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King RC, Samaan JS, Yeo YH, Peng Y, Kunkel DC, Habib AA, Ghashghaei R. A Multidisciplinary Assessment of ChatGPT's Knowledge of Amyloidosis: Observational Study. JMIR Cardio 2024; 8:e53421. [PMID: 38640472 DOI: 10.2196/53421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloidosis, a rare multisystem condition, often requires complex, multidisciplinary care. Its low prevalence underscores the importance of efforts to ensure the availability of high-quality patient education materials for better outcomes. ChatGPT (OpenAI) is a large language model powered by artificial intelligence that offers a potential avenue for disseminating accurate, reliable, and accessible educational resources for both patients and providers. Its user-friendly interface, engaging conversational responses, and the capability for users to ask follow-up questions make it a promising future tool in delivering accurate and tailored information to patients. OBJECTIVE We performed a multidisciplinary assessment of the accuracy, reproducibility, and readability of ChatGPT in answering questions related to amyloidosis. METHODS In total, 98 amyloidosis questions related to cardiology, gastroenterology, and neurology were curated from medical societies, institutions, and amyloidosis Facebook support groups and inputted into ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4. Cardiology- and gastroenterology-related responses were independently graded by a board-certified cardiologist and gastroenterologist, respectively, who specialize in amyloidosis. These 2 reviewers (RG and DCK) also graded general questions for which disagreements were resolved with discussion. Neurology-related responses were graded by a board-certified neurologist (AAH) who specializes in amyloidosis. Reviewers used the following grading scale: (1) comprehensive, (2) correct but inadequate, (3) some correct and some incorrect, and (4) completely incorrect. Questions were stratified by categories for further analysis. Reproducibility was assessed by inputting each question twice into each model. The readability of ChatGPT-4 responses was also evaluated using the Textstat library in Python (Python Software Foundation) and the Textstat readability package in R software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing). RESULTS ChatGPT-4 (n=98) provided 93 (95%) responses with accurate information, and 82 (84%) were comprehensive. ChatGPT-3.5 (n=83) provided 74 (89%) responses with accurate information, and 66 (79%) were comprehensive. When examined by question category, ChatGTP-4 and ChatGPT-3.5 provided 53 (95%) and 48 (86%) comprehensive responses, respectively, to "general questions" (n=56). When examined by subject, ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-3.5 performed best in response to cardiology questions (n=12) with both models producing 10 (83%) comprehensive responses. For gastroenterology (n=15), ChatGPT-4 received comprehensive grades for 9 (60%) responses, and ChatGPT-3.5 provided 8 (53%) responses. Overall, 96 of 98 (98%) responses for ChatGPT-4 and 73 of 83 (88%) for ChatGPT-3.5 were reproducible. The readability of ChatGPT-4's responses ranged from 10th to beyond graduate US grade levels with an average of 15.5 (SD 1.9). CONCLUSIONS Large language models are a promising tool for accurate and reliable health information for patients living with amyloidosis. However, ChatGPT's responses exceeded the American Medical Association's recommended fifth- to sixth-grade reading level. Future studies focusing on improving response accuracy and readability are warranted. Prior to widespread implementation, the technology's limitations and ethical implications must be further explored to ensure patient safety and equitable implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C King
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Jamil S Samaan
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yee Hui Yeo
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yuxin Peng
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - David C Kunkel
- GI Motility and Physiology Program, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ali A Habib
- Division of Neurology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Roxana Ghashghaei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, United States
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Alshali RZ, Mustafa RM, Bukhary DM, Almuntashiri AA, Alshamrani ZK, Albalushi OM. Assessment of the Satisfaction of Patients Treated by Undergraduate Dental Students at a Saudi Government University: A Cross Sectional Study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2024; 16:13-23. [PMID: 38406593 PMCID: PMC10887936 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s449942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The long-term success of any organization is highly dependent on client satisfaction. This applies to the medical and dental fields, where patient satisfaction is considered an indirect indicator of the quality of service provided. This study aimed to assess the level of satisfaction of patients treated by final-year undergraduate students at King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital (KAUDH). Patients and Methods In this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire was distributed to patients (aged ≥14 years) treated at KAUDH by sixth year students during the academic year 2020/2021. The questionnaire comprised 36 items, including demographic and general data, type of dental problems, type of dental treatment received, and satisfaction assessment based on the Dental Satisfaction Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and independent sample t-tests (α=0.05). Results A total of 203 responses were received (58% response rate). The reliability of the satisfaction tool (Cronbach's alpha) was 0.88, indicating a high reliability. The overall satisfaction level was 80.1% (±14.2). The satisfaction levels related to pain management, quality of care, and access to care were 76.4% (±19.9), 86.2% (±17.1), and 77.5% (±16.5) respectively. The highest satisfaction level (91.5%) was related to the quality item "The student was always treating me with respect". Age, number of visits, length of treatment, case severity, and treatment complexity were not significantly correlated with patient satisfaction (p ≥ 0.116). New patients who had their files directly opened by a sixth-year student and were treated immediately were more satisfied than patients who already had files at KAUDH and were referred to sixth-year students for treatment (p=0.029). Conclusion Patients treated by final-year students at KAUDH showed high satisfaction levels in relation to pain management, treatment quality, and access. However, the satisfaction of existing old patients was lower than that of new patients, which warrants further assessment, particularly regarding the hospital referral system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruwaida Z Alshali
- Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruba M Mustafa
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Dalea M Bukhary
- Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Omar M Albalushi
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Roth R, Rigaud AS, Durig F, Chah-Walikian A, Kermanac'h L, Piccoli M, Hernandorena I. [Prevention of elder abuse during hospitalization: evaluation of health professional's work practices to better understand the risks]. Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil 2023; 21:447-455. [PMID: 38269558 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2023.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Elder abuse and neglect in institutions is frequent, but is still not studied enough. This study aims to better understand the risks of elder abuse, through daily experiences of health professionals. This is a monocentric, qualitative study, with semi-structured interviews of health professionals working in a geriatric hospital. Geriatrics is a specialty at risk of abuse and neglect. There is a real taboo around this issue. The difficulty for its reporting is multifactorial (tolerance, trivialization of abusive behaviors, isolation, and apprehension of caregivers...). The lack of human, material, and educational resources provided by health institutions does not enable professionals, whoever they may be, to care for patients humanely. The guidance and support of caregivers (training, increased team cohesion, and dedicated time for multidisciplinary reflection) are aimed at improving patient care and quality of care. All health professionals are concerned with elder abuse and neglect. It is necessary to break the taboo around mistreatment, to learn to talk about it among colleagues, and to recognize and evaluate oneself in order to change, evolve, and train others to treat patients the best way possible. Health professionals have to train and learn about the specificities of geriatrics early, repetitively, and continuously during their training. Health professionals must be able to work in a stable environment, with a supportive management. Their work must be valued in a sustainable way. Better working conditions should enable a more caring and compassionate approach by healthcare professionals toward their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fanny Durig
- Gérontologie, Hopital Corentin-Celton, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
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Vaillant-Ciszewicz AJ, Lantermino L, Quin C, Cuni A, Guerin O. [Setting up, running and evaluating NMIs as part of the "ageing well" project]. Soins Gerontol 2023; 28:13-23. [PMID: 37977760 DOI: 10.1016/j.sger.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Non-drug interventions (NDIs) are recommended as a first-line treatment in gerontology to address the psychological and behavioral symptoms of dementia. This article illustrates the NMIs implemented, how they are carried out and how they are evaluated as part of the Bien vieillir project at Nice University Hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cassandra Quin
- Projet Bien vieillir, Laboratoire CoBTeK EA 72-76, France
| | - Alice Cuni
- Projet Bien vieillir, Laboratoire CoBTeK EA 72-76, France
| | - Olivier Guerin
- Inserm U1081, IRCAN, CNRS UMR 7284, Université Côte-d'Azur, CHU de Nice, 4 avenue Reine-Victoria, 06000 Nice, Alpes-Maritimes, France
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Kolennikova OA, Toksanbaeva MS. [FUNCTIONING OF THE INSTITUTIONS FOR ASSESSING QUALIFICATIONS OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTS IN OUTPATIENT AND INPATIENT SETTINGS]. Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med 2023; 31:1207-1212. [PMID: 38069887 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866x-2023-31-s2-1207-1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The study of the level of appropriateness of the institutions for assessing qualifications of medical specialists with regard to their purpose is relevant due to a number of manifestations of the dysfunction of these institutions and the need to eliminate them. It is advisable to analyze these phenomena not only in general, but also from individual angles, including in the context of their functioning in outpatient and inpatient conditions. This perspective allows us to identify additional aspects of the dysfunction. The study was carried out on the basis of statistics of the Moscow Healthcare Department and materials of two surveys of medical specialists conducted in 2019 and 2022 by the Department. Opinions of medical personnel in polyclinics and hospitals about advantages and disadvantages of the work of institutions of accreditation and certification to get a qualification category were studied. The shortcomings were associated with the dysfunction factors. It is established that these shortcomings are ranked according to the level of significance. The most significant out of them (high workload and lessened incentives for advancement in skills) are characteristic of both types of medical institutions and their divisions, but more pronounced in outpatient settings. It is shown that a number of shortcomings were eliminated by legislation and due to the development of the infrastructure for continuing medical education. However, some shortcomings cannot be eliminated within the institutions themselves, and further reforming of the healthcare system is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Kolennikova
- Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115088, Moscow, Russia,
- Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population - Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117218, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Toksanbaeva
- Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115088, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population - Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117218, Moscow, Russia
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Akpor OA, Tope-Ajayi TO, Muhammad FA, Dada MG, Aremu KD, Aina O, Olukolade FT, Olorunfemi O, Bamigboye TO. Nursing preceptorship in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria: Perceptions of nursing students and clinical preceptors. Afr J Reprod Health 2023; 27:51-59. [PMID: 37694702 DOI: 10.29063/ajrh2023/v27i6s.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Nursing preceptors play a vital role in providing skills-oriented opportunities for students in the clinical environment. This study assessed the perceptions of nursing students regarding the clinical learning experience provided by preceptors, and the perceptions of nursing preceptors regarding their roles in ensuring beneficial clinical accompaniment in the three nursing institutions in Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. A concurrent mixed-methods design consisting of a survey and semi-structured interviews were used. A multistage (consecutive, purposive, and convenience) sampling technique was used to obtain quantitative data from 120 nursing students and qualitative data from 20 preceptors. Data were analyzed using descriptive and thematic content analysis. Findings showed that overall students' perceptions of the clinical learning experience were good (92%), 91.7% of the students wanted direct supervision and inadequate support was reported due to the low preceptor-to-student ratio. Preceptors acknowledged that clinical accompaniment is one of their roles, challenges mentioned include few number of preceptors, lack of policy requirements to guide their duties, and limited equipment. We conclude that there is a need to provide adequate preceptors in clinical settings, as they are vital to the training of nurses. A unified policy and standardized procedure manual will improve the quality of the delivery of preceptorships in training institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseyi A Akpor
- Department of Nursing Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Student Affairs' Unit
| | | | - Fatimah A Muhammad
- Nursing Service Unit, Afe Babalola University Multisystem Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State
| | - Moyinoluwa G Dada
- Department of Nursing Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Student Affairs' Unit
| | - Kehinde D Aremu
- Department of Nursing Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Student Affairs' Unit
| | - Olugbenga Aina
- School of Nursing, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Florence T Olukolade
- Nursing Service Unit, Afe Babalola University Multisystem Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State
| | - Olaolorunpo Olorunfemi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Theresa O Bamigboye
- Department of Nursing Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Student Affairs' Unit
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Farrié AJ, Jacus JP, Cuervo-Lombard CV. Evaluation of apathy among institutionalized older persons: Its mediating role between cognitive functioning and lack of awareness. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e5917. [PMID: 37132066 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to determine the directions of the relationships between apathy, cognitive deficits and lack of awareness. METHODS One hundred and twenty-one older persons living in nursing homes, aged between 65 and 99 years old, participated in the study. Cognitive functioning, autonomy, depressive and anxious symptoms, general self-efficacy, self-esteem and apathy were evaluated through tests and questionnaires. Lack of awareness was calculated using the patient-caregiver discrepancy method. The sample was divided into two groups (n1 = 60, n2 = 61) depending on cognitive functioning level (Dementia Rating Scale < median score: 120). We first explored the characteristics of each group. Then, we compared the mode of evaluation of apathy. Finally, we investigated the direction of relationships by applying mediation analyses. RESULTS Older persons in the low cognitive functioning group were less autonomous, had a lower cognitive functioning level, higher caregiver-rated apathy and higher lack of awareness than the high cognitive functioning group (ps < 0.05). Evaluation differences were found only in the low cognition group. Caregiver-rated apathy totally mediated the relationship between cognitive functioning (predictor) and lack of awareness (dependent variable) for the whole sample (90%) and for the low cognitive functioning group (100%). CONCLUSIONS Cognitive deficits should be taken into account when evaluating apathy. Interventions should combine cognition training and emotion intervention to reduce lack of awareness. Future research should develop a therapy dedicated to apathy among older persons without pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audric Joël Farrié
- EA 7411, CERPPS (Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé), Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
- Department of Psychology, Toulouse 2 Jean Jaurès University, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacus
- UMR 9193 SCALab (Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives), Lille University, Lille, France
| | - Christine Vanessa Cuervo-Lombard
- EA 7411, CERPPS (Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé), Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
- Department of Psychology, Toulouse 2 Jean Jaurès University, Toulouse, France
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Hovd SN. Tools of war and virtue- Institutional structures as a source of ethical deskilling. Front Big Data 2023; 5:1019293. [PMID: 36875919 PMCID: PMC9982729 DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2022.1019293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Shannon Vallor has raised the possibility of ethical deskilling as a potential pitfall as AI technology is increasingly being developed for and implemented in military institutions. Bringing the sociological concept of deskilling into the field of virtue ethics, she has questioned if military operators will be able to possess the ethical wherewithal to act as responsible moral agents as they find themselves increasingly removed from the battlefield, their actions ever more mediated by artificial intelligence. The risk, as Vallor sees it, is that if combatants were removed, they would be deprived of the opportunity to develop moral skills crucial for acting as virtuous individuals. This article constitutes a critique of this conception of ethical deskilling and an attempt at a reappraisal of the concept. I argue first that her treatment of moral skills and virtue, as it pertains to professional military ethics, treating military virtue as a sui generis form of ethical cognition, is both normatively problematic as well as implausible from a moral psychological view. I subsequently present an alternative account of ethical deskilling, based on an analysis of military virtues, as a species of moral virtues essentially mediated by institutional and technological structures. According to this view, then, professional virtue is a form of extended cognition, and professional roles and institutional structures are parts of what makes these virtues the virtues that they are, i.e., constitutive parts of the virtues in question. Based on this analysis, I argue that the most likely source of ethical deskilling caused by technological change is not how technology, AI, or otherwise, makes individuals unable to develop appropriate moral-psychological traits but rather how it changes the institution's capacities to act.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigurd N. Hovd
- Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Oslo, Norway,University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,*Correspondence: Sigurd N. Hovd ✉
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Yang S, Wang Y, Fang Q, Elliott M, Ikhumhen HO, Liu Z, Meilana L. The Transformation of 40-Year Coastal Wetland Policies in China: Network Analysis and Text Analysis. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:15251-15260. [PMID: 36279526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The notable improvement of China's wetland management policies over the last four decades prompted this study's goal to quantitatively analyze the transformation of China's coastal wetland policies from 1979 to 2022 by applying an institutional network analysis and policy text analysis. The results of the institutional network analysis revealed an administrative management transformation from a multidepartmental mode to an integrated management framework. Furthermore, the policy text analysis results revealed a change in policy priorities (from exploitation to protection) and management targets (from a single environmental element to a comprehensive ecosystem and further to collaborative governance). In addition, the overall outcome of this study instigated proposals for the improvement of future wetland policies on climate change, integrated planning, natural capital, and public participation. Hence, this study presents an example of wetland policy analysis based on a quantitative review, which we hope will also be valuable for other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration (USER), Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Qinhua Fang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration (USER), Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Michael Elliott
- Department of Biological & Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Harrison Odion Ikhumhen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhenghua Liu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 178 Daxue Road, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Lusita Meilana
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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Yang S, Tan W, Ma X, Qi L, Wang X. Worldwide Productivity and Research Trend of Publications Concerning Cancer-Related Neuropathic Pain: A Bibliometric Study. J Pain Res 2022; 15:2747-2759. [PMID: 36106314 PMCID: PMC9467449 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s378119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related neuropathic pain is a common adverse effect in the process of cancer development and treatment and has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. The purpose of this article is to systematically review the articles on cancer-related neuropathic pain published between 2012 and 2021 and visualize the data through CiteSpace and R software. The results show that in the past 10 years, a total of 5715 articles have been published, involving 118 categories, of which the most is Clinical Neurology, followed by Neurosciences, Pharmacology Pharmacy. The country with the most published articles is the United States, followed by China and Italy. A total of 22,228 authors were involved in the study of cancer-related neuropathic pain. These historical opinions about cancer-related neuropathic pain could be an important practical basis for further research into potential development trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Yang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijuan Tan
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Surgery Medicine, Zhangqiu People's Hospital, Jinan, 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Qi
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghe Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China
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Fujishiro K, Ahonen EQ, Winkler M. Investigating Employment Quality for Population Health and Health Equity: A Perspective of Power. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19169991. [PMID: 36011625 PMCID: PMC9408001 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Employment quality (EQ) has gained increasing attention as a determinant of health, but the debate among occupational health researchers over the measurement of EQ poses a challenge to advancing the literature. This is especially problematic when the concept is used across social, cultural, and national borders, as EQ is shaped by power dynamics within sociopolitical and economic contexts that are specific to each society. Investigating EQ in context could help develop a clearer understanding as to why EQ is configured in certain ways, how best EQ could be measured, how EQ impacts health, and ultimately how EQ could be improved. In this paper, we propose that attention to social context-and in particular power-may help advance the research on EQ and health. We present an allegory, or a visual description, that articulates the power balance in the employer-worker relation as well as in the sociopolitical context in which the employer-worker relation takes place. We end by proposing specific approaches for occupational health researchers to incorporate a perspective of power in EQ research that may clarify the concept and measurement of EQ. A clearer recognition of EQ as a product of power in social context aligns with the research approach of addressing work as a social structural determinant of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Fujishiro
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Emily Q. Ahonen
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Megan Winkler
- Department of Behavioral, Social and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Kao YH, Hsu CC, Yang YH. A Nationwide Survey of Dementia Prevalence in Long-Term Care Facilities in Taiwan. J Clin Med 2022; 11:1554. [PMID: 35329879 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As the average life expectancy of global citizens has increased, the prevalence of dementia has increased rapidly. The number of patients with dementia has increased by 6.7 times, reaching 300,000 in the past three decades in Taiwan. To realize the latest actual situation, the need for institutional care for elderly patients with dementia, and also a reference basis for government agencies to formulate dementia-related care policies, we investigated the institutional prevalence of dementia. Methods: We randomly sampled 299 out of the 1607 registered long-term care facilities including senior citizens’ institutions, nursing homes, and veteran homes in every administrative region of Taiwan. Then, a two-phase survey including MMSE screening, CDR, and clinical confirmation was conducted on each subject from 2019 to 2020. Results: Among 5753 enrolled subjects, 4765 from 266 facilities completed the examinations with a response rate of 82.8%. A total of 4150 subjects were diagnosed with dementia, 7.4% of whom had very mild dementia. The prevalence of all-cause dementia, including very mild dementia, was 87.1% in all facilities, 87.4% in senior citizens’ institutions, 87.1% in nursing homes, and 83.3% in veteran homes. Advanced age, low education, hypertension, Parkinsonism, respiratory disease, stroke, and intractable epilepsy were associated with dementia risk. Conclusions: We show that in an aged society, the prevalence of all-cause dementia in long-term care institutions can be as high as 87.1%. This study was completed before the outbreak of COVID-19 and provides a precious hallmark for future epidemiological research. We recommend that the long-term care policy in an aged society needs to take into account the increasing high prevalence of dementia in the institution.
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13
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Hours A. The institution, mental disability and the psychoanalyst: Prospects presented by a revival of intersubjective receptivity in groups. Int J Psychoanal 2022; 103:144-158. [PMID: 35168489 DOI: 10.1080/00207578.2021.2011609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This presentation aims at giving an account of a novel group project, conducted with adults with mental and/or psychic disabilities. The evolution of post-war psychiatry in France is marked by several important changes. The development of psychotherapy in institutions asserts the role of psychoanalysis in the institutional sphere. We then will describe the environmental contexts for the reception and support of the mentally disabled subject as it currently exists in France, highlighting their effects on psychic disability. This novel project takes place in a medico-social institution, a residential home in which live eight adults with disabilities, women and men, aged 19 to 55, and at a particular moment in institutional history. Sustained by several mediations, it is first through the support of a jigsaw puzzle project that the experience is initiated. Then a writing workshop will be organised, whereby residues of proceedings will find a form in which to be recorded. The objective will be the implementation of intersubjective space, despite the impediment identified at the level of individual subjective psyches. The effectiveness of the methods used can be detected in the intersubjective connections, allowing the renewal of symbolization and creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Hours
- AMPH (Association Mornantaise pour l'Accueil de Personnes Handicapées), Foyer de l'Arc, Mornant, France
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14
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Bhatnagar S, Biswas S, Kumar A, Gupta R, Sarma R, Yadav HP, Karthik AR, Agarwal A, Ratre BK, Sirohiya P. Institutional end-of-life care policy for inpatients at a tertiary care centre in India: A way forward to provide a system for a dignified death. Indian J Med Res 2022; 155:232-242. [PMID: 35946200 PMCID: PMC9629530 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_902_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
India has a high share in the global burden of chronic terminal illnesses. However, there is a lack of a uniform system in providing better end-of-life care (EOLC) for large patients in their terminal stage of life. Institutional policies can be a good alternative as there is no national level policy for EOLC. This article describes the important aspects of the EOLC policy at one of the tertiary care institutes of India. A 15 member institutional committee including representatives from various departments was formed to develop this institutional policy. This policy document is aimed at helping to recognize the potentially non-beneficial or harmful treatments and provide transparency and accountability of the process of limitation of treatment through proper documentation that closely reflects the Indian legal viewpoint on this matter. Four steps are proposed in this direction: (i) recognition of a potentially non-beneficial or harmful treatment by the physicians, (ii) consensus among all the caregivers on a potentially non-beneficial or harmful treatment and initiation of the best supportive care pathway, (iii) initiation of EOLC pathways, and (iv) symptom management and ongoing supportive care till death. The article also focuses on the step-by-step process of formulation of this institutional policy, so that it can work as a blueprint for other institutions of our country to identify the infrastructural needs and resources and to formulate their own policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Bhatnagar
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia & Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Swagata Biswas
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia & Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia & Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Raghav Gupta
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia & Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Riniki Sarma
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia & Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Himanshu Prince Yadav
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia & Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A R Karthik
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia & Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Brajesh Kumar Ratre
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia & Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Sirohiya
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia & Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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15
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Khelifi L. [Professional identity and care practice in adolescent psychiatry]. Rev Infirm 2022; 71:47-49. [PMID: 35184861 DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In psychiatric wards, nurses are an essential professional group in institutional and hospital life. In full hospitalization units for adolescents with psychological disorders, their professional identity is constructed in a care approach, at the crossroads of care and education. Motivated by individuation and by a feeling of collective and institutional belonging in their care practices, this identity construction seems to be beneficial for the patients since it is reinvested in the therapeutic relationship between caregiver and patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Khelifi
- Institut de formation en soins infirmiers Avicenne Jean-Verdier, AP-HP, bâtiment l'Européen, 1-7 promenade Jean Rostand, 93000 Bobigny, France.
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16
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Dartigues JF, Le Bourdonnec K, Tabue-Teguo M, Le Goff M, Helmer C, Avila-Funes JA, Coureau G, Feart C, Pérès K, Genuer R, Letenneur L, Amieva H, Proust-Lima C. Co-Occurrence of Geriatric Syndromes and Diseases in the General Population: Assessment of the Dimensions of Aging. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:37-45. [PMID: 35067701 PMCID: PMC8720645 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1722-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The co-occurrence of multiple medical or psycho-social conditions (geriatric syndromes (GS) and age-related diseases) is a growing concern in older people. Given the diversity of these conditions and their complex interactions, our aim was to determine whether they could be structured into synthetic dimensions in order to facilitate the management of multimorbidity. DESIGN The underlying structure of 10 GSs and 8 age-related diseases was identified using a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), and confronted to subjective and objective health outcomes. SETTING community residents from Bordeaux City (France) older than 75 years in 2010. PARTICIPANTS 630 adults aged 75+ years who lived in Bordeaux and participated in the 10-year follow-up of the Three-City study. MEASUREMENTS GSs included physical frailty, cognitive impairment and dementia, dependency, depressive symptoms, polymedication, thinness, falls, sensory deficit, social isolation, incontinence. Age-related diseases were cancer, cardiac diseases, peripheral vascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, pulmonary diseases, osteoporosis, other chronic diseases. Association of the MCA-derived independent dimensions was assessed with 10-year visit subjective health and well-being, and with incident death and entry into institution during the remaining cohort follow-up. RESULTS Most of the participants (82%) had at least two age-related syndromes or diseases. The MCA structured the 18 conditions into three major dimensions: Degradation (D) driven by GS, Vascular (V), and Psychosocial (P) representing 68.7%, 7.4%, and 5.7% of the total variance, respectively. Dimension D was a strong predictor of future death and institutionalization. Dimensions D and P were strongly associated with current well-being. CONCLUSIONS This work confirmed that multimorbidity is very common among older adults, and demonstrated the essential role of GS as manifestations of aging, even more than age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-F Dartigues
- Cécile Proust-Lima, Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France,
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17
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Sun G, Li J. Values Evolution in Transitional China: An Institutional Perspective. Front Psychol 2021; 12:792707. [PMID: 34899546 PMCID: PMC8660667 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.792707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The values are greatly affected by the social and economic environment of a country. Thus, social transformation can lead to the values evolution. China has been experiencing a huge social, political, and economic transition in the past four decades. The previous studies that explore the value changes in China mainly compare the values across the regions or generation cohorts. This research investigates the issue from an institutional perspective. Specifically, we propose that the diversification of ownership types-the essence of the economic and institutional reform since 1978 may result in value change. By surveying 327 participants from the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and 220 respondents from the privately owned enterprises (POEs), the comparisons between SOEs and POEs on four value dimensions-individualism, power distance, risk aversion, and money orientation-were performed. The results basically support cross-vergence theory in the values evolution. The implications and limitations are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Sun
- Business School, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Management, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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18
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Romano H. [Identifying and preventing violence in healthcare settings]. Soins 2021; 66:16-21. [PMID: 34462063 DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The concept of care, of the patient and of illness has evolved over the course of history, changing at the same time as society. It is marked by the scientific, cultural and religious references of our country, which have led to a modification of the relationship with the patient, which can give rise to certain forms of violence. If violence seems to be inevitably intertwined with care, going back to the origins of the latter, to its individual and intersubjective stakes, and to the possible perspectives for limiting this violence, offers some elements of understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Romano
- c/o Soins, 65 rue Camille-Desmoulins, 92442 Issy-les-Moulineaux cedex, France.
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19
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Hsieh SW, Huang LC, Hsieh TJ, Lin CF, Hsu CC, Yang YH. Behavioral and psychological symptoms in institutional residents with dementia in Taiwan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21:718-724. [PMID: 34184383 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are important predictors for institutional placement, caregiver distress and depression for patients with dementia. We aim to investigate BPSD in institutional residents with dementia in Taiwan. METHODS We conducted a nationwide study surveying institutional residents in Taiwan. Institutional residents from 22 counties and cities in Taiwan were recruited and analyzed in our study. We recorded demographic data, severity of dementia and disability, presence of BPSD, and past medical history of institutional residents in Taiwan. We recorded the characteristics of BPSD and analyzed the possible risks of BPSD in residents with dementia. RESULTS A total of 4722 institutional residents were recruited and analyzed in our study. The prevalence of dementia was 87.2% (4119 residents). Among residents with dementia, 1546 (37.5%) had presented BPSD in the past 3 months. The most frequent three types of BPSD were nighttime behavior (17.9%), resistance against care (13.4%) and depression (12.9%). Old age, female gender, and lower MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) scores were associated with BPSD. Moderate dementia (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.30-2.31) and mild activities of daily living (ADL) dependence (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.06-4.27) increased the risks of BPSD. Reviews of past medical history showed that orthopedic disease, eye disease, genitourinary disease, dementia, psychiatric disorder and intellectual disability were associated with increasing risks of BPSD. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that moderate dementia and mild ADL dependence increased the risks of BPSD in institutional residents with dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 718-724.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Wung Hsieh
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal SiaoGang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Chun Huang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chung-Fen Lin
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Department of Family Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Han Yang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of and Master's Program in Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Chinese Mentality Protection Association, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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20
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Kang Y, Choi N, Kim S. Searching for New Model of Digital Informatics for Human-Computer Interaction: Testing the Institution-Based Technology Acceptance Model (ITAM). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:5593. [PMID: 34073786 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The fourth industrial revolution has produced new information technology (IT) that is widely used in the healthcare industry. Although the nature of the institution affects IT adoption, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a dominant theory, has dismissed its role and influence. Our research investigates how institutions influence the adoption of new IT by using the Institution-based Technology Acceptance Model (ITAM). We conducted an empirical test by using survey data collected from 300 employees in the public sector. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the proposed hypotheses. The results showed the total effect of institutions on the intention to use new IT is positive and significant. Second, IT adoption is not only affected by external institutions but also by type of institution; the external institution takes a greater role in inducing perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use than does the internal. Third, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness play mediating roles between institution and IT adoption. Fourth, an alternative expanded model to which more individual and organizational factors were added confirmed the results of the base model. We concluded that institutions have a strong impact on the level of intention for IT use through perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness.
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21
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Ammar N, Aly NM, Folayan MO, Khader Y, Mohebbi SZ, Attia S, Howaldt HP, Boettger S, Virtanen J, Madi M, Maharani DA, Rahardjo A, Khan I, Al-Batayneh OB, Rashwan M, Pavlic V, Cicmil S, Noritake K, Galluccio G, Polimeni A, Shamala AA, Arheiam A, Mancino D, Phantumvanit P, Kim JB, Choi YH, Dama MA, Abdelsalam MM, Castillo JL, Nyan M, Hussein I, Joury E, Vukovic AP, Iandolo A, Kemoli AM, El Tantawi M. Perceived Preparedness of Dental Academic Institutions to Cope with the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multi-Country Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18041445. [PMID: 33557068 PMCID: PMC7913785 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dental academic institutions are affected by COVID-19. We assessed the perceived COVID-19 preparedness of these institutions and the characteristics of institutions with greater perceived preparedness. An international cross-sectional survey of dental academics was conducted from March to August 2020 to assess academics’ and institutional attributes, perceived preparedness, and availability of infection prevention and control (IPC) equipment. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified perceived preparedness components. Multilevel linear regression analysis assessed the association between perceived preparedness and fixed effect factors (academics’ and institutions’ attributes) with countries as random effect variable. Of the 1820 dental academics from 28 countries, 78.4% worked in public institutions and 75.2% reported temporary closure. PCA showed five components: clinic apparel, measures before and after patient care, institutional policies, and availability of IPC equipment. Significantly less perceived preparedness was reported in lower-middle income (LMICs) (B = −1.31, p = 0.006) and upper-middle income (UMICs) (B = −0.98, p = 0.02) countries than in high-income countries (HICs), in teaching only (B = −0.55, p < 0.0001) and in research only (B = −1.22, p = 0.003) than teaching and research institutions and in institutions receiving ≤100 patients daily than those receiving >100 patients (B = −0.38, p < 0.0001). More perceived preparedness was reported by academics with administrative roles (B = 0.59, p < 0.0001). Academics from low-income countries (LICs) and LMICs reported less availability of clinic apparel, IPC equipment, measures before patient care, and institutional policies but more measures during patient care. There was greater perceived preparedness in HICs and institutions with greater involvement in teaching, research, and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Ammar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21253, Egypt; (N.M.A.); (M.E.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-10-0964-7703
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21253, Egypt; (N.M.A.); (M.E.T.)
| | | | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Simin Z. Mohebbi
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14399-55991, Iran;
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14399-55991, Iran
| | - Sameh Attia
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.A.); (H.-P.H.); (S.B.)
| | - Hans-Peter Howaldt
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.A.); (H.-P.H.); (S.B.)
| | - Sebastian Boettger
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.A.); (H.-P.H.); (S.B.)
| | - Jorma Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Marwa Madi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Diah A. Maharani
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, 16424 Depok, Indonesia; (D.A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Anton Rahardjo
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, 16424 Depok, Indonesia; (D.A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Ola B. Al-Batayneh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Maher Rashwan
- Center for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK;
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21253, Egypt
| | - Verica Pavlic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Smiljka Cicmil
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Kanako Noritake
- Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry Department, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan;
| | - Gabriella Galluccio
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Anas A. Shamala
- Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa 15201, Yemen;
| | - Arheiam Arheiam
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya;
| | - Davide Mancino
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Jin-Bom Kim
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
| | - Mai A. Dama
- Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin 240, Zababdeh 13, Palestine;
| | - Maha M. Abdelsalam
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jorge L. Castillo
- Department of Dentistry for Children and Adolescents, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru;
| | - Myat Nyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay 05041, Myanmar;
| | - Iyad Hussein
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 800 MBRU (6278), United Arab Emirates;
| | - Easter Joury
- Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK;
| | - Ana P. Vukovic
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Beograd, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Alfredo Iandolo
- Department of Endodontics, University of Salerno, 84080 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Arthur M. Kemoli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 30197-00100, Kenya;
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21253, Egypt; (N.M.A.); (M.E.T.)
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22
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Mant M, de la Cova C, Brickley MB. Intersectionality and trauma analysis in bioarchaeology. Am J Phys Anthropol 2021; 174:583-594. [PMID: 33429458 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Intersectionality, the theory named by Kimberlé Crenshaw, outlines how multiple elements of an individual's social identity overlap to create and preserve societal inequalities and discrimination. Recently bioarchaeology's engagement with intersectionality has become increasingly explicit, as the field recognizes the lived experience of multiple axes of an individual's identity. Evidence of trauma can remain observable in an individual's skeleton for years, making it an ideal subject of study for intersectional analyses in bioarchaeology. Using contrasting case studies of two individuals who died in hospitals and were unclaimed after death, we explore the theoretical and methodological application of intersectionality to investigations of accidental and interpersonal trauma. Differences in identities and structural inequalities affect bone quality and health outcomes. As we demonstrate, a broken bone is the intersecting result of biological, histomorphological, sociocultural, and behavioral factors. This approach allows for a better acknowledgement of the inherent complexity of past lives, elevating and amplifying previously silenced voices. In this way, intersectionality in bioarchaeology demands social justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Mant
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carlina de la Cova
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Megan B Brickley
- Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Paris P, Blanchard M. [Ethics: supporting the sexuality of people with a mental disability in an institution]. Soins Psychiatr 2020; 41:23-26. [PMID: 33353603 DOI: 10.1016/s0241-6972(20)30102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The question of the sexuality of people with a disability in an institution touches on two sensitive aspects: sexuality, between taboo and unknown, and disability-related particularities. Within the microsociety of an institution, the protocols, daily living rules and therapeutic framework guide institutional life, and caregivers are sometimes helpless. An ethical perspective can help professionals support people with a mental disability with regard to their emotional and sexual life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Paris
- Maison d'accueil spécialisée, La Valette, 12780 Saint-Léons, France; Fondation Opteo, 82 route de Saint-Mayme, 12850 Onet-le-Château, France.
| | - Mélodie Blanchard
- Maison d'accueil spécialisée, La Valette, 12780 Saint-Léons, France; Fondation Opteo, 82 route de Saint-Mayme, 12850 Onet-le-Château, France
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24
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Armsworth PR, Benefield AE, Dilkina B, Fovargue R, Jackson HB, Le Bouille D, Nolte C. Allocating resources for land protection using continuous optimization: biodiversity conservation in the United States. Ecol Appl 2020; 30:e02118. [PMID: 32173929 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spatial optimization approaches that were originally developed to help conservation organizations determine protection decisions over small spatial scales are now used to inform global or continental scale priority setting. However, the different decision contexts involved in large-scale resource allocation need to be considered. We present a continuous optimization approach in which a decision-maker allocates funding to regional offices. Local decision-makers then use these funds to implement habitat protection efforts with varying effectiveness when evaluated in terms of the funder's goals. We illustrate this continuous formulation by examining the relative priority that should be given to different counties in the coterminous United States when acquiring land to establish new protected areas. If weighting all species equally, counties in the southwest United States, where large areas can be bought cheaply, are priorities for protection. If focusing only on species of conservation concern, priorities shift to locations rich in such species, particularly near expanding exurban areas facing high rates of future habitat conversion (e.g., south-central Texas). Priorities for protection are sensitive to what is assumed about local ecological and decision-making processes. For example, decision-makers who doubt the efficacy of local land protection efforts should focus on a few key areas, while optimistic decision-makers should disperse funding more widely. Efforts to inform large-scale conservation priorities should reflect better the types of choice that decision-makers actually face when working over these scales. They also need to report the sensitivity of recommended priorities to what are often unstated assumptions about local processes affecting conservation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Armsworth
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, 1416 Circle Dr, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - Amy E Benefield
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, 1416 Circle Dr, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - Bistra Dilkina
- Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, 941 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA
| | - Rachel Fovargue
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, 1416 Circle Dr, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - Heather B Jackson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, 1416 Circle Dr, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - Diane Le Bouille
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, 1416 Circle Dr, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - Christoph Nolte
- Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, 685 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA
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25
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Choufani A, Folliguet M, El-Osta N, Rammal S, Doumit M. Oral health status and care of institutionalized elderly individuals in Lebanon. Indian J Dent Res 2020; 31:507-514. [PMID: 33107448 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_208_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral health of the elderly is a major public health challenge. Data on oral health and dental care of the institutionalized elderly is lacking in Lebanon. Aims (1) Assess the oral health of Lebanese people aged 65 years and over living in residential facilities; and (2) identify factors associated with poor oral status. Materials and Methods A. sample of 526 nursing home residents aged 65 years and older was randomly selected from 46 residential facilities. Information collected were sociodemographic characteristics, degree of autonomy regarding toilet use and nutrition, presence of chronic diseases and medications, dry mouth sensation, dental brushing, access to oral health and reasons of dental visits. A structured oral examination was conducted to gather data on DMFT index, oral hygiene indices modified gingival index, and the unmet need for prosthesis. Statistical methods included bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results 55.9% of the participants were edentates, 41.4% used partial and/or complete dentures, and the minority used dentures with good hygiene. 15% of the dentate sample reported regular tooth brushing, 7% reported to have visited the dental office in the past 12 months, and 57% presented an unmet need for prosthesis. Oral health status was significantly related to age, smoking, daily tooth brushing, and autonomy (P < 0.05). Subjects with chronic diseases and consuming medications were more likely to have xerostomia. Conclusion Oral health status is poor in the elderly institutionalized Lebanese population, which should promote a multidisciplinary team sharing responsibility for daily oral hygiene and access to dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nada El-Osta
- Laboratoire de Recherche Cranio-Faciale, Oral Health Unit, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Rammal
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Lebanon
| | - Mounir Doumit
- Former Dean, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Lebanon
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26
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Cérèse F. [Architecture and intimacy: Reflections for institutional living places]. Soins Gerontol 2020; 25:25-28. [PMID: 32792238 DOI: 10.1016/j.sger.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A reflection can be carried out on intimacy within private areas in institutions. An analysis of the concepts that currently underpin the architectural design of rooms in health and medico-social institutions helps to understand the reasons why privacy and a sense of home are often undermined. A sensitive approach makes it possible to explore people's lived experiences and to propose avenues for reflection to improve living conditions in institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fany Cérèse
- Atelier AA, 7 rue du Commerce, 34000 Montpellier, France.
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27
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Chan V, Chiu CY, Lee SL, Leung I, Tong YY. Growth Mindset as a Personal Preference Predicts Teachers' Favorable Evaluation of Positive Education as an Imported Practice When Institutional and Normative Support for It Are Both Strong or Both Weak. Front Psychol 2020; 11:934. [PMID: 32595547 PMCID: PMC7304308 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Past research on pathways to cultural influence on judgment has compared the explanatory power of personal preferences, perceived descriptive norms and institutionalization. Positive education is an education movement inspired by Western positive psychology. The present study examined how these factors jointly predict Hong Kong teachers’ evaluation of imported positive education programs in their schools. In a field study, we measured teachers’ personal endorsement of growth mindset (a positive psychology construct developed in the US) and their evaluation of adopting positive education programs in their schools. We also measured teachers’ perception of the extent of institutional and normative support for positive education in their schools. The results show that teachers’ personal preferences for growth mindset predict more favorable evaluation of positive education programs when institutional and normative support for positive education programs are both weak, or when they are both strong. We interpret these effects from the perspectives of the strong situation hypothesis and the intersubjective theory of culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincci Chan
- Faculty of Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Chi-Yue Chiu
- Faculty of Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Sau-Lai Lee
- Faculty of Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Iris Leung
- Faculty of Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Yuk-Yue Tong
- Faculty of Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
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28
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van Heerden C, Uahwatanasakul W, Vaughan B, Delany C. Ripple effect of a clinical teaching fellow programme in an Australian paediatric hospital. J Paediatr Child Health 2020; 56:1072-1076. [PMID: 32100387 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.14819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM Bedside teaching performed by experienced clinicians is an expected component of medical student training. As clinicians often have high clinical demands and a lack of formal training in teaching methods, clinical teaching fellowships have been established. In clinical teaching fellowships, clinicians with an interest and expertise in medical education provide medical students with standardised teaching. Studies about the impact of clinical teaching fellowships have demonstrated benefits for both clinical teaching fellows (CTFs) and medical students. However, studies have not evaluated the impact of these fellowships on other clinicians or learning relationships within the institution. In this study, we aimed to address this gap by gathering data on the perspectives of CTFs, medical students and hospital consultants. METHOD A mixed-method design was used, utilising a combination of surveys for CTFs, medical students and hospital consultants and semi-structured telephone interviews for CTFs. Quantitative and qualitative data were obtained. RESULTS The combination of data from CTFs, medical students and consultants enabled a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of the CTF programme within the institution. Although benefits were identified for CTFs and medical students, the consultant group noted that they were less involved in teaching medical students and that the CTFs were not well integrated into the ward team. CONCLUSION This research highlights the importance of considering not only direct outcomes of teaching and learning but broader influences on more implicit teaching opportunities and relationships within hospital teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn van Heerden
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wonie Uahwatanasakul
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brett Vaughan
- Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clare Delany
- Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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29
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Cooper MJ, Morris H, Whiston B. Sir Matthew Tierney and the foundation of the 1804 Sussex Vaccine Institution. J Med Biogr 2020; 28:83-89. [PMID: 31566102 DOI: 10.1177/0967772019870443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Irish physician Sir Matthew John Tierney (1776-1845) was a vaccine pioneer who learnt the procedure directly from Edward Jenner in Gloucestershire. In 1802 Tierney completed an MD at Glasgow on vaccination and moved to Brighton, where he was appointed physician to the Prince of Wales (the future King George IV). This paper considers Tierney's role in the foundation of the 1804 Sussex Vaccine Institution. Tierney was the first president of the Institution's Medical Council. His leadership lay in his knowledge of vaccination (including transporting cowpox material) and his close relationship with the Prince of Wales. The Institution's official name was the Royal Sussex Jennerian Society for the Extermination of the Small-pox and offered vaccination at 16 stations across the county and one in Kent. Vaccination was undertaken by local surgeons at their houses at set hours. In its first year, the Institution vaccinated 946 individuals, of whom 509 for free. Despite this, concerns were raised over uptake by poorer members of society. The Institution's Brighton station was probably absorbed into the new 1809 dispensary. Tierney's promotion of vaccination and instructions for new practitioners represent the embryonic beginnings of evidence-based medicine and modern medical education in Brighton.
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30
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Bentaleb D. [Establishing an observation group in the nursery]. Soins Pediatr Pueric 2020; 41:26-29. [PMID: 32771204 DOI: 10.1016/j.spp.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the nursery, the implementation of a working group on observation was a real step forward in the proposed support. Observation is both taking into account the child's internal world, a way of valuing his or her skills and the possibility of co-constructing finer representations, common to all professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djamila Bentaleb
- Établissement public départemental Le Charmeyran, 9 chemin Duhamel, 38700 La Tronche, France.
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31
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Robertson S, Cooper C, Hoe J, Lord K, Rapaport P, Marston L, Cousins S, Lyketsos CG, Livingston G. Comparing proxy rated quality of life of people living with dementia in care homes. Psychol Med 2020; 50:86-95. [PMID: 30691541 PMCID: PMC6945323 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718003987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving quality of life (QOL) for people with dementia is a priority. In care homes, we often rely on proxy ratings from staff and family but we do not know if, or how, they differ in care homes. METHODS We compared 1056 pairs of staff and family DEMQOL-Proxy ratings from 86 care homes across England. We explored factors associated with ratings quantitatively using multilevel modelling and, qualitatively, through thematic analysis of 12 staff and 12 relative interviews. RESULTS Staff and family ratings were weakly correlated (ρs = 0.35). Median staff scores were higher than family's (104 v. 101; p < 0.001). Family were more likely than staff to rate resident QOL as 'Poor' (χ2 = 55.91, p < 0.001). Staff and family rated QOL higher when residents had fewer neuropsychiatric symptoms and severe dementia. Staff rated QOL higher in homes with lower staff:resident ratios and when staff were native English speakers. Family rated QOL higher when the resident had spent longer living in the care home and was a native English. Spouses rated residents' QOL higher than other relatives. Qualitative results suggest differences arise because staff felt good care provided high QOL but families compared the present to the past. Family judgements centre on loss and are complicated by decisions about care home placement and their understandings of dementia. CONCLUSION Proxy reports differ systematically between staff and family. Reports are influenced by the rater:staff and family may conceptualise QOL differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Robertson
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - C. Cooper
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - J. Hoe
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - K. Lord
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - P. Rapaport
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - L. Marston
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - S. Cousins
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - C. G. Lyketsos
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - G. Livingston
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
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32
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Morice-Chauveau C. [Art therapy in enhanced accommodation units]. Soins Gerontol 2019; 24:25-27. [PMID: 31806174 DOI: 10.1016/j.sger.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
When cognitive disorders in the elderly are significant, for caregivers there remains the possibility of empathy, relational calm, time needed to help them access their memory, and escape the terrible sensation of not knowing. Entering a closed space dedicated to these seniors means creating contact with people who are lost in the twists and turns of a story they no longer recognise as their own. Feedback from an art-therapy workshop with cognitively fragile seniors, cut off from all references.
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33
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Rohwer A, Wager E, Young T. Advancing research integrity: a programme to embed good practice in Africa. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 33:298. [PMID: 31692770 PMCID: PMC6815471 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.298.17008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In Africa, training programmes as well as institutional policies on research integrity are lacking. Institutions have a responsibility to oversee research integrity through various efforts, including policies and training. We developed, implemented and evaluated an institutional approach to promote research integrity at African institutions, comprising a workshop for researchers ("bottom-up") and discussions with senior faculty on institutional policies ("top-down"). During the first day, we facilitated a workshop to introduce research integrity and promote best practices with regards to authorship, plagiarism, redundant publication and conflicts of interest. We used a variety of interactive teaching approaches to facilitate learning, including individual and group activities, small group discussions and case-based learning. We met with senior faculty on the following day to provide feedback and insights from the workshop, review current institutional policies and provide examples of what other research groups are doing. We evaluated the process. Participants actively engaged in discussions, recognised the importance of the topic and acknowledged that poor practices occurred at their institution. Discussions with senior researchers resulted in the establishment of a working group tasked with developing a publication policy for the institution. Our approach kick-started conversations on research integrity at institutions. There is a need for continued discussions, integrated training programmes and implementation of institutional policies and guidelines to promote good practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Rohwer
- Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Wager
- Sideview, Princes Risborough, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Taryn Young
- Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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34
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Pouderoux F, Biard N. [Improving support for HIV-positive elderly people in nursing homes]. Soins 2019; 64:36-38. [PMID: 31023466 DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The number of HIV-positive people requiring care in nursing homes is still low. However, there are obstacles to their admission or care in such institutions. Consequently, they often find themselves being cared for in a hospital setting. Anticipating the needs of these people will help to improve the care and support available and give rise to alternative residential facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Pouderoux
- Ehpad Les Floralies, 48 bis, avenue Franklin-Roosevelt, 77260 La Ferté-sous-Jouarre, France
| | - Nicolas Biard
- c/o Soins, Elsevier Masson SAS, 65, rue Camille-Desmoulins, 92442 Issy-les-Moulineaux cedex, France.
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35
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Abstract
Intrinsic institutional or ecological differences are often invoked to explain resource conservation success or failure. However, alternative conservation outcomes instead may be caused by path-dependent processes, where historical contingencies trap similar institutions in dramatically different, but predictable, states. We model social-ecological processes in cooperatively managed natural resources and show that institutional path dependence can create alternative stable states of conservation or overharvesting. We find that the model significantly explains a large dataset of well-studied marine fisheries. Highly productive and costly resources are, unexpectedly, most likely to exhibit the alternative stable states of strong depletion or conservation. Path dependence presents challenges and opportunities, including the possibility that short but intensive harvest reduction efforts can generate self-perpetuating conservation outcomes. Understanding why some renewable resources are overharvested while others are conserved remains an important challenge. Most explanations focus on institutional or ecological differences among resources. Here, we provide theoretical and empirical evidence that conservation and overharvest can be alternative stable states within the same exclusive-resource management system because of path-dependent processes, including slow institutional adaptation. Surprisingly, this theory predicts that the alternative states of strong conservation or overharvest are most likely for resources that were previously thought to be easily conserved under optimal management or even open access. Quantitative analyses of harvest rates from 217 intensely managed fisheries supports the predictions. Fisheries’ harvest rates also showed transient dynamics characteristic of path dependence, as well as convergence to the alternative stable state after unexpected transitions. This statistical evidence for path dependence differs from previous empirical support that was based largely on case studies, experiments, and distributional analyses. Alternative stable states in conservation appear likely outcomes for many cooperatively managed renewable resources, which implies that achieving conservation outcomes hinges on harnessing existing policy tools to navigate transitions.
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36
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Balandier M. [Emotional life and sexuality, the institution as their guarantor]. Soins 2018; 63:40-43. [PMID: 30551753 DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An individual's emotional and/or sex life all too often remains taboo in social and medical-social facilities. However, institutions must to a certain extent be its guarantor, as intimated by the user's intimacy. In this context, it is important to consider the cardinal principal of the person's consent, which is a prerequisite and necessary condition of emotional and/or sexual relations.
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Horita Y, Takezawa M. Cultural Differences in Strength of Conformity Explained Through Pathogen Stress: A Statistical Test Using Hierarchical Bayesian Estimation. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1921. [PMID: 30364282 PMCID: PMC6193438 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The severity of the environment has been found to have played a selective pressure in the development of human behavior and psychology, and the historical prevalence of pathogens relate to cultural differences in group-oriented psychological mechanisms, such as collectivism and conformity to the in-group. However, previous studies have also proposed that the effectiveness of institutions, rather than pathogen stress, can account for regional variation in group-oriented psychological mechanisms. Moreover, previous studies using nations as units of analysis may have suffered from a problem of statistical non-independence, namely, Galton's problem. The present study tested whether or not regional variation in pathogen stress, rather than government effectiveness, affected collectivism and conformity to social norms by adjusting the effect of global regions using hierarchical Bayesian estimation. We found that the overall effect of pathogen stress remained significant in only one out of the four indices of the regional variability of conformity, and the effects of the government effectiveness also disappeared. Instead, we found that significant effects of both pathogen stress and government effectiveness in specific regions of the world, but these effects were not stable across the measurements. These results indicate that both the effects of pathogen stress and government effectiveness need further reevaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Horita
- Department of Psychology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Takezawa
- Department of Behavioral Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Abstract
There have been significant changes in recent years in what psychiatrists are expected to accomplish in CMP [centre médicopsychologique (medical-psychological centre)] consultations. Back in the 1980s, most of the patients seen were psychotic. Then, all of a sudden, psychiatrists began to see a whole new category of cases at CMPs: patients who were exhausted and no longer able to do their jobs properly. This included a wave of civil servants affected by restructuring, followed by private sector employees. These days, most of those who consult for burnout are health workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Bouché
- Unité de psychiatrie de la personne âgée, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles-Foix, 7, avenue de la République, 94200 Ivry, France.
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39
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Perrin-Niquet A. [Training caregivers to improve violence prevention and response]. Soins Psychiatr 2018; 39:20-23. [PMID: 30047453 DOI: 10.1016/j.spsy.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Confronted with the phenomena of violence, hospital managers are putting in place continuing training sessions addressing the theme of prevention. These so-called 'violent' situations are generally triggered by patients or by their family. The analyses carried out subsequently enable the different mechanisms, notably institutional, which might have contributed to the emergence of these situations, to be identified.
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40
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Hawk BN, Mccall RB, Groark CJ, Muhamedrahimov RJ, Palmov OI, Nikiforova NV. CAREGIVER SENSITIVITY AND CONSISTENCY AND CHILDREN'S PRIOR FAMILY EXPERIENCE AS CONTEXTS FOR EARLY DEVELOPMENT WITHIN INSTITUTIONS. Infant Ment Health J 2018; 39:432-448. [PMID: 29953627 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The current study addressed whether two institution-wide interventions in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, that increased caregiver sensitivity (Training Only: TO) or both caregiver sensitivity and consistency (Training plus Structural Changes: T+SC) promoted better socioemotional and cognitive development than did a No Intervention (NoI) institution during the first year of life for children who were placed soon after birth. It also assessed whether having spent less than 9 versus 9 to 36 months with a family prior to institutionalization was related to children's subsequent socioemotional and cognitive development within these three institutions. The Battelle Developmental Inventory (J. Newborg, J.R. Stock, L. Wnek, J. Guidubaldi, & J. Svinicki, 1988) was used to assess the socioemotional and cognitive functioning of children in NoI (n = 95), TO (n = 104), and T+SC (n = 86) at two to three time points during their first 6 to 12 months of residency. Results suggest that improving caregiver sensitivity can improve the cognitive development of infants in the first year of institutionalization whereas improving caregiver consistency in addition to sensitivity is more beneficial for socioemotional development than is sensitivity alone. Similarly, for children in T+SC, longer time with a family prior to institutionalization (consistent caregiver, unknown sensitivity) was associated with better socioemotional, but not cognitive, baseline scores and more rapid cognitive than socioemotional development during institutionalization. These results suggest caregiver sensitivity is more highly related to cognitive development whereas caregiver consistency is more related to socioemotional development in the first years of life.
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Kataviya KB, Parmar B, Patel R, Das PJ, Kumar V, Mahajan A, Singh R, Thakur D, Kinhekar A, Ravikumar RK, Kumar V. Improvising livestock service in hilly regions through indigenous wisdom towards control of tick infestation: Institutional relationships. Vet World 2018; 11:687-692. [PMID: 29915509 PMCID: PMC5993760 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.687-692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was conducted to demonstrate the acaricide efficacy of novel indigenous veterinary medication shared by an outstanding knowledge holder against naturally infested cattle and efforts in mainstreaming such wisdom. Materials and Methods: An indigenous herbal medication in control of tick infestation was documented, and experimentation was held against naturally affected cattle. Eighteen clinically infested cattle population comprising 16 crossbred and 2 non-descript cattle were purposively selected. Majority of them were adult females, reported with a higher incidence of tick at Veterinary institution. The average pre-treatment tick count at 24 sites of observations among these animals was 18.91±2.04 (Mean [x̄]±standard error [SE]). The medication was topically applied once daily for 2 days and post-treatment observations were recorded for an experimental period of 14 days’ duration. Results: During 24-h post-treatment observation, the medication had shown 92.95% acaricidal property with clinically irrelevant rate of tick infestation of 1.33±0.39 (x̄ ±SE) was noticed before application of subsequent (second) dosage. This practice was found significantly effective at 5% level of significance (t0.05, 23=9.08) illustrating faster relief to livestock. Animals were treated with herbal medication as per dosage on the second day and no reinfestation was noticed up to 14 days of experimental observation. Conclusion: The study strengthens the belief that indigenous herbal acaricide can facilitate quality livestock service at geographically distant locations. These medications can provide quicker relief, minimize tick resistance and are favorable to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bharat Parmar
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Amarapur, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramesh Patel
- Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and Institutions, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Pranab Jyoti Das
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Amarapur, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Amarapur, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Amit Mahajan
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Devesh Thakur
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, Dr. GC Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Vipin Kumar
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Amarapur, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Abstract
In various case studies across Europe the vital role of rural place leadership in enabling a place-based approach to local and regional development has been highlighted, although not always explicitly addressed as such. This paper aims to do so by reviewing the findings from a selection of earlier research projects within a framework of the role of rural leadership in place-based development. Building on the increasing body of literature on place leadership, the review reveals how place leadership in rural areas is performed by varied public, private and civic actors; is able to bridge vested stakes and make new connections; is supportive to joint learning and innovation and an increasing range of bottom-up grassroots initiatives. Effective rural place leadership initiates joint reflection and enforces a collaborative spirit resulting in an expanding spiral of new alliances and new (institutional) arrangements. This underpins the importance of rural place leadership in building collective agency and its capacity to better attune the institutional setting to the specificities of place and thus enhance place-based development.
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Affiliation(s)
- LG Horlings
- LG Horlings, Department of Spatial Planning and Environment, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Landleven 1, Groningen 9747AD, The Netherlands.
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Cumming GS, Allen CR. Protected areas as social-ecological systems: perspectives from resilience and social-ecological systems theory. Ecol Appl 2017; 27:1709-1717. [PMID: 28618079 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Conservation biology and applied ecology increasingly recognize that natural resource management is both an outcome and a driver of social, economic, and ecological dynamics. Protected areas offer a fundamental approach to conserving ecosystems, but they are also social-ecological systems whose ecological management and sustainability are heavily influenced by people. This editorial, and the papers in the invited feature that it introduces, discuss three emerging themes in social-ecological systems approaches to understanding protected areas: (1) the resilience and sustainability of protected areas, including analyses of their internal dynamics, their effectiveness, and the resilience of the landscapes within which they occur; (2) the relevance of spatial context and scale for protected areas, including such factors as geographic connectivity, context, exchanges between protected areas and their surrounding landscapes, and scale dependency in the provision of ecosystem services; and (3) efforts to reframe what protected areas are and how they both define and are defined by the relationships of people and nature. These emerging themes have the potential to transform management and policy approaches for protected areas and have important implications for conservation, in both theory and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme S Cumming
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Craig R Allen
- U.S. Geological Survey, Nebraska Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit, School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583, USA
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Bechetoille B, Faucon X. [Joris or the story of a programmed break]. Soins Psychiatr 2017; 38:28-30. [PMID: 28886834 DOI: 10.1016/j.spsy.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The case of Joris, a young patient with an atypical clinical presentation, highlights the malaise present in our institutions. In this situation, the passage from paedopsychiatry to adult psychiatry could only end in alienation. This case study provides a basis to explore the clinical and institutional cogwheel of a transitional period that is often difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Bechetoille
- Secteur de pédopsychiatrie, centre hospitalier Saint-Jean-de-Dieu, BP 8252, 69355 Lyon cedex 08, France.
| | - Xavière Faucon
- Secteur de pédopsychiatrie, centre hospitalier Saint-Jean-de-Dieu, BP 8252, 69355 Lyon cedex 08, France
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Maille G, Saliba-Serre B, Ferrandez AM, Ruquet M. Use of care and the oral health status of people aged 60 years and older in France: results from the National Health and Disability Survey. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:1159-1166. [PMID: 28814841 PMCID: PMC5546192 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s135542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to analyze, from the data in a national survey, the use of oral care and the oral health status of patients living at home or in an institution. Background Patients aged 60 years and older have important oral health needs, but their oral management may differ according to their immediate environment. The fact of living at home or in an institution can influence the use of care and alter the patients’ perception of their oral health status. Methods The data analyzed were taken from a survey on disability and health carried out in 2008–2009, which is representative of the population living in France. It consists of two sections, one centered on disability and health among home-dwellers and the other on patients living in an institution. In each of these two populations, we carried out descriptive analysis of three themes: use of care, forgoing of care, and oral health. Results Although visits to physicians and specialists were frequent, visits to dentists were lower in both populations. While a minority of patients forwent care, it was dental care that was mainly forgone by both home-dwellers and institutionalized patients. The cost factor remained the principal reason, but other factors such as fear or accessibility problems were cited. Use of a dental appliance was considerably more frequent among institutionalized patients than among home-dwellers, with just over half the institutionalized population wearing a dental appliance. Perceived state of oral health remained difficult to interpret. Conclusion To improve access to oral care for the elderly, the patients, their entourage and health providers need increased awareness and information on the importance of good oral health. Better information must be associated with regular clinical examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérald Maille
- UMR 7268 ADÉS, Aix-Marseille Université-EFS-CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Nord.,Faculté d'Odontologie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille Cedex, France
| | | | | | - Michel Ruquet
- UMR 7268 ADÉS, Aix-Marseille Université-EFS-CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Nord.,Faculté d'Odontologie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille Cedex, France
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Buckinx F, Reginster JY, Morelle A, Paquot N, Labeye N, Locquet M, Adam S, Bruyère O. Influence of environmental factors on food intake among nursing home residents: a survey combined with a video approach. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:1055-1064. [PMID: 28740371 PMCID: PMC5505157 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s135937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to the well-known physiological factors, dietary behavior that affects health seems to be influenced by a wide variety of environmental factors. The aim of this study was to assess, by means of an original video approach, the influence of the environment on food intake in nursing homes. Methods The perception of the environment during meals in nursing homes was evaluated by residents and by two groups of volunteers who either work in the field of geriatrics, or who do not work in the field of geriatrics. First, a random sample of residents answered a self-administered questionnaire related to different indicators (ie, noise, space, comfort, light, odors, perceived satisfaction of meals, taste of meals, presentation of meals, service and setting). Second, two separate panels, one including the people who work in the field of geriatrics (ie, experts) and one including the people who have no particular interest in geriatrics (ie, nonexperts), were asked to answer a questionnaire on their perception of the environment after having watched a video of the lunch in each nursing home. Then, the food intake of the residents was measured by a precise food-weighing method. Results A total of 88 residents from nine different nursing homes, 18 experts and 45 nonexperts answered the questionnaires. This study highlighted that, on the one hand, after adjustment on confounding variables, the perception of the quantity of food served by the residents is the only single factor associated with food consumption (P=0.003). On the other hand, experts and nonexperts did not perceive any environmental factor that seems to be significantly associated with residents’ food intake. Conclusion Our results highlighted that, in a nursing home setting, environmental factors have limited influence on the food intake of the residents, with the exception of their own perception of the quantity served. The relevance of this factor deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Buckinx
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège
| | - Alison Morelle
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Haute Ecole de la Province de Liège
| | - Nicolas Paquot
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, University Teaching Hospital of Liège
| | - Nicole Labeye
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, University Teaching Hospital of Liège
| | - Médéa Locquet
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège
| | | | - Olivier Bruyère
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège.,Department of Sport Sciences and Rehabilitation, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Bégué P, Zaric Z. [Acting with compassion, designing care together]. Soins 2017; 62:56-59. [PMID: 28411669 DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Making care and compassion a central concern in the hospital, and more widely within the community, is essential. This means reflecting on the existential questioning imposed by illness, on the key role of the nursing function and the need to act with compassion, as well as on the awareness of our common vulnerability and the need to support it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bégué
- Hôtel-Dieu, 1, place du Parvis-de-Notre-Dame, 75004 Paris, France.
| | - Zona Zaric
- Hôtel-Dieu, 1, place du Parvis-de-Notre-Dame, 75004 Paris, France
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Ravikumar RK, Thakur D, Choudhary H, Kumar V, Kinhekar AS, Garg T, Ponnusamy K, Bhojne GR, Shetty VM, Kumar V. Social engineering of societal knowledge in livestock science: Can we be more empathetic? Vet World 2017; 10:86-91. [PMID: 28246452 PMCID: PMC5301184 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.86-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Questions are raised in effective utilization of farmer’s wisdom by communities in their farming. Planners support to livelihood emphasize mostly of inputs from outside and not setting up sustainable goals. Formal institutions and planners of program are finding constraints and sceptical in wider dissemination of indigenous knowledge research system (IKRS). This is in spite of evidence that considerable number of farmer’s in livestock sector depends on IKRS. In this context, it is pertinent to showcase dissemination potential of these knowledge system(s) in larger geographical areas. The review illustrates different challenges encountered while control of livestock ailments like ectoparasite infestation through IKRS. Several times, it was opinioned to provide or share IKRS to thwart ailments in a specific region. This is interesting as it was narrated how formal system is unable to recognize farmer’s problem and challenges in integrating these sustainable practices. It has to be noted that disseminating activities seldom takes into account the experimental potential of farmers. This review paper articulates various evidences generated in enhancing diffusion thereby dissemination of IKRS. The nature of support extended by IKRS in entrepreneurial activity of smallholder farming units did not get adequate recognition. There needs to be minimum standard protocol in deriving benefit from such low-cost alternative technologies. This will enrich incremental innovation activities as per location specific need and provide scope for wider dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Ravikumar
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Satellite Complex, Ahmedabad 380 015 Gujarat, India
| | - Devesh Thakur
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education, Dr. GC Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Hardev Choudhary
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Satellite Complex, Ahmedabad 380 015 Gujarat, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Satellite Complex, Ahmedabad 380 015 Gujarat, India
| | - Amol S Kinhekar
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Satellite Complex, Ahmedabad 380 015 Gujarat, India
| | - Tushar Garg
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Satellite Complex, Ahmedabad 380 015 Gujarat, India
| | - K Ponnusamy
- Division of Dairy Extension, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - G R Bhojne
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ethics & Jurisprudence, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur - 440 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vasanth M Shetty
- Dean, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hassan - 573 202, Karnataka, India
| | - Vipin Kumar
- National Innovation Foundation-India, Satellite Complex, Ahmedabad 380 015 Gujarat, India
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Trétarre B, Bourgarel S, Stoebner-Delbarre A, Jacot W, Bessaoud F, Satge D. Breast cancer and screening in persons with an intellectual disability living in institutions in France. J Intellect Disabil Res 2017; 61:266-278. [PMID: 27624823 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to describe, among a population of women with intellectual disabilities (ID) living in institutions in France, the characteristics in whom breast cancer (BC) was diagnosed and of those who participated in BC screening. METHODS Study was performed in 2009 among a random, representative sample of women with ID living in institutions in France. Participants answered a questionnaire either directly by themselves, or with the help of an intermediary. RESULTS In total, 978 women with ID aged over 18 years were included, and 14 were diagnosed with BC. The incidence observed in this sample of women with ID is similar to that of the general population (standardised incidence ratio, SIR 0.857, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42-1.53). Average age at diagnosis was 47.8 years, and the risk of developing BC before the age of 50 was 2.03% (0.4-3.66). This risk was not significantly different from that of the general population (2.4%, 1.0-3.78). Obesity was almost twice as frequent in women who had BC as compared to those without BC (43% vs. 22.5%, P = 0.0196). Among the 310 women aged >50 years and eligible for the national BC screening programme, 238 (77%) had already had at least one mammogram, and 199 had had it within the previous 2 years. Adherence to the screening programme was 64.2% (199/310) in the participating institutions. This rate was slightly higher than the national average of 62% for the same period. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that BC is equally as frequent among women with ID living in institutions as in the general population, and occurs at around the same age. Obesity was significantly more frequent among women in whom BC was diagnosed in our study. Participation in BC screening is slightly higher among women with ID living in institutions than among the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Trétarre
- Registre des tumeurs de l'Hérault, 298 rue des Apothicaires, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - S Bourgarel
- Centre régional d'études, d'actions et d'information sur le handicap (CREAI) PACA et Corse, Marseille, France
| | - A Stoebner-Delbarre
- Institut regional du Cancer de Montpellier, Department of Supportive Care, Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - W Jacot
- Institut regional du Cancer de Montpellier, Department of Medical Oncology, Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - F Bessaoud
- Registre des tumeurs de l'Hérault, 298 rue des Apothicaires, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - D Satge
- Oncodefi, Montpellier, France, and Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique de Montpellier (IURC), Montpellier, France
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Abstract
The Chair of Philosophy at Hôtel-Dieu hospital in Paris, is a place for the sharing of knowledge and recognition. It provides a place where the subjective, institutional and political dimension of care can be considered, by all stakeholders: patients, nurses, families and citizens. The aim is to invent a shared nursing function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Fleury
- Hôtel-Dieu, 1, place du Parvis-de-Notre-Dame, 75004 Paris, France.
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