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Arkoun B, Robert E, Boudia F, Mazzi S, Dufour V, Siret A, Mammasse Y, Aid Z, Vieira M, Imanci A, Aglave M, Cambot M, Petermann R, Souquere S, Rameau P, Catelain C, Diot R, Tachdjian G, Hermine O, Droin N, Debili N, Plo I, Malinge S, Soler E, Raslova H, Mercher T, Vainchenker W. Stepwise GATA1 and SMC3 mutations alter megakaryocyte differentiation in a Down syndrome leukemia model. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:156290. [PMID: 35587378 PMCID: PMC9282925 DOI: 10.1172/jci156290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia of Down syndrome (DS-AMKL) is a model of clonal evolution from a preleukemic transient myeloproliferative disorder requiring both a trisomy 21 (T21) and a GATA1s mutation to a leukemia driven by additional driver mutations. We modeled the megakaryocyte differentiation defect through stepwise gene editing of GATA1s, SMC3+/–, and MPLW515K, providing 20 different T21 or disomy 21 (D21) induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) clones. GATA1s profoundly reshaped iPSC-derived hematopoietic architecture with gradual myeloid-to-megakaryocyte shift and megakaryocyte differentiation alteration upon addition of SMC3 and MPL mutations. Transcriptional, chromatin accessibility, and GATA1-binding data showed alteration of essential megakaryocyte differentiation genes, including NFE2 downregulation that was associated with loss of GATA1s binding and functionally involved in megakaryocyte differentiation blockage. T21 enhanced the proliferative phenotype, reproducing the cellular and molecular abnormalities of DS-AMKL. Our study provides an array of human cell–based models revealing individual contributions of different mutations to DS-AMKL differentiation blockage, a major determinant of leukemic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Arkoun
- INSERM, UMR1287, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Elie Robert
- INSERM, UMR1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabien Boudia
- INSERM, UMR1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Stefania Mazzi
- INSERM, UMR1287, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Virginie Dufour
- INSERM, UMR1287, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Villejuif, France
| | - Aurelie Siret
- INSERM, UMR1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Yasmine Mammasse
- Département d'Immunologie Plaquettaire, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Zakia Aid
- INSERM, UMR1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Mathieu Vieira
- INSERM, UMR1287, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Aygun Imanci
- INSERM, UMR1287, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marine Aglave
- Plateforme de Bioinformatique, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Cambot
- Département d'Immunologie Plaquettaire, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Petermann
- Département d'Immunologie Plaquettaire, Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Souquere
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8122, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Rameau
- UMS AMMICA, INSERM US23, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Cyril Catelain
- UMS AMMICA, INSERM US23, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Romain Diot
- Service d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
| | - Gerard Tachdjian
- Service d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
| | | | - Nathalie Droin
- INSERM, UMR1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Najet Debili
- INSERM, UMR1287, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Plo
- INSERM, UMR1287, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sebastien Malinge
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Eric Soler
- IGMM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hana Raslova
- INSERM, UMR1287, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Thomas Mercher
- INSERM, UMR1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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2
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Migeotte A, Dufour V, van Maanen A, Berliere M, Canon JL, Taylor D, Duhoux FP. Impact of the line of treatment on progression-free survival in patients treated with T-DM1 for metastatic breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1204. [PMID: 34763656 PMCID: PMC8588736 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is indicated as second-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic or unresectable locally advanced breast cancer, after progression on trastuzumab and a taxane-based chemotherapy. We wished to determine if the line of treatment in which T-DM1 is administered has an impact on progression-free survival (PFS) and in particular, if prior treatment with capecitabine/lapatinib or pertuzumab modifies PFS of further treatment with T-DM1. Patients and methods We performed a multicenter retrospective study in 3 Belgian institutions. We evaluated PFS with T-DM1 in patients treated for HER2 positive metastatic or locally advanced unresectable breast cancer between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2016. Results We included 51 patients. The median PFS was 9.01 months. The line of treatment in which T-DM1 (1st line, 2nd line, 3rd line or 4+ lines) was administered had no influence on PFS (hazard ratio 0.979, CI95: 0.835–1.143). There was no significant difference in PFS whether or not patients had received prior treatment with capecitabine/lapatinib (9.17 vs 5.56 months, p-value 0.875). But, patients who received pertuzumab before T-DM1 tended to exhibit a shorter PFS (3.55 months for T-DM1 after pertuzumab vs 9.50 months for T-DM1 without pretreatment with pertuzumab), even if this difference was not statistically significant (p-value 0.144). Conclusion Unlike with conventional chemotherapy, the line of treatment in which T-DM1 is administered does not influence PFS in our cohort of patients with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Migeotte
- Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Medical Oncology, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Dufour
- Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Medical Oncology, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A van Maanen
- Statistical support unit, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Berliere
- Department of Gynecology, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (Pôle GYNE), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J L Canon
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - D Taylor
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHU UCL Namur, site Sainte-Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium
| | - F P Duhoux
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium. .,Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (Pôle MIRO), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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3
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Gaetani R, Lacotte V, Dufour V, Clavel A, Duport G, Gaget K, Calevro F, Da Silva P, Heddi A, Vincent D, Masenelli B. Sustainable laser-based technology for insect pest control. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11068. [PMID: 34040124 PMCID: PMC8155209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90782-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphids damage directly or indirectly cultures by feeding and spreading diseases, leading to huge economical losses. So far, only the use of pesticides can mitigate their impact, causing severe health and environmental issues. Hence, innovative eco-friendly and low-cost solutions must be promoted apart from chemical control. Here, we have investigated the use of laser radiation as a reliable solution. We have analyzed the lethal dose required to kill 90% of a population for two major pest aphid species (Acyrthosiphon pisum and Rhopalosiphum padi). We showed that irradiating insects at an early stage (one-day old nymph) is crucial to lower the lethal dose without affecting plant growth and health. The laser is mostly lethal, but it can also cause insect stunting and a reduction of survivors' fecundity. Nevertheless, we did not notice any significant visible effect on the offspring of the surviving irradiated generation. The estimated energy cost and the harmless effect of laser radiation on host plants show that this physics-based strategy can be a promising alternative to chemical pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gaetani
- INSA Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - V Lacotte
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - V Dufour
- INSA Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, AMPERE, UMR5005, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Clavel
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - G Duport
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - K Gaget
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - F Calevro
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - P Da Silva
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Heddi
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR 203, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - D Vincent
- INSA Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - B Masenelli
- INSA Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, Univ Lyon, 69621, Villeurbanne, France.
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4
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Romain A, Broihanne MH, De Marco A, Ngoubangoye B, Call J, Rebout N, Dufour V. Non-human primates use combined rules when deciding under ambiguity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20190672. [PMID: 33423632 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Decision outcomes in unpredictable environments may not have exact known probabilities. Yet the predictability level of outcomes matters in decisions, and animals, including humans, generally avoid ambiguous options. Managing ambiguity may be more challenging and requires stronger cognitive skills than decision-making under risk, where decisions involve known probabilities. Here we compare decision-making in capuchins, macaques, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos in risky and ambiguous contexts. Subjects were shown lotteries (a tray of potential rewards, some large, some small) and could gamble a medium-sized food item to obtain one of the displayed rewards. The odds of winning and losing varied and were accessible in the risky context (all rewards were visible) or partially available in the ambiguous context (some rewards were covered). In the latter case, the level of information varied from fully ambiguous (individuals could not guess what was under the covers) to predictable (individuals could guess). None of the species avoided gambling in ambiguous lotteries and gambling rates were high if at least two large rewards were visible. Capuchins and bonobos ignored the covered items and gorillas and macaques took the presence of potential rewards into account, but only chimpanzees and orangutans could consistently build correct expectations about the size of the covered rewards. Chimpanzees and orangutans combined decision rules according to the number of large visible rewards and the level of predictability, a process resembling conditional probabilities assessment in humans. Despite a low sample size, this is the first evidence in non-human primates that a combination of several rules can underlie choices made in an unpredictable environment. Our finding that non-human primates can deal with the uncertainty of an outcome when exchanging one food item for another is a key element to the understanding of the evolutionary origins of economic behaviour. This article is part of the theme issue 'Existence and prevalence of economic behaviours among non-human primates'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romain
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M-H Broihanne
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Gestion et Economie, EM Strasbourg Business School, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A De Marco
- Fondazione Ethoikos, Radicondoli, Italy.,Parco Faunistico di Piano dell'Abatino, Poggio San Lorenzo, Italy
| | | | - J Call
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.,Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - N Rebout
- PRC, UMR 7247, Cognitive and social ethology team, INRAE-CNRS-IFCE, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - V Dufour
- PRC, UMR 7247, Cognitive and social ethology team, INRAE-CNRS-IFCE, University of Tours, Tours, France
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5
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Duhoux FP, Dufour V, van Maanen A, Berliere M, Taylor D, Canon JL. Abstract P6-17-32: Impact of the line of treatment on progression-free survival in patients treated with T-DM1 for metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-17-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors, conjugated with a cytotoxic component (a microtubule inhibitor). It is indicated as second-line treatment for HER2-positive metastatic or unresectable locally advanced breast cancer, after progression on trastuzumab and a taxane-based chemotherapy.
In HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, progression-free survival (PFS) declines with each line of therapy, while patients with HER2-positive disease receive the most lines of chemotherapy and the longest duration for every line. We wished to investigate whether the line of treatment in which T-DM1 is administered has an impact on PFS. We also wished to explore whether prior treatment with capecitabine / lapatinib or pertuzumab had an impact on PFS, as none of the patients included in the registration trial had received these treatments before their inclusion in the trial.
Methods This is a multicenter retrospective study performed in 3 Belgian institutions. All patients received T-DM1 for HER2 positive metastatic or unresectable locally advanced breast cancer. The primary outcome was PFS with T-DM1, defined as the period between the first administration of T-DM1 and the first radiological or clinical assessment demonstrating progression of the disease.
Results We included 51 patients. One patient had to be excluded from the analyses because she no longer had HER positive disease. The median PFS was 9.01 months. The line of treatment in which T-DM1 was administered had no influence on PFS (hazard ratio 0.976, CI95 0.835-1.142).
There was no statistically significant difference in PFS between patients who had not received capecitabine / lapatinib before T-DM1 and those who had (9.11 vs 8.91 months, p-value 0.466).
Median PFS was 10.07 months when T-DM1 was administered prior to pertuzumab, and 5 months when administered after pertuzumab. Patients who received pertuzumab before T-DM1 thus tended to exhibit a shorter PFS. However, this difference is not statistically significant (p-value 0.096).
Conclusions Unlike with conventional chemotherapy, the line of treatment in which T-DM1 is administered does not influence PFS in metastatic breast cancer patients.
Citation Format: Duhoux FP, Dufour V, van Maanen A, Berliere M, Taylor D, Canon J-L. Impact of the line of treatment on progression-free survival in patients treated with T-DM1 for metastatic breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-17-32.
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Affiliation(s)
- FP Duhoux
- King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (Pôle MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Statistical Support Unit, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; CHU UCL Namur, Site Sainte-Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium; Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - V Dufour
- King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (Pôle MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Statistical Support Unit, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; CHU UCL Namur, Site Sainte-Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium; Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - A van Maanen
- King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (Pôle MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Statistical Support Unit, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; CHU UCL Namur, Site Sainte-Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium; Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - M Berliere
- King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (Pôle MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Statistical Support Unit, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; CHU UCL Namur, Site Sainte-Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium; Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - D Taylor
- King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (Pôle MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Statistical Support Unit, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; CHU UCL Namur, Site Sainte-Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium; Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - J-L Canon
- King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (Pôle MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Statistical Support Unit, King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; CHU UCL Namur, Site Sainte-Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium; Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
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Lalaurie CJ, Dufour V, Meletiou A, Ratcliffe S, Harland A, Wilson O, Vamasiri C, Shoemark DK, Williams C, Arthur CJ, Sessions RB, Crump MP, Anderson JLR, Curnow P. The de novo design of a biocompatible and functional integral membrane protein using minimal sequence complexity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14564. [PMID: 30275547 PMCID: PMC6167376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31964-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The de novo design of integral membrane proteins remains a major challenge in protein chemistry. Here, we describe the bottom-up design of a genetically-encoded synthetic membrane protein comprising only four amino acids (L, S, G and W) in the transmembrane domains. This artificial sequence, which we call REAMP for recombinantly expressed artificial membrane protein, is a single chain of 133 residues arranged into four antiparallel membrane-spanning α-helices. REAMP was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and localized to the cytoplasmic membrane with the intended transmembrane topology. Recombinant REAMP could be extracted from the cell membrane in detergent micelles and was robust and stable in vitro, containing helical secondary structure consistent with the original design. Engineered mono- and bis-histidine residues in the membrane domain of REAMP were able to coordinate heme in vitro, in a manner reminiscent of natural b-type cytochromes. This binding shifted the electrochemical potential of the cofactor, producing a synthetic hemoprotein capable of nascent redox catalysis. These results show that a highly reduced set of amino acids is sufficient to mimic some key properties of natural proteins, and that cellular biosynthesis is a viable route for the production of minimal de novo membrane sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Virginie Dufour
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
| | - Anna Meletiou
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Olivia Wilson
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Deborah K Shoemark
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
| | - Christopher Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Richard B Sessions
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
| | - Matthew P Crump
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
| | - J L Ross Anderson
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul Curnow
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. .,BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK.
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7
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Nancolas B, Bull ID, Stenner R, Dufour V, Curnow P. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Atf1p is an alcohol acetyltransferase and a thioesterase in vitro. Yeast 2017; 34:239-251. [PMID: 28160314 PMCID: PMC5484351 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The alcohol-O-acyltransferases are bisubstrate enzymes that catalyse the transfer of acyl chains from an acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) donor to an acceptor alcohol. In the industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae this reaction produces acyl esters that are an important influence on the flavour of fermented beverages and foods. There is also a growing interest in using acyltransferases to produce bulk quantities of acyl esters in engineered microbial cell factories. However, the structure and function of the alcohol-O-acyltransferases remain only partly understood. Here, we recombinantly express, purify and characterize Atf1p, the major alcohol acetyltransferase from S. cerevisiae. We find that Atf1p is promiscuous with regard to the alcohol cosubstrate but that the acyltransfer activity is specific for acetyl-CoA. Additionally, we find that Atf1p is an efficient thioesterase in vitro with specificity towards medium-chain-length acyl-CoAs. Unexpectedly, we also find that mutating the supposed catalytic histidine (H191) within the conserved HXXXDG active site motif only moderately reduces the thioesterase activity of Atf1p. Our results imply a role for Atf1p in CoA homeostasis and suggest that engineering Atf1p to reduce the thioesterase activity could improve product yields of acetate esters from cellular factories. © 2017 The Authors. Yeast published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian D Bull
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard Stenner
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Virginie Dufour
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul Curnow
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BrisSynBio, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
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Abstract
Current and recent advances in polymeric and nano-enhanced membrane developments for reverse osmosis are reported in terms of membrane performance and fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Giwa
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Masdar Institute of Science and Technology
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - Nawshad Akther
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Masdar Institute of Science and Technology
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - Virginie Dufour
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Masdar Institute of Science and Technology
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - Shadi Wajih Hasan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Masdar Institute of Science and Technology
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
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Bousquet J, Bourret R, Camuzat T, Augé P, Domy P, Bringer J, Best N, Jonquet O, de la Coussaye JE, Noguès M, Robine JM, Avignon A, Blain H, Combe B, Dray G, Dufour V, Fouletier M, Giraudeau N, Hève D, Jeandel C, Laffont I, Larrey D, Laune D, Laurent C, Mares P, Marion C, Pastor E, Pélissier JY, Radier-Pontal F, Reynes J, Royère E, Ychou M, Bedbrook A, Granier S, Abecassis F, Albert S, Adnet PA, Alomène B, Amouyal M, Arnavielhe S, Asteriou T, Attalin V, Aubas P, Azevedo C, Badin M, Bakhti, Baptista G, Bardy B, Battesti MP, Bénézet O, Bernard PL, Berr C, Berthe J, Bobia X, Bockaert J, Boegner C, Boichot S, Bonnin HY, Boulet P, Bouly S, Boubakri C, Bourdin A, Bourrain JL, Bourrel G, Bouix V, Breuker C, Bruguière V, Burille J, Cade S, Caimmi D, Calmels MV, Camu W, Canovas G, Carre V, Cavalli G, Cayla G, Chiron R, Claret PG, Coignard P, Coroian F, Costa DJ, Costa P, Cottalorda, Coulet B, Coupet AL, Courrouy-Michel MC, Courtet P, Cristol JP, Cros V, Cuisinier F, Daien C, Danko M, Dauenhauer P, Dauzat M, David M, Davy JM, Delignières D, Demoly P, Desplan J, Dhivert-Donnadieu H, Dujols P, Dupeyron A, Dupeyron G, Engberink O, Enjalbert M, Fattal C, Fernandes J, Fesler P, Fraisse P, Froger J, Gabrion P, Galano E, Gellerat-Rogier M, Gellis A, Goucham AY, Gouzi F, Gressard F, Gris JC, Guillot B, Guiraud D, Handweiler V, Hantkié H, Hayot M, Hérisson C, Heroum C, Hoa D, Jacquemin S, Jaber S, Jakovenko D, Jorgensen C, Journot L, Kaczorek M, Kouyoudjian P, Labauge P, Landreau L, Lapierre M, Leblond C, Léglise MS, Lemaitre JM, Le Moing V, Le Quellec A, Leclercq F, Lehmann S, Lognos B, Lussert JM, Makinson A, Mandrick K, Marmelat V, Martin-Gousset P, Matheron A, Mathieu G, Meissonnier M, Mercier G, Messner P, Meunier C, Mondain M, Morales R, Morel J, Morquin D, Mottet D, Nérin P, Nicolas P, Ninot G, Nouvel F, Ortiz JP, Paccard D, Pandraud G, Pasdelou MP, Pasquié JL, Patte K, Perrey S, Pers YM, Picot MC, Pin JP, Pinto N, Porte E, Portejoie F, Pujol JL, Quantin X, Quéré I, Raffort N, Ramdani S, Ribstein J, Rédini-Martinez I, Richard S, Ritchie K, Riso JP, Rivier F, Rolland C, Roubille F, Sablot D, Savy JL, Schifano L, Senesse P, Sicard R, Soua B, Stephan Y, Strubel D, Sultan A, Taddei-Ologeanu, Tallon G, Tanfin M, Tassery H, Tavares I, Torre K, Touchon J, Tribout V, Uziel A, Van de Perre P, Vasquez X, Verdier JM, Vergne-Richard C, Vergotte G, Vian L, Viarouge-Reunier C, Vialla F, Viart F, Villain M, Villiet M, Viollet E, Wojtusciszyn A, Aoustin M, Bourquin C, Mercier J. Introduction. Presse Med 2015; 44 Suppl 1:S1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Romain O, Le Sage FV, Dufour V, Grimprel E, Guérin N, Cohen R. Depuis le nouveau calendrier vaccinal, les rattrapages sont-il simplifiés? Arch Pediatr 2015; 22:23-5. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(15)30013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are natural plant products generated by the enzymic hydrolysis of glucosinolates found in Brassicaceae vegetables. These natural sulfur compounds and their dithiocarbamate conjugates have been previously evaluated for their anti-cancerous properties. Their antimicrobial properties have been previously studied as well, mainly for food preservation and plant pathogen control. Recently, several revelations concerning the mode of action of ITCs in prokaryotes have emerged. This review addresses these new studies and proposes a model to summarize the current knowledge and hypotheses for the antibacterial effect of ITCs and whether they may provide the basis for the design of novel antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Dufour
- Equipe EA1254, Microbiologie Risques Infectieux, University of Rennes 1, F-35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - Martin Stahl
- Division of Gastroenterology, BC's Children's Hospital, Child and Family Research Institute and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christine Baysse
- Equipe EA1254, Microbiologie Risques Infectieux, University of Rennes 1, F-35042 Rennes cedex, France
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Gaudelus J, Pinquier D, Romain O, Thiebault G, Vie le Sage F, Dommergues M, Hau I, Bakhache P, Virey B, Dufour V, Parez N, Guerin N, Aujard Y, Weil-Olivier C, Cohen R. Le nouveau calendrier vaccinal est-il adapté à l’ancien prématuré ? Arch Pediatr 2014; 21:1062-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Dufour V, Stahl M, Rosenfeld E, Stintzi A, Baysse C. Insights into the mode of action of benzyl isothiocyanate on Campylobacter jejuni. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:6958-68. [PMID: 24014524 PMCID: PMC3811535 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01967-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a widespread pathogen responsible for most of the food-borne gastrointestinal diseases in Europe. The use of natural antimicrobial molecules is a promising alternative to antibiotic treatments for pathogen control in the food industry. Isothiocyanates are natural antimicrobial compounds, which also display anticancer activity. Several studies described the chemoprotective effect of isothiocyanates on eukaryotic cells, but the antimicrobial mechanism is still poorly understood. We investigated the early cellular response of C. jejuni to benzyl isothiocyanate by both transcriptomic and physiological approaches. The transcriptomic response of C. jejuni to benzyl isothiocyanate showed upregulation of heat shock response genes and an impact on energy metabolism. Oxygen consumption was progressively impaired by benzyl isothiocyanate treatment, as revealed by high-resolution respirometry, while the ATP content increased soon after benzyl isothiocyanate exposition, which suggests a shift in the energy metabolism balance. Finally, benzyl isothiocyanate induced intracellular protein aggregation. These results indicate that benzyl isothiocyanate affects C. jejuni by targeting proteins, resulting in the disruption of major metabolic processes and eventually leading to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Dufour
- EA1254 Microbiologie et Risques Infectieux, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Martin Stahl
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Alain Stintzi
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Christine Baysse
- EA1254 Microbiologie et Risques Infectieux, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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Bertrand G, Jallu V, Beranger T, Bianchi F, Casale C, Dufour V, Chenet C, Quesne J, Martageix C, Kaplan C. Nouvelle mutation sur le gène de l’intégrine α2 : implication pour le diagnostic d’allo-immunisation fœto-maternelle. Transfus Clin Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2013.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Dufour V, Li J, Flint A, Rosenfeld E, Rivoal K, Georgeault S, Alazzam B, Ermel G, Stintzi A, Bonnaure-Mallet M, Baysse C. Inactivation of the LysR regulator Cj1000 of Campylobacter jejuni affects host colonization and respiration. Microbiology (Reading) 2013; 159:1165-1178. [PMID: 23558264 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.062992-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation mediates adaptation of pathogens to environmental stimuli and is important for host colonization. The Campylobacter jejuni genome sequence reveals a surprisingly small set of regulators, mostly of unknown function, suggesting an intricate regulatory network. Interestingly, C. jejuni lacks the homologues of ubiquitous regulators involved in stress response found in many other Gram-negative bacteria. Nonetheless, cj1000 is predicted to encode the sole LysR-type regulator in the C. jejuni genome, and thus may be involved in major adaptation pathways. A cj1000 mutant strain was constructed and found to be attenuated in its ability to colonize 1-day-old chicks. Complementation of the cj1000 mutation restored the colonization ability to wild-type levels. The mutant strain was also outcompeted in a competitive colonization assay of the piglet intestine. Oxygraphy was carried out for what is believed to be the first time with the Oroboros Oxygraph-2k on C. jejuni and revealed a role for Cj1000 in controlling O2 consumption. Furthermore, microarray analysis of the cj1000 mutant revealed both direct and indirect regulatory targets, including genes involved in energy metabolism and oxidative stress defences. These results highlight the importance of Cj1000 regulation in host colonization and in major physiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Annika Flint
- Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alain Stintzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
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16
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Bertrand G, Jallu V, Beranger T, Bianchi F, Casale C, Dufour V, Chenet C, Quesne J, Martageix C, Kaplan C. HPA-5 typing discrepancy reveals an Ile503Leu substitution in platelet GPIa (α2 integrin). Vox Sang 2013; 105:73-6. [PMID: 23368983 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In fetal/neonatal thrombocytopenia, maternal alloimmunization is diagnosed by the identification of the maternal alloantibody and the offending paternal antigen inherited by the foetus/neonate. Today, for practical reasons, most laboratories perform platelet genotyping instead of phenotyping. Here, we report the case of a human platelet antigen (HPA)-5 genotype/phenotype discrepancy observed in a mother who delivered a mildly thrombocytopenic newborn. MATERIALS AND METHODS Platelet antibody detection and platelet phenotyping were performed using the MAIPA assay; platelet genotypes were determined using BeadChip technology (BioArray), PCR-SSP, PCR-RFLP and sequencing. RESULTS Serological investigations revealed the presence of maternal anti-GPIIbIIIa autoantibodies. No alloantibodies were detected. No feto-maternal platelet incompatibility was observed for HPA-1 to -21. The mother and newborn were genotyped as HPA-5aa using BeadChips, but as HPA-5a (weak b) with PCR-SSP and HPA-5ab with PCR-RFLP. Mother's platelets were phenotyped as HPA-5b(+). GPIa exon 13 sequencing confirmed the HPA-5ab genotype of the mother and newborn, and revealed an NM_002203.3:c.1594A>C mutation near the HPA-5 polymorphism (5' side), leading to an I503L amino acid change. CONCLUSION Feto-maternal alloimmunization was ruled out: the neonatal thrombocytopenia probably resulted from maternal anti-GPIIbIIIa autoantibodies. This case highlights that platelet typing should be performed using two different methods to avoid false diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bertrand
- Platelet Immunology Unit, INTS, Paris, France.
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Cohen R, Bégué P, Bakhache P, Dommergues MA, Dufour V, Garnier JM, Gaudelus J, Guérin N, Grimprel E, Hau I, Pinquier D, Reinert P, Romain O, Thiebault G, Vie le Sage F, Virey B, Weil-Olivier C, Siegrist CA. [The future of vaccination in France]. Arch Pediatr 2013; 19:1386-7. [PMID: 23346573 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Cohen
- Service de réanimation néonatale, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, 157, avenue Porte-de-Trivaux, 92140 Clamart, France
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Dommergues MA, Gaudelus J, Weil-Olivier C, Thiebault G, Vié le Sage F, Virey B, Dufour V, Romain O, Cohen R. [Rotavirus vaccination in 2012. Position of the Pediatric Infections Pathology Group (GPIP) and the French Association of Ambulatory Pediatrics (AFPA)]. Arch Pediatr 2012. [PMID: 23178138 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(12)71290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In 2008 and 2010, the Comité technique des vaccinations and the Haut Conseil de Santé Publique have not recommended generalized vaccination against rotavirus (RV) in France. The Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique (GPIP) and the Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA) believes that it is time to reconsider the recommendation. Indeed, on the one hand, answers were made on the presence of circovirus in vaccines and the risk of intussusception, on the other hand, these vaccines are already implemented in vaccination programs in many developing countries or countries with income intermediate and high. Finally, independent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness in countries with widespread vaccinations (without significant genotypic changes of circulating strains). In addition, implementation would have a major impact on our health care system, changes of the epidemic curve of RV infections (delayed and shortened) to prevent the coexistence of different epidemics occurring during the fall and winter. Remains medico-economic evaluation, which is not of the competence and the responsibility of GPIP and AFPA. However, it seems surprising that developing or middle-income countries have been able to generalize this vaccination and that France can't do it.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-A Dommergues
- Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, 177 rue Versailles, 78150 Le Chesnay, France.
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Cohen R, Garnier JM, Bégué P, Bakhache P, Besse P, Dommergues MA, Dufour V, Gaudelus J, Grimprel E, Guérin N, Hau I, Pinquier D, Reinert P, Romain O, Virey B, Vié le Sage F, Weil-Olivier C, Siegrist. CA. Erratum à l’article « Bulletin Infovac » [Arch Pediatr 19 (2012) 1140–1141]. Arch Pediatr 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Grange F, Barbe C, Aubin F, Arnoult G, Le Clainche A, Dufour V, Lesage C, Woronoff AS. Mélanomes des mains et des pieds : une étude française basée sur la population. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2012.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Dufour V, Alazzam B, Ermel G, Thepaut M, Rossero A, Tresse O, Baysse C. Antimicrobial activities of isothiocyanates against Campylobacter jejuni isolates. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2012; 2:53. [PMID: 22919644 PMCID: PMC3417524 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-borne human infection with Campylobacter jejuni is a medical concern in both industrialized and developing countries. Efficient eradication of C. jejuni reservoirs within live animals and processed foods is limited by the development of antimicrobial resistances and by practical problems related to the use of conventional antibiotics in food processes. We have investigated the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of two phytochemicals, allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC), and benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), against 24 C. jejuni isolates from chicken feces, human infections, and contaminated foods, as well as two reference strains NCTC11168 and 81-176. AITC and BITC displayed a potent antibacterial activity against C. jejuni. BITC showed a higher overall antibacterial effect (MIC of 1.25-5 μg mL(-1)) compared to AITC (MIC of 50-200 μg mL(-1)). Both compounds are bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic. The sensitivity levels of C. jejuni isolates against isothiocyanates were neither correlated with the presence of a GGT (γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase) encoding gene in the genome, with antibiotic resistance nor with the origin of the biological sample. However the ggt mutant of C. jejuni 81-176 displayed a decreased survival rate compared to wild-type when exposed to ITC. This work determined the MIC of two ITC against a panel of C. jejuni isolates, showed that both compounds are bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic, and highlighted the role of GGT enzyme in the survival rate of C. jejuni exposed to ITC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Dufour
- Duals Team, UMR6026-CNRS, University of Rennes 1Rennes, France
| | - Bachar Alazzam
- Duals Team, UMR6026-CNRS, University of Rennes 1Rennes, France
| | - Gwennola Ermel
- Duals Team, UMR6026-CNRS, University of Rennes 1Rennes, France
| | - Marion Thepaut
- Duals Team, UMR6026-CNRS, University of Rennes 1Rennes, France
| | - Albert Rossero
- INRA UMR1014 SECALIM 1014Nantes, France
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, University of NantesNantes, France
| | - Odile Tresse
- INRA UMR1014 SECALIM 1014Nantes, France
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, University of NantesNantes, France
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Aubert M, Aumaître H, Beytout J, Bloch K, Bouhour D, Callamand P, Chave C, Cheymol J, Combadière B, Dahlab A, Denis F, De Pontual L, Dodet B, Dommergues MA, Dufour V, Gagneur A, Gaillat J, Gaudelus J, Gavazzi G, Gillet Y, Gras-le-Guen C, Haas H, Hanslik T, Hau-Rainsard I, Larnaudie S, Launay O, Lorrot M, Loulergue P, Malvy D, Marchand S, Picherot G, Pinquier D, Pulcini C, Rabaud C, Regnier F, Reinert P, Sana C, Savagner C, Soubeyrand B, Stephan JL, Strady C. [Current events in vaccination]. Arch Pediatr 2011; 18:1234-46. [PMID: 22019286 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2011.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The annual meeting of the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) ; which brought together nearly 5000 participants from over 80 countries in Vancouver, Canada, October 21 to 24, 2010 ; provided a review of the influenza (H1N1) 2009 pandemic, evaluated vaccination programmes and presented new vaccines under development. With 12,500 deaths in the United States in 2009-2010, the influenza (H1N1) 2009 pandemic was actually less deadly than the seasonal flu. But it essentially hit the young, and the toll calculated in years of life lost is high. The monovalent vaccines, whether live attenuated or inactivated with or without adjuvants, were well tolerated in toddlers, children, adults and pregnant women. In order to protect infants against pertussis, family members are urged to get their booster shots. The introduction of the 13-valent Pneumococcal conjugated vaccine in the beginning of 2010 may solve - but for how long ? - the problem of serotype replacement, responsible for the re-increasing incidence of invasive Pneumococcal infections observed in countries that had introduced the 7-valent vaccine. The efficacy of a rotavirus vaccine has been confirmed, with a reduction in hospitalization in the United States and a reduction in gastroenteritis-related deaths in Mexico. In the United States, vaccination of pre-adolescents against human papillomavirus (HPV) has not resulted in any specific undesirable effects. Routine vaccination against chicken pox, recommended since 1995, has not had an impact on the evolution of the incidence of shingles. Vaccination against shingles, recommended in the United States for subjects 60 years and over, shows an effectiveness of 55 %, according to a cohort study (Kaiser Permanente, Southern California). Although some propose the development of personalized vaccines according to individual genetic characteristics, the priority remains with increasing vaccine coverage, not only in infants but also in adults and the elderly. Vaccine calendars that cover a whole lifetime should be promoted, since the vaccination of adults and seniors is a determining factor of good health at all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aubert
- Groupe Avancées Vaccinales, 69007 Lyon, France
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23
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Cohen R, Dufour V, Floret D, Dommergues MA, Bégué P, Bakhache P, Besse P, Garnier JM, Gaudelus J, Grimprel E, Guérin N, Hau I, Pinquier D, Reinert P, Romain O, Thiebault G, Virey B, Vié Le Sage F, Weil-Olivier C, Siegrist CA. [Special report on vaccination week: measles, April No. 4/2011 1]. Arch Pediatr 2011; 18:932-933. [PMID: 21905320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Fontenelle C, Blanco C, Arrieta M, Dufour V, Trautwetter A. Resistance to organic hydroperoxides requires ohr and ohrR genes in Sinorhizobium meliloti. BMC Microbiol 2011; 11:100. [PMID: 21569462 PMCID: PMC3107159 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-11-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sinorhizobium meliloti is a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium that elicits nodules on roots of host plants Medicago sativa. During nodule formation bacteria have to withstand oxygen radicals produced by the plant. Resistance to H2O2 and superoxides has been extensively studied in S. meliloti. In contrast resistance to organic peroxides has not been investigated while S. meliloti genome encodes putative organic peroxidases. Organic peroxides are produced by plants and are highly toxic. The resistance to these oxygen radicals has been studied in various bacteria but never in plant nodulating bacteria. Results In this study we report the characterisation of organic hydroperoxide resistance gene ohr and its regulator ohrR in S. meliloti. The inactivation of ohr affects resistance to cumene and ter-butyl hydroperoxides but not to hydrogen peroxide or menadione in vitro. The expression of ohr and ohrR genes is specifically induced by organic peroxides. OhrR binds to the intergenic region between the divergent genes ohr and ohrR. Two binding sites were characterised. Binding to the operator is prevented by OhrR oxidation that promotes OhrR dimerisation. The inactivation of ohr did not affect symbiosis and nitrogen fixation, suggesting that redundant enzymatic activity exists in this strain. Both ohr and ohrR are expressed in nodules suggesting that they play a role during nitrogen fixation. Conclusions This report demonstrates the significant role Ohr and OhrR proteins play in bacterial stress resistance against organic peroxides in S. meliloti. The ohr and ohrR genes are expressed in nodule-inhabiting bacteroids suggesting a role during nodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Fontenelle
- UMR CNRS 6026, DUALS, Université de Rennes I, Campus de Beaulieu, Av. du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
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Dufour V, Sueur C, Whiten A, Buchanan-Smith HM. The impact of moving to a novel environment on social networks, activity and wellbeing in two new world primates. Am J Primatol 2011; 73:802-11. [PMID: 21381071 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Among the stressors that can affect animal welfare in zoos, the immediate effect of relocation to a novel environment is one that has received little attention in the literature. Here, we compare the social network, daily activity and the expression of stress-related behavior in capuchins (Cebus apella) and squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) before and just after they were relocated to a new enriched enclosure. Results showed similar immediate responses to the move in the two species. Both showed a substantial increase in the time spent resting and spent more time in the highest and "safest" part of their enclosure after relocation. Both capuchins and squirrel monkeys spent significantly more time in close proximity to other group members after relocation, compared to before. In squirrel monkeys, the structure of the social network, which was initially correlated to affiliation, was no longer so after the move. In capuchins, the network analysis showed that individuals regrouped by age, with the youngsters who were potentially more affected by stress being in the center of the network. Social network analysis helped to achieve a more complete picture of how individuals were affected by relocation. We suggest that this type of analysis should be used alongside traditional methods of observation and analysis to encompass the most complex aspects of animal behavior in times of stress and to improve welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland
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Abstract
Transfers and services are frequent in the animal kingdom. However, there is no clear evidence in animals that such transactions are based on weighing costs and benefits when giving or returning favours and keeping track of them over time (i.e. calculated reciprocity). We tested two orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus abelii) in a token-exchange paradigm, in which each individual could exchange a token for food with the experimenter but only after first obtaining the token from the other orang-utan. Each orang-utan possessed tokens valuable to their partner but useless to themselves. Both orang-utans actively transferred numerous tokens (mostly partner-valuable) to their partner. One of the orang-utans routinely used gestures to request tokens while the other complied with such requests. Although initially the transfers were biased in one direction, they became more balanced towards the end of the study. Indeed, data on the last three series produced evidence of reciprocity both between and within trials. We observed an increase in the number and complexity of exchanges and alternations. This study is the first experimental demonstration of the occurrence of direct transfers of goods based on calculated reciprocity in non-human-primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JP, UK.
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Dufour V, Sterck E. Chimpanzees fail to plan in an exchange task but succeed in a tool-using procedure. Behav Processes 2008; 79:19-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2008.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Revised: 03/29/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bertrand X, Dufour V, Millon L, Beuvier E, Gbaguidi-Haore H, Piarroux R, Vuitton DA, Talon D. Effect of cheese consumption on emergence of antimicrobial resistance in the intestinal microflora induced by a short course of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 102:1052-9. [PMID: 17381749 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study in a sequential prospective trial, the effect of cheese consumption on the emergence of Escherichia coli and enterococci resistance to amoxicillin after amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (amoxiclav) treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS The study comprised two phases separated by 1 year. Each phase lasted 75 days for each volunteer (from day -13 to day 61). During the first phase, 18 healthy volunteers were given a 1-g dose of amoxiclav orally twice a day for 5 days (from day 0 to day 4). The design of phase 2 was identical to that of phase 1, except that the volunteers consumed 100 g of hard-cooked cheese from day -6 to day 19. Faecal samples were collected 20 times throughout the trial and were quantitatively assayed for total and amoxicillin-resistant (Amox(R)) E. coli and enterococci. The consumption of experimental cheese was associated with a decrease of Amox(R) enterococci during the post-antibiotic period, with the maximum level of Amox(R) enterococci falling from 6.2% to 0.03%. This effect was not observed for E. coli, and the type of cheese (raw milk vs pasteurized milk) did not influence the results. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of cheese during amoxiclav treatment reduces the emergence of Amox(R) enterococci in faeces. SIGNIFICANCE AND CLINICAL IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Our clinical pilot trial suggests that there are likely to be benefits from consuming probiotic-containing cheese during antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Bertrand
- Service d'Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.
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29
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Dommergues MA, de la Rocque F, Dufour V, Floret D, Gaudelus J, Guérin N, Le Sage FV, Bocquet A, Cohen R. Enquête sur les effets secondaires locaux du vaccin intradermique BCG-SSI® chez l'enfant de moins de six ans en France. Arch Pediatr 2007; 14:102-8. [PMID: 17140780 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2006.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
During April 2006, 579 physicians took part in a survey about intradermal BCG SSI adverse events (AE) in children less than 6 years old, managed by InfoVac France. Since January 2006, 68% physicians (paediatricians: 73% and general practitioners [GP]: 60%) have vaccinated at least one child. The site of injection is mainly the extern side of the shoulder (72%), according to the recommendations. Systematic vaccination is continued by 54% GP and 26% paediatricians. Others indications are: admission in day care center (33%), admission in day care center associated with risk factors (24%), or only risks factors (8%). Half physicians observed AE and 6% of them reported them at pharmacovigilance centers or pharmaceutical company. AE were mainly inflammations or indurations over 1 cm (for 75% of physicians who observed AE), oozing (73%). Abscesses are notified by 54%, ulcers by 39%, lymphadenopathies over 1 cm by 20%, suppurative lymphadenopathies by 3% and keloid scares by 17% of them, several AE may coexist for some children. Our aim is to start a prospective follow-up of BCG-SSI vaccination and its AE; 58% physicians who answered this investigation agreed to participate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-A Dommergues
- Service de pédiatrie, hôpital André-Mignot, 177, rue de Versailles, 78157 Le Chesnay cedex, France.
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Abstract
Despite controversial expectations that animals achieve reciprocal altruism, it is unclear if nonhuman species possess the necessary cognitive abilities. For reciprocal altruism, individuals must anticipate the loss of a commodity and accept a delay before some return. The authors investigated the abilities of 5 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) to cope with increasing waiting duration in exchange tasks. Subjects had to keep a small cookie before returning it to a human partner to obtain a larger piece. For a piece 2, 4, or 8 times the size of the small piece, 3 of the 5 subjects waited for up to 4 min. For a piece 40 times larger, 4 of the 5 subjects waited up to 8 min. At long time lag, renouncement to wait occurred earlier than predicted by subjects' general waiting capacity, suggesting that the decision to wait was based on a trade-off between reward quantity and expected costs of the waiting duration. Chimpanzees could anticipate a delayed reward at a time scale of several minutes. If this reflects a cognitive limit in chimpanzees' anticipation capacity, reciprocal altruism by keeping track of costs and benefits over extended periods may be unlikely in chimpanzees.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- Ethology Research, Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands.
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Zarrouk V, Feydy A, Sallès F, Dufour V, Guigui P, Redondo A, Fantin B. Imaging does not predict the clinical outcome of bacterial vertebral osteomyelitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 46:292-5. [PMID: 16877464 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are useful for initial assessment of bacterial spondylodiscitis. However, clinical relevance of imaging changes during treatment is less well-documented. METHODS Between October 1997 and March 2005, 29 patients with documented bacterial spondylodiscitis were prospectively enrolled. They had clinical, biological and imaging examinations (MRI and/or CT) at M0 and M3, and in 22 cases, at M6. RESULTS Mean age was 58 yrs. Antimicrobial chemotherapy lasted an average of 98 days. The median follow-up was 18 months, including 12 months after the completion of treatment. Infection was cured in every patient. Biological markers of inflammation returned to normal at M3. Six patients had painful and/or neurological sequelae. Decreased disc height was a consistent and early sign, and remained stable during the follow-up. Vertebral oedema, present in 100% of cases initially, persisted in 67 and 15% of cases at M3 and M6, respectively. Discal abscesses and paravertebral abscesses, present in 65 and 39% of cases initially, persisted in, respectively, 42 and 9% of cases at M3 and in 18 and 3% of cases at M6. Epidural abscesses were present at diagnosis in 30% of cases, and had always disappeared by M3. Imaging abnormalities found at M0 and M3 did not differ between patients with and without late neurological or painful sequelae. CONCLUSIONS Imaging abnormalities often persist in patients with bacterial spondylodiscitis despite a favourable clinical and biological response to antibiotic treatment. They are not associated with relapses, neurological sequelae or persistent pain. Imaging controls are not necessary when bacterial spondylodiscitis responds favourably to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Zarrouk
- Department of Internal Medicine, AP-HP, Beaujon Hospital, France
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Abstract
Delayed reciprocity is a potentially important mechanism for cooperation to occur. It is however rarely reported among animals, possibly because it requires special skills like the ability to plan a loss. We tested six brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) in such skills. Subjects were studied in exchange tasks in which they had to retain a food item for a given time lag before returning it to an experimenter and obtaining a more desirable reward. Experiments showed that the subjects could wait for several minutes when allowed to return only part of the initial item. When required to return the full item intact, however, most subjects could not sustain a time lag longer than 10 s. Although the duration of waiting increased with the amount of return expected by subjects, in most cases it did not extend beyond 20 s even when the eperimenter offered a food amount 40 fold the initial item. The failure of capuchin monkeys to sustain long-lasting waiting periods may be explained by limited self-control abilities. This would prevent them achieving reciprocal altruism.
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Cohen R, Garnier JM, Bégué P, Besse P, Dommergue MA, Dufour V, Floret D, Gaudelus J, Grimprel E, Guérin N, Hau I, Reinert P, Romain O, Le Sage FV, Weil-Olivier C, Siegrist CA. Bulletin Infovac-France. Arch Pediatr 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2005.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dufour V. [Activities of parentality teams in Paris: patient demands and staff responses]. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 2005; 34:S74-7. [PMID: 15767935 DOI: 10.1016/s0368-2315(05)82691-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In application of public policy, parentality teams were created in Paris in June 1998. All ten maternity units of the Paris Hospital Group (AP-HP) participated in developing these teams but staff implications varied between the institutions. Other maternity units in Paris have also instituted parentality teams which are still operating. The Paris Maternal and Infantile Protection administration together with INSERM Unit 149 were charged with the evaluation of these teams. The first phase of "active monitoring" terminated 2001, and discussions between the different teams in October 2004 allowed an analysis of the current situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- Service de Protection Maternelle et Infantile, Direction des Familles et de la Petite Enfance, 94-96, quai de la Râpée, 75012 Paris.
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Doherty PJ, Dufour V, Galzin R, Hixon MA, Meekan MG, Planes S. HIGH MORTALITY DURING SETTLEMENT IS A POPULATION BOTTLENECK FOR A TROPICAL SURGEONFISH. Ecology 2004. [DOI: 10.1890/04-0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Bard E, Khayatt N, Faucher JF, Dufour V, Slimane M, Estavoyer JM, Meillet D. A-21 La lactoferrine fécale: Indices de performance du leuko-test® pour l'orientation étiologique des gastro-entérites aiguës (GEA) de l'enfant. Med Mal Infect 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(04)90116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Dufour V, Feydi A, Rillardon L, Redondo A, Branger C, Belmatoug N, Fantin B. Spondylodiscites à pyogènes: Comparaison des infections par voie hématogène et par inoculation. Rev Med Interne 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(03)80180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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de Lastours V, Lefort A, Zappa M, Dufour V, Belmatoug N, Fantin B. Two cases of cerebral aspergillosis successfully treated with voriconazole. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2003; 22:297-9. [PMID: 12740666 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-003-0934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Described here are two cases of cerebral aspergillosis successfully treated with voriconazole after the failure of first-line treatment with amphotericin B deoxycholate. In both cases, clinical and radiological cure was achieved within 6 weeks. Voriconazole should be considered as first-line therapy for cerebral aspergillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V de Lastours
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hópital Beaujon, 100 Boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92110, Clichy, France
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de Lastours V, Lefort A, Zappa M, Dufour V, Belmatoug N, Fantin B. Efficacité du voriconazole dans deux cas d'aspergillose cérébrale. Rev Med Interne 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(02)80648-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Cribb TH, Pichelin S, Dufour V, Bray RA, Chauvet C, Faliex E, Galzin R, Lo CM, Lo-Yat A, Morand S, Rigby MC, Sasal P. Parasites of recruiting coral reef fish larvae in New Caledonia. Int J Parasitol 2000; 30:1445-51. [PMID: 11428334 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7519(00)00121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Recruiting coral reef fish larvae from 38 species and 19 families from New Caledonia were examined for parasites. We found 13 parasite species (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea, Cestoda and Trematoda) but no acanthocephalan, crustacean or nematode parasites. Over 23% of individual fish were infected. Didymozoid metacercariae were the most abundant parasites. We conclude that most of the parasites are pelagic species that become 'lost' once the fish larvae have recruited to the reef. Larval coral reef fish probably contribute little to the dispersal of the parasites of the adult fish so that parasite dispersal is more difficult than that of the fish themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Cribb
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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41
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Dufour V, Chevallier S, Cariolet R, Somasundaram S, Lefevre F, Jestin A, Albina E. Induction of porcine cytokine mRNA expression after DNA immunization and pseudorabies virus infection. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2000; 20:889-95. [PMID: 11054277 DOI: 10.1089/10799900050163262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Injection of plasmid DNA encoding pseudorabies virus (PRV) glycoprotein into pig muscle has been shown to result in protective immunity against lethal infection. Here, pigs were vaccinated by a single coinjection of three plasmids encoding PRV glycoproteins gB, gC, and gD, with plasmid expressing porcine granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or porcine interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). DNA immunization induced a primary T cell-mediated response characterized by low rates of IFN-gamma, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and IL4 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Very low rates of PRV-specific IgG1 and the absence of IgG2 were obtained. Codelivery of plasmid expressing GM-CSF or IFN-alpha had no effect on cytokine mRNA expression or on B cell response. After a high virulent challenge, high levels of cytokine mRNA, mainly IFN-gamma, and high secondary antibody (Ab) response were induced in all DNA-vaccinated pigs. Codelivery of GMCSF gene significantly increased both Th immune response (i.e., IFN-gamma and IL-4 mRNA expression) and clinical protection but had no effect on secondary B immune response. Codelivery of IFN-alpha gene had no beneficial effect on secondary T and B cell immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- Service de Biologie Moléculaire, AFSSA, Ploufragan, France.
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42
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Morand S, Cribb TH, Kulbicki M, Rigby MC, Chauvet C, Dufour V, Faliex E, Galzin R, Lo CM, Lo-Yat A, Pichelin S, Sasal P. Endoparasite species richness of new caledonian butterfly fishes: host density and diet matter. Parasitology 2000; 121 ( Pt 1):65-73. [PMID: 11085226 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182099006058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ecological factors may influence the number of parasites encountered and, thus, parasite species richness. These factors include diet, gregarity, conspecific and total host density, habitat, body size, vagility, and migration. One means of examining the influence of these factors on parasite species richness is through a comparative analysis of the parasites of different, but related, host species. In contrast to most comparative studies of parasite species richness of fish, which have been conducted by using data from the literature, the present study uses data obtained by the investigators. Coral reef fishes vary widely in the above ecological factors and are frequently parasitized by a diverse array of parasites. We, therefore, chose to investigate how the above ecological factors influence parasite species richness in coral reef fishes. We investigated the endoparasite species richness of 21 species of butterfly fishes (Chaetodontidae) of New Caledonia. We mapped the diet characters on the existing butterfly fish phylogeny and found that omnivory appears to be ancestral. We also mapped the estimated endoparasite species richness, coded from low to high parasite species richness, on the existing butterfly fish phylogeny and found that low parasite species richness appears to be associated with the ancestral state of omnivory. Different dietary and social strategies appear to have evolved more than once, with the exception of obligate coralivory, which appears to have evolved only once. Finally, after controlling for phylogenetic relationships, we found that only the percentage of plankton in the diet and conspecific host density were positively correlated with endoparasite species richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Morand
- Centre de Biologie et d'Ecologie Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, UMR 5555 CNRS, Université de Perpignan, France.
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Dufour V, Arnauld C, Lantz O, Peguillet I, Morvilliers K, Emmanuel A, Jestin A. Quantification of porcine cytokine gene expression using RT-PCR, a homologous internal control and chemiluminescence for microplate detection. J Immunol Methods 1999; 229:49-60. [PMID: 10556690 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(99)00105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has proved to be a sensitive and versatile method for the analysis of human and murine cytokine mRNA expression. This paper describes for the first time a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at end-point for the quantification of five porcine cytokines: interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-18. The main features of the methodology are: (1) a unique RT for all quantifications, (2) the addition of homologous DNA internal controls (IC) of equal length to the corresponding cytokine and consequently co-amplification of the target cytokine and the IC with equivalent efficacy, (3) PCR and detection of amplicons for all cytokines simultaneously, (4) cytokine quantification in relation to a housekeeping gene control (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GAPDH), (5) detection of the amplicons by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a chemiluminescent substrate with high sensitivity and wide dynamic range, (6) automation of the detection system for analysis of a large number of samples. This highly sensitive quantitative RT-PCR assay (able to detect 100-200 cytokines mRNA copies/75x10(3) cells) was validated on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from pigs infected or not with pseudorabies virus (PRV), re-stimulated in vitro by a mitogen or antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- Service de Biologie Moléculaire, AFSSA, BP53, 22 440 Ploufragan, France.
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Reynaud CA, Dufour V, Weill JC. Generation of diversity in mammalian gut-associated lymphoid tissues: restricted V gene usage does not preclude complex V gene organization. The Journal of Immunology 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.159.7.3093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The sheep genome contains 60 to 90 V lambda genes distributed in least 6 different families, whereas 37 V lambda genes and 10 families exist in humans. Comparison with human V lamda sequences indicates that sheep V lambda genes display less overall sequence divergence, but are closer to the genes most frequently used in the human peripheral repertoire. In both species, 2 to 3 genes contribute half of the expressed sequences. Therefore, similar large combinatorial potential and restriction of the expressed repertoire can exist in two species whose strategy of diversification differs widely (ongoing rearrangement throughout life in human bone marrow vs postrearrangement diversification during early development in sheep ileal Peyer's patches).
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Reynaud
- INSERM Unit 373, Faculté de Médecine Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris 5, France
| | - V Dufour
- INSERM Unit 373, Faculté de Médecine Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris 5, France
| | - J C Weill
- INSERM Unit 373, Faculté de Médecine Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris 5, France
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45
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Reynaud CA, Dufour V, Weill JC. Generation of diversity in mammalian gut-associated lymphoid tissues: restricted V gene usage does not preclude complex V gene organization. J Immunol 1997; 159:3093-5. [PMID: 9317102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The sheep genome contains 60 to 90 V lambda genes distributed in least 6 different families, whereas 37 V lambda genes and 10 families exist in humans. Comparison with human V lamda sequences indicates that sheep V lambda genes display less overall sequence divergence, but are closer to the genes most frequently used in the human peripheral repertoire. In both species, 2 to 3 genes contribute half of the expressed sequences. Therefore, similar large combinatorial potential and restriction of the expressed repertoire can exist in two species whose strategy of diversification differs widely (ongoing rearrangement throughout life in human bone marrow vs postrearrangement diversification during early development in sheep ileal Peyer's patches).
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Reynaud
- INSERM Unit 373, Faculté de Médecine Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris 5, France
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46
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Dufour V, Nau F. Genomic organization of the sheep immunoglobulin JH segments and their contribution to heavy chain variable region diversity. Immunogenetics 1997; 46:283-92. [PMID: 9218530 DOI: 10.1007/s002510050274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The sheep immunoglobulin heavy chain Igh-J locus has been characterized in order to determine the genomic organization of JH segments and their contribution to heavy chain diversity. The locus contains six segments, of which two are functional and four are apparently pseudogenes. These segments span a 1.8 kilobase (kb) region. The distance between JH-ps4 (the 3'-most segment) and the first domain of the mu-chain encoding constant gene is about 5 kb. The two functional JH segments have a standard upstream recombination signal sequence, including heptamer and nonamer sequences separated by a 22-23 nucleotide spacer, and end with a RNA donor splice site. These two segments possess all the characteristic JH invariant residues and are found in expressed mu heavy chain variable regions. The 5' functional JH1 segment is used in more than 90% of the cDNAs sequenced to date. The contribution of JH segment germline multiplicity to variable regions diversity appears therefore to be minimal. Comparison with other mammalian JH segments shows that all loci are very closely related and probably have evolved from a common ancestral locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- IBMIG, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, CNRS ESA 6031, University of Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
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Rigby MC, Dufour V. Parasites of coral reef fish recruits, Epinephelus merra (Serranidae), in French Polynesia. J Parasitol 1996; 82:405-8. [PMID: 8636843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Honeycomb grouper recruits Epinephelus merra (Serranidae) from 2 recruitment events on Moorea Island, French Polynesia, were examined for internal parasites. Trypanorhynch blastocysts (Eucestoda: Trypanorhyncha) and encysted phyllobothriid metacestodes (Eucestoda: Phyllobothriidae) were found in recruits from both events. Fish from the second event were examined later as juveniles and were found to harbor apparently melanized parasites. Neither parasite was found in adults. Evidence suggests these patterns are not due to differential mortality among recruits but to the elimination of parasites by host immune responses. The data also suggest that pelagic fish larvae may represent a dispersal mechanism for parasites if transfer occurs before the death of the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Rigby
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Dufour V, Malinge S, Nau F. The sheep Ig variable region repertoire consists of a single VH family. The Journal of Immunology 1996. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.156.6.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Nine germ-line Ig heavy chain variable (VH) segments (including three pseudogenes) were isolated from a genomic DNA library, and the other six were obtained by PCR, using 5'and 3' primers deduced from the first three. They appear to belong to a homogeneous VH gene family, with >80% sequence identity. This sheep VH gene family is related to the human VH4 family and to the murine VH1 subgroup (clan II). Southern blot analysis shows a maximum of 10 positive restriction fragments; therefore, the nine VH genes isolated probably constitute the major part of the repertoire. Thirty-one expressed mu variable regions (and one gamma 1 variable region) were obtained from adult spleen by either cDNA cloning or anchored reverse transcriptase-PCR; they are >80% similar to each other (in their leader to framework 3 regions) and to the germ-line sequences as well. The sheep VH repertoire thus seems to derive from a small (approximately 10 members) germ-line gene family, and its diversification must rely chiefly on junctional (D and/or N regions) diversity and somatic hypermutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, CNRS URA 1172, Poitiers, France
| | - S Malinge
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, CNRS URA 1172, Poitiers, France
| | - F Nau
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, CNRS URA 1172, Poitiers, France
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Dufour V, Malinge S, Nau F. The sheep Ig variable region repertoire consists of a single VH family. J Immunol 1996; 156:2163-70. [PMID: 8690905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Nine germ-line Ig heavy chain variable (VH) segments (including three pseudogenes) were isolated from a genomic DNA library, and the other six were obtained by PCR, using 5'and 3' primers deduced from the first three. They appear to belong to a homogeneous VH gene family, with >80% sequence identity. This sheep VH gene family is related to the human VH4 family and to the murine VH1 subgroup (clan II). Southern blot analysis shows a maximum of 10 positive restriction fragments; therefore, the nine VH genes isolated probably constitute the major part of the repertoire. Thirty-one expressed mu variable regions (and one gamma 1 variable region) were obtained from adult spleen by either cDNA cloning or anchored reverse transcriptase-PCR; they are >80% similar to each other (in their leader to framework 3 regions) and to the germ-line sequences as well. The sheep VH repertoire thus seems to derive from a small (approximately 10 members) germ-line gene family, and its diversification must rely chiefly on junctional (D and/or N regions) diversity and somatic hypermutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, CNRS URA 1172, Poitiers, France
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Dufour V, Delbosc B. [Red and (or) painful eye. Diagnostic orientation]. Rev Prat 1994; 44:1803-9. [PMID: 7939267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Dufour
- Clinique ophtalmologique, Hôpital Jean-Minjoz, Besançon
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