1
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Gaudenzi C, Schioppa T, Passari M, Zucchi G, Tiberio L, Vahidi Y, Scutera S, Musso T, Sozzani S, Del Prete A, Salvi V, Bosisio D. Extracellular microRNAs induce dendritic cell-dependent joint inflammation and potentiate osteoclast differentiation via TLR7/8 engagement. J Autoimmun 2024; 145:103189. [PMID: 38442677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) are key players in the induction of inflammation, autoreactive T cell activation and loss of tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the precise mechanisms underlying their activation remain elusive. Here, we hypothesized that extracellular microRNAs released in RA synovial fluids may represent a novel, physiological stimulus triggering unwanted immune response via TLR8-expressing DC stimulation. METHODS Human monocyte-derived DCs were stimulated with a mixture of GU-rich miRNAs upregulated in RA tissues and released in synovial fluids (Ex-miRNAs). Activation of DCs was assessed in terms of NF-κB activation by Western blot, cytokine production by ELISA, T cell proliferation and polarization by allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. DC differentiation into osteoclasts was evaluated in terms of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase production and formation of resorption pits in dentine slices. Induction of joint inflammation in vivo was evaluated using a murine model of DC-induced arthritis. TLR7/8 involvement was assessed by specific inhibitors. RESULTS Ex-miRNAs activate DCs to secrete TNFα, induce joint inflammation, start an early autoimmune response and potentiate the differentiation of DCs into aggressive osteoclasts. CONCLUSIONS This work represents a proof of concept that the pool of extracellular miRNAs overexpressed in RA joints can act as a physiological activator of inflammation via the stimulation of TLR8 expressed by human DCs, which in turn exert arthritogenic functions. In this scenario, pharmacological inhibition of TLR8 might offer a new therapeutic option to reduce inflammation and osteoclast-mediated bone destruction in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Gaudenzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schioppa
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Passari
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zucchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Tiberio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Yasmin Vahidi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Scutera
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Musso
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy.
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2
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Krishnan V, Vigorito M, Kota NK, Chang SL. Meta-Analysis on Nicotine's Modulation of HIV-Associated Dementia. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2022; 17:487-502. [PMID: 34757527 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-021-10027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
HIV-Associated Dementia (HAD) is a significant comorbidity that many HIV-patients face. Our study utilized QIAGEN Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to identify and analyze molecular profiles and pathways underlying nicotine's impact on HAD pathology. The Qiagen Knowledge Base (QKB) defines HAD as "Dementia associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (disorder)." Although much remains unknown about HAD pathology, the curated research findings from the QKB shows 5 upregulated molecules that are associated with HAD + : CCL2 (Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2), L-glutamic acid, GLS (Glutaminase), POLG (DNA polymerase subunit gamma), and POLB (DNA polymerase subunit beta). The current study focused on these 5 HAD pathology molecules as the phenotype of interest. The Pathway Explorer tool of IPA was used to connect nicotine-associated molecules with the 5 HAD associated molecules (HAD pathology molecules) by connecting 29 overlapping molecules (including transcription regulators, cytokines, kinases, and other enzymes/proteins). The Molecule-Activity-Predictor (MAP) tool predicted nicotine-induced activation of the HAD pathology molecules indicating the exacerbation of HAD. However, alternative pathways with more holistic representations of molecular relationships revealed the potential of nicotine as a neuroprotective treatment. It was found that concurrent with nicotine treatment the individual inactivation of several of the intermediary molecules in the holistic pathways caused the downregulation of the HAD pathology molecules. These findings reveal that nicotine may have therapeutic properties for HAD when given alongside specific inhibitory drugs for one or more of the identified intermediary molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velu Krishnan
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Vigorito
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA.,Department of Psychology, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Ave, South Orange, NJ, 07079, USA
| | - Nikhil K Kota
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Sulie L Chang
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA.
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3
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Gupta SL, Basu S, Soni V, Jaiswal RK. Immunotherapy: an alternative promising therapeutic approach against cancers. Mol Biol Rep 2022. [PMID: 35759082 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The immune system interacts with cancer cells in multiple intricate ways that can shield the host against hyper-proliferation but can also contribute to malignancy. Understanding the protective roles of the immune system in its interaction with cancer cells can help device new and alternate therapeutic strategies. Many immunotherapeutic methodologies, including adaptive cancer therapy, cancer peptide vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and immune checkpoint treatment, have transformed the traditional cancer treatment landscape. However, many questions remain unaddressed. The development of personalized combination therapy and neoantigen-based cancer vaccines would be the avant-garde approach to cancer treatment. Desirable chemotherapy should be durable, safe, and target-specific. Managing both tumor (intrinsic factors) and its microenvironment (extrinsic factors) are critical for successful immunotherapy. This review describes current approaches and their advancement related to monoclonal antibody-related clinical trials, new cytokine therapy, a checkpoint inhibitor, adoptive T cell therapy, cancer vaccine, and oncolytic virus.
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4
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Abstract
Global vaccination effort and better understanding of treatment strategies provided a ray of hope for improvement in COVID-19 pandemic, however, in many countries, the disease continues to collect its death toll. The major pathogenic mechanism behind severe cases associated with high mortality is the burst of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-6, IFNγ and others, resulting in multiple organ failure. Although the exact contribution of each cytokine is not clear, we provide an evidence that the central mediator of cytokine storm and its devastating consequences may be TNF. This cytokine is known to be involved in activated blood clotting, lung damage, insulin resistance, heart failure, and other conditions. A number of currently available pharmaceutical agents such as monoclonal antibodies and soluble TNF receptors can effectively prevent TNF from binding to its receptor(s). Other drugs are known to block NFkB, the major signal transducer molecule used in TNF signaling, or to block kinases involved in downstream activation cascades. Some of these medicines have already been selected for clinical trials, but more work is needed. A simple, rapid, and inexpensive method of directly monitoring TNF levels may be a valuable tool for a timely selection of COVID-19 patients for anti-TNF therapy.
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5
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Melagraki G, Leonis G, Ntougkos E, Rinotas V, Papaneophytou C, Mavromoustakos T, Kontopidis G, Douni E, Kollias G, Afantitis A. Current Status and Future Prospects of Small-molecule Protein-protein Interaction (PPI) Inhibitors of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL). Curr Top Med Chem 2018; 18:661-673. [PMID: 29875003 DOI: 10.2174/1568026618666180607084430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The overexpression of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) is directly related to the development of several autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, refractory asthma, and multiple sclerosis. Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa- B Ligand (RANKL) belongs to the TNF family and is the primary mediator of osteoclast-induced bone resorption through interaction with its receptor RANK. The function of RANKL is physiologically inhibited by the action of osteoprotegerin (OPG), which is a decoy receptor that binds to RANKL and prevents the process of osteoclastogenesis. Malfunction among RANK/RANKL/OPG can also result in bone loss diseases, including postmenopausal osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone metastasis and multiple myeloma. To disrupt the unwanted functions of TNF and RANKL, current attempts focus on blocking TNF and RANKL binding to their receptors. In this review, we present the research efforts toward the development of low-molecular-weight pharmaceuticals that directly block the detrimental actions of TNF and RANKL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Evangelos Ntougkos
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
| | - Vagelis Rinotas
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece.,Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Papaneophytou
- Veterinary School, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.,Institute for Research and Technology Thessaly (IRETETH), Volos, Greece.,Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Kontopidis
- Veterinary School, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.,Institute for Research and Technology Thessaly (IRETETH), Volos, Greece
| | - Eleni Douni
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece.,Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Kollias
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece.,Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antreas Afantitis
- NovaMechanics Ltd, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
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6
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Omoto S, Guo H, Talekar GR, Roback L, Kaiser WJ, Mocarski ES. Suppression of RIP3-dependent necroptosis by human cytomegalovirus. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:11635-48. [PMID: 25778401 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.646042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is an alternate programmed cell death pathway that is unleashed by caspase-8 compromise and mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3). Murine cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) encode caspase-8 inhibitors that prevent apoptosis together with competitors of RIP homotypic interaction motif (RHIM)-dependent signal transduction to interrupt the necroptosis. Here, we show that pro-necrotic murine CMV M45 mutant virus drives virus-induced necroptosis during nonproductive infection of RIP3-expressing human fibroblasts, whereas WT virus does not. Thus, M45-encoded RHIM competitor, viral inhibitor of RIP activation, sustains viability of human cells like it is known to function in infected mouse cells. Importantly, human CMV is shown to block necroptosis induced by either TNF or M45 mutant murine CMV in RIP3-expressing human cells. Human CMV blocks TNF-induced necroptosis after RIP3 activation and phosphorylation of the mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) pseudokinase. An early, IE1-regulated viral gene product acts on a necroptosis step that follows MLKL phosphorylation prior to membrane leakage. This suppression strategy is distinct from RHIM signaling competition by murine CMV or HSV and interrupts an execution process that has not yet been fully elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Omoto
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Hongyan Guo
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Ganesh R Talekar
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Linda Roback
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - William J Kaiser
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Edward S Mocarski
- From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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7
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Park ES, Choi S, Shin B, Yu J, Yu J, Hwang JM, Yun H, Chung YH, Choi JS, Choi Y, Rho J. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor (TRAF)-interacting protein (TRIP) negatively regulates the TRAF2 ubiquitin-dependent pathway by suppressing the TRAF2-sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) interaction. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:9660-73. [PMID: 25716317 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.609685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling pathway downstream of TNF receptor (TNFR) is involved in the induction of a wide range of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, activation, differentiation, and apoptosis. TNFR-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) is a key adaptor molecule in TNFR signaling complexes that promotes downstream signaling cascades, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. TRAF-interacting protein (TRIP) is a known cellular binding partner of TRAF2 and inhibits TNF-induced NF-κB activation. Recent findings that TRIP plays a multifunctional role in antiviral response, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and embryonic development have increased our interest in exploring how TRIP can affect the TNFR-signaling pathway on a molecular level. In our current study, we demonstrated that TRIP is negatively involved in the TNF-induced inflammatory response through the down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production. Here, we demonstrated that the TRAF2-TRIP interaction inhibits Lys(63)-linked TRAF2 ubiquitination by inhibiting TRAF2 E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligase activity. The TRAF2-TRIP interaction inhibited the binding of sphingosine 1-phosphate, which is a cofactor of TRAF2 E3 Ub ligase, to the TRAF2 RING domain. Finally, we demonstrated that TRIP functions as a negative regulator of proinflammatory cytokine production by inhibiting TNF-induced NF-κB activation. These results indicate that TRIP is an important cellular regulator of the TNF-induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Soon Park
- From the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Seunga Choi
- From the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Bongjin Shin
- From the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Jungeun Yu
- From the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Yu
- From the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Jung-Me Hwang
- From the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Hyeongseok Yun
- From the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Chung
- the Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-333, Korea, and
| | - Jong-Soon Choi
- the Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-333, Korea, and
| | - Yongwon Choi
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Jaerang Rho
- From the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea,
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8
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Wang YB, Tan B, Mu R, Chang Y, Wu M, Tu HQ, Zhang YC, Guo SS, Qin XH, Li T, Li WH, Li AL, Zhang XM, Li HY. Ubiquitin-associated domain-containing ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) protein UBXN1 is a negative regulator of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:10395-405. [PMID: 25681446 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.631689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation should be precisely controlled as it contributes to multiple immune and inflammatory diseases. However, the negative regulatory mechanisms of NF-κB activation still need to be elucidated. Various types of polyubiquitin chains have proved to be involved in the process of NF-κB activation. Many negative regulators linked to ubiquitination, such as A20 and CYLD, inhibit IκB kinase activation in the NF-κB signaling pathway. To find new NF-κB signaling regulators linked to ubiquitination, we used a small scale siRNA library against 51 ubiquitin-associated domain-containing proteins and screened out UBXN1, which contained both ubiquitin-associated and ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domains as a negative regulator of TNFα-triggered NF-κB activation. Overexpression of UBXN1 inhibited TNFα-triggered NF-κB activation, although knockdown of UBXN1 had the opposite effect. UBX domain-containing proteins usually act as valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97 cofactors. However, knockdown of VCP/p97 barely affected UBXN1-mediated NF-κB inhibition. At the same time, we found that UBXN1 interacted with cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs), E3 ubiquitin ligases of RIP1 in the TNFα receptor complex. UBXN1 competitively bound to cIAP1, blocked cIAP1 recruitment to TNFR1, and sequentially inhibited RIP1 polyubiquitination in response to TNFα. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that UBXN1 is an important negative regulator of the TNFα-triggered NF-κB signaling pathway by mediating cIAP recruitment independent of VCP/p97.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bo Wang
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bo Tan
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Rui Mu
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yan Chang
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Min Wu
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hai-Qing Tu
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhang
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Sai-Sai Guo
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xuan-He Qin
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tao Li
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wei-Hua Li
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ai-Ling Li
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xue-Min Zhang
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hui-Yan Li
- From the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China
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9
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Li J, Yuan W, Jiang S, Ye W, Yang H, Shapiro IM, Risbud MV. Prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain protein 2 controls NF-κB/p65 transactivation and enhances the catabolic effects of inflammatory cytokines on cells of the nucleus pulposus. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:7195-207. [PMID: 25635047 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.611483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolyl-4-hydroxylase (PHD) proteins are key in sensing tissue hypoxia. In nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, our previous work demonstrated that PHD isoforms have a differential contribution in controlling hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-α degradation and activity. Recently we have shown that a regulatory relationship exists between PHD3 and inflammatory cytokines in NP cells. With respect to PHD2, the most abundant PHD isoform in NP cells, very little is known concerning its function and regulation under inflammatory conditions that characterize intervertebral disc degeneration. Here, we show that PHD2 is a potent regulator of the catabolic activities of TNF-α; silencing of PHD2 significantly decreased TNF-α-induced expression of catabolic markers including SDC4, MMP-3, MMP-13, and ADAMTS5, as well as several inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, while partially restoring aggrecan and collagen II expression. Use of NF-κB reporters with ShPHD2, SiHIF-1α, as well as p65(-/-), PHD2(-/-), and PHD3(-/-) cells, shows that PHD2 serves as a co-activator of NF-κB/p65 signaling in HIF-1-independent fashion. Immunoprecipitation of endogenous and exogenously expressed tagged proteins, as well as fluorescence microscopy, indicates that following TNF-α treatment, PHD2 interacts and co-localizes with p65. Conversely, loss of function experiments using lentivirally delivered Sh-p65, Sh-IKKβ, and NF-κB inhibitor confirmed that cytokine-dependent PHD2 expression in NP cells requires NF-κB signaling. These findings clearly demonstrate that PHD2 forms a regulatory circuit with TNF-α via NF-κB and thereby plays an important role in enhancing activity of this cytokine. We propose that during disc degeneration PHD2 may offer a therapeutic target to mitigate the deleterious actions of TNF-α, a key proinflammatory cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wei Ye
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China, and
| | - Hao Yang
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107,
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10
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Ando Y, Shinozawa Y, Iijima Y, Yu BC, Sone M, Ooi Y, Watanaka Y, Chida K, Hakuno F, Takahashi SI. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced repression of GKAP42 protein levels through cGMP-dependent kinase (cGK)-Iα causes insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:5881-92. [PMID: 25586176 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.624759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrates (IRSs) have been shown to be major mediators of insulin signaling. Recently, we found that IRSs form high-molecular weight complexes, and here, we identify by yeast two-hybrid screening a novel IRS-1-associated protein: a 42-kDa cGMP-dependent protein kinase-anchoring protein (GKAP42). GKAP42 knockdown in 3T3-L1 adipocytes suppressed insulin-dependent IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and downstream signaling, resulting in suppression of GLUT4 translocation to plasma membrane induced by insulin. In addition, GLUT4 translocation was also suppressed in cells overexpressing GKAP42-N (the IRS-1 binding region of GKAP42), which competed with GKAP42 for IRS-1, indicating that GKAP42 binding to IRS-1 is required for insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation. Long term treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with TNF-α, which induced insulin resistance, significantly decreased the GKAP42 protein level. We then investigated the roles of cGMP-dependent kinase (cGK)-Iα, which bound to GKAP42, in these changes. cGK-Iα knockdown partially rescued TNF-α-induced decrease in GKAP42 and impairment of insulin signals. These data indicated that TNF-α-induced repression of GKAP42 via cGK-Iα caused reduction of insulin-induced IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation at least in part. The present study describes analysis of the novel TNF-α-induced pathway, cGK-Iα-GKAP42, which regulates insulin-dependent signals and GLUT4 translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutoshi Ando
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shinozawa
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yumi Iijima
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Bu-Chin Yu
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Meri Sone
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yuko Ooi
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watanaka
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chida
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hakuno
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Takahashi
- From the Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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11
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Tsuji R, Koizumi H, Aoki D, Watanabe Y, Sugihara Y, Matsushita Y, Fukushima K, Fujiwara D. Lignin-rich enzyme lignin (LREL), a cellulase-treated lignin-carbohydrate derived from plants, activates myeloid dendritic cells via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). J Biol Chem 2014; 290:4410-21. [PMID: 25548274 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.593673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin-carbohydrates, one of the major cell wall components, are believed to be the structures that form chemical linkage between lignin and cell wall polysaccharides. Due to the molecular complexity of lignin-containing substances, their isolation and the assignment of their biological activities have so far remained a difficult task. Here, we extracted two lignin-containing carbohydrates, lignin-rich enzyme lignin (LREL) and pure enzyme lignin (PEL), from barley husk and demonstrated that they act as immune stimulators of dendritic cells (DCs), which are particularly important in linking innate and adaptive immunity. Thioacidolysis, acid hydrolysis, and mild alkali hydrolysis of both LREL and PEL revealed that their immunostimulatory activities depended on the lignin structure and/or content, neutral sugar content (especially the characteristic distribution of galactose and mannose), and presence of an ester bond. Furthermore, we showed that the immunostimulatory potency of the lignin-carbohydrate depended on its molecular weight and degree of polymerization. We also demonstrated that the LREL-induced activation of DCs was mediated via TLR4. Thus, LREL-induced increases in the expression levels of several cell surface marker proteins, production of inflammatory cytokines IL-12p40 and TNF-α, and activation and nuclear translocation of transcription factors, as was observed in the WT DCs, were completely abrogated in DCs derived from the TLR4(-/-) mice but not in DCs derived from the TLR2(-/-), TLR7(-/-), and TLR9(-/-) mice. We further demonstrated that LRELs isolated from other plant tissues also activated DCs. These immunostimulatory activities of lignin-carbohydrates, extracted from edible plant tissues, could have potential relevance in anti-infectious immunity and vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Tsuji
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
| | - Hideki Koizumi
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
| | - Dan Aoki
- the Division of Biological Material Sciences, Department of Biosphere Resources Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuta Watanabe
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
| | - Yoshihiko Sugihara
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
| | - Yasuyuki Matsushita
- the Division of Biological Material Sciences, Department of Biosphere Resources Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Fukushima
- the Division of Biological Material Sciences, Department of Biosphere Resources Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fujiwara
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
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12
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Steeland S, Puimège L, Vandenbroucke RE, Van Hauwermeiren F, Haustraete J, Devoogdt N, Hulpiau P, Leroux-Roels G, Laukens D, Meuleman P, De Vos M, Libert C. Generation and characterization of small single domain antibodies inhibiting human tumor necrosis factor receptor 1. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:4022-37. [PMID: 25538244 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.617787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytokine TNF is a well known drug target for several inflammatory diseases such as Crohn disease. Despite the great success of TNF blockers, therapy could be improved because of high costs and side effects. Selective inhibition of TNF receptor (TNFR) 1 signaling holds the potential to greatly reduce the pro-inflammatory activity of TNF, thereby preserving the advantageous immunomodulatory signals mediated by TNFR2. We generated a selective human TNFR1 inhibitor based on Nanobody (Nb) technology. Two anti-human TNFR1 Nbs were linked with an anti-albumin Nb to generate Nb Alb-70-96 named "TNF Receptor-One Silencer" (TROS). TROS selectively binds and inhibits TNF/TNFR1 and lymphotoxin-α/TNFR1 signaling with good affinity and IC50 values, both of which are in the nanomolar range. Surface plasmon resonance analysis reveals that TROS competes with TNF for binding to human TNFR1. In HEK293T cells, TROS strongly reduces TNF-induced gene expression, like IL8 and TNF, in a dose-dependent manner; and in ex vivo cultured colon biopsies of CD patients, TROS inhibits inflammation. Finally, in liver chimeric humanized mice, TROS antagonizes inflammation in a model of acute TNF-induced liver inflammation, reflected in reduced human IL8 expression in liver and reduced IL6 levels in serum. These results demonstrate the considerable potential of TROS and justify the evaluation of TROS in relevant disease animal models of both acute and chronic inflammation and eventually in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Steeland
- From the Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052 Ghent, the Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent
| | - Leen Puimège
- From the Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052 Ghent, the Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent
| | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- From the Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052 Ghent, the Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent
| | - Filip Van Hauwermeiren
- From the Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052 Ghent, the Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent
| | - Jurgen Haustraete
- the Protein Service Facility, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent
| | - Nick Devoogdt
- the In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory and Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1000 Brussels, the Center for Vaccinology
| | - Paco Hulpiau
- From the Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052 Ghent, the Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent
| | | | - Debby Laukens
- Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Martine De Vos
- Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- From the Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052 Ghent, the Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent,
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13
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Miyamoto J, Mizukure T, Park SB, Kishino S, Kimura I, Hirano K, Bergamo P, Rossi M, Suzuki T, Arita M, Ogawa J, Tanabe S. A gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid, ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier impairment partially via GPR40-MEK-ERK pathway. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:2902-18. [PMID: 25505251 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.610733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids have attracted much attention because of their various physiological properties. Dysfunction of tight junction (TJ) in the intestine contributes to the pathogenesis of many disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. We evaluated the effects of five novel gut microbial metabolites on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced barrier impairment in Caco-2 cells and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. 10-Hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid (HYA), a gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, suppressed TNF-α and dextran sulfate sodium-induced changes in the expression of TJ-related molecules, occludin, zonula occludens-1, and myosin light chain kinase. HYA also suppressed the expression of TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) mRNA and protein expression in Caco-2 cells and colonic tissue. In addition, HYA suppressed the protein expression of TNFR2 in murine intestinal epithelial cells. Furthermore, HYA significantly up-regulated G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 40 expression in Caco-2 cells. It also induced [Ca(2+)]i responses in HEK293 cells expressing human GPR40 with higher sensitivity than linoleic acid, its metabolic precursor. The barrier-recovering effects of HYA were abrogated by a GPR40 antagonist and MEK inhibitor in Caco-2 cells. Conversely, 10-hydroxyoctadacanoic acid, which is a gut microbial metabolite of oleic acid and lacks a carbon-carbon double bond at Δ12 position, did not show these TJ-restoring activities and down-regulated GPR40 expression. Therefore, HYA modulates TNFR2 expression, at least partially, via the GPR40-MEK-ERK pathway and may be useful in the treatment of TJ-related disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junki Miyamoto
- From the Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Taichi Mizukure
- From the Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Si-Bum Park
- the Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kishino
- the Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kimura
- the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachicho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan, the Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kanako Hirano
- the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachicho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Paolo Bergamo
- the Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, via Roma 64, Avellino 83100, Italy, and
| | - Mauro Rossi
- the Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, via Roma 64, Avellino 83100, Italy, and
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- From the Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- the Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jun Ogawa
- the Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan,
| | - Soichi Tanabe
- From the Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan,
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14
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White MR, Khan MM, Deredge D, Ross CR, Quintyn R, Zucconi BE, Wysocki VH, Wintrode PL, Wilson GM, Garcin ED. A dimer interface mutation in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase regulates its binding to AU-rich RNA. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:1770-85. [PMID: 25451934 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.618165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an enzyme best known for its role in glycolysis. However, extra-glycolytic functions of GAPDH have been described, including regulation of protein expression via RNA binding. GAPDH binds to numerous adenine-uridine rich elements (AREs) from various mRNA 3'-untranslated regions in vitro and in vivo despite its lack of a canonical RNA binding motif. How GAPDH binds to these AREs is still unknown. Here we discovered that GAPDH binds with high affinity to the core ARE from tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA via a two-step binding mechanism. We demonstrate that a mutation at the GAPDH dimer interface impairs formation of the second RNA-GAPDH complex and leads to changes in the RNA structure. We investigated the effect of this interfacial mutation on GAPDH oligomerization by crystallography, small-angle x-ray scattering, nano-electrospray ionization native mass spectrometry, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. We show that the mutation does not significantly affect GAPDH tetramerization as previously proposed. Instead, the mutation promotes short-range and long-range dynamic changes in regions located at the dimer and tetramer interface and in the NAD(+) binding site. These dynamic changes are localized along the P axis of the GAPDH tetramer, suggesting that this region is important for RNA binding. Based on our results, we propose a model for sequential GAPDH binding to RNA via residues located at the dimer and tetramer interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R White
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250
| | - Mohd M Khan
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250
| | - Daniel Deredge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Christina R Ross
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, and
| | - Royston Quintyn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Beth E Zucconi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, and
| | - Vicki H Wysocki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Patrick L Wintrode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Gerald M Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, and
| | - Elsa D Garcin
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250,
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15
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Yang S, Wang Y, Mei K, Zhang S, Sun X, Ren F, Liu S, Yang Z, Wang X, Qin Z, Chang Z. Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2)·interleukin-17 receptor D (IL-17RD) heteromerization reveals a novel mechanism for NF-κB activation. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:861-71. [PMID: 25378394 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.586560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) exerts diverse roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here, we report that TNFR2 but not TNFR1 forms a heteromer with interleukin-17 receptor D (IL-17RD), also named Sef, to activate NF-κB signaling. TNFR2 associates with IL-17RD, leading to mutual receptor aggregation and TRAF2 recruitment, which further activate the downstream cascade of NF-κB signaling. Depletion of IL-17RD impaired TNFR2-mediated activation of NF-κB signaling. Importantly, IL-17RD was markedly increased in renal tubular epithelial cells in nephritis rats, and a strong interaction of TNFR2 and IL-17RD was observed in the renal epithelia. The IL-17RD·TNFR2 complex in activation of NF-κB may explain the role of TNFR2 in inflammatory diseases including nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigao Yang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yinyin Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kunrong Mei
- Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, China, and
| | - Xiaojun Sun
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fangli Ren
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Sihan Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zi Yang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhihai Qin
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhijie Chang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China,
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16
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van Schouwenburg PA, Kruithof S, Votsmeier C, van Schie K, Hart MH, de Jong RN, van Buren EEL, van Ham M, Aarden L, Wolbink G, Wouters D, Rispens T. Functional analysis of the anti-adalimumab response using patient-derived monoclonal antibodies. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:34482-8. [PMID: 25326381 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.615500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of antibodies to adalimumab in autoimmune patients treated with adalimumab is shown to diminish treatment efficacy. We previously showed that these antibodies are almost exclusively neutralizing, indicating a restricted response. Here, we investigated the characteristics of a panel of patient-derived monoclonal antibodies for binding to adalimumab. Single B-cells were isolated from two patients, cultured, and screened for adalimumab specificity. Analysis of variable region sequences of 16 clones suggests that the immune response against adalimumab is broad, involving multiple B-cell clones each using different combinations of V(D)J segments. A strong bias for replacement mutations in the complementarity determining regions was found, indicating an antigen-driven response. We recombinantly expressed 11 different monoclonal antibodies and investigated their affinity and specificity. All clones except one are of high affinity (Kd between 0.6 and 233 pm) and compete with TNF as well as each other for binding to adalimumab. However, binding to a panel of single-point mutants of adalimumab indicates markedly different fine specificities that also result in a differential tendency of each clone to form dimeric and multimeric immune complexes. We conclude that although all anti-adalimumab antibodies compete for binding to TNF, the response is clonally diverse and involves multiple epitopes on adalimumab. These results are important for understanding the relationship between self and non-self or idiotypic determinants on therapeutic antibodies and their potential immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline A van Schouwenburg
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Kruithof
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Votsmeier
- Global Drug Discovery, Global Biologics, Bayer HealthCare AG, 51061 Cologne, Germany, and
| | - Karin van Schie
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet H Hart
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Marieke van Ham
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucien Aarden
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Wolbink
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands, the Jan van Breemen Research Institute/Reade, 1056 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Wouters
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Rispens
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
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17
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Keerthy HK, Mohan CD, Siveen KS, Fuchs JE, Rangappa S, Sundaram MS, Li F, Girish KS, Sethi G, Basappa, Bender A, Rangappa KS. Novel synthetic biscoumarins target tumor necrosis factor-α in hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:31879-31890. [PMID: 25231984 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.593855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF is a pleotropic cytokine known to be involved in the progression of several pro-inflammatory disorders. Many therapeutic agents have been designed to counteract the effect of TNF in rheumatoid arthritis as well as a number of cancers. In the present study we have synthesized and evaluated the anti-cancer activity of novel biscoumarins in vitro and in vivo. Among new compounds, BIHC was found to be the most cytotoxic agent against the HepG2 cell line while exhibiting less toxicity toward normal hepatocytes. Furthermore, BIHC inhibited the proliferation of various hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Subsequently, using in silico target prediction, BIHC was predicted as a TNF blocker. Experimental validation was able to confirm this hypothesis, where BIHC could significantly inhibit the recombinant mouse TNF-α binding to its antibody with an IC50 of 16.5 μM. Furthermore, in silico docking suggested a binding mode of BIHC similar to a ligand known to disrupt the native, trimeric structure of TNF, and also validated with molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, we have demonstrated the down-regulation of p65 phosphorylation and other NF-κB-regulated gene products upon BIHC treatment, and on the phenotypic level the compound shows inhibition of CXCL12-induced invasion of HepG2 cells. Also, we demonstrate that BIHC inhibits infiltration of macrophages to the peritoneal cavity and suppresses the activity of TNF-α in vivo in mice primed with thioglycollate broth and lipopolysaccharide. We comprehensively validated the TNF-α inhibitory efficacy of BIHC in an inflammatory bowel disease mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosadurga Kumar Keerthy
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Palace Road, Bangalore 560 001, India
| | | | - Kodappully Sivaraman Siveen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117 597
| | - Julian E Fuchs
- Unilever Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Interdisciplinary Research Group of Infectious Diseases, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre (SMART), Singapore 138 602, and
| | - Mahalingam S Sundaram
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117 597
| | - Kesturu S Girish
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117 597,; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117 599
| | - Basappa
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Palace Road, Bangalore 560 001, India,.
| | - Andreas Bender
- Unilever Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom,.
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18
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Snyder M, Huang J, Huang XY, Zhang JJ. A signal transducer and activator of transcription 3·Nuclear Factor κB (Stat3·NFκB) complex is necessary for the expression of fascin in metastatic breast cancer cells in response to interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:30082-9. [PMID: 25213863 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.591719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-6 mediated activation of Stat3 is a major signaling pathway in the process of breast cancer metastasis. One important mechanism by which the IL-6/Stat3 pathway promotes metastasis is through transcriptional regulation of the actin-bundling protein fascin. In this study, we further analyzed the transcriptional regulation of the fascin gene promoter. We show that in addition to IL-6, TNF-α increases Stat3 and NFκB binding to the fascin promoter to induce its expression. We also show that NFκB is required for Stat3 recruitment to the fascin promoter in response to IL-6. Furthermore, Stat3 and NFκB form a protein complex in response to cytokine stimulation. Finally, we demonstrate that an overlapping STAT/NFκB site in a highly conserved 160-bp region of the fascin promoter is sufficient and necessary to induce transcription in response to IL-6 and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marylynn Snyder
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cornell University Weill Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - Jianyun Huang
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cornell University Weill Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - Xin-Yun Huang
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cornell University Weill Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - J Jillian Zhang
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cornell University Weill Medical College, New York, New York 10065
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19
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Ahmed AU, Sarvestani ST, Gantier MP, Williams BRG, Hannigan GE. Integrin-linked kinase modulates lipopolysaccharide- and Helicobacter pylori-induced nuclear factor κB-activated tumor necrosis factor-α production via regulation of p65 serine 536 phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:27776-93. [PMID: 25100717 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.574541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved serine-threonine protein kinase that regulates cellular responses to a wide variety of extracellular stimuli. ILK is involved in cell-matrix interactions, cytoskeletal organization, and cell signaling. ILK signaling has also been implicated in oncogenesis and progression of cancers. However, its role in the innate immune system remains unknown. Here, we show that ILK mediates pro-inflammatory signaling in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of ILK in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and macrophages selectively blocks LPS-induced production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). ILK is required for LPS-induced activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and transcriptional induction of TNF-α. The modulation of LPS-induced TNF-α synthesis by ILK does not involve the classical NF-κB pathway, because IκB-α degradation and p65 nuclear translocation are both unaffected by ILK inhibition. Instead, ILK is involved in an alternative activation of NF-κB signaling by modulating the phosphorylation of p65 at Ser-536. Furthermore, ILK-mediated alternative NF-κB activation through p65 Ser-536 phosphorylation also occurs during Helicobacter pylori infection in macrophages and gastric cancer cells. Moreover, ILK is required for H. pylori-induced TNF-α secretion in macrophages. Although ILK-mediated phosphorylation of p65 at Ser-536 is independent of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway during LPS stimulation, upon H. pylori infection this event is dependent on the PI3K/Akt pathway. Our findings implicate ILK as a critical regulatory molecule for the NF-κB-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling pathway, which is essential for innate immune responses against pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar U Ahmed
- From the Centre for Cancer Research, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Soroush T Sarvestani
- From the Centre for Cancer Research, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Michael P Gantier
- From the Centre for Cancer Research, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Bryan R G Williams
- From the Centre for Cancer Research, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Gregory E Hannigan
- From the Centre for Cancer Research, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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20
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Jiang Y, Thakran S, Bheemreddy R, Ye EA, He H, Walker RJ, Steinle JJ. Pioglitazone normalizes insulin signaling in the diabetic rat retina through reduction in tumor necrosis factor α and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:26395-26405. [PMID: 25086044 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.583880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional insulin signaling is a key component of type 2 diabetes. Little is understood of the effects of systemic diabetes on retinal insulin signaling. A number of agents are used to treat patients with type 2 diabetes to normalize glucose levels and improve insulin signaling; however, little has been done to investigate the effects of these agents on retinal insulin signal transduction. We hypothesized that pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist, would normalize retinal insulin signal transduction through reduced tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) activities in whole retina and retinal endothelial cells (REC) and Müller cells. To test this hypothesis, we used the BBZDR/Wor type 2 diabetic rat model, as well as REC and Müller cells cultured in normoglycemia and hyperglycemic conditions, to investigate the effects of pioglitazone on TNFα, SOCS3, and downstream insulin signal transduction proteins. We also evaluated pioglitazone's effects on retinal function using electroretinogram and markers of apoptosis. Data demonstrate that 2 months of pioglitazone significantly increased electroretinogram amplitudes in type 2 diabetic obese rats, which was associated with improved insulin receptor activation. These changes occurred in both REC and Müller cells treated with pioglitazone, suggesting that these two cell types are key to insulin resistance in the retina. Taken together, these data provide evidence of impaired insulin signaling in type 2 diabetes rats, which was improved by increasing PPARγ activity. Further investigations of PPARγ actions in the retina may provide improved treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youde Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
| | - Shalini Thakran
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
| | - Rajini Bheemreddy
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
| | - Eun-Ah Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
| | - Hui He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163 and
| | - Robert J Walker
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163; Department of Biology, Philander Smith College, Little Rock, Arkansas 72202
| | - Jena J Steinle
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163 and; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163.
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21
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Resch U, Cuapio A, Sturtzel C, Hofer E, de Martin R, Holper-Schichl YM. Polyubiquitinated tristetraprolin protects from TNF-induced, caspase-mediated apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:25088-100. [PMID: 25056949 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.563312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of TNF to its receptor (TNFR1) elicits the spatiotemporal assembly of two signaling complexes that coordinate the balance between cell survival and cell death. We have shown previously that, following TNF treatment, the mRNA decay protein tristetraprolin (TTP) is Lys-63-polyubiquitinated by TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), suggesting a regulatory role in TNFR signaling. Here we demonstrate that TTP interacts with TNFR1 in a TRAF2-dependent manner, thereby initiating the MEKK1/MKK4-dependent activation of JNK activities. This regulatory function toward JNK activation but not NF-κB activation depends on lysine 105 of TTP, which we identified as the corresponding TRAF2 ubiquitination site. Disabling TTP polyubiquitination results in enhanced TNF-induced apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Together, we uncover a novel aspect of TNFR1 signaling where TTP, in alliance with TRAF2, acts as a balancer of JNK-mediated cell survival versus death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Resch
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Angélica Cuapio
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Caterina Sturtzel
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erhard Hofer
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer de Martin
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne M Holper-Schichl
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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22
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Ouyang C, Nie L, Gu M, Wu A, Han X, Wang X, Shao J, Xia Z. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) activation requires phosphorylation of serine 412 by protein kinase A catalytic subunit α (PKACα) and X-linked protein kinase (PRKX). J Biol Chem 2014; 289:24226-37. [PMID: 25028512 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.559963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a key kinase in mediating Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling. Although TAK1 activation involves the phosphorylation of Thr-184 and Thr-187 residues at the activation loop, the molecular mechanism underlying the complete activation of TAK1 remains elusive. In this work, we show that the Thr-187 phosphorylation of TAK1 is regulated by its C-terminal coiled-coil domain-mediated dimerization in an autophosphorylation manner. Importantly, we find that TAK1 activation in mediating downstream signaling requires an additional phosphorylation at Ser-412, which is critical for TAK1 response to proinflammatory stimuli, such as TNF-α, LPS, and IL-1β. In vitro kinase and shRNA-based knockdown assays reveal that TAK1 Ser-412 phosphorylation is regulated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit α (PKACα) and X-linked protein kinase (PRKX), which is essential for proper signaling and proinflammatory cytokine induction by TLR/IL-1R activation. Morpholino-based in vivo knockdown and rescue studies show that the corresponding site Ser-391 in zebrafish TAK1 plays a conserved role in NF-κB activation. Collectively, our data unravel a previously unknown mechanism involving TAK1 phosphorylation mediated by PKACα and PRKX that contributes to innate immune signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Ouyang
- From the Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Cell Biology
| | - Li Nie
- the College of Life Science, and
| | - Meidi Gu
- the Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ailing Wu
- From the Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Cell Biology
| | - Xu Han
- From the Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Cell Biology
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- the Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Zongping Xia
- From the Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Cell Biology,
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23
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Kim J, Kwak HJ, Cha JY, Jeong YS, Rhee SD, Kim KR, Cheon HG. Metformin suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in murine macrophages via activating transcription factor-3 (ATF-3) induction. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:23246-23255. [PMID: 24973221 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.577908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin, a well known antidiabetic agent that improves peripheral insulin sensitivity, also elicits anti-inflammatory actions, but its mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanism responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of metformin action in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages. Metformin inhibited LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a concentration-dependent manner and in parallel induction of activating transcription factor-3 (ATF-3), a transcription factor and member of the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein family. ATF-3 knockdown abolished the inhibitory effects of metformin on LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production accompanied with reversal of metformin-induced suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Conversely, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and NF-κB suppression by metformin were unaffected by ATF-3 knockdown. ChIP-PCR analysis revealed that LPS-induced NF-κB enrichments on the promoters of IL-6 and TNF-α were replaced by ATF-3 upon metformin treatment. AMPK knockdown blunted all the effects of metformin (ATF-3 induction, proinflammatory cytokine inhibition, and MAPK inactivation), suggesting that AMPK activation by metformin is required for and precedes ATF-3 induction. Oral administration of metformin to either mice with LPS-induced endotoxemia or ob/ob mice lowered the plasma and tissue levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and increased ATF-3 expression in spleen and lungs. These results suggest that metformin exhibits anti-inflammatory action in macrophages at least in part via pathways involving AMPK activation and ATF-3 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kwak
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Cha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Seung Jeong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Dahl Rhee
- Bioorganic Science Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Taejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea, and
| | - Kwang Rok Kim
- Bioorganic Science Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Taejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea, and
| | - Hyae Gyeong Cheon
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea; Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Incheon 405-760, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Abstract
Inflammation is now widely recognized as a key component of heart disease. Patients suffering from arrhythmias and heart failure have increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Evidence suggests that these cytokines are important mediators of cardiac remodeling; however, their effects on ion channels and arrhythmogenesis remain incompletely understood. The L-type Ca(2+) current (ICaL) is a major determinant of the plateau phase of cardiac action potential and has a critical excitation-contraction coupling role. Thus, altering its properties could have detrimental effects on cardiac electrical and contractile functions. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to elucidate the effect of TNFα and IL-1β on ICaL, while exploring the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes were treated with a pathophysiological concentration (30 pg/ml) of TNFα and IL-1β for 24 h. Voltage-clamp recordings showed that TNFα had no effect on ICaL, whereas IL-1β decreased the current density by 36%. Although both IL-1β- and TNFα-treated myocytes showed significant increase in reactive oxidative species (ROS), Western blot experiments revealed that only IL-1β increased PKCϵ membrane translocation. The antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine normalized ROS levels and restored ICaL density. Furthermore, the PKCϵ translocation inhibitor ϵ-V1-2 blocked the effect of IL-1β on ICaL. The reduction of ICaL by IL-1β was also seen in cultured adult ventricular myocytes. Overall, chronic IL-1β treatment decreased ICaL density in cardiomyocytes. These effects implicated ROS signaling and PKCϵ activation. These findings could contribute to explain the role of IL-1β in the development of arrhythmia and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil El Khoury
- From the Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8, the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sophie Mathieu
- From the Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8, the Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, and
| | - Céline Fiset
- From the Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8, the Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, and
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25
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Düsterhöft S, Höbel K, Oldefest M, Lokau J, Waetzig GH, Chalaris A, Garbers C, Scheller J, Rose-John S, Lorenzen I, Grötzinger J. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 dynamic interaction sequence, the sweet tooth for the human interleukin 6 receptor. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:16336-48. [PMID: 24790088 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.557322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is a major sheddase involved in the regulation of a wide range of biological processes. Key substrates of ADAM17 are the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and TNF-α. The extracellular region of ADAM17 consists of a prodomain, a catalytic domain, a disintegrin domain, and a membrane-proximal domain as well as a small stalk region. This study demonstrates that this juxtamembrane segment is highly conserved, α-helical, and involved in IL-6R binding. This process is regulated by the structure of the preceding membrane-proximal domain, which acts as molecular switch of ADAM17 activity operated by a protein-disulfide isomerase. Hence, we have termed the conserved stalk region "Conserved ADAM seventeen dynamic interaction sequence" (CANDIS). Finally, we identified the region in IL-6R that binds to CANDIS. In contrast to the type I transmembrane proteins, the IL-6R, and IL-1RII, CANDIS does not bind the type II transmembrane protein TNF-α, demonstrating fundamental differences in the respective shedding by ADAM17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Düsterhöft
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Höbel
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Mirja Oldefest
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Georg H Waetzig
- the CONARIS Research Institute AG, Schauenburgerstr. 116, 24118 Kiel, Germany, and
| | - Athena Chalaris
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany, the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Inken Lorenzen
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Joachim Grötzinger
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany,
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26
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Harris DP, Bandyopadhyay S, Maxwell TJ, Willard B, DiCorleto PE. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induction of CXCL10 in endothelial cells requires protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5)-mediated nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 methylation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15328-39. [PMID: 24753255 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.547349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL10/IP-10 facilitates recruitment of Th1-type leukocytes to inflammatory sites. In this study, we show that the arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 is critical for CXCL10 transcription in TNF-α-activated human endothelial cells (EC). We found that depletion of PRMT5 results in significantly reduced levels of CXCL10 mRNA, demonstrating a positive role for PRMT5 in CXCL10 induction. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments revealed the presence of the symmetrical dimethylarginine modification catalyzed by PRMT5 associated with the CXCL10 promoter in response to TNF-α. However, symmetrical dimethylarginine-modified proteins were not detected at the promoter in the absence of PRMT5, indicating that PRMT5 is essential for methylation to occur. Furthermore, NF-κB p65, a critical driver of TNF-α-mediated CXCL10 induction, was determined to be methylated at arginine residues. Crucially, RNAi-mediated PRMT5 depletion abrogated p65 methylation and CXCL10 promoter binding. Mass spectrometric analysis in EC identified five dimethylated arginine residues in p65, four of which are uncharacterized in the literature. Expression of Arg-to-Lys point mutants of p65 demonstrated that both Arg-30 and Arg-35 must be dimethylated to achieve full CXCL10 expression. In conclusion, we have identified previously uncharacterized p65 post-translational modifications critical for CXCL10 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Harris
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Smarajit Bandyopadhyay
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 and
| | - Tyler J Maxwell
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 and
| | - Belinda Willard
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 and
| | - Paul E DiCorleto
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
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27
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Bollmann F, Wu Z, Oelze M, Siuda D, Xia N, Henke J, Daiber A, Li H, Stumpo DJ, Blackshear PJ, Kleinert H, Pautz A. Endothelial dysfunction in tristetraprolin-deficient mice is not caused by enhanced tumor necrosis factor-α expression. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15653-65. [PMID: 24727475 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.566984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular events are important co-morbidities in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. Tristetraprolin (TTP) regulates pro-inflammatory processes through mRNA destabilization and therefore TTP-deficient mice (TTP(-/-) mice) develop a chronic inflammation resembling human rheumatoid arthritis. We used this mouse model to evaluate molecular signaling pathways contributing to the enhanced atherosclerotic risk in chronic inflammatory diseases. In the aorta of TTP(-/-) mice we observed elevated mRNA expression of known TTP targets like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, as well as of other pro-atherosclerotic mediators, like Calgranulin A, Cathepsin S, and Osteopontin. Independent of cholesterol levels TTP(-/-) mice showed a significant reduction of acetylcholine-induced, nitric oxide-mediated vasorelaxation. The endothelial dysfunction in TTP(-/-) mice was associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), indicating an enhanced nitric oxide inactivation by RONS in the TTP(-/-) animals. The altered RONS generation correlates with increased expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) resulting from enhanced Nox2 mRNA stability. Although TNF-α is believed to be a central mediator of inflammation-driven atherosclerosis, genetic inactivation of TNF-α neither improved endothelial function nor normalized Nox2 expression or RONS production in TTP(-/-) animals. Systemic inflammation caused by TTP deficiency leads to endothelial dysfunction. This process is independent of cholesterol and not mediated by TNF-α solely. Thus, other mediators, which need to be identified, contribute to enhanced cardiovascular risk in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Bollmann
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, and
| | | | - Matthias Oelze
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany and
| | - Daniel Siuda
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, and
| | - Ning Xia
- From the Department of Pharmacology
| | | | - Andreas Daiber
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany and
| | - Huige Li
- From the Department of Pharmacology
| | - Deborah J Stumpo
- the Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- the Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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28
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Sasi SP, Song J, Park D, Enderling H, McDonald JT, Gee H, Garrity B, Shtifman A, Yan X, Walsh K, Natarajan M, Kishore R, Goukassian DA. TNF-TNFR2/p75 signaling inhibits early and increases delayed nontargeted effects in bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:14178-93. [PMID: 24711449 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.567743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF-α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is highly expressed after being irradiated (IR) and is implicated in mediating radiobiological bystander responses (RBRs). Little is known about specific TNF receptors in regulating TNF-induced RBR in bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs). Full body γ-IR WT BM-EPCs showed a biphasic response: slow decay of p-H2AX foci during the initial 24 h and increase between 24 h and 7 days post-IR, indicating a significant RBR in BM-EPCs in vivo. Individual TNF receptor (TNFR) signaling in RBR was evaluated in BM-EPCs from WT, TNFR1/p55KO, and TNFR2/p75KO mice, in vitro. Compared with WT, early RBR (1-5 h) were inhibited in p55KO and p75KO EPCs, whereas delayed RBR (3-5 days) were amplified in p55KO EPCs, suggesting a possible role for TNFR2/p75 signaling in delayed RBR. Neutralizing TNF in γ-IR conditioned media (CM) of WT and p55KO BM-EPCs largely abolished RBR in both cell types. ELISA protein profiling of WT and p55KO EPC γ-IR-CM over 5 days showed significant increases in several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1α (Interleukin-1 alpha), RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), and MCP-1. In vitro treatments with murine recombinant (rm) TNF-α and rmIL-1α, but not rmMCP-1 or rmRANTES, increased the formation of p-H2AX foci in nonirradiated p55KO EPCs. We conclude that TNF-TNFR2 signaling may induce RBR in naïve BM-EPCs and that blocking TNF-TNFR2 signaling may prevent delayed RBR in BM-EPCs, conceivably, in bone marrow milieu in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath P Sasi
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Steward Research and Specialty Projects Corporation, Brighton, Massachusetts 02135
| | - Jin Song
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Steward Research and Specialty Projects Corporation, Brighton, Massachusetts 02135
| | - Daniel Park
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Steward Research and Specialty Projects Corporation, Brighton, Massachusetts 02135
| | - Heiko Enderling
- the Center of Cancer Systems Biology, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02135, Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - J Tyson McDonald
- the Center of Cancer Systems Biology, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02135, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Hannah Gee
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Steward Research and Specialty Projects Corporation, Brighton, Massachusetts 02135
| | - Brittany Garrity
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Steward Research and Specialty Projects Corporation, Brighton, Massachusetts 02135
| | - Alexander Shtifman
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Steward Research and Specialty Projects Corporation, Brighton, Massachusetts 02135, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Xinhua Yan
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Steward Research and Specialty Projects Corporation, Brighton, Massachusetts 02135, the Center of Cancer Systems Biology, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02135, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- the Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Mohan Natarajan
- the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229, and
| | - Raj Kishore
- the Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - David A Goukassian
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Steward Research and Specialty Projects Corporation, Brighton, Massachusetts 02135, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, the Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118,
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Gurunathan S, Winkles JA, Ghosh S, Hayden MS. Regulation of fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) expression levels via ligand-independent lysosomal degradation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12976-88. [PMID: 24652288 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.563478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) is a highly inducible cytokine receptor that engages multiple intracellular signaling pathways, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Fn14 expression is regulated by several cytokines and growth factors, and Fn14 is transiently up-regulated after injury. In contrast, in states of chronic inflammatory disease and in some solid tumors, Fn14 is persistently up-regulated. However, the post-translational regulation of Fn14 expression has not been directly investigated. Thus, we examined Fn14 proteostasis in the presence and absence of the Fn14 ligand TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). Similar to other TNF receptor superfamily members, we found that TWEAK induces Fn14 internalization and degradation. Surprisingly, we also observed rapid, TWEAK-independent, constitutive Fn14 internalization and turnover. Fn14 levels are maintained in cell culture by ongoing synthesis and trafficking of the receptor, leading to subsequent down-regulation by lysosomal degradation. Unexpectedly, the extracellular domain of Fn14 is necessary and sufficient for constitutive turnover. Based on these findings, we propose a model in which constitutive down-regulation of Fn14 facilitates dynamic regulation of Fn14 protein levels and prevents spontaneous or inappropriate receptor signaling.
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30
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Zhang Y, Lei CQ, Hu YH, Xia T, Li M, Zhong B, Shu HB. Krüppel-like factor 6 is a co-activator of NF-κB that mediates p65-dependent transcription of selected downstream genes. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12876-85. [PMID: 24634218 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.535831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-κB plays a pivotal role in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes, including development, inflammation, and immunity. How NF-κB integrates activating signals to expression of specific sets of target genes is of great interest. Here, we identified Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) as a co-activator of NF-κB after TNFα and IL-1β stimulation. Overexpression of KLF6 enhanced TNFα- and IL-1β-induced activation of NF-κB and transcription of a subset of downstream genes, whereas knockdown of KLF6 had opposite effects. KLF6 interacted with p65 in the nucleus and bound to the promoters of target genes. Upon IL-1β stimulation, KLF6 was recruited to promoters of a subset of NF-κB target genes in a p65-dependent manner, which was in turn required for the optimal binding of p65 to the target gene promoters. Our findings thus identified KLF6 as a previously unknown but essential co-activator of NF-κB and provided new insight into the molecular regulation of p65-dependent gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- From the College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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31
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Ma L, Gong H, Zhu H, Ji Q, Su P, Liu P, Cao S, Yao J, Jiang L, Han M, Ma X, Xiong D, Luo HR, Wang F, Zhou J, Xu Y. A novel small-molecule tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor attenuates inflammation in a hepatitis mouse model. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12457-66. [PMID: 24634219 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.521708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is a hallmark of many inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and septic shock and hepatitis, making it a potential therapeutic target for clinical interventions. To explore chemical inhibitors against TNFα activity, we applied computer-aided drug design combined with in vitro and cell-based assays and identified a lead chemical compound, (E)-4-(2-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl) (named as C87 thereafter), which directly binds to TNFα, potently inhibits TNFα-induced cytotoxicity (IC50 = 8.73 μM) and effectively blocks TNFα-triggered signaling activities. Furthermore, by using a murine acute hepatitis model, we showed that C87 attenuates TNFα-induced inflammation, thereby markedly reducing injuries to the liver and improving animal survival. Thus, our results lead to a novel and highly specific small-molecule TNFα inhibitor, which can be potentially used to treat TNFα-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- From the State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
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32
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Kowalczyk-Quintas C, Willen L, Dang AT, Sarrasin H, Tardivel A, Hermes K, Schneider H, Gaide O, Donzé O, Kirby N, Headon DJ, Schneider P. Generation and characterization of function-blocking anti-ectodysplasin A (EDA) monoclonal antibodies that induce ectodermal dysplasia. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:4273-85. [PMID: 24391090 PMCID: PMC3924290 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.535740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of ectodermal appendages, such as hair, teeth, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and mammary glands, requires the action of the TNF family ligand ectodysplasin A (EDA). Mutations of the X-linked EDA gene cause reduction or absence of many ectodermal appendages and have been identified as a cause of ectodermal dysplasia in humans, mice, dogs, and cattle. We have generated blocking antibodies, raised in Eda-deficient mice, against the conserved, receptor-binding domain of EDA. These antibodies recognize epitopes overlapping the receptor-binding site and prevent EDA from binding and activating EDAR at close to stoichiometric ratios in in vitro binding and activity assays. The antibodies block EDA1 and EDA2 of both mammalian and avian origin and, in vivo, suppress the ability of recombinant Fc-EDA1 to rescue ectodermal dysplasia in Eda-deficient Tabby mice. Moreover, administration of EDA blocking antibodies to pregnant wild type mice induced in developing wild type fetuses a marked and permanent ectodermal dysplasia. These function-blocking anti-EDA antibodies with wide cross-species reactivity will enable study of the developmental and postdevelopmental roles of EDA in a variety of organisms and open the route to therapeutic intervention in conditions in which EDA may be implicated.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/genetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/toxicity
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/genetics
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/toxicity
- Autoantibodies/genetics
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Autoantibodies/toxicity
- Base Sequence
- Cattle
- Cell Line
- Dogs
- Ectodermal Dysplasia/chemically induced
- Ectodermal Dysplasia/genetics
- Ectodermal Dysplasia/immunology
- Ectodermal Dysplasia/metabolism
- Ectodermal Dysplasia/pathology
- Ectodysplasins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ectodysplasins/genetics
- Ectodysplasins/immunology
- Ectodysplasins/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Pregnancy
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laure Willen
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Anh Thu Dang
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Heidi Sarrasin
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Aubry Tardivel
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Hermes
- the Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Holm Schneider
- the Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olivier Gaide
- the Department of Dermatology, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Neil Kirby
- Edimer Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and
| | - Denis J. Headon
- the Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Pascal Schneider
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
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Jangani M, Poolman TM, Matthews L, Yang N, Farrow SN, Berry A, Hanley N, Williamson AJK, Whetton AD, Donn R, Ray DW. The methyltransferase WBSCR22/Merm1 enhances glucocorticoid receptor function and is regulated in lung inflammation and cancer. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:8931-46. [PMID: 24488492 PMCID: PMC3979408 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.540906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) regulate cell fate and immune function. We identified the metastasis-promoting methyltransferase, metastasis-related methyltransferase 1 (WBSCR22/Merm1) as a novel glucocorticoid receptor (GR) regulator relevant to human disease. Merm1 binds the GR co-activator GRIP1 but not GR. Loss of Merm1 impaired both GR transactivation and transrepression by reducing GR recruitment to its binding sites. This was accompanied by loss of GR-dependent H3K4Me3 at a well characterized promoter. Inflammation promotes GC resistance, in part through the actions of TNFα and IFNγ. These cytokines suppressed Merm1 protein expression by driving ubiquitination of two conserved lysine residues. Restoration of Merm1 expression rescued GR transactivation. Cytokine suppression of Merm1 and of GR function was also seen in human lung explants. In addition, striking loss of Merm1 protein was observed in both inflammatory and neoplastic human lung pathologies. In conclusion, Merm1 is a novel regulator of chromatin structure affecting GR recruitment and function, contributing to loss of GC sensitivity in inflammation, with suppressed expression in pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Jangani
- From the Centre in Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, and
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34
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Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is secreted from adipocytes, and its expression is up-regulated in obese and diabetic mice and humans. LCN2 expression and secretion have been shown to be induced by two proinflammatory cytokines, IFNγ and TNFα, in cultured murine and human adipocytes. In these studies, we demonstrated that IFNγ and TNFα induced LCN2 expression and secretion in vivo. Although we observed a strong induction of LCN2 expression and secretion from white adipose tissue (WAT) depots, the induction of LCN2 varied among different insulin-sensitive tissues. Knockdown experiments also demonstrated that STAT1 is required for IFNγ-induced lipocalin-2 expression in murine adipocytes. Similarly, knockdown of p65 in adipocytes demonstrated the necessity of the NF-κB signaling pathway for TNFα-mediated effects on LCN2. Activation of ERKs by IFNγ and TNFα also affected STAT1 and NF-κB signaling through modulation of serine phosphorylation. ERK activation-induced serine phosphorylation of both STAT1 and p65 mediated the additive effects of IFNγ and TNFα on LCN2 expression. Our results suggest that these same mechanisms occur in humans as we observed STAT1 and NF-κB binding to the human LCN2 promoter in chromatin immunoprecipitation assays performed in human fat cells. These studies substantially increase our knowledge regarding the requirements and mechanisms used by proinflammatory cytokines to induce LCN2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 and Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808
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35
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Schwarz J, Schmidt S, Will O, Koudelka T, Köhler K, Boss M, Rabe B, Tholey A, Scheller J, Schmidt-Arras D, Schwake M, Rose-John S, Chalaris A. Polo-like kinase 2, a novel ADAM17 signaling component, regulates tumor necrosis factor α ectodomain shedding. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:3080-93. [PMID: 24338472 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.536847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17) controls pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling events by promoting ectodomain shedding of cytokine precursors and cytokine receptors. Despite the well documented substrate repertoire of ADAM17, little is known about regulatory mechanisms, leading to substrate recognition and catalytic activation. Here we report a direct interaction of the acidophilic kinase Polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2, also known as SNK) with the cytoplasmic portion of ADAM17 through the C-terminal noncatalytic region of PLK2 containing the Polo box domains. PLK2 activity leads to ADAM17 phosphorylation at serine 794, which represents a novel phosphorylation site. Activation of ADAM17 by PLK2 results in the release of pro-TNFα and TNF receptors from the cell surface, and pharmacological inhibition of PLK2 leads to down-regulation of LPS-induced ADAM17-mediated shedding on primary macrophages and dendritic cells. Importantly, PLK2 expression is up-regulated during inflammatory conditions increasing ADAM17-mediated proteolytic events. Our findings suggest a new role for PLK2 in the regulation of inflammatory diseases by modulating ADAM17 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Schwarz
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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36
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El Hachmane MF, Rees KA, Veale EL, Sumbayev VV, Mathie A. Enhancement of TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channel 3 (TASK3) two-pore domain potassium channel activity by tumor necrosis factor α. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:1388-401. [PMID: 24307172 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.500033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
TASK3 two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels are responsible for native leak K channels in many cell types which regulate cell resting membrane potential and excitability. In addition, TASK3 channels contribute to the regulation of cellular potassium homeostasis. Because TASK3 channels are important for cell viability, having putative roles in both neuronal apoptosis and oncogenesis, we sought to determine their behavior under inflammatory conditions by investigating the effect of TNFα on TASK3 channel current. TASK3 channels were expressed in tsA-201 cells, and the current through them was measured using whole cell voltage clamp recordings. We show that THP-1 human myeloid leukemia monocytes, co-cultured with hTASK3-transfected tsA-201 cells, can be activated by the specific Toll-like receptor 7/8 activator, R848, to release TNFα that subsequently enhances hTASK3 current. Both hTASK3 and mTASK3 channel activity is increased by incubation with recombinant TNFα (10 ng/ml for 2-15 h), but other K2P channels (hTASK1, hTASK2, hTREK1, and hTRESK) are unaffected. This enhancement by TNFα is not due to alterations in levels of channel expression at the membrane but rather to an alteration in channel gating. The enhancement by TNFα can be blocked by extracellular acidification but persists for mutated TASK3 (H98A) channels that are no longer acid-sensitive even in an acidic extracellular environment. TNFα action on TASK3 channels is mediated through the intracellular C terminus of the channel. Furthermore, it occurs through the ASK1 pathway and is JNK- and p38-dependent. In combination, TNFα activation and TASK3 channel activity can promote cellular apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael-F El Hachmane
- From the Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, ME4 4TB Kent, United Kingdom
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37
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Roy A, Ganesh G, Sippola H, Bolin S, Sawesi O, Dagälv A, Schlenner SM, Feyerabend T, Rodewald HR, Kjellén L, Hellman L, Åbrink M. Mast cell chymase degrades the alarmins heat shock protein 70, biglycan, HMGB1, and interleukin-33 (IL-33) and limits danger-induced inflammation. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:237-50. [PMID: 24257755 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.435156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During infection and tissue damage, virulence factors and alarmins are pro-inflammatory and induce activation of various immune cells including macrophages and mast cells (MCs). Activated MCs instantly release preformed inflammatory mediators, including several proteases. The chymase mouse mast cell protease (MCPT)-4 is thought to be pro-inflammatory, whereas human chymase also degrades pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that chymase instead limits inflammation. Here we explored the contribution of MCPT4 and human chymase to the control of danger-induced inflammation. We found that protein extracts from wild type (WT), carboxypeptidase A3-, and MCPT6-deficient mice and MCs and recombinant human chymase efficiently degrade the Trichinella spiralis virulence factor heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) as well as endogenous Hsp70. MC-(W(sash))-, serglycin-, NDST2-, and MCPT4-deficient extracts lacked this capacity, indicating that chymase is responsible for the degradation. Chymase, but not MC tryptase, also degraded other alarmins, i.e. biglycan, HMGB1, and IL-33, a degradation that was efficiently blocked by the chymase inhibitor chymostatin. IL-7, IL-22, GM-CSF, and CCL2 were resistant to chymase degradation. MCPT4-deficient conditions ex vivo and in vivo showed no reduction in added Hsp70 and only minor reduction of IL-33. Peritoneal challenge with Hsp70 resulted in increased neutrophil recruitment and TNF-α levels in the MCPT4-deficient mice, whereas IL-6 and CCL2 levels were similar to the levels found in WT mice. The rapid and MC chymase-specific degradation of virulence factors and alarmins may depend on the presence of accessible extended recognition cleavage sites in target substrates and suggests a protective and regulatory role of MC chymase during danger-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Roy
- From the Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology
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38
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Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP), the best known member of a class of tandem (R/K)YKTELCX8CX5CX3H zinc finger proteins, can destabilize target mRNAs by first binding to AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) and subsequently promoting deadenylation and ultimate destruction of those mRNAs. This study sought to determine the roles of selected amino acids in the RNA binding domain, known as the tandem zinc finger (TZF) domain, in the ability of the full-length protein to bind to AREs within the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) mRNA 3'-UTR. Within the CX8C region of the TZF domain, mutation of some of the residues specific to TTP, not found in other members of the TTP protein family, resulted in decreased binding to RNA as well as inhibited mRNA deadenylation and decay. Evaluation of simulation solution models revealed a distinct structure in the second zinc finger of TTP that was induced by the presence of these TTP-specific residues. In addition, mutations within the lead-in sequences preceding the first C of highly conserved residues within the CX5C or CX3H regions or within the linker region between the two fingers also perturbed both RNA binding and the simulation model of the TZF domain in complex with RNA. We conclude that, although the majority of conserved residues within the TZF domain of TTP are required for productive binding, not all residues at sequence-equivalent positions in the two zinc fingers of the TZF domain of TTP are functionally equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wi S Lai
- From the Laboratories of Signal Transduction and
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39
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Ogura Y, Mishra V, Hindi SM, Kuang S, Kumar A. Proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) suppresses satellite cell self-renewal through inversely modulating Notch and NF-κB signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:35159-69. [PMID: 24151074 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.517300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Satellite cell self-renewal is an essential process to maintaining the robustness of skeletal muscle regenerative capacity. However, extrinsic factors that regulate self-renewal of satellite cells are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that TWEAK cytokine reduces the proportion of Pax7(+)/MyoD(-) cells (an index of self-renewal) on myofiber explants and represses multiple components of Notch signaling in satellite cell cultures. The number of Pax7(+) cells is significantly increased in skeletal muscle of TWEAK knock-out (KO) mice compared with wild-type in response to injury. Furthermore, Notch signaling is significantly elevated in cultured satellite cells and in regenerating myofibers of TWEAK-KO mice. Forced activation of Notch signaling through overexpression of the Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) rescued the TWEAK-mediated inhibition of satellite cell self-renewal. TWEAK also activates the NF-κB transcription factor in satellite cells and inhibition of NF-κB significantly improved the number of Pax7(+) cells in TWEAK-treated cultures. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that a reciprocal interaction between NF-κB and Notch signaling governs the inhibitory effect of TWEAK on satellite cell self-renewal. Collectively, our study demonstrates that TWEAK suppresses satellite cell self-renewal through activating NF-κB and repressing Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ogura
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 and
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40
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Marzoq AJ, Giese N, Hoheisel JD, Alhamdani MSS. Proteome variations in pancreatic stellate cells upon stimulation with proinflammatory factors. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32517-32527. [PMID: 24089530 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.488387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells are key mediators in chronic pancreatitis and play a central role in the development of pancreatic fibrosis, stromal formation, and progression of pancreatic cancer. This study was aimed at investigating molecular changes at the level of the proteome that are associated with the activation of pancreatic stellate cells by proinflammatory factors, namely TNF-α, FGF2, IL6, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 (CCL4). They were added individually to cells growing in serum-free medium next to controls in medium supplemented with serum, thus containing a mixture of them all, or in serum-free medium alone. Variations were detected by means of a microarray of 810 antibodies targeting relevant proteins. All tested factors triggered increased proliferation and migration. Further analysis showed that TNF-α is the prime factor responsible for the activation of pancreatic stellate cells. CCL4 is associated with cellular neovascularization, whereas FGF2 and IL6 induction led to better cellular survival and decreased apoptotic activity of the stellate cells. The identified direct effects of individual cytokines on human pancreatic stellate cells provide new insights about their contribution to pancreatic cancer promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel J Marzoq
- From the Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalia Giese
- the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- From the Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Saiel Saeed Alhamdani
- From the Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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41
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Marzoq AJ, Giese N, Hoheisel JD, Alhamdani MSS. Proteome variations in pancreatic stellate cells upon stimulation with proinflammatory factors. J Biol Chem 2013. [PMID: 24089530 DOI: 10.074/jbc.m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells are key mediators in chronic pancreatitis and play a central role in the development of pancreatic fibrosis, stromal formation, and progression of pancreatic cancer. This study was aimed at investigating molecular changes at the level of the proteome that are associated with the activation of pancreatic stellate cells by proinflammatory factors, namely TNF-α, FGF2, IL6, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 (CCL4). They were added individually to cells growing in serum-free medium next to controls in medium supplemented with serum, thus containing a mixture of them all, or in serum-free medium alone. Variations were detected by means of a microarray of 810 antibodies targeting relevant proteins. All tested factors triggered increased proliferation and migration. Further analysis showed that TNF-α is the prime factor responsible for the activation of pancreatic stellate cells. CCL4 is associated with cellular neovascularization, whereas FGF2 and IL6 induction led to better cellular survival and decreased apoptotic activity of the stellate cells. The identified direct effects of individual cytokines on human pancreatic stellate cells provide new insights about their contribution to pancreatic cancer promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel J Marzoq
- From the Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalia Giese
- the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- From the Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Saiel Saeed Alhamdani
- From the Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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42
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Lee THY, Mitchell A, Liu Lau S, An H, Rajeaskariah P, Wasinger V, Raftery M, Bryant K, Tedla N. Glycosylation in a mammalian expression system is critical for the production of functionally active leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor A3 protein. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32873-85. [PMID: 24085305 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.478578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LILR) A3 is a member of the highly homologous activating and inhibitory receptors expressed on leukocytes. LILRA3 is a soluble receptor of unknown functions but is predicted to act as a broad antagonist to other membrane-bound LILRs. Functions of LILRA3 are unclear primarily because of the lack of high quality functional recombinant protein and insufficient knowledge regarding its ligand(s). Here, we expressed and characterized recombinant LILRA3 (rLILRA3) proteins produced in 293T cells, Escherichia coli, and Pichia pastoris. We found that the purified rLILRA3 produced in the mammalian system was the same size as a 70-kDa native macrophage LILRA3. This is 20 kDa larger than the calculated size, suggesting significant post-translational modifications. In contrast, rLILRA3 produced in E. coli was similar in size to the unprocessed protein, but yeast-produced protein was 2-4 times larger than the unprocessed protein. Treatment with peptide-N-glycosidase F reduced the size of the mammalian cell- and yeast-produced rLILRA3 to 50 kDa, suggesting that most modifications are due to glycosylation. Consistent with this, mass spectrometric analysis of the mammalian rLILRA3 revealed canonical N-glycosylation at the predicted Asn(140), Asn(281), Asn(302), Asn(341), and Asn(431) sites. Functionally, only mammalian cell-expressed rLILRA3 bound onto the surface of monocytes with high affinity, and importantly, only this significantly abrogated LPS-induced TNFα production by monocytes. Binding to monocytes was partially blocked by β-lactose, indicating that optimally glycosylated LILRA3 might be critical for ligand binding and function. Overall, our data demonstrated for the first time that LILRA3 is a potential new anti-inflammatory protein, and optimal glycosylation is required for its functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry H Y Lee
- From the Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences
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43
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Hu S, Liang S, Guo H, Zhang D, Li H, Wang X, Yang W, Qian W, Hou S, Wang H, Guo Y, Lou Z. Comparison of the inhibition mechanisms of adalimumab and infliximab in treating tumor necrosis factor α-associated diseases from a molecular view. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:27059-27067. [PMID: 23943614 PMCID: PMC3779706 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.491530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
TNFα-targeting therapy with the use of the drugs Etanercept, Infliximab, and Adalimumab is used in the clinical treatment of various inflammatory and immune diseases. Although all of these reagents function to disrupt the interaction between TNFα and its receptors, clinical investigations showed the advantages of Adalimumab treatment compared with Etanercept and Infliximab. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of action of Adalimumab remains unclear. In our previous work, we presented structural data on how Infliximab binds with the E-F loop of TNFα and functions as a TNFα receptor-binding blocker. To further elucidate the variations between TNFα inhibitors, we solved the crystal structure of TNFα in complex with Adalimumab Fab. The structural observation and the mutagenesis analysis provided direct evidence for identifying the Adalimumab epitope on TNFα and revealed the mechanism of Adalimumab inhibition of TNFα by occupying the TNFα receptor-binding site. The larger antigen-antibody interface in TNFα Adalimumab also provided information at a molecular level for further understanding the clinical advantages of Adalimumab therapy compared with Infliximab.
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MESH Headings
- Adalimumab
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Binding Sites, Antibody
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Humans
- Infliximab
- Models, Molecular
- Mutagenesis
- Protein Structure, Quaternary
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/chemistry
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Hu
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Ministry of Education Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shuaiyi Liang
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Ministry of Education Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huaizu Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hui Li
- People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaoze Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weili Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weizhu Qian
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Sheng Hou
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hao Wang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yajun Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, China; People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing 100853, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Zhiyong Lou
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Ministry of Education Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Watashi K, Liang G, Iwamoto M, Marusawa H, Uchida N, Daito T, Kitamura K, Muramatsu M, Ohashi H, Kiyohara T, Suzuki R, Li J, Tong S, Tanaka Y, Murata K, Aizaki H, Wakita T. Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α trigger restriction of hepatitis B virus infection via a cytidine deaminase activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). J Biol Chem 2013. [PMID: 24025329 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.50112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus infection is restricted by intracellular immune responses in host cells, and this is typically modulated by stimulation of cytokines. The cytokines and host factors that determine the host cell restriction against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are not well understood. We screened 36 cytokines and chemokines to determine which were able to reduce the susceptibility of HepaRG cells to HBV infection. Here, we found that pretreatment with IL-1β and TNFα remarkably reduced the host cell susceptibility to HBV infection. This effect was mediated by activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. A cytidine deaminase, activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), was up-regulated by both IL-1β and TNFα in a variety of hepatocyte cell lines and primary human hepatocytes. Another deaminase APOBEC3G was not induced by these proinflammatory cytokines. Knockdown of AID expression impaired the anti-HBV effect of IL-1β, and overexpression of AID antagonized HBV infection, suggesting that AID was one of the responsible factors for the anti-HBV activity of IL-1/TNFα. Although AID induced hypermutation of HBV DNA, this activity was dispensable for the anti-HBV activity. The antiviral effect of IL-1/TNFα was also observed on different HBV genotypes but not on hepatitis C virus. These results demonstrate that proinflammatory cytokines IL-1/TNFα trigger a novel antiviral mechanism involving AID to regulate host cell permissiveness to HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Watashi
- From the Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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45
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Watashi K, Liang G, Iwamoto M, Marusawa H, Uchida N, Daito T, Kitamura K, Muramatsu M, Ohashi H, Kiyohara T, Suzuki R, Li J, Tong S, Tanaka Y, Murata K, Aizaki H, Wakita T. Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α trigger restriction of hepatitis B virus infection via a cytidine deaminase activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). J Biol Chem 2013; 288:31715-27. [PMID: 24025329 PMCID: PMC3814766 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.501122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus infection is restricted by intracellular immune responses in host cells, and this is typically modulated by stimulation of cytokines. The cytokines and host factors that determine the host cell restriction against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are not well understood. We screened 36 cytokines and chemokines to determine which were able to reduce the susceptibility of HepaRG cells to HBV infection. Here, we found that pretreatment with IL-1β and TNFα remarkably reduced the host cell susceptibility to HBV infection. This effect was mediated by activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. A cytidine deaminase, activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), was up-regulated by both IL-1β and TNFα in a variety of hepatocyte cell lines and primary human hepatocytes. Another deaminase APOBEC3G was not induced by these proinflammatory cytokines. Knockdown of AID expression impaired the anti-HBV effect of IL-1β, and overexpression of AID antagonized HBV infection, suggesting that AID was one of the responsible factors for the anti-HBV activity of IL-1/TNFα. Although AID induced hypermutation of HBV DNA, this activity was dispensable for the anti-HBV activity. The antiviral effect of IL-1/TNFα was also observed on different HBV genotypes but not on hepatitis C virus. These results demonstrate that proinflammatory cytokines IL-1/TNFα trigger a novel antiviral mechanism involving AID to regulate host cell permissiveness to HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Watashi
- From the Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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46
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Adada MM, Orr-Gandy KA, Snider AJ, Canals D, Hannun YA, Obeid LM, Clarke CJ. Sphingosine kinase 1 regulates tumor necrosis factor-mediated RANTES induction through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase but independently of nuclear factor κB activation. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:27667-27679. [PMID: 23935096 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.489443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) produces the pro-survival sphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate and has been implicated in inflammation, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Recent studies identified TRAF2 as a sphingosine 1-phosphate target, implicating SK1 in activation of the NF-κB pathway, but the functional consequences of this connection on gene expression are unknown. Here, we find that loss of SK1 potentiates induction of the chemokine RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted; also known as CCL5) in HeLa cells stimulated with TNF-α despite RANTES induction being highly dependent on the NF-κB pathway. Additionally, we find that SK1 is not required for TNF-induced IKK phosphorylation, IκB degradation, nuclear translocation of NF-κB subunits, and transcriptional NF-κB activity. In contrast, loss of SK1 prevented TNF-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, and inhibition of p38 MAPK, like SK1 knockdown, also potentiates RANTES induction. Finally, in addition to RANTES, loss of SK1 also potentiated the induction of multiple chemokines and cytokines in the TNF response. Taken together, these data identify a potential and novel anti-inflammatory function of SK1 in which chemokine levels are suppressed through SK1-mediated activation of p38 MAPK. Furthermore, in this system, activation of NF-κB is dissociated from SK1, suggesting that the interaction between these pathways may be more complex than currently thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M Adada
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Alexa Orr-Gandy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209
| | - Ashley J Snider
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794; Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York 11768
| | - Daniel Canals
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794; Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York 11768.
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47
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Hsu KS, Kao HY. β-Transducin repeat-containing protein 1 (β-TrCP1)-mediated silencing mediator of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT) protein degradation promotes tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-induced inflammatory gene expression. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:25375-25386. [PMID: 23861398 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.473124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine modulation of the endothelium is considered an important contributor to the inflammation response. TNFα is an early response gene during the initiation of inflammation. However, the detailed mechanism by which TNFα induces proinflammatory gene expression is not completely understood. In this report, we demonstrate that silencing mediator of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT) represses the expression of a subset of TNFα target genes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Upon TNFα stimulation, we observed an increase in the E3 ubiquitin ligase β-TrCP1 and a decrease in SMRT protein levels. We show that β-TrCP1 interacts with SMRT in a phosphorylation-independent manner and cooperates with the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D2 to promote ubiquitination-dependent SMRT degradation. Knockdown of β-TrCP1 increases SMRT protein accumulation, increases SMRT association with its targeted promoters, and decreases SMRT target gene expression. Taken together, our results support a model in which TNFα-induced β-TrCP1 accumulation promotes SMRT degradation and the subsequent induction of proinflammatory gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Sheng Hsu
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 and
| | - Hung-Ying Kao
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 and; the Comprehensive Cancer Center of Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
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48
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Steelman AJ, Smith R, Welsh CJ, Li J. Galectin-9 protein is up-regulated in astrocytes by tumor necrosis factor and promotes encephalitogenic T-cell apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:23776-87. [PMID: 23836896 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.451658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Demyelination and axonal damage in multiple sclerosis (MS) are thought to be a consequence of inflammatory processes that are perpetuated by activated glia and infiltrating leukocytes. Galectin-9 is a β-galactoside binding lectin capable of modulating immune responses and appears to be up-regulated in MS. However, its role in the pathogenesis of MS has yet to be determined. Here, we report that proinflammatory cytokines induce galectin-9 (Gal-9) expression in primary astrocytes and the mechanism by which TNF up-regulates Gal-9. Astrocytes did not express Gal-9 under basal conditions nor did IL-6, IL-10, or IL-13 trigger Gal-9 expression. In contrast, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and particularly TNF up-regulated Gal-9 in astrocytes. TNF-induced Gal-9 expression was dependent on TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) as TNF failed to induce Gal-9 in TNFR1(-/-) astrocytes. Blockade of the JNK MAP kinase pathway with the JNK inhibitor SP600125 abrogated TNF-induced Gal-9, whereas p38 and MEK inhibitors had minimal effects. Furthermore, specific knockdown of c-Jun via siRNA in astrocytes before TNF treatment greatly suppressed Gal-9 transcription, suggesting that TNF induces astroglial Gal-9 through the TNF/TNFR1/JNK/cJun signaling pathway. Finally, utilizing astrocytes from Lgals9 mutant (Gal-9(-/-)) mice as well as a myelin basic protein-specific Tim-3(+) encephalitogenic T-cell clone (LCN-8), we found that conditioned medium from TNF-stimulated Gal-9(+/+) but not Gal-9(-/-) astrocytes increased the percentage of apoptotic encephalitogenic T-cells. Together, our results suggest that Gal-9 is induced in astrocytes by TNF via the JNK/c-Jun pathway and that astrocyte-derived Gal-9 may function as an immunoregulatory protein in response to ongoing neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Steelman
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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49
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Nakamura H, Moriyama Y, Makiyama T, Emori S, Yamashita H, Yamazaki R, Murayama T. Lactosylceramide interacts with and activates cytosolic phospholipase A2α. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:23264-72. [PMID: 23801329 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.491431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactosylceramide (LacCer) is a member of the glycosphingolipid family and is known to be a bioactive lipid in various cell physiological processes. However, the direct targets of LacCer and cellular events mediated by LacCer are largely unknown. In this study, we examined the effect of LacCer on the release of arachidonic acid (AA) and the activity of cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α). In CHO-W11A cells, treatment with 1-phenyl-2-palmitoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PPMP), an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase, reduced the glycosphingolipid level, and the release of AA induced by A23187 or platelet-activating factor was inhibited. The addition of LacCer reversed the PPMP effect on the stimulus-induced AA release. Exogenous LacCer stimulated the release of AA, which was decreased by treatment with an inhibitor of cPLA2α or silencing of the enzyme. Treatment of CHO-W11A cells with LacCer induced the translocation of full-length cPLA2α and its C2 domain from the cytosol to the Golgi apparatus. LacCer also induced the translocation of the D43N mutant of cPLA2α. Treatment of L929 cells with TNF-α induced LacCer generation and mediated the translocation of cPLA2α and AA release, which was attenuated by treatment with PPMP. In vitro studies were then conducted to test whether LacCer interacts directly with cPLA2α. Phosphatidylcholine vesicles containing LacCer increased cPLA2α activity. LacCer bound to cPLA2α and its C2 domain in a Ca(2+)-independent manner. Thus, we propose that LacCer is a direct activator of cPLA2α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
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50
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Ben J, Zhang Y, Zhou R, Zhang H, Zhu X, Li X, Zhang H, Li N, Zhou X, Bai H, Yang Q, Li D, Xu Y, Chen Q. Major vault protein regulates class A scavenger receptor-mediated tumor necrosis factor-α synthesis and apoptosis in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:20076-84. [PMID: 23703615 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.449538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is considered a disease of chronic inflammation largely initiated and perpetuated by macrophage-dependent synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Class A scavenger receptor (SR-A) expressed on macrophages plays a key role in this process. However, how SR-A-mediated pro-inflammatory response is modulated in macrophages remains ill defined. Here through immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry, we reported major vault protein (MVP) as a novel binding partner for SR-A. The interaction between SR-A and MVP was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and chemical cross-linking assay. Treatment of macrophages with fucoidan, a SR-A ligand, led to a marked increase in TNF-α production, which was attenuated by MVP depletion. Further analysis revealed that SR-A stimulated TNF-α synthesis in macrophages via the caveolin- instead of clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway linked to p38 and JNK, but not ERK, signaling pathways. Importantly, fucoidan invoked an enrichment of MVP in lipid raft, a caveolin-reliant membrane structure, and enhanced the interaction among SR-A, caveolin, and MVP. Finally, we demonstrated that MVP elimination ameliorated SR-A-mediated apoptosis in macrophages. As such, MVP may fine-tune SR-A activity in macrophages which contributes to the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ben
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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