1
|
Batsuli G, Ito J, York ES, Cox C, Baldwin W, Gill S, Lollar P, Meeks SL. Factor VIII antibody immune complexes modulate the humoral response to factor VIII in an epitope-dependent manner. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1233356. [PMID: 37720212 PMCID: PMC10501482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Soluble antigens complexed with immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies can induce robust adaptive immune responses in vitro and in animal models of disease. Factor VIII immune complexes (FVIII-ICs) have been detected in individuals with hemophilia A and severe von Willebrand disease following FVIII infusions. Yet, it is unclear if and how FVIII-ICs affect antibody development over time. Methods In this study, we analyzed internalization of FVIII complexed with epitope-mapped FVIII-specific IgG monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) by murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro and antibody development in hemophilia A (FVIII-/-) mice injected with FVIII-IC over time. Results FVIII complexed with 2-116 (A1 domain MAb), 2-113 (A3 domain MAb), and I55 (C2 domain MAb) significantly increased FVIII uptake by BMDC but only FVIII/2-116 enhanced antibody titers in FVIII-/- mice compared to FVIII alone. FVIII/4A4 (A2 domain MAb) showed similar FVIII uptake by BMDC to that of isolated FVIII yet significantly increased antibody titers when injected in FVIII-/- mice. Enhanced antibody responses observed with FVIII/2-116 and FVIII/4A4 complexes in vivo were abrogated in the absence of the FVIII carrier protein von Willebrand factor. Conclusion These findings suggest that a subset of FVIII-IC modulates the humoral response to FVIII in an epitope-dependent manner, which may provide insight into the antibody response observed in some patients with hemophilia A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glaivy Batsuli
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jasmine Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Elizabeth S. York
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Courtney Cox
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Wallace Baldwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Surinder Gill
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Pete Lollar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shannon L. Meeks
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zeltzer S, Wang X, Wang Z, Goparaju S, Dvorina N, Baldwin W, Hazen S, Tang W. Elevated Levels of Gut Microbe Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) Levels Are Aassociated with Graft Arterial Disease Following Murine Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
3
|
Liu Q, Nassar A, Farias K, Buccini L, Mangino MJ, Baldwin W, Bennett A, O'Rourke C, Iuppa G, Soliman BG, Urcuyo-Llanes D, Okamoto T, Uso TD, Fung J, Abu-Elmagd K, Miller C, Quintini C. Comparing Normothermic Machine Perfusion Preservation With Different Perfusates on Porcine Livers From Donors After Circulatory Death. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:794-807. [PMID: 26663737 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) may be an effective strategy to resuscitate livers from donation after circulatory death (DCD). There is no consensus regarding the efficacy of different perfusates on graft and bile duct viability. The aim of this study was to compare, in an NMP porcine DCD model, the preservation potential of three different perfusates. Twenty porcine livers with 60 min of warm ischemia were separated into four preservation groups: cold storage (CS), NMP with Steen solution (Steen; XVIVO Perfusion Inc., Denver, CO), Steen plus red blood cells (RBCs), or whole blood (WB). All livers were preserved for 10 h and reperfused to simulate transplantation for 24 h. During preservation, the NMP with Steen group presented the highest hepatocellular injury. At reperfusion, the CS group had the lowest bile production and the worst hepatocellular injury compared with all other groups, followed by NMP with Steen; the Steen plus RBC and WB groups presented the best functional and hepatocellular injury outcomes, with WB livers showing lower aspartate aminotransferase release and a trend toward better results for most parameters. Based on our results, a perfusate that contains an oxygen carrier is most effective in a model of NMP porcine DCD livers compared with Steen solution. Specifically, WB-perfused livers showed a trend toward better outcomes compared with Steen plus RBCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q Liu
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | | | - M J Mangino
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | | | | | | | - G Iuppa
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | | | - T D Uso
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - J Fung
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Urcuyo D, Nassar A, Liu Q, Baldwin W, Poggio E, Fairchild R, Miller C, Goldfarb D, Quintini C. Acellular Perfusion of Porcine Kidneys: Lessons Learned. Transplantation 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201407151-01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
5
|
Denadai Benatti R, Khan S, Thomas D, Zhang A, Taylor D, Starling R, Schold J, Askar M, Baldwin W. High Molecular Weight Serum Adiponectin Levels in Advanced Heart Failure Patients Before and After Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assistance Device. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
6
|
Askar M, Hsich E, Reville P, Daghstani J, Nowacki A, Zhang A, Klingman L, Bakdash S, Baldwin W, Smedira N, Taylor D, Starling R, Gonzalez-Stawinski G. Comparison of HLA & MICA Allosensitization Patterns among Patients Supported by Ventricular Assist Devices (VAD) and Patients with No Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
7
|
Chaudhary P, Baldwin W, Karandikar N, Frohman E, Greenberg B. Comparison of Serum and Various Types of Plasma from Multiple Sclerosis Patients for Biomarker Studies (P02.093). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
8
|
Cherkassky L, Lanning M, Lalli PN, Czerr J, Siegel H, Danziger-Isakov L, Srinivas T, Valujskikh A, Shoskes DA, Baldwin W, Fairchild RL, Poggio ED. Evaluation of alloreactivity in kidney transplant recipients treated with antithymocyte globulin versus IL-2 receptor blocker. Am J Transplant 2011; 11:1388-96. [PMID: 21564525 PMCID: PMC3226763 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Induction therapy is used in kidney transplantation to inhibit the activation of donor-reactive T cells which are detrimental to transplant outcomes. The choice of induction therapy is decided based on perceived immunological risk rather than by direct measurement of donor T-cell reactivity. We hypothesized that immune cellular alloreactivity pretransplantation can be quantified and that blocking versus depleting therapies have differential effects on the level of donor and third-party cellular alloreactivity. We studied 31 kidney transplant recipients treated with either antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or an IL-2 receptor blocker. We tested pre- and posttransplant peripheral blood cells by flow cytometry to characterize T-cell populations and by IFN-γ ELISPOT assays to assess the level of cellular alloreactivity. CD8(+) T cells were more resistant to depletion by ATG than CD4(+) T cells. Posttransplantation, frequencies of donor-reactive T cells were markedly decreased in the ATG-treated group but not in the IL-2 receptor blocker group, whereas the frequencies of third-party alloreactivity remained nearly equivalent. In conclusion, when ATG is used, marked and prolonged donor hyporesponsiveness with minimal effects on nondonor responses is observed. In contrast, induction with the IL-2 receptor blocker is less effective at diminishing donor T-cell reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Cherkassky
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University
| | - M. Lanning
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - P. N. Lalli
- Allogen Laboratories, Inc,Transplant Center, Cleveland Clinic
| | - J. Czerr
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic
| | - H. Siegel
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - L. Danziger-Isakov
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cleveland Clinic,Transplant Center, Cleveland Clinic
| | - T. Srinivas
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic,Transplant Center, Cleveland Clinic,Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - A. Valujskikh
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic,Transplant Center, Cleveland Clinic,Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - D. A. Shoskes
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic,Transplant Center, Cleveland Clinic,Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - W. Baldwin
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic,Transplant Center, Cleveland Clinic
| | - R. L. Fairchild
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic,Transplant Center, Cleveland Clinic,Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - E. D. Poggio
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic,Transplant Center, Cleveland Clinic,Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Solez K, Colvin RB, Racusen LC, Haas M, Sis B, Mengel M, Halloran PF, Baldwin W, Banfi G, Collins AB, Cosio F, David DSR, Drachenberg C, Einecke G, Fogo AB, Gibson IW, Glotz D, Iskandar SS, Kraus E, Lerut E, Mannon RB, Mihatsch M, Nankivell BJ, Nickeleit V, Papadimitriou JC, Randhawa P, Regele H, Renaudin K, Roberts I, Seron D, Smith RN, Valente M. Banff 07 classification of renal allograft pathology: updates and future directions. Am J Transplant 2008; 8:753-60. [PMID: 18294345 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1473] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The 9th Banff Conference on Allograft Pathology was held in La Coruna, Spain on June 23-29, 2007. A total of 235 pathologists, clinicians and scientists met to address unsolved issues in transplantation and adapt the Banff schema for renal allograft rejection in response to emerging data and technologies. The outcome of the consensus discussions on renal pathology is provided in this article. Major updates from the 2007 Banff Conference were: inclusion of peritubular capillaritis grading, C4d scoring, interpretation of C4d deposition without morphological evidence of active rejection, application of the Banff criteria to zero-time and protocol biopsies and introduction of a new scoring for total interstitial inflammation (ti-score). In addition, emerging research data led to the establishment of collaborative working groups addressing issues like isolated 'v' lesion and incorporation of omics-technologies, paving the way for future combination of graft biopsy and molecular parameters within the Banff process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Solez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stack J, Cardwell K, Hammerschmidt R, Byrne J, Loria R, Snover-Clift K, Baldwin W, Wisler G, Beck H, Bostock R, Thomas C, Luke E. The National Plant Diagnostic Network. Plant Dis 2006; 90:128-136. [PMID: 30786403 DOI: 10.1094/pd-90-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Stack
- Great Plains Diagnostic Network, Kansas State University, Manhattan
| | | | - R Hammerschmidt
- North Central Plant Diagnostic Network, Michigan State University, East Lansing
| | - J Byrne
- North Central Plant Diagnostic Network, Michigan State University, East Lansing
| | - R Loria
- Northeast Plant Diagnostic Network, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - K Snover-Clift
- Northeast Plant Diagnostic Network, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - W Baldwin
- Great Plains Diagnostic Network, Kansas State University, Manhattan
| | - G Wisler
- Southern Plant Diagnostic Network, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - H Beck
- Southern Plant Diagnostic Network, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - R Bostock
- Western Plant Diagnostic Network, University of California, Davis
| | - C Thomas
- Western Plant Diagnostic Network, University of California, Davis
| | - E Luke
- CERIS, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Chiao C, Bader T, Stenger JE, Baldwin W, Brady J, Barrett JC. HIV type 1 Tat inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced repression of tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 and amplifies tumor necrosis factor alpha activity in stably tat-transfected HeLa Cells. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001; 17:1125-32. [PMID: 11522182 DOI: 10.1089/088922201316912736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein is a key regulatory protein in the HIV-1 replication cycle. Tat interacts with cellular transcriptional factors and cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), and alters the expression of a variety of genes in HIV-1-infected and noninfected cells. To further elucidate the mechanisms by which HIV-1 Tat amplifies the activity of TNF-alpha, we transfected the HIV-1 tat gene into an epithelial (HeLa) cell line. We observed that Tat-expressing cells had increased NF-kappa B-dependent trans-activational activity due to enhanced NF-kappa B--DNA binding in response to TNF-alpha treatment. Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) p55 was the prominent receptor, as neutralizing antibodies to TNFR p55, but not to TNFR p75, blocked TNF-alpha-mediated NF-kappa B activation. Furthermore, tat-transfected cells were more sensitive to TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity and only the neutralizing antibodies to TNFR p55 completely protected the cells. To determine whether TNFR p55 was involved in amplification of cellular response to TNF-alpha by HIV-1 Tat, we investigated the effect of TNF-alpha on TNFR p55 expression in the tat-transfected cells. TNF-alpha treatment resulted in a reduction in both TNFR p55 mRNA and protein levels in the control cells but not in the tat-transfected cells as determined with Northern blot and Western blot analyses, respectively. Our results indicate that HIV-1 Tat may inhibit TNF-alpha-induced repression of TNFR p55 and thereby amplify TNF-alpha activity in these stably transfected cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Chiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health and Science, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The use of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA) in solid organ transplantation can be associated with the development of vasculopathy as part of the complex immune response involved in chronic rejection, including autoimmune recognition. Although CsA can directly affect endothelial cells, this drug alters the T cell repertoire promoting autoimmune recognition. The present studies evaluated the ability of CsA-induced autoreactive T cells to mediate vascular lesions in syngeneic heart grafts. Graft vasculopathy developed in syngeneic heart grafts following either the primary induction of autoimmunity with CsA or the adoptive transfer of CsA-induced autoreactive T cells. Initially, an inflammatory response occurred in the medial wall of the small arterial vessels, accompanied by a perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate (including a lymphocytic infiltrate into the myocardium), followed by progression of vascular disease with endothelial cell proliferation. The development and progression of vascular disease correlated with the cytokine profile of the infiltrating lymphocytes with type 1 cytokines detected early and type 2 cytokines detected as the disease progressed. Initiation of this response correlated with upregulation of the target antigen recognized by the CsA-induced autoreactive T cells, the MHC class II-invariant chain peptide complex. This antigen complex, when upregulated on endothelial cells by interferon, allowed effective targeting by the autoreactive T lymphocytes. Strategies to inhibit the upregulation of MHC class II antigens by treatment of the recipients with chloroquine truncated the disease process. The results of these studies suggest that CsA-induced autoreactive mechanisms can contribute to the development of graft vasculopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Melatonin is reported to reduce proliferation in many cell types, but the effect is small and the results are inconsistent. Information on the mechanism by which melatonin exerts its antiproliferative effects might provide insight into the variability of the response. In an ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line (BG-1), we find that melatonin at concentrations of 10(-9)-10(-7) M caused a 20-25% reduction in cell number. Melatonin also resulted in a similar reduction in [3H]-thymidine incorporation with no significant increase in cell death as measured by trypan blue incorporation. The Kd for melatonin reduction in cell number was approximately 5 x 10(-10) M. Melatonin ML2 receptors have a Kd for melatonin binding in the low nM range and are linked to the production of the calcium mobilizing agent inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). To investigate whether melatonin signaling involves an increase in cytosolic-free calcium. BG-1 cells were loaded with the calcium sensitive indicator, fura-2. Acute addition of melatonin (10(-5)-10(-9) M) did not alter cytosolic calcium. Addition of the putative nuclear receptor agonist CGP52608 caused a dose-dependent inhibition of cell number with a Kd of approximately 2 x 10(-9) M. Addition of CGP52608 caused a similar reduction in [3H]-thymidine incorporation. Neither melatonin (10(-8) M-10(-5) M) nor CGP52608 at concentrations below 10(-7) M induced cell death associated with the inhibition of cell proliferation; however, addition of CGP52608 at a high dose (10(-7) M) caused an increase in cell death, consistent with apoptosis. Growth inhibition by melatonin or CGP52608 did not alter the percentage of cells in G1 versus S/G2/M.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Petranka
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Blanks J, Richards F, Beltrán F, Collins R, Alvarez E, Zea Flores G, Bauler B, Cedillos R, Heisler M, Brandling-Bennett D, Baldwin W, Bayona M, Klein R, Jacox M. The Onchocerciasis Elimination Program for the Americas: a history of partnership. Rev Panam Salud Publica 1998; 3:367-74. [PMID: 9734217 DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49891998000600002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The decision in 1987 by the pharmaceutical firm Merck & Co. to provide Mectizan (ivermectin) free of charge to river blindness control programs has challenged the international public health community to find effective ways to distribute the drug to rural populations most affected by onchocerciasis. In the Americas, PAHO responded to that challenge by calling for the elimination of all morbidity from onchocerciasis from the Region by the year 2007 through mass distribution of ivermectin. Since 1991, a multinational, multiagency partnership (consisting of PAHO, the endemic countries, nongovernmental development organizations, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia, as well as academic institutions and funding agencies) has developed the political, financial, and technical support needed to move toward the realization of that goal. This partnership is embodied in the Onchocerciasis Elimination Program for the Americas (OEPA), which is supported by the River Blindness Foundation (RBF) and now by the Carter Center. OEPA was conceived as a means of maintaining a regional initiative to eliminate what is otherwise a low priority disease. Since its inception in 1993, the OEPA has provided more than US$ 2 million in financial, managerial, and technical assistance to stimulate and/or support programs in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, and Venezuela, so as to take full advantage of the Merck donation. Now halfway into a five-year, US$ 4 million grant provided through the Inter-American Development Bank, the OEPA's capacity to support the regional initiative is assured through 1999.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Blanks
- River Blindness Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Baldwin W, McCardle P. NIH: gearing up for the twenty-first century. Physiologist 1997; 40:89, 91-3. [PMID: 9230629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W Baldwin
- Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- W Baldwin
- Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ibrahim S, Jacobs F, Zukin Y, Enriquez D, Holt D, Baldwin W, Sanfilippo F, Ratner LE. Immunohistochemical manifestations of unilateral kidney ischemia. Clin Transplant 1996; 10:646-52. [PMID: 8996759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Events in the early post-transplant period have been correlated with increased renal allograft loss. Immunologic reactions and ischemic injury have been implicated in this process. While the immunologic aspects of allograft injury have been studied extensively, ischemic effects remain less well understood. To study the effects of ischemia in rats with different genetic backgrounds without the introduction of an alloimmune response, a clamp was placed on the vascular pedicle of the left kidney for 60 min. The short-term effects (1 wk) of ischemia were studied in groups of PVG (RT1c), LEW (RT1), DA (RT1a) and WR (RT1u) rats, Immunoperoxidase staining demonstrated limited infiltration of monocytes, macrophages, and T-cells accompanied by upregulation of low levels of MHC class II antigens on tubular epithelial cells, peritubular capillaries, and interstitial cells in kidneys of PVG and WF rats. Kidneys of LEW and DA rats had greater influxes of monocytes, macrophages, and T cells in addition to higher amounts of MHC class II antigens upregulation on tubular epithelium and interstitial cells. The long-term effects of ischemia were studied in kidneys of WF rats. These kidneys had a progressive increase in infiltrating T cells, monocytes, macrophages and MHC class II expression on the tubular epithelium and the interstitial cells at 14, 30, and 90 d after the ischemic insult. The differences in MHC class II expression between ischemic kidneys of PVG and LEW rats were not associated with differences in production of mRNA for IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha. In summary, transient renal ischemia in the absence of an allogeneic immune response triggers a progression of inflammatory responses, including leukocyte infiltration, cytokine production and MHC class II antigen upregulation which appears to be strain-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ibrahim
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ibrahim S, Xu R, Burdick JF, Baldwin W, Sanfilippo F, Kittur DS. CTLA4Ig Inhibits humoral and cellular immune responses to concordant xenografts. Transplant Proc 1996; 28:715-6. [PMID: 8623361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ibrahim
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Woeste S, Baldwin W, Kirkish M. Automated method to produce bacterial cells at any phase of growth. Biotechniques 1995; 19:917-8. [PMID: 8747657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Woeste
- Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine, Chicago, IL 60610, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Baldwin W, Brooks-Gunn J, Fullilove MT, Hearn RP, Hornbeck D. Panel discussion/morning. Bull N Y Acad Med 1991; 67:574-582. [PMID: 19313086 PMCID: PMC1809847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
|
23
|
Bachrach CA, Baldwin W. Abortion underreporting. Fam Plann Perspect 1991; 23:233. [PMID: 1743278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
24
|
Baldwin W. Perspectives in research on adolescence. Bull N Y Acad Med 1991; 67:548-54. [PMID: 1802327 PMCID: PMC1809849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Baldwin
- Demographic and Behavioral Sciences Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Friedman SL, Baldwin W. Scientist-administrators at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development as contributors to the scientific enterprise. American Psychologist 1990; 45:54-7. [PMID: 2297168 DOI: 10.1037/0003-066x.45.1.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
At the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), as in other government research supporting agencies, scientist-administrators who are "program staff" work to accomplish their organization's set of research priorities using established mechanisms for supporting research. At the same time, the definition of their work is given to their interpretation, which, in turn, is guided by their understanding of their scientific discipline and their commitment to it. The tension that may arise between the organization-guided role and the science-guided role is more apparent than real because the major responsibility of "program staff" within the Institute is to cultivate a grant portfolio addressing scientific issues relevant to the mission of the Institute and exemplifying the most advanced research concepts and methodologies. When the overlap between the mission of the Institute and the direction of science is small, the push to increase it leads to new and imaginative solutions that benefit both the Institute and the science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S L Friedman
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ruiz P, Howell DN, Baldwin W, Sanfilippo F. Similarities in long-term alloreactive T cell lines propagated from transfusion-enhanced and control-rejecting rat renal allografts. Transplantation 1989; 47:390-4. [PMID: 2645723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Ruiz
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Friede A, Baldwin W, Rhodes PH, Buehler JW, Strauss LT. Older maternal age and infant mortality in the United States. Obstet Gynecol 1988; 72:152-7. [PMID: 3393358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We used data from the National Infant Mortality Surveillance project to examine the effect of older maternal age on infant mortality for the 1980 United States birth cohort. The 1,579,854 births and 14,591 deaths of singletons who were black or white and whose mothers were 25-49 years of age were included. Direct standardization was used to calculate birth-weight-adjusted relative risks of neonatal and postneonatal mortality, using the birth weights of infants with maternal age 25-29 as the standard. We found that the risk of infant mortality was nearly equal for infants born to mothers 25-29 and 30-34 years of age; infants born to mothers 35-39 years of age were at a slightly elevated (18% higher) risk, and those born to mothers 40-49 years of age were at a much more elevated (69% higher) risk. Among whites, the higher neonatal mortality associated with a maternal age of 35-39 was mostly due to an increased prevalence of low birth weight; among blacks, it was due to higher birth-weight-specific risks. Neither white nor black postneonatal mortality risks were much elevated until a maternal age of 40-49, and this last elevation was mostly due to higher birth-weight-specific risks. These findings suggest that infertility and fetal mortality aside, and considering only the effect on infant mortality, it is relatively safe for women to postpone childbearing into their middle, and perhaps late, thirties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Friede
- Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hofferth SL, Kahn JR, Baldwin W. Premarital sexual activity among U.S. teenage women over the past three decades. Fam Plann Perspect 1987; 19:46-53. [PMID: 3595817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
29
|
Evans J, Baldwin W. Migration and health. Int Migr Rev 1987; 21:v-491-86. [PMID: 12314909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
|
30
|
Friede A, Baldwin W, Rhodes PH, Buehler JW, Strauss LT, Smith JC, Hogue CJ. Young maternal age and infant mortality: the role of low birth weight. Public Health Rep 1987; 102:192-9. [PMID: 3104976 PMCID: PMC1477817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1980, there were 562,330 babies born in the United States to teenage mothers (19 years of age or younger). The offspring of teenage mothers have long been known to be at increased risk of infant mortality, largely because of their high prevalence of low birth weight (less than 2,500 grams). We used data from the National Infant Mortality Surveillance (NIMS) project to examine the effect of young maternal age and low birth weight on infant mortality among infants born in 1980 to U.S. residents. This analysis was restricted to single-delivery babies who were either black or white, who were born to mothers ages 10-29 years, and who were born in one of 48 States or the District of Columbia. Included were 2,527,813 births and 28,499 deaths (data from Maine and Texas were excluded for technical reasons). Direct standardization was used to calculate the relative risks, adjusted for birth weight, of neonatal mortality (less than 28 days of life) and postneonatal mortality (28 days to less than 1 year of life) by race and maternal age. There was a strong association between young maternal age and high infant mortality and between young maternal age and a high prevalence of low birth weight. Neonatal mortality declined steadily with increasing maternal age. After adjusting for birth weight, the race-specific relative risks for babies born to mothers less than 16 years of age were still elevated from 11 to 40 percent, compared with babies born to mothers 25-29 years of age. Otherwise, all the relative risks were nearly equal to 1. By contrast, most of the association between young maternal age and postneonatal mortality persisted after birth weight adjustment in all maternal age groups.These results suggest that the prevention of neonatal mortality and, to a lesser extent, postneonatal mortality among babies born to teenagers depends on preventing low birth weight. The prevention of postneonatal mortality may depend more on other factors, such as assisting teenagers with better parenting. Finally, although there maybe few biological reasons to postpone childbearing,teenage childbearing continues to place the mother and her baby at a social disadvantage.
Collapse
|
31
|
Baldwin W. Half empty, half full: what we know about low birth weight among blacks. JAMA 1986; 255:86-8. [PMID: 3940311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
32
|
Baldwin W. The hospital chaplain's role--strictly confidential. Nurs Mirror 1981; 153:26-8. [PMID: 6911729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
33
|
|
34
|
Bertram J, Ragatz BH, Baldwin W, Iatrides PG. Effects of N-acetyl glucosamine on platelet aggregation. Thromb Res 1981; 23:289-300. [PMID: 7302929 DOI: 10.1016/0049-3848(81)90018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
35
|
van Rood JJ, Persijn GG, Paul LC, Cohen B, Lansbergen Q, Goulmy E, Claas FH, Baldwin W, van Es LA. Significant factors influencing kidney graft survival. Transplant Proc 1981; 13:909-12. [PMID: 7022960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
36
|
Baldwin W. Adolescent pregnancy and childbearing -- an overview. Semin Perinatol 1981; 5:1-8. [PMID: 7209559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
37
|
|
38
|
Presser HB, Baldwin W. Child care as a constraint on employment: prevalence, correlates, and bearing on the work and fertility nexus. AJS 1980; 85:1202-1213. [PMID: 7377460 DOI: 10.1086/227130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
39
|
Baldwin W, Cain VS. The children of teenage parents. Fam Plann Perspect 1980; 12:34-9,42-3. [PMID: 7364020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
40
|
Landay ME, Baldwin W. Comparative serology of two clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. J Clin Microbiol 1979; 9:643-4. [PMID: 90054 PMCID: PMC275366 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.9.5.643-644.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiserum prepared in rabbits against Bacteroides fragilis showed numerous bands when reacted with B. fragilis antigen in Ouchterlony plates. This antiserum also reacted with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and showed one band of apparent identity with B. fragilis. The band of identity common for both organisms was lost if the antigen was heated at 80 degrees C for 30 min. Antisera prepared against B. thetaiotaomicron did not react with B. fragilis.
Collapse
|
41
|
Baldwin W. Anorexia nervosa. Nurs Times 1975; 71:134-5. [PMID: 1110911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
42
|
Baldwin W. The alpha- and beta-adrenergic blocking agents and their relationship to osteopathic medicine. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1968; 67:861-70. [PMID: 4870109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
43
|
Baldwin W. ECG clinic. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1967; 67:445-8. [PMID: 5183485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
44
|
Baldwin W. ECG clinic. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1967; 67:123-6. [PMID: 5183262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
45
|
Baldwin W. ECG clinic. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1967; 67:79-86. [PMID: 5183104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
46
|
Baldwin W. ECG clinic. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1966; 65:1001-4. [PMID: 5177174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
47
|
Baldwin W. ECG clinic. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1966; 65:841-4. [PMID: 5177000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
48
|
Baldwin W. ECG clinic. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1966; 65:503-6. [PMID: 5175566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
49
|
Baldwin W. ECG clinic. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1965; 65:401-6. [PMID: 5174620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
50
|
Baldwin W. ECG clinic No. 3. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1965; 65:297-302. [PMID: 5174414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|