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Mathan SV, Singh R, Kim SH, Singh SV, Singh RP. Diallyl Trisulfide Induces ROS-Mediated Mitotic Arrest and Apoptosis and Inhibits HNSCC Tumor Growth and Cancer Stemness. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:378. [PMID: 38254868 PMCID: PMC10814060 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in therapeutic approaches, the five-year survival rate for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients is still less than fifty percent. Research has indicated that the consumption of Allium vegetables or processed garlic containing diallyl trisulfide (DATS) can lower the risk of multiple types of cancer. Nevertheless, the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of DATS against HNSCC have not been thoroughly explored until the current study. In this research, it was found that DATS notably curtailed the growth and viability of HNSCC cells. Additionally, DATS triggered a significant G2/M cell cycle arrest in these cells, accumulating cyclin B1, Cip1/p21, and Ser-10 phospho-histone H3-this was indicative of mitotic arrest attenuated by NAC pretreatment, suggesting the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction. The production of ROS induced by DATS led to DNA damage and apoptosis, a process associated with elevated levels of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP, along with reduced XIAP. When HNSCC cells were exposed to pharmacological concentrations of DATS, it resulted in the suppression of cancer stem cell (CSC) populations, as indicated by a decrease in the CD133high/CD44high cell fraction, reduced aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity, inhibited spheroid formation and downregulated SOX2 and Oct4 expression. Furthermore, the administration of DATS to tumor xenografts demonstrated its in vivo capacity to hinder CSCs. Further, DATS treatment inhibited the growth of UMSCC-22B head and neck cancer tumor xenograft in immunocompromised mice. Overall, DATS inhibited cell proliferation; induced cell cycle mitotic arrest and apoptosis involving DNA damage through ROS generation; reduced the CSC fraction and spheroid formation; and downregulated SOX2 and Oct4 expression. More importantly, DATS inhibited HNSCC tumor growth and CSC fraction in vivo. Thus, DATS could be a potential anticancer agent that can be used against head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivapar V. Mathan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (S.V.M.); (R.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.-H.K.); (S.V.S.)
| | - Ragini Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (S.V.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Su-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.-H.K.); (S.V.S.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shivendra V. Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.-H.K.); (S.V.S.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rana P. Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (S.V.M.); (R.S.)
- Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Choi H, Kang M, Lee KH, Kim YS. Elevated level of PLRG1 is critical for the proliferation and maintenance of genome stability of tumor cells. BMB Rep 2023; 56:612-617. [PMID: 37817442 PMCID: PMC10689083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleiotropic regulator 1 (PLRG1), a highly conserved element in the spliceosome, can form a NineTeen Complex (NTC) with Prp19, SPF27, and CDC5L. This complex plays crucial roles in both pre-mRNA splicing and DNA repair processes. Here, we provide evidence that PLRG1 has a multifaceted impact on cancer cell proliferation. Comparing its expression levels in cancer and normal cells, we observed that PLRG1 was upregulated in various tumor tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of PLRG1 resulted in tumor-specific cell death. Depletion of PLRG1 had notable effects, including mitotic arrest, microtubule instability, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and accumulation of autophagy, ultimately culminating in apoptosis. Our results also demonstrated that PLRG1 downregulation contributed to DNA damage in cancer cells, which we confirmed through experimental validation as DNA repair impairment. Interestingly, when PLRG1 was decreased in normal cells, it induced G1 arrest as a self-protective mechanism, distinguishing it from effects observed in cancer cells. These results highlight multifaceted impacts of PLRG1 in cancer and underscore its potential as a novel anti-cancer strategy by selectively targeting cancer cells. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(11): 612-617].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Choi
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Kee-Ho Lee
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Yeon-Soo Kim
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- R&D Center, artiCure Inc., Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Vanneste M, Venzke A, Guin S, Fuller AJ, Jezewski AJ, Beattie SR, Krysan DJ, Meyers MJ, Henry MD. The anti-cancer efficacy of a novel phenothiazine derivative is independent of dopamine and serotonin receptor inhibition. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1295185. [PMID: 37909019 PMCID: PMC10613967 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1295185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction An attractive, yet unrealized, goal in cancer therapy is repurposing psychiatric drugs that can readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier for the treatment of primary brain tumors and brain metastases. Phenothiazines (PTZs) have demonstrated anti-cancer properties through a variety of mechanisms. However, it remains unclear whether these effects are entirely separate from their activity as dopamine and serotonin receptor (DR/5-HTR) antagonists. Methods In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer efficacy of a novel PTZ analog, CWHM-974, that was shown to be 100-1000-fold less potent against DR/5-HTR than its analog fluphenazine (FLU). Results CWHM-974 was more potent than FLU against a panel of cancer cell lines, thus clearly demonstrating that its anti-cancer effects were independent of DR/5-HTR signaling. Our results further suggested that calmodulin (CaM) binding may be necessary, but not sufficient, to explain the anti-cancer effects of CWHM-974. While both FLU and CWHM-974 induced apoptosis, they induced distinct effects on the cell cycle (G0/G1 and mitotic arrest respectively) suggesting that they may have differential effects on CaM-binding proteins involved in cell cycle regulation. Discussion Altogether, our findings indicated that the anti-cancer efficacy of the CWHM-974 is separable from DR/5-HTR antagonism. Thus, reducing the toxicity associated with phenothiazines related to DR/5-HTR antagonism may improve the potential to repurpose this class of drugs to treat brain tumors and/or brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Vanneste
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Anita Venzke
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Soumitra Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Andrew J. Fuller
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Andrew J. Jezewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Sarah R. Beattie
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Damian J. Krysan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City IA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Marvin J. Meyers
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Michael D. Henry
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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Gedik ME, Saatci O, Oberholtzer N, Uner M, Akbulut O, Cetin M, Aras M, Ibis K, Caliskan B, Banoglu E, Wiemann S, Uner A, Aksoy S, Mehrotra S, Sahin O. Reviving immunogenic cell death upon targeting TACC3 enhances T-DM1 response in HER2-positive breast cancer. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.12.557273. [PMID: 37745348 PMCID: PMC10515808 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.557273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD), an immune-priming form of cell death, has been shown to be induced by several different anti-cancer therapies. Despite being the first and one of the most successful antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) approved for refractory HER2-positive breast cancer, little is known if response and resistance to trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) involves ICD modulation that can be leveraged to enhance T-DM1 response. Here, we report that T-DM1 induces spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC)-dependent ICD in sensitive cells by inducing eIF2α phosphorylation, surface exposure of calreticulin, ATP and HMGB1 release, and secretion of ICD-related cytokines, all of which are lost in resistance. Accordingly, an ICD-related gene signature correlates with clinical response to T-DM1-containing therapy. We found that transforming acidic coiled-coil containing 3 (TACC3) is overexpressed in T-DM1 resistant cells, and that T-DM1 responsive patients have reduced TACC3 protein while the non-responders exhibited increased TACC3 expression during T-DM1 treatment. Notably, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of TACC3 revives T-DM1-induced SAC activation and induction of ICD markers in vitro. Finally, TACC3 inhibition elicits ICD in vivo shown by vaccination assay, and it potentiates T-DM1 by inducing dendritic cell (DC) maturation and enhancing infiltration of cytotoxic T cells in the human HER2-overexpressing MMTV.f.huHER2#5 (Fo5) transgenic model. Together, our results show that ICD is a key mechanism of action of T-DM1 which is lost in resistance, and that targeting TACC3 restores T-DM1-mediated ICD and overcomes resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Emre Gedik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Ozge Saatci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Nathaniel Oberholtzer
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Meral Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Ozge Akbulut
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Metin Cetin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Mertkaya Aras
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Kubra Ibis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Burcu Caliskan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Erden Banoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF580, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Aysegul Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Sercan Aksoy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
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5
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Cunningham A, Brown M, Dresselhuis J, Robinson N, Hervie K, Cox ME, Mills J. Combination Effects of Integrin-linked Kinase and Abelson Kinase Inhibition on Aberrant Mitosis and Cell Death in Glioblastoma Cells. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:906. [PMID: 37508338 PMCID: PMC10376030 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In cancer cells, inhibition of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) increases centrosome declustering causing mitotic arrest and cell death. Yet, not all cancer cells are susceptible to anti-ILK treatment alone. We investigate a combination drug strategy targeting ILK and another oncogenic kinase, Abelson kinase (ABL). Drug-concentration viability assays (i.e., MTT assays) indicate that ILK and ABL inhibitors in combination decreased the viability of glioblastoma cells over the ILK drug QLT-0267 alone. Combination strategies also increased aberrant mitoses and cell death over QLT-0267 alone. This was evident from an increase in mitotic arrest, apoptosis and a sub-G1 peak following FAC analysis. In vitro, ILK and ABL localized to the centrosome and the putative ILK kinase domain was important for this localization. Increased levels of cytosolic ABL are associated with its transformative abilities. ILK inhibitor effects on survival correlated with its ability to decrease cytosolic ABL levels and inhibit ABL's localization to mitotic centrosomes in glioblastoma cells. ILK inhibitor effects on ABL's centrosomal localization were reversed by the proteasomal inhibitor MG132 (a drug that inhibits ABL degradation). These results indicate that ILK regulates ABL at mitotic centrosomes and that combination treatments targeting ILK and ABL are more effective then QLT-0267 alone at decreasing the survival of dividing glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Cunningham
- Department of Biology, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada
| | - Maddisen Brown
- Department of Biology, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada
| | | | - Nicole Robinson
- Vancouver Prostate Center and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Keni Hervie
- Department of Biology, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada
| | - Michael E Cox
- Vancouver Prostate Center and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Julia Mills
- Department of Biology, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada
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Choi HJ, Jung KM, Park KJ, Lee KY, Woo SJ, Han JY. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of male chicken germ cells reveals changes in signaling pathway-related gene expression profiles during mitotic arrest. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:833-844. [PMID: 36961279 PMCID: PMC10153307 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic arrest is necessary for embryonic development of germ cells, and thus it is important to understand the signaling pathways that regulate mitotic arrest. Here, we investigated the signaling pathway dynamics of male embryonic chicken germ cells during mitotic arrest by single-cell transcriptome analysis using germ cell tracing models. We identified signaling pathways that change at the transcriptional level during chicken male germ cell development after sex determination. We found that several components of the BMP, Notch, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways were downregulated at the mitotic-arrest stage and were reactivated one week after hatching, when all germ cells are quiescent after entering mitotic arrest. In addition, the transcriptional levels of components of the MAPK, Hedgehog, and thyroid-hormone signaling pathways were steadily upregulated after mitotic arrest. This suggests cooperation of multiple signaling pathways during entry into mitotic arrest and subsequent quiescence of chicken male germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jeong Choi
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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Hu SY, Qian JX, Yang SY, Andriani L, Liao L, Deng L, Huang MY, Zhang YL, Zhang FL, Shao ZM, Li DQ. Destabilization of microrchidia family CW-type zinc finger 2 via the cyclin-dependent kinase 1-chaperone-mediated autophagy pathway promotes mitotic arrest and enhances cancer cellular sensitivity to microtubule-targeting agents. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1210. [PMID: 36967563 PMCID: PMC10040724 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microtubule-targeing agents (MTAs), such as paclitaxel (PTX) and vincristine (VCR), kill cancer cells through activtion of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and induction of mitotic arrest, but the development of resistance poses significant clinical challenges. METHODS Immunoblotting and RT-qPCR were used to investigate potential function and related mechanism of MORC2. Flow cytometry analyses were carried out to determine cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. The effect of MORC2 on cellular sensitivity to PTX and VCR was determined by immunoblotting, flow cytometry, and colony formation assays. Immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescent staining were utilized to investigate protein-protein interaction and protein co-localization. RESULTS Here, we identified microrchidia family CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2), a poorly characterized oncoprotein, as a novel regulator of SAC activation, mitotic progression, and resistance of cancer cells to PTX and VCR. Mechanically, PTX and VCR activate cyclin-dependent kinase 1, which in turn induces MORC2 phosphorylation at threonine 717 (T717) and T733. Phosphorylated MORC2 enhances its interation with HSPA8 and LAMP2A, two essential components of the chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) mechinery, resulting in its autophagic degradation. Degradation of MORC2 during mitosis leads to SAC activation through stabilizing anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome activator protein Cdc20 and facilitating mitotic checkpoint complex assembly, thus contributing to mitotic arrest induced by PTX and VCR. Notably, knockdown of MORC2 promotes mitotic arrest induced by PTX and VCR and enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to PTX and VCR. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these findings unveil a previously unrecognized function and regulatory mechanism of MORC2 in mitotic progression and resistance of cancer cells to MTAs. These results also provide a new clue for developing combined treatmentstrategy by targeting MORC2 in combination with MTAs against human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yuan Hu
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Xian Qian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Ying Yang
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisa Andriani
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Liao
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Ying Huang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin-Ling Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Lin Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Min Shao
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Keyan KS, Alanany R, Kohil A, Khan OM. E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIP12 Controls Exit from Mitosis via Positive Regulation of MCL-1 in Response to Taxol. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15. [PMID: 36672454 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is a major hurdle in cancer treatment. Taxol-based chemotherapy is widely used in the treatment of cancers including breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancer. Loss of function of the tumor suppressor F-box WD-40 domain containing 7 (FBW7) mutations leads to the accumulation of its substrate MCL-1 which is associated with Taxol resistance in human cancers. We recently showed that E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIP12 is a negative regulator of FBW7 protein. In this study, we find that Taxol-induced mitotic block in cancer cells is partly controlled by TRIP12 via its positive regulation of MCL-1 protein. Genetic inhibition of TRIP12 accelerates MCL-1 protein degradation in mitosis. Notably, introducing double-point mutations in lysines 404/412 of FBW7 to arginine which makes it resistant to proteasomal degradation, leads to the sharp reduction of MCL-1 protein levels and sensitizes cancer cells to Taxol-induced cell death. Finally, TRIP12 deletion leads to enhanced mitotic arrest and cell death in an FBW7 and MCL-1 dependent manner in multiple cell lines including colorectal and ovarian cancer but not in breast cancer. Thus, the TRIP12/FBW7/MCL-1 axis may provide a therapeutic target to overcome Taxol-associated chemotherapy resistance in cancer.
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Boichuk S, Syuzov K, Bikinieva F, Galembikova A, Zykova S, Gankova K, Igidov S, Igidov N. Computational-Based Discovery of the Anti-Cancer Activities of Pyrrole-Based Compounds Targeting the Colchicine-Binding Site of Tubulin. Molecules 2022; 27. [PMID: 35566235 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the tubulin-binding agents (TBAs) that are widely used in the clinic for cancer therapy, tumor resistance to TBAs (both inherited and acquired) significantly impairs their effectiveness, thereby decreasing overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates, especially for the patients with metastatic, recurrent, and unresectable forms of the disease. Therefore, the development of novel effective drugs interfering with the microtubules' dynamic state remains a big challenge in current oncology. We report here about the novel ethyl 2-amino-1-(furan-2-carboxamido)-5-(2-aryl/tert-butyl-2-oxoethylidene)-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylates (EAPCs) exhibiting potent anti-cancer activities against the breast and lung cancer cell lines in vitro. This was due to their ability to inhibit tubulin polymerization and induce cell cycle arrest in M-phase. As an outcome, the EAPC-treated cancer cells exhibited a significant increase in apoptosis, which was evidenced by the expression of cleaved forms of PARP, caspase-3, and increased numbers of Annexin-V-positive cells. By using the in silico molecular modeling methods (e.g., induced-fit docking, binding metadynamics, and unbiased molecular dynamics), we found that EAPC-67 and -70 preferentially bind to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin. Lastly, we have shown that the EAPCs indicated above and colchicine utilizes a similar molecular mechanism to inhibit tubulin polymerization via targeting the T7 loop in the β-chain of tubulin, thereby preventing the conformational changes in the tubulin dimers required for their polymerization. Collectively, we identified the novel and potent TBAs that bind to the colchicine-binding site and disrupt the microtubule network. As a result of these events, the compounds induced a robust cell cycle arrest in M-phase and exhibited potent pro-apoptotic activities against the epithelial cancer cell lines in vitro.
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10
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Boichuk S, Galembikova A, Syuzov K, Dunaev P, Bikinieva F, Aukhadieva A, Zykova S, Igidov N, Gankova K, Novikova M, Kopnin P. The Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activities of Pyrrole-Based Carboxamides: The Novel Tubulin Inhibitors Targeting the Colchicine-Binding Site. Molecules 2021; 26:5780. [PMID: 34641324 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule targeting agents (MTAs) that interfere with the dynamic state of the mitotic spindle are well-known and effective chemotherapeutic agents. These agents interrupt the microtubule network via polymerization or depolymerization, halting the cell cycle progression and leading to apoptosis. We report two novel pyrrole-based carboxamides (CAs) (CA-61 and -84) as the compounds exhibiting potent anti-cancer properties against a broad spectrum of epithelial cancer cell lines, including breast, lung, and prostate cancer. The anti-cancer activity of CAs is due to their ability to interfere with the microtubules network and inhibit tubulin polymerization. Molecular docking demonstrated an efficient binding between these ligands and the colchicine-binding site on the tubulin. CA-61 formed two hydrogen bond interactions with THR 179 (B) and THR 353 (B), whereas two hydrogen bonds with LYS 254 (B) and 1 with ASN 101 (A) were identified for CA-84. The binding energy for CA-84 and CA-61 was −9.910 kcal/mol and −9.390 kcal/mol. A tubulin polymerization assay revealed a strong inhibition of tubulin polymerization induced by CA-61 and -84. The immunofluorescence data revealed the disruption of the tubulin assembly in CA-treated cancer cells. As an outcome of the tubulin inhibition, these compounds halted the cell cycle progression in the G2/M phase, leading to the accumulation of the mitotic cells, and further induced apoptosis. Lastly, the in vivo study indicated that CAs significantly inhibited the HCC1806 breast cancer xenograft tumor growth in a nude mouse model. Collectively, we identified the novel CAs as potent MTAs, inhibiting tubulin polymerization via binding to the colchicine-binding site, disrupting the microtubule network, and exhibiting potent pro-apoptotic activities against the epithelial cancer cell lines both in vitro and in vivo.
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11
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Omidbakhshfard MA, Sokolowska EM, Di Vittori V, Perez de Souza L, Kuhalskaya A, Brotman Y, Alseekh S, Fernie AR, Skirycz A. Multi-omics analysis of early leaf development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Patterns (N Y) 2021; 2:100235. [PMID: 33982025 PMCID: PMC8085607 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The growth of plant organs is driven by cell division and subsequent cell expansion. The transition from proliferation to expansion is critical for the final organ size and plant yield. Exit from proliferation and onset of expansion is accompanied by major metabolic reprogramming, and in leaves with the establishment of photosynthesis. To learn more about the molecular mechanisms underlying the developmental and metabolic transitions important for plant growth, we used untargeted proteomics and metabolomics analyses to profile young leaves of a model plant Arabidopsis thaliana representing proliferation, transition, and expansion stages. The dataset presented represents a unique resource comprising approximately 4,000 proteins and 300 annotated small-molecular compounds measured across 6 consecutive days of leaf growth. These can now be mined for novel developmental and metabolic regulators of plant growth and can act as a blueprint for studies aimed at better defining the interface of development and metabolism in other species. Untargeted metabolomics and proteomics characterization of early leaf growth Translation is the primary determiner of protein abundance during early leaf growth 12-OPDA accumulation coincides with meristem arrest
Developmental and metabolic transitions occurring during plant growth are critical for crop yield. The multi-omics dataset presented here was generated to enable the identification of novel molecular players involved in the regulation of plant growth. It comprised approximately 4,000 proteins and 300 annotated small-molecular compounds, measured across early leaf development spanning major developmental transitions. As such, the work provides a blueprint for studies aimed at better defining the interface between metabolism and development, an appreciated yet understudied research frontier across all kingdoms of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valerio Di Vittori
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | | | - Anastasiya Kuhalskaya
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.,Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.,Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.,Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Aleksandra Skirycz
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.,Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
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12
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Boichuk S, Galembikova A, Bikinieva F, Dunaev P, Aukhadieva A, Syuzov K, Zykova S, Igidov N, Ksenofontov A, Bocharov P. 2-APCAs, the Novel Microtubule Targeting Agents Active Against Distinct Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2021; 26:616. [PMID: 33503939 PMCID: PMC7865999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are known as the most attractive molecular targets for anti-cancer drugs. However, the number of serious limitations of the microtubule targeting agents (MTAs) including poor bioavailability, adverse effects (e.g., systemic and neural toxicity), and acquired resistance after initiation of MTA-based therapy remain the driving forces to develop the novel therapeutic agents effectively targeting microtubules and exhibiting potent anti-tumor activities. Here, we report the discovery of 2-amino-pyrrole-carboxamides (2-APCAs), a novel class of MTA, which effectively inhibited the growth of the broad spectrum of cancer cell lines in vitro, including various types of breast, prostate, and non-small lung cancer (NSLC), soft tissue sarcomas (STS) (e.g., leio-, rhabdomyo-, and fibrosarcomas), osteosarcomas and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Importantly, 2-APCAs were also effective in cancer cell lines exhibiting resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents, including MTAs and topoisomerase II inhibitors. The anti-proliferative effect of 2-APCAs was due to their ability to interfere with the polymerization of tubulin and thereby leading to the accumulation of tumor cells in the M-phase. As an outcome of the mitotic arrest, cancer cells underwent apoptotic cell death which was evidenced by increased expression of cleaved forms of the poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 and the increased numbers of Annexin V-positive cells, as well. Among the compounds exhibiting the potent anti-cancer activities against the various cancer cell lines indicated above, 2-APCA-III was found the most active. Importantly, its cytotoxic activities correlated with its highest potency to interfere with the dynamics of tubulin polymerization and inducement of cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Interestingly, the cytotoxic and tubulin polymerization activities of 2-APCAs correlated with the stability of the «tubulin-2-АРСА» complexes, illustrating the "tubulin-2-APCA-III" complex as the most stable. Molecular docking showed that the binding site for 2-АРСА-III is located in α tubulin by forming a hydrogen bond with Leu23. Of note, single-cell electrophoresis (Comet assay) data illustrated the low genotoxic activities of 2-APCAs when compared to certain anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Taken together, our study describes the novel MTAs with potent anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities, thereby illustrating them as a scaffold for the development of successful chemotherapeutic anti-cancer agent targeting microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Boichuk
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (A.G.); (F.B.); (P.D.); (A.A.); (K.S.)
- Сentral Research Laboratory, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Aigul Galembikova
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (A.G.); (F.B.); (P.D.); (A.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Firuza Bikinieva
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (A.G.); (F.B.); (P.D.); (A.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Pavel Dunaev
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (A.G.); (F.B.); (P.D.); (A.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Aida Aukhadieva
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (A.G.); (F.B.); (P.D.); (A.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Kirill Syuzov
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (A.G.); (F.B.); (P.D.); (A.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Svetlana Zykova
- Perm State Academy of Pharmacy, 614990 Perm, Russia; (S.Z.); (N.I.)
| | - Nazim Igidov
- Perm State Academy of Pharmacy, 614990 Perm, Russia; (S.Z.); (N.I.)
| | - Alexander Ksenofontov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia; (A.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Pavel Bocharov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia; (A.K.); (P.B.)
- Institute of Solution Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
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Lai KC, Chia YT, Yih LH, Lu YL, Chang ST, Hong ZX, Chen TL, Hour MJ. Antitumor Effects of the Novel Quinazolinone Holu-12: Induction of Mitotic Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma CAL27 Cells. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:259-268. [PMID: 33419820 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Quinazolinone is a privileged chemical structure employed for targeting various types of cancer. This study aimed to demonstrate the antitumor activity of synthesized 6,7-disubstituted-2-(3-fluorophenyl) quinazolines (HoLu-11 to HoLu-14). MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity was assessed by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry. The expression levels of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related proteins were estimated by western blotting. A xenograft animal model was used to explore the antitumor effects of HoLu-12. RESULTS Among four synthetic quinazolinone derivatives, HoLu-12 significantly reduced the viability of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. HoLu-12 induced G2/M arrest and increased the expression of cyclin B, histone H3 (Ser10) phosphorylation, and cleaved PARP, indicating that HoLu-12 could induce mitotic arrest and then apoptosis. Moreover, the combination of HoLu-12 and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) displayed synergistic toxic effect on OSCC cells. HoLu-12 significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION HoLu-12 induces mitotic arrest and leads to apoptosis of OSCC cells. Furthermore, HoLu-12 alone or in combination with 5-FU is a potential therapeutic agent for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chu Lai
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Ting Chia
- Master's program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ling-Huei Yih
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Liang Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Ting Chang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Zi-Xuan Hong
- Master's program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tai-Lin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mann-Jen Hour
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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14
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Bhat SA, Sarwar Z, Gillani SQ, Un Nisa M, Reshi I, Nabi N, Xie S, Fazili KM, Roberts TM, Andrabi S. Polyomavirus Small T Antigen Induces Apoptosis in Mammalian Cells through the UNC5B Pathway in a PP2A-Dependent Manner. J Virol 2020; 94:e02187-19. [PMID: 32404521 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02187-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNC5B is a dependence receptor that promotes survival in the presence of its ligand, netrin-1, while inducing cell death in its absence. The receptor has an important role in the development of the nervous and vascular systems. It is also involved in the normal turnover of intestinal epithelium. Netrin-1 and UNC5B are deregulated in multiple cancers, including colorectal, neuroblastoma, and breast tumors. However, the detailed mechanism of UNC5B function is not fully understood. We have utilized the murine polyomavirus small T antigen (PyST) as a tool to study UNC5B-mediated apoptosis. PyST is known to induce mitotic arrest followed by extensive cell death in mammalian cells. Our results show that the expression of PyST increases mRNA levels of UNC5B by approximately 3-fold in osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) and also stabilizes UNC5B at the posttranslational level. Furthermore, UNC5B is upregulated predominantly in those cells that undergo mitotic arrest upon PyST expression. Interestingly, although its expression was previously reported to be regulated by p53, our data show that the increase in UNC5B levels by PyST is p53 independent. The posttranslational stabilization of UNC5B by PyST is regulated by the interaction of PyST with PP2A. We also show that netrin-1 expression, which is known to inhibit UNC5B apoptotic activity, promotes survival of PyST-expressing cells. Our results thus suggest an important role of UNC5B in small-T antigen-induced mitotic catastrophe that also requires PP2A.IMPORTANCE UNC5B, PP2A, and netrin-1 are deregulated in a variety of cancers. UNC5B and PP2A are regarded as tumor suppressors, as they promote apoptosis and are deleted or mutated in many cancers. In contrast, netrin-1 promotes survival by inhibiting dependence receptors, including UNC5B, and is upregulated in many cancers. Here, we show that UNC5B-mediated apoptosis can occur independently of p53 but in a PP2A-dependent manner. A substantial percentage of cancers arise due to p53 mutations and are insensitive to chemotherapeutic treatments that activate p53. Unexpectedly, treatment of cancers having functional p53 with many conventional drugs leads to the upregulation of netrin-1 through activated p53, which is counterintuitive. Therefore, understanding the p53-independent mechanisms of the netrin-UNC5B axis, such as those involving PP2A, assumes greater clinical significance. Anticancer strategies utilizing anti-netrin-1 antibody treatment are already in clinical trials.
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15
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Hüsemann LC, Reese A, Radine C, Piekorz RP, Budach W, Sohn D, Jänicke RU. The microtubule targeting agents eribulin and paclitaxel activate similar signaling pathways and induce cell death predominantly in a caspase-independent manner. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:464-478. [PMID: 31959066 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1716144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) are the most effective chemotherapeutics used in cancer therapy to date, but their clinical use is often hampered by the acquisition of resistance. Thereby, elucidation of the molecular signaling pathways activated by novel FDA-approved MTAs such as eribulin is important for future therapeutic applications. In contrast to several reports, we show here that regardless of the presence of caspase-3, clinically relevant concentrations of eribulin and the classical MTA paclitaxel predominantly induce caspase-independent cell death in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. On the molecular level, several key proteins involved in apoptosis such as p53, Plk1, caspase-2, and Bim as well as the two MAPKs ERK and JNK were activated by both compounds to a similar extent. However, none of them proved to be important for eribulin- and paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity, as their siRNA-mediated knockdown or inactivation by small molecule inhibitors did not alter cell death rates. In contrast, knockdown of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, which becomes heavily phosphorylated at Ser70 during MTA treatment, resulted surprisingly in a reduction of MTA-mediated cell death. This phenomenon can be most likely explained by our observation that the absence of Bcl-2 slowed down cell cycle progression resulting in fewer cells entering mitosis, thereby delaying the mitotic capability of these MTAs to induce cell death. Taken together, although eribulin and paclitaxel disturb the mitotic spindle differently, they exhibit no functional differences in downstream molecular cell death signaling in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Hüsemann
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Synthetic Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alina Reese
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Radine
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roland P Piekorz
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wilfried Budach
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dennis Sohn
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Reiner U Jänicke
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Du W, Hao X, Yuan Z, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu J. Shikonin potentiates paclitaxel antitumor efficacy in esophageal cancer cells via the apoptotic pathway. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3195-3201. [PMID: 31452796 PMCID: PMC6704285 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Shikonin is a natural naphthoquinone pigment that can suppress the growth of a number of cancer cell types. Paclitaxel is an antineoplastic chemotherapy drug, which is used for the treatment of various types of solid tumor cancer. However, acquired paclitaxel resistance results in the failure of therapy, and consequent metastasis and relapse. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether shikonin can sensitize esophageal cancer cells to paclitaxel-treatment and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The biological effects of these two agents on esophageal cancer cell lines KYSE270 and KYSE150 were investigated by MTT assay, cell cycle analysis, Annexin-V apoptosis assay, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results demonstrated that shikonin could significantly increase the cell growth inhibition effect induced by paclitaxel in the examined cell lines (P<0.001). The addition of shikonin to paclitaxel promoted cancer cell mitotic arrest and induced significantly higher levels of cell apoptosis. Notably, the mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2 were downregulated, while p53 was upregulated in KYSE270 and KYSE150 cells following combined treatment. In summary, shikonin can sensitize esophageal cancer cells to paclitaxel-treatment by promoting cell mitotic arrest and reinforcing the susceptibility of esophageal cancer cells to apoptosis induced by paclitaxel, which is potentially associated with altered levels of Bcl-2 and p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Hao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Zhili Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Gamage CDB, Park SY, Yang Y, Zhou R, Taş İ, Bae WK, Kim KK, Shim JH, Kim E, Yoon G, Kim H. Deoxypodophyllotoxin Exerts Anti-Cancer Effects on Colorectal Cancer Cells Through Induction of Apoptosis and Suppression of Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2612. [PMID: 31141929 PMCID: PMC6601030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT) is a cyclolignan compound that exerts anti-cancer effects against various types of cancers. DPT induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of breast, brain, prostate, gastric, lung, and cervical tumors. In this study, we sought to determine the effect of DPT on cell proliferation, apoptosis, motility, and tumorigenesis of three colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines: HT29, DLD1, and Caco2. DPT inhibited the proliferation of these cells. Specifically, the compound-induced mitotic arrest in CRC cells by destabilizing microtubules and activating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins (increasing Bcl-2 associated X (BAX) and decreasing B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL)) ultimately led to caspase-mediated apoptosis. In addition, DPT inhibited tumorigenesis in vitro, and in vivo skin xenograft experiments revealed that DPT significantly decreased tumor size and tumor weight. Taken together, our results suggest DPT to be a potent compound that is suitable for further exploration as a novel chemotherapeutic for human CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathurika D B Gamage
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaeutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Korea.
| | - So-Yeon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaeutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Korea.
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaeutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Korea.
| | - Rui Zhou
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaeutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Korea.
| | - İsa Taş
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaeutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Korea.
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Kyung Keun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, 1666 Yeongsan-ro, muan, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Eunae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 309 Philmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| | - Goo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, 1666 Yeongsan-ro, muan, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaeutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Korea.
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Patterson JC, Joughin BA, van de Kooij B, Lim DC, Lauffenburger DA, Yaffe MB. ROS and Oxidative Stress Are Elevated in Mitosis during Asynchronous Cell Cycle Progression and Are Exacerbated by Mitotic Arrest. Cell Syst 2019; 8:163-167.e2. [PMID: 30797774 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Although elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been observed in cancer cells and cancer cells aberrantly proliferate, it is not known whether the level of reactive oxygen species and the accumulation of oxidative damage to macromolecules vary across the cell cycle. Here, we measure the prevalence of reactive oxygen species and of biomolecule oxidation across the cell cycle in freely cycling cancer cells. We report that reactive oxygen species vary during the cell cycle and peak in mitosis, resulting in mitotic accumulation of oxidized protein cysteine residues. Prolonged mitotic arrest further increased the levels of ROS and the abundance of oxidatively damaged biomolecules, including cysteine-sulfenic-acid-containing proteins and 8-oxoguanine. These finding suggest that mitotic arrest agents may enhance the effects of ROS-dependent anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse C Patterson
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; MIT Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Brian A Joughin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; MIT Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Bert van de Kooij
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; MIT Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daniel C Lim
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; MIT Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Douglas A Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael B Yaffe
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; MIT Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Rubner S, Scharow A, Schubert S, Berg T. Selective Degradation of Polo-like Kinase 1 by a Hydrophobically Tagged Inhibitor of the Polo-Box Domain. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:17043-17047. [PMID: 30351497 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobic tagging (HT) of bioactive compounds can induce target degradation via the proteasomal pathway. The first application of hydrophobic tagging to an existing inhibitor of protein-protein interactions is now presented. We developed Poloxin-2HT by fusing an adamantyl tag to Poloxin-2, an inhibitor of the polo-box domain of the protein kinase Plk1, which is a target for tumor therapy. Poloxin-2HT selectively reduced the protein levels of Plk1 in HeLa cells and had a significantly stronger effect on cell viability and the induction of apoptosis than the untagged PBD inhibitor Poloxin-2. The change in cellular phenotype associated with the addition of the hydrophobic tag to Poloxin-2 demonstrated that Poloxin-2HT targets Plk1 in living cells. Our data validate hydrophobic tagging of selective inhibitors of protein-protein interactions as a novel strategy to target and destroy disease-relevant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Rubner
- Leipzig University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrej Scharow
- Leipzig University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Schubert
- Leipzig University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thorsten Berg
- Leipzig University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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20
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Mazzio EA, Soliman KFA. Whole-transcriptomic Profile of SK-MEL-3 Melanoma Cells Treated with the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor: Trichostatin A. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 15:349-364. [PMID: 30194076 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma cells can rapidly acquire phenotypic properties making them resistant to radiation and mainline chemotherapies such as decarbonize or kinase inhibitors that target RAS-proto-oncogene independent auto-activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/through dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK). Both drug resistance and inherent transition from melanocytic nevi to malignant melanoma involve the overexpression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and a B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this work, the effects of an HDAC class I and II inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) on the whole transcriptome of SK-MEL-3 cells carrying a BRAF mutation was examined. RESULTS The data obtained show that TSA was an extremely potent HDAC inhibitor within SK-MEL-3 nuclear lysates, where TSA was then optimized for appropriate sub-lethal concentrations for in vitro testing. The whole-transcriptome profile shows a basic phenotype dominance in the SK-MEL-3 cell line for i) synthesis of melanin, ii) phagosome acidification, iii) ATP hydrolysis-coupled proton pumps and iv) iron transport systems. While TSA did not affect the aforementioned major systems, it evoked a dramatic change to the transcriptome: reflected by a down-regulation of 810 transcripts and up-regulation of 833, with fold-change from -15.27 to +31.1 FC (p<0.00001). Largest differentials were found for the following transcripts: Up-regulated: Tetraspanin 13 (TSPAN13), serpin family i member 1 (SERPINI1), ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit beta 2 (ATP1B2), nicotinamide nucleotide adenylyl transferase 2 (NMNAT2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-like (PDGFRL), cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1), prostate androgen-regulated mucin-like protein 1 (PARM1), secretogranin II (SCG2), SYT11 (synaptotagmin 11), rhophilin associated tail protein 1 like (ROPN1L); down-regulated: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 (GALNT3), carbonic anhydrase 14 (CAXIV), BCL2-related protein A1 (BCL2A1), protein kinase C delta (PRKCD), transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 (TRPM1), ubiquitin associated protein 1 like (UBAP1L), glutathione peroxidase 8 (GPX8), interleukin 16 (IL16), tumor protein p53 (TP53), and serpin family H member 1 (SERPINH1). There was no change to any of the HDAC transcripts (class I, II and IV), the sirtuin HDAC family (1-6) or the BRAF proto-oncogene v 599 transcripts. However, the data showed that TSA down-regulated influential transcripts that drive the BRAF-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 oncogenic pathway (namely PRKCD and MYC proto-oncogene which negatively affected the cell-cycle distribution. Mitotic inhibition was corroborated by functional pathway analysis and flow cytometry confirming halt at the G2 phase, occurring in the absence of toxicity. CONCLUSION TSA does not alter HDAC transcripts nor BRAF itself, but down-regulates critical components of the MAPK/MEK/BRAF oncogenic pathway, initiating a mitotic arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Mazzio
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A and M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A and M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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21
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Abstract
Background Controlled inhibition of kinesin motor proteins is highly desired in the field of oncology. Among other interventions, there exists “targeted chemotherapeutic regime/options” of selective Eg5 competitive and allosteric inhibitors, inducing cancer cell apoptosis and tumor regression with improved safety profiles. Research question Though promising, such studies are still under clinical trials, for the discovery of efficient and least harmful Eg5 inhibitors. The aim of this research was to bridge the computational modeling approach with drug design and therapy of cancer cells. Methods A computational model, interfaced with the clinical data of “Eg5 dynamics” and “inhibitors” via special functions, is presented in this article. Comparisons are made for the drug efficacy, and the threshold values are predicted through numerical simulations. Results Results are obtained to depict the dynamics induced by ispinesib, when used as an inhibitor of kinesin Eg5, on cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Sherin
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shabieh Farwa
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Wah Cantt, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sohail
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Pakistan,
| | - Zhiwu Li
- Institute of Systems Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau.,School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - O Anwar Bég
- Fluid Mechanics, Spray Research Group, Mechanical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, G77, University of Salford, Manchester M54WT, UK
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22
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Yang SY, Lee HJ, Lee HC, Hwang YS, Park YH, Ono T, Han JY. The dynamic development of germ cells during chicken embryogenesis. Poult Sci 2018; 97:650-657. [PMID: 29126291 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate regulation of cell proliferation during embryogenesis is crucial for the maintenance of germness. An in-depth understanding of germ cell developmental processes may yield valuable information on germ cell biology and applied sciences. However, direct evidences about germ cell proliferation and cell cycling during avian embryonic development has not been well-studied. Thus, we explored chicken germ cell dynamics during embryonic development via flow cytometry employing a germ cell-specific anti-cVASA antibody (the chicken VASA homolog is termed CVH) and propidium iodide staining. The numbers of male germ cells increased significantly during early embryonic development, but proliferation was decreased significantly with accumulation at the G0/G1 phase after embryonic d 14 (E.14), indicating initiation of mitotic arrest in the testis. On the other hand, the number of female germ cells increased significantly throughout embryogenesis, and proliferating cells were continuously evident in the ovary to the time of hatching, although gradual accumulation of cells at the G2/M phase was also evident. 5-ethynyl-2΄-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation analysis revealed that populations of mitotically active germ cells existed in both sexes during late embryogenesis, indicating either the maintenance of stem cell populations, or asynchronous meiosis. Collectively, these results indicate that chicken germ cells exhibited conserved developmental processes that were clearly sexually dimorphic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yeong Yang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyung Chul Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Young Sun Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tamao Ono
- Division of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
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23
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Samanta SK, Lee J, Hahm ER, Singh SV. Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1 regulates withaferin A-mediated cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:936-946. [PMID: 29603395 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have reported previously that withaferin A (WA) prevents breast cancer development in mouse mammary tumor virus-neu (MMTV-neu) transgenic mice, but the mechanism is not fully understood. Unbiased proteomics of the mammary tumors from control- and WA-treated MMTV-neu mice revealed downregulation of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (Pin1) protein by WA administration. The present study extends these findings to elucidate the role of Pin1 in cancer chemopreventive mechanisms of WA. The mammary tumor level of Pin1 protein was lower by about 55% in WA-treated rats exposed to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, compared to control. Exposure of MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 human breast cancer cells to WA resulted in downregulation of Pin1 protein. Ectopic expression of Pin1 attenuated G2 and/or mitotic arrest resulting from WA treatment in both MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cells. WA-induced apoptosis was increased by Pin1 overexpression in MCF-7 cells but not in the SK-BR-3 cell line. In addition, molecular docking followed by mass spectrometry indicated covalent interaction of WA with cysteine 113 of Pin1. Overexpression of Pin1C113A mutant failed to attenuate WA-induced mitotic arrest or apoptosis in the MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, antibody array revealed upregulation of proapoptotic insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), including IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5, and IGFBP-6, in Pin1 overexpressing MCF-7 cells following WA treatment when compared to empty vector transfected control cells. These data support a crucial role of the Pin1 for mitotic arrest and apoptosis signaling by WA at least in the MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman K Samanta
- Life Science Division, Institute of Advance Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
| | - Joomin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ryeong Hahm
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shivendra V Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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24
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Chao MW, Huang HL, HuangFu WC, Hsu KC, Liu YM, Wu YW, Lin CF, Chen YL, Lai MJ, Lee HY, Liou JP, Teng CM, Yang CR. An oral quinoline derivative, MPT0B392, causes leukemic cells mitotic arrest and overcomes drug resistant cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:27772-27785. [PMID: 28186963 PMCID: PMC5438607 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite great advances in the treatment of acute leukemia, a renaissance of current chemotherapy needs to be improved. The present study elucidates the underlying mechanism of a new synthetic quinoline derivative, MPT0B392 (B392) against acute leukemia and its potential anticancer effect in drug resistant cells. B392 caused mitotic arrest and ultimately led to apoptosis. It was further demonstrated to be a novel microtubule-depolymerizing agent. The effects of oral administration of B392 showed relative potent anti-leukemia activity in an in vivo xenograft model. Further investigation revealed that B392 triggered induction of the mitotic arrest, followed by mitochondrial membrane potential loss and caspases cleavage by activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In addition, B392 enhanced the cytotoxicity of sirolimus in sirolimus-resistant acute leukemic cells through inhibition of Akt/mTOR pathway and Mcl-1 protein expression, and also was active in the p-glycoprotein (p-gp)-overexpressing National Cancer Institute/Adriamycin-Resistant cells with little susceptibility to p-gp. Taken together, B392 has potential as an oral mitotic drug and adjunct treatment for drug resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Wu Chao
- The Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Han-Li Huang
- The Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun HuangFu
- The Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Hsu
- The Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Min Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Feng Lin
- The Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Chen
- The Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jung Lai
- Translational Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Che-Ming Teng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ron Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
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25
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Hasanpourghadi M, Pandurangan AK, Karthikeyan C, Trivedi P, Mustafa MR. Mechanisms of the anti-tumor activity of Methyl 2-(-5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-1 H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-carboxylate against breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28840-28853. [PMID: 28392503 PMCID: PMC5438696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule Targeting Agents (MTAs) induce cell death through mitotic arrest, preferentially affecting rapidly dividing cancer cells over slowly proliferating normal cells. Previously, we showed that Methyl 2-(-5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-carboxylate (MBIC) acts as a potential MTA. In this study, we demonstrated that MBIC exhibits greater toxicity towards non-aggressive breast cancer cell-line, MCF-7 (IC50 = 0.73 ± 0.0 μM) compared to normal fibroblast cell-line, L-cells (IC50 = 59.6 ± 2.5 μM). The IC50 of MBIC against the aggressive breast cancer cell-line, MDA-MB-231 was 20.4 ± 0.2 μM. We hypothesized that the relatively high resistance of MDA-MB-231 cells to MBIC is associated with p53 mutation. We investigated p53 and three of its downstream proteins: survivin, cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk1) and cyclin B1. Following treatment with MBIC, survivin co-immunoprecipitated with caspases with higher affinity in MDA-MB-231 compared to MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, silencing survivin caused a 4.5-fold increase in sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cells to MBIC (IC50 = 4.4 ± 0.3). In addition, 4 weeks of MBIC administration in MDA-MB-231 cells inoculated BALB/c nude mice resulted in 79.7% reduction of tumor volume compared to the untreated group with no severe sign of toxicity. Our results demonstrated MBIC has multiple anti-tumor actions and could be a potential drug in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Hasanpourghadi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ashok Kumar Pandurangan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Chandrabose Karthikeyan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, 462033, India
| | - Piyush Trivedi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, 462033, India
| | - Mohd Rais Mustafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
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26
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Haschka M, Karbon G, Fava LL, Villunger A. Perturbing mitosis for anti-cancer therapy: is cell death the only answer? EMBO Rep 2018; 19:e45440. [PMID: 29459486 PMCID: PMC5836099 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201745440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interfering with mitosis for cancer treatment is an old concept that has proven highly successful in the clinics. Microtubule poisons are used to treat patients with different types of blood or solid cancer since more than 20 years, but how these drugs achieve clinical response is still unclear. Arresting cells in mitosis can promote their demise, at least in a petri dish. Yet, at the molecular level, this type of cell death is poorly defined and cancer cells often find ways to escape. The signaling pathways activated can lead to mitotic slippage, cell death, or senescence. Therefore, any attempt to unravel the mechanistic action of microtubule poisons will have to investigate aspects of cell cycle control, cell death initiation in mitosis and after slippage, at single-cell resolution. Here, we discuss possible mechanisms and signaling pathways controlling cell death in mitosis or after escape from mitotic arrest, as well as secondary consequences of mitotic errors, particularly sterile inflammation, and finally address the question how clinical efficacy of anti-mitotic drugs may come about and could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Haschka
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerlinde Karbon
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Luca L Fava
- Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Povo, Italy
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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27
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Chu R, Alford SE, Hart K, Kothari A, Mackintosh SG, Kovak MR, Chambers TC. Mitotic arrest-induced phosphorylation of Mcl-1 revisited using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and phosphoproteomics: nine phosphorylation sites identified. Oncotarget 2016; 7:78958-70. [PMID: 27738316 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule targeting agents (MTAs) characteristically promote phosphorylation and degradation of Mcl-1, and this represents a critical pro-apoptotic signal in mitotic death. While several phosphorylation sites and kinases have been implicated in mitotic arrest-induced Mcl-1 phosphorylation, a comprehensive biochemical analysis has been lacking. Contrary to previous reports suggesting that T92 phosphorylation by Cdk1 regulates Mcl-1 degradation, a T92A Mcl-1 mutant expressed in HeLa cells was phosphorylated and degraded with the same kinetics as wild-type Mcl-1 following vinblastine treatment. Similarly, when Mcl-1 with alanine replacements of all five putative Cdk sites (S64, T92, S121, S159, T163) was expressed, it was also phosphorylated and degraded in response to vinblastine. To analyze Mcl-1 phosphorylation in more detail, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) was performed. While untreated cells expressed mainly unphosphorylated Mcl-1 with two minor phosphorylated species, Mcl-1 from vinblastine treated cells migrated during 2D-PAGE as a train of acidic spots representing nine or more phosphorylated species. Immunopurification and mass spectrometry of phosphorylated Mcl-1 derived from mitotically arrested HeLa cells revealed nine distinct sites, including several previously unreported. Mcl-1 bearing substitutions of all nine sites had a longer half-life than wild-type Mcl-1 under basal conditions, but still underwent phosphorylation and degradation in response to vinblastine treatment, and, like wild-type Mcl-1, was unable to protect cells from MTA treatment. These results reveal an unexpected complexity in Mcl-1 phosphorylation in response to MTAs and indicate that previous work has severely underestimated the number of sites, and thus encourage major revisions to the current model.
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28
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Olson OC, Kim H, Quail DF, Foley EA, Joyce JA. Tumor-Associated Macrophages Suppress the Cytotoxic Activity of Antimitotic Agents. Cell Rep 2017; 19:101-113. [PMID: 28380350 PMCID: PMC5614506 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimitotic agents, including Taxol, disrupt microtubule dynamics and cause a protracted mitotic arrest and subsequent cell death. Despite the broad utility of these drugs in breast cancer and other tumor types, clinical response remains variable. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) suppress the duration of Taxol-induced mitotic arrest in breast cancer cells and promote earlier mitotic slippage. This correlates with a decrease in the phosphorylated form of histone H2AX (γH2AX), decreased p53 activation, and reduced cancer cell death in interphase. TAMs promote cancer cell viability following mitotic slippage in a manner sensitive to MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibition. Acute depletion of major histocompatibility complex class II low (MHCIIlo) TAMs increased Taxol-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in cancer cells, leading to greater efficacy in intervention trials. MEK inhibition blocked the protective capacity of TAMs and phenocopied the effects of TAM depletion on Taxol treatment. TAMs suppress the cytotoxic effects of Taxol, in part through cell non-autonomous modulation of mitotic arrest in cancer cells, and targeting TAM-cancer cell interactions potentiates Taxol efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oakley C Olson
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hyunjung Kim
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daniela F Quail
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emily A Foley
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Johanna A Joyce
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1066 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, 1066 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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29
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Tanabe K. Microtubule Depolymerization by Kinase Inhibitors: Unexpected Findings of Dual Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122508. [PMID: 29168788 PMCID: PMC5751111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents are widely used as clinical drugs in the treatment of cancer. However, some kinase inhibitors can also disrupt microtubule organization by directly binding to tubulin. These unexpected effects may result in a plethora of harmful events and/or a misinterpretation of the experimental results. Thus, further studies are needed to understand these dual inhibitors. In this review, I discuss the roles of dual inhibitors of kinase activity and microtubule function as well as describe the properties underlining their dual roles. Since both kinase and microtubule inhibitors cause cell toxicity and cell cycle arrest, it is difficult to determine which inhibitor is responsible for each phenotype. A discrimination of cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 or G2/M and/or image analyses of cellular phenotype may eventually lead to new insights on drug duality. Because of the indispensable roles of microtubules in mitosis and vesicle transport, I propose a simple and easy method to identify microtubule depolymerizing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Tanabe
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
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30
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Taylor C, Mannion D, Miranda F, Karaminejadranjbar M, Herrero-Gonzalez S, Hellner K, Zheng Y, Bartholomeusz G, Bast RC, Ahmed AA. Loss of PFKFB4 induces cell death in mitotically arrested ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17960-17980. [PMID: 28152500 PMCID: PMC5392300 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxanes represent some of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents for ovarian cancer treatment. However, they are only effective in approximately 40% of patients. Novel therapeutic strategies are required to potentiate their effect and improve patient outcome. A hallmark of many cancers is the constitutive activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, which drives cell survival and metabolism. We discovered a striking decrease in AKT activity coupled with a significant reduction in glucose 6-phosphate and ATP levels during mitotic arrest in the majority of ovarian cancer cell lines tested, indicating a potential metabolic vulnerability. A high-content siRNA screen to detect novel metabolic targets in mitotically arrested ovarian cancer cells identified the glycolytic enzyme PFKFB4. PFKFB4 depletion increased caspase 3/7 activity, and levels of reactive oxygen species only in mitotically arrested cells, and significantly enhanced mitotic cell death after paclitaxel treatment. Depletion of PFKFB3 demonstrated a similar phenotype. The observation that some ovarian cancer cells lose AKT activity during mitotic arrest and become vulnerable to metabolic targeting is a new concept in cancer therapy. Thus, combining mitotic-targeted therapies with glycolytic inhibitors may act to potentiate the effects of antimitotics in ovarian cancer through mitosis-specific cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Taylor
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - David Mannion
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Fabrizio Miranda
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Mohammad Karaminejadranjbar
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Sandra Herrero-Gonzalez
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Karin Hellner
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yiyan Zheng
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Geoffrey Bartholomeusz
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert C Bast
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ahmed Ashour Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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31
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Lorz A, Botesteanu DA, Levy D. Modeling Cancer Cell Growth Dynamics In vitro in Response to Antimitotic Drug Treatment. Front Oncol 2017; 7:189. [PMID: 28913178 PMCID: PMC5582072 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating the role of intrinsic cell heterogeneity emerging from variations in cell-cycle parameters and apoptosis is a crucial step toward better informing drug administration. Antimitotic agents, widely used in chemotherapy, target exclusively proliferative cells and commonly induce a prolonged mitotic arrest followed by cell death via apoptosis. In this paper, we developed a physiologically motivated mathematical framework for describing cancer cell growth dynamics that incorporates the intrinsic heterogeneity in the time individual cells spend in the cell-cycle and apoptosis process. More precisely, our model comprises two age-structured partial differential equations for the proliferative and apoptotic cell compartments and one ordinary differential equation for the quiescent compartment. To reflect the intrinsic cell heterogeneity that governs the growth dynamics, proliferative and apoptotic cells are structured in "age," i.e., the amount of time remaining to be spent in each respective compartment. In our model, we considered an antimitotic drug whose effect on the cellular dynamics is to induce mitotic arrest, extending the average cell-cycle length. The prolonged mitotic arrest induced by the drug can trigger apoptosis if the time a cell will spend in the cell cycle is greater than the mitotic arrest threshold. We studied the drug's effect on the long-term cancer cell growth dynamics using different durations of prolonged mitotic arrest induced by the drug. Our numerical simulations suggest that at confluence and in the absence of the drug, quiescence is the long-term asymptotic behavior emerging from the cancer cell growth dynamics. This pattern is maintained in the presence of small increases in the average cell-cycle length. However, intermediate increases in cell-cycle length markedly decrease the total number of cells and can drive the cancer population to extinction. Intriguingly, a large "switch-on/switch-off" increase in the average cell-cycle length maintains an active cell population in the long term, with oscillating numbers of proliferative cells and a relatively constant quiescent cell number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lorz
- CEMSE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, Paris, France
| | - Dana-Adriana Botesteanu
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Mathematics and Center for Scientific Computation and Mathematical Modeling (CSCAMM), University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Doron Levy
- Department of Mathematics and Center for Scientific Computation and Mathematical Modeling (CSCAMM), University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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32
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Chen F, Zhuo X, Qin T, Guo X, Zhang C, Lai L. Designed inhibitor for nuclear localization signal of polo-like kinase 1 induces mitotic arrest. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 89:732-740. [PMID: 27882722 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), a member of polo-like kinase family, regulates multiple essential steps of the cell cycle progression. Plk1 is overexpressed in multiple cancer cell lines and considered to be a prime anticancer target. Plk1 accumulates in the nucleus during S and G2 phases by its bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) sequence, which is crucial for Plk1 regulation during normal cell cycle progression. Here, through combined computational and experimental studies, we identified compound D110, which inhibits Plk1 kinase activity with an IC50 of 85 nm and blocks the nuclear localization of Plk1 during S and G2 phases. D110-treated cancer cells were arrested at mitosis with monopolar spindle, indicating the inhibition of the Plk1 kinase activity in cell. As D110 interacts with both the ATP site and the NLS in Plk1, it demonstrates good selectivity toward Plk2 and Plk3. The strategy of simultaneously inhibiting kinase activity and its subcellular translocations offers a novel approach for selective kinase inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjin Chen
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhuo
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tan Qin
- BNLMS, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanmao Zhang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Luhua Lai
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- BNLMS, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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33
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Ritter A, Friemel A, Kreis NN, Louwen F, Yuan J. Impact of Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitors on human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:84271-84285. [PMID: 27713178 PMCID: PMC5356661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) has been established as one of the most promising targets for molecular anticancer intervention. In fact, various Plk1 inhibitors have been identified and characterized. While the data derived from the bench are prospective, the clinical outcomes are less encouraging by showing modest efficacy. One of the explanations for this discrepancy could be unintendedly targeting of non-malignant cells by Plk1 inhibitors. In this work, we have addressed the effect of Plk1 inhibition in adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). We show that both visceral and subcutaneous ASCs display monopolar spindles, reduced viability and strong apoptosis induction upon treatment with BI 2536 and BI 6727, the Plk1 kinase domain inhibitors, and with Poloxin, the regulatory Polo-box domain inhibitor. While Poloxin triggers quickly apoptosis, BI 2536 and BI 6727 result in mitotic arrest in ASCs. Importantly, survived ASCs exhibit DNA damage and a pronounced senescent phenotype. In addition, Plk1 inhibition impairs ASCs' motility and homing ability. These results show that Plk1 inhibitors target slowly proliferating ASCs, an important population of anti-inflammation and immune modulation. The toxic effects on primary cells like ASCs could be partially responsible for the reported moderate antitumor activity in patients treated with Plk1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ritter
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friemel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina-Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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34
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Duminuco R, Noble JW, Goody J, Sharma M, Ksander BR, Roskelley CD, Cox ME, Mills J. Integrin-linked kinase regulates senescence in an Rb-dependent manner in cancer cell lines. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:2924-37. [PMID: 26176204 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1064205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-integrin-linked kinase (ILK) therapies result in aberrant mitosis including altered mitotic spindle organization, centrosome declustering and mitotic arrest. In contrast to cells that expressed the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein Rb, we have shown that in retinoblastoma cell lines that do not express Rb, anti-ILK therapies induced aberrant mitosis that led to the accumulation of temporarily viable multinucleated cells. The present work was undertaken to: 1) determine the ultimate fate of cells that had survived anti-ILK therapies and 2) determine whether or not Rb expression altered the outcome of these cells. Our data indicate that ILK, a chemotherapy drug target is expressed in both well-differentiated, Rb-negative and relatively undifferentiated, Rb-positive retinoblastoma tissue. We show that small molecule targeting of ILK in Rb-positive and Rb-deficient cancer cells results in increased centrosomal declustering, aberrant mitotic spindle formation and multinucleation. However, anti-ILK therapies in vitro have different outcomes in retinoblastoma and glioblastoma cell lines that depend on Rb expression. TUNEL labeling and propidium iodide FACS analysis indicate that Rb-positive cells exposed to anti-ILK therapies are more susceptible to apoptosis and senescence than their Rb-deficient counterparts wherein aberrant mitosis induced by anti-ILK therapies exhibit mitotic arrest instead. These studies are the first to show a role for ILK in chemotherapy-induced senescence in Rb-positive cancer lines. Taken together these results indicate that the oncosuppressive outcomes for anti-ILK therapies in vitro, depend on the expression of the tumor suppressor Rb, a known G1 checkpoint and senescence regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Duminuco
- a Department of Biology ; Trinity Western University ; Langley , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Jake W Noble
- a Department of Biology ; Trinity Western University ; Langley , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Joseph Goody
- a Department of Biology ; Trinity Western University ; Langley , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Manju Sharma
- b Vancouver Prostate Center; Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute ; Vancouver , British Columbia
| | - Bruce R Ksander
- d Department of Ophthalmology ; Schepens Eye Research Institute; Harvard Medical School ; Boston , Massachusetts , United States of America
| | - Calvin D Roskelley
- c Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences ; University of British Columbia ; Canada
| | - Michael E Cox
- b Vancouver Prostate Center; Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute ; Vancouver , British Columbia
| | - Julia Mills
- a Department of Biology ; Trinity Western University ; Langley , British Columbia , Canada.,e Adjunct in the Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry ; Simon Fraser University ; Burnaby , British Columbia , Canada
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35
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Rajasekaran D, Siddiq A, Willoughby JLS, Biagi JM, Christadore LM, Yunes SA, Gredler R, Jariwala N, Robertson CL, Akiel MA, Shen XN, Subler MA, Windle JJ, Schaus SE, Fisher PB, Hansen U, Sarkar D. Small molecule inhibitors of Late SV40 Factor (LSF) abrogate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): Evaluation using an endogenous HCC model. Oncotarget 2016; 6:26266-77. [PMID: 26313006 PMCID: PMC4694900 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis. Oncogenic transcription factor Late SV40 Factor (LSF) plays an important role in promoting HCC. A small molecule inhibitor of LSF, Factor Quinolinone Inhibitor 1 (FQI1), significantly inhibited human HCC xenografts in nude mice without harming normal cells. Here we evaluated the efficacy of FQI1 and another inhibitor, FQI2, in inhibiting endogenous hepatocarcinogenesis. HCC was induced in a transgenic mouse with hepatocyte-specific overexpression of c-myc (Alb/c-myc) by injecting N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) followed by FQI1 or FQI2 treatment after tumor development. LSF inhibitors markedly decreased tumor burden in Alb/c-myc mice with a corresponding decrease in proliferation and angiogenesis. Interestingly, in vitro treatment of human HCC cells with LSF inhibitors resulted in mitotic arrest with an accompanying increase in CyclinB1. Inhibition of CyclinB1 induction by Cycloheximide or CDK1 activity by Roscovitine significantly prevented FQI-induced mitotic arrest. A significant induction of apoptosis was also observed upon treatment with FQI. These effects of LSF inhibition, mitotic arrest and induction of apoptosis by FQI1s provide multiple avenues by which these inhibitors eliminate HCC cells. LSF inhibitors might be highly potent and effective therapeutics for HCC either alone or in combination with currently existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraja Rajasekaran
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ayesha Siddiq
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jennifer L S Willoughby
- Department of Biology, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jessica M Biagi
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lisa M Christadore
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sarah A Yunes
- Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rachel Gredler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Chadia L Robertson
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Maaged A Akiel
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Mark A Subler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jolene J Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Scott E Schaus
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ulla Hansen
- Department of Biology, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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36
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Abstract
Paclitaxel (taxol) is a chemotherapeutic agent frequently used in combination with other anti-neoplastic drugs. It is most effective during the M phase of the cell-cycle and tends to cause synchronization in malignant cells lines. In this study, we investigated whether timed, sequential treatment based on the cell-cycle characteristics could be exploited to enhance the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel. We characterized the cell-cycle properties of a rapidly multiplying cell line (Sp2, mouse myeloma cells) by propidium-iodide DNA staining such as the lengths of various cell cycle phases and population duplication time. Based on this we designed a paclitaxel treatment protocol that comprised a primary and a secondary, timed treatment. We found that the first paclitaxel treatment synchronized the cells at the G2/M phase but releasing the block by stopping the treatment allowed a large number of cells to enter the next cell-cycle by a synchronized manner. The second treatment was most effective during the time when these cells approached the next G2/M phase and was least effective when it occurred after the peak time of this next G2/M phase. Moreover, we found that after mixing Sp2 cells with another, significantly slower multiplying cell type (Jurkat human T-cell leukemia) at an initial ratio of 1:1, the ratio of the two different cell types could be influenced by timed sequential paclitaxel treatment at will. Our results demonstrate that knowledge of the cell-cycle parameters of a specific malignant cell type could improve the effectivity of the chemotherapy. Implementing timed chemotherapeutic treatments could increase the cytotoxicity on the malignant cells but also decrease the side-effects since other, non-malignant cell types will have different cell-cycle characteristic and be out of synch during the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Fisi
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Emese Kátai
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Péter Bogner
- b Department of Radiology , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Attila Miseta
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Tamás Nagy
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
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37
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Xie S, Ogden A, Aneja R, Zhou J. Microtubule-Binding Proteins as Promising Biomarkers of Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Cancer Chemotherapy. Med Res Rev 2015; 36:300-12. [PMID: 26332739 DOI: 10.1002/med.21378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules, tirelessly animated and highly dynamic structures, are vital for most cellular processes and their intricacies are still being revealed even after a century since their discovery. The importance of microtubules as chemotherapeutic targets cannot be overstated, and their clinical role is unlikely to abate in the near future. Indeed, improved understanding of microtubule biology could herald a new epoch of anticancer drug design by permitting fine-tuning of microtubule-targeting agents, the clinical utility of which is presently often limited by primary or acquired resistance. Paclitaxel, one such agent belonging to the taxane family, has proven a resoundingly successful treatment for many cancer patients; however, for too many others with paclitaxel-refractory tumors, the drug has offered nothing but side effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that microtubule-binding proteins (MBPs) can regulate paclitaxel sensitivity in a wide range of cancer types. Improved understanding of how these proteins can be assayed to predict treatment responses or manipulated pharmacologically to improve clinical outcomes could transform modern chemotherapy and is urgently awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Angela Ogden
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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38
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Cattin CJ, Düggelin M, Martinez-Martin D, Gerber C, Müller DJ, Stewart MP. Mechanical control of mitotic progression in single animal cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:11258-63. [PMID: 26305930 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1502029112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of mitotic cell rounding in tissue development and cell proliferation, there remains a paucity of approaches to investigate the mechanical robustness of cell rounding. Here we introduce ion beam-sculpted microcantilevers that enable precise force-feedback-controlled confinement of single cells while characterizing their progression through mitosis. We identify three force regimes according to the cell response: small forces (∼5 nN) that accelerate mitotic progression, intermediate forces where cells resist confinement (50-100 nN), and yield forces (>100 nN) where a significant decline in cell height impinges on microtubule spindle function, thereby inhibiting mitotic progression. Yield forces are coincident with a nonlinear drop in cell height potentiated by persistent blebbing and loss of cortical F-actin homogeneity. Our results suggest that a buildup of actomyosin-dependent cortical tension and intracellular pressure precedes mechanical failure, or herniation, of the cell cortex at the yield force. Thus, we reveal how the mechanical properties of mitotic cells and their response to external forces are linked to mitotic progression under conditions of mechanical confinement.
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39
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Yang Y, Ran J, Sun L, Sun X, Luo Y, Yan B, Tala, Liu M, Li D, Zhang L, Bao G, Zhou J. CYLD Regulates Noscapine Activity in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia via a Microtubule-Dependent Mechanism. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:656-66. [PMID: 25897332 PMCID: PMC4402491 DOI: 10.7150/thno.10844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Noscapine is an orally administrable drug used worldwide for cough suppression and has recently been demonstrated to disrupt microtubule dynamics and possess anticancer activity. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating noscapine activity remain poorly defined. Here we demonstrate that cylindromatosis (CYLD), a microtubule-associated tumor suppressor protein, modulates the activity of noscapine both in cell lines and in primary cells of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy reveal that CYLD increases the ability of noscapine to induce mitotic arrest and apoptosis. Examination of cellular microtubules as well as in vitro assembled microtubules shows that CYLD enhances the effect of noscapine on microtubule polymerization. Microtubule cosedimentation and fluorescence titration assays further reveal that CYLD interacts with microtubule outer surface and promotes noscapine binding to microtubules. These findings thus demonstrate CYLD as a critical regulator of noscapine activity and have important implications for ALL treatment.
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40
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Zhu Y, Zhou Y, Shi J. Post-slippage multinucleation renders cytotoxic variation in anti-mitotic drugs that target the microtubules or mitotic spindle. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:1756-64. [PMID: 24694730 DOI: 10.4161/cc.28672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
One common cancer chemotherapeutic strategy is to perturb cell division with anti-mitotic drugs. Paclitaxel, the classic microtubule-targeting anti-mitotic drug, so far still outperforms the newer, more spindle-specific anti-mitotics in the clinic, but the underlying cellular mechanism is poorly understood. In this study we identified post-slippage multinucleation, which triggered extensive DNA damage and apoptosis after drug-induced mitotic slippage, contributes to the extra cytotoxicity of paclitaxel in comparison to the spindle-targeting drug, Kinesin-5 inhibitor. Based on quantitative single-cell microscopy assays, we showed that attenuation of the degree of post-slippage multinucleation significantly reduced DNA damage and apoptosis in response to paclitaxel, and that post-slippage apoptosis was likely mediated by the p53-dependent DNA damage response pathway. Paclitaxel appeared to act as a double-edge sword, capable of killing proliferating cancer cells both during mitotic arrest and after mitotic slippage by inducing DNA damage. Our results thus suggest that to predict drug response to paclitaxel and anti-mitotics in general, 2 distinct sets of bio-markers, which regulate mitotic and post-slippage cytotoxicity, respectively, may need to be considered. Our findings provide important new insight not only for elucidating the cytotoxic mechanisms of paclitaxel, but also for understanding the variable efficacy of different anti-mitotic chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Zhu
- Center for Quantitative Systems Biology; Department of Biology and Department of Physics; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Center for Quantitative Systems Biology; Department of Biology and Department of Physics; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong, China
| | - Jue Shi
- Center for Quantitative Systems Biology; Department of Biology and Department of Physics; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong, China
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41
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Longhin E, Holme JA, Gutzkow KB, Arlt VM, Kucab JE, Camatini M, Gualtieri M. Cell cycle alterations induced by urban PM2.5 in bronchial epithelial cells: characterization of the process and possible mechanisms involved. Part Fibre Toxicol 2013; 10:63. [PMID: 24354623 PMCID: PMC3878321 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explores and characterizes cell cycle alterations induced by urban PM2.5 in the human epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, and elucidates possible mechanisms involved. METHODS The cells were exposed to a low dose (7.5 μg/cm(2)) of Milan winter PM2.5 for different time points, and the cell cycle progression was analyzed by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. Activation of proteins involved in cell cycle control was investigated by Western blotting and DNA damage by (32)P-postlabelling, immunostaining and comet assay. The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was quantified by flow cytometry. The role of PM organic fraction versus washed PM on the cell cycle alterations was also examined. Finally, the molecular pathways activated were further examined using specific inhibitors. RESULTS Winter PM2.5 induced marked cell cycle alteration already after 3 h of exposure, represented by an increased number of cells (transient arrest) in G2. This effect was associated with an increased phosphorylation of Chk2, while no changes in p53 phosphorylation were observed at this time point. The increase in G2 was followed by a transient arrest in the metaphase/anaphase transition point (10 h), which was associated with the presence of severe mitotic spindle aberrations. The metaphase/anaphase delay was apparently followed by mitotic slippage at 24 h, resulting in an increased number of tetraploid G1 cells and cells with micronuclei (MN), and by apoptosis at 40 h. Winter PM2.5 increased the level of ROS at 2 h and DNA damage (8-oxodG, single- and double stand breaks) was detected after 3 h of exposure. The PM organic fraction caused a similar G2/M arrest and augmented ROS formation, while washed PM had no such effects. DNA adducts were detected after 24 h. Both PM-induced DNA damage and G2 arrest were inhibited by the addition of antioxidants and α-naphthoflavone, suggesting the involvement of ROS and reactive electrophilic metabolites formed via a P450-dependent reaction. CONCLUSIONS Milan winter PM2.5 rapidly induces severe cell cycle alterations, resulting in increased frequency of cells with double nuclei and MN. This effect is related to the metabolic activation of PM2.5 organic chemicals, which cause damages to DNA and spindle apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Longhin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, POLARIS Research Centre, University Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen N-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine B Gutzkow
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen N-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE-Centre for Environment and Health, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Jill E Kucab
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE-Centre for Environment and Health, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Marina Camatini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, POLARIS Research Centre, University Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gualtieri
- Department of Environmental Sciences, POLARIS Research Centre, University Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
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Abstract
Gamma secretase inhibitors (GSI), cell-permeable small-molecule inhibitors of gamma secretase activity, had been originally developed for the treatment of Alzheimer disease. In recent years, it has been exploited in cancer research to inhibit Notch signaling that is aberrantly activated in various cancers. We previously found that GSI could synergize with anti-microtubule agent, vincristine (VCR) in a Notch-independent manner. Here, we delineate the underlying cell cycle-related mechanism using HeLa cells, which have strong mitotic checkpoints. GSI enhanced VCR-induced cell death, although GSI alone did not affect cell viability at all. GSI augmented VCR-induced mitotic arrest in a dose-dependent manner, which was preceded by apoptotic cell death, as shown by an increase in Annexin V-positive and caspase-positive cell population. Furthermore, GSI amplified multi-polar spindle formation triggered by VCR. Altogether, we show the evidence that GSI enhances VCR-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells via multi-polar mitotic spindle formation, independent of Notch signaling. These data suggest that one or more GS substrates, yet to be identified, in a post-GS processed form, may play a role in maintaining functional centrosomes/mitotic spindles. More significantly, the synergistic effect of GSI in combination with VCR could be exploited in clinical setting to improve the efficacy of VCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akannsha Singh
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology; Ochsner Clinic Foundation; New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Mariana C Zapata
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology; Ochsner Clinic Foundation; New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Yong Sung Choi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology; Ochsner Clinic Foundation; New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Sun-Ok Yoon
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology; Ochsner Clinic Foundation; New Orleans, LA USA
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Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS, Morales AG, de Oliveira JC, de Oliveira HF, Scrideli CA, Tone LG. Inhibition of polo-like kinase 1 induces cell cycle arrest and sensitizes glioblastoma cells to ionizing radiation. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2013; 28:516-22. [PMID: 23713868 PMCID: PMC3741430 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts to improve surgical, radiologic, and chemotherapeutic strategies, the outcome of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) is still poor. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays key roles in cell cycle control and has been associated with tumor growth and prognosis. Here, we aimed at testing the radiosensitizing effects of the PLK1 inhibitor BI 2536 on eight GBM cell lines. For cell cycle analysis, T98G, U251, U343 MG-a, LN319, SF188, U138 MG, and U87 MG cell lines were treated with 10, 50, or 100 nM of BI 2536 for 24 hours. In addition, cell cultures exposed to BI 2536 50 nM for 24 hours were irradiated with γ-rays from (60)Cobalt source at final doses of 2, 4, and 6 Gy. Combinatorial effects were evaluated through proliferation and clonogenic capacity assays. Treatment with BI 2536 caused mitotic arrest after 24 hours, and increased apoptosis in GBM cells. Moreover, our results demonstrate that pretreatment with this drug sensitized six out of seven GBM cell lines to different doses of γ-irradiation as shown by decreased growth and abrogation of colony-formation capacity. Our data suggest that PLK1 blockage has a radiosensitizing effect on GBM, which could improve treatment strategies for this devastating tumor.
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Zhang GJ, Chen TB, Davide J, Tao W, Vanko A, Connolly B, Williams DL, Sur C. Visualization of mitotic arrest of cell cycle with bioluminescence imaging in living animals. Mol Imaging Biol 2013; 15:431-40. [PMID: 23440602 PMCID: PMC3708287 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-013-0619-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Visualization of the cell cycle in living subjects has long been a big challenge. The present study aimed to noninvasively visualize mitotic arrest of the cell cycle with an optical reporter in living subjects. PROCEDURES An N-terminal cyclin B1-luciferase fusion construct (cyclin B-Luc) controlled by the cyclin B promoter, as a mitosis reporter, was generated. HeLa or HCT116 cells stably expressing cyclin B-Luc reporter were used to evaluate its cell cycle-dependent regulation and ubiquitination-mediated degradation. We also evaluated its feasibility to monitor the mitotic arrest caused by Taxotere both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We showed that the cyclin B-Luc fusion protein was regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner and accumulated in the mitotic phase (M phase) in cellular assays. The regulation of cyclin B-Luc reporter was mediated by proteasome ubiquitination. In the present study, in vitro imaging showed that antimitotic reagents like Taxotere upregulated the reporter through cell cycle arrest in the M phase. Noninvasive longitudinal bioluminescence imaging further demonstrated an upregulation of the reporter consistent with mitotic arrest induced in tumor xenograft models. Induction of this reporter was also observed with a kinesin spindle protein inhibitor, which causes cell cycle blockage in the M phase. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the cyclin B-Luc reporter can be used to image whether compounds are capable, in vivo, of causing an M phase arrest and/or altering cyclin B turnover. This reporter can also be potentially used in high-throughput screening efforts aimed at discovering novel molecules that will cause cell cycle arrest at the M phase in cultivated cell lines and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jun Zhang
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515031, China.
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45
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Abstract
Gonocytes (or prospermatogonia) are the precursors to spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), which provide the foundation for spermatogenesis through their ability to both self-renew and generate daughter cells. Despite their relative importance, the regulatory mechanisms that govern gonocyte maintenance and transition to SSCs are poorly understood. Recently, we reported that constitutive activation of NOTCH1 signaling in Sertoli cells causes gonocyte exit from quiescence--the first suggestion of the potential role of this signaling pathway in the testis. This Extra View will review what is known about NOTCH signaling, particularly in Sertoli cells and germ cells in the testes, by providing a background on germ cell biology and a summary of our recently published data on NOTCH1 signaling in Sertoli cells. We also describe additional data showing that aberrant proliferation and differentiation of gonocytes in response to constitutive activation of NOTCH1 signaling in Sertoli cells involves de novo expression of cell cycle proteins and a marked upregulation of the KIT receptor. These data further suggest that NOTCH signaling orchestrates a dynamic balance between maintenance and differentiation of gonocytes in the perinatal testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Xavier Garcia
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Jaiswal AS, Aneja R, Connors SK, Joshi HC, Multani AS, Pathak S, Narayan S. 9-bromonoscapine-induced mitotic arrest of cigarette smoke condensate-transformed breast epithelial cells. J Cell Biochem 2009; 106:1146-56. [PMID: 19229861 PMCID: PMC2728348 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, we determined the chemotherapeutic efficacy of 9-bromonoscapine (Br-Nos), a more potent noscapine analog, on MCF10A, spontaneously immortalized human normal breast epithelial cells and MCF10A-CSC3, cigarette smoke condensate (CSC)-transformed cells. The results from cytogenetic analysis showed that Br-Nos induced polyploidy and telomeric association in MCF10A-CSC3 cells, while MCF10A cells remained unaffected. Our immunofluorescence data further demonstrated that MCF10A-CSC3 cells were susceptible to mitotic catastrophe on exposure to Br-Nos and failed to recover after drug withdrawal. MCF10A-CSC3 cells exhibited Br-Nos-induced aberrant multipolar spindle formation, which irreversibly impaired the alignment of replicated chromosome to the equatorial plane and finally culminated in cell death. Although MCF10A cells upon Br-Nos treatment showed bipolar spindles with some uncongressed chromosomes, these cells recovered fairly well after drug withdrawal. Our flow-cytometry analysis data reconfirmed that MCF10A-CSC3 cells were more susceptible to cell death compared to MCF10A cells. Furthermore, our results suggest that decreased levels of cdc2/cyclin B1 and cdc2 kinase activity are responsible for Br-Nos-induced mitotic cell arrest leading to cell death in MCF10A-CSC3 cells. This study thus explores the underlying mechanism of Br-Nos-induced mitotic catastrophe in CSC-transformed MCF10A-CSC3 cells and its potential usefulness as a chemotherapeutic agent for prevention of cigarette smoke-induced breast cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna S. Jaiswal
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and UF Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Shahnjayla K. Connors
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and UF Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Harish C. Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Asha S. Multani
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sen Pathak
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Satya Narayan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and UF Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
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Akashi Y, Okamoto I, Suzuki M, Tamura K, Iwasa T, Hisada S, Satoh T, Nakagawa K, Ono K, Fukuoka M. The novel microtubule-interfering agent TZT-1027 enhances the anticancer effect of radiation in vitro and in vivo. Br J Cancer 2007; 96:1532-9. [PMID: 17473826 PMCID: PMC2359952 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/28/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
TZT-1027 is a novel anticancer agent that inhibits microtubule polymerisation and manifests potent antitumour activity in preclinical models. We have examined the effect of TZT-1027 on cell cycle progression as well as the anticancer activity of this drug both in vitro and in vivo. With the use of tsFT210 cells, which express a temperature-sensitive mutant of Cdc2, we found that TZT-1027 arrests cell cycle progression in mitosis, the phase of the cell cycle most sensitive to radiation. A clonogenic assay indeed revealed that TZT-1027 increased the sensitivity of H460 cells to gamma-radiation, with a dose enhancement factor of 1.2. Furthermore, TZT-1027 increased the radiosensitivity of H460 and A549 cells in nude mice, as revealed by a marked delay in tumour growth and an enhancement factor of 3.0 and 2.2, respectively. TZT-1027 also potentiated the induction of apoptosis in H460 cells by radiation both in vitro and in vivo. Histological evaluation of H460 tumours revealed that TZT-1027 induced morphological damage to the vascular endothelium followed by extensive central tumour necrosis. Our results thus suggest that TZT-1027 enhances the antitumour effect of ionising radiation, and that this action is attributable in part to potentiation of apoptosis induction and to an antivascular effect. Combined treatment with TZT-1027 and radiation therefore warrants investigation in clinical trials as a potential anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - I Okamoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - M Suzuki
- Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, 2-1010 Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - K Tamura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Nara Hospital, 1248-1 Otodacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - T Iwasa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - S Hisada
- Asuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 1604 Shimosakunobe, Takatu-ku, Kawasaki 213-8522, Japan
| | - T Satoh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - K Nakagawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - K Ono
- Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, 2-1010 Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - M Fukuoka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic is both a human carcinogen and a chemotherapeutic agent, but the mechanism of neither arsenic-induced carcinogenesis nor tumor selective cytotoxicity is clear. Using a model cell line in which p53 expression is regulated exogenously in a tetracycline-off system (TR9-7 cells) , our laboratory has shown that arsenite disrupts mitosis and that p53-deficient cells [p53(-)], in contrast to p53-expressing cells [p53(+)], display greater sensitivity to arsenite-induced mitotic arrest and apoptosis. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to examine the role p53 plays in protecting cells from arsenite-induced mitotic arrest. METHODS p53(+) and p53(-) cells were synchronized in G2 phase using Hoechst 33342 and released from synchrony in the presence or absence of 5 microM sodium arsenite. RESULTS Mitotic index analysis demonstrated that arsenite treatment delayed exit from G2 in p53(+) and p53(-) cells. Arsenite-treated p53(+) cells exited mitosis normally, whereas p53(-) cells exited mitosis with delayed kinetics. Microarray analysis performed on mRNAs of cells exposed to arsenite for 0 and 3 hr after release from G2 phase synchrony showed that arsenite induced inhibitor of DNA binding-1 (ID1) differentially in p53(+) and p53(-) cells. Immunoblotting confirmed that ID1 induction was more extensive and sustained in p53(+) cells. CONCLUSIONS p53 promotes mitotic exit and leads to more extensive ID1 induction by arsenite. ID1 is a dominant negative inhibitor of transcription that represses cell cycle regulatory genes and is elevated in many tumors. ID1 may play a role in the survival of arsenite-treated p53(+) cells and contribute to arsenic carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wolfgang Zacharias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Department of Medicine
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center and
- Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Michael J. McCabe
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - J. Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center and
- Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Address correspondence to J.C. States, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 570 S. Preston St., Suite 221, Louisville, KY 40202 USA. Telephone: (502) 852-5347. Fax: (502) 853-2492. E-mail:
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Mizuhashi F, Murata K, Kitagaki T, Tomita I. Effects of the tumor inhibitor IKP-104, a 4(1H)-pyridinone derivative, on cytoskeletal microtubules of cultured tumor cells. Jpn J Cancer Res 1991; 82:1442-7. [PMID: 1778768 PMCID: PMC5918355 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1991.tb01818.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of IKP-104, a 4(1H)-pyridinone derivative, on the mitotic profile and cytoskeletal microtubule dynamics of cultured B16 melanoma cells were examined in order to investigate the mechanism of its antitumor activity. The exposure to IKP-104 caused accumulation of cells in abnormal metaphase with chromosomes scattered within the cytoplasm and induced polyploid and multinucleate cells as detected by differential staining microscopy with brilliant blue R and safranin O. An immunofluorescence study with monoclonal anti-alpha-tubulin antibody revealed that IKP-104 diminished cytoskeletal microtubules of both interphase and mitotic cells, resulting in induction of a few fragments resembling "microtubular bundles" induced by vinblastine (VLB). These results indicated that IKP-104 arrests cells in the mitotic phase by inhibition of polymerization and induction of depolymerization of cytoskeletal microtubules, similarly to VLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mizuhashi
- Life Science Research Institute, Kumiai Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Shizuoka
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