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Ye Y, Tang S, Tai Y, Zhao C, Tang C, Huang Z, Gao J. The transcriptomic profile shows the protective effects of celecoxib on cirrhotic splenomegaly. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024; 46:117-127. [PMID: 38047472 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2281282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Splenomegaly can exacerbate liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. We have previously demonstrated that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor can attenuate cirrhotic splenomegaly. However, the mechanism of cirrhotic splenomegaly remains unclear, thus becoming the focus of the present study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thioacetamide (TAA) intraperitoneal injection was used to induce cirrhotic splenomegaly. Rats were randomized into the control, TAA and TAA + celecoxib groups. Histological analysis and high-throughput RNA sequencing of the spleen were conducted. Splenic collagen III, α-SMA, Ki-67, and VEGF were quantified. RESULTS A total of 1461 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the spleens of the TAA group compared to the control group. The immune response and immune cell activation might be the major signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of cirrhotic splenomegaly. With its immunoregulatory effect, celecoxib presents to ameliorate cirrhotic splenomegaly and liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, 304 coexisting DEGs were obtained between TAA vs. control and TAA + celecoxib vs. TAA. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG analyses collectively indicated that celecoxib may attenuate cirrhotic splenomegaly through the suppression of splenic immune cell proliferation, inflammation, immune regulation, and fibrogenesis. The impacts on these factors were subsequently validated by the decreased splenic Ki-67-positive cells, macrophages, fibrotic areas, and mRNA levels of collagen III and α-SMA. CONCLUSIONS Celecoxib attenuates cirrhotic splenomegaly by inhibiting splenic immune cell proliferation, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. The current study sheds light on the therapeutic strategy of liver cirrhosis by targeting splenic abnormalities and provides COX-2 inhibitors as a novel medical treatment for cirrhotic splenomegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Ye
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shihang Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Tai
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengwei Tang
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhang Gao
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Chen ZW, Wang SX, Li F. [Pathogenesis and Targeted Treatment Progress of Splenomegaly in Primary Myelofibrosis--Review]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2024; 32:308-312. [PMID: 38387940 DOI: 10.19746/j.cnki.issn.1009-2137.2024.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm with splenomegaly as the major clinical manifestation, which is commonly considered to be linked to splenic extramedullary hematopoiesis. Alteration of CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway can lead to the migration of hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells from bone marrow to spleen which results in splenic extramedullary hematopoiesis. In addition, low GATA1 expression and the abnormal secretion of cytokines were found to be significantly associated with splenomegaly. With the application of JAK1/2 inhibitors in clinical, the symptoms of splenomegaly have been significantly improved in PMF patients. This article will review the pathogenesis and targeted treatment progress of splenomegaly in PMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Chen
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Institute of Hematology, Academy of Clinical Medicine of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Institute of Lymphoma of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shi-Xuan Wang
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fei Li
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Institute of Hematology, Academy of Clinical Medicine of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Institute of Lymphoma of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China. E-mail:
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Paskiewicz A, Niu J, Chang C. Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome: A disorder of immune dysregulation. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103442. [PMID: 37683818 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) is an autoimmune disease that has been reported in over 2200 patients. It is a rare, genetic disease where pathogenic variants occur in the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Various mutations in different genes, such as FAS, FASL, and CASP10, can result in ALPS. Most commonly, pathogenic variants occur in the FAS receptor. This malfunctioning pathway allows for the abnormal accumulation of lymphocytes, namely CD3 + TCRαβ+CD4 - CD8- (double negative (DN) T) cells, which are a hallmark of the disease. This disease usually presents in childhood with lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly as a result of lymphoproliferation. Over time, these patients may develop cytopenias or lymphomas because of irregularities in the immune system. Current treatments include glucocorticoids, mycophenolate mofetil, sirolimus, immunoglobulin G, and rituximab. These medications serve to manage the symptoms and there are no standardized recommendations for the management of ALPS. The only curative therapy is a bone marrow transplant, but this is rarely done because of the complications. This review serves to broaden the understanding of ALPS by discussing the mechanism of immune dysregulation, how the symptoms manifest, and the mechanisms of treatment. Additionally, we discuss the epidemiology, comorbidities, and medications relating to ALPS patients across the United States using data from Cosmos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Paskiewicz
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
| | - Jianli Niu
- Office of Human Research, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA.
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Pediatric Rheumatology, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA.
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4
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Jin XX, Han XL, Jia CW, Zhuang JL, Chen M. [The 502nd case: thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and spontaneous rupture of the spleen]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2023; 62:1249-1252. [PMID: 37766449 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20221114-00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A young man with a history of thrombocytopenia for seven years presented with splenomegaly and fever and rapidly evolved to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and hemorrhagic shock. Spontaneous rupture of the spleen was diagnosed. The critical patient underwent an emergency splenectomy. Pathological examination revealed splenic peliosis, an extremely rare disease with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. Despite the high mortality rate due to spontaneous splenic rupture with DIC, the patient was successfully treated and the details of the case are presented in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Jin
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X L Han
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C W Jia
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J L Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Chen
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Göcebe D, Jansakun C, Zhang Y, Staffer S, Tuma-Kellner S, Altamura S, Muckenthaler MU, Merle U, Herrmann T, Chamulitrat W. Myeloid-specific fatty acid transport protein 4 deficiency induces a sex-dimorphic susceptibility for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 324:G389-G403. [PMID: 36881564 PMCID: PMC10085558 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00181.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Newborns with FATP4 mutations exhibit ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (IPS), and adult patients show skin hyperkeratosis, allergies, and eosinophilia. We have previously shown that the polarization of macrophages is altered by FATP4 deficiency; however, the role of myeloid FATP4 in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is not known. We herein phenotyped myeloid-specific Fatp4-deficient (Fatp4M-/-) mice under chow and high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet. Bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from Fatp4M-/- mice showed significant reduction in cellular sphingolipids in males and females, and additionally phospholipids in females. BMDMs and Kupffer cells from Fatp4M-/- mice exhibited increased LPS-dependent activation of proinflammatory cytokines and transcription factors PPARγ, CEBPα, and p-FoxO1. Correspondingly, these mutants under chow diet displayed thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly, and elevated liver enzymes. After HFHC feeding, Fatp4M-/- mice showed increased MCP-1 expression in livers and subcutaneous fat. Plasma MCP-1, IL4, and IL13 levels were elevated in male and female mutants, and female mutants additionally showed elevation of IL5 and IL6. After HFHC feeding, male mutants showed an increase in hepatic steatosis and inflammation, whereas female mutants showed a greater severity in hepatic fibrosis associated with immune cell infiltration. Thus, myeloid-FATP4 deficiency led to steatotic and inflammatory NASH in males and females, respectively. Our work offers some implications for patients with FATP4 mutations and also highlights considerations in the design of sex-targeted therapies for NASH treatment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY FATP4 deficiency in BMDMs and Kupffer cells led to increased proinflammatory response. Fatp4M-/- mice displayed thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly, and elevated liver enzymes. In response to HFHC feeding, male mutants were prone to hepatic steatosis, whereas female mutants showed exaggerated fibrosis. Our study provides insights into a sex-dimorphic susceptibility to NASH by myeloid-FATP4 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Göcebe
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chutima Jansakun
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhonsrithammarat, Thailand
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Staffer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Tuma-Kellner
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandro Altamura
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Merle
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Song J, Li J, Luo Y, Lu Q. Can Location of Stiffness Measurement Impact Spleen 2-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography Measurement? Ultrasound Q 2022; 38:155-159. [PMID: 35348535 PMCID: PMC9172890 DOI: 10.1097/ruq.0000000000000602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ultrasound-based spleen elastography is a promising surrogate to predict portal hypertension noninvasively. In contrast to defined standards for liver stiffness measurement, the standardized examination procedures for 2-dimensional (2D) shear wave elastography spleen elastography have not been established yet. The aim was to investigate the impact of location of stiffness measurement on 2D shear wave elastography spleen stiffness measurement (SSM). Patients with splenomegaly were enrolled. Both B-mode ultrasound and elastography of spleen were performed. For SSM, 3 regions were chosen for spleen measurement: lower pole region, central region, and the region between lower pole and center. Mean SSM value, success rate, and reliability predicators (standard deviation, standard deviation/mean, size of region of interest) were assessed. A total of 124 patients were included. For mean SSM value, there were no significant differences among 3 regions. Spleen stiffness measurement success rate in lower pole region, central region, and the region between them was 63.7% (79), 91.1% (113), and 78.2% (97), respectively. The success rate in the central region was significantly higher than that in the other 2 regions (P < 0.05). Reliability in the central region was also highest among the 3 regions. Location of stiffness measurement has a limited effect on SSM. Changing location of measurement will not influence mean stiffness value in spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhen Song
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiawu Li
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Zhou T, He Y, Qin Y, Wang B, Zhang H, Ding S. Exposure to a combination of MWCNTs and DBP causes splenic toxicity in mice. Toxicology 2022; 465:153057. [PMID: 34864091 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The large conjugated π bond in the molecular structure of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) interacts with the benzene ring structure in di (n-butyl) phthalates (DBP) through a π - π bond. Compounds of CNTs and DBP form easily, becoming another environmental pollutant of concern. We explore whether CNTs entering animals slow down the degradation of the DBP adsorbed in the CNT cavity, thereby prolonging the "hormonal activity" of DBP. In our study, male BALb/c mice were used as experimental subjects divided into four groups: the control group; the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) exposure group (10mg/kg/d); the DBP exposure group (2.15 mg/kg/d); and the compound exposure group (MWCNTs + DBP). After 30 days of exposure, the mice were sacrificed and their spleens used for immunotoxicology study. The results showed that the exposure groups exhibited splenomegaly and suffered severe oxidative damage to the spleen. In the compound exposure group: levels of IgA and IgG in the serum of the mice changed, and were significantly different from levels in both the MWCNTs and DBP exposure groups (p <0.05); the pathological sections of the spleen showed that the boundary between the white pulp area (WP) and the red pulp area (RP) was blurred, that the cell arrangement was loose, and that more red blood cells were retained in the spleen. Proteomics mass spectrometry analysis showed that compared with the control group, 70 proteins were up-regulated and 27 proteins were down-regulated in the MWCNTs group, 36 proteins were up-regulated and 23 proteins were down-regulated in the DBP group, 87 proteins were up-regulated and 21 proteins were down-regulated in the compound exposure group. The results of GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed proteins showed that the compound exposure harmed the spleen antigen recognition, processing, and presentation, inhibited the activation and proliferation of B cells and T cells, and hindered the adaptive immune responses. Our results showed that MWCNTs and DBP compounds can damage the spleen, and impair the innate and adaptive immune functions of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Yueyan He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Yujie Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Hongmao Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
| | - Shumao Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
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Nava VE. Introduction to a Special Issue on Low-Grade B Cell Lymphoma in the Spleen. Curr Oncol 2021; 29:130-131. [PMID: 35049685 PMCID: PMC8774332 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant lymphoproliferative disorders in the spleen may be primary (usually designated as splenic lymphoma) or secondary (due to progression of nodal or extra nodal lymphoid neoplasms) and represent an underestimated cause of splenomegaly, partially due to the decreasing frequency of splenectomy in our era of personalized molecular medicine [...]
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor E. Nava
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Veterans Health Administration Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422, USA
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Otani Y, Ichii O, Masum MA, Namba T, Nakamura T, Kon Y. Castrated autoimmune glomerulonephritis mouse model shows attenuated glomerular sclerosis with altered parietal epithelial cell phenotype. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1318-1329. [PMID: 33641441 PMCID: PMC8371302 DOI: 10.1177/1535370221996010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex hormones help in maintaining proper immunity as well as renal homeostasis in mammals, and these multi-functional properties characterize the onset of sex-dependent diseases. To clarify the contribution of sex hormones to autoimmune disease-related renal pathogenesis, BXSB/MpJ-Yaa was investigated as a murine autoimmune glomerulonephritis model. BXSB/MpJ-Yaa and its wild-type, BXSB/MpJ-Yaa+ were castrated or sham-operated at three weeks and examined until six months of age. Both castrated strains showed significantly lower serum testosterone levels and body weights than sham-operated mice. Castration did not change the disease phenotypes in BXSB/MpJ-Yaa+. At three months, both sham-operated and castrated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa manifested splenomegaly, autoantibody production, and glomerulonephritis, and castrated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa tended to show heavier spleen weights than the sham-operated group. At six months, both the treated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa showed equivalent autoimmune disease conditions; however, castrated mice clearly showed milder glomerular sclerotic lesions than the sham-operated groups. Urinary albumin excretion in castrated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa was significantly milder than in sham-operated mice at four months, but those of both the treated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa were comparable at six months. The examined renal histopathological indices in parietal epithelial cells were remarkably altered by castration. Briefly, castration decreased the height of parietal epithelial cells and total parietal epithelial cell number in BXSB/MpJ-Yaa at six months. For immunostaining, parietal epithelial cells facing the injured glomeruli of BXSB/MpJ-Yaa expressed CD44, an activated parietal epithelial cell marker, and CD44-positive parietal epithelial cells showed nuclear localization of the androgen receptor and proliferation marker Ki67. CD44- or Ki67-positive parietal epithelial cells were significantly fewer in castrated group than in sham-operated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa at six months. Further, quantitative indices for CD44-positive parietal epithelial cell number and frequency in renal corpuscles positively correlated with glomerular sclerotic severity in BXSB/MpJ-Yaa. In conclusion, androgen seemed to have an effect on both systemic immunity and renal morpho-function; however, the effect on the latter could be more clearly observed in BXSB/MpJ-Yaa, as parietal epithelial cell activation resulted in glomerular sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Otani
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
- Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
| | - Md. Abdul Masum
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Takashi Namba
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Teppei Nakamura
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
- Department of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Hokkaido 066-0052, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kon
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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Yonezawa N, Murakami H, Demura S, Kato S, Miwa S, Yoshioka K, Shinmura K, Yokogawa N, Shimizu T, Oku N, Kitagawa R, Handa M, Annen R, Kurokawa Y, Fushimi K, Mizukoshi E, Tsuchiya H. Abscopal Effect of Frozen Autograft Reconstruction Combined with an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Analyzed Using a Metastatic Bone Tumor Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1973. [PMID: 33671258 PMCID: PMC7922593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the abscopal effect of re-implantation of liquid nitrogen-treated tumor-bearing bone grafts and the synergistic effect of anti-PD-1 (programmed death-1) therapy using a bone metastasis model, created by injecting MMT-060562 cells into the bilateral tibiae of 6-8-week-old female C3H mice. After 2 weeks, the lateral tumors were treated by excision, cryotreatment using liquid nitrogen, excision with anti-PD-1 treatment, and cryotreatment with anti-PD-1 treatment. Anti-mouse PD-1 4H2 was injected on days 1, 6, 12, and 18 post-treatment. The mice were euthanized after 3 weeks; the abscopal effect was evaluated by focusing on growth inhibition of the abscopal tumor. The re-implantation of frozen autografts significantly inhibited the growth of the remaining abscopal tumors. However, a more potent abscopal effect was observed in the anti-PD-1 antibody group. The number of CD8+ T cells infiltrating the abscopal tumor and tumor-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing spleen cells increased in the liquid nitrogen-treated group compared with those in the excision group, with no significant difference. The number was significantly higher in the anti-PD-1 antibody-treated group than in the non-treated group. Overall, re-implantation of tumor-bearing frozen autograft has an abscopal effect on abscopal tumor growth, although re-implantation of liquid nitrogen-treated bone grafts did not induce a strong T-cell response or tumor-suppressive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Yonezawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Hideki Murakami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan;
| | - Satoru Demura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Satoshi Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Shinji Miwa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Katsuhito Yoshioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8650, Japan;
| | - Kazuya Shinmura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Noriaki Yokogawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Takaki Shimizu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Norihiro Oku
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Ryo Kitagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Makoto Handa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Ryohei Annen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Yuki Kurokawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Kazumi Fushimi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan; (K.F.); (E.M.)
| | - Eishiro Mizukoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan; (K.F.); (E.M.)
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (N.Y.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (K.S.); (N.Y.); (T.S.); (N.O.); (R.K.); (M.H.); (R.A.); (Y.K.); (H.T.)
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Tanaka T, Hirooka M, Koizumi Y, Watanabe T, Yoshida O, Tokumoto Y, Nakamura Y, Sunago K, Yukimoto A, Abe M, Hiasa Y. Development of a method for measuring spleen stiffness by transient elastography using a new device and ultrasound-fusion method. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246315. [PMID: 33539456 PMCID: PMC7861355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the gold standard index for evaluating portal hypertension; however, measuring HVPG is invasive. Although transient elastography (TE) is the most common procedure for evaluating organ stiffness, accurate measurement of spleen stiffness (SS) is difficult. We developed a device to demonstrate the diagnostic precision of TE and suggest this technique as a valuable new method to measure SS. Methods Of 292 consecutive patients enrolled in this single-centre, translational, cross-sectional study from June through September in 2019, 200 underwent SS measurement (SSM) using an M probe (training set, n = 130; inspection set, n = 70). We performed TE with B-mode imaging using an ultrasound-fusion method, printed new devices with a three-dimensional printer, and attached the magnetic position sensor to the convex and M probes. We evaluated the diagnostic precision of TE to evaluate the risk of esophagogastric varices (EGVs). Results The median spleen volume was 245 mL (range, 64–1,720 mL), and it took 2 minutes to acquire a B-mode image using the ultrasound-fusion method. The median success rates of TE were 83.3% and 57.6% in patients with and without the new device, respectively (p<0.001); it was 76.9% and 35.0% in patients with and without splenomegaly (<100 mL), respectively (p<0.001). In the prediction of EGVs, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.921 and 0.858 in patients with and without the new device, respectively (p = 0.043). When the new device was attached, the positive and negative likelihood ratios were 3.44 and 0.11, respectively. The cut-off value of SSM was 46.0 kPa. Data that were similar between the validation and training sets were obtained. Conclusions The SS can be precisely measured using this new device with TE and ultrasound-fusion method. Similarly, we can estimate the bleeding risk due to EGV using this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yohei Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takao Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Osamu Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoshio Tokumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Koutarou Sunago
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yukimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
- * E-mail:
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12
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Henke O, Mapendo PJ, Mremi A, Mmbaga LG, Pallangyo AE, Harbaum T, Mkwizu E. Skin maculae, chronic diarrhea, cachexia, and splenomegaly-Late presentation of the first autochthonous case of visceral leishmaniasis in Tanzania. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0008925. [PMID: 33444339 PMCID: PMC7808674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A 20-year-old man from Simanjiro district in northern Tanzania presented with a 3-year history of splenomegaly, fatigue, cachexia, skin maculae, and recent onset of watery diarrhea at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) in Northern Tanzania. Due to laboratory findings of pancytopenia, diagnostic workup included bone marrow aspiration cytology and biopsy. Although the rapid test (IT LEISH, rK39 RDT) was negative, blood smear showed amastigote forms of leishmaniasis in macrophages. Repeat bone marrow aspiration and PCR eventually confirmed visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The patient denied travel to known endemic areas of VL. Treatment was initiated with Amphotericin B, but the patient died on the fourth day of treatment from respiratory insufficiency. An autopsy revealed massive organ manifestations of VL. This is the first reported autochthonous case of VL in Tanzania. Clark and colleagues detected the vector Phlebotomus martini in Northern Tanzania in 2013, in a region bordering the district of our patient. The negative rapid test draws attention to the fact that sensitivity and specificity were found to be low in East African VL patients as displayed earlier by a Kenyan study. Therefore, tissue samples (spleen or bone marrow) remain necessary for diagnosis. The variety of symptoms in this presented case was remarkable, including the occurrence of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) and VL at the same time. This has been described in East African VL cases before as well as the occurrence of chronic diarrhea. An elongated undiagnosed period likely led to a mixed clinical picture that included hepato-splenomegaly, PKDL, cachexia, and diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Henke
- Cancer Care Centre, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
- * E-mail:
| | - Priscus John Mapendo
- Cancer Care Centre, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Alex Mremi
- Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Lilian Gasper Mmbaga
- Cancer Care Centre, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Angela Elisha Pallangyo
- Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Thomas Harbaum
- Joint Medical Service of the German Armed Forces, Department of Public Health, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Elifuraha Mkwizu
- Cancer Care Centre, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
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13
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Ferencz B, Condac E, Poudel N, Munteanu MC, Sivasami P, Choudhury B, Naidu NN, Zhang F, Breshears M, Linhardt RJ, Hinsdale ME. Xylosyltransferase 2 deficiency and organ homeostasis. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:755-765. [PMID: 32965647 PMCID: PMC9248025 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we characterize the function of Xylosyltransferase 2 (XylT2) in different tissues to investigate the role XylT2 has in the proteoglycan (PG) biochemistry of multiple organs. The results show that in all organs examined there is a widespread and significant decrease in total XylT activity in Xylt2 knock out mice (Xylt2-/-). This decrease results in increased organ weight differences in lung, heart, and spleen. These findings, in addition to our previous findings of increased liver and kidney weight with loss of serum XylT activity, suggest systemic changes in organ function due to loss of XylT2 activity. The Xylt2-/- mice have splenomegaly due to enlargement of the red pulp area and enhanced pulmonary response to bacterial liposaccharide. Tissue glycosaminoglycan composition changes are also found. These results demonstrate a role of XylT2 activity in multiple organs and their PG content. Because the residual XylT activity in the Xylt2-/- is due to xylosyltransferase 1 (XylT1), these studies indicate that both XylT1 and XylT2 have important roles in PG biosynthesis and organ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Ferencz
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Eduard Condac
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Nabin Poudel
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | | | - Pulavendran Sivasami
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Biswa Choudhury
- Glycotechnology Core Lab, Cellular and Molecular Medicine East, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0687, USA
| | | | - Fuming Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180-3590, USA
| | - Melanie Breshears
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180-3590, USA
| | - Myron E Hinsdale
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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14
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Abdelhamid L, Cabana-Puig X, Mu Q, Moarefian M, Swartwout B, Eden K, Das P, Seguin RP, Xu L, Lowen S, Lavani M, Hrubec TC, Jones CN, Luo XM. Quaternary Ammonium Compound Disinfectants Reduce Lupus-Associated Splenomegaly by Targeting Neutrophil Migration and T-Cell Fate. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575179. [PMID: 33193366 PMCID: PMC7609861 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersensitivity reactions and immune dysregulation have been reported with the use of quaternary ammonium compound disinfectants (QACs). We hypothesized that QAC exposure would exacerbate autoimmunity associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus). Surprisingly, however, we found that compared to QAC-free mice, ambient exposure of lupus-prone mice to QACs led to smaller spleens with no change in circulating autoantibodies or the severity of glomerulonephritis. This suggests that QACs may have immunosuppressive effects on lupus. Using a microfluidic device, we showed that ambient exposure to QACs reduced directional migration of bone marrow-derived neutrophils toward an inflammatory chemoattractant ex vivo. Consistent with this, we found decreased infiltration of neutrophils into the spleen. While bone marrow-derived neutrophils appeared to exhibit a pro-inflammatory profile, upregulated expression of PD-L1 was observed on neutrophils that infiltrated the spleen, which in turn interacted with PD-1 on T cells and modulated their fate. Specifically, QAC exposure hindered activation of splenic T cells and increased apoptosis of effector T-cell populations. Collectively, these results suggest that ambient QAC exposure decreases lupus-associated splenomegaly likely through neutrophil-mediated toning of T-cell activation and/or apoptosis. However, our findings also indicate that even ambient exposure could alter immune cell phenotypes, functions, and their fate. Further investigations on how QACs affect immunity under steady-state conditions are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Abdelhamid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Xavier Cabana-Puig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Qinghui Mu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Maryam Moarefian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Brianna Swartwout
- Translational Biology, Medicine and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Kristin Eden
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Prerna Das
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Ryan P. Seguin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sarah Lowen
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Virginia Campus, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Mital Lavani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Virginia Campus, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Terry C. Hrubec
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Virginia Campus, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Caroline N. Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Xin M. Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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15
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Wu Y, Wang J, He Q, Yu L, Pham Q, Cheung L, Zhang Z, Kim YS, Smith AD, Wang TTY. Dietary Indole-3-Carbinol Alleviated Spleen Enlargement, Enhanced IgG Response in C3H/HeN Mice Infected with Citrobacter rodentium. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3148. [PMID: 33076301 PMCID: PMC7602481 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli are important enteric pathogens that induce hemorrhagic colitis or even fatal hemolytic uremic syndrome. Emerging evidence shows that some bio-actives derived from fruits and vegetables may serve as alternatives to antibiotics for overcoming multidrug resistant E. coli infections. In this study, the Citrobacter rodentium (Cr) infection model was utilized to mimic E. coli-induced acute intestinal inflammation, and the effects of a cruciferous vegetable-derived cancer protective compound, indole-3-carbinol (I3C), on the immune responses of Cr-susceptible C3H/HeN mice were investigated. Dietary I3C significantly inhibited the loss of body weight and the increase in spleen size in Cr infected mice. In addition, I3C treatment reduced the inflammatory response to Cr infection by maintaining anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-22 mRNA levels while reducing expression of other pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL17A, IL6, IL1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Moreover, the serum cytokine levels of IL17, TNF-α, IL12p70, and G-CSF also were down-regulated by I3C in Cr-infected mice. Additionally, dietary I3C specifically enhanced the Cr-specific IgG response to Cr infection. In general, dietary I3C reduced the Cr-induced pro-inflammatory response in susceptible C3H/HeN mice and alleviated the physiological changes and tissue damage induced by Cr infection but not Cr colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbei Wu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.W.); (J.W.)
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (L.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Qiang He
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Liangli Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (L.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Quynhchi Pham
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Lumei Cheung
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (L.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Young S. Kim
- Nutritional Science Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Allen D. Smith
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Thomas T. Y. Wang
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
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16
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Lees JG, White D, Keating BA, Barkl-Luke ME, Makker PGS, Goldstein D, Moalem-Taylor G. Oxaliplatin-induced haematological toxicity and splenomegaly in mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238164. [PMID: 32877416 PMCID: PMC7467301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Haematological toxicities occur in patients receiving oxaliplatin. Mild anaemia (grade 1-2) is a common side effect and approximately 90% of recipients develop measurable spleen enlargement. Although generally asymptomatic, oxaliplatin-induced splenomegaly is independently associated with complications following liver resection for colorectal liver metastasis and separately with poorer patient outcomes. Here, we investigated oxaliplatin-induced haematological toxicities and splenomegaly in mice treated with escalating dosages comparable to those prescribed to colorectal cancer patients. METHODS Blood was analysed, and smears assessed using Wright-Giemsa staining. Paw coloration was quantified as a marker of anaemia. Spleen weight and morphology were assessed for abnormalities relating to splenomegaly and a flow cytometry and multiplex cytokine array assessment was performed on splenocytes. The liver was assessed for sinusoidal obstructive syndrome. RESULTS Blood analysis showed dose dependent decreases in white and red blood cell counts, and significant changes in haematological indices. Front and hind paws exhibited dose dependent and dramatic discoloration indicative of anaemia. Spleen weight was significantly increased indicating splenomegaly, and red pulp tissue exhibited substantial dysplasia. Cytokines and chemokines within the spleen were significantly affected with temporal upregulation of IL-6, IL-1α and G-CSF and downregulation of IL-1β, IL-12p40, MIP-1β, IL-2 and RANTES. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated alterations in splenocyte populations, including a significant reduction in CD45+ cells. Histological staining of the liver showed no evidence of sinusoidal obstructive syndrome but there were signs suggestive of extramedullary haematopoiesis. CONCLUSION Chronic oxaliplatin treatment dose dependently induced haematological toxicity and splenomegaly characterised by numerous physiological and morphological changes, which occurred independently of sinusoidal obstructive syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin G. Lees
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail: (GM-T); (JGL)
| | - Daniel White
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brooke A. Keating
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mallory E. Barkl-Luke
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Preet G. S. Makker
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Goldstein
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gila Moalem-Taylor
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail: (GM-T); (JGL)
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17
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Jones SA, McGovern M, Lidove O, Giugliani R, Mistry PK, Dionisi-Vici C, Munoz-Rojas MV, Nalysnyk L, Schecter AD, Wasserstein M. Clinical relevance of endpoints in clinical trials for acid sphingomyelinase deficiency enzyme replacement therapy. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 131:116-123. [PMID: 32616389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) also known as Niemann-Pick disease, is a rare lysosomal storage disorder with a diverse disease spectrum that includes slowly progressive, chronic visceral (type B) and neurovisceral forms (intermediate type A/B), in addition to infantile, rapidly progressive fatal neurovisceral disease (type A). PURPOSE AND METHODS We review the published evidence on the relevance of splenomegaly and reduced lung diffusion capacity to the clinical burden of chronic forms of ASMD. Targeted literature searches were conducted to identify relevant ASMD and non-ASMD studies for associations between diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and splenomegaly, with clinical parameters and outcome measures. RESULTS Respiratory disease and organomegaly are primary and independent contributors to mortality, disease burden, and morbidity for patients with chronic ASMD. The degree of splenomegaly correlates with short stature, atherogenic lipid profile, and degree of abnormality of hematologic parameters, and thus may be considered a surrogate marker for bleeding risk, abnormal lipid profiles and possibly, liver fibrosis. Progressive lung disease is a prevalent clinical feature of chronic ASMD, contributing to a decreased quality of life (QoL) and an increased disease burden. In addition, respiratory-related complications are a major cause of mortality in ASMD. CONCLUSIONS The reviewed evidence from ASMD natural history and observational studies supports the use of lung function and spleen volume as clinically meaningful endpoints in ASMD trials that translate into important measures of disease burden for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon A Jones
- Manchester University NHS Trust Ctr Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK.
| | | | - Olivier Lidove
- Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses-Croix St Simon, Paris, France
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Med Genet Serv & DR BRASIL Research Group, HCPA, Dept Genetics, UFRGS, and INAGEMP, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Melissa Wasserstein
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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18
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Park SY, Matte A, Jung Y, Ryu J, Anand WB, Han EY, Liu M, Carbone C, Melisi D, Nagasawa T, Locascio JJ, Lin CP, Silberstein LE, De Franceschi L. Pathologic angiogenesis in the bone marrow of humanized sickle cell mice is reversed by blood transfusion. Blood 2020; 135:2071-2084. [PMID: 31990287 PMCID: PMC7273832 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019002227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic red blood cell (RBC) disorder with high morbidity and mortality. Here, we report, for the first time, the impact of SCD on the bone marrow (BM) vascular niche, which is critical for hematopoiesis. In SCD mice, we find a disorganized and structurally abnormal BM vascular network of increased numbers of highly tortuous arterioles occupying the majority of the BM cavity, as well as fragmented sinusoidal vessels filled with aggregates of erythroid and myeloid cells. By in vivo imaging, sickle and control RBCs have significantly slow intravascular flow speeds in sickle cell BM but not in control BM. In sickle cell BM, we find increased reactive oxygen species production in expanded erythroblast populations and elevated levels of HIF-1α. The SCD BM exudate exhibits increased levels of proangiogenic growth factors and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Transplantation of SCD mouse BM cells into wild-type mice recapitulates the SCD vascular phenotype. Our data provide a model of SCD BM, in which slow RBC flow and vaso-occlusions further diminish local oxygen availability in the physiologic hypoxic BM cavity. These events trigger a milieu that is conducive to aberrant vessel growth. The distorted neovascular network is completely reversed by a 6-week blood transfusion regimen targeting hemoglobin S to <30%, highlighting the plasticity of the vascular niche. A better insight into the BM microenvironments in SCD might provide opportunities to optimize approaches toward efficient and long-term hematopoietic engraftment in the context of curative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Young Park
- Transfusion Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alessandro Matte
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Yookyung Jung
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jina Ryu
- Transfusion Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Wilson Babu Anand
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Eun-Young Han
- Transfusion Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Min Liu
- Transfusion Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Melisi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Joseph J Locascio
- Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Charles P Lin
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Leslie E Silberstein
- Transfusion Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
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Ishizuka K, Fujii W, Azuma N, Mizobuchi H, Morimoto A, Sanjoba C, Matsumoto Y, Goto Y. Pathological roles of MRP14 in anemia and splenomegaly during experimental visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008020. [PMID: 31961866 PMCID: PMC6994150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-related protein 14 (MRP14) belongs to the S100 calcium-binding protein family and is expressed in neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages. Increase in the number of MRP14+ cells or serum level of MRP14 is associated with various diseases such as autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases, suggesting the involvement of the molecule in pathogenesis of those diseases. In this study, to examine the pathological involvement of MRP14 during cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis, wild-type (WT) and MRP14 knockout (MRP14KO) mice were infected with Leishmania major and L. donovani. Increase in the number of MRP14+ cells at the infection sites in wild-type mice was commonly found in the skin during L. major infection as well as the spleen and liver during L. donovani infection. In contrast, the influence of MRP14 to the pathology seemed different between the two infections. MRP14 depletion exacerbated the lesion development and ulcer formation in L. major infection. On the other hand, the depletion improved anemia and splenomegaly but not hepatomegaly at 24 weeks of L. donovani infection. These results suggest that, distinct from its protective role in CL, MRP14 is involved in exacerbation of some symptoms during VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanna Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuho Azuma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Mizobuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Morimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chizu Sanjoba
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Goto
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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20
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Yoshimura T, Nakamura K, Li C, Fujisawa M, Shiina T, Imamura M, Li T, Mukaida N, Matsukawa A. Cancer Cell-Derived Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Is Dispensable for the Progression of 4T1 Murine Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246342. [PMID: 31888216 PMCID: PMC6941073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that 4T1 murine breast cancer cells produce GM-CSF that up-regulates macrophage expression of several cancer promoting genes, including Mcp-1/Ccl2, Ccl17 and Rankl, suggesting a critical role of cancer cell-derived GM-CSF in cancer progression. Here, we attempted to define whether 4T1 cell-derived GM-CSF contributes to the expression of these genes by 4T1tumors, and their subsequent progression. Intraperitoneal injection of anti-GM-CSF neutralizing antibody did not decrease the expression of Mcp-1, Ccl17 or Rankl mRNA by 4T1 tumors. To further examine the role of cancer cell-derived GM-CSF, we generated GM-CSF-deficient 4T1 cells by using the Crisper-Cas9 system. As previously demonstrated, 4T1 cells are a mixture of cells and cloning of cells by itself significantly reduced tumor growth and lung metastasis. By contrast, GM-CSF-deficiency did not affect tumor growth, lung metastasis or the expression of these chemokine and cytokine genes in tumor tissues. By in-situ hybridization, the expression of Mcp-1 mRNA was detected in both F4/80-expressing and non-expressing cells in tumors of GM-CSF-deficient cells. These results indicate that cancer cell-derived GM-CSF is dispensable for the tuning of the 4T1 tumor microenvironment and the production of MCP-1, CCL17 or RANKL in the 4T1 tumor microenvironment is likely regulated by redundant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teizo Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.N.); (C.L.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (M.I.); (T.L.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-7143
| | - Kaoru Nakamura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.N.); (C.L.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (M.I.); (T.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Chunning Li
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.N.); (C.L.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (M.I.); (T.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Masayoshi Fujisawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.N.); (C.L.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (M.I.); (T.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Shiina
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.N.); (C.L.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (M.I.); (T.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Mayu Imamura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.N.); (C.L.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (M.I.); (T.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Tiantian Li
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.N.); (C.L.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (M.I.); (T.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Akihiro Matsukawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.N.); (C.L.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (M.I.); (T.L.); (A.M.)
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21
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Tanaka M, Kawazu Y, Yoshida T, Konishi T, Takenouchi N, Miwa M. Effects of radiation based on whole-body irradiation in HTLV-1-infected mice. J Radiat Res 2019; 60:705-708. [PMID: 31322703 PMCID: PMC6805971 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrz050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia is one of the life-threatening diseases that occur in individuals infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Clinical trials of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation therapy are being performed in addition to chemotherapy; however, neither is satisfactory. As a pretreatment for transplantation, anticancer drugs or whole-body irradiation is used to decrease the number of HTLV-1-infected cells, but there are numerous side effects. Therefore, in the present study, using a mouse model of HTLV-1 infection, the long-term survival and number of infected cells in the reservoir organ were investigated in order to determine the effect of γ-irradiation on HTLV-1-infected mice in vivo. There was no improvement in the survival period following γ-irradiation in the γ-irradiated group after HTLV-1 infection when compared with the HTLV-1-infected group. It was also found that the incidence of splenomegaly was ≥80% in the HTLV-1-infected and γ-irradiated group, which was significantly higher than that in the HTLV-1-infected mice. The tissue morphology in the spleen became non-uniform because of γ-rays. Importantly, the number of infected cells in the spleen was increased 4.1-fold in the HTLV-1-infected and γ-irradiated mice compared with that in the HTLV-1-infected mice. Careful consideration might be necessary when using whole-body irradiation in patients with HTLV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Tanaka
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Corresponding author. Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan. Tel: +81-99-275-5941; Fax: +81-99-275-5942;
| | - Yusuke Kawazu
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Konishi
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
| | - Norihiro Takenouchi
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanao Miwa
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
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22
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Manshouri T, Verstovsek S, Harris DM, Veletic I, Zhang X, Post SM, Bueso-Ramos CE, Estrov Z. Primary myelofibrosis marrow-derived CD14+/CD34- monocytes induce myelofibrosis-like phenotype in immunodeficient mice and give rise to megakaryocytes. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222912. [PMID: 31569199 PMCID: PMC6768666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To confirm that neoplastic monocyte-derived collagen- and fibronectin-producing fibrocytes induce bone marrow (BM) fibrosis in primary myelofibrosis (PMF), we injected PMF BM-derived fibrocyte-precursor CD14+/CD34- monocytes into the tail vein of NOD-SCID-γ (NSG) mice. PMF BM-derived CD14+/CD34- monocytes engrafted and induced a PMF-like phenotype with splenomegaly, myeloid hyperplasia with clusters of atypical megakaryocytes, persistence of the JAK2V617F mutation, and BM and spleen fibrosis. As control we used normal human BM-derived CD14+/CD34- monocytes. These monocytes also engrafted and gave rise to normal megakaryocytes that, like PMF CD14+/CD34--derived megakaryocytes, expressed HLA-ABC and human CD42b antigens. Using 2 clonogenic assays we confirmed that PMF and normal BM-derived CD14+/CD34- monocytes give rise to megakaryocyte colony-forming cells, suggesting that a subpopulation BM monocytes harbors megakaryocyte progenitor capacity. Taken together, our data suggest that PMF monocytes induce myelofibrosis-like phenotype in immunodeficient mice and that PMF and normal BM-derived CD14+/CD34- monocytes give rise to megakaryocyte progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghi Manshouri
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Srdan Verstovsek
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - David M. Harris
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Ivo Veletic
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sean M. Post
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Zeev Estrov
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Wang L, Deng Q, Hu H, Liu M, Gong Z, Zhang S, Xu-Monette ZY, Lu Z, Young KH, Ma X, Li Y. Glyphosate induces benign monoclonal gammopathy and promotes multiple myeloma progression in mice. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:70. [PMID: 31277689 PMCID: PMC6612199 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the USA and worldwide. There has been considerable debate about its carcinogenicity. Epidemiological studies suggest that multiple myeloma (MM) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have a positive and statistically significant association with glyphosate exposure. As a B cell genome mutator, activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is a key pathogenic player in both MM and B cell NHL. METHODS Vk*MYC is a mouse line with sporadic MYC activation in germinal center B cells and considered as the best available MM animal model. We treated Vk*MYC mice and wild-type mice with drinking water containing 1000 mg/L of glyphosate and examined animals after 72 weeks. RESULTS Vk*MYC mice under glyphosate exposure developed progressive hematological abnormalities and plasma cell neoplasms such as splenomegaly, anemia, and high serum IgG. Moreover, glyphosate caused multiple organ dysfunction, including lytic bone lesions and renal damage in Vk*MYC mice. Glyphosate-treated wild-type mice developed benign monoclonal gammopathy with increased serum IgG, anemia, and plasma cell presence in the spleen and bone marrow. Finally, glyphosate upregulated AID in the spleen and bone marrow of both wild-type and Vk*MYC mice. CONCLUSIONS These data support glyphosate as an environmental risk factor for MM and potentially NHL and implicate a mechanism underlying the B cell-specificity of glyphosate-induced carcinogenesis observed epidemiologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qipan Deng
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Stomatology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zijun Y Xu-Monette
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongxin Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Breccia M, Luciano L, Pugliese N, Rossi E, Tiribelli M, Scalzulli E, Bonifacio M, Martino B, Latagliata R, Benevolo G, Caocci G, Binotto G, Martinelli V, Cavo M, Pane F, De Stefano V, Foà R, Palandri F. Efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib and hydroxyurea combination in patients with hyperproliferative myelofibrosis. Ann Hematol 2019; 98:1933-1936. [PMID: 31201513 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-019-03727-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ruxolitinib is the only commercially available JAK1/2 inhibitor approved for the treatment of myelofibrosis-related splenomegaly and symptoms. During treatment, as rare conditions, leukocytosis and/or thrombocytosis could develop and the management of these situations is not well established. We report here 53 myelofibrosis patients that received a combination of hydroxyurea and ruxolitinib because of uncontrolled myeloproliferation. Both drugs were administered outside clinical trials. At 48 weeks, a significant reduction in leucocyte and platelet counts was observed (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively). Additionally, the spleen volume decreased from a median value of 10 cm below the left costal margin (range, 0-10) to 6 cm (range, 0-15). The rate of spleen response increased from 14% at the start of the combination to 45% after 48 weeks. The safety profile of the combination was consistent with that observed with ruxolitinib single agent. These data require further confirmation in large cohorts of patients prospectively assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Breccia
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Via Benevento 6, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | - Elena Rossi
- Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Hematology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Tiribelli
- Division of Hematology and BMT, Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Emilia Scalzulli
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Via Benevento 6, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Martino
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera 'Bianchi Melacrino Morelli', Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Roberto Latagliata
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Via Benevento 6, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Benevolo
- Division of Hematology, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Caocci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Hematology and Transplant Center, Businco Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianni Binotto
- Unit of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Michele Cavo
- Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Valerio De Stefano
- Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Hematology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Robin Foà
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Via Benevento 6, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Palandri
- Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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25
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Camus A, Griffin M, Armwood A, Soto E. A Spontaneous Outbreak of Systemic Edwardsiella piscicida Infection in Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacépède, 1802) in California, USA. J Fish Dis 2019; 42:759-763. [PMID: 30801740 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Al Camus
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Athens, Athens, Georgia
| | - Matt Griffin
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, Mississippi
| | - Abigail Armwood
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Athens, Athens, Georgia
| | - Esteban Soto
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
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26
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Hürlimann E, Houngbedji CA, Yapi RB, N’Dri PB, Silué KD, Ouattara M, Utzinger J, N’Goran EK, Raso G. Antagonistic effects of Plasmodium-helminth co-infections on malaria pathology in different population groups in Côte d'Ivoire. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007086. [PMID: 30629580 PMCID: PMC6343929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Plasmodium spp. and helminths are co-endemic in many parts of the tropics; hence, co-infection is a common phenomenon. Interactions between Plasmodium and helminth infections may alter the host’s immune response and susceptibility and thus impact on morbidity. There is little information on the direction and magnitude of such interactions and results are conflicting. This study aimed at shedding new light on the potential interactions of Plasmodium and helminth co-infections on anemia and splenomegaly in different population groups in Côte d’Ivoire. Methodology Parasitologic and clinical data were obtained from four cross-sectional community-based studies and a national school-based survey conducted between 2011 and 2013 in Côte d’Ivoire. Six scenarios of co-infection pairs defined as Plasmodium infection or high parasitemia, combined with one of three common helminth infections (i.e., Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, and hookworm) served for analysis. Adjusted logistic regression models were built for each scenario and interaction measures on additive scale calculated according to Rothman et al., while an interaction term in the model served as multiplicative scale measure. Principal findings All identified significant interactions were of antagonistic nature but varied in magnitude and species combination. In study participants aged 5–18 years from community-based studies, Plasmodium-hookworm co-infection showed an antagonistic interaction on additive scale on splenomegaly, while Plasmodium-Schistosoma co-infection scenarios showed protective effects on multiplicative scale for anemia and splenomegaly in participants aged 5–16 years from a school-based study. Conclusions/Significance No exacerbation from co-infection with Plasmodium and helminths was observed, neither in participants aged 5–18 years nor in adults from the community-based studies. Future studies should unravel underlying mechanisms of the observed interactions, as this knowledge might help shaping control efforts against these diseases of poverty. Malaria (due to infection with Plasmodium spp.) and parasitic worms (for example soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosoma spp.) are common in the tropics. Hence, people are often co-infected, depending on various factors. Interactions between Plasmodium and helminth infections may alter immune response and susceptibility of the infected host, and thus impact on morbidity by either making it worse (synergism) or by reducing it (antagonism). Although these co-infections are common, little is known about the direction and magnitude of such interactions. To deepen the understanding of how co-infection could affect morbidity in infected people, we looked at clinical data (i.e., anemia and splenomegaly) in different population groups in Côte d’Ivoire. We did not observe any exacerbation from co-infection with Plasmodium and helminths; all identified significant interactions were of antagonistic nature but varied in magnitude and parasite combination. In the light of enhanced control efforts targeting helminthiases, a better understanding about potential effects on susceptibility to malaria in co-endemic areas should be gained and intervention strategies against the two type of diseases be planned in a more integrative manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Hürlimann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Clarisse A. Houngbedji
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
- Centre d’Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire, Université Alassane Ouattara, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Richard B. Yapi
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Prisca B. N’Dri
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Kigbafori D. Silué
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Hophouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Mamadou Ouattara
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Hophouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eliézer K. N’Goran
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Hophouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Giovanna Raso
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Lukina E, Watman N, Dragosky M, Lau H, Avila Arreguin E, Rosenbaum H, Zimran A, Foster MC, Gaemers SJM, Peterschmitt MJ. Outcomes after 8 years of eliglustat therapy for Gaucher disease type 1: Final results from the Phase 2 trial. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:29-38. [PMID: 30264864 PMCID: PMC6587500 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Eliglustat is a first‐line oral therapy for adults with Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) and poor, intermediate or extensive CYP2D6‐metabolizer phenotypes (>90% of patients). We report the final results of a Phase 2 trial and extension (NCT00358150) in previously untreated adult GD1 patients who had splenomegaly with thrombocytopenia and/or anemia and received 50 or 100 mg eliglustat tartrate (equivalent to 42 or 84 mg eliglustat) twice daily for 8 years. In total, 19 of 26 patients completed the trial. After 8 years of eliglustat, mean spleen and liver volumes decreased by 69% and 34%, respectively. Mean hemoglobin concentration and platelet count increased by 2.2 g/dL and 113%, respectively. All patients met at least 3 of 4 therapeutic goals established for patients on long‐term enzyme replacement therapy. Mean final values for patients with severe splenomegaly (n = 6), moderate‐to‐severe anemia (n = 6), or severe thrombocytopenia (n = 8) were similar to patients with milder disease at baseline and within long‐term therapeutic goal thresholds. Biomarker median percent changes from baseline were ‐91% for chitotriosidase, ‐87% for CCL18, ‐92% for glucosylsphingosine, and ‐80% for plasma glucosylceramide. Mean lumbar spine T‐score increased by 0.96, moving from the osteopenic to the normal range. Mean quality‐of‐life scores, mostly below normal at baseline, moved into ranges seen in healthy adults. Eliglustat was well‐tolerated; 98% of adverse events were mild or moderate and 94% were considered unrelated to treatment. Clinically meaningful improvements in all parameters continued or were maintained over 8 years, with the largest margins of improvement seen in the most severely affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lukina
- Department of Orphan DiseasesNational Research Center for HematologyMoscowRussia
| | - Nora Watman
- Division of HematologyHospital Ramos MejiaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Marta Dragosky
- Department of HematologyIMAI‐ResearchBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Heather Lau
- Department of NeurologyNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNew York
| | - Elsa Avila Arreguin
- Department of HematologyInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Hospital de EspecialidadesCol. La RazaMexico
| | | | - Ari Zimran
- Gaucher Clinic, Department of Medicine, Shaare Zedek Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
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28
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Saruwatari J, Dong C, Utsumi T, Tanaka M, McConnell M, Iwakiri Y. Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles in splenomegaly induced by non-cirrhotic portal hypertension in rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17983. [PMID: 30573742 PMCID: PMC6301948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The spleen plays an important role in the immune and hematopoietic systems. Splenomegaly is a frequent consequence of portal hypertension, but the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we have performed a whole-genome microarray analysis combined with histological examination in enlarged spleens isolated from rats with partial portal vein ligation (PPVL) surgery to provide comprehensive profiles of microRNAs and their target mRNAs with a focus on their potential biological functions. A total of 964 mRNAs and 30 microRNAs showed significant differential expression in the spleens of PPVL rats compared to rats undergoing a sham procedure. Twenty-two down-regulated microRNAs were associated with significantly increased genes highly involved in fibrogenic activity and cell proliferation/migration (e.g., Ctgf, Serpine1, Col1a1). Consistently, histological analyses demonstrated increased splenic fibrosis and cell proliferation in the spleens of PPVL rats. Eight up-regulated microRNAs were associated with suppression of genes that are related to interferon-mediated antiviral activity in innate immune responses (e.g., Irf7, Dhx58). In conclusion, we determined a specific microRNA-mRNA network potentially implicated in the tissue fibrosis and cell proliferation in portal hypertension-induced splenomegaly. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanisms for regulation of spleen structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Saruwatari
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chao Dong
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Masatake Tanaka
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew McConnell
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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29
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Corey SJ, Jha J, McCart EA, Rittase WB, George J, Mattapallil JJ, Mehta H, Ognoon M, Bylicky MA, Summers TA, Day RM. Captopril mitigates splenomegaly and myelofibrosis in the Gata1 low murine model of myelofibrosis. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4274-4282. [PMID: 29971909 PMCID: PMC6111823 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is currently the only curative therapy for primary myelofibrosis (MF), while the JAK2 inhibitor, ruxolitinib. Has been approved only for palliation. Other therapies are desperately needed to reverse life-threatening MF. However, the cell(s) and cytokine(s) that promote MF remain unclear. Several reports have demonstrated that captopril, an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme that blocks the production of angiotensin II (Ang II), mitigates fibrosis in heart, lung, skin and kidney. Here, we show that captopril can mitigate the development of MF in the Gata1low mouse model of primary MF. Gata1low mice were treated with 79 mg/kg/d captopril in the drinking water from 10 to 12 months of age. At 13 months of age, bone marrows were examined for fibrosis, megakaryocytosis and collagen expression; spleens were examined for megakaryocytosis, splenomegaly and collagen expression. Treatment of Gata1low mice with captopril in the drinking water was associated with normalization of the bone marrow cellularity; reduced reticulin fibres, splenomegaly and megakaryocytosis; and decreased collagen expression. Our findings suggest that treating with the ACE inhibitors captopril has a significant benefit in overcoming pathological changes associated with MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth J. Corey
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell TransplantationThe Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Jyoti Jha
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Elizabeth A. McCart
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA
| | - William B. Rittase
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Jeffy George
- Department of MicrobiologyUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Joseph J. Mattapallil
- Department of MicrobiologyUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Hrishikesh Mehta
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell TransplantationThe Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Mungunsukh Ognoon
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Michelle A. Bylicky
- Neuroscience Graduate ProgramUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Thomas A. Summers
- Department of PathologyUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Regina M. Day
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA
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30
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De Pasquale A, Paterlini P, Di Francesco A, Vecchio L, Quaglino D. Follicular Lymphomas with Predominant Splenic Involvement: Report of Two Cases. Tumori 2018; 72:109-15. [PMID: 3513405 DOI: 10.1177/030089168607200117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe the results of histological, cytomorphological, cytochemical and immunological studies carried out in two cases of follicular lymphoma characterized at onset by an exceptional degree of splenomegaly. Although several different histological types seem to be capable of giving rise to prominent splenic involvement, the authors, on the basis of the reported findings, suggest the possibility that some cases of follicular lymphoma presenting with conspicuous splenomegaly and which at present are classified in the group of the so-called intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma, might be an expression of proliferation of a cell type normally recognizable in the marginal zone of the splenic follicles.
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31
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Abstract
We report the case of a 65-year-old man who developed a symptomatic splenomegaly due to spleen metastasis from thyroid follicular carcinoma. In 1982, at the age of 53, the patient had undergone a thyroid lobectomy for a cold node, followed one year later by a second intervention for a microfollicular adenoma. He was subsequently administered thyroid suppressive therapy with no further follow-up. The diagnosis of spleen metastases from thyroid cancer was first suspected on the basis of history, high serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels, and the presence of pulmonary 99Tc uptake. The patient underwent a splenectomy, during which vast infiltration involving the diaphragm, spleen, stomach, colon and pancreas, was found. Histological and immunohistochemical results showed that the spleen and diaphragm metastases derived from thyroid follicular carcinoma. Radioiodine uptake by the pulmonary metastases confirmed the thyroid source. Retrospective re-evaluation of the thyroid tissue removed in 1983 revealed a histological pattern consistent with follicular carcinoma, which could not be unequivocally attributed to the widely or minimally invasive form. To our knowledge this is the first report of splenomegaly as the first manifestation of thyroid cancer metastases. In this paper cases of splenomegaly due to metastatic spread are reviewed and the management of the present case is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Paolini
- IVth Chair of Internal Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Italy
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32
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Jaitly V, Chen L. Hairy Cell Leukemia with Unusual Presentation. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2018; 48:253-254. [PMID: 29678856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanya Jaitly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
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33
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Li J, Prins D, Park HJ, Grinfeld J, Gonzalez-Arias C, Loughran S, Dovey OM, Klampfl T, Bennett C, Hamilton TL, Pask DC, Sneade R, Williams M, Aungier J, Ghevaert C, Vassiliou GS, Kent DG, Green AR. Mutant calreticulin knockin mice develop thrombocytosis and myelofibrosis without a stem cell self-renewal advantage. Blood 2018; 131:649-661. [PMID: 29282219 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-806356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations in the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone calreticulin (CALR) are detected in approximately 40% of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Multiple different mutations have been reported, but all result in a +1-bp frameshift and generate a novel protein C terminus. In this study, we generated a conditional mouse knockin model of the most common CALR mutation, a 52-bp deletion. The mutant novel human C-terminal sequence is integrated into the otherwise intact mouse CALR gene and results in mutant CALR expression under the control of the endogenous mouse locus. CALRdel/+ mice develop a transplantable ET-like disease with marked thrombocytosis, which is associated with increased and morphologically abnormal megakaryocytes and increased numbers of phenotypically defined hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Homozygous CALRdel/del mice developed extreme thrombocytosis accompanied by features of MF, including leukocytosis, reduced hematocrit, splenomegaly, and increased bone marrow reticulin. CALRdel/+ HSCs were more proliferative in vitro, but neither CALRdel/+ nor CALRdel/del displayed a competitive transplantation advantage in primary or secondary recipient mice. These results demonstrate the consequences of heterozygous and homozygous CALR mutations and provide a powerful model for dissecting the pathogenesis of CALR-mutant ET and PMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Prins
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Grinfeld
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Gonzalez-Arias
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Loughran
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver M Dovey
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - Thorsten Klampfl
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cavan Bennett
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tina L Hamilton
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dean C Pask
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Sneade
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Williams
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Juliet Aungier
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cedric Ghevaert
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - David G Kent
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony R Green
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Ben Lakhal R, Ghedira H, Bellaaj H, Ben Youssef Y, Menif S, Manai Z, Bedoui M, Lakhal A, M'Sadek F, Elloumi M, Khélif A, Ben Romdhane N, Laatiri MA, Ben Othmen T, Meddeb B. Chronic myeloid leukemia patients in Tunisia: epidemiology and outcome in the imatinib era (a multicentric experience). Ann Hematol 2018; 97:597-604. [PMID: 29305630 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Data are limited in developing countries regarding the clinicopathologic features and response to therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the era of imatinib (IM). The objective of this study is to report on the clinicoepidemiologic features of CML in Tunisia, to evaluate the long-term outcome of patients in chronic (CP) or accelerated phase (AP) treated with IM 400 mg daily as frontline therapy, and to determine imatinib's efficacy and safety. From October 2002 to December 2014, 410 CML patients were treated with IM in six Tunisian departments of hematology. Response (hematologic, cytogenetic, and molecular responses) and outcome-overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), and progression-free survival (PFS)-were evaluated. The following prognostic factors were analyzed for their impact on the European leukemia net (ELN) response, OS, EFS, and PFS at 5 years: age, sex, leukocyte count, Sokal score, European Treatment and Outcome Study (EUTOS) score, CML phase, time to starting IM, and impact of adverse events. The median age was 45 years (3-85 years). Two hundred ten (51.2%) patients were male. Splenomegaly was present in 322 of the 410 (79%). Additional cytogenetic abnormalities were encountered in 25 (6.3%) patients. At diagnosis, 379 (92.4%) patients were in CP, 31 (7.6%) were in AP. The Sokal risk was low in 87 (22.5%), intermediate in 138 (35.7%), and high in 164 patients (41.9%). The EUTOS risk was low in 217 (74%), and high in 77 (26%) patients. The rates of cumulative complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), major molecular response (MMR), and molecular response 4/5 log (MR4.5) in CP/AP-CML patients were 72, 68.4, and 46.4%, respectively. The median time to reach CCyR, MMR, and MR4.5 was 6 months (3-51), 18 months (3-72), and 24 months (3-100), respectively. According to the ELN criteria, optimal, suboptimal response, and failure were noted in 206 (51.8%), 61 (15.3%), and 125 (31.4%) patients, respectively. Five-year event-free survival (EFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were 81, 90, and 90%, respectively. By multivariate analysis, AP, high EUTOS risk, and baseline WBC ≥ 150G/l remained independent predictive factors of non-optimal response to IM. The adverse events (AE) of IM were moderate and tolerable. With the caveats that the monitoring of the disease was not optimal, response rates were similar to those reported in previous studies. It is clear to us that improvements should be made in treatment of AP-CML and high Sokal risk group of CP-CML. The frontline use of second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is expected to improve the results of the first-line treatment of these high-risk Tunisian patients, but cost and accessibility of this therapy remain the problems in developing countries.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/adverse effects
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Practice Patterns, Physicians'
- Prognosis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Retrospective Studies
- Splenomegaly/etiology
- Splenomegaly/pathology
- Splenomegaly/prevention & control
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tunisia/epidemiology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Raihane Ben Lakhal
- Hematology Department, Aziza Othmana University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Hela Ghedira
- Hematology Department, Military Hospital Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Bellaaj
- Hematology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Zeineb Manai
- Hematology Department, La Rabta Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Manel Bedoui
- Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amel Lakhal
- Centre national de greffe de moelle osseuse, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fehmi M'Sadek
- Hematology Department, Military Hospital Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Moez Elloumi
- Hematology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | | | - Balkis Meddeb
- Department of Haematology, Aziza Othmana University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
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Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) is a category in the World Health Organization classification of myeloid tumors. BCR-ABL1-negative MPN is a subcategory that includes primary myelofibrosis (MF), post-essential thrombocythemia MF, and post-polycythemia vera MF. These disorders are characterized by stem cell-derived clonal myeloproliferation. Clinically, these diseases present with anemia and splenomegaly and significant constitutional symptoms such as severe fatigue, symptoms associated with an enlarged spleen and liver, pruritus, fevers, night sweats, and bone pain. Multiple treatment options may provide symptom relief and improved survival; however, allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HCT) remains the only potentially curative option. The decision for a transplant is based on patient prognosis, age, comorbidities, and functional status. This review describes the recent data on various peritransplantation factors and their effect on outcomes of patients with MF and new therapeutic areas, such as the use and timing of Janus kinase inhibitors with HCT and gives overall conclusions from the available data in the published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Jain
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.
| | - Ruben A Mesa
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Jeanne M Palmer
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
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Lu S, Liu S, Wietelmann A, Kojonazarov B, Atzberger A, Tang C, Schermuly RT, Gröne HJ, Offermanns S. Developmental vascular remodeling defects and postnatal kidney failure in mice lacking Gpr116 (Adgrf5) and Eltd1 (Adgrl4). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183166. [PMID: 28806758 PMCID: PMC5555693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR116 (ADGRF5) and ELTD1 (ADGRL4) belong to different subfamilies of the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor group but are both expressed in endothelial cells. We therefore analyzed their functions in mice lacking these receptors. While loss of GPR116 or ELTD1 alone had no obvious effect on cardiovascular or kidney function, mice lacking both, GPR116 and ELTD1, showed malformations of the aortic arch arteries and the cardiac outflow tract leading to perinatal lethality in about 50% of the mutants. In addition to cardiovascular malformations, surviving mice developed renal thrombotic microangiopathy as well as hemolysis and splenomegaly, and their lifespan was significantly reduced. Loss of GPR116 and ELTD1 specifically in endothelial cells or neural crest-derived cells did not recapitulate any of the phenotypes observed in GPR116-ELTD1 double deficient mice, indicating that loss of GPR116 and ELTD1 expressed by other cells accounts for the observed cardiovascular and renal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- * E-mail: (SL); (SO)
| | - Shuya Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Astrid Wietelmann
- Scientific Service Group Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Ann Atzberger
- Flow Cytometry Service Facility, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Cong Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Hermann-Josef Gröne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty, J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- * E-mail: (SL); (SO)
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Ma J, Li R, Liu Y, Qu G, Liu J, Guo W, Song H, Li X, Liu Y, Xia T, Yan B, Liu S. Carbon Nanotubes Disrupt Iron Homeostasis and Induce Anemia of Inflammation through Inflammatory Pathway as a Secondary Effect Distant to Their Portal-of-Entry. Small 2017; 13:1603830. [PMID: 28195425 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous toxicological studies have been performed on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a few studies have investigated their secondary and indirect effects beyond the primary target tissues/organs. Here, a cascade of events are investigated: the initiating event and the subsequent key events necessary for the development of phenotypes, namely CNT-induced pro-inflammatory effects on iron homeostasis and red blood cell formation, which are linked to anemia of inflammation (AI). A panel of CNTs are prepared including pristine multiwall CNTs (P-MWCNTs), aminated MWCNTs (MWCNTs-NH2 ), polyethylene glycol MWCNTs (MWCNTs-PEG), polyethyleneimine MWCNTs (MWCNTs-PEI), and carboxylated MWCNTs (MWCNTs-COOH). It has been demonstrated that all CNT materials provoke inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) production and stimulate hepcidin induction, associated with disordered iron homeostasis, irrespective of exposure routes including intratracheal, intravenous, and intraperitoneal administration. Meanwhile, PEG and COOH modifications can ameliorate the activation of IL-6-hepcidin signaling. Long-term exposure of MWCNTs results in AI and extramedullary erythropoiesis. Thus, an adverse outcome pathway is identified: MWCNT exposure leads to inflammation, hepatic hepcidin induction, and disordered iron metabolism. Together, the combined data depict the hazardous secondary toxicity of CNTs in incurring anemia through inflammatory pathway. This study will also open a new avenue for future investigations on CNT-induced indirect and secondary adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Ruibin Li
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wenli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Haoyang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xinghong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Bing Yan
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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Lv Y, Yee Lau W, Wu H, Han X, Gong X, Liu N, Yue J, Li Q, Li Y, Deng J. Causes of peripheral cytopenia in hepatitic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive splenomegaly. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:744-749. [PMID: 28299974 PMCID: PMC5363688 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217693113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical data of 183 patients with hepatitic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive splenomegaly complicated by peripheral cytopenia were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the causes of peripheral cytopenia, as well as the proportion of the causes in these patients. All patients underwent splenectomy. Before operation, these patients had one or more types of peripheral cytopenia (cumulative cytopenia: 390 patient-times). After splenectomy, blood counts in 79.2% (309/390) returned to normal, while in 15.9% (62/390) they increased but failed to reach to normal levels, and in 4.9% (19/390) they became lower than before the operations. For the last group of patients ( n = 19), long-term follow-up showed that blood counts returned to normal in five patients. In other words, in 80.5% [(309 + 5)/390 or 314/390] of patient-times, the peripheral cytopenia was due to hypersplenism, in 15.9% it was due to a combination of factors, and in 3.6% [14/390] it had nothing to do with the hypersplenism. Thus, hypersplenism is a major cause, but not the only cause, of peripheral cytopenia in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive splenomegaly, and splenectormy is an effective treatment for these patients. Impact statement For a long time, the development of peripheral cytopenias as a complication to cirrhotic portal hypertension has been attributed to hypersplenism; however, this has never been fully demonstrated. Dameshek summarized that hypersplenism should be diagnosed by the presence of four conditions: (a) mono- or multi-lineage peripheral cytopenias; (b) compensatory hyperplasia of bone marrow; (c) splenomegaly; and (d) correction of cytopenias after splenectomy. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data from 183 surgical patients, and found that 80.5% of peripheral cytopenias was caused by hypersplenism, 16% by a combination of factors, and 3.5% by other factors unrelated to hypersplenism. As the first quantitative findings in this field, our results verify that hypersplenism is a major, but not exclusive, cause of peripheral cytopenias, and provides important clinical evidence for investigating the cause of peripheral cytopenias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfu Lv
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Wan Yee Lau
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongfei Wu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - XiaoYu Han
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Xiaoguang Gong
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Jie Yue
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - YeJuan Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan Province People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
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Gale HI, Bobbitt CA, Setty BN, Sprinz PG, Doros G, Williams DD, Morrison TC, Kalajian TA, Tu P, Mundluru SN, Castro-Aragon I. Expected Sonographic Appearance of the Spleen in Children and Young Adults With Sickle Cell Disease: An Update. J Ultrasound Med 2016; 35:1735-1745. [PMID: 27353067 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.15.09023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To update the imaging literature regarding spleen appearances in young patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). METHODS We conducted a retrospective study and included 112 patients age 0 to 21 years with SCD who had at least 1 abdominal sonogram at our institution between 1999 and 2011. Radiologic findings were compared between risk groups by χ(2) analysis. Findings were correlated with other imaging modalities when available. RESULTS In our cohort, 35.7% of patients had autosplenectomy, and 8.0% had undergone surgical splenectomy. Only 5.0% of individuals age 0 to 5 years had autosplenectomy. In those who had not undergone surgical splenectomy or autosplenectomy, 76.2% had echogenic spleens, heterogeneous-appearing spleens, or both, and patients with the homozygous sickle cell anemia (HbSS) genotype were more likely to have an abnormal spleen echo texture. Patients treated with transfusions had echogenic spleens and had a higher frequency of splenic regeneration nodules. Most patients (80%) with splenomegaly did not require surgical splenectomy after 5.7 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Twenty years ago, children with HbSS SCD were expected to have autosplenectomy by age 5 years. There have been changes in the radiologic appearance of the spleen in patients with SDC, likely due to improved supportive care and the use of acute and chronic transfusion therapy. We found that autosplenectomy is rare by age 5 years, and during childhood and adolescence, the spleen typically appears echogenic, heterogeneous, or both, depending on disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather I Gale
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Bindu N Setty
- Boston University/Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Gheorghe Doros
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | | | | | - Tyler A Kalajian
- Department of Medical Clinical Sciences/ Graduate Medical Studies, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Powen Tu
- Stanford University, Stanford California USA
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Singh N, Johnstone DB, Martin KA, Tempera I, Kaplan MJ, Denny MF. Alterations in nuclear structure promote lupus autoimmunity in a mouse model. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:885-97. [PMID: 27483354 PMCID: PMC5007980 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.024851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the development of autoantibodies that recognize components of the cell nucleus. The vast majority of lupus research has focused on either the contributions of immune cell dysfunction or the genetics of the disease. Because granulocytes isolated from human SLE patients had alterations in neutrophil nuclear morphology that resembled the Pelger-Huet anomaly, and had prominent mis-splicing of mRNA encoding the nuclear membrane protein lamin B receptor (LBR), consistent with their Pelger-Huet-like nuclear morphology, we used a novel mouse model system to test the hypothesis that a disruption in the structure of the nucleus itself also contributes to the development of lupus autoimmunity. The lupus-prone mouse strain New Zealand White (NZW) was crossed with c57Bl/6 mice harboring a heterozygous autosomal dominant mutation in Lbr (B6.Lbr(ic/+)), and the (NZW×B6.Lbr(ic))F1 offspring were evaluated for induction of lupus autoimmunity. Only female (NZW×B6.Lbr(ic))F1 mice developed lupus autoimmunity, which included splenomegaly, kidney damage and autoantibodies. Kidney damage was accompanied by immune complex deposition, and perivascular and tubule infiltration of mononuclear cells. The titers of anti-chromatin antibodies exceeded those of aged female MRL-Fas(lpr) mice, and were predominantly of the IgG2 subclasses. The anti-nuclear antibody staining profile of female (NZW×B6.Lbr(ic))F1 sera was complex, and consisted of an anti-nuclear membrane reactivity that colocalized with the A-type lamina, in combination with a homogeneous pattern that was related to the recognition of histones with covalent modifications that are associated with gene activation. An anti-neutrophil IgM recognizing calreticulin, but not myeloperoxidase (MPO) or proteinase 3 (PR3), was also identified. Thus, alterations in nuclear structure contribute to lupus autoimmunity when expressed in the context of a lupus-prone genetic background, suggesting a mechanism for the development of lupus autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals that is induced by the disruption of nuclear architecture.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoantibodies/blood
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Autoantigens/blood
- Autoantigens/immunology
- Autoimmunity
- Calreticulin/metabolism
- Cell Nucleus/pathology
- Cell Separation
- Crosses, Genetic
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Granulocytes/metabolism
- Granulocytes/pathology
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin M/immunology
- Kidney/pathology
- Lamin Type A/metabolism
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myeloblastin/metabolism
- Peroxidase/metabolism
- RNA Splicing/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Splenomegaly/pathology
- Transcriptional Activation
- Lamin B Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Duncan B Johnstone
- Section of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kayla A Martin
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Italo Tempera
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael F Denny
- Section of Rheumatology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Abstract
Since late 2003, an inflammatory disease of muscle and fascia has been diagnosed in several ferrets at Northwest ZooPath, and this report describes the condition in 17 ferrets. It is a disease of young ferrets, characterized by rapid onset of clinical signs, high fever, neutrophilic leukocytosis, treatment failure, and death (or euthanasia). Gross lesions include atrophy of skeletal muscle; red and white mottling and dilatation of the esophagus; and splenomegaly. Histologically, moderate to severe suppurative to pyogranulomatous inflammation is in the skeletal muscle and the fascia at multiple sites, including esophagus, heart, limbs, body wall, head, and lumbar regions. Myeloid hyperplasia of spleen and/or bone marrow also is a prominent feature. Ultrastructural lesions include mitochondrial swelling, intracellular edema, disruption of myofibrils and Z bands. Bacterial and viral cultures, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction were negative for a variety of infectious agents. The clinical presentation and distribution of lesions suggests that polymyositis in domestic ferrets is likely a distinct entity. The etiopathogenesis if this condition is not known.
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Quiz page. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2016; 59:248. [PMID: 27166058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
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43
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Cobelschi C, Maier A, Hogea MD, Gheorghiu ARA, Toader I. Splenic Tuberculosis--Case Report. Chirurgia (Bucur) 2016; 111:165-169. [PMID: 27172532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The authors advance the case of a patient aged 42, with cardiovascular disorders who is hospitalized for non-specific, but persistent symptomatology: asthenia, fatigability, dyspnoea, night sweats. The clinical (splenomegaly), abdominal ultrasonographic (splenic hypo-echogenic lesions) and computed tomographic (splenic hypo-dense lesions) elements lead to a splenic disorder, but the association of intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal adenopathies(CT revealed) raises suspicion of a chronic lymphoproliferative syndrome. Splenectomy by open approach is performed and the surprise comes from histopathology: splenic tuberculosis. Clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of tuberculosis with splenic localization are presented.
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Chen Y, Wang W, Wang H, Li Y, Shi M, Li H, Yan J. Rapamycin Attenuates Splenomegaly in both Intrahepatic and Prehepatic Portal Hypertensive Rats by Blocking mTOR Signaling Pathway. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0141159. [PMID: 26734934 PMCID: PMC4703391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spleen enlargement is often detected in patients with liver cirrhosis, but the precise pathogenetic mechanisms behind the phenomenon have not been clearly elucidated. We investigated the pathogenetic mechanisms of splenomegaly in both portal hypertensive patients and rats, and tried to identify the possible therapy for this disease. METHODS Spleen samples were collected from portal hypertensive patients after splenectomy. Rat models of portal hypertension were induced by common bile duct ligation and partial portal vein ligation. Spleen samples from patients and rats were used to study the characteristics of splenomegaly by histological, immunohistochemical, and western blot analyses. Rapamycin or vehicle was administered to rats to determine the contribution of mTOR signaling pathway in the development of splenomegaly. RESULTS We found that not only spleen congestion, but also increasing angiogenesis, fibrogenesis, inflammation and proliferation of splenic lymphoid tissue contributed to the development of splenomegaly in portal hypertensive patients and rats. Intriguingly, splenomegaly developed time-dependently in portal hypertensive rat that accompanied with progressive activation of mTOR signaling pathway. mTOR blockade by rapamycin profoundly ameliorated splenomegaly by limiting lymphocytes proliferation, angiogenesis, fibrogenesis and inflammation as well as decreasing portal pressure. CONCLUSIONS This study provides compelling evidence indicating that mTOR signaling activation pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of splenomegaly in both portal hypertensive patients and rats. Therapeutic intervention targeting mTOR could be a promising strategy for patients with portal hypertension and splenomegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyang Chen
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijie Wang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huakai Wang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjian Li
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minmin Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiqi Yan
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Romano A, Hou X, Sertorio M, Dessein H, Cabantous S, Oliveira P, Li J, Oyegue S, Arnaud V, Luo X, Chavanieu M, Mariani O, Sastre X, Dombey AM, He H, Li Y, Dessein A. FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells in Hepatic Fibrosis and Splenomegaly Caused by Schistosoma japonicum: The Spleen May Be a Major Source of Tregs in Subjects with Splenomegaly. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004306. [PMID: 26731721 PMCID: PMC4701139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosoma eggs cause chronic liver inflammation and a complex disease characterized by hepatic fibrosis (HF) and splenomegaly (SplM). FOXP3+ Tregs could regulate inflammation, but it is unclear where these cells are produced and what roles they play in human schistosomiasis. We investigated blood and spleen FOXP3+ Tregs in Chinese fishermen with lifelong exposure to Schistosoma japonicum and various degrees of liver and spleen disease. FOXP3+ Tregs accounted for 4.3% of CD4+ T cells and 41.2% of FOXP3+CD4+ T cells; they could be divided into CD45RA-FOXP3hi effector (eTregs) and CD45RA+FOXP3low naive Tregs. Blood Treg levels were high in severe HF (+1.3; p = 0.004) and in SplM (+1.03, p = 0.03). Multivariate regression showed that severe HF (+0.85, p = 0.01) and SplM (+0.97; p = 0.05) were independently associated with the higher proportion of Tregs in the blood. This effect was mostly due to an increase in the proportion of eTregs in the blood of HF+++ (+0.9%; p = 0.04) and SplM (+0.9%; p = 0.04) patients. The proportion of eTregs expressing CXCR3 in the blood was lower in the HF+++ patients (37.4 +/- 5.9%) than in those with milder fibrosis (51.7 ± 2%; p = 0.009), whereas proportion were similar for cells expressing CD25hi, CCR7, and CTLA-4. Splenectomy improves symptoms and was associated with decreases in blood FOXP3+ Treg (-2.5; p<0.001) and eTreg (-1.3; p = 0.03) levels. SplM spleens contained a high proportion of eTregs with CXCR3, CCR5 and CTLA4 upregulation and CCR7 downregulation. This, and the strong expression of ligands of CXCR3 and CCR5 in the liver (n = 8) but not in the spleen suggested that spleen eTregs migrated to Th1-infiltrated liver tissues. Such migration may be attenuated in hepatosplenic patients due to lower levels of CXCR3 expression on Tregs (p = 0.009). Thus, higher blood Treg levels are associated with severe liver disease and splenomegaly. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that the spleen is a major source of Tregs in subjects with splenomegaly. In most cases, Tregs migrate to the Th1-infiltrated liver and the lower levels of CXCR3+ Tregs in the blood of patients with severe schistosomiasis suggest that decreases in Treg migration sites of inflammation may aggravate the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Romano
- INSERM, UMR-906, Marseille, France
- Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Xunya Hou
- Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yueyang, China
| | - Mathieu Sertorio
- INSERM, UMR-906, Marseille, France
- Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Hélia Dessein
- INSERM, UMR-906, Marseille, France
- Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Cabantous
- INSERM, UMR-906, Marseille, France
- Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Pablo Oliveira
- INSERM, UMR-906, Marseille, France
- Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Jun Li
- Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yueyang, China
| | - Sandrine Oyegue
- INSERM, UMR-906, Marseille, France
- Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Violaine Arnaud
- INSERM, UMR-906, Marseille, France
- Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Xinsong Luo
- Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yueyang, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Hongbin He
- Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yueyang, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yueyang, China
| | - Alain Dessein
- INSERM, UMR-906, Marseille, France
- Université Aix-Marseille, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
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Park S, Kim HY, Kim H, Park JH, Kim JH, Kim KH, Kim W, Choi IS, Jung YJ, Kim JS. Changes in Noninvasive Liver Fibrosis Indices and Spleen Size During Chemotherapy: Potential Markers for Oxaliplatin-Induced Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2454. [PMID: 26765438 PMCID: PMC4718264 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin-based regimens are standard treatments for the patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, owing to hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), the use of oxaliplatin sometimes results in splenomegaly. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between chemotherapy-associated changes of noninvasive liver fibrosis indices and volumetric changes of the spleen.From February 2004 to April 2014, patients with CRC or AGC receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy were studied. The possibility of SOS development was evaluated before and after the oxaliplatin exposure with splenic volume index (SVI). Four different noninvasive liver fibrosis indices were used for risk analysis, namely age-platelet index (API), AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), platelet-to-spleen ratio (PSR), and fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4).A total of 275 patients were eligible for evaluation: 200 patients had CRC and 75 patients had AGC. Using the cutoff of SVI increase ≥ 0.3, 113 patients (41.1%) were positive for splenomegaly. The changes of indices significantly correlated with SVI increase. Adjusted odds ratios for those indices were as follows: API = 1.16 (95% confidential interval [CI], 1.01-1.32; P = .03); APRI = 2.45 (95% CI, 1.30-4.63; P = .01); PSR = 0.69 (95% CI, 0.59-0.80; P < .01); and FIB-4 = 1.37 (95% CI, 1.16-1.63; P < .01). Optimal cutoff values with statistical significance were calculated and suggested.The changes of noninvasive liver fibrosis indices showed a good correlation with the increase in the spleen volume during oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. Validation of these indices for monitoring of oxaliplatin-induced hepatic SOS is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehhoon Park
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (SP), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul; Department of Internal Medicine (HYK, JHP, KHK, WK, ISC, YJJ, J-SK), Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul; Department of Pathology (HK), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam; and Department of Pathology (JHK), Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Duque-Afonso J, Smith KS, Cleary ML. Conditional Expression of E2A-HLF Induces B-Cell Precursor Death and Myeloproliferative-Like Disease in Knock-In Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143216. [PMID: 26588248 PMCID: PMC4654581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations are driver mutations of human cancers, particularly leukemias. They define disease subtypes and are used as prognostic markers, for minimal residual disease monitoring and therapeutic targets. Due to their low incidence, several translocations and their biological consequences remain poorly characterized. To address this, we engineered mouse strains that conditionally express E2A-HLF, a fusion oncogene from the translocation t(17;19) associated with 1% of pediatric B-cell precursor ALL. Conditional oncogene activation and expression were directed to the B-cell compartment by the Cre driver promoters CD19 or Mb1 (Igα, CD79a), or to the hematopoietic stem cell compartment by the Mx1 promoter. E2A-HLF expression in B-cell progenitors induced hyposplenia and lymphopenia, whereas expression in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells was embryonic lethal. Increased cell death was detected in E2A-HLF expressing cells, suggesting the need for cooperating genetic events that suppress cell death for B-cell oncogenic transformation. E2A-HLF/Mb1.Cre aged mice developed a fatal myeloproliferative-like disorder with low frequency characterized by leukocytosis, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly and organ-infiltration by mature myelocytes. In conclusion, we have developed conditional E2A-HLF knock-in mice, which provide an experimental platform to study cooperating genetic events and further elucidate translational biology in cross-species comparative studies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD19/genetics
- Antigens, CD19/metabolism
- Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism
- CD79 Antigens/genetics
- CD79 Antigens/metabolism
- Cell Death/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression
- Gene Knock-In Techniques
- Genetic Engineering
- Hepatomegaly/genetics
- Hepatomegaly/metabolism
- Hepatomegaly/pathology
- Humans
- Integrases/genetics
- Integrases/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Myxovirus Resistance Proteins/genetics
- Myxovirus Resistance Proteins/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid/metabolism
- Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid/pathology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Splenomegaly/genetics
- Splenomegaly/metabolism
- Splenomegaly/pathology
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Duque-Afonso
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin S. Smith
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Cleary
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Nishigori N, Matsumoto M, Koyama F, Hayakawa M, Hatakeyayama K, Ko S, Fujimura Y, Nakajima Y. von Willebrand Factor-Rich Platelet Thrombi in the Liver Cause Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome following Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143136. [PMID: 26580395 PMCID: PMC4651512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is widely used to treat advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) due to oxaliplatin is a serious type of chemotherapy-associated liver injury (CALI) in CRC patients. SOS is thought to be caused by the sinusoidal endothelial cell damage, which results in the release of unusually-large von Willebrand factor multimers (UL-VWFMs) from endothelial cells. To investigate the pathophysiology of CALI after oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, we analyzed plasma concentration of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and the distribution of VWFMs in CRC patients. Twenty-three patients with advanced CRC who received oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy with (n = 6) and without (n = 17) bevacizumab were analyzed. CALI (n = 6) and splenomegaly (n = 9) were found only in patients who did not treated with bevacizumab. Plasma VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels increased after chemotherapy only in patients without bevacizumab. VWFM analysis in patients who did not receive bevacizumab showed the presence of UL-VWFMs and absence of high molecular weight VWFMs during chemotherapy, especially in those with CALI. In addition, plasma VWF:Ag and AST levels increased after chemotherapy in patients with splenomegaly (n = 9), but not in patients without splenomegaly (n = 14). Histological findings in the liver tissue of patients who did not receive bevacizumab included sinusoidal dilatation and microthrombi in the sinusoids. Many microthrombi were positive for both anti-IIb/IIIa and anti-VWF antibodies. Plasma UL-VWFM levels might be increased by damage to endothelial cells as a result of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. Bevacizumab could prevent CALI and splenomegaly through inhibition of VWF-rich platelet thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Nishigori
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masanori Matsumoto
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Fumikazu Koyama
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masaki Hayakawa
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kinta Hatakeyayama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Saiho Ko
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fujimura
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Abstract
Significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) have recently been made. Improved distinction of HCL from its mimics though clinical presentations, morphologic and immunophenotypic features, and more recently molecular biology, has highlighted marked differences in treatment response and overall prognosis between these disorders. As our understanding of the unique pathobiology of HCL has grown, exciting new avenues of treatment as well as insight into immune function have been obtained. This review provides an overview of the clinical features and diagnostic attributes of HCL, with contrast to other mature B cell lymphoproliferative disorders with overlapping features.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Fatigue/diagnosis
- Fatigue/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Indoles/therapeutic use
- Leukemia, Hairy Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Hairy Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Hairy Cell/pathology
- Leukemia, Hairy Cell/surgery
- Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell/pathology
- Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell/surgery
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/surgery
- Male
- Mutation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics
- Sex Factors
- Splenectomy
- Splenomegaly/diagnosis
- Splenomegaly/pathology
- Splenomegaly/surgery
- Sulfonamides/therapeutic use
- Vemurafenib
- Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/diagnosis
- Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/drug therapy
- Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/pathology
- Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/surgery
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme R Quest
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - James B Johnston
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
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Sahyog JS. Letter from Ganiyari. Natl Med J India 2015; 28:251-252. [PMID: 27132960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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