1
|
Wuni R, Lakshmipriya N, Abirami K, Ventura EF, Anjana RM, Sudha V, Shobana S, Unnikrishnan R, Krishnaswamy K, Vimaleswaran KS, Mohan V. Higher Intake of Dairy Is Associated with Lower Cardiometabolic Risks and Metabolic Syndrome in Asian Indians. Nutrients 2022; 14:3699. [PMID: 36145074 PMCID: PMC9503034 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence about the association between dairy products and cardiometabolic risk (CMR). We aimed to assess the association of total dairy intake with CMR factors and to investigate the association of unfermented and fermented dairy intake with CMR in Asian Indians who are known to have greater susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases compared to white Europeans. The study comprised 1033 Asian Indian adults with normal glucose tolerance chosen from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated open-ended semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was diagnosed based on the new harmonising criteria using central obesity, dyslipidaemia [low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and increased serum triglycerides (TG)], hypertension and glucose intolerance. Increased consumption of dairy (≥5 cups per day of total, ≥4 cups per day of unfermented or ≥2 cups per day of fermented dairy) was associated with a lower risk of high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [hazards ratio (HR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68, 0.48−0.96 for total dairy; 0.57, 0.34−0.94 for unfermented dairy; and 0.64, 0.46−0.90 for fermented dairy; p < 0.05 for all] compared to a low dairy intake (≤1.4 cups per day of total dairy; ≤1 cup per day of unfermented dairy; and ≤0.1 cup per day of fermented dairy). A total dairy intake of ≥5 cups per day was also protective against high blood pressure (BP) (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43−0.99, p < 0.05), low HDL (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.43−0.92, p < 0.05) and MS (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.51−0.98, p < 0.05) compared to an intake of ≤1.4 cups per day. A high unfermented dairy intake (≥4 cups per day) was also associated with a lower risk of high body mass index (BMI) (HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.31−0.88, p < 0.05) compared to a low intake (≤1 cup per day), while a reduced risk of MS was observed with a fermented dairy intake of ≥2 cups per day (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.51−0.98, p < 0.05) compared to an intake of ≤0.1 cup per day. In summary, increased consumption of dairy was associated with a lower risk of MS and components of CMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Nagarajan Lakshmipriya
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Kuzhandaivelu Abirami
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Eduard Flores Ventura
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudha
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Shanmugam Shobana
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Ranjit Unnikrishnan
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Kamala Krishnaswamy
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
- The Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Chennai 600086, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alathari BE, Bodhini D, Jayashri R, Lakshmipriya N, Shanthi Rani CS, Sudha V, Lovegrove JA, Anjana RM, Mohan V, Radha V, Pradeepa R, Vimaleswaran KS. A Nutrigenetic Approach to Investigate the Relationship between Metabolic Traits and Vitamin D Status in an Asian Indian Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1357. [PMID: 32397403 PMCID: PMC7285077 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in Asian Indians have examined the association of metabolic traits with vitamin D status. However, findings have been quite inconsistent. Hence, we aimed to explore the relationship between metabolic traits and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations. We investigate whether this relationship was modified by lifestyle factors using a nutrigenetic approach in 545 Asian Indians randomly selected from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (219 normal glucose tolerant individuals, 151 with pre-diabetes and 175 individuals with type 2 diabetes). A metabolic genetic risk score (GRS) was developed using five common metabolic disease-related genetic variants. There was a significant interaction between metabolic GRS and carbohydrate intake (energy%) on 25(OH)D (Pinteraction = 0.047). Individuals consuming a low carbohydrate diet (≤62%) and those having lesser number of metabolic risk alleles (GRS ≤ 1) had significantly higher levels of 25(OH)D (p = 0.033). Conversely, individuals consuming a high carbohydrate diet despite having lesser number of risk alleles did not show a significant increase in 25(OH)D (p = 0.662). In summary, our findings show that individuals carrying a smaller number of metabolic risk alleles are likely to have higher 25(OH)D levels if they consume a low carbohydrate diet. These data support the current dietary carbohydrate recommendations of 50%-60% energy suggesting that reduced metabolic genetic risk increases 25(OH)D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Buthaina E. Alathari
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK; (B.E.A.); (J.A.L.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, PO Box 14281, AlFaiha 72853, Kuwait
| | - Dhanasekaran Bodhini
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 603103, India; (D.B.); (V.R.)
| | - Ramamoorthy Jayashri
- Department of Biochemistry, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India;
| | - Nagarajan Lakshmipriya
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (V.S.)
| | | | - Vasudevan Sudha
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (V.S.)
| | - Julie A. Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK; (B.E.A.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan′s Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India; (R.M.A.); (V.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan′s Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India; (R.M.A.); (V.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Venkatesan Radha
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 603103, India; (D.B.); (V.R.)
| | - Rajendra Pradeepa
- Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan′s Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India; (R.M.A.); (V.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Karani S. Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK; (B.E.A.); (J.A.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ayyappa KA, Shatwan I, Bodhini D, Bramwell LR, Ramya K, Sudha V, Anjana RM, Lovegrove JA, Mohan V, Radha V, Vimaleswaran KS. High fat diet modifies the association of lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphism with high density lipoprotein cholesterol in an Asian Indian population. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017; 14:8. [PMID: 28115978 PMCID: PMC5247808 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in lipoprotein lipase gene (LPL) have been shown to influence metabolism related to lipid phenotypes. Dietary factors have been shown to modify the association between LPL SNPs and lipids; however, to date, there are no studies in South Asians. Hence, we tested for the association of four common LPL SNPs with plasma lipids and examined the interactions between the SNPs and dietary factors on lipids in 1,845 Asian Indians. Methods The analysis was performed in 788 Type 2 diabetes cases and 1,057 controls randomly chosen from the cross-sectional Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study. Serum triacylglycerol (TAG), serum total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured using a Hitachi-912 autoanalyzer (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany). Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The SNPs (rs1121923, rs328, rs4922115 and rs285) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion and 20% of samples were sequenced to validate the genotypes obtained. Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows version 22.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL) was used for statistical analysis. Results After correction for multiple testing and adjusting for potential confounders, SNPs rs328 and rs285 showed association with HDL-C (P = 0.0004) and serum TAG (P = 1×10−5), respectively. The interaction between SNP rs1121923 and fat intake (energy %) on HDL-C (P = 0.003) was also significant, where, among those who consumed a high fat diet (28.4 ± 2.5%), the T allele carriers (TT + XT) had significantly higher HDL-C concentrations (P = 0.0002) and 30% reduced risk of low HDL-C levels compared to the CC homozygotes. None of the interactions on other lipid traits were statistically significant. Conclusion Our findings suggest that individuals carrying T allele of the SNP rs1121923 have increased HDL-C levels when consuming a high fat diet compared to CC homozygotes. Our finding warrants confirmation in prospective studies and randomized controlled trials. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0155-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Ayyappa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Kallam Anji Reddy Centre, Plot no. 20, Golden Jubilee Biotech Park for Women Society, SIPCOT-IT PARK, Siruseri, Chennai 603 103 India.,Present Address: Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tanjore, India
| | - I Shatwan
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP UK.,Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Home Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - D Bodhini
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Kallam Anji Reddy Centre, Plot no. 20, Golden Jubilee Biotech Park for Women Society, SIPCOT-IT PARK, Siruseri, Chennai 603 103 India
| | - L R Bramwell
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP UK
| | - K Ramya
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Kallam Anji Reddy Centre, Plot no. 20, Golden Jubilee Biotech Park for Women Society, SIPCOT-IT PARK, Siruseri, Chennai 603 103 India
| | - V Sudha
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - R M Anjana
- Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India.,Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, Chennai, India
| | - J A Lovegrove
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP UK
| | - V Mohan
- Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India.,Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, Chennai, India
| | - V Radha
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Kallam Anji Reddy Centre, Plot no. 20, Golden Jubilee Biotech Park for Women Society, SIPCOT-IT PARK, Siruseri, Chennai 603 103 India
| | - K S Vimaleswaran
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vimaleswaran KS, Bodhini D, Lakshmipriya N, Ramya K, Anjana RM, Sudha V, Lovegrove JA, Kinra S, Mohan V, Radha V. Interaction between FTO gene variants and lifestyle factors on metabolic traits in an Asian Indian population. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:39. [PMID: 27274759 PMCID: PMC4891824 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity have been shown to modify the association between fat mass and obesity–associated (FTO) gene variants and metabolic traits in several populations; however, there are no gene-lifestyle interaction studies, to date, among Asian Indians living in India. In this study, we examined whether dietary factors and physical activity modified the association between two FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs8050136 and rs11076023) (SNPs) and obesity traits and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods The study included 734 unrelated T2D and 884 normal glucose-tolerant (NGT) participants randomly selected from the urban component of the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES). Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated interviewer administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Physical activity was based upon the self-report. Interaction analyses were performed by including the interaction terms in the linear/logistic regression model. Results There was a significant interaction between SNP rs8050136 and carbohydrate intake (% energy) (Pinteraction = 0.04), where the ‘A’ allele carriers had 2.46 times increased risk of obesity than those with ‘CC’ genotype (P = 3.0 × 10−5) among individuals in the highest tertile of carbohydrate intake (% energy, 71 %). A significant interaction was also observed between SNP rs11076023 and dietary fibre intake (Pinteraction = 0.0008), where individuals with AA genotype who are in the 3rd tertile of dietary fibre intake had 1.62 cm lower waist circumference than those with ‘T’ allele carriers (P = 0.02). Furthermore, among those who were physically inactive, the ‘A’ allele carriers of the SNP rs8050136 had 1.89 times increased risk of obesity than those with ‘CC’ genotype (P = 4.0 × 10−5). Conclusions This is the first study to provide evidence for a gene-diet and gene-physical activity interaction on obesity and T2D in an Asian Indian population. Our findings suggest that the association between FTO SNPs and obesity might be influenced by carbohydrate and dietary fibre intake and physical inactivity. Further understanding of how FTO gene influences obesity and T2D through dietary and exercise interventions is warranted to advance the development of behavioral intervention and personalised lifestyle strategies, which could reduce the risk of metabolic diseases in this Asian Indian population. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0098-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karani S Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Dhanasekaran Bodhini
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - N Lakshmipriya
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - K Ramya
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - R Mohan Anjana
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India ; Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India ; Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, Chennai, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudha
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Sanjay Kinra
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India ; Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India ; Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, Chennai, India
| | - Venkatesan Radha
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lev R, Petro S, Lee A, Lee O, Lucas J, Castillo EM, Egnatios J, Vilke GM. Methadone related deaths compared to all prescription related deaths. Forensic Sci Int 2015; 257:347-352. [PMID: 26513639 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methadone is increasingly implicated in unintentional overdose deaths. Despite major interventions, rates continue to remain high. One primary intervention, Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMP) are limited in their ability to impact this epidemic due to federal law restricting Opioid Treatment Programs (OTPs) from sharing data to PDMPs, despite being a major source of Methadone dispensing. METHODS This retrospective, observational study analyzed all prescription-related deaths occurring in San Diego County during the year 2013 with a specific focus on methadone-related deaths. All patients designated by medical examiner to have died by unintentional prescription were then referenced in the California PDMP, the Controlled Substance Utilization Review and Evaluation System (CURES). RESULTS As a whole, patients who died had a high number of average prescriptions, 21, and averaged 4.5 different providers, and three different pharmacies. Methadone-related deaths (MRD) accounted for 46 out of the 254 total patient deaths (18.1%). Methadone prescriptions were found in 14 patients with PDMP reports, 10 of who had methadone on toxicology report. Notably, 100% of methadone prescribed by primary care specialists. MRD patients were less likely to have toxicology reports matching PDMP data compared to other related drug deaths (20.6 vs. 61.2%, p<0.0001). Of the 46 methadone deaths, only 10 (29.4%) had prescriptions for methadone recorded in the database. Out of the 51 patients with only one drug recorded at death, methadone was most common (n=12; 23.5%). While all deaths had a notably high rate of chronic prescriptions at death (68.8% compared to 2% for all patients in CURES), there was no significant difference between MRD and other drug-related deaths (73.5 vs. 67.8%, p=0.68, respectively). MRD patients were less likely than other drug patients to have matching PDMP data without any illicit substance or alcohol (14.7 vs. 41.4%, p=0.003, respectively). CONCLUSION Methadone is a long-acting opioid that carries a higher risk profile than other opioids. In San Diego, the great majority of MRD had no data on methadone in the statewide PDMP database, bringing to question the restriction of OTP clinics from uploading information into the database. A risk-benefit analysis should be made to consider changing laws that would allow for OTP to input data into PDMP. OTP should make it standard of care to check PDMP data on their patients. Methadone prescribed for pain management should be limited to the most compliant patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roneet Lev
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Scripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Sean Petro
- University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ariella Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Scripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA; University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; San Diego County Medical Examiner's Office, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Oren Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Scripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA; University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; San Diego County Medical Examiner's Office, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Lucas
- San Diego County Medical Examiner's Office, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Edward M Castillo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Egnatios
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary M Vilke
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pradeepa R, Surendar J, Indulekha K, Chella S, Anjana RM, Mohan V. Association of serum adiponectin with diabetic microvascular complications among south Indian type 2 diabetic subjects - ( CURES-133). Clin Biochem 2014; 48:33-8. [PMID: 25445230 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association of serum adiponectin and microvascular complications of diabetes in an urban south Indian type 2 diabetic population. DESIGN AND METHODS Diabetic subjects [n=487] were included from Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES). Four-field stereo retinal color photography was done and diabetic retinopathy (DR) was classified as non-proliferative DR (NPDR) or proliferative DR (PDR) according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grading system. Sight threatening DR (STDR) was defined as the presence of NPDR with diabetic macular edema, and/or PDR. Neuropathy was diagnosed if vibratory perception threshold of the great toe using biothesiometry exceeded ≥20V. Nephropathy was diagnosed if urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was ≥30μg/mg creatinine. Serum total adiponectin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Subjects with any microvascular complications had significantly higher levels of adiponectin levels compared to those without the complications (geometric mean: 6.1 vs. 5.3μg/mL, p=0.004). The adiponectin level was significantly higher in subjects with DR (6.8 vs. 5.5μg/mL, p=0.004) and neuropathy (5.6 vs. 6.5μg/mL, p=0.024) compared to those without. Adiponectin levels were not significantly different in subjects with and without nephropathy. Serum adiponectin levels increased with the severity of DR [No DR - 5.5μg/mL; NPDR without DME - 6.5μg/mL; STDR - 8.3μg/mL, p=0.001]. Regression analysis revealed adiponectin to be associated with microvascular disease (presence of neuropathy and/or retinopathy and/or nephropathy) (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.01-2.06, p=0.049) even after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, HbA1c, diabetes of duration, serum cholesterol and triglycerides, hypertension and medication status. CONCLUSION In Asian Indians with type 2 diabetes, serum adiponectin levels are associated with microvascular complications and also with the severity of retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Pradeepa
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, IDF Centre of Education, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India
| | - J Surendar
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, IDF Centre of Education, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India
| | - K Indulekha
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, IDF Centre of Education, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India
| | - S Chella
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, IDF Centre of Education, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India
| | - R M Anjana
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, IDF Centre of Education, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India
| | - V Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, IDF Centre of Education, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India.
| |
Collapse
|