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Rivera CE, Zhou Y, Chupp DP, Yan H, Fisher AD, Simon R, Zan H, Xu Z, Casali P. Intrinsic B cell TLR-BCR linked coengagement induces class-switched, hypermutated, neutralizing antibody responses in absence of T cells. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eade8928. [PMID: 37115935 PMCID: PMC10146914 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade8928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Maturation of antibody responses entails somatic hypermutation (SHM), class-switch DNA recombination (CSR), plasma cell differentiation, and generation of memory B cells, and it is thought to require T cell help. We showed that B cell Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-B cell receptor (BCR) (receptor for antigen) coengagement by 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl (NP)-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Escherichia coli lipid A polysaccharide O-antigen) or TLR5-BCR coengagement by Salmonella flagellin induces mature antibody responses to NP and flagellin in Tcrβ-/-Tcrδ-/- and NSG/B mice. TLR-BCR coengagement required linkage of TLR and BCR ligands, "linked coengagement." This induced B cell CSR/SHM, germinal center-like differentiation, clonal expansion, intraconal diversification, plasma cell differentiation, and an anamnestic antibody response. In Tcrβ-/-Tcrδ-/- mice, linked coengagement of TLR4-BCR by LPS or TLR5-BCR by flagellin induced protective antibodies against E. coli or Salmonella Typhimurium. Our findings unveiled a critical role of B cell TLRs in inducing neutralizing antibody responses, including those to microbial pathogens, without T cell help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E. Rivera
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Yulai Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Daniel P. Chupp
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Amanda D. Fisher
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Raphael Simon
- Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hong Zan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Zhenming Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Paolo Casali
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Ratanatharathorn A, Chibnik LB, Koenen KC, Weisskopf MG, Roberts AL. Association of maternal polygenic risk scores for mental illness with perinatal risk factors for offspring mental illness. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabn3740. [PMID: 36516246 PMCID: PMC9750139 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn3740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We examined whether genetic risk for mental illness is associated with known perinatal risk factors for offspring mental illness to determine whether gene-environmental correlation might account for the associations of perinatal factors with mental illness. Among 8983 women with 19,733 pregnancies, we found that genetic risk for mental illness was associated with any smoking during pregnancy [attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and overall genetic risk], breast-feeding for less than 1 month (ADHD, depression, and overall genetic risk), experience of intimate partner violence in the year before the birth (depression and overall genetic risk), and pregestational overweight or obesity (bipolar disorder). These results indicate that genetic risk may partly account for the association between perinatal conditions and mental illness in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Ratanatharathorn
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lori B. Chibnik
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Karestan C. Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Marc G. Weisskopf
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrea L. Roberts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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3
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Sharma J, Collins TD, Roach T, Mishra S, Lam BK, Mohamed ZS, Veal AE, Polk TB, Jones A, Cornaby C, Haider MI, Zeumer-Spataro L, Johnson HM, Morel LM, Larkin J. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 mimetic peptides attenuate lymphocyte activation in the MRL/lpr mouse autoimmune model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6354. [PMID: 33737712 PMCID: PMC7973732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are driven largely by a pathogenic cytokine milieu produced by aberrantly activated lymphocytes. Many cytokines, including interferon gamma (IFN-γ), utilize the JAK/STAT pathway for signal propagation. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-1 (SOCS1) is an inducible, intracellular protein that regulates IFN-γ signaling by dampening JAK/STAT signaling. Using Fas deficient, MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J (MRL/lpr) mice, which develop lupus-like disease spontaneously, we tested the hypothesis that a peptide mimic of the SOCS1 kinase inhibitory region (SOCS1-KIR) would inhibit lymphocyte activation and modulate lupus-associated pathologies. Consistent with in vitro studies, SOCS1-KIR intraperitoneal administration reduced the frequency, activation, and cytokine production of memory CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes within the peripheral blood, spleen, and lymph nodes. In addition, SOCS1-KIR administration reduced lymphadenopathy, severity of skin lesions, autoantibody production, and modestly reduced kidney pathology. On a cellular level, peritoneal SOCS1-KIR administration enhanced Foxp3 expression in total splenic and follicular regulatory T cells, reduced the effector memory/naïve T lymphocyte ratio for both CD4+ and CD8+ cells, and reduced the frequency of GL7+ germinal center enriched B cells. Together, these data show that SOCS1-KIR treatment reduced auto-reactive lymphocyte effector functions and suggest that therapeutic targeting of the SOCS1 pathway through peptide administration may have efficacy in mitigating autoimmune pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Sharma
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Teresa D Collins
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Tracoyia Roach
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Shiwangi Mishra
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Brandon K Lam
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Zaynab Sidi Mohamed
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Antia E Veal
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Timothy B Polk
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Amari Jones
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Caleb Cornaby
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mohammed I Haider
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Leilani Zeumer-Spataro
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Howard M Johnson
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Laurence M Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Joseph Larkin
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Museum Road Building 981, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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4
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Raj P, Song R, Zhu H, Riediger L, Jun DJ, Liang C, Arana C, Zhang B, Gao Y, Wakeland BE, Dozmorov I, Zhou J, Kelly JA, Lauwerys BR, Guthridge JM, Olsen NJ, Nath SK, Pasare C, van Oers N, Gilkeson G, Tsao BP, Gaffney PM, Gregersen PK, James JA, Zuo X, Karp DR, Li QZ, Wakeland EK. Deep sequencing reveals a DAP1 regulatory haplotype that potentiates autoimmunity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Genome Biol 2020; 21:281. [PMID: 33213505 PMCID: PMC7677828 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02184-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease characterized by the development of anti-nuclear antibodies. Susceptibility to SLE is multifactorial, with a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors contributing to disease development. Like other polygenic diseases, a significant proportion of estimated SLE heritability is not accounted for by common disease alleles analyzed by SNP array-based GWASs. Death-associated protein 1 (DAP1) was implicated as a candidate gene in a previous familial linkage study of SLE and rheumatoid arthritis, but the association has not been explored further. RESULTS We perform deep sequencing across the DAP1 genomic segment in 2032 SLE patients, and healthy controls, and discover a low-frequency functional haplotype strongly associated with SLE risk in multiple ethnicities. We find multiple cis-eQTLs embedded in a risk haplotype that progressively downregulates DAP1 transcription in immune cells. Decreased DAP1 transcription results in reduced DAP1 protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, monocytes, and lymphoblastoid cell lines, leading to enhanced autophagic flux in immune cells expressing the DAP1 risk haplotype. Patients with DAP1 risk allele exhibit significantly higher autoantibody titers and altered expression of the immune system, autophagy, and apoptosis pathway transcripts, indicating that the DAP1 risk allele mediates enhanced autophagy, leading to the survival of autoreactive lymphocytes and increased autoantibody. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate how targeted sequencing captures low-frequency functional risk alleles that are missed by SNP array-based studies. SLE patients with the DAP1 genotype have distinct autoantibody and transcription profiles, supporting the dissection of SLE heterogeneity by genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Ran Song
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Honglin Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Linley Riediger
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Dong-Jae Jun
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Chaoying Liang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Carlos Arana
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yajing Gao
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Benjamin E Wakeland
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Igor Dozmorov
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jinchun Zhou
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jennifer A Kelly
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Bernard R Lauwerys
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Joel M Guthridge
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Nancy J Olsen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State Medical School, State College, PA, USA
| | - Swapan K Nath
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Chandrashekhar Pasare
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Nicolai van Oers
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Gary Gilkeson
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Patrick M Gaffney
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | | | - Judith A James
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Zuo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - David R Karp
- Rheumatic Diseases Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Edward K Wakeland
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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5
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Banga J, Srinivasan D, Sun CC, Thompson CD, Milletti F, Huang KS, Hamilton S, Song S, Hoffman AF, Qin YG, Matta B, LaPan M, Guo Q, Lu G, Li D, Qian H, Bolin DR, Liang L, Wartchow C, Qiu J, Downing M, Narula S, Fotouhi N, DeMartino JA, Tan SL, Chen G, Barnes BJ. Inhibition of IRF5 cellular activity with cell-penetrating peptides that target homodimerization. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaay1057. [PMID: 32440537 PMCID: PMC7228753 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) plays essential roles in pathogen-induced immunity downstream of Toll-, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-, and retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors and is an autoimmune susceptibility gene. Normally, inactive in the cytoplasm, upon stimulation, IRF5 undergoes posttranslational modification(s), homodimerization, and nuclear translocation, where dimers mediate proinflammatory gene transcription. Here, we report the rational design of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) that disrupt IRF5 homodimerization. Biochemical and imaging analysis shows that IRF5-CPPs are cell permeable, noncytotoxic, and directly bind to endogenous IRF5. IRF5-CPPs were selective and afforded cell type- and species-specific inhibition. In plasmacytoid dendritic cells, inhibition of IRF5-mediated interferon-α production corresponded to a dose-dependent reduction in nuclear phosphorylated IRF5 [p(Ser462)IRF5], with no effect on pIRF5 levels. These data support that IRF5-CPPs function downstream of phosphorylation. Together, data support the utility of IRF5-CPPs as novel tools to probe IRF5 activation and function in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Banga
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | | | - Chia-Chi Sun
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Cherrie D. Thompson
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Francesca Milletti
- Roche Innovation Center New York, 430 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kuo-Sen Huang
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Shannon Hamilton
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Su Song
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Ann F. Hoffman
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Yajuan Gu Qin
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Bharati Matta
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Margaret LaPan
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Qin Guo
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Gang Lu
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Dan Li
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Hong Qian
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - David R. Bolin
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Lena Liang
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Charles Wartchow
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Jin Qiu
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Michelle Downing
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Satwant Narula
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Nader Fotouhi
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Julie A. DeMartino
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Seng-Lai Tan
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Gang Chen
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
- Corresponding author. (B.J.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Betsy J. Barnes
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
- Corresponding author. (B.J.B.); (G.C.)
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6
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Mackay M, Oswald M, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Lichauco J, Aranow C, Kotkin S, Korsunsky I, Gregersen PK, Diamond B. Molecular signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus: distinction between disease flare and infection. Lupus Sci Med 2016; 3:e000159. [PMID: 27933197 PMCID: PMC5133406 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2016-000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meggan Mackay
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Michaela Oswald
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Cynthia Aranow
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Sean Kotkin
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Ilya Korsunsky
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Betty Diamond
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
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7
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Stearns NA, Zhou S, Petri M, Binder SR, Pisetsky DS. The Use of Poly-L-Lysine as a Capture Agent to Enhance the Detection of Antinuclear Antibodies by ELISA. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161818. [PMID: 27611194 PMCID: PMC5017613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibodies to nuclear antigens (antinuclear antibodies or ANAs) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These antibodies bind diverse nuclear antigens that include DNA, histones and non-histone proteins as well as complexes of proteins with DNA and RNA. Because of the frequency of ANA expression in SLE, testing is an important component of clinical evaluation as well as determination of eligibility for clinical trials or utilization of certain therapies. Immunofluorescence assays have been commonly used for this purpose although this approach can be limited by issues of throughput, variability and difficulty in determining positivity. ELISA and multiplex assays are also useful approaches although these assays may give an incomplete picture of antibodies present. To develop a sensitive and quantitative ANA assay, we have explored an ELISA platform in which plates are pre-coated with a positively charged nucleic acid binding polymer (NABP) to increase adherence of antigens containing DNA or RNA. As a source of antigens, we have used supernatants of Jurkat cells undergoing apoptosis in vitro. As results presented show, a poly-L-lysine (PLL) pre-coat significantly enhances detection of antibodies to DNA as well as antigens such as histones, SSA, SSB and RNP. Comparison of the ELISA assay with the PLL pre-coat with a multiplex assay using the BioPlex® 2200 system indicated good agreement in results for a panel of lupus sera. Together, these studies indicate that a pre-coat with a positively charged polymer can increase the sensitivity of an ANA ELISA using as antigens molecules released from dead and dying cells. This assay platform may facilitate ANA testing by providing an ensemble of antigens more similar in composition and structure with antigens present in vivo, with a NABP promoting adherence via charge-charge interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A. Stearns
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Shuxia Zhou
- Bio-Rad Laboratories Clinical Diagnostic Group, 400 Alfred Nobel Drive, Hercules, California, United States of America
| | - Michelle Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 7500, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Steven R. Binder
- Bio-Rad Laboratories Clinical Diagnostic Group, 400 Alfred Nobel Drive, Hercules, California, United States of America
| | - David S. Pisetsky
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Medical Research Service, VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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8
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Singh N, Johnstone DB, Martin KA, Tempera I, Kaplan MJ, Denny MF. Alterations in nuclear structure promote lupus autoimmunity in a mouse model. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:885-97. [PMID: 27483354 PMCID: PMC5007980 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.024851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the development of autoantibodies that recognize components of the cell nucleus. The vast majority of lupus research has focused on either the contributions of immune cell dysfunction or the genetics of the disease. Because granulocytes isolated from human SLE patients had alterations in neutrophil nuclear morphology that resembled the Pelger-Huet anomaly, and had prominent mis-splicing of mRNA encoding the nuclear membrane protein lamin B receptor (LBR), consistent with their Pelger-Huet-like nuclear morphology, we used a novel mouse model system to test the hypothesis that a disruption in the structure of the nucleus itself also contributes to the development of lupus autoimmunity. The lupus-prone mouse strain New Zealand White (NZW) was crossed with c57Bl/6 mice harboring a heterozygous autosomal dominant mutation in Lbr (B6.Lbr(ic/+)), and the (NZW×B6.Lbr(ic))F1 offspring were evaluated for induction of lupus autoimmunity. Only female (NZW×B6.Lbr(ic))F1 mice developed lupus autoimmunity, which included splenomegaly, kidney damage and autoantibodies. Kidney damage was accompanied by immune complex deposition, and perivascular and tubule infiltration of mononuclear cells. The titers of anti-chromatin antibodies exceeded those of aged female MRL-Fas(lpr) mice, and were predominantly of the IgG2 subclasses. The anti-nuclear antibody staining profile of female (NZW×B6.Lbr(ic))F1 sera was complex, and consisted of an anti-nuclear membrane reactivity that colocalized with the A-type lamina, in combination with a homogeneous pattern that was related to the recognition of histones with covalent modifications that are associated with gene activation. An anti-neutrophil IgM recognizing calreticulin, but not myeloperoxidase (MPO) or proteinase 3 (PR3), was also identified. Thus, alterations in nuclear structure contribute to lupus autoimmunity when expressed in the context of a lupus-prone genetic background, suggesting a mechanism for the development of lupus autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals that is induced by the disruption of nuclear architecture.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoantibodies/blood
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Autoantigens/blood
- Autoantigens/immunology
- Autoimmunity
- Calreticulin/metabolism
- Cell Nucleus/pathology
- Cell Separation
- Crosses, Genetic
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Granulocytes/metabolism
- Granulocytes/pathology
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin M/immunology
- Kidney/pathology
- Lamin Type A/metabolism
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myeloblastin/metabolism
- Peroxidase/metabolism
- RNA Splicing/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Splenomegaly/pathology
- Transcriptional Activation
- Lamin B Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Duncan B Johnstone
- Section of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kayla A Martin
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Italo Tempera
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael F Denny
- Section of Rheumatology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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9
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Wu YY, Kumar R, Iida R, Bagavant H, Alarcón-Riquelme ME. BANK1 Regulates IgG Production in a Lupus Model by Controlling TLR7-Dependent STAT1 Activation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156302. [PMID: 27228057 PMCID: PMC4882053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of the adaptor Bank1 in TLR7 signaling using the B6.Sle1.yaa mouse, a lupus model that develops disease through exacerbated TLR7 expression. Crosses of B6.Sle1.yaa with Bank1-/- mice maintained several B and myeloid cell phenotypes close to normal wild-type levels. Most striking was the reduction in total serum IgG antibodies, but not of IgM, and reduced serum levels of autoantibodies, IL-6, and BAFF. Bank1 deficiency did modify numbers of MZ B cells and total B cell numbers, as well as expression of CXCR4 by follicular helper T cells. Other T cell changes were not observed. Bank1 deficiency did not modify numbers of germinal center B cells or plasma cells or clinical disease outcomes. Purified B cells from Bank1 deficient mice had strongly reduced Ifnb, Ifna4, Irf7, Aicda and Stat1 gene expression following TLR7 agonist stimulation. Interestingly, phosphorylation of Tyr701, but not of Ser727 of STAT1, was impaired in splenic B cells from B6.Sle1.yaa.Bank1-/- mice, as was the nuclear translocation of IRF7 in response to TLR7 agonist stimulation. Further, Bank1 deficiency in B6.Sle1.yaa mice reduced the production of IgG2c after in vitro TLR7 agonist stimulation. Our results demonstrate that Bank1 controls TLR7-mediated type I interferon production. Combined with the control of the nuclear translocation of IRF7, the modulation of STAT1 transcription and phosphorylation, Bank1 contributes to IgG production during development of autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yu Wu
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States of America
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States of America
| | - Ryuji Iida
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States of America
| | - Harini Bagavant
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States of America
| | - Marta E. Alarcón-Riquelme
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States of America
- Department of Medical Genomics, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), 18016, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
- * E-mail: ; ;
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10
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Raj P, Rai E, Song R, Khan S, Wakeland BE, Viswanathan K, Arana C, Liang C, Zhang B, Dozmorov I, Carr-Johnson F, Mitrovic M, Wiley GB, Kelly JA, Lauwerys BR, Olsen NJ, Cotsapas C, Garcia CK, Wise CA, Harley JB, Nath SK, James JA, Jacob CO, Tsao BP, Pasare C, Karp DR, Li QZ, Gaffney PM, Wakeland EK. Regulatory polymorphisms modulate the expression of HLA class II molecules and promote autoimmunity. eLife 2016; 5:e12089. [PMID: 26880555 PMCID: PMC4811771 DOI: 10.7554/elife.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted sequencing of sixteen SLE risk loci among 1349 Caucasian cases and controls produced a comprehensive dataset of the variations causing susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Two independent disease association signals in the HLA-D region identified two regulatory regions containing 3562 polymorphisms that modified thirty-seven transcription factor binding sites. These extensive functional variations are a new and potent facet of HLA polymorphism. Variations modifying the consensus binding motifs of IRF4 and CTCF in the XL9 regulatory complex modified the transcription of HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 in a chromosome-specific manner, resulting in a 2.5-fold increase in the surface expression of HLA-DR and DQ molecules on dendritic cells with SLE risk genotypes, which increases to over 4-fold after stimulation. Similar analyses of fifteen other SLE risk loci identified 1206 functional variants tightly linked with disease-associated SNPs and demonstrated that common disease alleles contain multiple causal variants modulating multiple immune system genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ekta Rai
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Ran Song
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Shaheen Khan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Benjamin E Wakeland
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Kasthuribai Viswanathan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Carlos Arana
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Chaoying Liang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Igor Dozmorov
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ferdicia Carr-Johnson
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Mitja Mitrovic
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Graham B Wiley
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Jennifer A Kelly
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Bernard R Lauwerys
- Pole de pathologies rhumatismales, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Nancy J Olsen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State Medical School, Hershey, United States
| | - Chris Cotsapas
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Christine K Garcia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Carol A Wise
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
- Sarah M. and Charles E. Seay Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - John B Harley
- Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Swapan K Nath
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Judith A James
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Chaim O Jacob
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Chandrashekhar Pasare
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - David R Karp
- Rheumatic Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Quan Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Patrick M Gaffney
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Edward K Wakeland
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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