibility, achieving up to 75% prediction accuracy in 10-fold cross validation tests. Our study is first of its kind to build predictive models for methylation susceptibility by utilizing CpG site specific methylation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- School of Informatics, 2 Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, 3 Medical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
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Huang TH, Chintalacharuvu KR, Morrison SL. Targeting IFN-alpha to B cell lymphoma by a tumor-specific antibody elicits potent antitumor activities. J Immunol 2007; 179:6881-8. [PMID: 17982079 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.10.6881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IFN-alpha, a cytokine crucial for the innate immune response, also demonstrates antitumor activity. However, use of IFN-alpha as an anticancer drug is hampered by its short half-life and toxicity. One approach to improving IFN-alpha's therapeutic index is to increase its half-life and tumor localization by fusing it to a tumor-specific Ab. In the present study, we constructed a fusion protein consisting of anti-HER2/neu-IgG3 and IFN-alpha (anti-HER2/neu-IgG3-IFN-alpha) and investigated its effect on a murine B cell lymphoma, 38C13, expressing human HER2/neu. Anti-HER2/neu-IgG3-IFN-alpha exhibited potent inhibition of 38C13/HER2 tumor growth in vivo. Administration of three daily 1-microg doses of anti-HER2/neu-IgG3-IFN-alpha beginning 1 day after tumor challenge resulted in 88% of the mice remaining tumor free. Remarkably, anti-HER2/neu-IgG3-IFN-alpha demonstrated potent activity against established 38C13/HER2 tumors, with complete tumor remission observed in 38% of the mice treated with three daily doses of 5 microg of the fusion protein (p = 0.0001). Ab-mediated targeting of IFN-alpha induced growth arrest and apoptosis of lymphoma cells contributing to the antitumor effect. The fusion protein also had a longer in vivo half-life than rIFN-alpha. These results suggest that IFN-alpha Ab fusion proteins may be effective in the treatment of B cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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