1
|
Cui YP, Shi XD, Liu J, Mi C, Wang B, Pan YX, Lin YF. [Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined expandable tubular retractor in the treatment of spinal metastases]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 55:530-536. [PMID: 37291930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined expandable tubular retractor in the treatment of patients with spinal metastases. METHODS In the study, 12 patients of spinal metastases treated with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined expandable tubular retractor in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed between June 2017 and October 2019. Among the 12 patients, 9 were males and 3 were females; the median age was 62.5 years [(65.1±2.9) years]. The decompression segment of 7 patients was located at the lower thoracic spine (including 1 patient with incomplete paraplegia) and the decompression segment of 5 patients was located at the lumbar spine; Tomita score was 6.0±0.6. Perioperative data of the patients were reviewed. Visual analog scale (VAS score), Karnofsky score, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score were compared before and after surgery. The patient's survival, adjuvant treatment, and internal fixation failure were observed in the follow-up period. RESULTS All the 12 patients had a successful operation with percuta-neous pedicle screw fixation combined expandable tubular retractor. The average operative time, blood loss, and blood transfused of the patients were (247.0±14.6) min, (804.2±222.3) mL and (500.0±100.0) mL, respectively. The average amount of drainage was (240.8±79.3) mL. Drainage tubes were pulled out early postoperative [(3.2±0.3) d], allowing early mobilization. The patients discharged (7.8±0.8) d postoperative. All the patients were followed up for 6-30 months, and the average overall survival time was (13.6±2.4) months. During the follow-up period, 2 patients experienced screw displacement, the internal fixation was stable after conservative treatment and no revision surgery was performed. The VAS of the patients was 7.1±0.2 before surgery, which decreased to 2.3±0.1 and 2.8±0.4 at 3 and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). The Karnofsky score of the patients was 59.2±1.9 before surgery, which increased to 75.0±1.9 and 74.2±3.1 at 3 and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). The ECOG of the patients was 2.3±0.2 before surgery, which decreased to 1.7±0.1 and 1.7±0.2 at 3 and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION For selected patients with spinal metastases, minimally invasive surgical treatment of spinal metastases (percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation combined with expandable tubular retractor) can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life, with satisfactory clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y P Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - X D Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - C Mi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y X Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y F Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li HH, Bao LS, Deng SM, Liu L, Cheng J, Chen X, Pan YX, Zhang JS, Chu WY. Investigation of Proteus vulgaris and Elizabethkingia meningoseptica invasion on muscle oxidative stress and autophagy in Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). Sci Rep 2021; 11:3657. [PMID: 33574492 PMCID: PMC7878920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle is an important structural tissue in aquatic animals and it is susceptible to bacterial and fungal infection, which could affect flesh quality and health. In this study, Chinese soft-shelled turtles were artificially infected with two pathogens, Proteus vulgaris and Elizabethkingia meningoseptica and the effects on muscle nutritional characteristics, oxidative stress and autophagy were assayed. Upon infection, the muscle nutritional composition and muscle fiber structure were notably influenced. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of Nrf2 was down-regulated and Keap1 up-regulated, thus resulting in a decrease in antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress. However, with N-acetylcysteine treatment, the level of oxidative stress was decreased, accompanied by significant increases in antioxidant enzyme activities and the mRNA levels of SOD, CAT, GSTCD, and GSTO1. Interestingly, there was a significant increase in autophagy in the muscle tissue after the pathogen infection, but this increase could be reduced by N-acetylcysteine treatment. Our findings suggest that muscle nutritional characteristics were dramatically changed after pathogen infection, and oxidative stress and autophagy were induced by pathogen infection. However, N-acetylcysteine treatment could compromise the process perhaps by decreasing the ROS level and regulating Nrf2-antioxidant signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hui Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
- College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Sheng Bao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Li Liu
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-She Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wu-Ying Chu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pan YX, Zhuo MQ, Li DD, Xu YH, Wu K, Luo Z. SREBP-1 and LXRα pathways mediated Cu-induced hepatic lipid metabolism in zebrafish Danio rerio. Chemosphere 2019; 215:370-379. [PMID: 30336314 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of Cu-induced disorder of lipid metabolism in fish. To this end, adult zebrafish were exposed to three waterborne Cu concentrations (0 (control), 8 and 16 μg Cu/L, respectively) for 60 days. Hepatic Cu content and hepatosomatic index increased after waterborne Cu exposure. H&E and oil red O stainings showed extensive steatosis in the liver of Cu-exposed fish. Cu exposure up-regulated lipogenic enzymes activities of ME, ICDH, 6PGD, G6PD and FAS, but down-regulated CPTI activities. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that lipid metabolism related pathways were significantly enriched in both low-dose and high-dose Cu exposure group. Genes involved in lipogenic process from fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation, fatty acid desaturation to glycerolipid biosynthesis were up-regulated by Cu. To elucidate the mechanism, LXRα inhibitor SR9243 and SREBP1 inhibitor fatostatin were used to verify the role of LXRα and SREBP1 in Cu-induced disorder of lipid metabolism. Both SR9243 and fatostatin significantly attenuated the Cu-induced increase of TG accumulation of hepatocytes. Meanwhile, SR9243 significantly attenuated the Cu-induced up-regulation of expression of lipogenic genes (acaca, fas, icdh, dgat1, moat2 and moat3), and fatostatin significantly attenuated the up-regulation of expression of acaca, fas, g6pd, dgat1 and moat2. Enzymes analysis showed both SR9243 and fatostatin blocked the Cu-induced increase of lipogenic enzymes activities. Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of LXRα and SREBP1 in Cu-induced hepatic lipid deposition, which proposed a novel mechanism for elucidating metal element exposure inducing the disorder of lipid metabolism in aquatic vertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xiong Pan
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha 410003, China
| | - Mei-Qing Zhuo
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Erratum: Observation of D^{0} Meson Nuclear Modifications in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 142301 (2014)]. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:229901. [PMID: 30547623 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.229901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.142301.
Collapse
|
5
|
Song YF, Gao Y, Hogstrand C, Li DD, Pan YX, Luo Z. Upstream regulators of apoptosis mediates methionine-induced changes of lipid metabolism. Cell Signal 2018; 51:176-190. [PMID: 30099089 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the role of methionine (Met), as precursor for l-carnitine synthesis, in the regulation of lipid metabolism has been explored. Met seems to have tissue- and species-specific regulatory effect on lipid metabolism, implying that the mechanisms in Met regulation of lipid metabolism is complex and may involve the upstream regulatory pathway of lipid metabolism. The present study was performed to determine the mechanism of apoptosis signaling pathways mediating Met-induced changes of hepatic lipid deposition and metabolism in fish, and compare the differences of the mechanisms between the fish and mammals. By iTRAQ-based quantitative proteome analyses, we found that both dietary Met deficiency and excess evoked apoptosis signaling pathways, increased hepatic lipid deposition and caused aberrant hepatic lipid metabolism of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Using primary hepatocytes from P. fulvidraco, inhibition of caspase by Z-VAD-FMK blocked the apoptotic signaling pathways with a concomitant reversal of Met deficiency- and excess-induced increase of lipid deposition, indicating that apoptosis involved the Met-mediated changes of hepatic lipid metabolism. Moreover, we explored the roles of three upstream apoptotic signaling pathways (PI3K/AKT-TOR pathway, cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway and LKB1/AMPK-FOXO pathway) influencing hepatic lipid metabolism of P. fulvidraco. The three upstream pathways participated in apoptosis mediating Met-induced changes of lipid metabolism in P. fulvidraco. At last, HepG2 cell line was used to compare the similarities of mechanisms in apoptosis mediating Met-induced changes of lipid metabolism between fish and mammals. Although several slight differences existed, apoptosis mediated the Met-induced changes of lipid metabolism between fish and mammals. The present study reveals novel apoptosis-relevant signal transduction axis which mediates the Met-induced changes of lipid metabolism, which will help understand the mechanistic link between apoptosis and lipid metabolism, and highlight the importance of the evolutionary conservative apoptosis signaling axis in regulating Met-induced changes of hepatic lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wei CC, Luo Z, Hogstrand C, Xu YH, Wu LX, Chen GH, Pan YX, Song YF. Zinc reduces hepatic lipid deposition and activates lipophagy via Zn 2+/MTF-1/PPARα and Ca 2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathways. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800463. [PMID: 29912588 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is the most consistently discovered nutritional manifestations of fatty liver disease. Although Zn is known to stimulate hepatic lipid oxidation, little is known about its underlying mechanism of action in lipolysis. Given the potential role of lipophagy in lipid metabolism, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that Zn attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation by modulating lipophagy. The present study indicated that Zn is a potent promoter of lipophagy. Zn administration significantly alleviated hepatocellular lipid accumulation and increased the release of free fatty acids in association with enhanced fatty acid oxidation and inhibited lipogenesis, which was accompanied by activation of autophagy. Moreover, Zn reduced lipid accumulation and stimulated lipolysis by autophagy-mediated lipophagy. Zn-induced up-regulation of autophagy and lipid depletion is free Zn2+-dependent in the cytosols. Zn-induced autophagy and lipid turnover involved up-regulation of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-β (Ca2+/CaMKKβ)/AMPK pathway. Meanwhile, Zn2+-activated autophagy and lipid depletion were via enhancing metal response element-binding transcription factor (MTF)-1 DNA binding at PPARα promoter region, which in turn induced transcriptional activation of the key genes related to autophagy and lipolysis. Zn activated the pathways of Zn2+/MTF-1/ Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α and Ca2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK, resulting in the up-regulation of lipophagy and accordingly reduced hepatic lipid accumulation. Our study, for the first time, provided innovative evidence of the direct relationship between metal elements (Zn) and lipid metabolism. The present study also indicated the novel mechanism for Zn-induced lipolysis by the activation of Zn2+/MTF-1/PPARα and Ca2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathways, which induced the occurrence of lipophagy. These results provide new insight into Zn nutrition and its potential beneficial effects on the prevention of fatty liver disease in vertebrates.-Wei, C.-C., Luo, Z., Hogstrand, C., Xu, Y.-H., Wu, L.-X., Chen, G.-H., Pan, Y.-X., Song, Y.-F. Zinc reduces hepatic lipid deposition and activates lipophagy via Zn2+/MTF-1/PPARα and Ca2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Chuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Xiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang-Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pan YX, Luo Z, Zhuo MQ, Wei CC, Chen GH, Song YF. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction mediated Cd-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in zebrafish Danio rerio. Aquat Toxicol 2018; 199:12-20. [PMID: 29604498 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to determine the effect of waterborne CdCl2 exposure influencing lipid deposition and metabolism, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and explore the underlying molecular mechanism of cadmium (Cd)-induced disorder of hepatic lipid metabolism in fish. To this end, adult zebrafish were exposed to three waterborne CdCl2 concentrations (0(control), 5 and 25 μg Cd/l, respectively) for 30 days. Lipid accumulation, the activities of enzymes related to lipid metabolism and oxidative stress, as well as the expression level of genes involved in lipid metabolism and mitophagy were determined in the liver of zebrafish. Waterborne CdCl2 exposure increased hepatic triglyceride (TG) and Cd accumulation, the activities of fatty acid synthase (FAS), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and malic enzyme (ME), and the mRNA level of fatty acid synthase (fas), acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (acaca), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) and malic enzyme (me), but reduced the mRNA level of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (cpt1), hormone-sensitive lipase alpha (hsla), and adipose triacylglyceride lipase (atgl). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathoinine peroxidase (GPx) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and the ATP level were significantly reduced after CdCl2 exposure. CdCl2 exposure significantly increased the mRNA level of genes (microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 alpha (lc3a), PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (pink1), NIP3-like protein X (nix) and PARKIN (parkin)) related to mitophagy. To elucidate the mechanism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA) were used to verify the role of ROS and mitochondrial dysfunction in Cd-induced disorder of lipid metabolism. NAC pretreatment reversed the Cd-induced up-regulation of TG accumulation and activities of lipogenic enzymes, and the Cd-induced down-regulation of mRNA levels of lipolytic genes. Meanwhile, NAC pretreatment also blocked the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse and decreased the ATP level, suggesting that ROS played a crucial role in regulating the Cd-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken together, our findings, for the first time, highlight the importance of the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Cd-induced disorder of hepatic lipid metabolism, which proposed a novel mechanism for elucidating metal element exposure inducing the disorder of lipid metabolism in vertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xiong Pan
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China.
| | - Mei-Qing Zhuo
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuan-Chuan Wei
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guang-Hui Chen
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Batistel F, Pan YX, Parys C, Loor JJ. 162 Methionine Supply during Late-Gestation Triggers Sex-Specific Divergent Trajectories of Metabolism and Epigenetic Systems in Bovine Placenta. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Batistel
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Y X Pan
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - C Parys
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - J J Loor
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Song YF, Hogstrand C, Wei CC, Wu K, Pan YX, Luo Z. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cAMP/PKA pathway mediated Zn-induced hepatic lipolysis. Environ Pollut 2017; 228:256-264. [PMID: 28549333 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to determine the effect of Zn exposure influencing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, explore the underlying molecular mechanism of Zn-induced hepatic lipolysis in a fish species of significance for aquaculture, yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. We found that waterborne Zn exposure evoked ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR), and activated cAMP/PKA pathway, and up-regulated hepatic lipolysis. The increase in ER stress and lipolysis were associated with activation of cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. Zn also induced an increase in intracellular Ca2+ level, which could be partially prevented by dantrolene (RyR receptor inhibitor) and 2-APB (IP3 receptor inhibitor), demonstrating that the disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis in ER contributed to ER stress and dysregulation of lipolysis. Inhibition of ER stress by PBA attenuated UPR, inhibited the activation of cAMP/PKA pathway and resulted in down-regulation of lipolysis. Inhibition of protein kinase RNA-activated-like ER kinase (PERK) by GSK2656157 and inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE) by STF-083010 differentially influenced Zn-induced changes of lipid metabolism, indicating that PERK and IRE pathways played different regulatory roles in Zn-induced lipolysis. Inhibition of PKA by H89 blocked the Zn-induced activation of cAMP/PKA pathway with a concomitant inhibition of ER stress-mediated lipolysis. Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of the ER stress-cAMP/PKA axis in Zn-induced lipolysis, which provides new insights into Zn toxicology in fish and probably in other vertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Chuan-Chuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aoyama R, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bai X, Bairathi V, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Brown D, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben J, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Horvat S, Huang X, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang T, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan Z, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li C, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu Y, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Luo S, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, McDonald D, McKinzie S, Meehan K, Mei JC, Miller ZW, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov VA, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Pluta J, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Rehbein MJ, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roth JD, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma MK, Sharma A, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Z, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sugiura T, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun Z, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Tang Z, Tang AH, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thäder J, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang F, Wang JS, Wang G, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xin K, Xu QH, Xu H, Xu YF, Xu Z, Xu J, Xu N, Yang S, Yang Q, Yang Y, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang XP, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang JB, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Dijet imbalance measurements in Au+Au and pp collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV at STAR. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:062301. [PMID: 28949601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.062301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the first dijet transverse momentum asymmetry measurements from Au+Au and pp collisions at RHIC. The two highest-energy back-to-back jets reconstructed from fragments with transverse momenta above 2 GeV/c display a significantly higher momentum imbalance in heavy-ion collisions than in the pp reference. When reexamined with correlated soft particles included, we observe that these dijets then exhibit a unique new feature-momentum balance is restored to that observed in pp for a jet resolution parameter of R=0.4, while rebalancing is not attained with a smaller value of R=0.2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Aoyama
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - X Bai
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Brown
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | | | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University Of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Lin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - M A Lisa
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- State University Of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - S McKinzie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - Z W Miller
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvnia 18015
| | | | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J D Roth
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - T Sugiura
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - A Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J Thäder
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | | | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhuo MQ, Pan YX, Wu K, Xu YH, Zhang LH, Luo Z. AKTs/PKBs: molecular characterization, tissue expression and transcriptional responses to insulin and/or wortmannin in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Fish Physiol Biochem 2017; 43:719-730. [PMID: 28000079 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0327-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, four AKT isoforms termed AKT1, AKT2, AKT3a and AKT3b were isolated and characterized from yellow catfish. Their molecular characterizations, tissue expressions and transcriptional responses to insulin and/or wortmannin were determined. The validated complementary DNA (cDNA) of yellow catfish AKT1, AKT2, AKT3a and AKT3b were 1422, 1431, 1389 and 1440 bp in length, encoding the peptide of 472, 475, 462 and 479 amino acid residues, respectively. The amino acid sequences of yellow catfish AKTs possessed all the characteristics of AKTs in other species. AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3b contained a conserved domain structure including a specific PH domain, a central catalytic domain and a C-terminal regulatory domain, while AKT3a lacked the C-terminal regulatory domain. All mRNAs of AKTs were expressed at the highest levels in the ovary. Among other tissues, the messenger RNA (mRNA) of AKT1 was widely distributed in all tested tissues, and AKT2 mRNA was more abundant in the muscle, liver and fat and lowest in other tested tissues, while AKT3a mRNA was predominant in the brain and showed no significant difference among other tested tissues, and AKT3b mRNA was highly expressed in the ovary, followed by the brain, muscle and fat and was relatively low in other tissues. Intraperitoneal insulin injection and incubation increased the mRNA expression of AKT1 and AKT2, but not that of AKT3a and AKT3b in the liver and hepatocytes of yellow catfish. Wortmannin reduced the mRNA level of all AKT isoforms and also alleviated the insulin-induced changes of AKT2 expression. The present study cloned full-length cDNA sequences of four AKTs in fish and determined their tissue expression profiles and studied their transcriptional responses to insulin and/or wortmannin, which serves to increase our understanding of their physiological function in lipid metabolism in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Qin Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wei CC, Luo Z, Song YF, Pan YX, Wu K, You WJ. Identification of autophagy related genes LC3 and ATG4 from yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and their transcriptional responses to waterborne and dietborne zinc exposure. Chemosphere 2017; 175:228-238. [PMID: 28222377 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy mediates the regulation of lipid metabolism. Moreover, our recent study indicated that waterborne and dietborne zinc (Zn) exposure differentially influenced lipid metabolism in a fish species of significance for aquaculture, yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, but further mechanism remained unknown. The hypothesis of the present study is that autophagy mediated the Zn-induced changes of lipid metabolism of yellow catfish subjected to different exposure pathways. To this end, we cloned key genes involved in autophagy in yellow catfish, explored their mRNA expressions in responses to different Zn exposure pathways. Full-length cDNA sequences of two LC3 subtypes and six ATG4 isoforms were isolated from yellow catfish. More ATG4 members were firstly identified in fish that might have arisen by teleost-specific whole genome duplication events. All of these members shared similar domain structure to their orthologous genes of vertebrates. Their mRNAs were widely expressed in various tissues, but at variable levels. Extra Zn addition in water or diets induced (P < 0.05) mRNA expression of ATG4Da, ATG4Db and LC3B. Considering their important roles of these genes in lipid metabolism, ATG4Da, ATG4Db and LC3B may mediate the changes of Zn-induced hepatic lipid metabolism of yellow catfish under different Zn exposure pathways. For the first time, we characterized the full-length cDNA sequences of six ATG4 isoforms and two LC3 subtypes, determined their tissue expression profiles and transcriptional responses to different Zn exposure pathways, which would contribute to our understanding of the molecular basis of autophagy, and also provide new insights into physiological responses to different Zn exposure pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Chuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wen-Jing You
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cui YP, Mi C, Shi XD, Wang B, Pan YX, Lin YF. [Clinical characteristics and prognosis of cultured negative pyogenic spondylitis]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2017; 49:226-230. [PMID: 28416829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are limited data describing the clinical characteristics and prognosis of culture negative pyogenic spondylitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment, prognosis and clinical characteristics of culture negative pyogenic spondylitis. METHODS A retrospective study reviewed 74 patients who were diagnosed with spondylitis in Peking University First Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015. A total of 27 patients suffered from pyogenic spondylitis. According to the pathogenic culture results, the patients were divided into two groups: culture negative group and culture positive group. The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes between the two groups were compared. RESULTS The elder were more vulnerable to pyogenic spondylitis, and of the 27 patients, 12 patients were female and 15 male. All patients had no history of administration of antibiotics prior to obtaining culture samples. A causative germ was identified in 14/27 patients (51.9%) with Staphylococcus aureus being the most common pathogen. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the patient's age, gender, visual analogue score (VAS), predisposing factor, clinical symptom, sign and spinal segment (P>0.05). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P=0.056) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (P=0.040) of culture negative group were lower in contrast to culture positive group. The incidence of vertebral abscess in culture negative group was higher than in culture positive group (P=0.046). After treatment, ESR dropped almost equally in both groups, and CRP dropped faster in the culture positive group (P=0.192). At last, there was no significant difference between the two groups in hospital stay, pain relief, open debridement operation rate, and recurrence rate of infection. CONCLUSION ESR and CRP of the culture negative patient were lower than those of the culture positive patient, and the incidence rate of paravertebral abscess was higher than that of the culture positive patient. After administration of antibiotics, there was no significant difference between the two groups in duration of antibiotics, open debridement operation rate and recurrence rate of infection. So, culture negative may not necessarily be a negative prognostic factor for pyogenic spondylitis. However, we should watch out for the drug resistant bacteria or double infection, due to the long term use of wide-spectrum antibiotic in culture negative patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y P Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - C Mi
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - X D Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y X Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y F Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhuo MQ, Pan YX, Wu K, Xu YH, Zhang LH, Luo Z. IRS1 and IRS2: molecular characterization, tissue expression and transcriptional regulation by insulin in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Fish Physiol Biochem 2017; 43:619-630. [PMID: 27864748 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, in particular, IRS1 and IRS2, are the key downstream players of insulin signaling pathway and the regulation of lipid metabolism. In the present study, two genes of IRS (IRS1 and IRS2) were isolated and characterized from yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Their molecular characterizations, tissue expressions, and transcriptional levels by insulin both in vivo and in vitro were determined. The validated complementary DNAs encoding for IRS1 and IRS2 were 3693 and 3177 bp in length, encoding proteins of 1230 and 1058 amino acid residues, respectively. Similarly to mammals, amino acid sequence alignment revealed that IRSs contained an N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain, and several C-terminal multiple sites of tyrosine phosphorylation. Both IRS1 and IRS2 were widely expressed across the ten tissues (liver, white muscle, spleen, brain, gill, mesenteric fat, anterior intestine, heart, mid-kidney, and ovary), but at the variable levels. Insulin injection at 1 μg/g in vivo significantly stimulated the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of IRS2, but not IRS1 mRNA expression levels in the liver of yellow catfish after 48 h. In hepatocytes of yellow catfish, insulin incubation significantly stimulated the IRS1 (at a 1000 nM insulin group) and IRS2 (at both 100 and 1000 nM insulin groups) mRNA expressions, which indicated that IRS2 was more sensitive than IRS1 to insulin stimulation in the liver of yellow catfish, and IRS2 played a more important role in mediating insulin's effects on the liver metabolism. The present study serves to increase our understanding into the function of IRS in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Qin Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aoyama R, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bai X, Bairathi V, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen X, Chen JH, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang X, Huang HZ, Huang T, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li Y, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu Y, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Luo S, Ma GL, Ma R, Ma YG, Ma L, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, McDonald D, McKinzie S, Meehan K, Mei JC, Miller ZW, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov VA, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Pluta J, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Rehbein MJ, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roth JD, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma A, Sharma MK, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Z, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sugiura T, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun Z, Sun Y, Sun XM, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thäder J, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang G, Wang F, Wang JS, Wang Y, Wang H, Wang Y, Webb JC, Webb G, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xie G, Xin K, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu H, Xu Z, Xu N, Xu J, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Q, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang J, Zhang XP, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang JB, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Charge-Dependent Directed Flow in Cu+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:012301. [PMID: 28106415 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.012301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement of charge-dependent directed flow in Cu+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. The results are presented as a function of the particle transverse momentum and pseudorapidity for different centralities. A finite difference between the directed flow of positive and negative charged particles is observed that qualitatively agrees with the expectations from the effects of the initial strong electric field between two colliding ions with different nuclear charges. The measured difference in directed flow is much smaller than that obtained from the parton-hadron-string-dynamics model, which suggests that most of the electric charges, i.e., quarks and antiquarks, have not yet been created during the lifetime of the strong electric field, which is of the order of, or less than, 1 fm/c.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Aoyama
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M U Ashraf
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - X Bai
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J L Drachenberg
- Lamar University, Physics Department, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Esumi
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- State University Of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - T Lin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - N Magdy
- State University Of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - S McKinzie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z W Miller
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - M J Rehbein
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J D Roth
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - A Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Z Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - T Sugiura
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J Thäder
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Upsal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Xie
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - L Yi
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang LH, Luo Z, Song YF, Shi X, Pan YX, Fan YF, Xu YH. Effects and mechanisms of waterborne copper exposure influencing ovary development and related hormones secretion in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Aquat Toxicol 2016; 178:88-98. [PMID: 27472784 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the effects and mechanism of waterborne copper (Cu) exposure influencing ovary development and related hormones secretion in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. To this end, two experiments were conducted. In Exp. 1, the partial cDNA sequences of three steroidogenesis-related genes (androgen receptor (ar), steroidogenic factor 1 (sf-1) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star)) were firstly characterized from P. fulvidraco. The predicted amino acid sequences for the P. fulvidraco ar, sf-1 and star contained the main structural features characteristic in other species. In Exp. 2, P. fulvidraco were exposed to three waterborne Cu concentrations (control, 30μg/l and 60μg/l, respectively) for 56days. Sampling occurred on day 28 and day 56, respectively. On day 28, the levels of serum sex-steroid hormones (FSH and LH) and the mRNA levels of steroidogenesis-related genes (3β-hsd, cyp11a1, cyp17, cyp19a, sf-1 and star) were significantly increased in ovary of P. fulvidraco exposed to 30μg Cu/l. The immunohistochemical analysis showed the positive reaction of ER, VTG and aromatase in low dose exposure group. These indicated that in low dose and relative short-term exposure, Cu was beneficial. In contrast, 60μg Cu/l exposure significantly reduced the levels of serum FSH, LH, E2 and P, and the mRNA levels of ovarian 20β-hsd, cyp19a and erα in P. fulvidraco. On day 56, waterborne Cu concentration exposure reduced the levels of serum gonadotropins and sex hormones, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of steroidogenesis-related genes, indicating long-term Cu exposure had toxic effect on the secretion of sex-steroid hormone in P. fulvidraco. For the first time, our study cloned cDNA sequences of ar, sf-1 and star in P. fulvidraco, and demonstrated the effects and mechanism of waterborne Cu exposure influencing hormones secretion and synthesis in dose- and time-dependent manner in P. fulvidraco, which will help to understand the Cu-induced reproductive toxicity at both protein and transcriptional levels in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Han Zhang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xi Shi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yao-Fang Fan
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen F, Luo Z, Chen GH, Shi X, Liu X, Song YF, Pan YX. Effects of waterborne Cu exposure on intestinal copper transport and lipid metabolism of Synechogobius hasta. Aquat Toxicol 2016; 178:171-181. [PMID: 27509383 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to explore the effects of waterborne Cu exposure on intestinal Cu transport and lipid metabolism of Synechogobius hasta. S. hasta were exposed to 0, 0.4721 and 0.9442μM Cu, respectively. Sampling occurred on days 0, 21 and 42, respectively. Growth performance, intestinal lipid deposition, Cu content, and activities and mRNA expression of enzymes and genes involved in Cu transport and lipid metabolism were analyzed. Cu exposure decreased WG and SGR on days 21 and 42. Cu exposure increased intestinal Cu and lipid contents. Increased Cu accumulation was attributable to increased enzymatic activities (Cu-ATPase and Cu, Zn-SOD) and genes' (CTR1, CTR2, DMT1, ATP7a, ATP7b, MT1 and MT2) expression involved in Cu transport. Waterborne Cu exposure also increased activities of lipogenic enzymes (6PGD and ICDH on both days 21 and 42, ME on day 42), up-regulated mRNA levels of lipogenic genes (G6PD, 6PGD, ME, ICDH, FAS and ACCa), lipolytic genes (ACCb, CPT I and HSLa) and genes involved in intestinal fatty acid uptake (IFABP and FATP4) on both days 21 and 42. The up-regulation of lipolysis may result from the increased metabolic expenditure for detoxification and maintenance of the normal body functions in a response to Cu exposure. Meantime, Cu exposure increased lipogenesis and fatty acid uptake, leading to net lipid accumulation in the intestine despite increased lipolysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report involved in intestinal lipid metabolism in combination with intestinal Cu absorption following waterborne Cu exposure, which provides new insights and evidence into Cu toxicity in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed Formulation for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed Formulation for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Chen
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed Formulation for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xi Shi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed Formulation for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Postgraduate Research Base, Panjin Guanghe Fishery Co. Ltd., Panjin 124200, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed Formulation for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed Formulation for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen F, Luo Z, Fan YF, Wu K, Pan YX, Liu X, Zhang LH, Song YF. Five metal elements homeostasis-related genes in Synechogobius hasta: Molecular characterization, tissue expression and transcriptional response to Cu and Fe exposure. Chemosphere 2016; 159:392-402. [PMID: 27323292 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two isoforms of Cu transporter (CTR1 and CTR2) and metallothionein (MT1 and MT2), and divalent metal ion transporter 1 (DMT1) were cloned and characterized in Synechogobius hasta, respectively. The protein sequences of S. hasta CTRs possessed two methionine-rich regions (MxM and MxxxM) and three transmembrane regions. At the C-terminus, CTR1 contained a sequence of conserved cysteine and histidine residues (HCH), while CTR2 did not contain the conserved sequence. The protein sequence of S. hasta DMT1 possessed all the characteristic features of DMT1, including twelve conserved hydrophobic cores of transmembrane domains. The protein sequences of S. hasta MTs were highly conserved in the total number of cysteine residues and their locations. mRNA of the five genes were expressed in a wide range of tissues but the levels were relatively higher in the liver. Cu exposure tended to up-regulate the mRNA expressions of CTR2, DMT1, MT1 and MT2. However, Fe down-regulated the Cu-induced increase of CTR2 and DMT1 mRNA levels. For the first time, our study cloned and characterized CTR1, CTR2, DMT1, MT1 and MT2 genes in S. hasta and determined their tissue-specific expression, and also the transcriptional change by Cu and Fe exposure, which shed new light on the CuFe relationship and help to understand the basic mechanisms of Cu and Fe homeostasis in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, China.
| | - Yao-Fang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Postgraduate Research Base, Panjin Guanghe Fishery Co. Ltd., Panjin 124200, China
| | - Li-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hu W, Mai KS, Luo Z, Zheng JL, Huang C, Pan YX. Effect of waterborne zinc exposure on lipid deposition and metabolism in hepatopancreas and muscle of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Fish Physiol Biochem 2016; 42:1093-1105. [PMID: 26820140 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0200-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of waterborne zinc (control, 0.85, 2.20, 3.10 mg/l, respectively) exposure on lipid deposition and metabolism in the hepatopancreas and muscle of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. The lipid content, Zn accumulation, and the activities and expression levels of several enzymes involved in lipid metabolism were determined in hepatopancreas and muscle. Waterborne Zn exposure reduced growth performance and increased Zn accumulation in both tested tissues. In hepatopancreas, Zn exposure increased lipid content, the activities of lipogenic enzymes, such as 6PGD, G6PD, ME, ICDH and FAS, as well as the mRNA expression level of G6PD, 6PGD, ICDH, FAS and SREBP-1. But the activity of CPT I and the mRNA expression of HSL, CPT Iα1a, CPT Iα2a and PPARα were down-regulated by Zn exposure. In contrast, in muscle, waterborne Zn exposure decreased lipid deposition, activities of 6GPD, ICDH and ME, as well as the mRNA expression level of G6PD, ICDH, ME, FAS and SREBP-1. However, the activity of CPT I as well as the mRNA expression level of PPARα, HSL, CPT Iα2a, CPT Iα1b and CPT Iβ were up-regulated by Zn exposure. Our results indicate that waterborne Zn increases lipid content by up-regulating lipogenesis and down-regulating lipolysis in hepatopancreas. But, in muscle, waterborne Zn reduces lipid accumulation by up-regulating lipolysis and down-regulating lipogenesis. Differential patterns of lipid deposition, enzymatic activities and genes' expression indicate the tissue-specific regulatory mechanism in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang-Sen Mai
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jia-Lang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Song YF, Huang C, Shi X, Pan YX, Liu X, Luo Z. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and dysregulation of calcium homeostasis mediate Cu-induced alteration in hepatic lipid metabolism of javelin goby Synechogobius hasta. Aquat Toxicol 2016; 175:20-29. [PMID: 26991751 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Cu exposure on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and Ca(2+) homeostasis, and also explore the underlying mechanism of the ER stress and Ca(2+) homeostasis in the Cu-induced change of hepatic lipid metabolism in javelin goby Synechogobius hasta. To this end, four experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, the full-length cDNA sequences of two ER molecular chaperones [glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and calreticulin (CRT)] and three ER stress sensors [PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), inositol requiring enzyme (IRE)-1α, and activating transcription factor (ATF)-6α] cDNAs were firstly characterized from S. hasta. The predicted amino acid sequences for the S. hasta GRP78, CRT, PERK, IRE-1α and ATF-6α revealed that the proteins contained all of the structural features characteristic in other species. mRNAs of the five genes were expressed in various tissues, but their mRNA levels varied among tissues. In experiment 2, S. hasta were exposed to four waterborne Cu concentrations (control, 19μg/l, 38μg/l, and 57μg/l, respectively) for 60days. Cu exposure evoked ER stress in liver of S. hasta in a time- and concentration-course change. In experiment 3, specific inhibitors, 2-aminoethyldiphenyl borate (2-APB) and dantrolene, were used to explore whether Ca(2+) release from ER was involved in the Cu-induced ER stress change. Dantrolene and 2-APB prevented Cu-induced intracellular Ca(2+) elevation, which demonstrated the release of Ca(2+) from the ER was mediated by both RyR and IP3R. In experiment 4, a chemical chaperone, 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA), was used to demonstrate whether Cu-induced alteration in lipid metabolism was suppressed through the attenuation of ER stress. Cu exposure evoked ER stress and sterol-regulator element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) activation in hepatocytes of S. hasta, resulting in dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism. 4-PBA attenuated the Cu-induced elevation of mRNA expression of ER stress-related genes. For the first time, our study cloned GRP78, CRT, PERK, IRE-1α and ATF-6α genes in S. hasta and demonstrated their differential expression among tissues. Moreover, the study demonstrated the molecular mechanism by which ER stress might underlie the change of lipid metabolism induced by Cu in S. hasta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Postgraduate Research Base, Panjin Guanghe Fishery Co. Ltd., Panjin 124200, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen QL, Luo Z, Huang C, Pan YX, Wu K. De novo characterization of the liver transcriptome of javelin goby Synechogobius hasta and analysis of its transcriptomic profile following waterborne copper exposure. Fish Physiol Biochem 2016; 42:979-994. [PMID: 26719065 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have investigated the physiological responses to chronic copper (Cu) exposure in the liver of Synechogobius hasta; however, little information is available on the underlying molecular mechanisms. In an effort to better understand the mechanisms of Cu toxicity and to illuminate global gene expression patterns modulated by Cu exposure, we obtained the liver transcriptome information of S. hasta by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology and also investigated the differential expression of genes following waterborne Cu exposure. Using the Illumina sequencing platform, as many as 60,217 unigenes were generated, with 815 bp of average length and 1298 bp of unigene N50 after filtering and assembly. For functional annotation analysis, 34,860, 31,526, 31,576, 25,808, 11,542, and 21,721 unigenes were annotated to the NR, NT, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, COG, and GO databases, respectively, and total annotation unigenes were 37,764. After 30 days of exposure to 55 μg Cu/l, a total of 292 and 1076 genes were significantly up- and down-regulated, respectively. By KEGG analysis, 660 had a specific pathway annotation. Subsequent bioinformatics analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly related to lipid metabolism, immune system, apoptosis, and signal transduction, suggesting that these signaling pathways may be regulated by Cu exposure. The present study provides comprehensive sequence information for subsequent gene expression studies regarding S. hasta, and the transcriptome profiling after Cu exposure is also expected to improve our understanding of the molecular toxicology of Cu.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Department of Animal Sciences, Cornell University, Morrison Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen F, Huang C, Luo Z, Shi X, Liu X, Fan YF, Pan YX. Fe reduced hepatic lipid deposition in Synechogobius hasta exposed to waterborne Cu. Aquat Toxicol 2016; 174:134-145. [PMID: 26945540 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidences suggested that Fe influenced Cu metabolism in vertebrates. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that Fe could alleviate Cu-induced change of lipid deposition in the fish species. Synechogobius hasta were exposed to 0, 0.606 and 1.212μM Cu, in combination with 0 and 1.128μM Fe, respectively. Sampling occurred on day 28 and day 56, respectively. Growth performance, hepatic lipid deposition, Fe and Cu level, and activities and mRNA expression of enzymes and genes involved in lipid metabolism were analyzed. Fe addition in water improved survival in S. hasta exposed to the highest waterborne Cu concentration on day 56. Fe addition also increased hepatic Fe content both at day 28 and day 56, and reduced hepatic Cu content. Fe exposure tended to reduce the activities and mRNA expressions of lipogenic enzymes and genes (G6PD and FAS), and up-regulated the mRNA expression of ATGL. With the same Cu concentration, Fe addition tended to down-regulate mRNA levels of SREBP-1 and PPARγ, and up-regulate PPARα mRNA level on day 28. However, on day 56, the mRNA levels of SREBP-1, PPARγ and PPARα are very variable and not related with waterborne Fe addition. Some correlative relationship was observed between the mRNA of transcriptional factors, and the activities of enzymes and the mRNA expression of genes encoding them, implying their transcription regulation of these enzymatic genes by transcriptional factors after Fe addition. Overall, Fe addition mitigated Cu-induced changes of lipid deposition in fish by down-regulation of lipogenesis and up-regulation of lipolysis. Different response patterns of these enzyme activities and gene expressions in the liver of S. hasta following waterborne Fe exposure indicated that Fe effects on Cu-induced change of lipid metabolism are time-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, China.
| | - Xi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Postgraduate Research Base, Panjin Guanghe Fishery Co. Ltd., Panjin 124200, China
| | - Yao-Fang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bai X, Bairathi V, Banerjee A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen X, Chen JH, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Hamad A, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang X, Huang HZ, Huang B, Huang T, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li C, Li Y, Li W, Li X, Li X, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma R, Ma L, Ma GL, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, McDonald D, Meehan K, Mei JC, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov VA, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Pluta J, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma MK, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi Z, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun Y, Sun Z, Sun XM, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thäder J, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang JS, Wang Y, Wang F, Wang Y, Wang H, Wang G, Webb JC, Webb G, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie X, Xie W, Xin K, Xu N, Xu YF, Xu Z, Xu QH, Xu J, Xu H, Yang Q, Yang Y, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang C, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang JB, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang XP, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Measurement of the Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetry in p^{↑}+p→W^{±}/Z^{0} at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:132301. [PMID: 27081970 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.132301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the measurement of the transverse single-spin asymmetry of weak boson production in transversely polarized proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=500 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The measured observable is sensitive to the Sivers function, one of the transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions, which is predicted to have the opposite sign in proton-proton collisions from that observed in deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering. These data provide the first experimental investigation of the nonuniversality of the Sivers function, fundamental to our understanding of QCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - X Bai
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | | | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - T Lin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - A Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J Thäder
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - X Xie
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - L Yi
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bai X, Bairathi V, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Horvat S, Huang T, Huang X, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li X, Li C, Li X, Li Y, Li W, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma R, Ma GL, Ma YG, Ma L, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, McDonald D, McKinzie S, Meehan K, Mei JC, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov VA, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Pluta J, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala S, Raniwala R, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma A, Sharma B, Sharma MK, Shen WQ, Shi Z, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Smirnov D, Solyst W, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun Z, Sun XM, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Tang Z, Tang AH, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thäder J, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xie G, Xin K, Xu YF, Xu QH, Xu N, Xu H, Xu Z, Xu J, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Q, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Zhang JB, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Beam Energy Dependence of the Third Harmonic of Azimuthal Correlations in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:112302. [PMID: 27035295 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.112302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present results from a harmonic decomposition of two-particle azimuthal correlations measured with the STAR detector in Au+Au collisions for energies ranging from sqrt[s_{NN}]=7.7 to 200 GeV. The third harmonic v_{3}^{2}{2}=⟨cos3(ϕ_{1}-ϕ_{2})⟩, where ϕ_{1}-ϕ_{2} is the angular difference in azimuth, is studied as a function of the pseudorapidity difference between particle pairs Δη=η_{1}-η_{2}. Nonzero v_{3}^{2}{2} is directly related to the previously observed large-Δη narrow-Δϕ ridge correlations and has been shown in models to be sensitive to the existence of a low viscosity quark gluon plasma phase. For sufficiently central collisions, v_{3}^{2}{2} persist down to an energy of 7.7 GeV, suggesting that quark gluon plasma may be created even in these low energy collisions. In peripheral collisions at these low energies, however, v_{3}^{2}{2} is consistent with zero. When scaled by the pseudorapidity density of charged-particle multiplicity per participating nucleon pair, v_{3}^{2}{2} for central collisions shows a minimum near sqrt[s_{NN}]=20 GeV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - X Bai
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - T Lin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - S McKinzie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - A Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J Thäder
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Xie
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - L Yi
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | | | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Banerjee A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cervantes MC, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad A, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang X, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li ZM, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li C, Li Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma YG, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, Meehan K, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov V, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peterson A, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma MK, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida N, Szelezniak MA, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang Y, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang H, Wang Y, Wang F, Webb JC, Webb G, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xin K, Xu N, Xu Z, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu H, Yang Q, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yang S, Yang C, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang JB, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhang XP, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Centrality and Transverse Momentum Dependence of Elliptic Flow of Multistrange Hadrons and ϕ Meson in Au+Au Collisions at √[sNN]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:062301. [PMID: 26918982 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.062301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present high precision measurements of elliptic flow near midrapidity (|y|<1.0) for multistrange hadrons and ϕ meson as a function of centrality and transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions at center of mass energy √[sNN]=200 GeV. We observe that the transverse momentum dependence of ϕ and Ω v2 is similar to that of π and p, respectively, which may indicate that the heavier strange quark flows as strongly as the lighter up and down quarks. This observation constitutes a clear piece of evidence for the development of partonic collectivity in heavy-ion collisions at the top RHIC energy. Number of constituent quark scaling is found to hold within statistical uncertainty for both 0%-30% and 30%-80% collision centrality. There is an indication of the breakdown of previously observed mass ordering between ϕ and proton v2 at low transverse momentum in the 0%-30% centrality range, possibly indicating late hadronic interactions affecting the proton v2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni 752050, Odisha, India
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni 752050, Odisha, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Magdy
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni 752050, Odisha, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni 752050, Odisha, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Peterson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Upsal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang DM, Pan YX, Zhang Y, Li ZK, Wu LQ, Liu HW, Zhang GY, Wang XF, Ma ZY. Antisense expression of Gossypium hirsutum UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase in Arabidopsis leads to changes in cell wall components. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7409. [PMID: 26909959 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15017409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase (UDP-xylose synthase; UXS, EC 4.1.1.35) is an essential enzyme of the non-cellulosic polysaccharide biosynthetic pathway. In the present study, using transient expression of fluorescently labeled Gossypium hirsutum UXS (GhUXS3) protein in onion epidermal cells, we observed that this protein was distributed in the cytoplasm. The GhUXS3 cDNA of cotton was expressed in an antisense orientation in Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Homozygous plants showing down-regulation of UXS were analyzed with northern blots. Compared to the untransformed control, transgenic plant showed shorter roots, earlier blossom formation, and delayed senescence. Biochemical analysis indicated that levels of rhamnose, mannose, galactose, glucose, xylose, and cellulose were reduced in some of the down-regulated antisense plants. These results suggest that GhUXS3 regulates the conversion of non-cellulosic polysaccharides and modulates their composition in plant cell walls. We also discuss a possible cellular function for GhUXS in determining the quality of cotton fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D M Zhang
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Y X Pan
- North China University Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Y Zhang
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Z K Li
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - L Q Wu
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - H W Liu
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - G Y Zhang
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - X F Wang
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Z Y Ma
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Song YF, Luo Z, Zhang LH, Hogstrand C, Pan YX. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and disturbed calcium homeostasis are involved in copper-induced alteration in hepatic lipid metabolism in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Chemosphere 2016; 144:2443-2453. [PMID: 26615493 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Cu exposure on ER stress and Ca(2+) homeostasis, and explore the underlying mechanism of the ER stress and disturbed Ca(2+) homeostasis in the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. To this end, three experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, P. fulvidraco were exposed to three waterborne Cu concentrations for 56 days. Waterborne Cu exposure evoked ER stress and SREBP-1c activation and resulted in dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism in liver of P. fulvidraco in a time-dependent manner. In experiment 2, specific inhibitors 2-APB (IP3 receptor inhibitor) and dantrolene (RyR receptor inhibitor) were used to explore whether Ca(2+) release from ER was involved in the Cu-induced ER stress change. Dantrolene and 2-APB prevented Cu-induced intracellular Ca(2+) elevation, demonstrating that the release of Ca(2+) from the ER, mediated by both RyR and IP3R, contributed to dysregulation of lipid metabolism. In experiment 3, a chemical chaperone (PBA) was used to demonstrate whether Cu-induced alteration in lipid metabolism was suppressed through the attenuation of ER stress. PBA attenuated the Cu-induced elevation of mRNA expression of SREBP-1c, SCAP, ACC, FAS, GRP78/BiP, GRP94, CRT, eIF2α and XBP-1, and alleviated the Cu-induced downregulation of Insig-1. Based on these observations, these results reveal a link between ER stress and the change of lipid metabolism induced by Cu, which will help to understand the Cu-induced toxicity on cellular and molecular level, and provide some novel insights into the regulation of lipid metabolism in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; China and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; China and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Li-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; China and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; China and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wu K, Tan XY, Xu YH, Chen QL, Pan YX. JAK and STAT members of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and their roles in leptin affecting lipid metabolism. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 226:14-26. [PMID: 26704851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study clones and characterizes the full-length cDNA sequences of members in JAK-STAT pathway, explores their mRNA tissue expression and the biological role in leptin influencing lipid metabolism in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Full-length cDNA sequences of five JAKs and seven STAT members, including some splicing variants, were obtained from yellow catfish. Compared to mammals, more members of the JAKs and STATs family were found in yellow catfish, which provided evidence that the JAK and STAT family members had arisen by the whole genome duplications during vertebrate evolution. All of these members were widely expressed across the eleven tissues (liver, white muscle, spleen, brain, gill, mesenteric fat, anterior intestine, heart, mid-kidney, testis and ovary) but at the variable levels. Intraperitoneal injection in vivo and incubation in vitro of recombinant human leptin changed triglyceride content and mRNA expression of several JAKs and STATs members, and genes involved in lipid metabolism. AG490, a specific inhibitor of JAK2-STAT pathway, partially reversed leptin-induced effects, indicating that the JAK2a/b-STAT3 pathway exerts main regulating actions of leptin on lipid metabolism at transcriptional level. Meanwhile, the different splicing variants were differentially regulated by leptin incubation. Thus, our data suggest that leptin activated the JAK/STAT pathway and increases the expression of target genes, which partially accounts for the leptin-induced changes in lipid metabolism in yellow catfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pan YX, Luo Z, Wu K, Zhang LH, Xu YH, Chen QL. Cloning, mRNA expression and transcriptional regulation of five retinoid X receptor subtypes in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco by insulin. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 225:133-141. [PMID: 26519760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily and mediate development, reproduction, homeostasis and cell differentiation processes in vertebrates. In this study, full-length cDNA sequences of five rxr subtypes from yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco were cloned. Their mRNA expression patterns in different tissues and transcriptional regulation by insulin were determined. Five P. fulvidraco rxr (Pf-rxr) subtypes differed in the length of cDNA sequence and the open reading frame, but shared the similar domain structures as in typical nuclear receptors. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the five Pf-rxr subtypes were paralogous genes, and that Pf-rxrβa and Pf-rxrβb had arisen during a teleost-specific genome duplication event. Five subtypes of Pf-rxr were detected in all the tested tissues. Overlapping and distinct expression patterns were found for different Pf-rxr subtypes, suggesting functional redundancy and divergence of these duplicates. Intraperitoneal insulin injection and incubation reduced the mRNA expression of Pf-rxrgb, but not other subtypes, in the liver and hepatocytes of P. fulvidraco, respectively, suggesting that Pf-rxrgb is the dominant rxr subtype involved in the insulin signaling pathway in P. fulvidraco.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi-Huan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pan YX, Luo Z, Zhuo MQ, Hu W, Wu K, Shi X, Xu YH. Liver X Receptor (LXR) in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: Molecular characterization, mRNA tissue expression and transcriptional regulation by insulin in vivo and in vitro. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 191:13-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
31
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cervantes MC, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad A, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang X, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li X, Li C, Li W, Li ZM, Li Y, Li X, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma YG, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, Meehan K, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov D, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov V, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peterson A, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma MK, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun X, Sun Z, Sun XM, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida N, Szelezniak MA, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik AN, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang G, Wang Y, Wang F, Wang Y, Wang H, Wang JS, Webb JC, Webb G, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xin K, Xu QH, Xu Z, Xu H, Xu N, Xu YF, Yang Q, Yang Y, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang C, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang XP, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Observation of Transverse Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations of Charged Pion Pairs in p^{↑}+p at sqrt[s]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:242501. [PMID: 26705627 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.242501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of transverse polarization-dependent azimuthal correlations in charged pion pair production with the STAR experiment in p^{↑}+p collisions at RHIC. These correlations directly probe quark transversity distributions. We measure signals in excess of 5 standard deviations at high transverse momenta, at high pseudorapidities η>0.5, and for pair masses around the mass of the ρ meson. This is the first direct transversity measurement in p+p collisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Li
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Magdy
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Peterson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A N Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Upsal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cervantes MC, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad A, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang HZ, Huang B, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Kosarzewski LK, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li W, Li Y, Li C, Li ZM, Li X, Li X, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Ma GL, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, Meehan K, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov V, Olvitt DL, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peterson A, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala S, Raniwala R, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma MK, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa BJ, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Z, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szelezniak MA, Tang Z, Tang AH, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik AN, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbaek F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang F, Wang Y, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang Y, Wang G, Webb G, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu YF, Xu N, Xu Z, Xu QH, Xu H, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yang C, Yang S, Yang Q, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang XP, Zhang JB, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang JL, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Azimuthal Anisotropy in U+U and Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:222301. [PMID: 26650297 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.222301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Collisions between prolate uranium nuclei are used to study how particle production and azimuthal anisotropies depend on initial geometry in heavy-ion collisions. We report the two- and four-particle cumulants, v_{2}{2} and v_{2}{4}, for charged hadrons from U+U collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=193 GeV and Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Nearly fully overlapping collisions are selected based on the energy deposited by spectators in zero degree calorimeters (ZDCs). Within this sample, the observed dependence of v_{2}{2} on multiplicity demonstrates that ZDC information combined with multiplicity can preferentially select different overlap configurations in U+U collisions. We also show that v_{2} vs multiplicity can be better described by models, such as gluon saturation or quark participant models, that eliminate the dependence of the multiplicity on the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | | | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - X Li
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - N Magdy
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Peterson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B J Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A N Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Upsal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbaek
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang C, Luo Z, Hogstrand C, Chen F, Shi X, Chen QL, Song YF, Pan YX. Effect and mechanism of waterborne prolonged Zn exposure influencing hepatic lipid metabolism in javelin gobySynechogobius hasta. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 36:886-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Fishery College; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Fishery College; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
- Department of Animal Sciences; Cornell University; Ithaca 14853 NY USA
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine; King's College London; Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street London SE1 9NH UK
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Fishery College; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Fishery College; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Fishery College; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Fishery College; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Fishery College; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 and Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cudd AB, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kosarzewski LK, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Precision Measurement of the Longitudinal Double-Spin Asymmetry for Inclusive Jet Production in Polarized Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:092002. [PMID: 26371644 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.092002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a new measurement of the midrapidity inclusive jet longitudinal double-spin asymmetry, A_{LL}, in polarized pp collisions at center-of-mass energy sqrt[s]=200 GeV. The STAR data place stringent constraints on polarized parton distribution functions extracted at next-to-leading order from global analyses of inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (DIS), semi-inclusive DIS, and RHIC pp data. The measured asymmetries provide evidence at the 3σ level for positive gluon polarization in the Bjorken-x region x>0.05.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Chwastowski
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A B Cudd
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - P R Pujahari
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich D-80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich D-80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo 05314-970, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhuo MQ, Luo Z, Pan YX, Wu K, Fan YF, Zhang LH, Song YF. Effects of insulin and its related signaling pathways on lipid metabolism in the yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 218:3083-90. [PMID: 26254320 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.124271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The influence of insulin on hepatic metabolism in fish is not well understood. The present study was therefore conducted to investigate the effects of insulin on lipid metabolism, and the related signaling pathways, in the yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Hepatic lipid and intracellular triglyceride (TG) content, the activity and expression levels of several enzymes and the mRNA expression of transcription factors (PPARα and PPARγ) involved in lipid metabolism were determined. Troglitazone, GW6471, fenofibrate and wortmannin were used to explore the signaling pathways by which insulin influences lipid metabolism. Insulin tended to increase hepatic lipid accumulation, the activity of lipogenic enzymes (6PGD, G6PD, ME, ICDH and FAS) and mRNA levels of FAS, G6PD, 6PGD, CPT IA and PPARγ, but down-regulated PPARα mRNA level. The insulin-induced effect could be stimulated by the specific PPARγ activator troglitazone or reversed by the PI3 kinase/Akt inhibitor wortmannin, demonstrating that signaling pathways of PPARγ and PI3 kinase/Akt were involved in the insulin-induced alteration of lipid metabolism. The specific PPARα pathway activator fenofibrate reduced insulin-induced TG accumulation, down-regulated the mRNA levels of FAS, G6PD and 6PGD, and up-regulated mRNA levels of CPT IA, PPARα and PPARγ. The specific PPARα pathway inhibitor GW6471 reduced insulin-induced changes in the expression of all the tested genes, indicating that PPARα mediated the insulin-induced changes of lipid metabolism. The present results contribute new knowledge on the regulatory role of insulin in hepatic metabolism in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Qin Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yao-Fang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Song YF, Luo Z, Pan YX, Zhang LH, Chen QL, Zheng JL. Three unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis-related genes in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: Molecular characterization, tissue expression and transcriptional regulation by leptin. Gene 2015; 563:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
37
|
Zheng JL, Luo Z, Zhu QL, Hu W, Zhuo MQ, Pan YX, Song YF, Chen QL. Different effect of dietborne and waterborne Zn exposure on lipid deposition and metabolism in juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Aquat Toxicol 2015; 159:90-98. [PMID: 25531431 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco were exposed to 0.04 or 0.35 mg l(-1) waterborne Zn, 27.25 or 213.84 mg kg(-1) dietary Zn, singly or in combination for 42 days. Growth and lipid metabolism in juvenile yellow catfish were investigated. Growth and survival were significantly inhibited by single waterborne Zn exposure but not by dietary Zn exposure. Dietary Zn addition reduced but waterborne Zn exposure increased hepatic lipid content. In contrast, muscle lipid content was reduced by waterborne Zn exposure but not by dietborne Zn exposure. The single exposure also affected several lipogenic enzymatic activities and expression of genes (in this article gene expression is taken synonymous to mRNA expression) related to lipogenesis and lipolysis. Pearson correlations among lipid content, enzymatic activities and mRNA expression levels were also observed, suggesting that changes at molecular and enzymatic levels may underlie the patterns of lipid metabolism and accordingly affect lipid deposition. For the first time, our study demonstrates the differential effect of different Zn exposure pathways on lipid metabolism at the molecular level in fish, indicating that the exposure route is critical to lipid deposition and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qing-Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mei-Qing Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zheng JL, Zhuo MQ, Luo Z, Pan YX, Song YF, Huang C, Zhu QL, Hu W, Chen QL. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: molecular characterization, mRNA expression and transcriptional regulation by insulin in vivo and in vitro. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 212:51-62. [PMID: 25637673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is ligand-inducible transcription factor and has important roles in lipid metabolism, cell proliferation and inflammation. In the present study, yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco PPARγ cDNA was isolated from liver by RT-PCR and RACE, and its molecular characterization and transcriptional regulation by insulin in vivo and in vitro were determined. The generation of PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 was due to alternative promoter of PPARγ gene. PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 mRNA covered 2426 bp and 2537 bp, respectively, with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1584 bp encoding 527 amino acid residues. Yellow catfish PPARγ gene was organized in a manner similar to that of their mammalian homologs, implying a modular organization of the protein's domains. A comparison between the yellow catfish PPARγ amino acid sequence and the correspondent sequences of several other species revealed the identity of 55-76.2%. Two PPARγ transcripts (PPARγ1 and PPARγ2) mRNAs were expressed in a wide range of tissues, but the abundance of each PPARγ mRNA showed the tissue- and developmental stage-dependent expression patterns. Intraperitoneal injection of insulin in vivo significantly stimulated the mRNA expression of total PPARγ and PPARγ1, but not PPARγ2 in the liver of yellow catfish. In contrast, incubation of hepatocytes with insulin in vitro increased the mRNA levels of PPARγ1, PPARγ2 and total PPARγ. To our knowledge, for the first time, the present study provides evidence that PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 are differentially expressed with and among tissues during different developmental stages and also regulated by insulin both in vivo and in vitro, which serves to increase our understanding on PPARγ physiological function in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mei-Qin Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qing-Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Song YF, Wu K, Tan XY, Zhang LH, Zhuo MQ, Pan YX, Chen QL. Effects of recombinant human leptin administration on hepatic lipid metabolism in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: in vivo and in vitro studies. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 212:92-9. [PMID: 25644212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects and mechanism of leptin influencing lipid metabolism in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. To this end, hepatic lipid (in vivo experiment) and intracellular triglyceride (TG) (in vitro experiment) content, the activities and/or expression level of several enzymes (CPT-1, 6PGD, G6PD, FAS, ME and ICDH) as well as the mRNA expression of transcription factors (PPARα, PPARγ and SREBP-1) involved in lipid metabolism were determined. Using the primary hepatocytes of yellow catfish, specific inhibitors AG490 (JAK-STAT inhibitor) and wortmannin (IRS-PI3K inhibitor) were used to explore the signaling pathways of leptin effects on lipid metabolism. Intraperitoneal injection of recombinant human leptin (rt-hLEP) significantly reduced hepatic lipid content, activities of lipogenic enzymes (6PGD, G6PD, ME, ICDH and FAS) as well as mRNA levels of 6PGD, G6PD, FAS, PPARγ and SREBP-1 genes, but up-regulated activity and mRNA level of CPT-1 and PPARα. Using primary hepatocytes, rt-hLEP incubation also reduced intracellular TG content, mRNA levels of G6PD and PPARγ genes, but enhanced mRNA levels of PPARα, CPT-1 and SREBP-1. Leptin-induced effects could partially be reversed by specific inhibitors AG490, suggesting that JAK-STAT signaling pathways played important roles in the process of leptin-induced changes in lipid metabolism. Wortmannin significantly suppressed the decrease of TG content induced by leptin, reflecting that IRS-PI3K was involved in the leptin-mediate changes as well. To our knowledge, the present study provides, for the first time, evidence that rt-hLEP can increase lipolysis and reduce lipogenesis at the both enzymatic and molecular levels in fish with the combination of in vivo with in vitro studies, which serves to increase our understanding into the roles and mechanisms of leptin regulating lipid metabolism in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Li-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mei-Qin Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kosarzewski LK, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Page BS, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Simko M, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. ΛΛ Correlation function in Au+Au collisions at √[S(NN)]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:022301. [PMID: 25635541 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.022301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present ΛΛ correlation measurements in heavy-ion collisions for Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV using the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. The Lednický-Lyuboshitz analytical model has been used to fit the data to obtain a source size, a scattering length and an effective range. Implications of the measurement of the ΛΛ correlation function and interaction parameters for dihyperon searches are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb, HR-10002 Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb, HR-10002 Croatia
| | | | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Simko
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chen QL, Luo Z, Huang C, Zheng JL, Pan YX, Song YF, Hu W. Molecular cloning and tissue mRNA levels of 15 genes involved in lipid metabolism inSynechogobius hasta. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P. R. China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; P. R. China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P. R. China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; P. R. China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P. R. China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; P. R. China
| | - Jia-Lang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P. R. China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; P. R. China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P. R. China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; P. R. China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P. R. China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; P. R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P. R. China
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province; P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Observation of D0 meson nuclear modifications in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:142301. [PMID: 25325635 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of charmed-hadron (D(0)) production via the hadronic decay channel (D(0) → K(-) + π(+)) in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 200 GeV with the STAR experiment. The charm production cross section per nucleon-nucleon collision at midrapidity scales with the number of binary collisions, N(bin), from p+p to central Au+Au collisions. The D(0) meson yields in central Au + Au collisions are strongly suppressed compared to those in p+p scaled by N(bin), for transverse momenta p(T) > 3 GeV/c, demonstrating significant energy loss of charm quarks in the hot and dense medium. An enhancement at intermediate p(T) is also observed. Model calculations including strong charm-medium interactions and coalescence hadronization describe our measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Huang C, Chen QL, Luo Z, Shi X, Pan YX, Song YF, Zhuo MQ, Wu K. Time-dependent effects of waterborne copper exposure influencing hepatic lipid deposition and metabolism in javelin goby Synechogobius hasta and their mechanism. Aquat Toxicol 2014; 155:291-300. [PMID: 25087000 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the time-course of waterborne chronic copper (Cu) exposure effects influencing hepatic lipid deposition and metabolism in javelin goby Synechogobius hasta and their mechanisms. S. hasta were exposed to four waterborne Cu concentrations (2 (control), 18, 38 and 55 μg Cu/l) for 60 days. Sampling occurred on day 30 and day 60, respectively. Survival decreased and hepatic Cu content increased with increasing Cu levels. On day 30, Cu exposure increased hepatic lipid content, viscerosomatic index (VSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI), and activities of lipogenic enzymes (6PGD, G6PD, ME, ICDH and FAS) as well as the mRNA levels of 6PGD, G6PD, ME, FAS, ACCα, LPL, PPARγ and SREBP-1 in the liver. However, the mRNA levels of ATGL, HSL and PPARα declined following Cu exposure. On day 60, Cu exposure reduced hepatic lipid content, HSI, VSI, activities of G6PD, ME, ICDH and FAS, and the mRNA expression of 6PGD, G6PD, ME, FAS and SREBP-1, but increased mRNA expression of CPT 1, HSL and PPARα. The differential Pearson correlation between transcriptional changes of genes encoding transcription factors (PPARα, PPARγ and SREBP-1), and the activities and mRNA expression of enzymes involved in lipogenesis and lipolysis were observed on day 30 and day 60, respectively. Cu exposure for 30 days induced hepatic lipid accumulation by stimulating lipogenesis and inhibiting lipolysis. However, 60-day Cu exposure reduced hepatic lipid content by inhibiting lipogenesis and stimulating lipolysis. To our knowledge, for the first time, the present study provided experimental evidence that waterborne chronic Cu exposure differentially influenced genes involved in lipogenic and lipolytic metabolic pathway and the enzymes encoded in a duration-dependent manner in fish, and provided new insight into the relationship between metal toxicity and lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mei-Qin Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chen QL, Luo Z, Song YF, Wu K, Huang C, Pan YX, Zhu QL. Hormone-sensitive lipase in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: molecular characterization, mRNA tissue expression and transcriptional regulation by leptin in vivo and in vitro. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 206:130-8. [PMID: 25016050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl) plays a pivotal role in regulation of lipolysis in mammals, but information is very scarce about its gene structure and function in fish. In this study, two distinct hsl cDNAs, designated hsl1 and hsl2, were firstly isolated and characterized from yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The validated cDNAs encoding for hsl1 and hsl2 were 2739 and 2629bp in length, encoding peptides of 679 and 813 amino acid residues, respectively, and shared 57.7% amino acid identity. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that hsl1 and hsl2 derived from paralogous genes that might have arisen during a teleost-specific genome duplication event. Both hsl mRNAs were expressed in a wide range of tissues, but the abundance of each hsl mRNA showed the tissue- and developmental stage-dependent expression patterns. Intraperitoneal injection in vivo and incubation in vitro of recombinant human leptin (rb-hLEP) stimulated the mRNA expression of hsl2, but not hsl1, in the liver and hepatocytes of P. fulvidraco, respectively, suggesting that two hsl isoforms might serve different roles in lipid metabolism. To our knowledge, for the first time, the present study provides evidence that two hsl mRNAs are differentially expressed with and among tissues during different developmental stages and also differentially regulated by leptin both in vivo and in vitro, which serves to increase our understanding on hsl physiological function in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qing-Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Corliss R, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Grosnick D, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Hays-Wehle JP, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leight W, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Peterson A, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Plyku D, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandacz A, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Walker M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Beam energy dependence of moments of the net-charge multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:092301. [PMID: 25215979 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurements of the moments--mean (M), variance (σ(2)), skewness (S), and kurtosis (κ)--of the net-charge multiplicity distributions at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at seven energies, ranging from sqrt[sNN]=7.7 to 200 GeV, as a part of the Beam Energy Scan program at RHIC. The moments are related to the thermodynamic susceptibilities of net charge, and are sensitive to the location of the QCD critical point. We compare the products of the moments, σ(2)/M, Sσ, and κσ(2), with the expectations from Poisson and negative binomial distributions (NBDs). The Sσ values deviate from the Poisson baseline and are close to the NBD baseline, while the κσ(2) values tend to lie between the two. Within the present uncertainties, our data do not show nonmonotonic behavior as a function of collision energy. These measurements provide a valuable tool to extract the freeze-out parameters in heavy-ion collisions by comparing with theoretical models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Balewski
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Z Barnovska
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - R Corliss
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - O Hajkova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J P Hays-Wehle
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Korsch
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Leight
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - L M Lima
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M G Munhoz
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M K Mustafa
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Peterson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Plyku
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Sandacz
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - U G deSouza
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - M Walker
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kosarzewski LK, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Measurement of longitudinal spin asymmetries for weak boson production in polarized proton-proton collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:072301. [PMID: 25170701 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.072301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of single- and double-spin asymmetries for W^{±} and Z/γ^{*} boson production in longitudinally polarized p+p collisions at sqrt[s]=510 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The asymmetries for W^{±} were measured as a function of the decay lepton pseudorapidity, which provides a theoretically clean probe of the proton's polarized quark distributions at the scale of the W mass. The results are compared to theoretical predictions, constrained by polarized deep inelastic scattering measurements, and show a preference for a sizable, positive up antiquark polarization in the range 0.05<x<0.2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Balewski
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Chwastowski
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-155, Poland
| | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-155, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - P R Pujahari
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo 13131, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Beam-energy dependence of charge separation along the magnetic field in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:052302. [PMID: 25126911 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.052302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Local parity-odd domains are theorized to form inside a quark-gluon plasma which has been produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The local parity-odd domains manifest themselves as charge separation along the magnetic field axis via the chiral magnetic effect. The experimental observation of charge separation has previously been reported for heavy-ion collisions at the top RHIC energies. In this Letter, we present the results of the beam-energy dependence of the charge correlations in Au+Au collisions at midrapidity for center-of-mass energies of 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, and 62.4 GeV from the STAR experiment. After background subtraction, the signal gradually reduces with decreased beam energy and tends to vanish by 7.7 GeV. This implies the dominance of hadronic interactions over partonic ones at lower collision energies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Chwastowski
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-155, Poland
| | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-155, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - P R Pujahari
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo 13131, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Song YF, Luo Z, Pan YX, Liu X, Huang C, Chen QL. Effects of copper and cadmium on lipogenic metabolism and metal element composition in the javelin goby (Synechogobius hasta) after single and combined exposure. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2014; 67:167-180. [PMID: 24595737 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-014-0011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to determine the effects of single and combined exposure of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) on lipogenic metabolism and metal element composition of javelin goby Synechogobius hasta. Two hundred and forty uniform-sized S. hasta (initial mean weight 20.3 ± 0.3 g [mean ± SEM throughout]; initial body length 15.2 ± 0.2 cm) were randomly assigned to 12 fiberglass tanks (water volume 300 l) with 20 fish/tank. The fish were exposed to four treatments with different Cu and Cd concentration for 30 days, respectively: (1) control (without extra Cu and Cd addition), (2) Cu (nominal concentrations of 77 μg/l), (3) Cd (79 μg/l), and (4) Cu + Cd (Cu/Cd coexposure). Growth decreased, but hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, and lipid content increased after metal exposure. Staining with Oil Red O and haematoxylin and eosin showed extensive alterations in liver of metals-exposed fish. Metal exposure influenced the accumulation of metal elements (Cu, Cd, iron, zinc, and manganese) in several tissues (muscle, gill, intestine, liver, and spleen) and increased hepatic 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and fatty acid synthase activities. The results of the present study indicated that the changes in lipogenic metabolism and metal element compositions of fish under Cu and Cd coexposure could not be explained by synergism of the addition of the effects observed in singly Cu- or Cd-exposed fish. To our knowledge the present study, for the first time, investigated the effects of Cu and Cd coexposure on hepatic lipogenic metabolism and metal element compositions in a wide range of tissues and organs in fish, which provided new evidence for Cu and Cd interactions in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Grosnick D, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Plyku D, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandacz A, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Dielectron mass spectra from Au+Au collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:022301. [PMID: 25062167 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.022301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the STAR measurements of dielectron (e(+)e(-)) production at midrapidity (|y(ee)|<1) in Au+Au collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV. The measurements are evaluated in different invariant mass regions with a focus on 0.30-0.76 (ρ-like), 0.76-0.80 (ω-like), and 0.98-1.05 (ϕ-like) GeV/c(2). The spectrum in the ω-like and ϕ-like regions can be well described by the hadronic cocktail simulation. In the ρ-like region, however, the vacuum ρ spectral function cannot describe the shape of the dielectron excess. In this range, an enhancement of 1.77±0.11(stat)±0.24(syst)±0.33(cocktail) is determined with respect to the hadronic cocktail simulation that excludes the ρ meson. The excess yield in the ρ-like region increases with the number of collision participants faster than the ω and ϕ yields. Theoretical models with broadened ρ contributions through interactions with constituents in the hot QCD medium provide a consistent description of the dilepton mass spectra for the measurement presented here and the earlier data at the Super Proton Synchrotron energies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Z Barnovska
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - O Hajkova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Korsch
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - L M Lima
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M G Munhoz
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Plyku
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - P R Pujahari
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Sandacz
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - U G deSouza
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | | | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China and Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Levine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Beam-energy dependence of the directed flow of protons, antiprotons, and pions in Au+Au collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:162301. [PMID: 24815640 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Rapidity-odd directed flow (v1) measurements for charged pions, protons, and antiprotons near midrapidity (y=0) are reported in sNN=7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV Au+Au collisions as recorded by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. At intermediate impact parameters, the proton and net-proton slope parameter dv1/dy|y=0 shows a minimum between 11.5 and 19.6 GeV. In addition, the net-proton dv1/dy|y=0 changes sign twice between 7.7 and 39 GeV. The proton and net-proton results qualitatively resemble predictions of a hydrodynamic model with a first-order phase transition from hadronic matter to deconfined matter, and differ from hadronic transport calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J Levine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| |
Collapse
|