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Qiu H, Abudureyimu S, Liu M, Liu F, Gao Y. Study on the Interaction Between C3 Gene Polymorphism and Environment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Combined with Coronary Artery Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1467-1479. [PMID: 38562281 PMCID: PMC10982582 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s447789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of genetic variation in the C3 gene and environmental factors on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and coronary artery disease(CAD) in a population from Xinjiang, China. Methods We conducted a hospital-based case-control study with 896 participants (217 with T2DM+CAD and 679 healthy controls). A polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction was used to identify and genotype TagSNPs in the C3 gene, and the influence of the interaction of two SNP loci (rs1047286 and rs11569562) with the environment on T2DM combined with CAD was evaluated through clinical data, statistical analysis of gene frequencies, and the formation of a gene-environment interaction model. Results We find that rs11569562 GG is an independent protective factor for T2DM and CAD (OR=0.353, p=0.012), and the variants at its locus may be closely associated with Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), lipoprotein a (Lp(a)), Apolipoprotein A (APOA), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Aspartate Aminotransferase (ALT) and AST/ALT levels (all P < 0.05); its GG genotype has significantly lower Gensini score and number of stenoses than the GA and AA genotypes. Multifactorial dimensionality reduction (MDR) finds a strong correlation between rs11569562 and AST (antagonistic effect) (4.44%); the role of rs11569562's influence remains strong in terms of the independent effects of each attribute (1.72%). Conclusions In this study, we find that variants in the C3 gene loci rs11569562 are associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with coronary heart disease in a Chinese population. It is expected to be an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with coronary heart disease in the Chinese population. Rs11569562 may be associated with lipid levels and coagulation molecules. Clinical Trial Registration This trial registered on in 2014 at the China Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR-TRC-14005114).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitang Qiu
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shajidan Abudureyimu
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjia Liu
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Clinical Medical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
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Rezvani R, Shadmand Foumani Moghadam MR, Cianflone K. Acylation stimulating protein/C3adesArg in the metabolic states: role of adipocyte dysfunction in obesity complications. J Physiol 2024; 602:773-790. [PMID: 38305477 DOI: 10.1113/jp285127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue, as an endocrine organ, secretes several adipocyte-derived hormones named 'adipokines' that are implicated in regulating energy haemostasis. Substantial evidence shows that white adipose tissue-derived adipokines mediate the link between obesity-related exogenous factors (like diet and lifestyle) and various biological events (such as pre- and postmenopausal status) that have obesity consequences (cardiometabolic disorders). One of the critical aetiological factors for obesity-related diseases is the dysfunction of adipokine pathways. Acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) is an adipokine that stimulates triglyceride synthesis and storage in adipose tissue by enhancing glucose and fatty acid uptake. ASP acts via its receptor C5L2. The primary objective of this review is to address the existing gap in the literature regarding ASP by investigating its diverse responses and receptor interactions across multiple determinants of obesity. These determinants include diet composition, metabolic disorders, organ involvement, sex and sex hormone levels. Furthermore, this article explores the broader paradigm shift from solely focusing on adipose tissue mass, which contributes to obesity, to considering the broader implications of adipose tissue function. Additionally, we raise a critical question concerning the clinical relevance of the insights gained from this review, both in terms of potential therapeutic interventions targeting ASP and in the context of preventing obesity-related conditions, highlighting the potential of the ASP-C5L2 interaction as a pharmacological target. In conclusion, these findings validate that obesity is a low-grade inflammatory status with multiorgan involvement and sex differences, demonstrating dynamic interactions between immune and metabolic response determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rezvani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Katherine Cianflone
- Centre de Recherche Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie & Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Wu M, Zheng W, Song X, Bao B, Wang Y, Ramanan D, Yang D, Liu R, Macbeth JC, Do EA, Andrade WA, Yang T, Cho HS, Gazzaniga FS, Ilves M, Coronado D, Thompson C, Hang S, Chiu IM, Moffitt JR, Hsiao A, Mekalanos JJ, Benoist C, Kasper DL. Gut complement induced by the microbiota combats pathogens and spares commensals. Cell 2024; 187:897-913.e18. [PMID: 38280374 PMCID: PMC10922926 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Canonically, the complement system is known for its rapid response to remove microbes in the bloodstream. However, relatively little is known about a functioning complement system on intestinal mucosal surfaces. Herein, we report the local synthesis of complement component 3 (C3) in the gut, primarily by stromal cells. C3 is expressed upon commensal colonization and is regulated by the composition of the microbiota in healthy humans and mice, leading to an individual host's specific luminal C3 levels. The absence of membrane attack complex (MAC) components in the gut ensures that C3 deposition does not result in the lysis of commensals. Pathogen infection triggers the immune system to recruit neutrophils to the infection site for pathogen clearance. Basal C3 levels directly correlate with protection against enteric infection. Our study reveals the gut complement system as an innate immune mechanism acting as a vigilant sentinel that combats pathogens and spares commensals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wen Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xinyang Song
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bin Bao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yuanyou Wang
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Deepshika Ramanan
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - John C Macbeth
- Department of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Elyza A Do
- Department of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | | | - Tiandi Yang
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hyoung-Soo Cho
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Marit Ilves
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniela Coronado
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Saiyu Hang
- Genentech LLC, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Moffitt
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ansel Hsiao
- Department of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - John J Mekalanos
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Dennis L Kasper
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Rahkola D, Harvima RJ, Harvima IT. Increased expression of complement C3c, iC3b and cells containing CD11b or CD14 in experimentally induced psoriatic lesion. Clin Exp Immunol 2024:uxae009. [PMID: 38310540 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a characteristic isomorphic reaction, i.e., the Köbner reaction, induced by slight epidermal trauma. In this study, the tape-stripping technique was used to induce the development of Köbner reaction in 18 subjects with psoriasis. Eight subjects developed the positive reaction. To study the early cellular changes, skin biopsies were taken at the baseline and subsequent time points of 2 hours, 1 day, 3 days and 7 days for the immunostaining of complement C3c, iC3b, and cells expressing complement receptor 3 (CD11b/CD18; a receptor of iC3b) or CD14. The results show that the positive Köbner reaction associated with rapid (2h-1d) and sustained (3-7d) increase in the expression of epidermal C3c and iC3b and dermal C3c. In addition, there was a positive correlation between CD11b+ and CD14+ cells in baseline and 2h-1d biopsies with a subsequent increase in CD11b+ and CD14+ cells in 3-7d biopsies in the Köbner-positive group. In the Köbner-negative group, only a transient increase in epidermal iC3b at 2h-1d, as well as rapid (2h-1d) and sustained increase (3-7d) in dermal iC3b and CD14+ cells, was observed. In experiments with cultured monolayer keratinocytes, a slight cell damage already at 30 mJ/cm2 ultraviolet B irradiation led to increased expression of C3c, but not iC3b. Therefore, there are marked differences between Köbner groups in respect to the expression of C3c, iC3b and cells expressing CD11b or CD14. Of note is the rapid and sustained increase in epidermal C3c and iC3b in the positive Köbner reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Rahkola
- Department of Dermatology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rauno J Harvima
- Department of Dermatology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ilkka T Harvima
- Department of Dermatology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Alayash Z, Baumeister SE, Holtfreter B, Kocher T, Baurecht H, Ehmke B, Nolde M, Reckelkamm SL. Complement C3 as a potential drug target in periodontitis: Evidence from the cis-Mendelian randomization approach. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:127-134. [PMID: 37926509 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Evidence from a Phase IIa trial showed that a complement C3-targeted drug reduced gingival inflammation in patients with gingivitis. Using drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR), we investigated whether genetically proxied C3 inhibition alters the risk of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used multiple 'cis' instruments from the vicinity of the encoding loci of C3. Instrument selection was restricted to the drug target encoding loci (chromosome 19; 6,677,715-6,730,573 (GRCh37/hg19)). We selected three uncorrelated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs141552034, rs145406915, rs11569479) that were associated with serum C3 levels (p value <1 × 10-4 ) from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 5368 European descent individuals. We extracted association statistics from a GWAS of 17,353 clinical periodontitis cases and 28,210 European controls. Wald ratios were combined using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of the genetically proxied inhibition of C3 in relation to periodontitis. RESULTS MR analysis revealed that the inhibition of C3 reduces the odds of periodontitis (OR 0.91 per 1 standard deviation reduction in C3; 95% confidence interval 0.87-0.96, p value = .0003). CONCLUSIONS Findings from our MR analysis suggest a potential protective effect of C3 blockade against periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoheir Alayash
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Birte Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ehmke
- Clinic for Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Nolde
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Lars Reckelkamm
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Clinic for Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Baier E, Kluge IA, Hakroush S, Korsten P, Tampe B. Serum Uric Acid Associates with Systemic Complement C3 Activation in Severe ANCA-Associated Renal Vasculitides. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:713. [PMID: 38255787 PMCID: PMC10815696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Involvement of the complement system is key to the pathogenesis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated renal vasculitis, but immunometabolic implications, especially on serum uric acid (UA) levels, still need to be elucidated. A total of 34 patients with biopsy-proven ANCA-associated renal vasculitis between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Serum UA levels were correlated with clinical and histopathological characteristics, separated for critically ill (CI, n = 19), myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA (n = 21) and proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA (n = 13) subgroups. We here identified inverse correlations of serum UA levels and complement C3 levels in the total cohort (p = 0.005) and the CI subgroup (p < 0.001). Intrarenal complement C4d deposition in venules correlated with serum UA levels in the total cohort (p = 0.007) and in the CI subgroup (p = 0.016). Significant associations of serum UA levels and tubulitis in areas of scarred cortex (t-IFTA) were identified in the total cohort (p = 0.008), and both subgroups of CI (p = 0.034) and MPO-ANCA (p = 0.029). In PR3-ANCA, interstitial fibrosis (ci) was observed as the strongest association with serum UA levels (p = 0.022). Our observations broaden our current understanding of contributory metabolic factors that influence the initial disease course in ANCA-associated renal vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Baier
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Ingmar Alexander Kluge
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (I.A.K.); (S.H.)
| | - Samy Hakroush
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (I.A.K.); (S.H.)
- SYNLAB Pathology Hannover, SYNLAB Holding Germany, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, School of Medicine of the University of Göttingen, 28205 Bremen, Germany
| | - Peter Korsten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, St. Josef-Stift Sendenhorst, 48324 Sendenhorst, Germany;
| | - Björn Tampe
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
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Tsuchida M, Goto S, Watanabe H, Goto S, Yamaguchi H, Narita I. Defective C3d caused by C3 p.W1034R in inherited atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2288. [PMID: 37795781 PMCID: PMC10767574 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare form of thrombotic microangiopathy. Personal genome analyses have revealed numerous aHUS-causing variants, mainly complement-related genes. However, not all aHUS-causing variants have been functionally validated. METHODS An exome sequence analysis of a Japanese multiplex family composed of three patients diagnosed with aHUS in infancy and showing frequent relapses clustered in a dominant transmission mode was performed. Protein interaction between the C3d and C-terminal domains of factor H was analyzed using a quartz crystal microbalance. RESULTS Following filtering by heterozygous variants, amino acid substitutions, and allele frequency, the analysis revealed eight rare variants shared by the affected individuals. Variant prioritization listed C3 p.W1034R as the most likely candidate gene mutation in the affected individuals, despite being classified as a variant of uncertain significance. Binding of recombinant C3d harboring 1034R to recombinant short consensus repeats 15 to 20 of factor H was significantly suppressed compared with that of C3 with 1034W. CONCLUSION C3 p.W1034R results in an inherited form of aHUS that often presents with recurrent episodes, possibly because of impaired interactions between the C3d and C-terminal domains of factor H. Following comprehensive genomic analysis, functional validation of C3 p.W1034R strengthens the molecular basis for aHUS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Tsuchida
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kidney Research CenterNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Shin Goto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kidney Research CenterNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Hirofumi Watanabe
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kidney Research CenterNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Sawako Goto
- Department of Applied Molecular Medicine, Kidney Research CenterNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Hiroki Yamaguchi
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kidney Research CenterNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kidney Research CenterNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
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Arabi A, Aria (Soltani) S, Maniaci B, Mann K, Martinson H, Kullberg M. Enhancing T Cell and Antibody Response in Mucin-1 Transgenic Mice through Co-Delivery of Tumor-Associated Mucin-1 Antigen and TLR Agonists in C3-Liposomes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2774. [PMID: 38140114 PMCID: PMC10747059 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucin-1 (MUC1) is a highly relevant antigen for cancer vaccination due to its overexpression and hypo-glycosylation in a high percentage of carcinomas. To enhance the immune response to MUC1, our group has developed C3-liposomes that encapsulate the MUC1 antigen along with immunostimulatory compounds for direct delivery to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). C3-liposomes bind complement C3, which interacts with C3-receptors on APCs, resulting in liposomal uptake and the delivery of tumor antigens to APCs in a manner that mimics pathogenic uptake. In this study, MUC1 and Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists were encapsulated in C3-liposomes to provoke an immune response in transgenic mice tolerant to MUC1. The immune response to the C3-bound MUC1 liposomal vaccine was assessed by ELISA, ELISpot, and flow cytometry. Co-administering TLR 7/8 agonists with MUC1 encapsulated in C3-liposomes resulted in a significant antibody response compared to non-encapsulated MUC1. This antibody response was significantly higher in females than in males. The co-encapsulation of three TLR agonists with MUC1 in C3-liposomes significantly increased antibody responses and eliminated sex-based differences. Furthermore, this immunization strategy resulted in a significantly increased T cell-response compared to other treatment groups. In conclusion, the co-delivery of MUC1 and TLR agonists via C3-liposomes greatly enhances the immune response to MUC1, highlighting its potential for antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Arabi
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; (A.A.); (S.A.); (B.M.); (H.M.)
- Johns Hopkins Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1551 Jefferson St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Shahab Aria (Soltani)
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; (A.A.); (S.A.); (B.M.); (H.M.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Brandon Maniaci
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; (A.A.); (S.A.); (B.M.); (H.M.)
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kristine Mann
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA;
| | - Holly Martinson
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; (A.A.); (S.A.); (B.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Max Kullberg
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; (A.A.); (S.A.); (B.M.); (H.M.)
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Liu MC, Li JL, Wang YF, Meng Y, Zheng GM, Cai Z, Shen C, Wang MD, Zhu XG, Chen YZ, Wang YL, Zhao WJ, Niu WQ, Wang YX. Association between serum complements and kidney function in patients with diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1195966. [PMID: 38047115 PMCID: PMC10690951 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1195966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to explore the association between serum complements and kidney function of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in Chinese patients. Methods This is a retrospective study involving 2,441 participants. DKD was diagnosed according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) categories. Participants were classified as stages G1-G5 by KDIGO glomerular filtration rate (GFR) categories. Effect sizes are expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results After balancing age, gender, systolic blood pressure (SBP), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), serum triglyceride (TG), and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) between the G2-G5 and control groups, per 0.1 g/L increment in serum complement C3 was significantly associated with a 27.8% reduced risk of DKD at G5 stage (OR, 95% CI, P: 0.722, 0.616-0.847, <0.001) relative to the G1 stage. Conversely, per 0.1 g/L increment in serum complement C4 was associated with an 83.0-177.6% increased risk of G2-G5 stage (P<0.001). Serum complement C1q was not statistically significant compared to controls at all stages prior to or after propensity score matching. Conclusions Our results indicate that high concentrations of serum C4 were associated with the significantly elevated risk of kidney function deterioration across all stages, and reduced serum C3 levels with an increased risk of DKD stage G5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-chao Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-lin Li
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-fen Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-min Zheng
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cun Shen
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-di Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-gang Zhu
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang-zi Chen
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-lin Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-jing Zhao
- Department of Nephropathy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-quan Niu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yao-xian Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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Qi Y, Si H, Jin X, Guo Y, Xia J, He J, Deng X, Deng M, Yao W, Hao C. Changes in serum TIM-3 and complement C3 expression in workers due to Mn exposure. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1289838. [PMID: 38026392 PMCID: PMC10666638 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1289838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mn (Manganese, Mn) is an essential trace element involved in various biological processes such as the regulation of immune, nervous and digestive system functions. However, excessive Mn exposure can lead to immune damage. Occupational workers in cement and ferroalloy manufacturing and other related industries are exposed to low levels of Mn for a long time. Mn exposure is one of the important occupational hazards, but the research on the effect of Mn on the immune system of the occupational population is not complete, and there is no reliable biomarker. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the immunotoxicity of Mn from the soluble immune checkpoint TIM-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin containing protein 3, TIM-3) and complement C3. A total of 144 Mn-exposed workers were recruited from a bus manufacturing company and a railroad company in Henan Province. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer was used to detect the concentration of RBC Mn (Red blood cell Mn, RBC Mn), and ELISA kits were used to detect serum complement C3 and TIM-3. Finally, the subjects were statistically analyzed by dividing them into low and high Mn groups based on the median RBC Mn concentration. We found that Mn exposure resulted in elevated serum TIM-3 expression and decreased complement C3 expression in workers; that serum TIM-3 and complement C3 expression showed a dose-response relationship with RBC Mn; and that the mediating effect of complement C3 between RBC Mn and TIM-3 was found to be significant. The above findings indicate that this study has a preliminary understanding of the effect of Mn exposure on the immune system of the occupational population exposed to Mn, and complement C3 and TIM-3 may be biomarkers of Mn exposure, which may provide clues for the prevention and control of Mn occupational hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanmeng Qi
- Department of Occupational and Environment Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huifang Si
- Department of Occupational and Environment Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Prevention and Infection Control Section, Xi’an Union Hospital, Xi’an, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaofei Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yonghua Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environment Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiarui Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environment Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Occupational and Environment Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuedan Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environment Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environment Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environment Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Changfu Hao
- Department of Child and Adolescence Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Song HJ, Kim JE, Jin YJ, Roh YJ, Seol A, Kim TR, Park KH, Park ES, An BS, Yang SY, Seo S, Jo SM, Jung YS, Hwang DY. Complement C3-Deficiency-Induced Constipation in FVB/N-C3em1Hlee/Korl Knockout Mice Was Significantly Relieved by Uridine and Liriope platyphylla L. Extracts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15757. [PMID: 37958740 PMCID: PMC10649790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement component 3 (C3) deficiency has recently been known as a cause of constipation, without studies on the therapeutic efficacy. To evaluate the therapeutic agents against C3-deficiency-induced constipation, improvements in the constipation-related parameters and the associated molecular mechanisms were examined in FVB/N-C3em1Hlee/Korl knockout (C3 KO) mice treated with uridine (Urd) and the aqueous extract of Liriope platyphylla L. (AEtLP) with laxative activity. The stool parameters and gastrointestinal (GI) transit were increased in Urd- and AEtLP-treated C3 KO mice compared with the vehicle (Veh)-treated C3 KO mice. Urd and AEtLP treatment improved the histological structure, junctional complexes of the intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB), mucin secretion ability, and water retention capacity. Also, an improvement in the composition of neuronal cells, the regulation of excitatory function mediated via the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), and the regulation of the inhibitory function mediated via the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) were detected in the enteric nervous system (ENS) of Urd- and AEtLP-treated C3 KO mice. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that C3-deficiency-induced constipation can improve with treatment with Urd and AEtLP via the regulation of the mucin secretion ability, water retention capacity, and ENS function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jin Song
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - You-Jeong Jin
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Yu-Jeong Roh
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Ayun Seol
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Tae-Ryeol Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Ki-Ho Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Eun-Seo Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Beum-Soo An
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Seung-Yun Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Sungbaek Seo
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Seong-Min Jo
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Young-Suk Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dae-Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (J.-E.K.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-J.R.); (A.S.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.P.); (E.-S.P.); (B.-S.A.); (S.-Y.Y.); (S.S.); (S.-M.J.)
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Crisafulli F, Andreoli L, Zucchi D, Reggia R, Gerardi MC, Lini D, Tani C, Zatti S, Franceschini F, Mosca M, Tincani A. Variations of C3 and C4 Before and During Pregnancy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Association With Disease Flares and Obstetric Outcomes. J Rheumatol 2023; 50:1296-1301. [PMID: 37127323 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.2022-1135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze complement level variations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pregnancies, focusing on disease flares and obstetric complications. METHODS SLE pregnancies prospectively followed by multidisciplinary teams from 1987 to 2018 in 2 Italian rheumatology centers were retrospectively analyzed. As reference, pregnancy-modified ranges of normal levels of C3 and C4 were derived from 175 pregnancies from the general obstetric population (GOP), as previously described by our group. RESULTS Two hundred forty-six pregnancies in 172 patients with SLE were analyzed. Eighty-nine percent were live births. Thirty-five flares were recorded in 30 pregnancies (12.2%) and obstetric complications occurred in 47 pregnancies (19.1%) including 27 pregnancy losses, 11 severely preterm births (2 resulting in perinatal death), and 15 hypertensive disorders. C3 and C4 levels were higher in the GOP than in patients with SLE, at any time point. C3 and C4 levels progressively increased during pregnancy in both GOP and SLE pregnancies without flare and obstetric complications, whereas this physiological increase was not observed in pregnancies with flares or obstetric complications. A significantly higher frequency of low C4 was found in pregnancies with flares (at preconception and in each trimester) and preterm births (at preconception). In multivariate analysis, low C4 at preconception was associated with flares (odds ratio 13.81, 95% CI 3.10-61.43, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Low C4 at preconception was found to be an independent risk factor for SLE flare during pregnancy. Not only C3 and C4 levels but also their variations should be observed, as their failure to increase can be useful to predict risk of complications and suggest closer monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Crisafulli
- F. Crisafulli, MD, L. Andreoli, MD, D. Lini, MD, F. Franceschini, MD, A. Tincani, MD, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia;
| | - Laura Andreoli
- F. Crisafulli, MD, L. Andreoli, MD, D. Lini, MD, F. Franceschini, MD, A. Tincani, MD, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia
| | - Dina Zucchi
- D. Zucchi, MD, C. Tani, MD, M. Mosca, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - Rossella Reggia
- R. Reggia, MD, Internal Medicine, Casa di Cura San Camillo, Cremona
| | - Maria C Gerardi
- M.C. Gerardi, MD, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, and Rheumatology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano
| | - Daniele Lini
- F. Crisafulli, MD, L. Andreoli, MD, D. Lini, MD, F. Franceschini, MD, A. Tincani, MD, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia
| | - Chiara Tani
- D. Zucchi, MD, C. Tani, MD, M. Mosca, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - Sonia Zatti
- S. Zatti, MD, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Franco Franceschini
- F. Crisafulli, MD, L. Andreoli, MD, D. Lini, MD, F. Franceschini, MD, A. Tincani, MD, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia
| | - Marta Mosca
- D. Zucchi, MD, C. Tani, MD, M. Mosca, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - Angela Tincani
- F. Crisafulli, MD, L. Andreoli, MD, D. Lini, MD, F. Franceschini, MD, A. Tincani, MD, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia
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Tao Q, Zhang C, Mercier G, Lunetta K, Ang TFA, Akhter‐Khan S, Zhang Z, Taylor A, Killiany RJ, Alosco M, Mez J, Au R, Zhang X, Farrer LA, Qiu WWQ. Identification of an APOE ε4-specific blood-based molecular pathway for Alzheimer's disease risk. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2023; 15:e12490. [PMID: 37854772 PMCID: PMC10579631 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The precise apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4-specific molecular pathway(s) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk are unclear. METHODS Plasma protein modules/cascades were analyzed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study. Multivariable regression analyses were used to examine the associations among protein modules, AD diagnoses, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and brain glucose metabolism, stratified by APOE genotype. RESULTS The Green Module was associated with AD diagnosis in APOE ε4 homozygotes. Three proteins from this module, C-reactive protein (CRP), complement C3, and complement factor H (CFH), had dose-dependent associations with CSF p-tau and cognitive impairment only in APOE ε4 homozygotes. The link among these three proteins and glucose hypometabolism was observed in brain regions of the default mode network (DMN) in APOE ε4 homozygotes. A Framingham Heart Study validation study supported the findings for AD. DISCUSSION The study identifies the APOE ε4-specific CRP-C3-CFH inflammation pathway for AD, suggesting potential drug targets for the disease.Highlights: Identification of an APOE ε4 specific molecular pathway involving blood CRP, C3, and CFH for the risk of AD.CRP, C3, and CFH had dose-dependent associations with CSF p-Tau and brain glucose hypometabolism as well as with cognitive impairment only in APOE ε4 homozygotes.Targeting CRP, C3, and CFH may be protective and therapeutic for AD onset in APOE ε4 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushan Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & BiophysicsBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Slone Epidemiology CenterSchool of Public HealthBoston University Medical Campus (BUMC)BostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Chao Zhang
- Section of Computational BiomedicineDepartment of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Gustavo Mercier
- Section of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear MedicineDepartment of RadiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kathryn Lunetta
- Slone Epidemiology CenterSchool of Public HealthBoston University Medical Campus (BUMC)BostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ting Fang Alvin Ang
- Slone Epidemiology CenterSchool of Public HealthBoston University Medical Campus (BUMC)BostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Anatomy & NeurobiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Samia Akhter‐Khan
- Department of Health Service & Population ResearchKing's College London, LondonDavid Goldberg CentreLondonUK
| | - Zhengrong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & BiophysicsBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Andrew Taylor
- Department of OphthalmologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ronald J. Killiany
- Department of Anatomy & NeurobiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Michael Alosco
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jesse Mez
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Alzheimer's Disease and CTE CentersBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Rhoda Au
- Slone Epidemiology CenterSchool of Public HealthBoston University Medical Campus (BUMC)BostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Anatomy & NeurobiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Alzheimer's Disease and CTE CentersBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Wendy Wei Qiao Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & BiophysicsBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Alzheimer's Disease and CTE CentersBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of PsychiatryBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Fang Z, Lee H, Liu J, Wong KA, Brown LM, Li X, Xiaoli AM, Yang F, Zhang M. Complement C3 Reduces Apoptosis via Interaction with the Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway. Cells 2023; 12:2282. [PMID: 37759504 PMCID: PMC10528058 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) elicits an acute inflammatory response involving complement factors. Recently, we reported that myocardial necrosis was decreased in complement C3-/- mice after heart I/R. The current study used the same heart model to test the effect of C3 on myocardial apoptosis and investigated if C3 regulation of apoptosis occurred in human cardiomyocytes. Comparative proteomics analyses found that cytochrome c was present in the myocardial C3 complex of WT mice following I/R. Incubation of exogenous human C3 reduced apoptosis in a cell culture system of human cardiomyocytes that did not inherently express C3. In addition, human C3 inhibited the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in a cell-free apoptosis system. Finally, human pro-C3 was found to bind with an apoptotic factor, pro-caspase 3, in a cell-free system. Thus, we present firsthand evidence showing that C3 readily reduces myocardial apoptosis via interaction with the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Fang
- Departments of Anesthesiology, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (Z.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (K.A.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Haekyung Lee
- Departments of Anesthesiology, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (Z.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (K.A.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Junying Liu
- Departments of Anesthesiology, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (Z.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (K.A.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Karen A. Wong
- Departments of Anesthesiology, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (Z.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (K.A.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Lewis M. Brown
- Quantitative Proteomics and Metabolomics Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA;
| | - Xiang Li
- Departments of Anesthesiology, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (Z.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (K.A.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Alus M. Xiaoli
- Department of Medicine/Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (A.M.X.); (F.Y.)
| | - Fajun Yang
- Department of Medicine/Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (A.M.X.); (F.Y.)
| | - Ming Zhang
- Departments of Anesthesiology, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (Z.F.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (K.A.W.); (X.L.)
- Departments of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
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15
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Golomingi M, Kohler J, Lamers C, Pouw RB, Ricklin D, Dobó J, Gál P, Pál G, Kiss B, Dopler A, Schmidt CQ, Hardy ET, Lam W, Schroeder V. Complement inhibition can decrease the haemostatic response in a microvascular bleeding model at multiple levels. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1226832. [PMID: 37771595 PMCID: PMC10525698 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1226832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Haemostasis is a crucial process by which the body stops bleeding. It is achieved by the formation of a platelet plug, which is strengthened by formation of a fibrin mesh mediated by the coagulation cascade. In proinflammatory and prothrombotic conditions, multiple interactions of the complement system and the coagulation cascade are known to aggravate thromboinflammatory processes and increase the risk of arterial and venous thrombosis. Whether those interactions also play a relevant role during the physiological process of haemostasis is not yet completely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of complement components and activation during the haemostatic response to mechanical vessel injury. Methods We used a microvascular bleeding model that simulates a blood vessel, featuring human endothelial cells, perfusion with fresh human whole blood, and an inducible mechanical injury to the vessel. We studied the effects of complement inhibitors against components of the lectin (MASP-1, MASP-2), classical (C1s), alternative (FD) and common pathways (C3, C5), as well as a novel triple fusion inhibitor of all three complement pathways (TriFu). Effects on clot formation were analysed by recording of fibrin deposition and the platelet activation marker CD62P at the injury site in real time using a confocal microscope. Results With the inhibitors targeting MASP-2 or C1s, no significant reduction of fibrin formation was observed, while platelet activation was significantly reduced in the presence of the FD inhibitor. Both common pathway inhibitors targeting C3 or C5, respectively, were associated with a substantial reduction of fibrin formation, and platelet activation was also reduced in the presence of the C3 inhibitor. Triple inhibition of all three activation pathways at the C3-convertase level by TriFu reduced both fibrin formation and platelet activation. When several complement inhibitors were directly compared in two individual donors, TriFu and the inhibitors of MASP-1 and C3 had the strongest effects on clot formation. Conclusion The observed impact of complement inhibition on reducing fibrin clot formation and platelet activation suggests a role of the complement system in haemostasis, with modulators of complement initiation, amplification or effector functions showing distinct profiles. While the interactions between complement and coagulation might have evolved to support haemostasis and protect against bleeding in case of vessel injury, they can turn harmful in pathological conditions when aggravating thromboinflammation and promoting thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murielle Golomingi
- Experimental Haemostasis Group, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jessie Kohler
- Experimental Haemostasis Group, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christina Lamers
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard B. Pouw
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ricklin
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - József Dobó
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Gál
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Pál
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Kiss
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arthur Dopler
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christoph Q. Schmidt
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elaissa Trybus Hardy
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Wilbur Lam
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Verena Schroeder
- Experimental Haemostasis Group, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Chen C, Ren A, Yi Q, Cai J, Khan M, Lin Y, Huang Z, Lin J, Zhang J, Liu W, Xu A, Tian Y, Yuan Y, Zheng R. Therapeutic hyperthermia regulates complement C3 activation and suppresses tumor development through HSPA5/NFκB/CD55 pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 213:221-234. [PMID: 37249005 PMCID: PMC10361742 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic in Southern China and Southeast Asia. Hyperthermia is widely used in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy to enhance therapeutic efficacy in NPC treatment, but the underlying anti-tumor mechanisms of hyperthermia remain unclear. Complement C3 has been reported to participate in the activation of immune system in the tumor microenvironment, leading to tumor growth inhibition. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect and mechanisms of hyperthermia and investigate the functional role of complement C3 in NPC hyperthermia therapy (HT). The serum levels of complement C3 before and after hyperthermia therapy in patients with NPC were analyzed. NPC cell lines SUNE1 and HONE1 were used for in vitro experiment to evaluate the function of complement C3 and HT on cell proliferation and apoptosis. SUNE1 xenograft mouse model was established and tumor-bearing mice were treated in water bath at a constant temperature of 43°C. Tumor samples were collected at different time points to verify the expression of complement C3 by immunohistochemical staining and western blot. The differential expressed genes after hyperthermia were analyzed by using RNA sequencing. We found that complement could enhance hyperthermia effect on suppressing proliferation and promoting apoptosis of tumor cells in NPC. Hyperthermia decreased the mRNA expression of complement C3 in tumor cells, but promoted the aggregation and activation circulating C3 in NPC tumor tissue. By using in vitro hyperthermia-treated NPC cell lines and SUNE1 xenograft tumor-bearing mice, we found that the expression of heat shock protein 5 (HSPA5) was significantly upregulated. Knockdown of HSPA5 abrogated the anti-tumor effect of hyperthermia. Moreover, we demonstrated that hyperthermia downregulated CD55 expression via HSPA5/NFκB (P65) signaling and activated complement cascade. Our findings suggest that therapeutic hyperthermia regulates complement C3 activation and suppresses tumor development via HSPA5/NFκB/CD55 pathway in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anbang Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiazuo Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunen Lin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhong Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - YaWei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ronghui Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Hao Y, Fu Y, Sun L, Yu Y, Min X, Wei Q, Huang S, Zhao S, Wang L, Wang Y, Li Y, Zheng X, Zhang C, Xu H, Wang X, Lee GD. A novel fasting regimen revealed protein reservation and complement C3 down-regulation after 14-day's continual dietary deprivation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1150547. [PMID: 37484967 PMCID: PMC10359884 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1150547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim is to evaluate the effect of a novel 14-day fasting regimen on the balance between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue composition which might associate with inflammatory factors. Our analysis includes basic physical examinations, clinical laboratory analysis, bioelectrical impedance and biochemical analytic assessments of healthy volunteers. Methods Eight healthy subjects were randomly selected from a pool of volunteers to undergo a continual dietary deprivation (CDD) regimen. Individuals were assigned to take Flexible Abrosia (FA, prebiotic combination) plus appropriate mineral supplement of potassium and magnesium at 3 mealtime every day to prevent potential injury from starved intestinal flora and avoid spasms of smooth muscle due to hunger. Physical and medical examinations were conducted and blood samples were collected at following timepoints: before CDD as self-control (0D), day 7 and day 14 during fasting, and 7-21days and/or 2~3mo after refeeding. Results The combination of FA and mineral supplements significantly decreased self-reported physical response of starvation, with tolerable hunger-mediated sensations experienced during CDD. Bioelectrical and biochemical results indicated significant reduction in both muscle lean and fat mass on day 7. Meanwhile, markers related to fat composition consistently decreased during and after CDD. In addition, most biochemical marker levels, including serum proteins, reached their inflection points at the 7th day of CDD as compared to the control measurements. Levels of these factors started to show a relative plateau, or reversed direction upon the 14th day of CDD. The exceptions of above factors were myostatin and complement protein C3, which remained at lower concentrations in the blood throughout CDD, and were unable to fully recover toward baseline levels even after 3 months' refeeding. Conclusion Our results indicated that human subjects undergoing prolonged dietary restriction were well protected by FA and mineral ions from gut injury or physical discomfort of starvation. Most factors showed a relative plateau response at the end of 14D-CDD. The muscle tissues were well preserved during prolonged fasting, and an improved protein/lipid ratio was observed. Upon refeeding, constant lower levels of myostatin and complement C3 were maintained after CDD implies a long-term beneficial effect in dealing with anti-aging and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Hao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yu Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Liangliang Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yaying Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xia Min
- College of National Security, University of National Defense, Beijing, China
| | - Qiannan Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Shuangjian Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Sen Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Li Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - YuanYuan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xia Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Chenlu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Hongxia Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- Institute on Aging and Disease of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Garrick D. Lee
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- Institute on Aging and Disease of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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Caillard P, Vigneau C, Halimi JM, Hazzan M, Thervet E, Heitz M, Juillard L, Audard V, Rabant M, Hertig A, Subra JF, Vuiblet V, Guerrot D, Tamain M, Essig M, Lobbedez T, Quemeneur T, Legendre M, Ganea A, Peraldi MN, Vrtovsnik F, Daroux M, Makdassi R, Choukroun G, Titeca-Beauport D. Prognostic value of complement serum C3 level and glomerular C3 deposits in anti-glomerular basement membrane disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1190394. [PMID: 37475859 PMCID: PMC10354545 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Activation of the complement system is involved in the pathogenesis of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease. Glomerular deposits of complement 3 (C3) are often detected on kidney biopsies. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the prognostic value of the serum C3 level and the presence of C3 glomerular deposits in patients with anti-GBM disease. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 150 single-positive patients with anti-GBM disease diagnosed between 1997 and 2017. Patients were categorized according to the serum C3 level (forming a low C3 (C3<1.23 g/L) and a high C3 (C3≥1.23 g/L) groups) and positivity for C3 glomerular staining (forming the C3+ and C3- groups). The main outcomes were kidney survival and patient survival. Results Of the 150 patients included, 89 (65%) were men. The median [interquartile range (IQR)] age was 45 [26-64]. At diagnosis, kidney involvement was characterized by a median [IQR] peak serum creatinine (SCr) level of 578 [298-977] µmol/L, and 106 (71%) patients required dialysis. Patients in the low C3 group (72 patients) had more severe kidney disease at presentation, as characterized by higher prevalences of oligoanuria, peak SCr ≥500 µmol/L (69%, vs. 53% in the high C3 group; p=0.03), nephrotic syndrome (42%, vs. 24%, respectively; p=0.02) and fibrous forms on the kidney biopsy (21%, vs. 8%, respectively; p=0.04). Similarly, we observed a negative association between the presence of C3 glomerular deposits (in 52 (41%) patients) and the prevalence of cellular forms (83%, vs. 58% in the C3- group; p=0.003) and acute tubulo-interstitial lesions (60%, vs. 36% in the C3- group; p=0.007). When considering patients not on dialysis at diagnosis, the kidney survival rate at 12 months was poorer in the C3+ group (50% [25-76], vs. 91% [78-100] in the C3- group; p=0.01), with a hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] of 5.71 [1.13-28.85] (p=0.04, after adjusting for SCr). Conclusion In patients with anti-GBM disease, a low serum C3 level and the presence of C3 glomerular deposits were associated with more severe disease and histological kidney involvement at diagnosis. In patients not on dialysis at diagnosis, the presence of C3 deposits was associated with worse kidney survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Caillard
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- Mécanismes Physiopathologiques et Conséquences des Calcifications Cardiovasculaires (MP3CV) laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Santé (CURS), Amiens, France
| | - Cécile Vigneau
- Rennes University Hospital, Inserm, Ecole des hautes études en santé publique (EHESP), Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Michel Halimi
- Department of Nephrology, Tours University Hospital and EA4245, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Marc Hazzan
- Nephrology Department, Lille University Hospital, University of Lille, UMR 995, Lille, France
| | - Eric Thervet
- Department of Nephrology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris and INSERM UMRS970, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Morgane Heitz
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Annecy Genevois Hospital, Pringy, France
| | - Laurent Juillard
- Department of Nephrology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Carmen INSERM 1060 and Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Audard
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Reference Center-Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome, Henri-Mondor Hospital/Albert-Chenevier, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Créteil, INSERMU955, Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Marion Rabant
- Pathology Department, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP). Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Hertig
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Foch Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Jean-François Subra
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, University Hospital, Angers and Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), INSERM, Nantes University, Angers University, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Vuiblet
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Dominique Guerrot
- Department of Nephrology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen and INSERM, U1096 Rouen, France
| | - Mathilde Tamain
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Vichy Hospital, Vichy, France
| | - Marie Essig
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, Ambroise-Paré Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris-Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Thierry Lobbedez
- Department of Nephrology, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France and the French Registry of Peritoneal Dialysis, Langue Française, Pontoise, France
| | - Thomas Quemeneur
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Valenciennes General Hospital, Valenciennes, France
| | - Mathieu Legendre
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | | | - Marie-Noëlle Peraldi
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François Vrtovsnik
- Nephrology Department, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. Faculty of Medicine, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maïté Daroux
- Department of Nephrology, Duchenne Hospital, Boulogne-Sur-Mer, France
| | - Raïfah Makdassi
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Gabriel Choukroun
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- Mécanismes Physiopathologiques et Conséquences des Calcifications Cardiovasculaires (MP3CV) laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Santé (CURS), Amiens, France
| | - Dimitri Titeca-Beauport
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- Mécanismes Physiopathologiques et Conséquences des Calcifications Cardiovasculaires (MP3CV) laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Santé (CURS), Amiens, France
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Zhang B, Qiao J, Li Q, Luan G, Qin J. Astrocyte-derived complement C3 is activated in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex and mediates immune injury: an integrated bioinformatics analysis. Transl Pediatr 2023; 12:1098-1109. [PMID: 37427054 PMCID: PMC10326767 DOI: 10.21037/tp-22-514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder associated with multiple neurological manifestations. Cortical tubers (CT) are recognized as the hallmark brain lesions of TSC and contribute to neurological and psychiatric symptoms. To understand the molecular mechanism of neuropsychiatric features of TSC, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CT from patients with TSC and those in normal cortex (NC) from participants acting as healthy controls were investigated. Methods The dataset of GSE16969, which had already been published and described (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1750-3639.2009.00341.x), was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), including samples of 4 CT and 4 NC. The R package "limma" was used to screen DEGs in CT and NC. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment analyses of the DEGs were conducted using the R package "clusterProfiler". The online software Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to explore activation/inaction of canonical pathways. The hub gene was selected based on the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database and Cytoscape software. Subsequently, the hub genes at messenger (mRNA) and transcriptional levels were tested. We also explored immune cell-type enrichment using the online database xCell, and assessed the correlation between cell types and C3 expression. Then, we verified the source of C3 by constructing TSC2 knockout cells in the U87 astrocyte cell line. The human neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y was used to examine the effects of excessive complement C3 levels. Results A total of 455 DEGs were identified. A large number of pathways were involved in the immune response process based on the results of GO, KEGG, and IPA. C3 was identified as a hub gene. Complement C3 was also upregulated in the human CT and peripheral blood. Furthermore, based on the enrichment of functions and signaling pathways, complement C3 played a critical role in immune injury in CT of TSC. In the in vitro experiments, we found that excessive complement C3 was derived from TSC2 knockout U87 cells, and there was an increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in SH-SY5Y cells. Conclusions Complement C3 is activated in patients with TSC and can mediate immune injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinrui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guoming Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiong Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
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Jeong GU, Lee S, Kim DY, Lyu J, Yoon GY, Kim KD, Ku KB, Ko J, Kwon YC. Zika Virus Infection Induces Interleukin-1β-Mediated Inflammatory Responses by Macrophages in the Brain of an Adult Mouse Model. J Virol 2023; 97:e0055623. [PMID: 37191498 PMCID: PMC10308908 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00556-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
During the 2015-2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic, ZIKV-associated neurological diseases were reported in adults, including microcephaly, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myelitis, meningoencephalitis, and fatal encephalitis. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuropathogenesis of ZIKV infection are not yet fully understood. In this study, we used an adult ZIKV infection mouse model (Ifnar1-/-) to investigate the mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation and neuropathogenesis. ZIKV infection induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, in the brains of Ifnar1-/- mice. RNA-seq analysis of the infected mouse brain also revealed that genes involved in innate immune responses and cytokine-mediated signaling pathways were significantly upregulated at 6 days postinfection. Furthermore, ZIKV infection induced macrophage infiltration and activation and augmented IL-1β expression, whereas microgliosis was not observed in the brain. Using human monocyte THP-1 cells, we confirmed that ZIKV infection promotes inflammatory cell death and increases IL-1β secretion. In addition, expression of the complement component C3, which is associated with neurodegenerative diseases and known to be upregulated by proinflammatory cytokines, was induced by ZIKV infection through the IL-1β-mediated pathway. An increase in C5a produced by complement activation in the brains of ZIKV-infected mice was also verified. Taken together, our results suggest that ZIKV infection in the brain of this animal model augments IL-1β expression in infiltrating macrophages and elicits IL-1β-mediated inflammation, which can lead to the destructive consequences of neuroinflammation. IMPORTANCE Zika virus (ZIKV) associated neurological impairments are an important global health problem. Our results suggest that ZIKV infection in the mouse brain can induce IL-1β-mediated inflammation and complement activation, thereby contributing to the development of neurological disorders. Thus, our findings reveal a mechanism by which ZIKV induces neuroinflammation in the mouse brain. Although we used adult type I interferon receptor IFNAR knockout (Ifnar1-/-) mice owing to the limited mouse models of ZIKV pathogenesis, our conclusions contributed to the understanding ZIKV-associated neurological diseases to develop treatment strategies for patients with ZIKV infection based on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Uk Jeong
- Department of Convergent Research for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sumin Lee
- Department of Convergent Research for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yeon Kim
- Department of Convergent Research for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Medical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemyun Lyu
- Arontier Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Young Yoon
- Department of Convergent Research for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Do Kim
- Department of Convergent Research for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Bon Ku
- Department of Convergent Research for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsu Ko
- Arontier Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chan Kwon
- Department of Convergent Research for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Medical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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21
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Liu X, Jones WD, Quesnel-Vallières M, Devadiga SA, Lorent K, Valvezan AJ, Myers RL, Li N, Lengner CJ, Barash Y, Pack M, Klein PS. The Tumor Suppressor Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (apc) Is Required for Neural Crest-Dependent Craniofacial Development in Zebrafish. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:29. [PMID: 37489330 PMCID: PMC10366761 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural crest (NC) is a unique vertebrate cell type arising from the border of the neural plate and epidermis that gives rise to diverse tissues along the entire body axis. Roberto Mayor and colleagues have made major contributions to our understanding of NC induction, delamination, and migration. We report that a truncating mutation of the classical tumor suppressor Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (apc) disrupts craniofacial development in zebrafish larvae, with a marked reduction in the cranial neural crest (CNC) cells that contribute to mandibular and hyoid pharyngeal arches. While the mechanism is not yet clear, the altered expression of signaling molecules that guide CNC migration could underlie this phenotype. For example, apcmcr/mcr larvae express substantially higher levels of complement c3, which Mayor and colleagues showed impairs CNC cell migration when overexpressed. However, we also observe reduction in stroma-derived factor 1 (sdf1/cxcl12), which is required for CNC migration into the head. Consistent with our previous work showing that APC directly enhances the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) and, independently, that GSK-3 phosphorylates multiple core mRNA splicing factors, we identify 340 mRNA splicing variations in apc mutant zebrafish, including a splice variant that deletes a conserved domain in semaphorin 3f (sema3f), an axonal guidance molecule and a known regulator of CNC migration. Here, we discuss potential roles for apc in CNC development in the context of some of the seminal findings of Mayor and colleagues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Medicine (Hematology-Oncology), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - William D. Jones
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mathieu Quesnel-Vallières
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sudhish A. Devadiga
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kristin Lorent
- Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alexander J. Valvezan
- Department of Medicine (Hematology-Oncology), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Myers
- Department of Medicine (Hematology-Oncology), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher J. Lengner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yoseph Barash
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Pack
- Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Peter S. Klein
- Department of Medicine (Hematology-Oncology), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Wagner N, Shayakhmetov DM, Stewart PL. Structural Model for Factor X Inhibition of IgM and Complement-Mediated Neutralization of Adenovirus. Viruses 2023; 15:1343. [PMID: 37376642 PMCID: PMC10305487 DOI: 10.3390/v15061343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus has strong therapeutic potential as an oncolytic virus and gene therapy vector. However, injecting human species C serotype 5 adenovirus, HAdv-C5, into the bloodstream leads to numerous interactions with plasma proteins that affect viral tropism and biodistribution, and can lead to potent immune responses and viral neutralization. The HAdv/factor X (FX) interaction facilitates highly efficient liver transduction and protects virus particles from complement-mediated neutralization after intravenous delivery. Ablating the FX interaction site on the HAdv-C5 capsid leaves the virus susceptible to neutralization by natural IgM followed by activation of the complement cascade and covalent binding of complement components C4b and C3b to the viral capsid. Here we present structural models for IgM and complement components C1, C4b, and C3b in complex with HAdv-C5. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that when C3b binds near the vertex, multiple stabilizing interactions can be formed between C3b, penton base, and fiber. These interactions may stabilize the vertex region of the capsid and prevent release of the virally encoded membrane lytic factor, protein VI, which is packaged inside of the viral capsid, thus effectively neutralizing the virus. In a situation where FX and IgM are competing for binding to the capsid, IgM may not be able to form a bent conformation in which most of its Fab arms interact with the capsid. Our structural modeling of the competitive interaction of FX and IgM with HAdv-C5 allows us to propose a mechanistic model for FX inhibition of IgM-mediated virus neutralization. According to this model, although IgM may bind to the capsid, in the presence of FX it will likely retain a planar conformation and thus be unable to promote activation of the complement cascade at the virus surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Wagner
- Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Dmitry M. Shayakhmetov
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Discovery and Developmental Therapeutics Program, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Phoebe L. Stewart
- Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
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Guo WY, Sun LJ, Dong HR, Wang GQ, Xu XY, Cheng WR, Zhao ZR, Ye N, Liu Y, Cheng H. Characterization of patients with IgA nephropathy with and without associated minimal change disease. Front Nephrol 2023; 3:1105933. [PMID: 37675352 PMCID: PMC10479556 DOI: 10.3389/fneph.2023.1105933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) presents various clinical manifestations and pathological phenotypes. Approximately 5% of patients with IgAN present with early onset nephrotic syndrome, mild mesangial lesions, and diffuse foot process effacement of podocytes, which resemble minimal change disease (MCD). These patients are defined as MCD-IgAN. Whether MCD-IgAN is a special type of IgAN or simply MCD accompanied by IgA deposition remains controversial. Methods A total of 51 patients diagnosed with MCD-IgAN at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2010 to September 2022 were recruited. The clinical and pathological characteristics of IgA-MCD were analyzed. Patients with IgAN but without MCD (non-MCD-IgAN) and healthy participants were enrolled as controls. Galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 (Gd-IgA1) and complement C3 were detected both in the circulation and in renal tissues. Results We found that the levels of serum Gd-IgA1 were lower in participants with MCD-IgAN than in those with non-MCD-IgAN, but higher than in healthy participants. Gd-IgA1 was rarely deposited in the glomeruli of participants with MCD-IgAN, with a positive rate of only 13.7% (7/51); in contrast, the positive rate in participants with non-MCD-IgAN was 82.4% (42/51). Among renal Gd-IgA1-positive patients, Gd-IgA1 and immunoglobulin A (IgA) colocalized along the glomerular mesangial and capillary areas. Interestingly, we found that the circulating levels of complement C3 were significantly higher in participants with MCD-IgAN than in participants with non-MCD-IgAN. In addition, the intensity of C3c in glomeruli in participants with MCD-IgAN was significantly weaker than in participants with non-MCD-IgAN. Conclusions Our study suggests that, in MCD-IgAN, most of the IgA that is deposited on glomeruli is not the same pathogenic Gd-IgA1 as found in general IgAN. Complement activation both in the circulation and in the renal locality was much weaker in MCD-IgAN than in non-MCD-IgAN. Our study suggests that IgAN with MCD might be MCD with coincidental IgA deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-yi Guo
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-jun Sun
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-rui Dong
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-qin Wang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-yi Xu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-rong Cheng
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-rui Zhao
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Ye
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Jiang J, Wang H, Liu K, He S, Li Z, Yuan Y, Yu K, Long P, Wang J, Diao T, Zhang X, He M, Guo H, Wu T. Association of Complement C3 With Incident Type 2 Diabetes and the Mediating Role of BMI: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:736-744. [PMID: 36205019 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Impairment of immune and inflammatory homeostasis is reported to be one of the causal factors of diabetes. However, the association of complement C3 levels with incident diabetes in humans remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between C3 levels and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and further explore the potential mediating role of body mass index (BMI) in C3-T2DM associations. METHODS We determined serum C3 levels of 2662 nondiabetic middle-aged and elderly (64.62 ± 7.25 years) individuals from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort at baseline. Cox regression was employed to examine the incidence of T2DM in relationship to C3 levels during 10 years of follow-up. Mediation analysis was further applied to assess potential effect of BMI on the C3-T2DM associations. RESULTS Overall, 711 (26.7%) participants developed T2DM during 23 067 person-years of follow-up. Higher serum C3 was significantly associated with higher risk of incident T2DM after full adjustment (HR [95% CI] = 1.16 [1.05, 1.27]; per SD higher). Compared with the first quartile of C3 levels, the HR in the fourth quartile was 1.52 (95% CI = [1.14, 2.02]; Ptrend = 0.029). Robust significant linear dose-response relationship was observed between C3 levels and BMI (Poverall < 0.001, Pnonlinear = 0.96). Mediation analyses indicated that BMI might mediate 41.0% of the associations between C3 and T2DM. CONCLUSION The present prospective study revealed that C3 could be an early biomarker for incident T2DM, and that BMI might play a potential mediating role in the C3-T2DM associations, which provided clues for the pathogenesis of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Shiqi He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kuai Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Pinpin Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tingyue Diao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Lenhart-Pendergrass PM, Malcolm KC, Wheeler E, Rysavy NM, Poch K, Caceres S, Calhoun KM, Martiniano SL, Nick JA. Deficient Complement Opsonization Impairs Mycobacterium avium Killing by Neutrophils in Cystic Fibrosis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0327922. [PMID: 36651756 PMCID: PMC9927418 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03279-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including Mycobacterium avium, are clinically important pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF). The innate immune response to M. avium remains incompletely understood. We evaluated the role of complement opsonization in neutrophil-mediated killing of M. avium. Killing assays were performed using neutrophils from healthy donors (HDs) and persons with CF (pwCF). Clinical isolates of M. avium were opsonized with plasma from HDs or pwCF, which was intact or heat-treated to inactivate complement. HD neutrophils had killing activity against M. avium opsonized with intact HD plasma and killing was significantly reduced when M. avium was opsonized with heat-inactivated HD plasma. When opsonized with HD plasma, CF neutrophils had killing activity against M. avium that was not different than HD neutrophils. When opsonized with intact plasma from pwCF, HD neutrophil killing of M. avium was significantly reduced. Opsonization of M. avium with C3-depleted serum or IgM-depleted plasma resulted in significantly reduced killing. Plasma C3 levels were elevated in pwCF with NTM infection compared to pwCF without NTM infection. These studies demonstrate that human neutrophils efficiently kill M. avium when opsonized in the presence of plasma factors from HD that include C3 and IgM. Killing efficiency is significantly lower when the bacteria are opsonized with plasma from pwCF. This indicates a novel role for opsonization in neutrophil killing of M. avium and a deficiency in complement opsonization as a mechanism of impaired M. avium killing in CF. IMPORTANCE Mycobacterium avium is a member of a group of bacterial species termed nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that cause lung disease in certain populations, including persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). NTM infections are challenging to diagnose and can be even more difficult to treat. This study investigated how the immune system responds to M. avium infection in CF. We found that neutrophils, the most abundant immune cell in the lungs in CF, can effectively kill M. avium in individuals both with and without CF. Another component of the immune response called the complement system is also required for this process. Levels of complement proteins are altered in persons with CF who have a history of NTM compared to those without a history of NTM infection. These results add to our understanding of how the immune system responds to M. avium, which can help pave the way toward better diagnostic and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth C. Malcolm
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily Wheeler
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Noel M. Rysavy
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Katie Poch
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Silvia Caceres
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kara M. Calhoun
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stacey L. Martiniano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jerry A. Nick
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
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Abstract
C3 is the central effector molecule of the complement system, mediating its multiple functions through different binding sites and their corresponding receptors. We will introduce the C3 forms (native C3, C3 [H2 O], and intracellular C3), the C3 fragments C3a, C3b, iC3b, and C3dg/C3d, and the C3 expression sites. To highlight the important role that C3 plays in human biological processes, we will give an overview of the diseases linked to C3 deficiency and to uncontrolled C3 activation. Next, we will present a structural description of C3 activation and of the C3 fragments generated by complement regulation. We will proceed by describing the C3a interaction with the anaphylatoxin receptor, followed by the interactions of opsonins (C3b, iC3b, and C3dg/C3d) with complement receptors, divided into two groups: receptors bearing complement regulatory functions and the effector receptors without complement regulatory activity. We outline the molecular architecture of the receptors, their binding sites on the C3 activation fragments, the cells expressing them, the diversity of their functions, and recent advances. With this review, we aim to give an up-to-date analysis of the processes triggered by C3 activation fragments on different cell types in health and disease contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Zarantonello
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Margot Revel
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anne Grunenwald
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lubka T Roumenina
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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27
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Pei Y, Zhang J, Qu J, Rao Y, Li D, Gai X, Chen Y, Liang Y, Sun Y. Complement component 3 protects human bronchial epithelial cells from cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress and prevents incessant apoptosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1035930. [PMID: 36605203 PMCID: PMC9807617 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement component 3 (C3) is a pivotal element of the complement system and plays an important role in innate immunity. A previous study showed that intracellular C3 was upregulated in airway epithelial cells (AECs) from individuals with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Accumulating evidence has shown that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in AECs. Therefore, we investigated whether C3 modulated cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in AECs and participated in the pathogenesis of COPD. We found increased C3 expression, together with increased oxidative stress and apoptosis, in a cigarette smoke-induced mouse model of COPD and in AECs from patients with COPD. Different concentrations of CSEinduced C3 expression in 16HBE cells in vitro. Interestingly, C3 knockdown (KD) exacerbated oxidative stress and apoptosis in 16HBE cells exposed to CSE. Furthermore, C3 exerted its pro-survival effects through JNK inhibition, while exogenous C3 partially rescued CSE-induced cell death and oxidative stress in C3 KD cells. These data indicate that locally produced C3 is an important pro-survival molecule in AECs under cigarette smoke exposure, revealing a potentially novel mechanism in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Zhang
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhang, ; Yongchang Sun,
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Fan B, Peng Q, Song S, Shi D, Zhang X, Guo W, Li Y, Zhou J, Zhu X, Zhao Y, Guo R, He K, Fan H, Ding S, Li B. Nonstructural Protein 1 of Variant PEDV Plays a Key Role in Escaping Replication Restriction by Complement C3. J Virol 2022; 96:e0102422. [PMID: 36037478 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01024-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic coronaviruses represent an ongoing threat to public health. The classical porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) first appeared in the early 1970s. Since 2010, outbreaks of highly virulent PEDV variants have caused great economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. However, the strategies by which PEDV variants escape host immune responses are not fully understood. Complement component 3 (C3) is considered a central component of the three complement activation pathways and plays a crucial role in preventing viral infection. In this study, we found that C3 significantly inhibited PEDV replication in vitro, and both variant and classical PEDV strains induced high levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in Huh7 cells. However, the PEDV variant strain reduces C3 transcript and protein levels induced by IL-1β compared with the PEDV classical strain. Examination of key molecules of the C3 transcriptional signaling pathway revealed that variant PEDV reduced C3 by inhibiting CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP-β) phosphorylation. Mechanistically, PEDV nonstructural protein 1 (NSP1) inhibited C/EBP-β phosphorylation via amino acid residue 50. Finally, we constructed recombinant PEDVs to verify the critical role of amino acid 50 of NSP1 in the regulation of C3 expression. In summary, we identified a novel antiviral role of C3 in inhibiting PEDV replication and the viral immune evasion strategies of PEDV variants. Our study reveals new information on PEDV-host interactions and furthers our understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of this virus. IMPORTANCE The complement system acts as a vital link between the innate and the adaptive immunity and has the ability to recognize and neutralize various pathogens. Activation of the complement system acts as a double-edged sword, as appropriate levels of activation protect against pathogenic infections, but excessive responses can provoke a dramatic inflammatory response and cause tissue damage, leading to pathological processes, which often appear in COVID-19 patients. However, how PEDV, as the most severe coronavirus causing diarrhea in piglets, regulates the complement system has not been previously reported. In this study, for the first time, we identified a novel mechanism of a PEDV variant in the suppression of C3 expression, showing that different coronaviruses and even different subtype strains differ in regulation of C3 expression. In addition, this study provides a deeper understanding of the mechanism of the PEDV variant in immune escape and enhanced virulence.
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Feng Y, Li Z, Xie C, Lu F. Correlation between peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and primary systemic lupus erythematosus. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:839-845. [PMID: 36045722 PMCID: PMC9372708 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the correlation between peripheral blood CD3+, CD3+/CD4+, CD3+/CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, CD3-/CD16+ CD56+, and CD3-CD19+ and disease activity of different subtypes of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The percentages of CD3+, CD3+/CD4+, CD3+/CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, CD3-/CD16+ CD56+, and CD3-CD19+ in the peripheral blood of patients (n = 80) classified into lupus nephritis, blood involvement, and joint involvement and SLE in different active stages were detected by flow cytometry. Their correlations with baseline clinical experimental indicators of SLE patients' SLE disease activity index score (SLEDAI) and complement C3 were analyzed. The results showed that CD3+, CD3+/CD4+, and CD3+/CD8+ at baseline level were negatively correlated with SLEDAI scores. These were positively correlated with C3. In conclusion, T-lymphocyte subpopulations are closely related to SLE activity and can be used as reference indicators to evaluate the SLE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Rheumatology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huai Nan, China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Rheumatology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bangbu, China
| | - Changhao Xie
- Rheumatology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bangbu, China
| | - Fanglin Lu
- Rheumatology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huai Nan, China
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Zhang MM, Huo GM, Cheng J, Zhang QP, Li NZ, Guo MX, Liu Q, Xu GH, Zhu JX, Li CF, Zhou F, Yi LT. Gypenoside XVII, an Active Ingredient from Gynostemma Pentaphyllum, Inhibits C3aR-Associated Synaptic Pruning in Stressed Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122418. [PMID: 35745148 PMCID: PMC9228113 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum is a herbal medicine widely used in Asian countries, and its saponin extracts have been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory effects. Gypenoside XVII, an active ingredient isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, has been found to alleviate the inflammation induced by LPS in the BV2 microglia, according to our preliminary study. This study aims to evaluate whether Gypenoside XVII could attenuate depression-like symptoms in vivo and tries to demonstrate the involvement of the complement regulation in its antidepressant-like effect. The results showed that Gypenoside XVII significantly attenuated depression-like behaviors in the forced swimming test, tail suspension test and sucrose preference test. It also alleviated the acute stress-induced hyperactivity of serum corticosterone levels. Additionally, Gypenoside XVII significantly inhibited the activation of microglia and the expression of C3 in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Meanwhile, the activation of C3aR/STAT3 signaling and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines was reversed by Gypenoside XVII. Moreover, CUMS induced excessive synaptic pruning by activating microglia, while Gypenoside XVII restored it in the prefrontal cortex. Our data demonstrated that Gypenoside XVII, the active ingredient of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, produced the antidepressant-like effects in mice, which was mediated by the inhibition of complement C3/C3aR/STAT3/cytokine signaling in the prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Man Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.-M.Z.); (J.C.); (Q.L.)
| | - Guo-Ming Huo
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China;
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.-M.Z.); (J.C.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qiu-Ping Zhang
- Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen 361009, China; (Q.-P.Z.); (C.-F.L.)
| | - Na-Zhi Li
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (N.-Z.L.); (M.-X.G.); (J.-X.Z.)
| | - Min-Xia Guo
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (N.-Z.L.); (M.-X.G.); (J.-X.Z.)
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.-M.Z.); (J.C.); (Q.L.)
| | - Guang-Hui Xu
- Xiamen Medicine Research Institute, Xiamen 361008, China;
| | - Ji-Xiao Zhu
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (N.-Z.L.); (M.-X.G.); (J.-X.Z.)
| | - Cheng-Fu Li
- Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen 361009, China; (Q.-P.Z.); (C.-F.L.)
| | - Feng Zhou
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China;
- Correspondence: (F.Z.); (L.-T.Y.)
| | - Li-Tao Yi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.-M.Z.); (J.C.); (Q.L.)
- Correspondence: (F.Z.); (L.-T.Y.)
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Fujita Y, Fukui S, Umeda M, Tsuji S, Iwamoto N, Nakashima Y, Horai Y, Suzuki T, Okada A, Aramaki T, Ueki Y, Mizokami A, Origuchi T, Watanabe H, Migita K, Kawakami A. Clinical Characteristics of Patients With IgG4-Related Disease Complicated by Hypocomplementemia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:828122. [PMID: 35296071 PMCID: PMC8920547 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.828122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A proportion of patients with immunogloblin G (IgG) 4-related disease (IgG4-RD) have hypocomplementemia. We aimed to identify characteristics of such patients. Methods We analyzed the demographic and clinical data and complement levels of 85 patients with IgG4-RD. We defined hypocomplementemia as serum C3 and/or C4 levels below the lower limit of normal at diagnosis. We also compared the characteristics of patients with and without IgG4-RD. Results Thirty-two (38%) patients had hypocomplementemia at diagnosis. Patients with hypocomplementemia had more lymph node (p < 0.01), lung (p < 0.01), and kidney (p = 0.02) involvement and a higher IgG4-RD responder index than those without (p = 0.05). Additionally, patients with hypocomplementemia had significantly higher IgG (p < 0.01), IgG4 (p < 0.01), and soluble interleukin 2-receptor (sIL-2R) (p < 0.01) levels and total IgG minus IgG4 (p < 0.01). C3 and C4 levels negatively correlated with IgG, IgG4, and sIL-2R levels, total IgG minus IgG4, and number of IgG4-RD responder index: a measure of the disease activity in IgG4-RD. Patients with hypocomplementemia at diagnosis had a significantly higher frequency of relapse (p = 0.024), as determined using the log-rank test. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the presence of hypocomplementemia was independently associated with relapse (OR, 6.842; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], 1.684–27.79; p = 0.007). Conclusions Patients with IgG4-RD with hypocomplementemia have a more active clinical phenotype, suggesting contributions of the complement system in the pathophysiology of IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Fujita
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shoichi Fukui
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masataka Umeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Sosuke Tsuji
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Iwamoto
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Nakashima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sasebo City General Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Horai
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization (NHO) Nagasaki Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahisa Suzuki
- Department of Rheumatology, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akitomo Okada
- Department of Rheumatology, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Yukitaka Ueki
- Rheumatic Disease Center, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akinari Mizokami
- Department of Rheumatology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoki Origuchi
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Migita
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Wang C, Wang Z, Zhang W. The potential role of complement alternative pathway activation in hypertensive renal damage. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:797-804. [PMID: 35473318 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221091986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive renal damage is a common secondary kidney disease caused by poor control of blood pressure. Recent evidence has revealed abnormal activation of the complement alternative pathway (AP) in hypertensive patients and animal models and that this phenomenon is related to hypertensive renal damage. Conditions in the setting of hypertension, including high renin concentration, reduced binding of factor H to the glomerular basement membrane, and abnormal local synthesis of complement proteins, potentially promote the AP activation in the kidney. The products of the AP activation promote the phenotypic transition of mesangial cells and tubular cells, attack endothelial cells and recruit immunocytes to worsen hypertensive renal damage. The effects of complement inhibition on hypertensive renal damage are contradictory. Although clinical data support the use of C5 monoclonal antibody in malignant hypertension, pharmacological inhibition in hypertensive animals provides little benefit to kidney function. Therefore, the role of the complement AP in the pathogenesis of hypertensive renal damage and the value of complement inhibition in hypertensive renal damage treatment must be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjian Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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O'Brien ME, Murray G, Gogoi D, Yusuf A, McCarthy C, Wormald MR, Casey M, Gabillard-Lefort C, McElvaney NG, Reeves EP. A Review of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Binding Partners for Immune Regulation and Potential Therapeutic Application. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2441. [PMID: 35269582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is the canonical serine protease inhibitor of neutrophil-derived proteases and can modulate innate immune mechanisms through its anti-inflammatory activities mediated by a broad spectrum of protein, cytokine, and cell surface interactions. AAT contains a reactive methionine residue that is critical for its protease-specific binding capacity, whereby AAT entraps the protease on cleavage of its reactive centre loop, neutralises its activity by key changes in its tertiary structure, and permits removal of the AAT-protease complex from the circulation. Recently, however, the immunomodulatory role of AAT has come increasingly to the fore with several prominent studies focused on lipid or protein-protein interactions that are predominantly mediated through electrostatic, glycan, or hydrophobic potential binding sites. The aim of this review was to investigate the spectrum of AAT molecular interactions, with newer studies supporting a potential therapeutic paradigm for AAT augmentation therapy in disorders in which a chronic immune response is strongly linked.
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Keramat S, Karahan O, Patel M, Fazeli B. Acute phase reactant proteins in Buerger's disease: Is it a systemic disease? Vascular 2022; 31:473-476. [PMID: 35050803 DOI: 10.1177/17085381211069715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was evaluating acute phase reactant (APR) proteins including high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), fibrinogen, complement C3, hepcidin, and albumin in patients suffering from Buerger's disease (BD) compared to controls.Methods: The APRs were evaluated in 92 cases of BD patients and 90 healthy age and sex matched controls of blood from Iran and Turkey. The diagnosis was done according to Shionoya's criteria. However, patients with age less than 40 were included, instead of those less than 50. The diagnosis was confirmed by angiography or CT angiography. The patients were categorized into active and quiescent phases of the disease according to clinical manifestation. Patients with rest pain, non-healing ulcer, and gangrene were categorized in the active phase of the disease and the patients with unchanged claudication for more than 6 months without trophic lesions or gangrene were categorized in the quiescent phase of the disease.Results: The serum level of PTX3, hsCRP, fibrinogen, C3, and hepcidin in BD was significantly higher than controls (p < 0.004). Also, albumin in the BD group was significantly lower than controls (p < 0.001). In patients that categorized in the active phase, fibrinogen, C3, and hsCRP were significantly higher and albumin was significantly lower compared to patients in the quiescent phase. No significant difference was found between the level of PTX3 and hepcidin in the patients in active and quiescent phases of the disease.Conclusion: The pattern of the level of APRs in BD seems more likely systemic inflammatory disorder than atherosclerosis obliterans. More clinical trials for evaluating the efficacy of anti-inflammatory medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, and corticosteroids as a part of management of BD are required. Also, according to low level of albumin in TAO, a protein rich diet might be beneficial for BD patients in the active phase of their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Keramat
- Hematology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Oguz Karahan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical School of Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya/Antalya, Turkey
| | - Malay Patel
- Vascular-Endovascular Surgeon, Apollo-CVHF Hospital, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Bahare Fazeli
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Angiology, L.Sacco Hospital, Vascular Independent Research and Education, European Organization, Milan, Italy
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Zhou M, Yuan F. Hypocomplementemia in Primary Sjogren's Syndrome: A Retrospective Study of 120 Treatment-Naive Chinese Patients. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:359-366. [PMID: 35035231 PMCID: PMC8754462 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s346188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the prevalence of hypocomplementemia in primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) patients and compare the clinical characteristics of patients with and without hypocomplementemia. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 120 treatment-naive Chinese patients that met the 2012 American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for pSS and were followed up for 3 to 24 months. Based on the complement results, patients were divided into four groups: only low C3, only low C4, both low C3 and C4 (double low), normal group. The data on patient demographics, clinical manifestations, laboratory results, disease activity and pharmacologic therapy were collected and compared among the four groups. Results The prevalence of only low C3, only low C4, both low C3 and C4 in pSS patients was 21.7%, 16.7%, and 10%, respectively. The mean age of the four groups was significantly different. Unlike rampant caries and parotitis, the prevalence of dry eyes and dry mouth differed among the four groups. The proportion of patients with anemia, leukocytopenia, lymphadenopathy, hematological involvement and fatigue was significantly higher in the double low group and lower in the normal complement group. The proportion of patients with increased serum IgG was higher in the only low C4 group than in the other groups. Logistic regression revealed that hypocomplementemia was an independent risk factor for lymphadenopathy and leukopenia. The double low group had a significant history of exposure to glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide, compared with other groups. Conclusion Our study found that the clinical characteristics of pSS patients with hypocomplementemia differed from those without hypocomplementemia. Hypocomplementemia in pSS was associated with hematological involvement, hyper-IgG, lymphadenopathy, and fatigue, contributing to more significant exposure to glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiju Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Riedel T, de Los Santos Pereira A, Táborská J, Riedelová Z, Pop-Georgievski O, Májek P, Pečánková K, Rodriguez-Emmenegger C. Complement Activation Dramatically Accelerates Blood Plasma Fouling On Antifouling Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Brush Surfaces. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100460. [PMID: 34959255 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-specific protein adsorption (fouling) triggers a number of deleterious events in the application of biomaterials. Antifouling polymer brushes successfully suppress fouling, however for some coatings an extremely high variability of fouling for different donors remains unexplained. The authors report that in the case of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly(HEMA)) this variability is due to the complement system activation that causes massive acceleration in the fouling kinetics of blood plasma. Using plasma from various donors, the fouling kinetics on poly(HEMA) is analyzed and correlated with proteins identified in the deposits on the surface and with the biochemical compositions of the plasma. The presence of complement components in fouling deposits and concentrations of C3a in different plasmas indicate that the alternative complement pathway plays a significant role in the fouling on poly(HEMA) through the "tick-over" mechanism of spontaneous C3 activation. The generated C3b binds to the poly(HEMA) surface and amplifies complement activation locally. Heat-inactivated plasma prevents accelerated fouling kinetics, confirming the central role of complement activation. The results highlight the need to take into account the variability between individuals when assessing interactions between biomaterials and blood plasma, as well as the importance of the mechanistic insight that can be gained from protein identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Riedel
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Andres de Los Santos Pereira
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Johanka Táborská
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Riedelová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Ognen Pop-Georgievski
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Májek
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, Prague, 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Pečánková
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, Prague, 128 00, Czech Republic
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Hsu PC, Chao TK, Chou YC, Yu MH, Wang YC, Lin YH, Lee YL, Liu LC, Chang CC. AIM2 Inflammasome in Tumor Cells as a Biomarker for Predicting the Treatment Response to Antiangiogenic Therapy in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194529. [PMID: 34640548 PMCID: PMC8509490 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiangiogenic therapy, such as bevacizumab (BEV), has improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in high-risk patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) according to several clinical trials. Clinically, no reliable molecular biomarker is available to predict the treatment response to antiangiogenic therapy. Immune-related proteins can indirectly contribute to angiogenesis by regulating stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. This study was performed to search biomarkers for prediction of the BEV treatment response in EOC patients. We conducted a hospital-based retrospective study from March 2013 to May 2020. Tissues from 78 Taiwanese patients who were newly diagnosed with EOC and peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma (PSPC) and received BEV therapy were collected. We used immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and analyzed the expression of these putative biomarkers (complement component 3 (C3), complement component 5 (C5), and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2)) based on the staining area and intensity of the color reaction to predict BEV efficacy in EOC patients. The immunostaining scores of AIM2 were significantly higher in the BEV-resistant group (RG) than in the BEV-sensitive group (SG) (355.5 vs. 297.1, p < 0.001). A high level of AIM2 (mean value > 310) conferred worse PFS after treatment with BEV than a low level of AIM2 (13.58 vs. 19.36 months, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 4.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.01–9.80, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in C3 (p = 0.077) or C5 (p = 0.326) regarding BEV efficacy. AIM2 inflammasome expression can be a histopathological biomarker to predict the antiangiogenic therapy benefit in EOC patients. The molecular mechanism requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chao Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (M.-H.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (L.-C.L.)
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Penghu Branch, Magong City 880, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Kuang Chao
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Mu-Hsien Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (M.-H.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (L.-C.L.)
| | - Yu-Chi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (M.-H.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (L.-C.L.)
| | - Yi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (M.-H.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (L.-C.L.)
| | - Yi-Liang Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (M.-H.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (L.-C.L.)
| | - Li-Chun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (M.-H.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (L.-C.L.)
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (M.-H.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-L.L.); (L.-C.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-8792-7205
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Mizerska-Wasiak M, Such-Gruchot A, Cichoń-Kawa K, Turczyn A, Małdyk J, Miklaszewska M, Drożdż D, Firszt-Adamczyk A, Stankiewicz R, Rybi-Szumińska A, Wasilewska A, Szczepańska M, Bieniaś B, Sikora P, Pukajło-Marczyk A, Zwolińska D, Pawlak-Bratkowska M, Tkaczyk M, Zachwieja J, Drożyńska-Duklas M, Żurowska A, Gadomska-Prokop K, Grenda R, Pańczyk-Tomaszewska M. The Role of Complement Component C3 Activation in the Clinical Presentation and Prognosis of IgA Nephropathy-A National Study in Children. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194405. [PMID: 34640422 PMCID: PMC8509710 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the intensity of mesangial C3 deposits in kidney biopsy and the serum C3 level on the clinical course and outcomes of IgAN in children. The study included 148 children from the Polish Pediatric IgAN Registry, diagnosed based on kidney biopsy. Proteinuria, creatinine, IgA, C3 were evaluated twice in the study group, at baseline and the end of follow-up. Kidney biopsy was categorized using the Oxford classification, with a calculation of the MEST-C score. The intensity of IgA and C3 deposits were rated from 0 to +4 in immunofluorescence microscopy. The intensity of mesangial C3 > +1 deposits in kidney biopsy has an effect on renal survival with normal GFR in children with IgAN. A reduced serum C3 level has not been a prognostic factor in children but perhaps this finding should be confirmed in a larger group of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Mizerska-Wasiak
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.-G.); (K.C.-K.); (A.T.); (M.P.-T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Agnieszka Such-Gruchot
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.-G.); (K.C.-K.); (A.T.); (M.P.-T.)
| | - Karolina Cichoń-Kawa
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.-G.); (K.C.-K.); (A.T.); (M.P.-T.)
| | - Agnieszka Turczyn
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.-G.); (K.C.-K.); (A.T.); (M.P.-T.)
| | - Jadwiga Małdyk
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Monika Miklaszewska
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland; (M.M.); (D.D.)
| | - Dorota Drożdż
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland; (M.M.); (D.D.)
| | - Agnieszka Firszt-Adamczyk
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Ludwik Rydygier Hospital, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.F.-A.); (R.S.)
| | - Roman Stankiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Ludwik Rydygier Hospital, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.F.-A.); (R.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Rybi-Szumińska
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.R.-S.); (A.W.)
| | - Anna Wasilewska
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.R.-S.); (A.W.)
| | - Maria Szczepańska
- Department of Pediatrics, SMDZ in Zabrze, Silesian Medical University, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Beata Bieniaś
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (B.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Przemysław Sikora
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (B.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Pukajło-Marczyk
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.P.-M.); (D.Z.)
| | - Danuta Zwolińska
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.P.-M.); (D.Z.)
| | - Monika Pawlak-Bratkowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology and Nephrology, Polish Mothers Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.-B.); (M.T.)
| | - Marcin Tkaczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology and Nephrology, Polish Mothers Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.-B.); (M.T.)
| | - Jacek Zachwieja
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Poznan, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Drożyńska-Duklas
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland; (M.D.-D.); (A.Ż.)
| | - Aleksandra Żurowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland; (M.D.-D.); (A.Ż.)
| | - Katarzyna Gadomska-Prokop
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation and Hypertension, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (K.G.-P.); (R.G.)
| | - Ryszard Grenda
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation and Hypertension, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (K.G.-P.); (R.G.)
| | - Małgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.-G.); (K.C.-K.); (A.T.); (M.P.-T.)
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Xing Y, Xu C, Lin X, Zhao M, Gong D, Liu L, Geng T. Complement C3 participates in the development of goose fatty liver potentially by regulating the expression of FASN and ETNK1. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13527. [PMID: 33615637 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurs in humans, domestic animals and poultry. Different from upregulation of complement C3 in human NAFLD, C3 expression is inhibited in goose fatty liver (GFL), implying a specific role of C3 in GFL. This study was mainly focused on uncovering the uniqueness of goose liver cells in the regulation of C3 expression and identifying the downstream genes of C3 to improve understanding on the specific role of C3 in GFL. The results showed that C3 expression was inhibited in the liver, muscle and fat tissues of the overfed versus control (normally fed) geese. Oleate and insulin could inhibit C3 expression in goose primary hepatocytes but induce it in mouse primary hepatocytes. A total of 1,123 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were affected by C3 overexpression and were mainly enriched in immune response/inflammation and catabolism-related KEGG pathways. Additionally, the representative downstream genes (FASN and ETNK1) of C3 could mediate the role of C3 in the development of GFL. In conclusion, the suppression of C3 in GFL is at least partially attributed to hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia and uniqueness of goose liver cells. Complement C3 does not only affect hepatic steatosis but also affect inflammation/immune response in GFL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Xing
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Minmeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Daoqing Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Long Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Tuoyu Geng
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
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Han J, Zhang X. Complement Component C3: A Novel Biomarker Participating in the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:653293. [PMID: 34395461 PMCID: PMC8358116 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.653293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disorder worldwide. The pathological spectrum of NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that induces progressive liver cirrhosis and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms driving the transformation of NASH are obscure. There is a compelling need for understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of NASH, and thereby providing new insight into mechanism-based therapy. Currently, several studies reported that complement system, an innate immune system, played an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, which was also proved by our recent study. Complement component 3 (C3), a protein of the innate immune system, plays a hub role in the complement system. Herein, we present a review on the role and molecular mechanism of C3 in NASH as well as its implication in NASH diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juqiang Han
- Institute of Liver Disease, The 7th Medical Centre of Chinese People Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Choi YJ, Kim JE, Lee SJ, Gong JE, Son HJ, Hong JT, Hwang DY. Dysbiosis of Fecal Microbiota From Complement 3 Knockout Mice With Constipation Phenotypes Contributes to Development of Defecation Delay. Front Physiol 2021; 12:650789. [PMID: 34349661 PMCID: PMC8326834 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.650789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant phenotypes for constipation were detected in complement 3 (C3) knockout (KO) mice, although no research has been conducted on an association with alteration of gut microbiota. To investigate the effects of dysbiosis on fecal microbiota from C3 KO mice with constipation, the composition of fecal microbiota was characterized in mid-colons of 16-week-old C3 KO mice, and their function for defecation delay development was examined after fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) of C3 KO mice. Some significant alterations in constipation phenotypes, including stool parameters and histopathological structure, were detected in 16-week-old C3 KO mice compared to those of wild-type (WT) mice. Fecal microbiota of C3 KO mice exhibited decreases in Anaerocolumna, Caecibacterium, Christensenella, Kineothrix, and Oscillibacter populations and increases in Prevotellamassilia, Reuthenibacterium, Prevotella, Eubacterium, Culturomica, Bacteroides, and Muribaculum populations. In FMT study, key stool parameters, including weight and water content, were remarkably declined in a transplanted KO (KFMT) group of antibiotics-induced depletion of microbiota (AiDM)-WT and AiDM-KO mice, and a similar change was observed in fecal morphology. However, intestine length decreased in only the KFMT group of AiDM-WT mice compared with that of AiDM-KO mice. The mucosal layer and muscle thickness were commonly decreased in the KFMT group of AiDM-WT and AiDM-KO mice, and significant alterations in the crypt structure of Lieberkuhn and molecular regulators, including AQP8, C-kit, and 5-HT, were observed in the same group. Taken together, results of the present study indicate that dysbiosis of fecal microbiota from C3 KO mice with constipation phenotypes has a key role in the induction and regulation of defecation delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ju Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Gong
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Hong Joo Son
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea.,Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
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Balestracci A, Meni Battaglia L, Martin SM, Toledo I, Puyol I, Beaudoin L, Robledo NL. Hemolytic uremic syndrome due to Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli and hypocomplementemia with favorable response to eculizumab: a case report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 78:188-92. [PMID: 34181840 DOI: 10.31053/1853.0605.v78.n2.29934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Introducción En el síndrome urémico hemolítico producido por Eschericha coli productor de Shiga toxina (STEC-SUH) el compromiso neurológico es la primera causa de mortalidad. En los últimos años se ha demostrado que también contribuye al daño de órgano la activación de la vía alterna del complemento. Este hallazgo dio lugar al reconocimiento del descenso de C3 como marcador de mal pronóstico así como a la evaluación del uso de eculizumab ante compromiso neurológico severo. Objetivo Comunicar un paciente con STEC-SUH e hipocomplementemia con compromiso neurológico tratado con eculizumab. Caso clínico Varón de 17 meses que ingresa por síndrome convulsivo y 24 horas de anuria con antecedente de diarrea con sangre de 48 horas de evolución. Presentaba al ingreso laboratorio compatible con STEC-HUS e hiponatremia severa, con tomografía de cerebro normal. Además presentaba activación del complemento: C3 73 mg/dl (normal > 90 mg/dL) y C5b-9 778,9 ng/ml (normal 135,8-385,3 ng/ml). Se administró solución fisiológica y anticonvulsivantes, se corrigió la natremia y comenzó diálisis peritoneal. Al tercer día, por progresión del compromiso neurológico, se administró eculizumab (300 mg) experimentando una notable recuperación neurológica a las 24 horas junto a aumento de plaquetas y descenso de láctico deshidrogenasa. El paciente fue dado de alta luego de 14 días en buen estado general. Posteriormente se confirmó aislamiento de STEC O157:H7 y normalización de C3.
Conclusión este caso muestra que el descenso de C3 al ingreso se asoció con daño neurológico y sugiere que la administración de eculizumab podría ser una alternativa terapéutica favorable.
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Wei Y, Chen T, Bosco DB, Xie M, Zheng J, Dheer A, Ying Y, Wu Q, Lennon VA, Wu LJ. The complement C3-C3aR pathway mediates microglia-astrocyte interaction following status epilepticus. Glia 2021; 69:1155-1169. [PMID: 33314324 PMCID: PMC7936954 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gliosis is a histopathological characteristic of epilepsy that comprises activated microglia and astrocytes. It is unclear whether or how crosstalk occurs between microglia and astrocytes in the evolution of epilepsy. Here, we report in a mouse model of status epilepticus, induced by intracerebroventricular injection of kainic acid (KA), sequential activation of microglia and astrocytes and their close spatial interaction in the hippocampal CA3 region. Microglial ablation reduced astrocyte activation and their upregulation of complement C3. When compared to wild-type mice, both C3-/- and C3aR-/- mice had significantly less microglia-astrocyte interaction in response to KA-induced status epilepticus. Additionally, KA-injected C3-/- mice had significantly less histochemical evidence of neurodegeneration. The results suggest that the C3-C3aR pathway contributes to KA-induced neurodegeneration by mediating microglia-astrocyte communication. The C3-C3aR pathway may prove to be a potential therapeutic target for epilepsy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Wei
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Tingjun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Dale B. Bosco
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Manling Xie
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Aastha Dheer
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Yanlu Ying
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Vanda A. Lennon
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
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Meng Y, Huang X, Liu J, Chen J, Bu Z, Wu G, Xie W, Jeen F, Huang L, Tian C, Mo X, Tang W. A Novel Nomogram for Individually Predicting of Vascular Invasion in Gastric Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211004924. [PMID: 33929914 PMCID: PMC8111553 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211004924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Vascular invasion (VI) is associated with recurrence and is an indicator of poor prognosis in gastric cancer (GC). Pre-operative identification of VI may guide the selection of the optimal surgical approach and assess the requirement for neoadjuvant therapy. Methods: A total of 271 patients were retrospectively collected and randomly allocated into the training and validation datasets. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used to select potentially relevant features, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the nomogram. Results: The nomogram consisted of pre-operative serum complement C3 levels, duration of symptoms, pre-operative computed tomography stage, abdominal distension and undifferentiated carcinoma. The nomogram provided good calibration for both the training and the validation set, with area under the curve values of 0.792 and 0.774. Decision curve analysis revealed that the nomogram was clinically useful. Conclusion: The present study constructed a nomogram for the pre-operative prediction of VI in patients with GC. The nomogram may aid the identification of high-risk patients and aid the optimization of pre-operative decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Meng
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Huang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jungang Liu
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoting Bu
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Wu
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Weishun Xie
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Franco Jeen
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxu Huang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Tian
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwei Mo
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhong Tang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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Arias de la Rosa I, Font P, Escudero-Contreras A, López-Montilla MD, Pérez-Sánchez C, Ábalos-Aguilera MC, Ladehesa-Pineda L, Ibáñez-Costa A, Torres-Granados C, Jimenez-Gomez Y, Patiño-Trives A, Luque-Tévar M, Castro-Villegas MC, Calvo-Gutiérrez J, Ortega-Castro R, López-Pedrera C, Collantes-Estévez E, Barbarroja N. Complement component 3 as biomarker of disease activity and cardiometabolic risk factor in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2021; 11:2040622320965067. [PMID: 33796240 PMCID: PMC7983248 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320965067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the relationship between complement component 3 (C3) and the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and disease activity in the rheumatic diseases having the highest rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Methods This is a cross-sectional study including 200 RA, 80 PsA, 150 axSpA patients and 100 healthy donors. The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors [obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A (apoB/apoA) and atherogenic risks and hypertension] was analyzed. Serum complement C3 levels, inflammatory markers and disease activity were evaluated. Cluster analysis was performed to identify different phenotypes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to assess the accuracy of complement C3 as biomarker of insulin resistance and disease activity was carried out. Results Levels of complement C3, significantly elevated in RA, axSpA and PsA patients, were associated with the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors. Hard clustering analysis identified two distinctive phenotypes of patients depending on the complement C3 levels and insulin sensitivity state. Patients from cluster 1, characterized by high levels of complement C3 displayed increased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and high disease activity. ROC curve analysis showed that non-obesity related complement C3 levels allowed to identify insulin resistant patients. Conclusions Complement C3 is associated with the concomitant increased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. Thus, complement C3 should be considered a useful marker of insulin resistance and disease activity in these rheumatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Arias de la Rosa
- Medicine Department, University of Cordoba, Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Pilar Font
- Medicine Department, University of Cordoba, Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | | | - Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Lourdes Ladehesa-Pineda
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Ibáñez-Costa
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Torres-Granados
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Yolanda Jimenez-Gomez
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alejandra Patiño-Trives
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - María Luque-Tévar
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Jerusalem Calvo-Gutiérrez
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafaela Ortega-Castro
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Chary López-Pedrera
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Collantes-Estévez
- Rheumatology service, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Nuria Barbarroja
- Medicine Department, University of Cordoba, Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital
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Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoantibody-triggered neuro-inflammatory disease which preferentially attacks the spinal cord and optic nerve. Its defining autoantibody is specific for the water channel protein, aquaporin-4 (AQP4), which primarily is localized at the end-feet of astrocytes. Histopathology studies of early NMO lesions demonstrated prominent activation of microglia, the resident immune sentinels of the central nervous system (CNS). Significant microglial reactivity is also observed in NMO animal models induced by introducing AQP4-IgG into the CNS. Here we review the potential roles for microglial activation in human NMO patients as well as different animal models of NMO. We will focus primarily on the molecular mechanisms underlying microglial function and microglia-astrocyte interaction in NMO pathogenesis. Understanding the role of microglia in NMO pathology may yield novel therapeutic approaches for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Dale B. Bosco
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Yanlu Ying
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Dai-Shi Tian
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Yadav SK, Ito N, Soin D, Ito K, Dhib-Jalbut S. Dimethyl Fumarate Suppresses Demyelination and Axonal Loss through Reduction in Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage-Induced Reactive Astrocytes and Complement C3 Deposition. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040857. [PMID: 33669652 PMCID: PMC7922578 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an oral agent for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). In this study, we investigated the therapeutic mechanism of DMF using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). DMF treatment decreased the proliferation of T cells and the production of IL-17A and GM-CSF. DMF treatment also decreased the development and/or infiltration of macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS), and reduced the ratio of iNOS+ pro-inflammatory macrophage versus Ym1+ immunomodulatory macrophages. Furthermore, DMF treatment suppressed the deposition of complement C3 (C3) and development of reactive C3+ astrocytes. The decrease in iNOS+ macrophages, C3+astrocytes, and C3 deposition in the CNS resulted in the reduction in demyelination and axonal loss. This study suggests that the beneficial effects of DMF involve the suppression of iNOS+ pro-inflammatory macrophages, C3+ astrocytes, and deposition of C3 in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir K. Yadav
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (S.K.Y.); (N.I.); (D.S.)
| | - Naoko Ito
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (S.K.Y.); (N.I.); (D.S.)
| | - Devika Soin
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (S.K.Y.); (N.I.); (D.S.)
- Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Middletown, NY 10940, USA
| | - Kouichi Ito
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (S.K.Y.); (N.I.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: (K.I.); (S.D.-J.); Tel.: +1-732-235-5482 (K.I.); +1-732-235-7335 (S.D.-J.)
| | - Suhayl Dhib-Jalbut
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (S.K.Y.); (N.I.); (D.S.)
- Department of Neurology, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
- Correspondence: (K.I.); (S.D.-J.); Tel.: +1-732-235-5482 (K.I.); +1-732-235-7335 (S.D.-J.)
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Leihof RF, Nielsen KL, Frimodt-Møller N. Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ABU) in Elderly: Prevalence, Virulence, Phylogeny, Antibiotic Resistance and Complement C3 in Urine. Microorganisms 2021; 9:390. [PMID: 33672892 PMCID: PMC7918685 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) increases with age and is most common for persons 80 years of age and above and in elderly living in nursing homes. The distinction between ABU and urinary tract infection (UTI) is often difficult, especially in individuals, who are unable to communicate their symptoms, and there is a lack of objective methods to distinguish between the two entities. This can lead to overuse of antibiotics, which results in the selection and dissemination of antibiotic resistant isolates. Materials and methods: From voided midstream urine samples of 211 participants ≥60 years old from nursing homes, an activity center and a general practitioners clinic, we collected 19 ABU, 16 UTI and 22 control urine samples and compared them with respect to levels of complement component C3 in urine as determined by an ELISA assay relative to creatinine levels in the same urine samples, as measured by a creatinine assay. Further, we studied all Escherichia coli isolates for selected virulence genes by multiplex PCR, and by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for genotypes and phylogenetic clustering. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by microtiter broth dilution. Results: We identified a prevalence of ABU of 18.9% in nursing home residents, whereas ABU was only found in 4% of elderly living in the community (p < 0.001). E. coli from ABU patients were significantly more antibiotic resistant than E. coli from UTIs (p = 0.01). Prevalence of classical virulence genes, detected by multiplex PCR, was similar in E. coli isolates from ABU and UTI patients. Whole-genome sequencing of the E. coli isolates showed no specific clustering of ABU isolates compared to UTI isolates. Three isolates from three different individuals from one of the nursing homes showed signs of transmission. We demonstrated a significantly increased level of C3/creatinine ratio in ABU and UTI samples compared to healthy controls; however, there was no significant difference between the ABU and UTI group with respect to C3 level, or virulence factor genes. Conclusion: ABU was significantly more prevalent in the elderly residing in nursing homes than in the elderly living at home. Antibiotic resistance was more prevalent in E. coli from nursing homes than in UTI isolates, but there was no difference in prevalence of virulence associated genes between the two groups and no phylogenetic clustering, as determined by WGS relative to the two types of E. coli bacteriuria. The similar complement C3 response in ABU and UTI patients may indicate that ABU should be reconsidered as an infection albeit without symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Fleron Leihof
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Karen Leth Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
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Francian A, Widmer A, Olsson T, Ramirez M, Heald D, Rasic K, Adams L, Martinson H, Kullberg M. Delivery of toll-like receptor agonists by complement C3-targeted liposomes activates immune cells and reduces tumour growth. J Drug Target 2021; 29:754-760. [PMID: 33472457 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1878364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) is necessary for immune recognition and elimination of cancer. Our lab has developed a liposome nanoparticle that binds to complement C3 proteins present in serum. These C3-liposomes are specifically internalised by APCs and other myeloid cells, which express complement C3-binding receptors. Known immune stimulating compounds, toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, were encapsulated within the C3-liposomes, including monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), R848, and CpG 1826, specific for TLR4, TLR7/8, and TLR9 respectively. When recognised by their respective TLRs within the myeloid cells, these compounds trigger signal cascades that ultimately lead to increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and activation markers (CD80, CD83, CD86 and CD40). RT-PCR analysis of murine bone marrow cells treated with C3-liposomes revealed a significant increase in gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, IRF7, and IP-10). Furthermore, treatment of 4T1 tumour-bearing mice with C3-liposomes containing TLR agonists resulted in reduced tumour growth, compared to PBS treated mice. Collectively, these results demonstrate that C3-liposome delivery of TLR agonists activates APCs and induces tumour-specific adaptive immune responses, leading to reduced tumour growth in a breast cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Francian
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Ashley Widmer
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Troy Olsson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Marisabel Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Darion Heald
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Keaton Rasic
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Luke Adams
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Holly Martinson
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Max Kullberg
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
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Yang P, Zhu Z, Zang Y, Bu X, Xu T, Zhong C, Wang A, Peng H, Guo D, Zheng X, Xu T, Chen J, Zhang Y, He J. Increased Serum Complement C3 Levels Are Associated With Adverse Clinical Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2021; 52:868-877. [PMID: 33517703 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.031715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Complement C3 has been implicated in inflammation and ischemia/reperfusion injury, but its impact on the prognosis of ischemic stroke remains unclear. Aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the association between serum complement C3 and adverse clinical outcomes after ischemic stroke. METHODS We measured serum complement C3 levels for 3474 patients with ischemic stroke in 26 participating hospitals and collected data of clinical outcomes at 3 months after ischemic stroke. The primary outcome was composite outcome of death and major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3) at 3 months after stroke onset and secondary outcomes included major disability, death, and vascular events. RESULTS During 3 months of follow-up, 866 participants (25.4%) developed primary outcome. After multivariate adjustment, elevated serum complement C3 levels were associated with increased risk of primary outcome (odds ratio, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.02-1.65]; Ptrend=0.038) when 2 extreme tertiles were compared. Each SD increase of log-transformed complement C3 was associated with 13% (95% CI, 2%-25%) increased risk of primary outcome. Multivariable-adjusted spline regression model showed a linear relationship between serum complement C3 and the risk of primary outcome (Plinearity=0.022). Addition of serum complement C3 to conventional risk factors significantly improved the risk prediction of primary outcome (net reclassification index: 8.87%, P=0.028; integrated discrimination index: 0.19%, P=0.029). CONCLUSIONS High serum complement C3 levels at baseline were associated with increased risks of adverse clinical outcomes at 3 months after ischemic stroke, suggesting that serum complement C3 may be a valuable prognostic biomarker for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinni Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
| | - Zhengbao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (Z.Z., D.G., J.C., J.H.)
| | - Yuhan Zang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
| | - Xiaoqing Bu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public health, Chongqing Medical University, China (X.B.)
| | - Tian Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
| | - Chongke Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
| | - Daoxia Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (Z.Z., D.G., J.C., J.H.)
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
| | - Tan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (T.X.)
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (Z.Z., D.G., J.C., J.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (P.Y., Z.Z., Y. Zang, X.B., T.X., C.Z., A.W., H.P., D.G., X.Z., T.X., Y. Zhang, X.Z.)
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