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Chia KS, Kourelis J, Teulet A, Vickers M, Sakai T, Walker JF, Schornack S, Kamoun S, Carella P. The N-terminal domains of NLR immune receptors exhibit structural and functional similarities across divergent plant lineages. Plant Cell 2024:koae113. [PMID: 38598645 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins are a prominent class of intracellular immune receptors in plants. However, our understanding of plant NLR structure and function is limited to the evolutionarily young flowering plant clade. Here, we describe an extended spectrum of NLR diversity across divergent plant lineages and demonstrate the structural and functional similarities of N-terminal domains that trigger immune responses. We show that the broadly distributed coiled-coil (CC) and toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain families of non-flowering plants retain immune-related functions through trans-lineage activation of cell death in the angiosperm Nicotiana benthamiana. We further examined a CC subfamily specific to non-flowering lineages and uncovered an essential N-terminal MAEPL motif that is functionally comparable to motifs in resistosome-forming CC-NLRs. Consistent with a conserved role in immunity, the ectopic activation of CCMAEPL in the non-flowering liverwort Marchantia polymorpha led to profound growth inhibition, defense gene activation, and signatures of cell death. Moreover, comparative transcriptomic analyses of CCMAEPL activity delineated a common CC-mediated immune program shared across evolutionarily divergent non-flowering and flowering plants. Collectively, our findings highlight the ancestral nature of NLR-mediated immunity during plant evolution that dates its origin to at least ∼500 million years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khong-Sam Chia
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jiorgos Kourelis
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Albin Teulet
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Vickers
- Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Toshiyuki Sakai
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph F Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | | | - Sophien Kamoun
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Carella
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
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2
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Kälin C, Piombo E, Bourras S, Brantestam AK, Dubey M, Elfstrand M, Karlsson M. Transcriptomic analysis identifies candidate genes for Aphanomyces root rot disease resistance in pea. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:144. [PMID: 38413860 PMCID: PMC10900555 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aphanomyces euteiches is a soil-borne oomycete that causes root rot in pea and other legume species. Symptoms of Aphanomyces root rot (ARR) include root discoloration and wilting, leading to significant yield losses in pea production. Resistance to ARR is known to be polygenic but the roles of single genes in the pea immune response are still poorly understood. This study uses transcriptomics to elucidate the immune response of two pea genotypes varying in their levels of resistance to A. euteiches. RESULTS In this study, we inoculated roots of the pea (P. sativum L.) genotypes 'Linnea' (susceptible) and 'PI180693' (resistant) with two different A. euteiches strains varying in levels of virulence. The roots were harvested at 6 h post-inoculation (hpi), 20 hpi and 48 hpi, followed by differential gene expression analysis. Our results showed a time- and genotype-dependent immune response towards A. euteiches infection, involving several WRKY and MYB-like transcription factors, along with genes associated with jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. By cross-referencing with genes segregating with partial resistance to ARR, we identified 39 candidate disease resistance genes at the later stage of infection. Among the genes solely upregulated in the resistant genotype 'PI180693', Psat7g091800.1 was polymorphic between the pea genotypes and encoded a Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase reminiscent of the Arabidopsis thaliana FLAGELLIN-SENSITIVE 2 receptor. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the gene expression dynamics controlling the immune response of resistant and susceptible pea genotypes to A. euteiches infection. We present a set of 39 candidate disease resistance genes for ARR in pea, including the putative immune receptor Psat7g091800.1, for future functional validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Kälin
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Edoardo Piombo
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Salim Bourras
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Mukesh Dubey
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Elfstrand
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Karlsson
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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3
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Li L, Liu J, Zhou JM. From molecule to cell: the expanding frontiers of plant immunity. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00034-1. [PMID: 38417548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the field of plant immunity has witnessed remarkable breakthroughs. During the co-evolution between plants and pathogens, plants have developed a wealth of intricate defense mechanisms to safeguard their survival. Newly identified immune receptors have added unexpected complexity to the surface and intracellular sensor networks, enriching our understanding of the ongoing plant-pathogen interplay. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of resistosome shapes our understanding of these mysterious molecules in plant immunity. Moreover, technological innovations are expanding the horizon of the plant-pathogen battlefield into spatial and temporal scales. While the development provides new opportunities for untangling the complex realm of plant immunity, challenges remain in uncovering plant immunity across spatiotemporal dimensions from both molecular and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China.
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4
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Tomiyasu N, Takahashi M, Toyonaga K, Yamasaki S, Bamba T, Izumi Y. Efficient lipidomic approach for the discovery of lipid ligands for immune receptors by combining LC-HRMS/MS analysis with fractionation and reporter cell assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-05111-w. [PMID: 38135762 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05111-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), which are pattern recognition receptors responsible for triggering innate immune responses, recognize damaged self-components and immunostimulatory lipids from pathogenic bacteria; however, several of their ligands remain unknown. Here, we propose a new analytical platform combining liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry with microfractionation capability (LC-FRC-HRMS/MS) and a reporter cell assay for sensitive activity measurements to develop an efficient methodology for searching for lipid ligands of CLR from microbial trace samples (crude cell extracts of approximately 5 mg dry cell/mL). We also developed an in-house lipidomic library containing accurate mass and fragmentation patterns of more than 10,000 lipid molecules predicted in silico for 90 lipid subclasses and 35 acyl side chain fatty acids. Using the developed LC-FRC-HRMS/MS system, the lipid extracts of Helicobacter pylori were separated and fractionated, and HRMS and HRMS/MS spectra were obtained simultaneously. The fractionated lipid extract samples in 96-well plates were thereafter subjected to reporter cell assays using nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter cells expressing mouse or human macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle). A total of 102 lipid molecules from all fractions were annotated using an in-house lipidomic library. Furthermore, a fraction that exhibited significant activity in the NFAT-GFP reporter cell assay contained α-cholesteryl glucoside, a type of glycolipid, which was successfully identified as a lipid ligand molecule for Mincle. Our analytical platform has the potential to be a useful tool for efficient discovery of lipid ligands for immunoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Tomiyasu
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Toyonaga
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Section of Infection Biology, Department of Functional Bioscience, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
- Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Cadiou L, Brunisholz F, Cesari S, Kroj T. Molecular engineering of plant immune receptors for tailored crop disease resistance. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2023; 74:102381. [PMID: 37192575 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The specific recognition of pathogen effectors by intracellular nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat domain receptors (NLRs) is an important component of plant immunity. Creating NLRs with new bespoke recognition specificities is a major goal in molecular plant pathology as it promises to provide unlimited resources for the resistance of crops against diseases. Recent breakthrough discoveries on the structure and molecular activity of NLRs begin to enable their knowledge-guided molecular engineering. First, studies succeeded to extend or change effector recognition specificities by modifying, in a structure-guided manner, the NLR domains that directly bind effectors. By modifying the LRR domain of the singleton NLR Sr35 or the unconventional decoy domains of the helper NLRs RGA5 or Pik-1, receptors that detected other or additional effectors were created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila Cadiou
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Francois Brunisholz
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Stella Cesari
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Kroj
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France.
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Lees WD, Christley S, Peres A, Kos JT, Corrie B, Ralph D, Breden F, Cowell LG, Yaari G, Corcoran M, Karlsson Hedestam GB, Ohlin M, Collins AM, Watson CT, Busse CE. AIRR community curation and standardised representation for immunoglobulin and T cell receptor germline sets. Immunoinformatics (Amst) 2023; 10:100025. [PMID: 37388275 PMCID: PMC10310305 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuno.2023.100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of an individual's immunoglobulin or T cell receptor gene repertoire can provide important insights into immune function. High-quality analysis of adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing data depends upon accurate and relatively complete germline sets, but current sets are known to be incomplete. Established processes for the review and systematic naming of receptor germline genes and alleles require specific evidence and data types, but the discovery landscape is rapidly changing. To exploit the potential of emerging data, and to provide the field with improved state-of-the-art germline sets, an intermediate approach is needed that will allow the rapid publication of consolidated sets derived from these emerging sources. These sets must use a consistent naming scheme and allow refinement and consolidation into genes as new information emerges. Name changes should be minimised, but, where changes occur, the naming history of a sequence must be traceable. Here we outline the current issues and opportunities for the curation of germline IG/TR genes and present a forward-looking data model for building out more robust germline sets that can dovetail with current established processes. We describe interoperability standards for germline sets, and an approach to transparency based on principles of findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D. Lees
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, London, England
- Human-Centered Computing and Information Science, Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science, Porto, Portugal
| | - Scott Christley
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ayelet Peres
- Bioengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Justin T. Kos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Brian Corrie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Duncan Ralph
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Felix Breden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Lindsay G. Cowell
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gur Yaari
- Bioengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Martin Corcoran
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Swede
| | | | - Mats Ohlin
- Department of Immunotechnology and SciLifeLab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrew M. Collins
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Corey T. Watson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Christian E. Busse
- Division of B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Richard D, Phillip S, Hosseinali A, Gracie DZ, Hai L, January W, Holtgrewe M, Charlotte T, Melina M, Xiaomin W, Zehra K, Jacopo S, Jan-Moritz D, Ralf-Harto H, Bernd H, Anja B, Sandra S, Dilduz T, Norbert S, Martin W, Stefan H, Carsten S, Wolfgang P, Leif E S, Dieter B, Florian K, Toumy G, Ulf L, Jan B, Khai L, Rubelt F, Bettina H. Highly multiplexed immune repertoire sequencing links multiple lymphocyte classes with severity of response to COVID-19. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 48:101438. [PMID: 35600330 PMCID: PMC9106482 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease progression of subjects with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) varies dramatically. Understanding the various types of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for better clinical management of coronavirus outbreaks and to potentially improve future therapies. Disease dynamics can be characterized by deciphering the adaptive immune response. METHODS In this cross-sectional study we analyzed 117 peripheral blood immune repertoires from healthy controls and subjects with mild to severe COVID-19 disease to elucidate the interplay between B and T cells. We used an immune repertoire Primer Extension Target Enrichment method (immunoPETE) to sequence simultaneously human leukocyte antigen (HLA) restricted T cell receptor beta chain (TRB) and unrestricted T cell receptor delta chain (TRD) and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) immune receptor repertoires. The distribution was analyzed of TRB, TRD and IgH clones between healthy and COVID-19 infected subjects. Using McFadden's Adjusted R2 variables were examined for a predictive model. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of the adaptive immune repertoire on the severity of the disease (value on the World Health Organization Clinical Progression Scale) in COVID-19. FINDINGS Combining clinical metadata with clonotypes of three immune receptor heavy chains (TRB, TRD, and IgH), we found significant associations between COVID-19 disease severity groups and immune receptor sequences of B and T cell compartments. Logistic regression showed an increase in shared IgH clonal types and decrease of TRD in subjects with severe COVID-19. The probability of finding shared clones of TRD clonal types was highest in healthy subjects (controls). Some specific TRB clones seems to be present in severe COVID-19 (Figure S7b). The most informative models (McFadden´s Adjusted R2=0.141) linked disease severity with immune repertoire measures across all three cell types, as well as receptor-specific cell counts, highlighting the importance of multiple lymphocyte classes in disease progression. INTERPRETATION Adaptive immune receptor peripheral blood repertoire measures are associated with COVID-19 disease severity. FUNDING The study was funded with grants from the Berlin Institute of Health (BIH).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suwalski Phillip
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, DE 10117, Germany
| | | | | | - Lin Hai
- Roche Sequencing Solutions Pleasanton, CA 94588, United States
| | - Weiner January
- Core Unit Bioinformatics Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 10178, Germany
| | - Manuel Holtgrewe
- Core Unit Bioinformatics Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 10178, Germany
| | - Thibeault Charlotte
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 12203, Germany
| | - Müller Melina
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, DE 10117, Germany
| | - Wang Xiaomin
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, DE 10117, Germany
| | - Karadeniz Zehra
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, DE 10117, Germany
| | - Saccomanno Jacopo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 12203, Germany
| | - Doehn Jan-Moritz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 12203, Germany
| | - Hübner Ralf-Harto
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 12203, Germany
| | | | - Blüher Anja
- Signature Diagnostics GmbH, DE 14473, Germany
| | | | - Telman Dilduz
- Roche Sequencing Solutions Pleasanton, CA 94588, United States
| | - Suttorp Norbert
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 12203, Germany
| | - Witzenrath Martin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 12203, Germany
| | - Hippenstiel Stefan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 12203, Germany
| | - Skurk Carsten
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, DE 10117, Germany
| | - Poller Wolfgang
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, DE 10117, Germany
| | - Sander Leif E
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 12203, Germany
| | - Beule Dieter
- Core Unit Bioinformatics Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 10178, Germany
| | - Kurth Florian
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DE 12203, Germany
| | | | - Landmesser Ulf
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, DE 10117, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Berka Jan
- Roche Sequencing Solutions Pleasanton, CA 94588, United States
| | - Luong Khai
- Roche Sequencing Solutions Pleasanton, CA 94588, United States
| | | | - Florian Rubelt
- Roche Sequencing Solutions Pleasanton, CA 94588, United States
| | - Heidecker Bettina
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, DE 10117, Germany
- Corresponding authors.
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Makaremi S, Moran-Mirabal J. Measuring the Lateral Diffusion of Plasma Membrane Receptors Using Raster Image Correlation Spectroscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2440:289-303. [PMID: 35218546 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2051-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Raster image correlation spectroscopy (RICS) enables detecting and quantifying diffusion in live cells using standard commercial laser scanning confocal microscopes. Here, we describe a protocol based on RICS for measuring the lateral diffusion of two immunoreceptors within the plasma membrane of the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. The sample images and measurements presented in this chapter were obtained from RICS analysis of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), which are transmembrane and membrane-anchored receptors, respectively. A step-by-step guideline is provided to acquire raster-scanned images and to extract the diffusion coefficients using RICS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Makaremi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jose Moran-Mirabal
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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9
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Ojeda N, Salazar C, Cárdenas C, Marshall SH. Expression of DC-SIGN-like C-Type Lectin Receptors in Salmo salar. Dev Comp Immunol 2020; 113:103806. [PMID: 32739503 PMCID: PMC7392198 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
C-Type Lectin Receptors (CTLR) are involved in the activation of innate and adaptative immune responses. Among these receptors, the Dendritic Cell-Specific ICAM-3-Grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN/CD209) has become a hot topic due to its ability to bind and facilitate the infections processes of several pathogens. Although well characterized in mammals, little documentation exists about the receptor in salmonid fishes. Here, we report the sequence and expression analysis of eight DC-SIGN-like genes in Salmo salar. Each receptor displays structural similarities to DC-SIGN molecules described in mammals, including internalization motifs, a neck region with heptad repeats, and a Ca+2-dependent carbohydrate recognition domain. The receptors are expressed in multiple tissues of fish, and fish cell lines, with differential expression upon infection with viral and bacterial pathogens. The identification of DC-SIGN-like receptors in Salmo salar provides new information regarding the structure of the immune system of salmon, potential markers for cell subsets, as well as insights into DC-SIGN conservation across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Ojeda
- Instituto de Biologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Carolina Salazar
- Instituto de Biologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Constanza Cárdenas
- Instituto de Biologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Sergio H Marshall
- Instituto de Biologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile.
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10
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Yoshimura A, Hatanaka R, Tanaka H, Kitajima K, Sato C. The conserved arginine residue in all siglecs is essential for Siglec-7 binding to sialic acid. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 534:1069-75. [PMID: 33248687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Siglecs are sialic acid (Sia)-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins; the majority of Siglecs functions as transmembrane receptors on the immune cells via Sia residues. Recently, a new Sia binding site in Siglec-7, termed site 2, where arginine (R) 67 was critical, was identified by computational modeling and biochemical analyses, relative to the primary Sia binding site, termed site 1, containing critical R124. Here, the presence of a new essential R94 residue, which is completely conserved among all identified Siglecs, was demonstrated. A mutation of R94 residue in Siglec-7 led to the disappearance of the Sia binding property, similar to a site 1 mutation (R124A). R94 is close to R67 in site 2, and site 2 mutations at either of them abolished the ligand-binding properties to both gangliosides and glycoproteins. These data suggest that, in addition to site 1, the conserved R residue among Siglecs in site 2 is another functional site.
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11
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Korgaonkar AA, Nguyen S, Li Y, Sekhar D, Subramanian D, Guevarra J, Pang KCH, Santhakumar V. Distinct cellular mediators drive the Janus faces of toll-like receptor 4 regulation of network excitability which impacts working memory performance after brain injury. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:381-395. [PMID: 32259563 PMCID: PMC7415537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which the neurophysiological and inflammatory responses to brain injury contribute to memory impairments are not fully understood. Recently, we reported that the innate immune receptor, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) enhances AMPA receptor (AMPAR) currents and excitability in the dentate gyrus after fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) while limiting excitability in controls. Here, we examine the cellular mediators underlying TLR4 regulation of dentate excitability and its impact on memory performance. In ex vivo slices, astrocytic and microglial metabolic inhibitors selectively abolished TLR4 antagonist modulation of excitability in controls, but not in rats after FPI, demonstrating that glial signaling contributes to TLR4 regulation of excitability in controls. In glia-depleted neuronal cultures from naïve mice, TLR4 ligands bidirectionally modulated AMPAR charge transfer consistent with neuronal TLR4 regulation of excitability, as observed after brain injury. In vivo TLR4 antagonism reduced early post-injury increases in mediators of MyD88-dependent and independent TLR4 signaling without altering expression in controls. Blocking TNFα, a downstream effector of TLR4, mimicked effects of TLR4 antagonist and occluded TLR4 agonist modulation of excitability in slices from both control and FPI rats. Functionally, transiently blocking TLR4 in vivo improved impairments in working memory observed one week and one month after FPI, while the same treatment impaired memory function in uninjured controls. Together these data identify that distinct cellular signaling mechanisms converge on TNFα to mediate TLR4 modulation of network excitability in the uninjured and injured brain and demonstrate a role for TLR4 in regulation of working memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshata A. Korgaonkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103,,Correspondence: Akshata Korgaonkar, PhD, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, Campus box 8111, St Louis, MO 63110, Phone (Off): 314.362.2999,
| | - Susan Nguyen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Dipika Sekhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103,,Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Deepak Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103,,Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Jenieve Guevarra
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Kevin C H Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103,,Neurobehavioral Research Lab, Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center–New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, New Jersey
| | - Vijayalakshmi Santhakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103,,Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
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12
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Gupta N, Regar H, Verma VK, Prusty D, Mishra A, Prajapati VK. Receptor-ligand based molecular interaction to discover adjuvant for immune cell TLRs to develop next-generation vaccine. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:535-545. [PMID: 32112848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human immune cell toll-like receptors (TLRs) provide a novel chance for the development of the vaccine adjuvant engaging TLR signaling. A library of peptides was developed and peptides structure was generated through homology modeling and refinement. Further, these peptides were subjected to receptor-ligand interaction study against human immune cell TLRs using Schrödinger-suite software. Here, we identified the most potent ligands for each human immune cell receptor and identified it as a potent adjuvant. This work portrays the ability of binding of different known protein adjuvants with human TLRs 1--10. The significance of the study deals with the identification of adjuvant (ligand) for human TLRs individually which assist in the development of the optimal highly immunogenic vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305817 Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hansa Regar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305817 Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Verma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305817 Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dhaneswar Prusty
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305817 Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342011, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305817 Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
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Vanbervliet-Defrance B, Delaunay T, Daunizeau T, Kepenekian V, Glehen O, Weber K, Estornes Y, Ziverec A, Djemal L, Delphin M, Lantuéjoul S, Passot G, Grégoire M, Micheau O, Blanquart C, Renno T, Fonteneau JF, Lebecque S, Mahtouk K. Cisplatin unleashes Toll-like receptor 3-mediated apoptosis through the downregulation of c-FLIP in malignant mesothelioma. Cancer Lett 2019; 472:29-39. [PMID: 31838086 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is an immune receptor that behaves like a death receptor in tumor cells, thereby providing an original target for cancer therapy. The therapeutic potential of TLR3 targeting in malignant mesothelioma, an aggressive and incurable neoplasia of the pleura and peritoneum, has so far not been addressed. We investigated TLR3 expression and sensitivity of human mesothelioma cell lines to the synthetic dsRNA Poly(I:C), alone or in combination with cisplatin, the gold standard chemotherapy in mesothelioma. Activation of TLR3 by Poly(I:C) induced apoptosis of 4/8 TLR3-positive cell lines but not of TLR3-negative cell lines. The combined cisplatin/Poly(I:C) treatment enhanced apoptosis of 3/4 Poly(I:C)-sensitive cell lines and overcame resistance to Poly(I:C) or cisplatin alone in 2/4 cell lines. Efficacy of the combined treatment relied on cisplatin-induced downregulation of c-FLIP, the main regulator of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, leading to an enhanced caspase-8-mediated pathway. Of note, 6/6 primary cell samples isolated from patients with peritoneal mesothelioma expressed TLR3. Patient-derived cells were sensitive to Poly(I:C) alone while the combined cisplatin/Poly(I:C) treatment induced dramatic cell death. Our findings demonstrate that TLR3 targeting in combination with cisplatin presents an innovative therapeutic strategy in mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Vanbervliet-Defrance
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Tiphaine Delaunay
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université D'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Labex IGO, Immunology Graft Oncology, Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Daunizeau
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vahan Kepenekian
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale et Oncologique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EMR 3738, Oullins, France
| | - Olivier Glehen
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale et Oncologique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EMR 3738, Oullins, France
| | - Kathrin Weber
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yann Estornes
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Ziverec
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Leila Djemal
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marion Delphin
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Lantuéjoul
- Department of Biopathology and Translation Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard and Synergie Lyon Cancer, Lyrican, Lyon, and Grenoble Alpes University, France
| | - Guillaume Passot
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale et Oncologique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EMR 3738, Oullins, France
| | - Marc Grégoire
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université D'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Labex IGO, Immunology Graft Oncology, Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Micheau
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, LNC UMR1231, F-21079, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Blanquart
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université D'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Labex IGO, Immunology Graft Oncology, Nantes, France
| | - Toufic Renno
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-François Fonteneau
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université D'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Labex IGO, Immunology Graft Oncology, Nantes, France
| | - Serge Lebecque
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Service D'Anatomie Pathologique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Karène Mahtouk
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France.
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Adachi H, Contreras MP, Harant A, Wu CH, Derevnina L, Sakai T, Duggan C, Moratto E, Bozkurt TO, Maqbool A, Win J, Kamoun S. An N-terminal motif in NLR immune receptors is functionally conserved across distantly related plant species. eLife 2019; 8:e49956. [PMID: 31774397 PMCID: PMC6944444 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular codes underpinning the functions of plant NLR immune receptors are poorly understood. We used in vitro Mu transposition to generate a random truncation library and identify the minimal functional region of NLRs. We applied this method to NRC4-a helper NLR that functions with multiple sensor NLRs within a Solanaceae receptor network. This revealed that the NRC4 N-terminal 29 amino acids are sufficient to induce hypersensitive cell death. This region is defined by the consensus MADAxVSFxVxKLxxLLxxEx (MADA motif) that is conserved at the N-termini of NRC family proteins and ~20% of coiled-coil (CC)-type plant NLRs. The MADA motif matches the N-terminal α1 helix of Arabidopsis NLR protein ZAR1, which undergoes a conformational switch during resistosome activation. Immunoassays revealed that the MADA motif is functionally conserved across NLRs from distantly related plant species. NRC-dependent sensor NLRs lack MADA sequences indicating that this motif has degenerated in sensor NLRs over evolutionary time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Adachi
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUnited Kingdom
| | - Mauricio P Contreras
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUnited Kingdom
| | - Adeline Harant
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUnited Kingdom
| | - Chih-hang Wu
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUnited Kingdom
| | - Lida Derevnina
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUnited Kingdom
| | - Toshiyuki Sakai
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUnited Kingdom
| | - Cian Duggan
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Eleonora Moratto
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Tolga O Bozkurt
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Abbas Maqbool
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUnited Kingdom
| | - Joe Win
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUnited Kingdom
| | - Sophien Kamoun
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUnited Kingdom
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15
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Lago N, Pannunzio B, Amo-Aparicio J, López-Vales R, Peluffo H. CD200 modulates spinal cord injury neuroinflammation and outcome through CD200R1. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 73:416-426. [PMID: 29870752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between CD200 and its receptor CD200R1 is among the central regulators of microglia and macrophage phenotype. However, it remains to be established whether, in the context of a traumatic CNS injury, CD200R1 act as a negative regulator of these particular innate immune cells, and if the exogenous delivery of CD200 may ameliorate neurological deficits. In the present study, we first evaluated whether preventing the local interaction between the pair CD200-CD200R1, by using a selective blocking antibody against CD200R1, has a role on functional and inflammatory outcome after contusion-induced spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice. The injection of the αCD200R1, but not control IgG1, into the lesioned spinal cord immediately after the SCI worsened locomotor performance and exacerbated neuronal loss and demyelination. At the neuroimmunological level, we observed that microglial cells and macrophages showed increased levels of iNOS and Ly6C upon CD200R1 blockade, indicating that the disruption of CD200R1 drove these cells towards a more pro-inflammatory phenotype. Moreover, although CD200R1 blockade had no effect in the initial infiltration of neutrophils into the lesioned spinal cord, it significantly impaired their clearance, which is a key sign of excessive inflammation. Interestingly, intraparenchymal injection of recombinant CD200-His immediately after the injury induced neuroprotection and robust and long-lasting locomotor recovery. In conclusion, this study reveals that interaction of CD200-CD200R1 plays a crucial role in limiting inflammation and lesion progression after SCI, and that boosting the stimulation of this pathway may constitute a new therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lago
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Bruno Pannunzio
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jesús Amo-Aparicio
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Neurociències, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rubèn López-Vales
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Neurociències, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Hugo Peluffo
- Neuroinflammation and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
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16
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Khatoon N, Ojha R, Mishra A, Prajapati VK. Examination of antigenic proteins of Trypanosoma cruzi to fabricate an epitope-based subunit vaccine by exploiting epitope mapping mechanism. Vaccine 2018; 36:6290-300. [PMID: 30217522 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a protozoan parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. This injurious disease spread by the circulation of the blood sucking triatomine insects and transmitted to humans. Chagas disease is endemic in Latin America and also known as American trypanosomasis. Currently, 7 million people are infected by T. cruzi infection and about 22,000 death cases were reported per year throughout the Americas. Various immunization approaches against T. cruzi infection have been examined and some of the developed vaccine showed efficacy in animal models but there is no effective and safe vaccines for humans have been developed yet. Since, the drug resistance is increasing day by day because the developed drug (nifurtimox and benznidazole) to control T. cruzi infection, failed to activate a prodrug and still no drug and vaccine have been established. To control the infection of chagas disease, here in this study we use immunoinformatics method to design multi-epitope subunit vaccine against T. cruzi infection. Moreover, on the basis of immunogenicity B and T cell epitopes were evaluated. The allergenicity, antigenicity was predicted to ensure the safety of vaccine constructs whereas, the physiochemical property showing the stable nature of final vaccine model. Further, molecular docking was performed to optimize the interaction between TLR-2 and TLR-4 (receptor) and vaccine model (ligand) complex. Molecular dynamics simulation was performed to evaluate the energy minimization; RMSD and RMSF plot which confirm the stability of TLR-2 and TLR-4 (receptor) present on immune cells and vaccine model (ligand) complex. This study needed the experimental validation for the safety and immunogenic behavior of designed vaccine protein and it may be helpful in future to control T. cruzi infection.
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Gao FX, Lu WJ, Wang Y, Zhang QY, Zhang YB, Mou CY, Li Z, Zhang XJ, Liu CW, Zhou L, Gui JF. Differential expression and functional diversification of diverse immunoglobulin domain-containing protein (DICP) family in three gynogenetic clones of gibel carp. Dev Comp Immunol 2018; 84:396-407. [PMID: 29555550 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Diverse immunoglobulin (Ig) domain-containing protein (DICP) family is a novel bony fish-specific multi-gene family encoding diversified immune receptors. However, their function and the implication of binding partners remain unknown. In this study, we first identified 28 DICPs from three gibel carp gynogenetic clones and revealed their high variability and clone-specific feature. After crucian carp herpesvirus (CaHV) infection, these DICPs were significantly upregulated in head kidney, kidney and spleen. The up-regulation folds in clone A+, F and H were related to the susceptibility to CaHV, progressively increasing from resistant clone to susceptible clone. Overexpression of gibel carp DICPs inhibited interferon (IFN) and viperin promoter-driven luciferase activity. The additions of E. coli extracts and lipid A significantly enhanced the inhibition effect. In addition, gibel carp DICPs can interact with SHP-1 and SHP-2. These findings suggest that gible carp DICPs, as inhibitory receptors, might specifically recognize lipid A, and then interact with SHP-1 and SHP-2 to inhibit the induction of IFN and ISGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi-Ya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng-Yan Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chao-Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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18
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Thomas NC, Oksenberg N, Liu F, Caddell D, Nalyvayko A, Nguyen Y, Schwessinger B, Ronald PC. The rice XA21 ectodomain fused to the Arabidopsis EFR cytoplasmic domain confers resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4456. [PMID: 29761034 PMCID: PMC5949059 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) plants expressing the XA21 cell-surface receptor kinase are resistant to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infection. We previously demonstrated that expressing a chimeric protein containing the ELONGATION FACTOR Tu RECEPTOR (EFR) ectodomain and the XA21 endodomain (EFR:XA21) in rice does not confer robust resistance to Xoo. To test if the XA21 ectodomain is required for Xoo resistance, we produced transgenic rice lines expressing a chimeric protein consisting of the XA21 ectodomain and EFR endodomain (XA21:EFR) and inoculated these lines with Xoo. We also tested if the XA21:EFR rice plants respond to a synthetic sulfated 21 amino acid derivative (RaxX21-sY) of the activator of XA21-mediated immunity, RaxX. We found that five independently transformed XA21:EFR rice lines displayed resistance to Xoo as measured by lesion length analysis, and showed that five lines share characteristic markers of the XA21 defense response (generation of reactive oxygen species and defense response gene expression) after treatment with RaxX21-sY. Our results indicate that expression of the XA21:EFR chimeric receptor in rice confers resistance to Xoo. These results suggest that the endodomain of the EFR and XA21 immune receptors are interchangeable and the XA21 ectodomain is the key determinant conferring robust resistance to Xoo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Thomas
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nir Oksenberg
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Furong Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Caddell
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alina Nalyvayko
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yen Nguyen
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Schwessinger
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Pamela C Ronald
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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19
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Rodriguez-Nunez I, Wcisel DJ, Litman RT, Litman GW, Yoder JA. The identification of additional zebrafish DICP genes reveals haplotype variation and linkage to MHC class I genes. Immunogenetics 2016; 68:295-312. [PMID: 26801775 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-016-0901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bony fish encode multiple multi-gene families of membrane receptors that are comprised of immunoglobulin (Ig) domains and are predicted to function in innate immunity. One of these families, the diverse immunoglobulin (Ig) domain-containing protein (DICP) genes, maps to three chromosomal loci in zebrafish. Most DICPs possess one or two Ig ectodomains and include membrane-bound and secreted forms. Membrane-bound DICPs include putative inhibitory and activating receptors. Recombinant DICP Ig domains bind lipids with varying specificity, a characteristic shared with mammalian CD300 and TREM family members. Numerous DICP transcripts amplified from different lines of zebrafish did not match the zebrafish reference genome sequence suggesting polymorphic and haplotypic variation. The expression of DICPs in three different lines of zebrafish has been characterized employing PCR-based strategies. Certain DICPs exhibit restricted expression in adult tissues whereas others are expressed ubiquitously. Transcripts of a subset of DICPs can be detected during embryonic development suggesting roles in embryonic immunity or other developmental processes. Transcripts representing 11 previously uncharacterized DICP sequences were identified. The assignment of two of these sequences to an unplaced genomic scaffold resulted in the identification of an alternative DICP haplotype that is linked to a MHC class I Z lineage haplotype on zebrafish chromosome 3. The linkage of DICP and MHC class I genes also is observable in the genomes of the related grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) suggesting that this is a shared character with the last common Cyprinidae ancestor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Rodriguez-Nunez
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Dustin J Wcisel
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Ronda T Litman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, USF/ACH Children's Research Institute, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Gary W Litman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, USF/ACH Children's Research Institute, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, All Children's Hospital Johns Hopkins Medicine, 501 6th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Yoder
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
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