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Ghosh S, Antunes A, Rinta-Kokko H, Chaparova E, Lay-Flurrie S, Tricotel A, Andersson FL. Clostridioides difficile infections, recurrences, and clinical outcomes in real-world settings from 2015 to 2019: The RECUR England study. Int J Infect Dis 2024; 140:31-38. [PMID: 38185320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the epidemiological and clinical burden of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) and recurrences (rCDIs) in England. METHODS This retrospective study included adult patients diagnosed with CDI (community or hospital settings) over 2015-2019 from Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics databases. Incidences of CDI and rCDI were determined annually. Time to subsequent rCDI was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Rates of complications were assessed within 12 months from index episode. Association of risk factors with complications was evaluated using a Cox regression model. RESULTS A total of 52,443 CDI episodes were recorded among 36,913 patients. Of these, 75% were aged ≥65 years, 59% were women; 73% were treated in community settings. CDI incidence remained stable (111 episodes per 100,000 patients in 2019). Around 21% of patients had ≥1 rCDI. Sepsis (12%) was the most common complication, followed by colectomy and ulcerative colitis. Age, gender, comorbidities, rCDI, preindex medical procedures, hospitalizations and consultations, and CDI treatment in hospital, were found to increase the risk of complication. CONCLUSIONS CDI remains a concern in England. The study highlights the importance of managing primary and rCDI episodes via effective and improved therapies to prevent fatal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Ghosh
- College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ana Antunes
- IQVIA, Global Database Studies, Real World Solutions, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Hanna Rinta-Kokko
- IQVIA, Global Database Studies, Real World Solutions, Espoo, Finland
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Al-Bluwi N, Agha R, Shukla A, Zeidan RK, AlZubaidi H, Awad M, Hussein A, Abdelbagi M, AlSayed K, Alebaji MB, Shaheen M, Salameh L, Mahboub B, Elkhodary H, Bendardaf R, Mohammed G, Wardat D, Al-Hano Z, Amara HI, Alhajjaj MS, Hamid Q, Halwani R, Saddik B. Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics Associated with COVID-19 Severity Among Hospitalized Patients in the United Arab Emirates: A Retrospective Multicentre Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024:10.1007/s44197-024-00206-8. [PMID: 38407717 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical and epidemiological factors associated with severe COVID-19 cases in hospitalized patients across two emirates within the United Arab Emirates (UAE). METHODS A retrospective observational analytical study analysed data from 738 medical records and conducted 573 in-depth interviews with patients hospitalized across multiple healthcare centers in the UAE, between 29 January 2020 and 14 October 2021. Regression analysis predicted risk factors for COVID-19 severity. RESULTS Main risk factors identified were crowding (aOR 1.919; 95%CI 1.144, 3.221), obesity (aOR 2.383; 95%CI 1.332, 4.263), diabetes (aOR 11.14; 95%CI 2.653-46.797), severe dehydration (aOR 3.219; 95%CI 2.161, 4.795), cough or sore throat (aOR 1.607; 95%CI 1.032, 2.502), shortness of breath (aOR 1.921; 95%CI 1.294, 2.853), increased days from symptom onset to admission (aOR 1.055; 95%CI 1.006, 1.105), elevated ANC (aOR 1.263, 95%CI 1.121, 1.424), and AST/SGOT (aOR 1.055, 95% CI 1.016, 1.095). Protective factors included smoking (aOR 0.367; 95%CI 0.182, 0.740), first dose of COVID-19 vaccination (aOR 0.595; 95%CI 0.377, 0.93), higher oxygen saturation (aOR 0.853; 95%CI: 0.801, 0.907) and elevated ALC (aOR 0.540; 95%CI 0.323, 0.905). CONCLUSION Identifying risk factors is crucial for high-risk individuals who may require closer monitoring to improve their outcomes. This can provide guidance for surveillance systems and early detection strategies to mitigate the impact of future outbreaks.
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Grants
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
- 150389 Clinical Epidemiology Research Group operational Grant, University of Sharjah UAE
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Affiliation(s)
- Najlaa Al-Bluwi
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Razan Agha
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ankita Shukla
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rouba Karen Zeidan
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamzah AlZubaidi
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- School of Medicine, Deakin Rural Health, Deakin University Faculty of Health, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | - Manal Awad
- Department of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box No 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Hussein
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muzan Abdelbagi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Al Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled AlSayed
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Al Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamad B Alebaji
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Al Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Laila Salameh
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam Mahboub
- Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Riyad Bendardaf
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghada Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dima Wardat
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zahraa Al-Hano
- Epidemiology Unit, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hajir I Amara
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Saleh Alhajjaj
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basema Saddik
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- School of Population Health, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia.
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Mullineaux ST, McKinley JM, Marks NJ, Doherty R, Scantlebury DM. A nose for trouble: ecotoxicological implications for climate change and disease in Saiga antelope (S. t. tatarica). Environ Geochem Health 2024; 46:93. [PMID: 38367154 PMCID: PMC10874336 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01874-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, Saiga antelope (Saiga t. tatarica) mass die-offs have become more common. The mass die-off of 2015 in central Kazakhstan, recorded 140,000 individual deaths across multiple herds. Previously, research has shown atmospheric humidity, the bacterium Pasteurella multocida serotype B, and resultant haemorrhagic septicaemia, were the primary cause. However, other synergistic factors may have impacted this process. Here we use a multivariate compositional data analysis (CoDA) approach to assess what other factors may have been involved. We show a pollutant linkage mechanism where relative humidity and dewpoint temperature combine with environmental pollutants, potentially toxic elements (e.g., Hg, As), complex carbon compounds (e.g., Acetone, Toluene), and inorganic compounds (e.g., CHx, SO2) which affected the Saiga during the calving season (start and peak) and at the onset of the mass die-off. We suggest a mechanism for this process. Upon arrival at their carving grounds, the Saiga experienced a sudden precipitation event, a spike in temperatures, and resultant high humidity occurs. The infectious bacterium P. multocida serotype B then spreads. Further, environmental pollutants contained within steppe soils are released to the air, forming localised smog events, these synergistically combine, and mass die-off occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Mullineaux
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - J M McKinley
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - N J Marks
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - R Doherty
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - D M Scantlebury
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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Single A, Alcolado G, Keough MT, Mota N. Cannabis use and social anxiety disorder in emerging adulthood: Results from a nationally representative sample. J Anxiety Disord 2024; 101:102808. [PMID: 38061325 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Cannabis use and social anxiety disorder (SAD) are prevalent during emerging adulthood. Previous work has demonstrated that SAD is related to cannabis use in adults; however, less is known about what correlates relate to this association in emerging adults. A subsample of individuals ages 18-25 years old from the NESARC-III (N = 5194) was used to (a) evaluate the association between cannabis use and SAD and (b) examine what correlates may be associated with cannabis use and SAD in emerging adulthood. Weighted cross-tabulations assessed sociodemographics and lifetime psychiatric disorder prevalence estimates among the emerging adult sample. Multinomial logistic regressions examined associations between sociodemographics and psychiatric disorders and four groups (i.e., no cannabis use or SAD; cannabis use only; SAD only; cannabis use + SAD). The prevalence of co-occurring cannabis use and SAD was 1.10%. Being White, a part-time student, or not a student were associated with increased odds of having co-occurring cannabis use + SAD (OR range: 2.26-3.09). Significant associations also emerged between major depressive disorder, bipolar I disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, agoraphobia, and panic disorder and co-occurring cannabis use + SAD (AOR range: 3.03-19.05). Results of this study may have implications for better identifying and screening emerging adults who are at risk of co-occurring cannabis use and SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Single
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, 190 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Gillian Alcolado
- Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3N4, Canada
| | - Matthew T Keough
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele St., North York, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Natalie Mota
- Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3N4, Canada
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Ibrahim R, Sakr L, Lewis JA, Kim RY, Benn BS, Low SW. Social vulnerability and lung malignancy mortality. J Cancer Policy 2023; 38:100453. [PMID: 37977216 PMCID: PMC10731466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2023.100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is a major cause of death in the United States. Social determinants of health (SDOH) are important factors that impact the treatment and prognosis of lung cancer. The social vulnerability index (SVI) is a validated measure of SDOH. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of the SVI on lung cancer mortality using descriptive epidemiology. METHODS Mortality data for lung malignancies from 2014 to 2018 was obtained from the CDC database and was age-adjusted and standardized to the population in the year 2000. The SVI for the same years was obtained from the CDC Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry database. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) were estimated for each SVI quartile (SVI-Q) and demographic subgroup. RESULTS We found that counties in SVI-Q4 (most vulnerable) had a higher cumulative AAMR compared to counties in SVI-Q1 (least vulnerable), accounting for a 4.48 excess death rate per 100,000 person-years. AAMR among males in SVI-Q4 was higher compared to SVI-Q1, accounting for a 9.96 excess death rate per 100,000 person-years, whereas no mortality differences were observed for female populations between SVI-Q4 and SVI-Q1. AAMR in SVI-Q4 was higher for both Hispanic and non-Hispanic populations, except for American Indian/Alaska Native populations. Similar trends were observed in both metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the SVI may play a significant role in lung cancer mortality and highlights the need for interventions targeting vulnerable populations to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona - Banner University Medical Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lewjain Sakr
- Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer A Lewis
- Veterans Health Administration-Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) and Medicine Service, Nashville, TN, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Ave, Suite 1200, Nashville, TN 37203, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Clinical Quality and Implementation Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Roger Y Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bryan S Benn
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - See-Wei Low
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Su B, Talifu Z, Feng L. Epidemiological Shifts in Infectious Diseases in China: Implications and Policy Recommendations. China CDC Wkly 2023; 5:948-951. [PMID: 38026098 PMCID: PMC10646164 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2023.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, China has experienced significant alterations in its landscape of infectious diseases, with noteworthy reductions in historically prevalent illnesses such as tuberculosis and viral hepatitis. At the same time, emerging pathogens like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Influenza A virus subtype H7N9 (H7N9), and SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pose new challenges. These epidemiological shifts, fueled by fast economic development, urbanization, modifications in the healthcare system, and an aging population, present considerable obstacles to the country's public health infrastructure and policy frameworks. This article provides a comprehensive review of these changes, underscoring the driving forces behind them and the resultant impact on health policy and infrastructure. It stresses the challenges and calls for an intensification of surveillance efforts, the establishment of collaborative partnerships both nationally and internationally, the encouragement of worldwide cooperation, and the reinforcement of public health education as pivotal strategies for managing China's changing spectrum of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zuliyaer Talifu
- Department of Population Health and Aging Sciences, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Luzhao Feng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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7
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Bürgin D, Clemens V, Witt A, Sachser C, Jud A, Brähler E, Strauß B, Petrowski K, Schmid M, Fegert JM. Adverse childhood experiences increase the risk for low perceived social participation and health-related quality of life in a large-scale population-based study in Germany. Child Abuse Negl 2023; 144:106382. [PMID: 37527561 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are highly prevalent and increase the risk for long-term adverse health outcomes. Next to well-known ACE-associated risks for morbidity, recent research is increasingly invested in exploring pathways towards health, overall functioning, and partaking in society following early adversity. OBJECTIVES Thus, this study aims to assess the association between latent classes of ACEs with perceived social participation and health-related Quality of Life (QoL) in a large population-based sample and to explore potential moderators of these associations. METHOD A representative sample of the German population (N = 2531; Mage = 48.7; 51 % women) was cross-sectionally investigated for ACEs, social participation (KsT-5), and health-related QoL (EuroQol-5D-5L). Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was performed to derive groups with similar ACE patterns. Multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the association of latent classes of ACEs with social participation and health-related QoL and to explore potential moderators. RESULTS Four distinct latent classes of ACEs were identified; "no/low ACEs" (N = 1968, 77.8 %); "household-dysfunction" (N = 259, 10.2 %), "child abuse and neglect" (N = 188, 7.4 %), and "polyadversity" (N = 116, 4.6 %). Compared to participants in the no/low ACE class, those in the ACE-exposed classes showed overall lower levels of perceived social participation and health-related QoL. The polyadversity class showed lower levels of social participation compared to the two other ACE-exposed classes. Chronic stress, living with a partner, education, current job/educational involvement, and gender were found to moderate these associations in exploratory analyses. CONCLUSIONS This study shows people exposed to ACEs to have a higher risk for lower perceived social participation and lower health-related QoL - an increased risk, however, is not a deterministic uninventable fortune. Reduction of chronic stress, fostering of social support, and educational and vocational paths as interventional targets are discussed to enable those with precarious starting conditions to partake in society.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bürgin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany; University Psychiatric Hospitals, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Vera Clemens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Witt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cedric Sachser
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Jud
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Competence Center Child Abuse and Neglect in Medicine Baden-Wurttemberg com.can, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases-Behavioral Medicine, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Strauß
- Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Katja Petrowski
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Clinic of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marc Schmid
- University Psychiatric Hospitals, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Research Department (UPKKJ), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg M Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Competence Center Child Abuse and Neglect in Medicine Baden-Wurttemberg com.can, Ulm, Germany
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Lin T, Hu J, Lin J, Chen J, Wen Q. Epidemiological investigation of the status of myopia in children and adolescents in Fujian Province in 2020. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2023; 67:335-345. [PMID: 37093364 PMCID: PMC10123474 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-023-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The 2020 epidemiological investigation of myopia in children and adolescents in Fujian Province' aimed to provide reference guidelines for the prevention and control of myopia. The purpose of the present study was to address shortfalls in the epidemiological survey of myopia in Fujian and provide a basis for government decision making. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional and epidemiological investigation METHODS: Based on their levels of economic development and other economic factors, three cities in Fujian Province (Fuzhou, Xiamen, Longyan) were chosen through cluster random sampling and epidemiological investigation. Final analysis included 41,906 cases. Examinations including visual acuity and mydriatic optometry were performed on all subjects. RESULTS The overall proportion of myopia was 63.35% in boys and 70.55% in girls living in Fujian in 2020. The proportions of myopia in Xiamen and Longyan were similar; both cities showed a higher proportion of myopic cases than Fuzhou. The proportion of girls with myopia was higher than boys. The proportion of primary and middle school students with myopia was higher in economically developed regions compared with underdeveloped regions. The proportion of urban students with myopia was higher than in suburban students. Analysis showed that the prevalence of myopia increased with age. Interestingly, the prevalence of myopia was higher in children born in June and August than in children born in other months. CONCLUSION Children and adolescents in Fujian have a high rate of myopia which increases as the school grade increases. The better the economic conditions are, the higher the myopic rate. In addition, the myopic rate is higher in girls in and students born in June and August. The government, schools, hospitals, and parents should be alerted to this issue and coordinate to control the risk of myopia exacerbation and improve eyesight conditions of students in Fujian Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainan Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Governmental Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhang Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinhua Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Governmental Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Provincial Governmental Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Aprigio J, de Castro CML, Lima MAC, Ribeiro MG, Orioli IM, Amorim MR. Mothers of children with Down syndrome: a clinical and epidemiological study. J Community Genet 2022. [PMID: 36562914 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-022-00627-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome is the main genetic cause of intellectual disability. Many studies describe the clinical characteristics of DS patients; however, few have investigated the clinical profile of mothers who have children with DS. Advanced maternal age (≥ 35 years old) is a risk factor for DS. Although there is an overall increase in pregnancies among women with advanced maternal age, there is still a lack of awareness of the increased risk of aneuploidy. Here, we reported the clinical and epidemiological profile of DS children and their mothers in a public reference hospital in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. For data collection, we performed a face-to-face interview guided by a structured questionnaire with closed-ended questions. A total of 344 individuals, 172 mothers and their DS children, were included in this study. Our results show that 56% of the mothers sampled were ≥ 35 years of age at childbirth. Although 98% of them received prenatal care, only 4% obtained a prenatal diagnosis of DS. Most mothers reported not drinking alcohol or smoking cigarettes during pregnancy. Furthermore, 91% of women took prenatal vitamins and supplements; however, 47% were not aware of their benefits for a healthy pregnancy. Given the strict correlation between advanced maternal age and DS, prenatal care should include genetic counseling for women over 35 years of age. This study highlights the importance of prenatal care and the urgent need for better DS screening allowing for immediate postnatal care, positively impacting the life expectancy of these patients.
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10
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Huang WJ, Cheng YH, Tan MJ, Liu J, Li XY, Zeng XX, Tang J, Wei HJ, Chen T, Yang L, Xie YR, Yang JY, Xiao N, Wang DY. Epidemiological and virological surveillance of influenza viruses in China during 2020-2021. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:74. [PMID: 35768826 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-01002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, seasonal influenza activity declined globally and remained below previous seasonal levels, but intensified in China since 2021. Preventive measures to COVID-19 accompanied by different epidemic characteristics of influenza in different regions of the world. To better respond to influenza outbreaks under the COVID-19 pandemic, we analyzed the epidemiology, antigenic and genetic characteristics, and antiviral susceptibility of influenza viruses in the mainland of China during 2020–2021. Methods Respiratory specimens from influenza like illness cases were collected by sentinel hospitals and sent to network laboratories in Chinese National Influenza Surveillance Network. Antigenic mutation analysis of influenza virus isolates was performed by hemagglutination inhibition assay. Next-generation sequencing was used for genetic analyses. We also conducted molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of circulating influenza viruses. Viruses were tested for resistance to antiviral medications using phenotypic and/or sequence-based methods. Results In the mainland of China, influenza activity recovered in 2021 compared with that in 2020 and intensified during the traditional influenza winter season, but it did not exceed the peak in previous years. Almost all viruses isolated during the study period were of the B/Victoria lineage and were characterized by genetic diversity, with the subgroup 1A.3a.2 viruses currently predominated. 37.8% viruses tested were antigenically similar to reference viruses representing the components of the vaccine for the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 Northern Hemisphere influenza seasons. In addition, China has a unique subgroup of 1A.3a.1 viruses. All viruses tested were sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors and endonuclease inhibitors, except two B/Victoria lineage viruses identified to have reduced sensitivity to neuraminidase inhibitors. Conclusions Influenza activity increased in the mainland of China in 2021, and caused flu season in the winter of 2021–2022. Although the diversity of influenza (sub)type decreases, B/Victoria lineage viruses show increased genetic and antigenic diversity. The world needs to be fully prepared for the co-epidemic of influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus globally. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40249-022-01002-x.
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Lopes LR, Miranda VA, Goes RA, Souza GG, Souza GR, Rocha JC, Cossich VR, Perini JA. Repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on athletes: a cross-sectional study. Biol Sport 2021; 38:703-11. [PMID: 34937981 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.106147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges and implications for the sports community. Thus, this study aimed to describe the prevalence of COVID-19 in Brazilian athletes and identify the epidemiological, clinical, athletic, life and health factors associated with the disease in these individuals. A cross-sectional study was performed involving 414 athletes from 22 different sports using an online questionnaire from August to November 2020. The association between the athletes’ characteristics and COVID-19 was evaluated using a logistic regression model. The prevalence of COVID-19 was 8.5%, although only 40% of athletes reported having been tested. Being under 27 years of age (3-fold), having children (~5-fold), having a teammate test positive for COVID-19 (2.5-fold), and smoking (14-fold) were associated with a possible higher risk of disease. Almost 20% of athletes self-reported musculoskeletal injuries during the period of the pandemic that was studied. Athletes with a university education (P = 0.02), a profession other than sports (P < 0.001), those from a low-income family (P = 0.01), and public health system users (P = 0.04) were significantly less frequently tested for COVID-19, whereas international competitors, athletes who received a wage, and athletes who had a teammate who tested positive for COVID-19 were 2-, 3-, and 15-fold more likely to be tested for COVID-19, respectively. Approximately 26% of the athletes who tested negative or were untested reported more than three characteristic COVID-19 symptoms, and 11% of athletes who tested positive for COVID-19 were asymptomatic. The identification of modifiable (have children, smoking, and teammates positively tested) and non-modifiable (age under 27 years) factors related to COVID-19 in athletes can contribute to implementing surveillance programmes to decrease the incidence of COVID-19 in athletes and its negative impacts in sports.
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Sleeswijk Visser TSO, van Es EM, Meuffels DE, Verhaar JAN, de Vos RJ. Standardized pain mapping for diagnosing Achilles tendinopathy. J Sci Med Sport 2021; 25:204-208. [PMID: 34753666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the level of agreement between patient-reported pain using a standardized pain map and the physician-determined clinical diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Eligible patients were adults visiting a sports physician for symptoms in the Achilles tendon region. Patients completed a digital questionnaire and indicated one location on a pain map where they experienced their pain. The primary outcome measure was level of agreement (% and Kappa coefficient) between patient-reported pain on the pain map and the physician-determined clinical diagnosis (defined as localized pain associated with tendon-loading activities and pain on palpation with or without tendon thickening). The secondary outcome measure was the agreement between the location on the pain map (midportion/insertional region) with the clinical diagnosis of midportion/insertional Achilles tendinopathy. RESULTS 110 patients (mean (SD) age 48 (13), 61% men) with pain in the Achilles region were included. In 102 (93%, Kappa = 0.86, CI 0.78-0.95) patients who indicated pain in the Achilles tendon region on the pain map, the clinical diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy was made by the sports physician. 82% of the patients had the clinical diagnosis of tendinopathy in the specific region of the tendon they marked on the pain map (Kappa = 0.67, CI 0.54-0.79). CONCLUSIONS There is almost perfect agreement between patient-reported pain on a pain map and a physician-established clinical diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy. There was substantial agreement between the localization of the pain that was selected by the patient and the diagnosis of insertional/midportion Achilles tendinopathy by the physician. This tool could potentially aid in adequate triage for specialized care and for researchers performing large epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjerk S O Sleeswijk Visser
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Eline M van Es
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Duncan E Meuffels
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A N Verhaar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Robert-Jan de Vos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands.
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Liu HT, Zheng BN, Guo JY, Mo QY, Lin QH. [A retrospective investigation of new cases of pneumoconiosis from 1958 to 2018 in Guangzhou City]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2021; 39:779-782. [PMID: 34727662 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200601-00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To describe the characteristics and the survival status of pneumoconiosis cases reported in Guangzhou City from 1958 to 2018, and to investigate the epidemiological trends of pneumoconiosis. This study is aiming to provide basic data for formulating the guidelines and policies for control of pneumoconiosis, and for evaluating the control effects of pneumoconiosis. Methods: From July 2019 to January 2020, based on the data collected in the pneumoconiosis case cards and database as well as the retrospective follow-up investigate of pneumoconiosis cases, we conducted a descriptive analysis for all the new cases of pneumoconiosis reported from 1958 to 2018 in Guangzhou City. The statistical indices included the number of new pneumoconiosis cases in each decade, types of pneumoconiosis, regional and industrial distributions, survival status, and the change tendency of the diagnosis age and the dust exposure time of pneumoconiosis cases. Results: From 1958 to 2018, a total of 1194 new cases of pneumoconiosis were reported in Guangzhou City, including 1147 males (96.1%) and 47 females (3.9%) . Silicosis (60.1%, 718/1194) and welder's pneumoconiosis (21.5%, 257/1194) were the main types of pneumoconiosis. The top three districts for reporting new cases were Huangpu District (29.0%, 346/1194) , Nansha District (12.6%, 151/1194) and Baiyun District (11.1%, 132/1194) , respectively. The top three industries for reporting new cases were civil engineering construction industry (25.0%, 298/1194) , railway ship aerospace and other transportation equipment manufacturing industry (16.1%, 192/1194) and non-metal mining industry (15.7%, 187/1194) . The diagnosis age for new cases was 47.8 (23.6-79.1) years old, and the dust exposure time was 12.3 (0.4-49.1) years. Both of these two statistical indicators rose first and fell later from 1958 to 2018. As of December 31, 2019, a total of 963 new cases of pneumoconiosis were followed up, of which 467 (48.5%) survived, mainly silicosis (41.3%, 193/467) and welder's pneumoconiosis (43.3%, 203/467) . 496 cases (51.5%) died, and the age of death was 69.9 (32.4-96.9) years old. Conclusion: According to the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Guangzhou, we should focus on key districts and industries in the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis. Besides, the staffs in the occupational disease diagnosis institutions should try the best to collect the complete dust exposure data of new cases of pneumoconiosis. Moreover, the health administrative departments should pay more attention to the management of pneumoconiosis death case reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Liu
- Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - B N Zheng
- Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - J Y Guo
- Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Q Y Mo
- Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Q H Lin
- Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Guangzhou 510620, China
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Jing L, Tian Y, Ren G, Zhang L, Shi L, Dai D, Xing L, Liu S. Epidemiological features of hypertension among ischemic survivors in Northeast China: insights from a population-based study, 2017-2019. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1648. [PMID: 34503467 PMCID: PMC8427863 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11692-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension remains the major modifiable risk factor of stroke recurrence. The study aimed to determine the up-to-date epidemiological features of hypertension among the survivors of ischemic stroke. METHODS Our cross-sectional study included 18,796 adults aged ≥40 years and residing in northeast China. Ischemic stroke was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization's criteria, which requires the clinical record, computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during the hospital stay. Hypertension was defined according to the Chinese hypertension guidelines (mean SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or mean DBP ≥90 mmHg, and/or self-reported use of anti-hypertensive medication in the past 2 weeks). RESULTS Of the 986 survivors of ischemic stroke, 819 (83.1%) were identified with hypertension (535 were pre-stroke hypertension and 284 were post-stroke hypertension). Among hypertensive patients, the awareness and treatment rates were 76.8 and 66.7% respectively. Only 11.0% achieved an appropriate blood pressure (< 140 mmHg and < 90 mmHg) among those who took hypertensive medications. 16.8% of treated hypertensive patients received combination therapy, and calcium channel blockers were the most frequently used anti-hypertensive medication as monotherapy. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the stroke population was 155.3 ± 22.9 mmHg and 89.2 ± 12.3 mmHg. Both SBP and DBP were higher in rural patients than in urban patients (158.5 ± 23.8 mmHg vs. 146.4 ± 17.5 mmHg and 90.3 ± 12.9 mmHg vs. 85.9 ± 10.1 mmHg, respectively; p < 0.001). The rates of stage 2 and above hypertension in the ischemic stroke population were 32.5 and 18.7%, and was significantly higher in rural areas than in urban areas. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of poorly-controlled hypertension and the high rates of blood pressures at stages 2 and above in patients with prior ischemic stroke demonstrated an alarming situation in northeast China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jing
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Chronic Diseases Control, Disease Control and Prevention of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanmeng Tian
- Department of Chronic Diseases Control, Disease Control and Prevention of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guocheng Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Central hospital of Chao Yang City, Chaoyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Chronic Diseases Control, Disease Control and Prevention of Liao Yang City, Liaoyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dong Dai
- Department of Chronic Diseases Control, Disease Control and Prevention of Dan Dong City, Dandong, Liaoning, China
| | - Liying Xing
- Department of Chronic Diseases Control, Disease Control and Prevention of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Santos E, Rocha AL, Oliveira V, Ferro D, Samões R, Sousa AP, Figueiroa S, Mendonça T, Abreu P, Guimarães J, Sousa R, Melo C, Correia I, Durães J, Sousa L, Ferreira J, de Sá J, Sousa F, Sequeira M, Correia AS, André AL, Basílio C, Arenga M, Mendes I, Marques IB, Perdigão S, Felgueiras H, Alves I, Correia F, Barroso C, Morganho A, Carmona C, Palavra F, Santos M, Salgado V, Palos A, Nzwalo H, Timóteo A, Guerreiro R, Isidoro L, Boleixa D, Carneiro P, Neves E, Silva AM, Gonçalves G, Leite MI, Sá MJ. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: A nationwide Portuguese clinical epidemiological study. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 56:103258. [PMID: 34583213 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare disorder in which astrocyte damage and/or demyelination often cause severe neurological deficits. OBJECTIVE To identify Portuguese patients with NMOSD and assess their epidemiological/clinical characteristics. METHODS This was a nationwide multicenter study. Twenty-four Portuguese adult and 3 neuropediatric centers following NMOSD patients were included. RESULTS A total of 180 patients met the 2015 Wingerchuk NMOSD criteria, 77 were AQP4-antibody positive (Abs+), 67 MOG-Abs+, and 36 seronegative. Point prevalence on December 31, 2018 was 1.71/100,000 for NMOSD, 0.71/100,000 for AQP4-Abs+, 0.65/100,000 for MOG-Abs+, and 0.35/100,000 for seronegative NMOSD. A total of 44 new NMOSD cases were identified during the two-year study period (11 AQP4-Abs+, 27 MOG-Abs+, and 6 seronegative). The annual incidence rate in that period was 0.21/100,000 person-years for NMOSD, 0.05/100,000 for AQP4-Abs+, 0.13/100,000 for MOG-Abs+, and 0.03/100,000 for seronegative NMOSD. AQP4-Abs+ predominated in females and was associated with autoimmune disorders. Frequently presented with myelitis. Area postrema syndrome was exclusive of this subtype, and associated with higher morbidity/mortality than other forms of NMOSD. MOG-Ab+ more often presented with optic neuritis, required less immunosuppression, and had better outcome. CONCLUSION Epidemiological/clinical NMOSD profiles in the Portuguese population are similar to other European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestina Santos
- Neurology Service, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital de Santo António/Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Unit, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto.
| | | | - Vanessa Oliveira
- Neurology Service, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital de Santo António/Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
| | - Daniela Ferro
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João
| | - Raquel Samões
- Neurology Service, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital de Santo António/Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Unit, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto
| | - Ana Paula Sousa
- Neurology Service, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital de Santo António/Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
| | - Sónia Figueiroa
- Neuropediatrics Service, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte/Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
| | | | - Pedro Abreu
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João
| | | | - Raquel Sousa
- Neuropediatrics Unit, Pediatrics Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João
| | - Cláudia Melo
- Neuropediatrics Unit, Pediatrics Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João
| | - Inês Correia
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra
| | - Joao Durães
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra
| | - Lívia Sousa
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra
| | - João Ferreira
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte
| | - João de Sá
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte
| | | | | | | | - Ana Luísa André
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve
| | - Carlos Basílio
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve
| | - Marta Arenga
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário da Cova da Beira
| | | | | | - Sandra Perdigão
- Neurology Service, Hospital de Viana do Castelo/Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Minho
| | | | - Ivânia Alves
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa
| | | | | | | | | | - Filipe Palavra
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Criança - Neuropediatria, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra
| | - Mariana Santos
- Neurology Service, Hospital Fernando da Fonseca/Amadora Sintra
| | - Vasco Salgado
- Neurology Service, Hospital Fernando da Fonseca/Amadora Sintra
| | | | | | | | | | - Luís Isidoro
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar de Tondela e Viseu
| | - Daniela Boleixa
- Departamento de Ensino, Formação e Investigação, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
| | - Paula Carneiro
- Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Unit, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto; Immunology Service, Hospital de Santo António/Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
| | - Esmeralda Neves
- Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Unit, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto; Immunology Service, Hospital de Santo António/Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
| | - Ana Martins Silva
- Neurology Service, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital de Santo António/Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto; Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Unit, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto
| | - Guilherme Gonçalves
- Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Unit, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto
| | - Maria Isabel Leite
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University
| | - Maria José Sá
- Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Fernando Pessoa
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Bless JJ, Hugdahl K, Kråkvik B, Vedul-Kjelsås E, Kalhovde AM, Grønli J, Larøi F. In the twilight zone: An epidemiological study of sleep-related hallucinations. Compr Psychiatry 2021; 108:152247. [PMID: 34062377 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated hallucinations that occur at the onset/offset of sleep (called hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations; HHHs), despite the fact that their prevalence in the general population is reported to be higher than the prevalence of daytime hallucinations. We utilized data from an epidemiological study to explore the prevalence of HHHs in various modalities. We also investigated phenomenological differences between sleep-related (HHHs) and daytime hallucinations in the auditory modality. We hypothesized that individuals with only HHHs would not differ from controls on a range of mental health and wellbeing measures, but that if they occur together with daytime hallucinations will pose a greater burden on the individual experiencing them. We also hypothesize that HHHs are qualitatively different (i.e. less severe) from daytime hallucinations. METHODS This study utilized data from a cross-sectional epidemiological study on the prevalence of hallucinations in the Norwegian general population. The sample (n = 2533) was divided into a control group without hallucinations (n = 2303), a group only experiencing sleep-related hallucinations (n = 62), a group only experiencing daytime hallucinations (n = 57), and a group experiencing both sleep-related as well as daytime hallucinations (n = 111). Prevalence rates were calculated and groups were compared using analyses of variance and chi-square tests where applicable. RESULTS The prevalence for HHHs in the auditory domain was found to be 6.8%, whereas 12.3% reported multimodal HHHs, and 32.2% indicated out-of-body experiences at the onset/offset of sleep. Group comparisons of hallucinations in the auditory modality showed that individuals that experienced only auditory HHHs scored significantly (p < 0.05) lower than those who also experienced daytime auditory hallucinations on a range of variables including mental health, anxiety, childhood happiness, and wellbeing. In addition, individuals with only auditory HHHs reported significantly (p < 0.05) less frequent hallucinations, less disturbing hallucinations, more neutral (in terms of content) hallucinations, hallucinations with less influence over their behavior, and less hallucination-related interference with social life compared to those individuals that experience daytime hallucinations. We also found that purely auditory HHHs had a significantly higher age of first onset of hallucinations than the purely daytime and the combined daytime and auditory HHHs groups (28.2 years>20.9 > 19.1). CONCLUSIONS Sleep-related hallucinations are common experiences in the general population, with the auditory modality being the least common. They occur mostly in combination with daytime hallucinations. However, some individuals (2.4%) experience only (auditory) sleep-related hallucinations and this group can be seen as more closely related, on a range of health-related factors, to non-hallucinating individuals than individuals who experience daytime hallucinations. Finally, there is a clear need for more research in this field, and ideas for future studies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef J Bless
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; NORMENT Center of Excellence, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kenneth Hugdahl
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; NORMENT Center of Excellence, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bodil Kråkvik
- St. Olavs University Hospital, Nidaros District Psychiatric Center, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Einar Vedul-Kjelsås
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Research and Development, Division of Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Janne Grønli
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frank Larøi
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; NORMENT Center of Excellence, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Tusun D, Abulimiti M, Mamuti X, Liu Z, Xu D, Li G, Peng X, Abudureyimu T, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Ou X. The Epidemiological Characteristics of Pulmonary Tuberculosis - Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, 2011-2020. China CDC Wkly 2021; 3:557-561. [PMID: 34594935 PMCID: PMC8392941 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2021.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS) plays an important role in the early detection and control of tuberculosis (TB) in China. This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autnomous Region, China from 2011 to 2020 to provide a scientific basis for developing TB control strategies and measures in Kashgar.
Methods:The data were collected from the NNDRS, which included the geographical distribution, age, sex, occupation, and pathogenic classification of reported PTB cases in 12 counties/cities of Kashgar Prefecture from 2011 to 2020. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristic of PTB epidemic in Kashgar.
Results: There were 189,416 PTB cases reported during 2011–2020, with a mean annual PTB case notification rate (CNR) of 451.29/100,000. A rising trend in the rate of reported PTB between 2011 and 2017 (χ2trend=26.09, P<0.01) and a declining trend between 2018 and 2020 (χ2trend=314.44, P<0.01) were observed. The months with the highest reported number of PTB cases were March to May and November to December. The mean annual rate of reported PTB was 451.88/100,000 for males and 450.67/100,000 for females. In addition, 19.76% of patients were bacteriologically-confirmed (Bac+) cases (37,425/189,416), and the mean annual Bac+ CNR was 89.17/100,000, rising from 64.76/100,000 in 2011 to 139.12/100,000 in 2020 (χ2trend=74.44, P<0.01).
Conclusions: The CNR of reported PTB in Kashgar showed a significant declining trend in the past three years. Males, elderly population, winter and spring, and farmers as an occupation were the main factors associated with high incidence of tuberculosis in Kashgar. Targeted prevention and treatment of TB should be strengthened in key groups in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diermulati Tusun
- Tuberculosis Dispensary of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | | | - Xirizhati Mamuti
- Tuberculosis Dispensary of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- Tuberculosis Dispensary of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Da Xu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Guanzhen Li
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaowang Peng
- Tuberculosis Dispensary of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Tuerhong Abudureyimu
- Tuberculosis Dispensary of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlin Zhao
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xichao Ou
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Tan Y, Deng Y, Yan X, Liu F, Tan Y, Wang Q, Bao X, Pan J, Luo X, Yu Y, Cui X, Liao G, Ke C, Xu P, Li X, Zhang C, Yao X, Xu Y, Li T, Su B, Chen Z, Ma R, Jiang Y, Ma X, Bi D, Ma J, Yang H, Li X, Tang L, Yu Y, Wang Y, Song H, Liu H, Wu M, Yang Y, Xue Z, Li L, Li Q, Pang Y. Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease and associated risk factors in China: A prospective surveillance study. J Infect 2021; 83:46-53. [PMID: 34048821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to address the knowledge gap that exists regarding the epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary diseases (NTM-PDs) among smear-positive patients with symptoms suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in China. METHODS Prospective and national surveillance of NTM-PD was performed from 17 hospitals within the China Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Surveillance Study (CNTMS). Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had positive smears during hospitalization. Sputum specimens were collected for molecular species identification. RESULTS 6,766 patients with valid results were included, consisting of 6,236 (92.2%) with PTB, 458 (6.8%) with NTM-PD, and 72 (1.0%) with colonization. The proportion of NTM-PD in PTB patients exhibited significant geographic diversity, ranging from 3.2% in the northwest to 9.2% in the south. The most prevalent species was Mycobacterium intracellulare, followed by Mycobacterium abscessus complex. Females, elderly people, and patients with bronchiectasis or COPD are at high risk for developing NTM-PD, while patients with diabetes have a lower risk of NTM-PD when compared with non-diabetic patients. Regarding clinical symptoms, lower rates of persistent cough and weight loss were noted in NTM-PD patients than in PTB patients. CONCLUSIONS Approximately one-fifteenth of PTB patients are afflicted with nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in China. The prevalence of NTM shows geographic diversity across the country, and it showed a gradual increase from north to south and from west to east. NTM-PD patients are prone to exhibit less severe clinical symptoms than PTB patients, highlighting the importance of raising awareness of NTM diseases to improve decision making on how to best screen, diagnose, and treat NTM in TB-endemic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoju Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Deng
- Katharine Hsu International Research Center of Human Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yan
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhong Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xundi Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Jianhua Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolu Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanhong Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenyang Tenth People's Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangfu Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Longtan Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Ke
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial Infectious Diseases Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Chest Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangyang Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnostics of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tongxin Li
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Biyi Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ruiying Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohua Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Dewu Bi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinghong Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenyang Tenth People's Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuezheng Li
- Katharine Hsu International Research Center of Human Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liusheng Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Longtan Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Yongmin Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial Infectious Diseases Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China; Department of Laboratory Quality Control, Innovation Alliance on Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Huafeng Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Chest Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yinghui Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongtan Xue
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China; Department of Laboratory Quality Control, Innovation Alliance on Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Liang Li
- Clinical Center on Tuberculosis Control, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingge Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnostics of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Yu Pang
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China; Department of Laboratory Quality Control, Innovation Alliance on Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment (Beijing), Beijing, China.
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Modi A, Vaishnav KG, Kothiya K, Alexander N. Lymphatic filariasis elimination endgame in an urban Indian setting: the roles of surveillance and residual microfilaremia after mass drug administration. Infect Dis Poverty 2021; 10:73. [PMID: 34006319 PMCID: PMC8130313 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-021-00856-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To secure the gains of lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination programs, attention is needed to the 'residual microfilaremia phase', in which high-risk populations may be crucial. The present study documents the impact of mass drug administration (MDA) in the urban Indian setting of Surat City, with high rates of in-migration. METHODS Epidemiological assessment included National Filaria Control Program (NFCP) and World Health Organization recommended routine and pre-MDA microfilaremia surveys respectively. Routine filaria surveys were conducted around the year in approximately 2000-4000 people per month, while pre-MDA surveys were carried out annually among approximately 4000 people from four fixed and four random sites. In 2016, Transmission Assessment Survey (TAS) was done in primary school children. The outcomes were microfilaremia (Mf) and antigen prevalence; more specifically, microfilaremia according to place of birth, in pre-MDA and routine night blood smears (NBS) collected from 2008 to 2015. Prevalence ratios and confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS A total of 25 480 pre-MDA and 306 198 routine NBS were examined during the study. In 2008, the Mf prevalence in the routine survey was 63/18 814 (0.33%), declining to 23/39 717 (0.06%) in 2016. Pre-MDA surveys showed a similar decrease from 47/4184 (1.1%) in 2008 to 12/4042 (0.3%) in 2015. In those born outside Surat, microfilaremia decreased below transmission thresholds, but remained more than treble that of the remainder of the population, in both the pre-MDA surveys [prevalence ratio: 3.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-8.72], and the routine surveys (3.31, 95% CI: 1.47-7.48). Though the TAS results indicated that MDA endpoints had been reached, sub-group analysis identified that 90% of antigenemic children were from families of high-risk groups. CONCLUSIONS Extensive long-term epidemiological monitoring suggests that all the urban population, including high-risk groups, have benefitted from the ELF program. To prevent re-establishment of infection in large urban areas with unsanitary conditions conducive to filarial vector breeding, there is need to identify residual microfilaremia by customized surveys in addition to pre-MDA monitoring and TAS. The present findings can be used to develop strategies to prioritize screening, surveillance and plan treatment of high-risk groups after achieving MDA endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Modi
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Keshav G Vaishnav
- Vector Borne Disease Control (VBDC) Department, Surat Municipal Corporation, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Kailash Kothiya
- Vector Borne Disease Control (VBDC) Department, Surat Municipal Corporation, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Neal Alexander
- MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
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20
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El Meghanawy RA, E I ET, Salim Dalia A, Abdel Aziz AR. Epidemiological, morphological and molecular characterization of Anisakis simplex(sensu stricto) in Clupea harengus from Egypt. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 24:100574. [PMID: 34024390 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence, morphological and molecular characterization of Anisakid larvae in smoked herring fish (Clupea harengus) from five governorates that represent Northern, Middle, and Southern Egypt which include; Menofia, Alexandrina, Qaliubiya, Sohag, and Assiut were elucidated in this study, smoked herring fish samples were collected from local markets during 2020, 384 positive (42.7%) out of 815 examined samples, the highest prevalence was observed in middle and southern Egypt (Sohag (139/230, 60.43%), and Menofiya (123/215, 57.20%), they were found to be naturally infected with Anisakis simplex larvae as free in peritoneal cavity, Based on morphological, morphometric by SEM, and molecular analyses of ITS-2 ribosomal DNA targeted gene and phylogenic analysis, these nematodes were identified as third- stage larvae of Anisakis simplex.
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21
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Punyani S, Tosti A, Hordinsky M, Yeomans D, Schwartz J. The Impact of Shampoo Wash Frequency on Scalp and Hair Conditions. Skin Appendage Disord 2021; 7:183-193. [PMID: 34055906 PMCID: PMC8138261 DOI: 10.1159/000512786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How frequently should the scalp and hair be cleansed? A dearth of objective data has led to confusion both among lay people and experts. Each extreme has potential detrimental effects: overcleaning may lead to surface damage while undercleaning may lead to buildup of harmful stimuli. This situation is complicated because both objective and subjective criteria are relevant to assess optimal cleaning. OBJECTIVES The objective of this work was to combine epidemiological and treatment data with both objective and subjective end points to yield clear data to guide both the consumer and expert as to optimal scalp and hair cleaning practices. METHODS Two studies were conducted with Asian populations without any specific scalp pathologies. An epidemiological study was conducted as a function of natural wash frequency. This was combined with a controlled wash frequency study. In both cases, objective measures of hair and scalp condition were assessed. These were combined with self-assessments of all participants. RESULTS In the epidemiological study, it was observed that overall satisfaction with hair and scalp condition was achieved when washing 5-6 times per week. This was consistent for both objective and subjective end points. Controlled treatment likewise showed that a daily wash regimen was superior to once per week cleansing for all end points. No objective detrimental effects to hair at this level of cleansing were observed. CONCLUSIONS Two different studies led to the same conclusion: higher wash frequency is both beneficial and more preferred to lower wash frequency among the Asian populations studied. Concerns related to "overcleaning" were unfounded both objectively and subjectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Maria Hordinsky
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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22
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Ydenius V, Larsen R, Steinvall I, Bäckström D, Chew M, Sjöberg F. Impact of hospital type on risk-adjusted, traffic-related 30-day mortality: a population-based registry study. Burns Trauma 2021; 9:tkaa051. [PMID: 33732745 PMCID: PMC7946621 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkaa051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Traffic incidents are still a major contributor to hospital admissions and trauma-related mortality. The aim of this nationwide study was to examine risk-adjusted traffic injury mortality to determine whether hospital type was an independent survival factor. Methods Data on all patients admitted to Swedish hospitals with traffic-related injuries, based on International Classification of Diseases codes, between 2001 and 2011 were extracted from the Swedish inpatient and cause of death registries. Using the binary outcome measure of death or survival, data were analysed using logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, severity of injury and hospital type. The severity of injury was established using the International Classification of Diseases Injury Severity Score (ICISS). Results The final study population consisted of 152,693 hospital admissions. Young individuals (0-25 years of age) were overrepresented, accounting for 41% of traffic-related injuries. Men were overrepresented in all age categories. Fatalities at university hospitals had the lowest mean (SD) ICISS 0.68 (0.19). Regional and county hospitals had mean ICISS 0.75 (0.15) and 0.77 (0.15), respectively, for fatal traffic incidents. The crude overall mortality in the study population was 1193, with a mean ICISS 0.72 (0.17). Fatalities at university hospitals had the lowest mean ICISS 0.68 (0.19). Regional and county hospitals had mean ICISS 0.75 (0.15) and 0.77 (0.15), respectively, for fatal traffic incidents.When regional and county hospitals were merged into one group and its risk-adjusted mortality compared with university hospitals, no significant difference was found. A comparison between hospital groups with the most severely injured patients (ICISS ≤0.85) also did not show a significant difference (odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.97-1.32). Conclusions This study shows that, in Sweden, the type of hospital does not influence risk adjusted traffic related mortality, where the most severely injured patients are transported to the university hospitals and centralization of treatment is common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Ydenius
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BVK), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Robert Larsen
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BVK), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive care, Linköping University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Steinvall
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BVK), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns Linköping University Hospital, Sweden
| | | | - Michelle Chew
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BVK), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive care, Linköping University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Folke Sjöberg
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BVK), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive care, Linköping University Hospital, Sweden.,Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns Linköping University Hospital, Sweden
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23
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Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, Vaira LA, De Riu G, Cammaroto G, Chekkoury-Idrissi Y, Circiu M, Distinguin L, Journe F, de Terwangne C, Machayekhi S, Barillari MR, Calvo-Henriquez C, Hans S, Saussez S. Epidemiological, otolaryngological, olfactory and gustatory outcomes according to the severity of COVID-19: a study of 2579 patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:2851-2859. [PMID: 33452919 PMCID: PMC7811338 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-06548-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate prevalence and epidemiological and clinical factors associated with olfactory dysfunction (OD) and gustatory dysfunction (GD) in COVID-19 patients according to the disease severity.
Study design Cross-sectional study.
Methods A total of 2579 patients with a positive diagnosis of COVID-19 were identified between March 22 and June 3, 2020 from 18 European hospitals. Epidemiological and clinical data were extracted. Otolaryngological symptoms, including OD and GD, were collected through patient-reported outcome questionnaire and Sniffin’Sticks tests were carried out in a subset of patients.
Results A total of 2579 patients were included, including 2166 mild (84.0%), 144 moderate (5.6%) and 269 severe-to-critical (10.4%) patients. Mild patients presented an otolaryngological picture of the disease with OD, GD, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea and sore throat as the most prevalent symptoms. The prevalence of subjective OD and GD was 73.7 and 46.8%, and decreases with the severity of the disease. Females had higher prevalence of subjective OD and GD compared with males. Diabetes was associated with a higher risk to develop GD. Among the subset of patients who benefited from psychophysical olfactory evaluations, there were 75 anosmic, 43 hyposmic and 113 normosmic patients. The prevalence of anosmia significantly decreased with the severity of the disease. Anosmia or hyposmia were not associated with any nasal disorder, according to SNOT-22. Conclusion OD and GD are more prevalent in patients with mild COVID-19 compared with individuals with moderate, severe or critical diseases. Females might have a higher risk of developing OD and GD compared with males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome R Lechien
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France. .,Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia/ Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Luigi A Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giacomo De Riu
- Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cammaroto
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Forli, Italy
| | - Younes Chekkoury-Idrissi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Marta Circiu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Lea Distinguin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Journe
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
| | | | | | - Maria R Barillari
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Division of Phoniatrics and Audiology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - Christian Calvo-Henriquez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Stéphane Hans
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Sven Saussez
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Abraham EG, Motilewa OO. Profile of Ocular Injury among Paediatric Patients in a Tertiary Institution in Uyo, Nigeria: An 18 Months Review. Niger Med J 2021; 62:8-13. [PMID: 38504790 PMCID: PMC10903290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ocular injury is one of the known causes of acquired blindness in children. The epidemiological data of childhood ocular injury vary from region to region, and also with sex and age.Methodology: Clinic records of pediatric ocular trauma patients (0-18 years) were reviewed for 18 months. Information on sociodemographics, causes of trauma, mechanism of trauma, place of injury, and type of injury were extracted. Data obtained were analyzed using STATA version 12. Results Sixty patients aged 0.5-18 years, mean age was 9 years ± 4.73 visited the hospital on account of eye injury formed the study population. Males were 37 (61.7%) and females 23 (38.3%) in a ratio of 1.6:1. The most common age group for ocular trauma was 6-10 years 24 (40.0%). Closed globe injuries were the most common type 48 (80%), home 45 (71.7%) was the most common location where injury occurred, the conjunctiva was the most commonly affected structure 21 (35%) and the most common offending object used was stick 9 (15.0%). Conclusion Paediatric eye injury has age-specific pattern, occurred more commonly in males, mainly of the closed globe variety and occurred mostly at the home setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emem Godwin Abraham
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Olugbemi O. Motilewa
- Department of Community Health, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria
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Kouhsari E, Azizian K, Sholeh M, Shayestehpour M, Hashemian M, Karamollahi S, Yaghoubi S, Sadeghiifard N. Clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in retrospective studies: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2021; 39:104-115. [PMID: 33610239 PMCID: PMC7667392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In December 2019, a novel pneumonia related to the 2019 coronavirus unexpectedly developed in Wuhan, China. We aimed to review data of the novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by analyzing all the published retrospective studies on the clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of patients with 2019-nCoV. METHODS We searched in four bibliographic databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science) for studies March 10, 2020 focused on the clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of patients with 2019-nCoV for meta-analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to quality assessment, and publication bias was analyzed by Egger's test. In the meta-analysis, a random-effects model with Stata/SE software, v.14.1 (StataCorp, College Station, TX) was used to obtain a pooled incidence rate. RESULTS Fifty studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis with 8815 patients and the mean age was 46 years and 4647 (52.7%) were male. The pooled incidences rate of clinical symptoms were: fever (83%, 95% CI: 0.77, 0.89), cough (59%, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.69), myalgia or fatigue (31%, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.39), sputum production (29%, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.39), and dyspnea (19%, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.26). The pooled incidence rate of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was (22%, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.60). CONCLUSION The results of this systemic review and meta-analysis present a quantitative pooled incidence rate of different characters of 2019-nCoV and has great potential to develop diagnosis and patient's stratification in 2019-nCoV. However, this conclusions of this study still requisite to be warranted by more careful design, larger sample size multivariate studies to corroborate the results of this meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Kouhsari
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Khalil Azizian
- Department of Lab Science, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shayestehpour
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Hashemian
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Somayeh Karamollahi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Sajad Yaghoubi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.
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Praveena SM, Munisvaradass R, Masiran R, Rajendran RK, Lin CC, Kumar S. Phthalates exposure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: a systematic review of epidemiological literature. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:44757-44770. [PMID: 32895790 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have proven that children mental health can be affected by environmental pollutants which are believed to be visible in the form of psychological disorder later in their childhood. Moreover, the effects of children mental health are evidently clear in the case of phthalates which have been observed to increase psychological disorder, specifically attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Hence, the present study aims to conduct a systematic review and provide an overview of the existing literature on the association between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and ADHD symptoms among children by emphasizing the confounding factors and limitations. Additionally, this review addressed the possible phthalate mechanism insights in human body including its impact on ADHD symptoms. In this case, 16 epidemiological studies (five cross-sectional, nine cohort and two case control studies) that met all the inclusion criteria were selected out of the total of 427 papers screened to show varying quantitative associations between phthalate exposure and ADHD symptoms among children with confounding factors and limitations in the existing studies in regard to the exposure and outcomes. This review also attempted to present possible explanation on phthalate mechanism in children body and its connection on neurodevelopment and ADHD symptom development which remains unclear in most of the studies. Finally, it is highly recommended for further research to carefully design cohort studies from prenatal to later childhood development with a complete sample size in order to understand phthalate impacts on children health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarva Mangala Praveena
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical, Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Rusheni Munisvaradass
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruziana Masiran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ranjith Kumar Rajendran
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, No.300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Ching Lin
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, No.300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biotechnology, BIHER, Bharath University, Chennai, 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
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Govind SK, Doumouras AG, Nenshi R, Hong D. Geographic Variation in Appendiceal Perforation Rates in Canada: a Population-Based Cohort Study. J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 24:2620-2627. [PMID: 31792897 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-019-04434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that patients living in rural neighborhoods experience delayed access to surgical services manifesting in increased appendiceal perforation rates in cases of appendicitis. METHODS This population-based cohort study included adult patients with acute appendicitis in Canada (excluding Quebec) between April 2008 and March 2015. The main outcome of interest was rate of perforation. Predictors of interest included socioeconomic, geographic, and individual predictors of perforation. Spatial analysis was used to analyze spatial clustering of perforation. RESULTS We identified 143,195 patients throughout the course of the study. The average perforation rate across our study was 35.9% (n = 51,456). Cluster analysis identified 286 (24%) neighborhoods with perforation rates greater than the average. Rural neighborhoods had a 1.89 times higher odds of being in a high perforation cluster (95% CI 1.08-3.08, p = 0.024). Compared to neighborhoods > 75 km from the admitting hospital, closer neighborhoods were less likely to be in a high perforation cluster (0-35 km OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.38-0.98, p = 0.049; 36-75 km OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.37-0.92, p = 0.019). Patients admitted to small community hospitals had a 0.51 times lower odds of perforation than those admitted to academic centers (95% CI 0.47-0.54, p < 0.001) and those who lived in high perforation clusters had a 1.42 times higher odds of perforation (95% CI 1.39-1.46, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Neighborhoods located far from hospitals have increased appendiceal perforation rates. Also, patients with appendicitis treated at small community hospitals have significantly lower odds of perforation. From a policy point of view, patients with symptoms of appendicitis can be safely treated at the nearest hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaylan K Govind
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aristithes G Doumouras
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Joseph Healthcare, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Rahima Nenshi
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Joseph Healthcare, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Dennis Hong
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. .,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Joseph Healthcare, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 4A6, Canada.
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Lin H, Guo MQ, Guo X, Zhou JP, Sun JX. [ Epidemiological study of occupational diseases in Shenzhen City, China in 2006~2017]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2020; 38:609-611. [PMID: 32892591 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20190621-00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics of occupational diseases in Shenzhen City, China in 2006-2017, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods: Cases of occupational diseases in 2006-2017 were collected from the Information System of Occupational Diseases and Occupational Health. A statistical analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of the disease distribution in terms of spectrum of disease, year, area, industry, type of economy and enterprise scale. Results: A total of 1673 cases of occupational disease (64 types, 8 classes) were diagnosed and reported in 2006-2017, chemical poisoning (31.50%) , ear, nose and throat diseases (28.21%) , and pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases (21.34%) were the most three commonest occupational diseases. The constituent of ratio of ear, nose and throat diseases and occupational diseases caused by physical factors increased in turn, the constituent of chemical poisoning, pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases, and skin disease reduced in turn, which all showed the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) . Occupational diseases were often seen in districts of Baoan, Longgang, Longhua and Pingshan, as well as in private economy and small enterprise, mainly occurred in manufacturing industry. Conclusion: The incidence of occupational diseases increased steadily in 2006-2017, and we need to strengthen common occupational diseases, especially occupational noise-induced hearing loss, pay attention to districts of Baoan, Longgang, Longhua and Pingshan, as well as private economy and small enterprise.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lin
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - M Q Guo
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - X Guo
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - J P Zhou
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - J X Sun
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
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Thahaby N, Akand AH, Hamdani SA, Bhat AH, Hussain SA, Shiekh I, Shubeena S. Epidemiological pattern of dog bites and the occurrence of rabies in humans within Srinagar district of Kashmir Valley, India. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 73:101556. [PMID: 33035770 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Men's dominant ally, best defense defendant, therefore, the pre-eminent peril detector, dogs became a threat for the humanity inflicting a fatal disease of rabies. Dog bites and open garbage dumps became additional and apparent and are serious and sometimes underestimated public health dilemma in the Kashmir region. The aesthetic, primarily health care and psycho-sociological consequences of trauma caused by a dog bites repeatedly burden the standard of lifetime pertaining to the affected persons and their family. The present study was carried in Srinagar district. Diverse sampling plan / data collection strategies were formulated to fulfill the set of objectives. To assess the epidemiological pattern, secondary source of information viz. Shri Maharaja Hari Singh hospital, which shouldered the relevant cases, was utilized. Further, people perception of the subject was assessed using a predesigned interview schedule from respondents selected by appropriate methods. West zone had recorded the highest number of cases (28.95 %), then the south zone, followed by the north zone and the east zone. Majority victims were males (74.27 %) followed by females (25.72 %) [χ2 = 4.442, p = 0.219). Most of them belonged to 30-40 (26.88 %) year old groups, followed by 20-30 (22.36 %), 10-20 (16.03 %) and so on. The time of exposure of victims was evening (62.90 %) [χ2 = 30.342, p = 0.001]. The bulk number of cases had bite on legs (56.60 %). Majority had category 3 bites (70.16 %) and the majority had received immunoglobin (82.85 %) [χ2 = 29.56, p = 0.001]. The summer season (29.30 %) had also recorded the highest number of cases followed by autumn season (27.82 %) irrespective of each determinant. The Anti rabies clinic of SMHS has also recorded two rabies deaths during this period. The majority people (72.50 %) were illiterate and belonging to lower sections of society. About all those diseases that attack humans, rabies is an example of the best known in Srinagar. Its notoriety is peculiar when assessed on its influence medially, on humans who are belonging to the susceptible divisions of the society due to lack of discernment. The lack of complete perception might decipher into higher mortality linked to rabies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namera Thahaby
- Division of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India.
| | - Afzal Hoque Akand
- Division of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
| | - Shabeer Ahmed Hamdani
- Division of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
| | - Abdul Hai Bhat
- Division of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
| | - Syed Akram Hussain
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
| | - Islamuddin Shiekh
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
| | - Sheikh Shubeena
- Division of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
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Beluzo CE, Silva E, Alves LC, Bresan RC, Arruda NM, Sovat R, Carvalho T. SPNeoDeath: A demographic and epidemiological dataset having infant, mother, prenatal care and childbirth data related to births and neonatal deaths in São Paulo city Brazil - 2012-2018. Data Brief 2020; 32:106093. [PMID: 32802921 PMCID: PMC7419335 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SPNeodeath dataset includes births and deaths of infants during the neonatal period from São Paulo city between 2012 and 2018, containing more than 1.4 million records. The dataset was created from SINASC and SIM Brazilian information systems for births and deaths respectively. SINASC comprises information about demographic and epidemiological data for the infant, mother, prenatal care and childbirth. SIM collects information about mortality, and it is used as the basis for the calculation of vital statistics, such as neonatal mortality rate. SIM was only used to label records from SINASC, when the death happened until 28 days of life. SPNeodeath has 23 variables with socioeconomic maternal condition features, maternal obstetrics features, newborn related features and previous care related features, besides a label feature describing if the subject survived, or not, after 28 days of life. In order to build the dataset, DBF files were downloaded from DATASUS ftp repository and converted to CSV format, the R programming language, and then the CSV files were processed using Python programming language. Features with incorrect values and unknowing information were removed.
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Ruan PS, Xu HQ, Wu JH, Song QF, Qiu HY. COVID-19 in Children: Clinical Characteristics and Follow-Up Study. SN Compr Clin Med 2020;:1-4. [PMID: 32895639 DOI: 10.1007/s42399-020-00502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Since December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally. But the clinical symptoms and detailed follow-up of children with COVID-19 infection are lacking. Here, we conducted a retrospective study including children with confirmed COVID-19. We recorded patients’ epidemiological, clinical features, and follow-up data after discharging in order to improve the awareness and treatment of children with COVID-19.
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Abstract
Effective and prompt medication treatment is essential for schizophrenia patients to alleviate psychotic symptoms and improve prognosis. The treatment rate of schizophrenia usually varies greatly across studies. This is a meta-analysis that examined the overall treatment rate of schizophrenia in China. Both international (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science) and Chinese (CNKI, WanFang and Sinomed) databases were searched. The random effects model was used to analyze the data. Fifteen studies with 1,219,472 patients were included. This meta-analysis found that 73% (95%CI: 66%, 80%) of schizophrenia patients received treatment in any type of medical institutions, while 31.0% (95%CI = 21.0%, 41.0%) received treatment in psychiatric institutions. Studies conducted in middle region of China (76.8% for any type of medical institutions; 42.6% for psychiatric institutions) and those published before 2007 (74.6% for any type of medical institutions; 31.3% for psychiatric institutions) reported significantly higher treatment rates. Studies using combined diagnostic instruments had a higher treatment rate of schizophrenia (72.0%) in any type of medical institutions, while using the Chinese classification of Mental Disorders (47.7%) and including both rural and urban areas (35.7%) had higher treatment rates of schizophrenia in psychiatric institutions. The treatment rate of schizophrenia was relatively high in China, but most treatments were delivered in non-psychiatric medical institutions. Greater efforts should be made to improve the provision of accessible mental health services for schizophrenia patients in this part of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qi
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zong
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Rong An
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok Green, Medical Park, Singapore
| | - Seon-Cheol Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje Universtiy Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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Barzegar A, Ghadipasha M, Forouzesh M, Valiyari S, Khademi A. Epidemiologic study of traffic crash mortality among motorcycle users in Iran (2011-2017). Chin J Traumatol 2020; 23:219-223. [PMID: 32669222 PMCID: PMC7451678 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Motorcycle accident is a major cause of road traffic injuries and the motorcyclists are considered as vulnerable road users. The present study aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of fatal motorcycle crashes in Iran. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 28,356 motorcycle traffic fatalities registered in the Legal Medicine Organization of Iran were analyzed during the period between March 2011 and March 2017. The examined variables included demographic characteristics, helmet use, crash mechanisms, crash location, position state, type of counterpart vehicle, cause of death and place of death. In the study, road traffic mortalities involving drivers and/or passenger of motorcycles were included. Cases or events registered without these conditions were excluded from the study. To analyse the data, SPSS statistics 25 and GraphPad Prism 8 softwares were used. RESULTS Of the 122,682 fatal traffic injury cases, 28,356 (23.1%) were motorcycle users, of whom 95.3% were male and 4.7% were female. Most of the motorcycle fatalities belonged to the age group of 18-24 years (29.1%). Head trauma was the major cause of death (59.0%). Also, the overall proportion of safety helmet use among motorcycle crash victims was estimated at 37.4%. Most of the road traffic crash cases (46.8%) happened out of city and half of people (49.9%) died in hospital. About 77.4% of the victims were motorcycle riders and 21.1% were pillion passengers. The highest rate of mortality belonged to the self-employed (38.4%) and then workers (21.8%) and students (10.2%). In addition, most fatalities occurred in people with low education (77.5%) and the least occurred in university graduates (5.5%). Among 31 provinces of Iran, Fars had the highest (9.3%) occurrence rate and Kohgiluyeh and Buyer-Ahmad had the lowest (0.5%). Most of the crash mechanisms were due to motorcycle-vehicle crashes (80.2%), followed by rollover (9.8%). CONCLUSION Comprehensive public education and special rules are needed to reduce the rate of deaths in motorcycle crashes.
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Yu C, Lei Q, Li W, Wang X, Li W, Liu W. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 1663 hospitalized patients infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a single-center experience. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:1202-1209. [PMID: 32718894 PMCID: PMC7367029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 outbreak in late December 2019 has quickly emerged into pandemic in 2020. We aimed to describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and to investigate the potential risk factors for COVID-19 severity. Method 1663 hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed diagnosed COVID-19 from Tongji Hospital between January 14, 2020, and February 28, 2020 were included in the present study. Demographic information, exposure history, medical history, comorbidities, signs and symptoms, chest computed tomography (CT) scanning, severity of COVID-19 and laboratory findings on admission were collected from electronic medical records. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between potential risk factors with COVID-19 severity. Results In the present study, the majority (79%) of 1663 COVID-19 patients were aged over 50 years old. A total of 2.8% were medical staff, and an exposure history of Huanan seafood market was document in 0.7%, and 7.4% were family infection. Fever (85.8%), cough (36.0%), fatigue (23.6%) and chest tightness (11.9%) were the most common symptoms in COVID-19 patients. As of February 28, 2020, of the 1663 patients included in this study, 26.0% were discharged, 10.2% were died, and 63.8% remained hospitalized. More than 1/3 of the patients had at least one comorbidity. Most (99.8%) patients had abnormal results Chest CT, and the most common manifestations of chest CT were local patchy shadowing (70.7%) and ground-glass opacity (44.8%). On admission, lymphocytopenia was present in 51.1% of the patients, mononucleosis in 26.6%, and erythrocytopenia in 61.3%. Most of the patients had increased levels of C-reactive protein (80.4%) and D-dimer (64.4%). Compared with non-severe patients, severe patients had more obvious abnormal laboratory results related to inflammation, coagulation disorders, liver and kidney damage (all P < 0.05). Older age (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.47–3.83), leukocytosis (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.47–3.83), and increased creatine kinase (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.47–3.83) on admission were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity. Conclusion Timely medical treatment and clear diagnosis after the onset might be beneficial to control the condition of COVID-19. Severe patients were more likely to be to be elder, and tended to have higher proportion of comorbidities and more prominent laboratory abnormalities. Older age, leukocytosis, and increased creatine kinase might help clinicians to identify severe patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caizheng Yu
- Department of Public Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qing Lei
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenkai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wengang Li
- Department of Public Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Public Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Wang R, Pan M, Zhang X, Han M, Fan X, Zhao F, Miao M, Xu J, Guan M, Deng X, Chen X, Shen L. Epidemiological and clinical features of 125 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Fuyang, Anhui, China. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 95:421-428. [PMID: 32289565 PMCID: PMC7151431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of patients with COVID-19 in Anhui province of China. METHOD In this descriptive study, we obtained epidemiological, demographic, manifestations, laboratory data and radiological findings of patients confirmed by real-time RT-PCR in the NO.2 People's Hospital of Fuyang City from Jan 20 to Feb 9, 2020. Clinical outcomes were followed up to Feb 18, 2020. RESULTS Of 125 patients infected SARS-CoV-2, the mean age was 38.76 years (SD, 13.799) and 71(56.8%) were male. Common symptoms include fever [116 (92.8%)], cough [102(81.6%)], and shortness of breath [57(45.6%)]. Lymphocytopenia developed in 48(38.4%) patients. 100(80.0%) patients showed bilateral pneumonia, 26(20.8%) patients showed multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity. All patients were given antiviral therapy. 19(15.2%) patients were transferred to the intensive care unit. By February 18, 47(37.6%) patients were discharged and none of patients died. Among the discharged patients, the median time of length of stay was 14.8 days (SD 4.16). CONCLUSION In this single-center, retrospective, descriptive study, fever is the most common symptom. Old age, chronic underlying diseases and smoking history may be risk factors to worse condition. Certain laboratory inspection may contribute to the judgment of the severity of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Wang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Fuyang Infectious Disease Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Anhui Geriatric Institute, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Anhui Geriatric Institute, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Mingfeng Han
- Fuyang Infectious Disease Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyun Fan
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Anhui Geriatric Institute, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China.
| | - Fengde Zhao
- Fuyang Infectious Disease Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China
| | - Manli Miao
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Anhui Geriatric Institute, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Fuyang Infectious Disease Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China
| | - Minglong Guan
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Anhui Geriatric Institute, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Xia Deng
- Fuyang Infectious Disease Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Anhui Geriatric Institute, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Leilei Shen
- Fuyang Infectious Disease Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City, Yingzhou west Road 1088, Fuyang, Anhui 236015, PR China
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Gunathilaka N, Semege S, Pathirana N, Manamperi N, Udayanga L, Wijesinghe H, Premaratne P, Fernando D. Prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis infection and clinico- epidemiological patterns among military personnel in Mullaitivu and Kilinochchi districts of the Northern Province, early war-torn areas in Sri Lanka. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:263. [PMID: 32430014 PMCID: PMC7236442 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 30-year-old armed conflict in Sri Lanka resulted in a general breakdown of civil administration in the Northern and Eastern provinces, leading to mobilisation of many armed forces personnel to assist with reconstruction and resettlement. This occupational group has been identified as a priority risk group for leishmaniasis. METHODS Individuals enlisted at all military establishments in Mullaitivu and Kilinochchi districts, Northern Province of Sri Lanka were included. Five thousand individuals were screened for skin lesions between September 2018 and August 2019. Persons with lesions suspected as cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) were further investigated. Information on sociodemographic/other potential risk factors was obtained through an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. The diagnosis was confirmed by microscopic visualization of parasitic stages from different samples obtained (skin scraping, lesion aspirate and tissue impression smears), histopathology and polymerase chain reaction DNA amplification. RESULTS Among 5000 individuals screened, 74 individuals were suspected of having CL. Of these, 67.6% (n = 50) patients were confirmed for CL by microscopy. Around two third of both males (67.6%; n = 48) and females (66.6%; n = 2) were positive for Leishmania. The soldiers belonging to 26-35-year age group reported the highest susceptibility (83.3%; OR: 4.83, 95% CI: 3.49-6.20%). Of the sociodemographic factors, age, wearing short-sleeved upper body clothing as the uniform and non-use of insect repellents were identified as significant risk factors. Most of the CL patients had a single lesion (86.0%; n = 43) of an ulcerative type (34.0%; n = 17), mostly on their upper limb (67.9%; n = 34). Lesions were mostly 5-10 mm diameter (59.9%; n = 30) in size with poorly defined margins (72.0%; n = 36). Amongst the diagnostic techniques, microscopic examination of slit skin smear and tissue impression smear were able to discriminate the majority of patients (92.1%; n = 46) for CL. CONCLUSIONS In order to highlight the true burden of leishmaniasis in the military personnel, cases of leishmaniasis from military institutes should be recognized as a different entity per say and be included in the national figures so as to depict the real magnitude of the disease burden amongst this high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayana Gunathilaka
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Saveen Semege
- Directorate of Army Preventive Medicine & Mental Health Services, Army Headquarters, Sri Jayawardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Nuwani Manamperi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Lahiru Udayanga
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Sri Lanka
| | - Harshima Wijesinghe
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Prasad Premaratne
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kotalawela Defence University, Ratmalana, Sri Lanka
| | - Deepika Fernando
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Zhang X, Cai H, Hu J, Lian J, Gu J, Zhang S, Ye C, Lu Y, Jin C, Yu G, Jia H, Zhang Y, Sheng J, Li L, Yang Y. Epidemiological, clinical characteristics of cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection with abnormal imaging findings. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 94:81-87. [PMID: 32205284 PMCID: PMC7270493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with abnormal imaging findings. METHODS Patients confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Zhejiang province from January 17 to February 8 who had undergone CT or X-ray were enrolled. Epidemiological and clinical data were analyzed among those with abnormal or normal imaging findings. RESULTS Excluding 72 patients with normal images, 230 of 573 patients showed abnormalities affecting more than two lung lobes. The median radiographic score was 2.0, and there was a negative correlation between that score and the oxygenation index (ρ = -0.657, P < 0.001). Patients with abnormal images were older (46.65 ± 13.82), with a higher rate of coexisting condition (28.8%), a lower rate of exposure history, and longer time between onset and confirmation (5 days) than non-pneumonia patients (all P < 0.05). A higher rate of fever, cough, expectoration and headache, a lower level of lymphocytes, albumin, and serum sodium levels and a higher total bilirubin, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein levels and a lower oxygenation index were observed in pneumonia patients (all P < 0.05). Muscle ache, shortness of breath, nausea and vomiting, lower lymphocytes levels, and higher serum creatinine and radiographic score at admission were predictive factors for the severe/critical subtype. CONCLUSION Patients with abnormal images have more obvious clinical manifestations and laboratory changes. Combing clinical features and radiographic scores can effectively predict severe/critical types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Huan Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Jianhua Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Jiangshan Lian
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Jueqing Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Shanyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Chanyuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Yingfeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Ciliang Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Guodong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Hongyu Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Jifang Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
| | - Yida Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
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Zhang H, Mehmood K, Chang YF, Zhao Y, Lin W, Chang Z. Increase in cases of dengue in China, 2004-2016: A retrospective observational study. Travel Med Infect Dis 2020; 37:101674. [PMID: 32320744 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever (DF) is a vector-bore infectious disease that can infect humans, and has been recognized as a global public health threat, with significant morbidity and mortality rates. METHOD To describe the epidemiological profile of DF in China during 2004-2016, the morbidity data of DF by age-group, season (different months) and geographic location (different provinces) were obtained from the public health science data center of China for subsequent epidemiological analysis. RESULTS The results showed that the incidence of DF shows striking annual variations, and two large outbreaks occurred in 2006-2007 and during 2012-2015. The results of the average morbidity rates (cases/100,000 population) for human DF indicated that among all dengue fever cases, Guangdong in southern area of China had the highest rates (3.8160 cases/100,000 population), followed by Yunnan (0.6614 cases/100,000 population), Fujian (0.3463 cases/100,000 population) and Guangxi (0.1474 cases/100,000 population). Epidemic peaks occurred in late June and early November, and the incidence rate among middle-aged people (30-45 years old) was relatively high, followed by rates among 15-29 and 45-59 age groups. CONCLUSION In this study, we demonstrated the epidemiological profile of DF circulating in China and revealed the geographic distribution, dynamic transmission, seasonal asymmetries and age distribution, which will provide guidelines on the prevention and control of DF in China. The present investigation is useful in the risk assessment of DF transmission, to predict DF outbreaks and the prevention and control strategies should be used along with surveillance to reduce the spread of DF in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Yabo Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Wencheng Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Zhenyu Chang
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, 860000, Tibet, China
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Wang Y, Yan P, Fu T, Yuan J, Yang G, Liu Y, Zhang ZJ. The association between gestational diabetes mellitus and cancer in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Diabetes Metab 2020; 46:461-471. [PMID: 32097717 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with greater risk of a variety of cancers. However, the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and risk of cancer has so far not been well addressed. This study aimed to summarize the epidemiological evidence of the association between GDM and subsequent risk of cancer. METHODS PubMed and Embase databases were searched for relevant studies, and a random-effects model was used to calculate the summary relative risks (RRs) along with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS A total of 17 observational studies were selected, comprising 7 case-control and 10 cohort studies. Pooled effect estimates retrieved from these 17 studies showed that GDM was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in Asia (pooled RR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.01-1.70), but not in other regions, and also with thyroid cancer (RR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16-1.42), stomach cancer (RR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.02-2.00) and liver cancer (RR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03-1.55). However, GDM was not associated with any increased risk of colon (RR: 1.41, 95% CI: 0.90-2.21), colorectal (RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.95-1.41), ovarian (RR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.90-1.44), cervical (RR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.81-1.29), pancreatic (RR: 3.49, 95% CI: 0.80-15.23), brain and nervous system (RR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.80-1.97), blood (leukaemia, RR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.45-1.30), endometrial (RR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.20-2.98), skin (RR: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.81-1.59) or urological (RR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.73-1.31) cancers. CONCLUSION GDM is associated with a greater risk of cancer in women, including breast, thyroid, stomach and liver cancers. However, further investigation is nonetheless warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No. 185 Donghu Road, 430071 Wuhan, China
| | - P Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No. 185 Donghu Road, 430071 Wuhan, China
| | - T Fu
- Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, China
| | - J Yuan
- Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, China
| | - G Yang
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Statistics, College of Management, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 430071 Wuhan, China
| | - Z-J Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No. 185 Donghu Road, 430071 Wuhan, China.
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Singh LS, Singh RM, Singh HL. Epidemiological scenario of dengue in the state of Manipur during the last 3 years. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8518. [PMID: 32117624 PMCID: PMC7003685 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The study of disease transmission of dengue fever (DF) is perplexing in the Indian subcontinent as all the four serotypes are circling. Also, there is no efficient epidemiological examination done on dengue cases in Manipur, a north-eastern territory of India. Method We utilized the dengue information extricated from the lab register of Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL) from 2016 to 2018. All presumed outpatient and inpatients dengue cases from open and private health-care facilities are incorporated into the VRDL database whose informed consent were gotten. Results A sum of 1689 instances of associated patients with dengue infection was tried for dengue ELISA test and 272 (16.10%) samples were seen as seropositive. The month-wise conveyance of dengue cases is very intriguing as the three years of study demonstrates a variation design in perception. In all the three years dengue seropositive cases were seen higher in the male populace. Be that as it may, there is no noteworthy incentive to the inspiration of dengue seropositive towards male than female. Conclusion Our examination exhibits a comparative epidemiological investigation on seroprevelance of dengue in the province of Manipur for three years. This is an endeavour to show epidemiological dengue seroprevelance in the territory of Manipur which in future would be a reference from general wellbeing worries for making up essential move intend to shorten the spread of dengue.
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Yang XY, Liu GY, Wang HM. [Incidence and yrend of occupational pneumoconiosis in Ankang city from 1974 to 2017]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2019; 37:918-20. [PMID: 31937033 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the epidemiological feature and prevalent trend of pneumoconiosis in Ankang City, pertinently put forward the prevention and control strategy, and provide the basis for comprehensive prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods: China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention has exported the network report data of "occupational diseases and occupational health information monitoring" from January 1, 2006 to December 312017 and has created the database; has investigated and supplemented the occupational disease reporting results from January 1, 1974 to December 31, 2005; has conducted the data cleansing through SPSS17.00; has conducted the statistical description and analysis according to pneumoconiosis diagnosis time, age, sex, length of service, industry, and etc. Results: From 1974 to 2017, Ankang City has accumulatively reported 1047 cases of various occupational pneumoconiosis; of which, 992 new cases and 55 stage development cases. Entities of pneumoconiosis include silicosis, coal workers pneumoconiosis, electric arc welders pneumoconiosis, cement pneumoconiosis and asbestosis; number of new cases of silicosis ranks first, the second is coal workers pneumoconiosis. Average length of employment of the occurrence of pneumoconiosis is (15.01±8.95) years; average length of age of the occurrence is (47.11±7.86) years. Distribution of pneumoconiosis involves 8 industries; the first is mining industry (54.23%) , the second is construction industry (27.52%) , and the third is public management, social security and social organization (12.70%) . Pneumoconiosis involves 24 types of work; the first is drillman (47.28%) , the second is main coal miners (15.52%) , and the third is blasters (13.31%) . Conclusion: Prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in Ankang City gives priority to silicosis and coal workers pneumoconiosis, puts emphasis on strengthening the prevention of pneumoconiosis of drillman in the mining industry; the occurrence of pneumoconiosis is in a linear upward trend from 2012.
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Zou Y, Zhang C, Ge H, Li H, Fang X, Zhong J, Guo P, Feng H, Hu R. Comparison of epidemiological and clinical features between two chronological cohorts of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 72:169-173. [PMID: 31911108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the differences in the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) treated at our institution over the last few decades. Two chronological cohorts with ten-year-interval were established and epidemiological and clinical data were retrospectively collected from patients with ICH, and data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0. The time windows for the two cohorts were from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014 (2010-2014 cohort) and January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2004 (2000-2004 cohort). 1598 patients with ICH were enrolled: 360 patients in the 2000-2004 cohort and 1238 patients in the 2010-2014 cohort. ICH often occurred in patients aged from 45 to 75 years, without a sex bias, accounting for 69.6% of patients. Hypertension (60.7%) was still the main risk factors. Meanwhile, the risk factors of smoking (28.9%) and drinking (23.3%) were often present in male patients but not female patients (p ≤ 0.001). The incidence of pulmonary infection, the main complication during hospitalization, was 40.8% in the 2000-2004 cohort and 61.8% in the 2010-2014 cohort (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, the incidence of gastrointestinal hemorrhage was 12.5% in the 2000-2004 cohort and 6.0% in the 2010-2014 cohort (p ≤ 0.001). The epidemiological and clinical features have changed over the past 10 years. The mortality was reduced but still high, as evidenced by the increased hospitalization rate of patients with ICH. Current preventions and therapeutic strategies for ICH are effective, but more strategies must be developed to improve the outcome of ICH and decrease the incidence of pulmonary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Neurosurgery, 908 Hospital of PLA, NanChang 335000, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hongfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xuanyu Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Peiwen Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
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Wang F, Zhang H, Yang L, Yang XG, Zhang HR, Li JK, Qiao RQ, Hu YC. Epidemiological Characteristics of 1196 Patients with Spinal Metastases: A Retrospective Study. Orthop Surg 2019; 11:1048-1053. [PMID: 31755205 PMCID: PMC6904662 DOI: 10.1111/os.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients with spinal metastases between 2007 and 2019. Methods Patients with spinal metastases were identified from several clinical centers in China between January 2007 and July 2019. Demographics, primary tumor types, spinal involvement, and Clinical indicators of each patient were reviewed. Results A total of 1196 patients were included in this study, 717 males (59.95%) and 479 females (40.05%), with a male to female ratio of 1.50:1. Most patients (63.71%) were in the ages range of 50 to 69 years. The mean age was 58.6 ± 11.6 (range 13–89) years and the median age was 59.0 years. The average age of females was younger than that of males, and the difference was statistically significant. The proportion of male patients over 60 years old was higher than that of females, and the difference was statistically significant. The most common primary tumor was lung cancer (n = 437, 36.54%), followed by unknown origin (n = 194, 16.22%), kidney cancer (n = 78, 6.52%), breast cancer (n = 76, 6.35%), and liver/biliary cancer (n = 75, 6.27%). The most common primary tumor was lung cancer in both males and females, followed by unknown origin in males and breast cancer in females. There were 730 patients (61.04%) in the subgroup of the number<3; the highest level was lumbar vertebrae, with 250 patients (34.25%). The remaining 466 patients (38.96%) were included in the subgroup of the number ≥ 3; the highest level was tumor metastasis of multiple‐level of spine, with 334 patients (71.67%). Among the 1196 patients, spinal cord injury occurred in 54.01% of patients, 76.34% of patients developed moderate and above pain, 55.69% of patients had metastatic spinal cord compression, and only 26.67% of patients had a clear history of primary tumors. Conclusion This study provided a relatively detailed description of epidemiological characteristics in spinal metastases in China, which could assist orthopaedic surgeons to understand the clinical characteristics of spinal metastases, and is of great significance in guiding clinical diagnoses and scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Bone Tumor, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Bone Tumor, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Yang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Hao-Ran Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji-Kai Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui-Qi Qiao
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong-Cheng Hu
- Department of Bone Tumor, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Doyle R, O'Keeffe D, Hannigan A, Kinsella A, Behan C, Kelly A, Sheridan A, Madigan K, Lawlor E, Clarke M. The iHOPE-20 study: mortality in first episode psychosis-a 20-year follow-up of the Dublin first episode cohort. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2019; 54:1337-1342. [PMID: 31073626 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increased mortality rates have been found in those with a diagnosis of psychosis; studies suggest a shortened life expectancy of up to 20 years less than that of the general population. This study aimed to investigate the mortality of a first episode psychosis cohort at 20-year follow-up, compare it to that of the general Irish population, and explore whether the mortality gap has changed over time. METHODS 171 individuals diagnosed with a first episode psychosis identified between 1995 and 1999 in a community mental health service were traced. Mortality was established by matching death certificates to deceased cohort members (using name, age at date of death, and address at date of death). Date of first presentation to service was used as date of entry point and date of death or end of follow-up as the end point. RESULTS Of the 171 cases there were 20 deaths during follow-up. Nine deaths were attributed to natural causes; 7 to unnatural causes; and 4 were unknown. Comparing standardised mortality rates at 20-year follow-up to those at 12 year showed a reduction in rates over time. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the mortality gap in people with schizophrenia and other psychoses remains high, especially in young males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin Doyle
- Dublin and East Treatment and Early Care Team (DETECT) Services, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Donal O'Keeffe
- Dublin and East Treatment and Early Care Team (DETECT) Services, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ailish Hannigan
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Anthony Kinsella
- Dublin and East Treatment and Early Care Team (DETECT) Services, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caragh Behan
- Dublin and East Treatment and Early Care Team (DETECT) Services, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aine Kelly
- Research Department, Saint John of God Hospitaller Ministries, Stillorgan, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ann Sheridan
- School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kevin Madigan
- Saint John of God Community Mental Health Services, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Post Graduate Studies, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Lawlor
- Dublin and East Treatment and Early Care Team (DETECT) Services, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
- Saint John of God Community Mental Health Services, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Clarke
- Dublin and East Treatment and Early Care Team (DETECT) Services, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Fernberg U, Op 't Roodt J, Fernström M, Hurtig-Wennlöf A. Body composition is a strong predictor of local carotid stiffness in Swedish, young adults - the cross sectional Lifestyle, biomarkers, and atherosclerosis study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:205. [PMID: 31455254 PMCID: PMC6712809 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity has nearly tripled worldwide during the last four decades, especially in young adults, and is of growing concern since it is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We explored how different body composition measurements are associated with intima media thickness (cIMT) and local stiffness in the common carotid artery, in a subsample of healthy, young women and men, from the Swedish Lifestyle, Biomarkers, and Atherosclerosis (LBA) Study. Methods From the LBA study, a subsample of 220 randomly selected, self-reported healthy individuals, 18–25 years old, were collected for the automatized local stiffness measurements; arterial distensibility, Young’s elastic modulus, and β stiffness index. Blood pressure and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured using automatic blood pressure equipment. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, waist circumference was measured, and percentage of body fat assessed using an impedance body composition analyzer. The carotid artery was scanned by ultrasound and analyzed using B-mode edge wall tracking. cIMT was measured and local stiffness measurements were calculated with carotid blood pressure, measured with applanation tonometry. Results No association was found between cIMT and body composition. Local carotid stiffness was associated with body composition, and women had less stiff arteries than men (p < 0.001). Of the local stiffness measurements, arterial distensibility had the strongest associations with body composition measurements in both women and men (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analyses showed that BMI in women and BMI and percentage of body fat in men had the highest impact on arterial distensibility (p < 0.01 in both women and men). Conclusions Arterial distensibility was the local stiffness measurement with the strongest associations to different body composition measurements, in both women and men. In this age group, body composition measurements seem to be stronger predictors of common carotid arterial stiffness than MAP, and is a convenient way of detecting young adults who need cardiovascular risk follow-up and lifestyle counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Fernberg
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden. .,School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 701 82, Örebro, SE, Sweden.
| | - Jos Op 't Roodt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,CARIM, School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Fernström
- Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anita Hurtig-Wennlöf
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Basit A, Tanveer S, Fawwad A, Naeem N. Prevalence and contributing risk factors for hypertension in urban and rural areas of Pakistan; a study from second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016-2017. Clin Exp Hypertens 2019; 42:218-224. [PMID: 31151358 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2019.1619753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To assess the prevalence and its associated risk factors for hypertension in urban and rural areas of Pakistan.Methods: This study is the part of second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016-2017, a large community-based epidemiological survey. Hypertension was determined for urban/rural areas of all four provinces of Pakistan. Known hypertensives were considered as individuals with self-reported history of hypertension and/or taking any antihypertensive drug and newly diagnosed hypertension is defined; as systolic blood pressure was ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. Detailed information of the survey participants were obtained from the second NDSP 2016-2017 predesigned questionnaire, which has been published earlier.Results: Overall, age adjusted weighted prevalence of hypertension was 46.2%, of which 24.9% had self-reported hypertension and 21.3% were newly diagnosed hypertensive. Prevalence of hypertension in urban and rural areas was 44.3% and 46.8%, respectively. Highest weighted prevalence of hypertension was observed in Punjab 49.2% followed by Sindh 46.3%, Baluchistan 40.9%, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 33.3%. Hypertension was more prevalent in rural areas compared to urban areas except in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa where it was more prevalent in urban areas. Age, female gender, marital status, positive family history of hypertension, low physical activity, positive family history of diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with hypertension.Conclusion: This study concludes that 46.2% prevalence of hypertension is alarming in Pakistan with its associated risk factors. Hence, implementation laws with lifestyle changes and educating people are required on urgent basis to control or reduce hypertension prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Salma Tanveer
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nishter Medical University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Asher Fawwad
- Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Research, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Naeem
- Endocrine Fellow, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Yu L, He J, Wang L, Yi H. Incidence, aetiology, and serotype spectrum analysis of adult hand, foot, and mouth disease patients: A retrospective observational cohort study in northern Zhejiang, China. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 85:28-36. [PMID: 31100417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in adults has rarely been reported in the literature, although its clinical significance is underestimated. This study was performed to systematically elucidate the epidemiological characteristics of adult HFMD. METHODS A total of 266 adult patients with HFMD were recruited. The control group comprised 40 healthy adults. Swabs and serum samples were collected. Enterovirus strains were tested by RT-PCR, and cytokine expression was examined using commercial kits. Socio-demographic data were collected through follow-up telephone calls. Daily meteorological data were obtained from the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System. Socio-economic data were collected from the statistical bureau. RESULTS This study identified several unique spatiotemporal patterns in adult HFMD. Having a child recently diagnosed with HFMD was a risk factor for HFMD, whereas keeping pets was a protective factor against HFMD. The results of this study indicate the existence of subclinical carriers or misdiagnosed patients who might be the latent infectious source of HFMD. Further, this study also indicated that adults may act as the main infectious source of trans-regional spread of HFMD. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the potential hazards of adult HFMD and is a reminder of the vital clinical significance of further research into adult HFMD.
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Ge XM, Yang WM, Zhu QY, Wu XL, Shen ZY, Zhu JH, Lan GH, Chen HH, Meng Q, Zhou XJ, Ding DN, Liu XH, Tang S, Huang JH, Deng YQ. [ Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 2010-2017]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 40:315-21. [PMID: 30884610 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) with a purpose to accurately provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures, 2010-2017. Methods: Data were retrieved from case reporting cards of Guangxi during 2010 to 2017 through National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Data was analyzed using epidemiological methods such number of cases, proportion and rate. χ(2) test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The HIV positive rate was 12.53 per ten thousand (85 182/67 959 000) in Guangxi during 2010 to 2017. The number of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases and the number of death yearly respectively increased by 22.34%(2 602/11 648) and 32.83% (952/2 900) in 2011 compared with 2010, and both showed a six-year continuous downward trend (the number of newly diagnosed cases respectively 12 229 cases, 10 877 cases, 9 460 cases, 9 190 cases, 8 848 cases, 8 680 cases, and the number of death respectively 3 888 cases, 3 316 cases, 2 914 cases, 2 717 cases, 2 595 cases, 2 600 cases) from 2012 to 2017. But proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% (50.53%-57.06%) for eight-years continuously. The ratio of male and female was 2.47 ∶ 1 (60 639/24 543). The ratio of males and females aged 50 and over was 2.71∶1 (28 654/10 557). Proportion of the cases in 25-49 years old group and 50 years old group accounting for 47.40%(40 377/85 182) and 46.03% (39 211/85 182) respectively. The occupation was farmers accounting for 68.40% (58 262/85 182), housekeeping, housework and unemployment accounting for 11.21% (9 546/85 182), student accounting for 0.86% (729/85 182). Heterosexual transmission accounted for 90.60% (77 171/85 182, homosexual transmission accounted for 3.13% (2 669/85 182), injection drug use transmission accounted for 4.60%(3 924/85 182) and mother-to-child transmission accounted for 0.73% (619/85 182). Conclusions: The number of newly diagnosed cases and the number of death yearly showed a continuous downtrend for six-years from 2012 to 2017. However, proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% for eight-years. The major route of infection was heterosexual transmission. With the change of HIV/AIDS newly epidemic mode in Guangxi, there are many new challenges for HIV/AIDS prevention and control work. Strategy of targeted intervention modes should be innovated for a new breakthrough.
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Larsen R, Bäckström D, Fredrikson M, Steinvall I, Gedeborg R, Sjoberg F. Female risk-adjusted survival advantage after injuries caused by falls, traffic or assault: a nationwide 11-year study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2019; 27:24. [PMID: 30871611 PMCID: PMC6419337 DOI: 10.1186/s13049-019-0597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A female survival advantage after injury has been observed, and animal models of trauma have suggested either hormonal or genetic mechanisms as component causes. Our aim was to compare age and risk-adjusted sex-related mortality in hospital for the three most common mechanisms of injury in relation to hormonal effects as seen by age. METHODS All hospital admissions for injury in Sweden during the period 2001-2011 were retrieved from the National Patient Registry and linked to the Cause of Death Registry. The International Classification of Diseases Injury Severity Score (ICISS) was used to adjust for injury severity, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index to adjust for comorbidity. Age categories (0-14, 15-50, and ≥ 51 years) were used to represent pre-menarche, reproductive and post- menopausal women. RESULTS Women had overall a survival benefit (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.50 to 0.53) after adjustment for injury severity and comorbidity. A similar pattern was seen across the age categories (0-14 years OR 0.56 (95% CI 0.25 to 1.25), 15-50 years OR 0.70 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.87), and ≥ 51 years OR 0.49 (95% CI 0.48 to 0.51)). CONCLUSION In this 11-year population-based study we found no support for an oestrogen-related mechanism to explain the survival advantage for females compared to males following hospitalisation for injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Larsen
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. .,Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linkoping University, S-58185, Linkoping, Sweden. .,Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden.
| | - Denise Bäckström
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden.,Life Regiment Hussars, K3, Karlsborg, Sweden
| | - Mats Fredrikson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Steinvall
- Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Rolf Gedeborg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Folke Sjoberg
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linkoping University, S-58185, Linkoping, Sweden.,Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
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Peng XM, Cui YX, Cui LL, Zhou JW. [Analysis of pesticide poisoning in Ji'nan during 2012-2016]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 36:198-201. [PMID: 29996221 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the current situation and distribution characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Ji'nan area, and to provide the basis for formulating the policy of scientific prevention and control of pesticide poisoning. Methods: The cases of pesticide poisoning from 2012 to 2016 were collected from medical institutions in Ji'nan, and the data was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: From 2012 to 2016 in Ji'nan reported a total of 2 237 cases of pesticide poisoning, non productive pesticide poisoning cases (72.78%, 2 149/2 237) and mortality (17.73%, 381/2 149) was significantly higher than that of productive pesticide poisoning. The average age is 46.78±18.57. The highest mortality rate of pesticide poisoning is more than 70 age group of the non productive pesticide poisoning. Organophosphorus pesticides (67.68%, 1 514/2 237) are the main pesticides causing poisoning, followed by herbicide (23.74%, 531/2 237). The highest mortality rate of pesticide was Paraquat (36.45%, 160/439), the second is the dichlorvos (19.19%, 170/886). Conclusion: Pesticide poisoning is a public health problem and social problem which is harmful to the health of the residents in Ji'nan. It is necessary to strengthen the control and management of high toxic pesticides. Pay attention to the psychological intervention of elderly people to reduce the incidence of pesticide poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Peng
- Jinan Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Jinan 250021, China
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