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Dee S, Brands L, Nerem J, Schelkopf A, Spronk G, Kikuti M, Corzo C, Havas K. Improvements in swine herd biosecurity reduce the incidence risk of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in breeding herds in the Midwestern United States. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2024; 262:520-525. [PMID: 38183764 DOI: 10.2460/javma.23.08.0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a significant disease of swine. The purpose of this study was to determine whether application of a comprehensive, science-based approach to breeding herd biosecurity, known as next-generation biosecurity (NGB), could reduce PRRS incidence risk across a large commercial production company. ANIMALS Pigs (381,404 sows across 76 breeding herds). METHODS From 2009 to 2020, the annual incidence risk of PRRS in sow farms managed by the same company averaged 33%, ranging from 20% to 50%. To measure the effect of NGB on PRRS incidence risk, a retrospective cohort study was conducted from July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023, across breeding herds managed by the same company. During the analysis, 2 groups of herds emerged: those that implemented protocols for all phases of NGB (NGB COMPLETE), and those that implemented all described protocols of biosecurity except for air filtration (NGB INCOMPLETE). RESULTS During the 2-year assessment period, 56 breeding herds were classified as NGB COMPLETE, while 20 herds were NGB INCOMPLETE. The PRRS incidence risk in NGB COMPLETE herds was 8.9% as compared to 40.0% in NGB INCOMPLETE herds. From disease year 1 (July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2022) and disease year 2 (July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023), system-wide PRRS incidence risk was 8.6% and 9.2%, respectively. The association between NGB status and PRRS incidence risk for the 2-year period was statistically significant at a P value of .006. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results of the present report provided evidence that improvements in biosecurity result in lower PRRS incidence risk under large-scale commercial swine production conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Brands
- 2Pipestone Veterinary Services, Pipestone, MN
| | - Joel Nerem
- 2Pipestone Veterinary Services, Pipestone, MN
| | | | | | - Mariana Kikuti
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
| | - Cesar Corzo
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
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Abaya A, Zaro GC, De la Mora Pena A, Hsiang T, Goodwin PH. Phenotypic and Genotypic Variation of Cultivated Panax quinquefolius. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:300. [PMID: 38276757 PMCID: PMC10821518 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is widely used due to its medicinal properties. Ontario is a major producer of cultivated American ginseng, where seeds were originally collected from the wild without any subsequent scientific selection, and thus the crop is potentially very diverse. A collection of 162 American ginseng plants was harvested from a small area in a commercial garden and phenotyped for morphological traits, such as root grade, stem length, and fresh and dry weights of roots, leaves, stems, and seeds. All of the traits showed a range of values, and correlations were observed between root and stem weights, root dry weight and leaf dry weight, as well as root and leaf fresh weights. The plants were also genotyped using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the PW16 locus. SNP analysis revealed 22 groups based on sequence relatedness with some groups showing no SNPs and others being more diverse. The SNP groups correlated with significant differences in some traits, such as stem length and leaf weight. This study provides insights into the genetic and phenotypic diversity of cultivated American ginseng grown under similar environmental conditions, and the relationship between different phenotypes, as well as genotype and phenotype, will aid in future selection programs to develop American ginseng cultivars with desirable agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paul H. Goodwin
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (A.A.); (G.C.Z.); (A.D.l.M.P.); (T.H.)
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Khanchezar S, Babaeipour V, Mostafa AS. Overproduction of bacterial cellulose from Acetobacter xylinum BPR2001 using food industries wastes. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024. [PMID: 38233730 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a cost-effective complex culture media containing molasses and corn steep liquor (CSL) was developed for the high production of bacterial cellulose (BC) by investigating the effect of four effective factors on BC production at three levels using Taguchi and combined methods. The predicted and actual values of BC production in optimal conditions by Taguchi and combined methods were 8.41 and 14.52 g/L, respectively. These results showed that the combined method was more suitable for predicting the optimal conditions in the optimization of BC production, the cost of developed culture medium was around 94% cost of HS medium preparation, molasses was the most effective factor in both experimental design methods, and initial pH adjustment had little impact on BC production. Then, the effect of inoculation conditions containing three factors of inoculation age, ethanol addition time, and agitation rate on the increase of BC production at three levels was investigated using the response surface methodology with the Box-Behnken design algorithm. Under the optimal conditions including inoculum age of 3 days, ethanol addition time of 10 days, and stirring speed of 100 rpm, the predicted and experimental results of BC production were 21.61 and 20.21 g/L, respectively. This is among the highest ever reported for BC production, which was achieved with a more cost-effective culture medium containing molasses and CSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirwan Khanchezar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Valiolah Babaeipour
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Sadat Mostafa
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Nishida Y, Berg PC, Shakersain B, Hecht K, Takikawa A, Tao R, Kakuta Y, Uragami C, Hashimoto H, Misawa N, Maoka T. Astaxanthin: Past, Present, and Future. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:514. [PMID: 37888449 PMCID: PMC10608541 DOI: 10.3390/md21100514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AX), a lipid-soluble pigment belonging to the xanthophyll carotenoids family, has recently garnered significant attention due to its unique physical properties, biochemical attributes, and physiological effects. Originally recognized primarily for its role in imparting the characteristic red-pink color to various organisms, AX is currently experiencing a surge in interest and research. The growing body of literature in this field predominantly focuses on AXs distinctive bioactivities and properties. However, the potential of algae-derived AX as a solution to various global environmental and societal challenges that threaten life on our planet has not received extensive attention. Furthermore, the historical context and the role of AX in nature, as well as its significance in diverse cultures and traditional health practices, have not been comprehensively explored in previous works. This review article embarks on a comprehensive journey through the history leading up to the present, offering insights into the discovery of AX, its chemical and physical attributes, distribution in organisms, and biosynthesis. Additionally, it delves into the intricate realm of health benefits, biofunctional characteristics, and the current market status of AX. By encompassing these multifaceted aspects, this review aims to provide readers with a more profound understanding and a robust foundation for future scientific endeavors directed at addressing societal needs for sustainable nutritional and medicinal solutions. An updated summary of AXs health benefits, its present market status, and potential future applications are also included for a well-rounded perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Nishida
- Fuji Chemical Industries, Co., Ltd., 55 Yokohoonji, Kamiich-machi, Nakaniikawa-gun, Toyama 930-0405, Japan
| | | | - Behnaz Shakersain
- AstaReal AB, Signum, Forumvägen 14, Level 16, 131 53 Nacka, Sweden; (P.C.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Karen Hecht
- AstaReal, Inc., 3 Terri Lane, Unit 12, Burlington, NJ 08016, USA;
| | - Akiko Takikawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
| | - Ruohan Tao
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Yumeka Kakuta
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Chiasa Uragami
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Hideki Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Suematsu, Nonoichi-shi 921-8836, Japan;
| | - Takashi Maoka
- Research Institute for Production Development, 15 Shimogamo-morimoto-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0805, Japan
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Liu P, Guo H, Zhang D, Fan Y, Tang S, Zhang X. [Key technology for anaerobic fermentation of L-alanine and its commercialization]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2022; 38:4329-4334. [PMID: 37699692 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.220594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, amino acids are produced mainly by chemical synthesis or aerobic fermentation. Compared to chemical synthesis, production of amino acids by microbial fermentation directly uses renewable resources as feedstock and this reduces the dependence on petroleum-based compounds and decreases pollutants generation and toxic substrates usage. Fermentation under aerobic conditions has been used widely for its fast growth and high titers. However, a large amount of carbon is used for cell growth and this results in high biomass but low yield of target chemicals. Unlike the long history of aerobic fermentation, the commercial production of amino acids by anaerobic fermentation is realized only in recent years. It has several advantages such as simpler operation, no need for oxygen supply, and high yield close to the theoretical maximum value. L-alanine is the first amino acid commercially produced by anaerobic fermentation. In this article, we summarize the key technology for anaerobic fermentative production of L-alanine and its commercialization. As it is shown to be low-cost, high-efficiency, and environmental-friendly, anaerobic fermentation is expected to be widely used in industrial process and brings greater economic values and social benefits in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Henghua Guo
- Anhui Huaheng Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Hefei 231131, Anhui, China
| | - Dongzhu Zhang
- Anhui Huaheng Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Hefei 231131, Anhui, China
| | - Yi Fan
- Anhui Huaheng Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Hefei 231131, Anhui, China
| | - Siqing Tang
- Anhui Huaheng Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Hefei 231131, Anhui, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
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Yang X, Wang H, Hrycauk S, Klassen MD. Effects of Peroxyacetic Acid Spray and Storage Temperature on the Microbiota and Sensory Properties of Vacuum-Packed Subprimal Cuts of Meat. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e03143-20. [PMID: 33771784 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03143-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the impact of peroxyacetic acid (PAA; 200 ppm) spray on the microbiota and shelf life of commercial, vacuum-packed beef stored at chiller temperatures. Ribeye cuts (n = 147) were collected from a local beef plant on the day of production for two consecutive days, with one set collected at the start of work with the PAA spray nozzles turned off (control) and during routine production with the PAA spray nozzles turned on (PAA) each day. Packs were stored at 4, 2, and -1°C for up to 34, 104, and 180 days and sampled at appropriate intervals for sensory assessment, microbial enumeration, and microbial profiling by 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis. Treatment with PAA did not affect the initial meat pH, the initial numbers of total aerobes, lactic acid bacteria, or Enterobacteriaceae (P > 0.05) before storage; however, it delayed the onset of spoilage by 7, 21, and 54 days at 4, 2, and -1°C, respectively. Square-root models of the variation of growth rate with temperature indicated lactic acid bacteria grew faster and Enterobacteriaceae grew slower on PAA-treated than on untreated meat. Negative associations between pH and deterioration of meat during storage were observed for PAA-treated meat. During storage, the microbiota were primarily dominated by Carnobacterium and Lactobacillus/Lactococcus on control meat but by Leuconostoc on PAA-treated meat. Serratia, Yersinia, and Clostridium were identified by linear discriminant effect size analysis as biomarkers for control meat; Clostridium was found in high abundance in samples that had the highest spoilage scores.IMPORTANCE The findings of this study show that PAA solutions applied at low concentrations under commercial settings positively modulated the meat microbiota. It did not have bactericidal effects for beef subprimals with very low microbial loads. However, it differentially impacted the members of the microbiota, which resulted in delayed onset of spoilage of vacuum-packed beef subprimal stored at all three temperatures (4, 2, and -1°C). This differential impact could be through one or a combination of the following factors: favoring the growth of lactic acid bacteria, which may in turn exert a competitive exclusion that might be due to production of antimicrobial compounds such as organic acids and bacteriocins; exerting synergistic antimicrobial effects with low temperatures against members of Enterobacteriaceae; and direct or indirect inhibitory effects against members of the clostridia. These findings not only advance our understanding of the microbial ecology of vacuum-packed meat stored at chiller temperatures but also suggest that bacteriostatic concentrations of antimicrobial interventions can be explored for shelf-life extension.
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Snyder RP, Guerin MT, Hargis BM, Kruth PS, Page G, Rejman E, Rotolo JL, Sears W, Zeldenrust EG, Whale J, Barta JR. Restoration of anticoccidial sensitivity to a commercial broiler chicken facility in Canada. Poult Sci 2021; 100:663-74. [PMID: 33518120 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing resistance of Eimeria species to anticoccidial medications is an issue in the broiler chicken industry. Using drug-sensitive strains in live-coccidiosis vaccines has been shown to improve anticoccidial effectiveness in US-based broiler production. In Canada, litter is removed between flocks, which differ from the US industry practice. Thus, we investigated the use of drug-sensitive vaccine strains in a Canadian broiler production facility with suspected anticoccidial resistance. Weekly fecal samples were collected from flocks before, during, and after vaccine seeding to determine oocyst shedding patterns; following the vaccine seeding, OPG counts from similar aged birds were lower than flocks before live-coccidiosis vaccine use. Eimeria species isolates, collected before and after vaccine seeding, were used in 2 anticoccidial sensitivity tests to evaluate their susceptibility to commercially available anticoccidial medications; a low-dose challenge to define parasite replication, and a high-dose challenge to monitor broiler performance. In both experiments, isolates collected after seeding were more susceptible to almost every anticoccidial medication evaluated compared with the isolates collected before seeding. These results demonstrate an improvement in sensitivity to many anticoccidials after the use of live-coccidiosis vaccines at this facility. However, the regulated removal of litter at the end of each flock required under Canadian broiler chicken production management rules could limit the establishment of vaccine-strain Eimeria species in broiler facilities and could shorten the longevity of improved drug sensitivity observed in this study.
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Bergeron S, Pouliot E, Doyon M. Commercial Poultry Production Stocking Density Influence on Bird Health and Performance Indicators. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10081253. [PMID: 32718034 PMCID: PMC7460447 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines poultry production stocking density (SD) effect on bird welfare and economic performance. It is based on a large dataset from commercial production including observations for 2.2 million male broilers and 2.3 million female broilers from 37 production sites, with SD ranging from 20.63 kg/m2 to 41.15 kg/m2. The data collection was originally motivated by a processor's economic concerns that increasing SD could cause slower broiler growth, higher condemnations, and lower grade meat. The data was examined using several linear regressions to determine how production parameters impacted these performance indicators. Results regarding foot pad lesion, condemnations, and mortality rates are consistent with those found in the literature. However, we find that daily weight gain is positively associated with SD, contrasting with past experimental results. The difference between the scope of commercial and experimental productions is discussed as a possible reason for these conflicting results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Bergeron
- Egg Industry Economic Research Chair, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Emmanuelle Pouliot
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Consumer Science, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Maurice Doyon
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Consumer Science, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (E.P.); (M.D.)
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Amorim ML, Soares J, Coimbra JSDR, Leite MDO, Albino LFT, Martins MA. Microalgae proteins: production, separation, isolation, quantification, and application in food and feed. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1976-2002. [PMID: 32462889 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1768046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many countries have been experienced an increase in protein consumption due to the population growth and adoption of protein-rich dietaries. Unfortunately, conventional-based protein agroindustry is associated with environmental impacts that might aggravate as the humankind increase. Thus, it is important to screen for novel protein sources that are environmentally friendly. Microalgae farming is a promising alternative to couple the anthropic emissions with the production of food and feed. Some microalgae show protein contents two times higher than conventional protein sources. The use of whole microalgae biomass as a protein source in food and feed is simple and well-established. Conversely, the production of microalgae protein supplements and isolates requires the development of feasible and robust processes able to fractionate the microalgae biomass in different value-added products. Since most of the proteins are inside the microalgae cells, several techniques of disruption have been proposed to increase the efficiency to extract them. After the disruption of the microalgae cells, the proteins can be extracted, concentrated, isolated or purified allowing the development of different products. This critical review addresses the current state of the production of microalgae proteins for multifarious applications, and possibilities to concatenate the production of proteins and advanced biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Lopes Amorim
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Jimmy Soares
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcio Arêdes Martins
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Georget F, Marie L, Alpizar E, Courtel P, Bordeaux M, Hidalgo JM, Marraccini P, Breitler JC, Déchamp E, Poncon C, Etienne H, Bertrand B. Starmaya: The First Arabica F1 Coffee Hybrid Produced Using Genetic Male Sterility. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:1344. [PMID: 31695719 PMCID: PMC6818232 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present paper, we evaluated the implementation of a seed production system based on the exploitation of male sterility on coffee. We studied specifically the combination between CIR-SM01 and Marsellesa® (a Sarchimor line), which provides a hybrid population called Starmaya. We demonstrated that the establishment of seed garden under natural pollination is possible and produces a sufficient amount of hybrid seeds to be multiplied efficiently and economically. As expected for F1 hybrid, the performances of Starmaya are highly superior to conventional cultivars. However, we observed some heterogeneity on Starmaya cultivar in the field. We confirmed by genetic marker analysis that the off-types were partly related to the heterozygosity of the CIR-SM01 clone and could not be modified. Regarding the level of rust resistance of Starmaya cv., we saw that it could be improved if Marsellesa was more fully fixed genetically. If so, we should be able to decrease significantly the percentage of rust incidence of Starmaya from 15 to 5%, which would be quite acceptable at a commercial level. Starmaya represents the proof of concept for the mass propagation of Arabica F1 hybrid seeds using male sterility. Finally, we discuss the possibility to increase the number of hybrid varieties produced by seed, exploring some initiatives to identify male sterility markers to induce male sterility on any conventional cultivar. This would definitively open up the universe of known Arabica cultivars to be used in breeding new F1 hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Georget
- CIRAD, UMR IPME, Montpellier, France
- IPME, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Lison Marie
- CIRAD, UMR IPME, Montpellier, France
- IPME, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Edgardo Alpizar
- Plant material, ECOM, Exportadora Atlantic, Managua, Nicaragua
| | | | | | | | - Pierre Marraccini
- CIRAD, UMR IPME, Montpellier, France
- IPME, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-christophe Breitler
- CIRAD, UMR IPME, Montpellier, France
- IPME, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Eveline Déchamp
- CIRAD, UMR IPME, Montpellier, France
- IPME, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Clément Poncon
- Plant material, ECOM, Exportadora Atlantic, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Hervé Etienne
- CIRAD, UMR IPME, Montpellier, France
- IPME, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Benoit Bertrand
- CIRAD, UMR IPME, Montpellier, France
- IPME, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
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Wu Y, Wang J, Ou B, Zhao S, Wang Z. Some Important Issues of the Commercial Production of 1-D Nano-PANI. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E681. [PMID: 30991641 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
One-dimensional polyaniline nano-materials (1-D nano-PANI) have great promise applications in supercapacitors, sensors and actuators, electrochromic devices, anticorrosive coatings, and other nanometer devices. Consequently, commercial production of 1-D nano-PANI at large-scale needs to be quickly developed to ensure widespread usage of this material. Until now, approaches—including hard template methods, soft template methods, interfacial polymerization, rapid mixing polymerization, dilute polymerization, and electrochemical polymerization—have been reported to be used to preparation of this material. Herein, some important issues dealing with commercial production of 1-D nano-PANI are proposed based on the complexity of the synthetic process, its characters, and the aspects of waste production and treatment in particular. In addition, potential solutions to these important issues are also proposed.
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Wang Y, Ji B, Wu W, Wang R, Yang Z, Zhang D, Tian W. Hepatoprotective effects of kombucha tea: identification of functional strains and quantification of functional components. J Sci Food Agric 2014; 94:265-272. [PMID: 23716136 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kombucha tea (KT), a traditional health beverage containing potential hepatoprotective agents, is fermented from sugared tea by a symbiotic culture of yeast and bacteria for 8 days. However, the functional strains that produce components for the hepatoprotective property of KT remain unclear. Multiple strains are involved in traditional KT production. Therefore, KT has not been standardized or produced commercially. This study aimed to identify the functional strains and quantify the functional components with hepatoprotective effects in kombucha tea. RESULTS Gluconacetobacter sp. A4 was one of the microorganisms in KT in which the D-saccharic acid-1,4-lactone (DSL) produced by G. sp. A4 was significantly higher than that produced by original tea fungus at 8 days of fermentation. Traditional KT (TKT, tea broth fermented by mixed tea fungus), modified KT (MKT, fermented by single G. sp. A4), and DSL significantly inhibited the acetaminophen-induced increase of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride and malondialdehyde, as well as facilitating the reduction of total antioxidant capacity in mice. Furthermore, MKT and TKT are both similar to DSL in terms of protection against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. These results suggested a positive relationship between DSL content and the hepatoprotective effect of TKT, MKT and DSL groups. CONCLUSION G. sp. A4 was concluded to be a potential functional strain and DSL might be the key functional component for the hepatoprotective property in KT. The stronger capability of G. sp. A4 in producing DSL makes it a better choice for the commercial production of KT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
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