1
|
Martens T, Schaballie H, Willekens J, Schelstraete P, Willems J, Muthialu N, Desender L. Anterior and posterior tracheopexy for severe tracheomalacia. JTCVS Tech 2023; 17:159-63. [PMID: 36820339 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Congenital tracheomalacia can be the cause of respiratory failure in young children. Although the indication for surgical treatment has already been discussed vigorously, no clear guidelines about the modality are available. Methods Through a sternotomy approach, a combination of posterior pexy and anterior tracheopexy using a tailored ringed polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis is performed. Patient demographic characteristics, as well as operative details and postoperative outcomes, are included in the analysis. Results Between 2018 and 2022, 9 children underwent the operation under review. All patients showed severe clinical symptoms of tracheomalacia, which was confirmed on bronchoscopy. The median age was 9 months. There was no operative mortality. Eight patients could be weaned from the ventilator. One patient died because of interstitial lung disease with bronchomalacia and concomitant severe cardiac disease. The longest follow-up now is 4 years, and shows overall excellent clinical results, without any reintervention. Conclusions Surgical treatment of tracheomalacia through a combination of posterior and anterior pexy is feasible, with acceptable short- and midterm results.
Collapse
|
2
|
Hoyle H, Stenger C, Przyborski S. Design considerations of benchtop fluid flow bioreactors for bio-engineered tissue equivalents in vitro. Biomater Biosyst 2022; 8:100063. [PMID: 36824373 PMCID: PMC9934498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major aims of bio-engineering tissue equivalents in vitro is to create physiologically relevant culture conditions to accurately recreate the cellular microenvironment. This often includes incorporation of factors such as the extracellular matrix, co-culture of multiple cell types and three-dimensional culture techniques. These advanced techniques can recapitulate some of the properties of tissue in vivo, however fluid flow is a key aspect that is often absent. Fluid flow can be introduced into cell and tissue culture using bioreactors, which are becoming increasingly common as we seek to produce increasingly accurate tissue models. Bespoke technology is continuously being developed to tailor systems for specific applications and to allow compatibility with a range of culture techniques. For effective perfusion of a tissue culture many parameters can be controlled, ranging from impacts of the fluid flow such as increased shear stress and mass transport, to potentially unwanted side effects such as temperature fluctuations. A thorough understanding of these properties and their implications on the culture model can aid with a more accurate interpretation of results. Improved and more complete characterisation of bioreactor properties will also lead to greater accuracy when reporting culture conditions in protocols, aiding experimental reproducibility, and allowing more precise comparison of results between different systems. In this review we provide an analysis of the different factors involved in the development of benchtop flow bioreactors and their potential biological impacts across a range of applications.
Collapse
Key Words
- 3D, three-dimensional
- ABS, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
- ALI, air-liquid interface
- Bioreactors
- CFD, computational fluid dynamics
- Cell culture
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- FDM, fused deposition modelling
- Fluid flow
- PC, polycarbonate
- PET, polyethylene terephthalate
- PLA, polylactic acid
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- SLA, stereolithography
- Tissue engineering
- UL, unstirred layer
- UV, ultraviolet light
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H.W. Hoyle
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - C.M.L. Stenger
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - S.A. Przyborski
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK,NETPark Incubator, Reprocell Europe Ltd., Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield TS21 3FD, UK,Corresponding author at: Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Acute variceal bleeding is the major cause of mortality in patients with cirrhosis. The standard medical and endoscopic treatment has reduced the mortality of variceal bleeding from 50% to 10-20%. The refractory variceal bleed is either because of failure to control the bleed or failure of secondary prophylaxis. The patients refractory to standard medical therapy need further interventions. The rescue therapies include balloon tamponade, self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) placement, shunt procedures, including transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided coiling. In cases where endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) has failed and the variceal bleeding continues, temporary measures like balloon tamponade can be used to achieve hemostasis and as a bridge to definitive measures. SEMS being in use for refractory bleed is preferred over balloon tamponade due to the reduced complication rate. The shunting procedures are highly effective in reducing portal pressure and represent the gold standard for uncontrolled variceal bleeding. The surgical shunts, as well as nonshunt surgeries such as devascularization have become less popular with the increasing use of minimally invasive techniques like TIPS. TIPS have high success rates in controlling refractory variceal bleeding. The mortality rate is greater in high-risk patients undergoing salvage TIPS, and hence, pre-emptive TIPS should be considered in these patients. BRTO is an interventional radiologic procedure used in the management of bleeding gastric and ectopic varices. The availability of gastrorenal or splenorenal shunts is required for the BRTO procedure, which helps to reach and obliterate the cardiofundal varices through the femoral or jugular vein approach. The EUS guided coiling and glue injection have shown promising results, and further randomized controlled trials are required to establish their efficacy for refractory variceal bleeding.
Collapse
Key Words
- BAATO, balloon-assisted antegrade transvenous obliteration
- BRTO
- BRTO, balloonoccluded retrograde transvenous obliteration
- DIPS, direct intrahepatic portacaval shunt
- EUS guided coiling
- EUS, endoscopic ultrasound
- EVL, endsocopic variceal ligation
- HVPG, hepatic venous pressure gradient
- PARTO, plug-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- PVT, portal vein thrombosis
- TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
- TIPSS
- portal hypertension
- refractory variceal bleed
Collapse
|
4
|
Salve GG, Cole AD, Nicholson IA, Winlaw DS, Chard RB, Orr Y. Modified pulmonary artery banding: A novel strategy for balancing pulmonary blood flow with transposed great arteries. JTCVS Tech 2021; 9:111-20. [PMID: 34647077 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the outcomes of a novel modified pulmonary artery banding (mPAB) technique used for staged repair of a subset of patients with complex transposition physiology. Methods A total of 13 patients who underwent mPAB during their staged repair (biventricular repair [BVR], n = 6) or palliation (1-1/2 repair, n = 1; univentricular repair [UVR], n = 6) from 2004 to 2020 were studied retrospectively. A restrictive interposition graft was used to reconstruct the main PA between the pulmonary root and the distal pulmonary confluence, functioning as a mPAB. Twelve of the 13 patients (92.3%) underwent a concurrent arterial switch operation (ASO), of which 6 were palliative ASOs for 1-1/2 repair (n = 1) or UVR (n = 5). Patient weight and cardiac anatomy determined the size of interposition graft. Results The disease spectrum included dextro transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) with multiple ventricular septal defects (VSDs) (n = 4), Taussig–Bing anomaly (n = 3), d-TGA with VSD and hypoplastic right ventricle (RV) (n = 3), double-inlet left ventricle with l-TGA (n = 2), and congenitally corrected TGA with double-outlet RV (n = 1). The Lecompte procedure was performed in 10 patients. Predischarge echocardiography revealed a band gradient of 61 mm Hg (interquartile range [IQR], 40-90 mm Hg) for BVR/1-1/2 ventricular repair (n = 7) and 49 mm Hg (IQR, 37-61 mm Hg) for UVR (n = 6). Survival was 100% at a median follow-up of 3.7 years (IQR, 2.6-4.0 years). Conclusions The mPAB technique is effective and reproducible for staged BVR or UVR for patients with TGA. It effectively regulates pulmonary blood flow, may reduce neopulmonary root distortion, and eliminates complications associated with band migration in standard PAB.
Collapse
Key Words
- ASO, arterial switch operation
- BDGS, bidirectional Glenn shunt
- BVR, biventricular repair
- Cx, circumflex artery
- IQR, interquartile range
- LPA, left pulmonary artery
- PA, pulmonary artery
- PAB, pulmonary artery banding
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- RPA, right pulmonary artery
- RV, right ventricle/ventricular
- UVR, univentricular repair
- VSD, ventricular septal defect
- arterial switch operation
- biventricular repair
- d-TGA, dextro transposition of the great arteries
- l-TGA, levo transposition of the great arteries
- mPAB, modified pulmonary artery banding
- modified pulmonary artery banding
- transposition of the great arteries
- univentricular repair
Collapse
|
5
|
Lai C, Zhang SJ, Chen XC, Sheng LY, Qi TW, Yan LP. Development of a cellulose-based prosthetic mesh for pelvic organ prolapse treatment: In vivo long-term evaluation in an ewe vagina model. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100172. [PMID: 34901822 PMCID: PMC8640518 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of vaginal surgical mesh to treat pelvic organ prolapse (POP) has been associated with high rates of mesh-related complications. In the present study, we prepared new kinds of meshes based on bacterial cellulose (BC) and collagen-coated BC (BCCOL) using a laser cutting method and perforation technique. The mechanical properties of pre-implanted BC meshes, including breaking strength, suture strength and rigidity, were equal to or exceeded those of available clinically used polypropylene meshes. An in vitro cellular assay revealed that BCCOL meshes exhibited enhanced biocompatibility by increasing collagen secretion and cell adhesion. Both BC and BCCOL meshes only caused weak inflammation and were surrounded by newly formed connective tissue composed of type I collagen after implantation in a rabbit subcutaneous model for one week, demonstrating that the novel mesh is fully biocompatible and can integrate into surrounding tissues. Furthermore, a long-term (ninety days) ewe vaginal implantation model was used to evaluate foreign body reactions and suitability of BC and BCCOL meshes as vaginal meshes. The results showed that the tissue surrounding the BC meshes returned to its original physiology as muscle tissue, indicating the excellent integration of BC meshes into the surrounding tissues without triggering severe local inflammatory response post-implantation. The collagen coating appeared to induce a chronic inflammatory response due to glutaraldehyde remnants. The present exploratory research demonstrated that the developed BC mesh might be a suitable candidate for treating POP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Tissue Regeneration and Repair, Shenzhen Institute Peking University, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China
| | - Shu-Jiang Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Xuan-Chen Chen
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Li-Yuan Sheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Tissue Regeneration and Repair, Shenzhen Institute Peking University, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China
| | - Tian-Wei Qi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518001, PR China
| | - Le-Ping Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dreessens E, Cox J, Ramsey J, Uyeda E, Adamson R, Jaski B, Narula A. Transaxillary Stenting of LVAD Outflow Graft Obstruction. JACC Case Rep 2021; 3:1064-1068. [PMID: 34317685 PMCID: PMC8311358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2021.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An 82-year-old man with a HeartMate II left ventricular assist device presented with low-flow alarms and cardiogenic shock secondary to left ventricular assist device outflow graft obstruction. Given high risk for redo sternotomy, the heart team decided on percutaneous intervention with peripheral stents, a procedure that is currently limited to case reports. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Dreessens
- Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Justin Cox
- Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jack Ramsey
- Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ensley Uyeda
- Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Brian Jaski
- Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Arvin Narula
- Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ma C, Nikiforov A, De Geyter N, Dai X, Morent R, Ostrikov KK. Future antiviral polymers by plasma processing. Prog Polym Sci 2021; 118:101410. [PMID: 33967350 PMCID: PMC8085113 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely threatening global public health, social stability, and economy. Efforts of the scientific community are turning to this global crisis and should present future preventative measures. With recent trends in polymer science that use plasma to activate and enhance the functionalities of polymer surfaces by surface etching, surface grafting, coating and activation combined with recent advances in understanding polymer-virus interactions at the nanoscale, it is promising to employ advanced plasma processing for smart antiviral applications. This trend article highlights the innovative and emerging directions and approaches in plasma-based surface engineering to create antiviral polymers. After introducing the unique features of plasma processing of polymers, novel plasma strategies that can be applied to engineer polymers with antiviral properties are presented and critically evaluated. The challenges and future perspectives of exploiting the unique plasma-specific effects to engineer smart polymers with virus-capture, virus-detection, virus-repelling, and/or virus-inactivation functionalities for biomedical applications are analysed and discussed.
Collapse
Key Words
- ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- Antiviral polymers
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- CF4, tetrafluoromethane
- COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- DC, direct current
- H2, hydrogen
- HBV, hepatitis B virus
- HMDSO, hexamethyldisiloxane
- IPNpp, plasma polymerized isopentyl nitrite
- MERS-CoV, middle east respiratory syndrome
- MW, microwave
- NO, nitric oxide
- PC, polycarbonate
- PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane
- PECVD, plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition
- PEG, polyethene glycol
- PET, polyethene terephthalate
- PFM, pentafluorophenyl methacrylate
- PP, polypropylene
- PPE, personal protective equipment
- PS, polystyrene
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- PVC, polyvinyl chloride
- REF, reference
- RF, radio frequency
- RONS, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
- RSV, respiratory syncytial virus
- RT-PCR, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
- RV, rhinovirus
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- TEOS-O2, tetraethyl orthosilicate and oxygen
- UV, ultraviolet
- WCA, water contact angle
- plasma processing
- surface modification
- ΔD, the variation of the dissipation
- Δf, the frequency shift
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlong Ma
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anton Nikiforov
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Geyter
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Rino Morent
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry and Physics and QUT Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 4000 Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abdulkader YC, Kamaruddin AF, Mydin RBSMN. Effects of salivary pH on coating durability of two different aesthetic archwire coatings under a simulated intraoral environment. Saudi Dent J 2020; 32:306-313. [PMID: 32874071 PMCID: PMC7452067 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study compared the effects of normal salivary pH, and acidic pH found in patients with poor oral hygiene, on the durability of aesthetic archwire coated with epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Methods The posterior parts of the archwires were sectioned into 20 mm segments (N = 102) and divided among six groups. Four groups were treated with different pH levels and two served as controls. The specimens were immersed in individual test tubes containing 10 ml of artificial saliva adjusted to a pH of 6.75 or 3.5. The tubes were sealed and stored in a 37 °C water bath for 28 days. After 28 days, the specimens were ligated to brackets embedded in an acrylic block and subjected to mechanical stress using an electronic toothbrush for 210 s. The specimens were photographed, and images were measured for coating loss using AutoCAD® software. Surface morphology was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results Significant coating loss (p < 0.001) was found in the epoxy resin groups, regardless of pH value, but not in the PTFE groups. The acidic pH caused epoxy resin layer coating loss by twice as much as normal pH. SEM revealed existing manufacturing defects on the as-received epoxy resin coating, whereas the retrieved epoxy resin demonstrated rupture, roughness, and coating loss in multiple locations. Significance Epoxy resin coatings demonstrate poor durability in acidic environments. This condition is worsened by the existing manufacturing defects found on as-received archwires. Hence, archwires coated with epoxy resin are not recommended in patients with poor oral hygiene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Chikh Abdulkader
- Craniofacial & Biomaterial Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Anis F Kamaruddin
- Craniofacial & Biomaterial Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Rabiatul Basria S M N Mydin
- Oncology & Radiology Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Enders K, Lenz R, Ivar do Sul JA, Tagg AS, Labrenz M. When every particle matters: A QuEChERS approach to extract microplastics from environmental samples. MethodsX 2020; 7:100784. [PMID: 32071889 PMCID: PMC7016028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of microplastics (MP), especially small (<500 μm) MP, using automated surface-chemistry approaches requires the best possible reduction of natural particles whilst preserving the integrity of the targeted synthetic polymers particles. In general, both natural and synthetic particles can be highly diverse physically and chemically and MP extraction, particularly from complex matrices such as sediments, sludge and soils, requires efficient method pipelines. Our paper presents a universal framework of modular protocols (presented in a decision tree) that fulfil predefined user requirements (QuEChERS: Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, Safe) as well as providing best practises for reasonable MP working conditions within a standard laboratory. New procedures and technical innovations for density separation of particle-rich matrices are presented, such as a spiral conveyor developed and validated for MP recovery. In sharing such best-practice protocols, we aim to help in the push towards MP quantification method standardisation. Publication of protocols of an entire MP extraction (10 μm – 5 mm) pipeline for particle-based analysis of various environmental matrices Modularity: Optimised quantitative sample preparation adapted to particle sizes and sample matrices New protocols and technical innovations (e.g. spiral conveyor) optimise MP extraction
Collapse
Key Words
- A QuEChERS approach to extract microplastics from environmental samples
- ATR, attenuated total reflection
- Chemical digestion
- Contamination prevention
- Handbook for laboratory work
- MP, microplastics
- MPF, microplastic free
- MQ (water), MilliQ (water)/ ultrapure water
- Manual for good practices on microplastic extraction
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- Particle-rich
- Purification technique
- QA, quality assurance
- QC, quality control
- QuEChERS, Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, Safe
- Recovery rates
- SI, supplementary information
- SOPs, standard operation procedures
- SPT, sodium polytungstate
- SR, system requirements
- Sequential protocol
- TS, technical solution
- UR, user requirements
- Wastewater
- μFTIR, micro Fourier transform infrared
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Enders
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Robin Lenz
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Alexander S Tagg
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Labrenz
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Oveissi F, Naficy S, Lee A, Winlaw D, Dehghani F. Materials and manufacturing perspectives in engineering heart valves: a review. Mater Today Bio 2020; 5:100038. [PMID: 32211604 PMCID: PMC7083765 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Valvular heart diseases (VHD) are a major health burden, affecting millions of people worldwide. The treatments for such diseases rely on medicine, valve repair, and artificial heart valves including mechanical and bioprosthetic valves. Yet, there are countless reports on possible alternatives noting long-term stability and biocompatibility issues and highlighting the need for fabrication of more durable and effective replacements. This review discusses the current and potential materials that can be used for developing such valves along with existing and developing fabrication methods. With this perspective, we quantitatively compare mechanical properties of various materials that are currently used or proposed for heart valves along with their fabrication processes to identify challenges we face in creating new materials and manufacturing techniques to better mimick the performance of native heart valves.
Collapse
Key Words
- 3D printing
- Biofabrication
- Biomaterials
- E, Young's modulus
- Electrospinning
- Gal, galactose-α1,3-galactose
- GelMa, gelatin methacrylate
- HA, hyaluronic acid
- HAVIC, human aortic valvular interstitial cells
- MA-HA, methacrylated hyaluronic acid
- NeuGc, N-glycolylneuraminic acid
- P4HB, poly(4-hydroxybutyrate)
- PAAm, polyacrylamide
- PCE, polycitrate-(ε-polypeptide)
- PCL, polycaprolactone
- PE, polyethylene
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PEGDA, polyethylene glycol diacrylate
- PGA, poly(glycolic acid)
- PHA, poly(hydroxyalkanoate)
- PLA, polylactide
- PMMA, poly(methyl methacrylate)
- PPG, polypropylene glycol
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- PU, polyurethane
- SIBS, poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene)
- SMC, smooth muscle cells
- VHD, valvular heart disease
- VIC, aortic valve leaflet interstitial cells
- Valvular heart diseases
- dECM, decellularized extracellular matrix
- ePTFE, expanded PTFE
- xSIBS, crosslinked version of SIBS
- α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. Oveissi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - S. Naficy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - A. Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
| | - D.S. Winlaw
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
| | - F. Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
ASGE Technology Committee, Aslanian HR, Sethi A, Bhutani MS, Goodman AJ, Krishnan K, Lichtenstein DR, Melson J, Navaneethan U, Pannala R, Parsi MA, Schulman AR, Sullivan SA, Thosani N, Trikudanathan G, Trindade AJ, Watson RR, Maple JT. ASGE guideline for endoscopic full-thickness resection and submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection. VideoGIE. 2019;4:343-350. [PMID: 31388606 PMCID: PMC6669323 DOI: 10.1016/j.vgie.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of reliable endoscopic closure techniques and tools, endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is emerging as a therapeutic option for the treatment of subepithelial tumors and epithelial neoplasia with significant fibrosis. EFTR may be categorized as "exposed" and "nonexposed." In exposed EFTR, the full-thickness resection is undertaken with a tunneled or nontunneled technique, with subsequent closure of the defect. In nonexposed EFTR, a secure serosa-to-serosa apposition is achieved before full-thickness resection of the isolated lesion. This document reviews current techniques and devices used for EFTR and reviews clinical applications and outcomes.
Collapse
Key Words
- EFTR, endoscopic full-thickness resection
- ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection
- GIST, GI stromal tumor
- NOTES, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery
- OTSC, over-the-scope clip
- POEM, per-oral endoscopic myotomy
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- SET, subepithelial tumor
- STER, submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection
- TTS, through-the-scope
Collapse
|
12
|
Parsi MA, Schulman AR, Aslanian HR, Bhutani MS, Krishnan K, Lichtenstein DR, Melson J, Navaneethan U, Pannala R, Sethi A, Trikudanathan G, Trindade AJ, Watson RR, Maple JT. Devices for endoscopic hemostasis of nonvariceal GI bleeding (with videos). VideoGIE 2019; 4:285-299. [PMID: 31334417 PMCID: PMC6616320 DOI: 10.1016/j.vgie.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endoscopic intervention is often the first line of therapy for GI nonvariceal bleeding. Although some of the devices and techniques used for this purpose have been well studied, others are relatively new, with few available outcomes data. Methods In this document, we review devices and techniques for endoscopic treatment of nonvariceal GI bleeding, the evidence regarding their efficacy and safety, and financial considerations for their use. Results Devices used for endoscopic hemostasis in the GI tract can be classified into injection devices (needles), thermal devices (multipolar/bipolar probes, hemostatic forceps, heater probe, argon plasma coagulation, radiofrequency ablation, and cryotherapy), mechanical devices (clips, suturing devices, banding devices, stents), and topical devices (hemostatic sprays). Conclusions Endoscopic evaluation and treatment remains a cornerstone in the management of nonvariceal upper- and lower-GI bleeding. A variety of devices is available for hemostasis of bleeding lesions in the GI tract. Other than injection therapy, which should not be used as monotherapy, there are few compelling data that strongly favor any one device over another. For endoscopists, the choice of a hemostatic device should depend on the type and location of the bleeding lesion, the availability of equipment and expertise, and the cost of the device.
Collapse
Key Words
- ABS, Ankaferd blood stopper
- APC, argon plasma coagulation
- ASGE, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
- CPT, Current Procedural Terminology
- CSEMS, covered self-expandable metallic stent
- EBL, endoscopic band ligation
- EDP, endoscopic Doppler probe
- GAVE, gastric antral vascular ectasia
- HP, heater probe
- LGIB, lower GI bleeding
- MPEC, multipolar electrocoagulation
- OTSC, over-the-scope clip
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- RCT, randomized controlled trial
- TTS, through-the-scope
- U.S. FDA, United States Food and Drug Administration
- UGIB, upper GI bleeding
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mansour A Parsi
- Section for Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Allison R Schulman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Harry R Aslanian
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Manoop S Bhutani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - Kuman Krishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - David R Lichtenstein
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Joshua Melson
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Rahul Pannala
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Amrita Sethi
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Arvind J Trindade
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Rabindra R Watson
- Interventional Endoscopy Services, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - John T Maple
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Scalenghe R. Resource or waste? A perspective of plastics degradation in soil with a focus on end-of-life options. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00941. [PMID: 30582029 PMCID: PMC6290126 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
'Capable-of-being-shaped' synthetic compounds are prevailing today over horn, bone, leather, wood, stone, metal, glass, or ceramic in products that were previously left to natural materials. Plastic is, in fact, economical, simple, adaptable, and waterproof. Also, it is durable and resilient to natural degradation (although microbial species capable of degrading plastics do exist). In becoming a waste, plastic accumulation adversely affects ecosystems. The majority of plastic debris pollutes waters, accumulating in oceans. And, the behaviour and the quantity of plastic, which has become waste, are rather well documented in the water, in fact. This review collects existing information on plastics in the soil, paying particular attention to both their degradation and possible re-uses. The use of plastics in agriculture is also considered. The discussion is organised according to their resin type and the identification codes used in recycling programs. In addition, options for post-consumer plastics are considered. Acknowledged indicators do not exist, and future study they will have to identify viable and shared methods to measure the presence and the degradation of individual polymers in soils.
Collapse
Key Words
- ABS, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
- BPA, bisphenol A
- Biogeoscience
- DOM, dissolved organic matter
- EPR, Extended Producers Responsibility
- EPS, expandable polystyrene
- ETS, European Emissions Trading scheme
- Environmental science
- GPPS, Polystyrene (General Purpose)
- HBCD, hexabromocyclododecane
- HDPE, high-density polyethylene
- HMC, heat melt compactor technology
- Industry
- LCP, liquid crystal polymers
- LDPE, low-density polyethylene
- Microbiology
- NHV, net habitable volume
- PA, polyamide
- PAC, pro-oxidant additive containing
- PBT, polybutylene terephthalate
- PC, polycarbonate
- PEEK, polyaryletheretherketone
- PET, polyethylene terephthalate
- PHA, polyhydroxyalkanoate
- PLA, polylactic acid
- PMMA, polymethyl methacrylate
- POM, polyoxymethylene
- PP, polypropylene
- PPA, polyphthalamide
- PPS, polyphenylene sulphide
- PS, polystyrene
- PSU, polyarylsulfone
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- PU or PUR, polyurethane
- PVC, polyvinyl chloride
- PVDF, polydifluoroethylene
- RIC, resin identification code
- TPE, thermoplastic polyester elastomer
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Scalenghe
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rowley MW, Choi M, Chen S, Hirsch K, Seetharam AB. Race and Gradient Difference Are Associated with Increased Risk of Hepatic Encephalopathy Hospital Admission After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Placement. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2018; 8:256-261. [PMID: 30302042 PMCID: PMC6175770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a well-recognized complication of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate incidence and predictors of post-TIPS HE necessitating hospital admission in a non-clinical trial setting. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study identifying 273 consecutive patients undergoing TIPS from 2010 to 2015 for any indication; 210 met inclusion/exclusion criteria. The primary endpoint was incidence of post-TIPS HE defined as encephalopathy with no other identifiable cause requiring hospitalization within 90 days of TIPS. Clinical demographics and procedural variables were collected and analyzed to determine predictors of readmission for post-TIPS HE. Categorical variables were analyzed using Fisher's exact test; continuous variables were compared using Levene's t-test and student's t-test; P < 0.05, significant. RESULTS Forty-two of 210 patients (20%) developed post-TIPS HE requiring hospitalization within 90 days. On analysis of cohorts (post-TIPS HE vs. no post-TIPS HE): non-white race (31.0% vs. 17.5%, P = 0.022) and increased hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) difference during TIPS (10.5 vs. 8.9 mmHg, P = 0.030) were associated with an increased incidence of HE requiring readmission within 90 days. CONCLUSIONS HE remains a common complication of TIPS. Non-Caucasian race is a significant clinical demographic associated with increased risk for readmission. Independent of initial or final HVPG, HVPG difference appears to be a significant modifiable technical risk factor. In the absence of clear preventative strategies for post-TIPS encephalopathy, non-Caucasians with HVPG reductions >9 mmHg may require targeted follow up evaluation to prevent hospital readmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Rowley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA,University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Myunghan Choi
- Nursing and Healthcare Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Steve Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA,University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kevin Hirsch
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA,University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Anil B. Seetharam
- Transplant and Advanced Liver Disease Center, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA,University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA,Address for correspondence: Anil B. Seetharam, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Transplant and Advanced Liver Disease, 1300 N 12th Street, Suite 404, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA. Tel.: +1 602 521 5900.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Inoo K, Bando H, Tabata Y. Insulin secretion of mixed insulinoma aggregates-gelatin hydrogel microspheres after subcutaneous transplantation. Regen Ther 2018; 8:38-45. [PMID: 30271864 PMCID: PMC6147372 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study is to evaluate the insulin secretion of mixed aggregates of insulinoma cells (INS-1) and gelatin hydrogel microspheres after their subcutaneous transplantation. Methods Gelatin hydrogel microspheres were prepared by the conventional w/o emulsion method. Cell aggregates mixed with or without the hydrogel microspheres were encapsulated into a pouched-device of polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. An agarose hydrogel or MedGel™ incorporating basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was subcutaneously implanted to induce vascularization. After the vascularization induction, cell aggregates encapsulated in the pouched-device was transplanted. Results The vascularization had the potential to enable transplanted cell aggregates to enhance the level of insulin secretion compared with those of no vascularization induction. In addition, the insulin secretion of cell aggregates was significantly promoted by the mixing of gelatin hydrogel microspheres even in the pouched-device encapsulated state. Conclusion It is possible that the microspheres mixing gives cells in aggregates better survival condition, resulting in promoted insulin secretion. INS-1 cell aggregates incorporating gelatin hydrogel microspheres are prepared. The ratio and number of cells and gelatin hydrogel microspheres affected the formation of cell aggregates. Gelatin hydrogel microspheres incorporation improves glucose-induced insulin secretion of cell aggregates in vitro. Gelatin hydrogel microspheres incorporation has the tendency to improve glucose-induced insulin secretion of cell aggregates in vivo. Vascularization has the potential to improve cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Inoo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroto Bando
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Santoro C, Abad FB, Serov A, Kodali M, Howe KJ, Soavi F, Atanassov P. Supercapacitive microbial desalination cells: New class of power generating devices for reduction of salinity content. Appl Energy 2017; 208:25-36. [PMID: 29302130 PMCID: PMC5738972 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the electrodes of a microbial desalination cell (MDC) are investigated as the positive and negative electrodes of an internal supercapacitor. The resulting system has been named a supercapacitive microbial desalination cell (SC-MDC). The electrodes are self-polarized by the red-ox reactions and therefore the anode acts as a negative electrode and the cathode as a positive electrode of the internal supercapacitor. In order to overcome cathodic losses, an additional capacitive electrode (AdE) was added and short-circuited with the SC-MDC cathode (SC-MDC-AdE). A total of 7600 discharge/self-recharge cycles (equivalent to 44 h of operation) of SC-MDC-AdE with a desalination chamber filled with an aqueous solution of 30 g L-1 NaCl are reported. The same reactor system was operated with real seawater collected from Pacific Ocean for 88 h (15,100 cycles). Maximum power generated was 1.63 ± 0.04 W m-2 for SC-MDC and 3.01 ± 0.01 W m-2 for SC-MDC-AdE. Solution conductivity in the desalination reactor decreased by ∼50% after 23 h and by more than 60% after 44 h. There was no observable change in the pH during cell operation. Power/current pulses were generated without an external power supply.
Collapse
Key Words
- AC, activated carbon
- AEM, anion exchange membrane
- AdE, additional electrode
- Additional Electrode (AdE)
- BES, bioelectrochemical system
- CB, carbon black
- CDI, capacitive deionization
- CEM, cation exchange membrane
- Canode, anode capacitance
- Ccathode, cathode capacitance
- Ccell, cell capacitance
- Cell ESR, equivalent series resistance of the cell
- DC, desalination chamber
- DI, deionized water
- EDLC, electrochemical double layer capacitor
- Epulse, energy obtained by the pulse
- Fe-AAPyr, iron aminoantypirine
- GLV, galvanostatic discharges
- High power generation
- KCl, potassium chloride
- KPB, potassium phosphate buffer
- MDC, membrane capacitive deionization
- MDC, microbial desalination cell
- MFC, microbial fuel cell
- NaCl, sodium chloride
- NaOAc, sodium acetate
- OCV, open circuit voltage
- ORR, oxygen reduction reaction
- PGM-free, platinum group metals-free
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- Pmax, maximum power
- Power/current pulses
- Ppulse, power obtained by the pulse
- RA, anodic anode ohmic resistance
- RC, cathodeic ohmic resistance
- RO, reverse osmosis
- SC, solution conductivity
- SC-MDC, supercapacitive microbial desalination cell
- SC-MDC-AdE, supercapacitive microbial desalination cell with additional electrode
- SC-MFC, supercapacitive microbial fuel cell
- SHE, standard hydrogen electrode
- Supercapacitive Microbial Desalination Cell (SC-MDC)
- Transport phenomena
- V+, oc, cathode potential in open circuit
- Vmax, OC, original maximum voltage in open circuit condition
- Vmax, practical voltage
- V−, oc, anode potentials in open circuit
- ipulse, , current pulses
- tpulse, time of the pulse
- trest, rest time
- ΔVcapacitive, difference between Vmax and Vfinal (at the end of tpulse), voltage capacitive decrease drop
- ΔVohmic, cathode, cathode ohmic drop
- ΔVohmic, difference between Vmax,OC and Vmax, ohmic drop
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Santoro
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Micro-Engineered Materials (CMEM), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Fernando Benito Abad
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Micro-Engineered Materials (CMEM), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Alexey Serov
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Micro-Engineered Materials (CMEM), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Mounika Kodali
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Micro-Engineered Materials (CMEM), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Kerry J. Howe
- Department of Civil Engineering, Center for Water and the Environment, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1070, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Francesca Soavi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician“, Alma Mater Studiorum – Universita’ di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Plamen Atanassov
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Micro-Engineered Materials (CMEM), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang Y, Kim R, Gunasekara DB, Reed MI, DiSalvo M, Nguyen DL, Bultman SJ, Sims CE, Magness ST, Allbritton NL. Formation of Human Colonic Crypt Array by Application of Chemical Gradients Across a Shaped Epithelial Monolayer. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 5:113-130. [PMID: 29693040 PMCID: PMC5904049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The successful culture of intestinal organoids has greatly enhanced our understanding of intestinal stem cell physiology and enabled the generation of novel intestinal disease models. Although of tremendous value, intestinal organoid culture systems have not yet fully recapitulated the anatomy or physiology of the in vivo intestinal epithelium. The aim of this work was to re-create an intestinal epithelium with a high density of polarized crypts that respond in a physiologic manner to addition of growth factors, metabolites, or cytokines to the basal or luminal tissue surface as occurs in vivo. METHODS A self-renewing monolayer of human intestinal epithelium was cultured on a collagen scaffold microfabricated with an array of crypt-like invaginations. Placement of chemical factors in either the fluid reservoir below or above the cell-covered scaffolding created a gradient of that chemical across the growing epithelial tissue possessing the in vitro crypt structures. Crypt polarization (size of the stem/proliferative and differentiated cell zones) was assessed in response to gradients of growth factors, cytokines, and bacterial metabolites. RESULTS Chemical gradients applied to the shaped human epithelium re-created the stem/proliferative and differentiated cell zones of the in vivo intestine. Short-chain fatty acids applied as a gradient from the luminal side confirmed long-standing hypotheses that butyrate diminished stem/progenitor cell proliferation and promoted differentiation into absorptive colonocytes. A gradient of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α significantly suppressed the stem/progenitor cell proliferation, altering crypt formation. CONCLUSIONS The in vitro human colon crypt array accurately mimicked the architecture, luminal accessibility, tissue polarity, cell migration, and cellular responses of in vivo intestinal crypts.
Collapse
Key Words
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- DM, differentiation medium
- DM-B, differentiation medium plus 5 mmol/L butyrate
- DM-D, DM plus 10 μmol/L DAPT
- EDC, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- EM, expansion medium
- EdU, 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine
- IFN-γ, interferon-γ
- Intestinal Epithelial Cells
- Intestine-On-A-Chip
- KRT20, cytokeratin 20
- Muc2, mucin 2
- NHS, N-hydroxysuccinimide
- Olfm4, olfactomedin-4
- P, passage
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- Polarized Crypt
- SCFA, short-chain fatty acid
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- SM, stem medium
- Stem Cell Niche
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- ZO-1, zonula occludens-1
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Raehyun Kim
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Dulan B. Gunasekara
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Mark I. Reed
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matthew DiSalvo
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Daniel L. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Scott J. Bultman
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Christopher E. Sims
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Scott T. Magness
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Nancy L. Allbritton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Morishima I, Nakajima H, Tsuboi H, Yokoyama Y, Naito K, Sone T. Shock-induced right ventricular pacing failure caused by a short circuit: Uncommon but life-threatening complication of the Riata lead. HeartRhythm Case Rep 2015; 1:46-50. [PMID: 28491509 PMCID: PMC5418533 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrcr.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Itsuro Morishima
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
- Address reprint requests and correspondence: Dr Itsuro Morishima, Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, 4 -86 Minaminokawacho, Ogaki 503-0864, Japan
| | | | - Hideyuki Tsuboi
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiology, Kumiai Kosei Hospital, Takayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Naito
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Takahito Sone
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Scott PD, Harold KL, Craft RO, Roberts CC. Postoperative Seroma Deep to Mesh after Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair: Computed Tomography Appearance and Implications for Treatment. Radiol Case Rep 2008; 3:128. [PMID: 27303507 DOI: 10.2484/rcr.v3i1.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the development of a seroma deep to a mesh prosthesis used for laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR). Seroma formation anterior to mesh after LVHR is very common; however, the formation of a deep seroma has been rarely reported in the literature and the imaging appearance of a seroma posterior to mesh after LVHR has not been previously described. We present the imaging appearance and our clinical results of aspirating two seromas posterior to mesh after LVHR.
Collapse
|