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Kovaleva LV, Voronkov AS, Zakharova EV, Andreev IM. ABA and IAA control microsporogenesis in Petunia hybrida L. Protoplasma 2018; 255:751-759. [PMID: 29134282 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The formation of fertile male gametophyte is known to require timely degeneration of polyfunctional tapetum tissue. The last process caused by the programmed cell death (PCD) is a part of the anther program maturation which leads to sequential anther tissue destruction coordinated with pollen differentiation. In the present work, distribution of abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in developing anthers of male-fertile and male-sterile lines of petunia (Petunia hybrida L.) was analyzed by using the immunohistochemical method. It was established that the development of fertile male gametophyte was accompanied by monotonous elevation of ABA and IAA levels in reproductive cells and, in contrast, their monotonous lowering in tapetum cells and the middle layers. Abortion of microsporocytes in the meiosis prophase in the sterile line caused by premature tapetum degeneration along with complete maintenance of the middle layers was accompanied by dramatic, twofold elevation in the levels of both the phytohormones in reproductive cells. The data obtained allowed us to conclude that at the meiosis stage ABA and IAA are involved in the PCD of microsporocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Kovaleva
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia.
| | - A S Voronkov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia
- State Humanitarian-Technological University, Zelenaya St. 22, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, 142611, Russia
| | - E V Zakharova
- Russian State Agrarian University-Agricultural Academy named by Timiryazev, Timiryazevskaya St. 49, Moscow, 127550, Russia
| | - I M Andreev
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia
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Sandoval-Oliveros R, Guevara-Olvera L, Beltrán JP, Gómez-Mena C, Acosta-García G. Developmental landmarks during floral ontogeny of jalapeño chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and the effect of gibberellin on ovary growth. Plant Reprod 2017; 30:119-129. [PMID: 28840335 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-017-0307-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important horticultural crop in many regions of the world. The final shape and size of the fruit are known to be determined at a very early step of flower development. During flower development hormonal treatments using gibberellins seem to promote growth resulting in higher yield and fruit quality. However, the morphological changes that occur in the pepper flowers after these treatments are largely unknown. In the present study, we provide a description of floral development landmarks of jalapeño chili pepper (cultivar Huichol), divided in nine representative stages from its initiation until the opening of the bud. We established a correlation among external flower development and the time and pattern of reproductive organogenesis. Male and female gametogenesis progression was used to define specific landmarks during flower maturation. The pattern of expression of key genes involved in gibberellin metabolism and response was also evaluated in the nine flower stages. The proposed development framework was used to analyze the effect of gibberellin treatments in the development of the flower. We observed both an effect of the treatment in the histology of the ovary tissue and an increase in the level of expression of CaGA2ox1 and CaGID1b genes. The developmental stages we defined for this species are very useful to analyze the molecular and morphological changes after hormonal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sandoval-Oliveros
- Depto. Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Av. Tecnológico y A. García Cubas S/N. Apdo. Postal 57, C.P. 38010, Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - L Guevara-Olvera
- Depto. Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Av. Tecnológico y A. García Cubas S/N. Apdo. Postal 57, C.P. 38010, Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - J P Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología del Desarrollo Reproductivo. Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (CSIC-UPV), Edificio 8E. Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Gómez-Mena
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología del Desarrollo Reproductivo. Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (CSIC-UPV), Edificio 8E. Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - G Acosta-García
- Depto. Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Av. Tecnológico y A. García Cubas S/N. Apdo. Postal 57, C.P. 38010, Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Liu B, De Storme N, Geelen D. Gibberellin Induces Diploid Pollen Formation by Interfering with Meiotic Cytokinesis. Plant Physiol 2017; 173:338-353. [PMID: 27621423 PMCID: PMC5210705 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone gibberellic acid (GA) controls many physiological processes, including cell differentiation, cell elongation, seed germination, and response to abiotic stress. In this study, we report that exogenous treatment of flowering Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants with GA specifically affects the process of male meiotic cytokinesis leading to meiotic restitution and the production of diploid (2n) pollen grains. Similar defects in meiotic cell division and reproductive ploidy stability occur in Arabidopsis plants depleted of RGA and GAI, two members of the DELLA family that function as suppressor of GA signaling. Cytological analysis of the double rga-24 gai-t6 mutant revealed that defects in male meiotic cytokinesis are not caused by alterations in meiosis I (MI or meiosis II (MII) chromosome dynamics, but instead result from aberrations in the spatial organization of the phragmoplast-like radial microtubule arrays (RMAs) at the end of meiosis II. In line with a role for GA in the genetic regulation of the male reproductive system, we additionally show that DELLA downstream targets MYB33 and MYB65 are redundantly required for functional RMA biosynthesis and male meiotic cytokinesis. By analyzing the expression of pRGA::GFP-RGA in the wild-type Landsberg erecta background, we demonstrate that the GFP-RGA protein is specifically expressed in the anther cell layers surrounding the meiocytes and microspores, suggesting that appropriate GA signaling in the somatic anther tissue is critical for male meiotic cell wall formation and thus plays an important role in consolidating the male gametophytic ploidy consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico De Storme
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Danny Geelen
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Wang S, Zhang G, Song Q, Zhang Y, Li Z, Guo J, Niu N, Ma S, Wang J. Abnormal development of tapetum and microspores induced by chemical hybridization agent SQ-1 in wheat. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119557. [PMID: 25803723 PMCID: PMC4372346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical hybridization agent (CHA)-induced male sterility is an important tool in crop heterosis. To demonstrate that CHA-SQ-1-induced male sterility is associated with abnormal tapetal and microspore development, the cytology of CHA-SQ-1-treated plant anthers at various developmental stages was studied by light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL) assay and DAPI staining. The results indicated that the SQ-1-treated plants underwent premature tapetal programmed cell death (PCD), which was initiated at the early-uninucleate stage of microspore development and continued until the tapetal cells were completely degraded; the process of microspore development was then blocked. Microspores with low-viability (fluorescein diacetate staining) were aborted. The study suggests that premature tapetal PCD is the main cause of pollen abortion. Furthermore, it determines the starting period and a key factor in CHA-SQ-1-induced male sterility at the cell level, and provides cytological evidence to further study the mechanism between PCD and male sterility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Gaisheng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Qilu Song
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Na Niu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Shoucai Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
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Tripathi R, Agrawal SB. Interactive effect of supplemental ultraviolet B and elevated ozone on seed yield and oil quality of two cultivars of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) carried out in open top chambers. J Sci Food Agric 2013; 93:1016-1025. [PMID: 22903702 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current scenarios of global climate change predict a significant increase in ultraviolet B (UV-B) and tropospheric ozone (O₃) in the near future. Both UV-B and O₃ can have detrimental effects on the productivity and yield quality of important agricultural crops. The present study was conducted to investigate the individual and interactive effects of supplemental UV-B (sUV-B) (ambient + 7.2 kJ m⁻² day⁻¹) and O₃ (ambient + 10 ppb) on the yield and oil quality of two cultivars of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.). RESULTS The mean monthly ambient O₃ concentration varied from 27.7 to 59.0 ppb during the experimental period. O₃ affected fruit formation, while sUV-B was mainly responsible for ovule abortion. Seed sugar and protein contents showed maximum reduction in O₃-treated plants, while mineral nutrient levels were most affected by sUV-B + O₃ treatment. Rancid oil of low nutritional quality and containing long-chain fatty acids was favoured along with a decrease in oil content. CONCLUSION sUV-B and O₃ individually as well as in combination caused deterioration of the yield and quality of oil and seeds of linseed. However, the individual effect of O₃ was more damaging than the effect of sUV-B or sUV-B + O₃, and cultivar T-397 performed better than Padmini.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Tripathi
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Ecology Research Circle, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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Kumar G, Iadav RS. [Induction of cytomixis affects microsporogenesis in Sesamum indicum L. (Pedaliaceae)]. Ontogenez 2012; 43:261-267. [PMID: 23035582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cytomixis was recorded during microsporogenesis in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), a member of the family Pedaliaceae. The phenomenon of cytomixis was observed at various stages of meiosis in 0.5% Sodium azide (SA) treated populations of Sesamum indicum L. Cytomixis was observed to occur through various methods, i.e., by forming cytoplasmic channels and direct fusion of pollen mother cells (PMCs), the former was more frequent than the latter. The migration of nuclear content involved all the chromatin/chromosomes or part of it from donor to recipient cell/cells. Some completely empty meiocytes were also observed. Stickiness, precocious movement, laggards, unorientation and micronuclei were observed in almost all the sets treated with various doses of SA. Increase in the doses of SA had a positive effect on the percentage of PMCs showing cytomixis and chromosomal abnormalities. The impact ofcytomixis on meiotic behaviour, reduced pollen viability and heterogeneous sized pollen grains were observed.
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Li Z, Wang S, Tao Q, Pan J, Si L, Gong Z, Cai R. A putative positive feedback regulation mechanism in CsACS2 expression suggests a modified model for sex determination in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). J Exp Bot 2012; 63:4475-84. [PMID: 22577183 PMCID: PMC3421985 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that the plant hormone ethylene plays a key role in cucumber sex determination. Since the unisexual control gene M was cloned and shown to encode an ethylene synthase, instead of an ethylene receptor, the 'one-hormone hypothesis', which was used to explain the cucumber sex phenotype, has been challenged. Here, the physiological function of CsACS2 (the gene encoded by the M locus) was studied using the transgenic tobacco system. The results indicated that overexpression of CsACS2 increased ethylene production in the tobacco plant, and the native cucumber promoter had no activity in transgenic tobacco (PM). However, when PM plants were treated with exogenous ethylene, CsACS2 expression could be detected. In cucumber, ethylene treatment could also induce transcription of CsACS2, while inhibition of ethylene action reduced the expression level. These findings suggest a positive feedback regulation mechanism for CsACS2, and a modified 'one-hormone hypothesis' for sex determination in cucumber is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shu Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest Forest University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China
| | - Qianyi Tao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junsong Pan
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Longting Si
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161, China
| | - Zhenhui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Run Cai
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Srivastava P, Kumar G. EMS-induced cytomictic variability in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Tsitol Genet 2011; 45:44-49. [PMID: 21950142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Seeds of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) were subjected to three treatment durations (3h, 5h and 7h) of 0.5 % Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS). Microsporogenesis was carried out in the control as well as in the treated materials. EMS treated plants showed interesting feature of partial inter-meiocyte chromatin migration through channel formation, beak formation or direct cell fusion. Another interesting feature noticed during the study was the fusion among tetrads due to wall dissolution. The phenomenon of cytomixis was recorded at nearly all the stages of microsporogenesis connecting from a few to several meiocytes. Other abnormalities such as laggards, precocious movement, bridge and non-disjunction of chromosomes were also recorded but in very low frequencies. The phenomenon of cytomixis increased along with the increase in treatment duration of EMS. Cells with these types of cytomictic disturbances may probably result in uneven formation of gametes or zygote, heterogenous sized pollen grains or even loss of fertility in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Srivastava
- Department of Botany, Plants Genetics Laboratory, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211 002, India.
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