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Gorlewicz A, Barthet G, Zucca S, Vincent P, Griguoli M, Grosjean N, Wilczynski G, Mulle C. The Deletion of GluK2 Alters Cholinergic Control of Neuronal Excitability. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:2907-2923. [PMID: 34730179 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kainate receptors (KARs) are key regulators of synaptic circuits by acting at pre- and postsynaptic sites through either ionotropic or metabotropic actions. KARs can be activated by kainate, a potent neurotoxin, which induces acute convulsions. Here, we report that the acute convulsive effect of kainate mostly depends on GluK2/GluK5 containing KARs. By contrast, the acute convulsive activity of pilocarpine and pentylenetetrazol is not alleviated in the absence of KARs. Unexpectedly, the genetic inactivation of GluK2 rather confers increased susceptibility to acute pilocarpine-induced seizures. The mechanism involves an enhanced excitability of GluK2-/- CA3 pyramidal cells compared with controls upon pilocarpine application. Finally, we uncover that the absence of GluK2 increases pilocarpine modulation of Kv7/M currents. Taken together, our findings reveal that GluK2-containing KARs can control the excitability of hippocampal circuits through interaction with the neuromodulatory cholinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Gorlewicz
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Molecular and Systemic Neuromorphology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gael Barthet
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Stefano Zucca
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Peggy Vincent
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marilena Griguoli
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Noëlle Grosjean
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Grzegorz Wilczynski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Systemic Neuromorphology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christophe Mulle
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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He L, Sun J, Gao Y, Li B, Wang Y, Dong Y, An W, Li H, Yang B, Ge Y, Zhang XC, Shi YS, Zhao Y. Kainate receptor modulation by NETO2. Nature 2021; 599:325-329. [PMID: 34552241 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03936-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate-gated kainate receptors are ubiquitous in the central nervous system of vertebrates, mediate synaptic transmission at the postsynapse and modulate transmitter release at the presynapse1-7. In the brain, the trafficking, gating kinetics and pharmacology of kainate receptors are tightly regulated by neuropilin and tolloid-like (NETO) proteins8-11. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of homotetrameric GluK2 in complex with NETO2 at inhibited and desensitized states, illustrating variable stoichiometry of GluK2-NETO2 complexes, with one or two NETO2 subunits associating with GluK2. We find that NETO2 accesses only two broad faces of kainate receptors, intermolecularly crosslinking the lower lobe of ATDA/C, the upper lobe of LBDB/D and the lower lobe of LBDA/C, illustrating how NETO2 regulates receptor-gating kinetics. The transmembrane helix of NETO2 is positioned proximal to the selectivity filter and competes with the amphiphilic H1 helix after M4 for interaction with an intracellular cap domain formed by the M1-M2 linkers of the receptor, revealing how rectification is regulated by NETO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli He
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiwei Gao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Dong
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong An
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Ge
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuejun Cai Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yun Stone Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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3
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Zhu Y, Armstrong JN, Contractor A. Kainate receptors regulate the functional properties of young adult-born dentate granule cells. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109751. [PMID: 34551304 PMCID: PMC8525187 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Both inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter receptors can influence maturation and survival of adult-born neurons in the dentate gyrus; nevertheless, how these two neurotransmitter systems affect integration of new neurons into the existing circuitry is still not fully characterized. Here, we demonstrate that glutamate receptors of the kainate receptor (KAR) subfamily are expressed in adult-born dentate granule cells (abDGCs) and that, through their interaction with GABAergic signaling mechanisms, they alter the functional properties of adult-born cells during a critical period of their development. Both the intrinsic properties and synaptic connectivity of young abDGCs were affected. Timed KAR loss in a cohort of young adult-born neurons in mice disrupted their performance in a spatial discrimination task but not in a hippocampal-dependent fear conditioning task. Together, these results demonstrate the importance of KARs in the proper functional development of young abDGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhu
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - John N Armstrong
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Anis Contractor
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Marion-Poll L, Forêt B, Zielinski D, Massip F, Attia M, Carter AC, Syx L, Chang HY, Gendrel AV, Heard E. Locus specific epigenetic modalities of random allelic expression imbalance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5330. [PMID: 34504093 PMCID: PMC8429725 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Most autosomal genes are thought to be expressed from both alleles, with some notable exceptions, including imprinted genes and genes showing random monoallelic expression (RME). The extent and nature of RME has been the subject of debate. Here we investigate the expression of several candidate RME genes in F1 hybrid mouse cells before and after differentiation, to define how they become persistently, monoallelically expressed. Clonal monoallelic expression is not present in embryonic stem cells, but we observe high frequencies of monoallelism in neuronal progenitor cells by assessing expression status in more than 200 clones. We uncover unforeseen modes of allelic expression that appear to be gene-specific and epigenetically regulated. This non-canonical allelic regulation has important implications for development and disease, including autosomal dominant disorders and opens up therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Marion-Poll
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Paris, France.
- Directors' research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Forêt
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Paris, France
| | - Dina Zielinski
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U900, Mines ParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Florian Massip
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mikael Attia
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Paris, France
| | - Ava C Carter
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laurène Syx
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U900, Mines ParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anne-Valerie Gendrel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Paris, France.
| | - Edith Heard
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Paris, France.
- Directors' research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Collège de France, Paris, France.
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5
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Stolz JR, Foote KM, Veenstra-Knol HE, Pfundt R, Ten Broeke SW, de Leeuw N, Roht L, Pajusalu S, Part R, Rebane I, Õunap K, Stark Z, Kirk EP, Lawson JA, Lunke S, Christodoulou J, Louie RJ, Rogers RC, Davis JM, Innes AM, Wei XC, Keren B, Mignot C, Lebel RR, Sperber SM, Sakonju A, Dosa N, Barge-Schaapveld DQCM, Peeters-Scholte CMPCD, Ruivenkamp CAL, van Bon BW, Kennedy J, Low KJ, Ellard S, Pang L, Junewick JJ, Mark PR, Carvill GL, Swanson GT. Clustered mutations in the GRIK2 kainate receptor subunit gene underlie diverse neurodevelopmental disorders. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:1692-1709. [PMID: 34375587 PMCID: PMC8456161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kainate receptors (KARs) are glutamate-gated cation channels with diverse roles in the central nervous system. Bi-allelic loss of function of the KAR-encoding gene GRIK2 causes a nonsyndromic neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) with intellectual disability and developmental delay as core features. The extent to which mono-allelic variants in GRIK2 also underlie NDDs is less understood because only a single individual has been reported previously. Here, we describe an additional eleven individuals with heterozygous de novo variants in GRIK2 causative for neurodevelopmental deficits that include intellectual disability. Five children harbored recurrent de novo variants (three encoding p.Thr660Lys and two p.Thr660Arg), and four children and one adult were homozygous for a previously reported variant (c.1969G>A [p.Ala657Thr]). Individuals with shared variants had some overlapping behavioral and neurological dysfunction, suggesting that the GRIK2 variants are likely pathogenic. Analogous mutations introduced into recombinant GluK2 KAR subunits at sites within the M3 transmembrane domain (encoding p.Ala657Thr, p.Thr660Lys, and p.Thr660Arg) and the M3-S2 linker domain (encoding p.Ile668Thr) had complex effects on functional properties and membrane localization of homomeric and heteromeric KARs. Both p.Thr660Lys and p.Thr660Arg mutant KARs exhibited markedly slowed gating kinetics, similar to p.Ala657Thr-containing receptors. Moreover, we observed emerging genotype-phenotype correlations, including the presence of severe epilepsy in individuals with the p.Thr660Lys variant and hypomyelination in individuals with either the p.Thr660Lys or p.Thr660Arg variant. Collectively, these results demonstrate that human GRIK2 variants predicted to alter channel function are causative for early childhood development disorders and further emphasize the importance of clarifying the role of KARs in early nervous system development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Stolz
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kendall M Foote
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hermine E Veenstra-Knol
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700, the Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne W Ten Broeke
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole de Leeuw
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Roht
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu 51003, Estonia
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu 51003, Estonia
| | - Reelika Part
- Department of Neonatal and Infant Medicine, Tallinn Children's Hospital, Tallinn 13419, Estonia
| | - Ionella Rebane
- Department of Neonatal and Infant Medicine, Tallinn Children's Hospital, Tallinn 13419, Estonia
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu 51003, Estonia
| | - Zornitza Stark
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Edwin P Kirk
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - John A Lawson
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Sebastian Lunke
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - John Christodoulou
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | | | | | | | - A Micheil Innes
- Departments of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Xing-Chang Wei
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Robert Roger Lebel
- Division of Development, Behavior, and Genetics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Steven M Sperber
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Ai Sakonju
- Department of Neurology, Upstate Health Care Center, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Nienke Dosa
- Division of Development, Behavior, and Genetics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | | | | | - Claudia A L Ruivenkamp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bregje W van Bon
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - Joanna Kennedy
- University Hospital Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
| | - Karen J Low
- University Hospital Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
| | - Sian Ellard
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Lewis Pang
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Joseph J Junewick
- Department of Radiology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Paul R Mark
- Spectrum Health Medical Genetics, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Gemma L Carvill
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Geoffrey T Swanson
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Jia Y, Wang X, Chen Y, Qiu W, Ge W, Ma C. Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Pathological Changes in the Entorhinal Cortex Region that Correlate Well with Dysregulation of Ion Transport in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:4007-4027. [PMID: 33904022 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. The earliest neuropathology of AD appears in entorhinal cortex (EC) regions. Therapeutic strategies and preventive measures to protect against entorhinal degeneration would be of substantial value in the early stages of AD. In this study, transcriptome based on the Illumina RNA-seq and proteome based on TMT-labelling were performed for RNA and protein profiling on AD EC samples and non-AD control EC samples. Immunohistochemistry was used to validate proteins expressions. After integrated analysis, 57 genes were detected both in transcriptome and proteome data, including 51 in similar altering trends (7 upregulated, 44 downregulated) and 6 in inverse trends when compared AD vs. control. The top 6 genes (GABRG2, CACNG3, CACNB4, GABRB2, GRIK2, and SLC17A6) within the 51 genes were selected and related to "ion transport". Correlation analysis demonstrated negative relationship of protein expression level with the neuropathologic changes. In conclusion, the integrate transcriptome and proteome analysis provided evidence for dysregulation of ion transport across brain regions in AD, which might be a critical signaling pathway that initiates pathology. This study might provide new insight into the earliest changes occurring in the EC of AD and novel targets for AD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjie Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Neuroscience Center, National Human Brain Bank for Development and Function, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5 Dongdansantiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology and Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5 Dongdansantiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yanyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology and Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5 Dongdansantiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Wenying Qiu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Neuroscience Center, National Human Brain Bank for Development and Function, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5 Dongdansantiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Wei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology and Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5 Dongdansantiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Neuroscience Center, National Human Brain Bank for Development and Function, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5 Dongdansantiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China.
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7
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Landa J, Guasp M, Míguez-Cabello F, Guimarães J, Mishima T, Oda F, Zipp F, Krajinovic V, Fuhr P, Honnorat J, Titulaer M, Simabukuro M, Planagumà J, Martínez-Hernández E, Armangué T, Saiz A, Gasull X, Soto D, Graus F, Sabater L, Dalmau J. Encephalitis with Autoantibodies against the Glutamate Kainate Receptors GluK2. Ann Neurol 2021; 90:101-117. [PMID: 33949707 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to report the identification of antibodies against the glutamate kainate receptor subunit 2 (GluK2-abs) in patients with autoimmune encephalitis, and describe the clinical-immunological features and antibody effects. METHODS Two sera from 8 patients with similar rat brain immunostaining were used to precipitate the antigen from neuronal cultures. A cell-based assay (CBA) with GluK2-expressing HEK293 cells was used to assess 596 patients with different neurological disorders, and 23 healthy controls. GluK2-ab effects were determined by confocal microscopy in cultured neurons and electrophysiology in GluK2-expressing HEK293 cells. RESULTS Patients' antibodies precipitated GluK2. GluK2 antibody-specificity was confirmed by CBA, immunoprecipitation, GluK2-immunoabsorption, and GluK2 knockout brain immunohistochemistry. In 2 of 8 samples, antibodies reacted with additional GluK2 epitopes present in GluK1 or GluK3; in both, the reactivity was abrogated after GluK2 immuno-absorption. Six of 8 patients developed acute encephalitis and clinical or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of predominant cerebellar involvement (4 presenting as cerebellitis, which in 2 patients caused obstructive hydrocephalus), and 2 patients had other syndromes (1 with cerebellar symptoms). One of the samples showed mild reactivity with non-kainate receptors (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors [AMPAR] and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors [NMDAR]) leading to identify 6 additional cases with GluK2-abs among patients with anti-AMPAR (5/71) or anti-NMDAR encephalitis (1/73). GluK2-abs internalized GluK2 in HEK293 cells and neurons; these antibody-effects were reversible in neurons. A significant reduction of GluK2-mediated currents was observed in cells treated with patients' GluK2 serum following the time frame of antibody-mediated GluK2 internalization. INTERPRETATION GluK2-abs associate with an encephalitis with prominent clinicoradiological cerebellar involvement. The antibody effects are predominantly mediated by internalization of GluK2. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:107-123.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Landa
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Guasp
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Míguez-Cabello
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Guimarães
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Fumiko Oda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Frauke Zipp
- Neurology Department, Focus Program Translational Neurosciences (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vladimir Krajinovic
- University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr. Fran Mihaljevic", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter Fuhr
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Honnorat
- French Reference Center for Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Synatac Team, NeuroMyoGene Institute, INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR5310, University Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maarten Titulaer
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mateus Simabukuro
- Department of Neurology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jesus Planagumà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eugenia Martínez-Hernández
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thais Armangué
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Neurology Service, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Saiz
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Gasull
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Soto
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Graus
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Sabater
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Dalmau
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Guo R, Li H, Shi R, Wang Y. Intrathecal Injection of GRIP-siRNA Reduces Postoperative Synaptic Abundance of Kainate Receptor GluK2 Subunits in Rat Dorsal Horns and Pain Hypersensitivity. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1771-1780. [PMID: 33847855 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03323-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying postoperative pain differ from the inflammatory or neuropathic pain. Previous studies have demonstrated that intrathecal α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methy-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) -kainate (KA) receptor antagonist inhibits the guarding pain behavior and mechanical hyperalgesia, indicating a critical role of spinal KA receptors in postoperative pain hypersensitivity. However, how the functional regulations of spinal KA receptor subunits are involved in the postoperative pain hypersensitivity remains elusive. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the synaptic delivery of spinal KA receptor subunits and the interaction between KA receptor subunits and glutamate receptor-interacting protein (GRIP) during the postoperative pain. Our data indicated that plantar incision induced the synaptic delivery of GluK2, but not GluK1 or GluK3 in ipsilateral spinal cord dorsal horns. The co-immunoprecipitation showed an increased GluK2 -GRIP interaction in ipsilateral dorsal horn neurons at 6 h post-incision. Interestingly, Intrathecal pretreatment of GRIP siRNA increased the paw withdrawal thresholds to mechanical stimuli and decreased the cumulative pain scores in the paws ipsilateral to the incision at 6 h post-incision. Additionally, Intrathecal pretreatment of GRIP siRNA reduced the synaptic abundance of GluK2 in ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn at 6 h after plantar incision. In general, our data have demonstrated that the GluK2- GRIP interaction-mediated synaptic abundance of GluK2 in dorsal horn neurons plays an important role in the postoperative pain hypersensitivity. Disrupting the GluK2- GRIP interaction may provide a new approach for relieving postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Huili Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongtinan Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongtinan Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongtinan Road, Beijing, 100020, China.
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9
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Lin H, Yang Y, Hou C, Huang Y, Zhou L, Zheng J, Lv G, Mao R, Chen S, Xu P, Zhou Y, Wang P, Zhou D. Validation of the functions and prognostic values of synapse-associated proteins in lower-grade glioma. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20210391. [PMID: 33969375 PMCID: PMC8164110 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Synapse and synapse-associated proteins (SAPs) play critical roles in various neurodegeneration diseases and brain tumors. However, in lower-grade gliomas (LGG), SAPs have not been explored systematically. Herein, we are going to explore SAPs expression profile and its clinicopathological significance in LGG which can offer new insights to glioma therapy. In the present study, we integrate a list of SAPs that covered 231 proteins with synaptogenesis activity and post synapse formation. The LGG RNA-seq data were downloaded from GEO, TCGA and CGGA database. The prognosis associated SAPs in key modules of PPI (protein-protein interaction networks) was regarded as hub SAPs. Western blot, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunochemistry results from HPA database were used to verify the expression of hub SAPs. There were 68 up-regulated SAPs and 44 down-regulated SAPs in LGG tissue compared with normal brain tissue. Data from function enrichment analysis revealed functions of differentially expressed SAPs in synapse organization and glutamatergic receptor pathway in LGGs. Survival analysis revealed that four SAPs, GRIK2, GABRD, GRID2 and ARC were correlate with the prognosis of LGG patients. Interestingly, we found that GABRD were up-regulated in LGG patients with seizures, indicating that SAPs may link to the pathogenesis of seizures in glioma patients. The four-SAPs signature was revealed as an independent prognostic factor in gliomas. Our study presented a novel strategy to assess the prognostic risks of LGGs, based on the expression of SAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongxian Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liting Zhou
- International Department, Affiliated High School of South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiantao Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangzhao Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Rui Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanwei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Peihong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yujun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Iida I, Konno K, Natsume R, Abe M, Watanabe M, Sakimura K, Terunuma M. A comparative analysis of kainate receptor GluK2 and GluK5 knockout mice in a pure genetic background. Behav Brain Res 2021; 405:113194. [PMID: 33631192 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Kainate receptors (KARs) are members of the glutamate receptor family that regulate synaptic function in the brain. Although they are known to be associated with psychiatric disorders, how they are involved in these disorders remains unclear. KARs are tetrameric channels assembled from a combination of GluK1-5 subunits. Among these, GluK2 and GluK5 subunits are the major heteromeric subunits in the brain. To determine the functional similarities and differences between GluK2 and GluK5 subunits, we generated GluK2 KO and GluK5 KO mice on a C57BL/6N background, a well-characterized inbred strain, and compared their behavioral phenotypes. We found that GluK2 KO and GluK5 KO mice exhibited the same phenotypes in many tests, such as reduced locomotor activity, impaired motor function, and enhanced depressive-like behavior. No change was observed in motor learning, anxiety-like behavior, or sociability. Additionally, we identified subunit-specific phenotypes, such as reduced motivation toward their environment in GluK2 KO mice and an enhancement in the contextual memory in GluK5 KO mice. These results revealed that GluK2 and GluK5 subunits not only function in a coordinated manner but also have a subunit-specific role in regulating behavior. To summarize, we demonstrated subunit-specific and common behavioral effects of GluK2 and GluK5 subunits for the first time. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence of the involvement of the GluK5 subunit in the expression of depressive-like behavior and contextual memory, which strongly indicates its role in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Iida
- Division of Oral Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kohtarou Konno
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Rie Natsume
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakimura
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan.
| | - Miho Terunuma
- Division of Oral Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
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11
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Zhang W, Wang F, Zhang L, Sun T, Fu Z. Intrathecal injection of ozone alleviates CCI‑induced neuropathic pain via the GluR6‑NF‑κB/p65 signalling pathway in rats. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:231. [PMID: 33537798 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone is widely used to relieve chronic pain clinically, but the precise mechanisms governing its action have yet to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the pain‑alleviating effect of ozone in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of sciatic nerve in rats. Pain behaviours of rats were assessed by mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. The expression of spinal glutamate receptor 6 (GluR6) and NF‑κB/p65 was detected by western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. Meanwhile, the expression of spinal IL‑1β, IL‑6 and TNF‑α was detected by ELISA. GluR6 short interfering (si)RNAs were used intrathecally immediately following CCI once per day. Ozone (10, 20 or 30 µg/ml) or oxygen was injected intrathecally on day 7 after CCI. The expression level of spinal GluR6 increased on day 3 and reached a peak on day 7 after CCI. The expression level of spinal IL‑1β, IL‑6, TNF‑α and NF‑κB/p65 also increased on day 7 after CCI. In addition, pre‑intrathecal injection of GluR6 siRNAs inhibited pain behaviours and suppressed the expression of spinal GluR6, IL‑1β, IL‑6, TNF‑α and NF‑κB/p65 in CCI rats on day 7. Intrathecal injection of ozone was also observed to inhibit pain behaviours and suppress the expression of spinal GluR6, IL‑1β, IL‑6, TNF‑α and NF‑κB/p65 in CCI rats on day 7. The present study suggested that GluR6 served a pivotal role in neuropathic pain and that intrathecal injection of ozone may alleviate neuropathic pain via the GluR6‑NF‑κB/p65 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Zhang
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Licai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Anaesthesiology of Jiangsu Province and Key Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Fu
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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12
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Khanra N, Brown PMGE, Perozzo AM, Bowie D, Meyerson JR. Architecture and structural dynamics of the heteromeric GluK2/K5 kainate receptor. eLife 2021; 10:e66097. [PMID: 33724189 PMCID: PMC7997659 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Kainate receptors (KARs) are L-glutamate-gated ion channels that regulate synaptic transmission and modulate neuronal circuits. KARs have strict assembly rules and primarily function as heteromeric receptors in the brain. A longstanding question is how KAR heteromer subunits organize and coordinate together to fulfill their signature physiological roles. Here we report structures of the GluK2/GluK5 heteromer in apo, antagonist-bound, and desensitized states. The receptor assembles with two copies of each subunit, ligand binding domains arranged as two heterodimers and GluK5 subunits proximal to the channel. Strikingly, during desensitization, GluK2, but not GluK5, subunits undergo major structural rearrangements to facilitate channel closure. We show how the large conformational differences between antagonist-bound and desensitized states are mediated by the linkers connecting the pore helices to the ligand binding domains. This work presents the first KAR heteromer structure, reveals how its subunits are organized, and resolves how the heteromer can accommodate functionally distinct closed channel structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandish Khanra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkUnited States
| | - Patricia MGE Brown
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Amanda M Perozzo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Derek Bowie
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Joel R Meyerson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkUnited States
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13
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Li Q, Ma TL, Qiu YQ, Cui WQ, Chen T, Zhang WW, Wang J, Mao-Ying QL, Mi WL, Wang YQ, Chu YX. Connexin 36 Mediates Orofacial Pain Hypersensitivity Through GluK2 and TRPA1. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:1484-1499. [PMID: 33067780 PMCID: PMC7719140 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Trigeminal neuralgia is a debilitating condition, and the pain easily spreads to other parts of the face. Here, we established a mouse model of partial transection of the infraorbital nerve (pT-ION) and found that the Connexin 36 (Cx36) inhibitor mefloquine caused greater alleviation of pT-ION-induced cold allodynia compared to the reduction of mechanical allodynia. Mefloquine reversed the pT-ION-induced upregulation of Cx36, glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 2 (GluK2), transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), and phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase (p-ERK) in the trigeminal ganglion. Cold allodynia but not mechanical allodynia induced by pT-ION or by virus-mediated overexpression of Cx36 in the trigeminal ganglion was reversed by the GluK2 antagonist NS102, and knocking down Cx36 expression in Nav1.8-expressing nociceptors by injecting virus into the orofacial skin area of Nav1.8-Cre mice attenuated cold allodynia but not mechanical allodynia. In conclusion, we show that Cx36 contributes greatly to the development of orofacial pain hypersensitivity through GluK2, TRPA1, and p-ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Tian-Le Ma
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - You-Qi Qiu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Cui
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Teng Chen
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518001, China
| | - Qi-Liang Mao-Ying
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wen-Li Mi
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yan-Qing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu-Xia Chu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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14
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Regoni M, Cattaneo S, Mercatelli D, Novello S, Passoni A, Bagnati R, Davoli E, Croci L, Consalez GG, Albanese F, Zanetti L, Passafaro M, Serratto GM, Di Fonzo A, Valtorta F, Ciammola A, Taverna S, Morari M, Sassone J. Pharmacological antagonism of kainate receptor rescues dysfunction and loss of dopamine neurons in a mouse model of human parkin-induced toxicity. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:963. [PMID: 33173027 PMCID: PMC7656261 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the PARK2 gene encoding the protein parkin cause autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinsonism (ARJP), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by dysfunction and death of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Since a neuroprotective therapy for ARJP does not exist, research efforts aimed at discovering targets for neuroprotection are critically needed. A previous study demonstrated that loss of parkin function or expression of parkin mutants associated with ARJP causes an accumulation of glutamate kainate receptors (KARs) in human brain tissues and an increase of KAR-mediated currents in neurons in vitro. Based on the hypothesis that such KAR hyperactivation may contribute to the death of nigral DA neurons, we investigated the effect of KAR antagonism on the DA neuron dysfunction and death that occur in the parkinQ311X mouse, a model of human parkin-induced toxicity. We found that early accumulation of KARs occurs in the DA neurons of the parkinQ311X mouse, and that chronic administration of the KAR antagonist UBP310 prevents DA neuron loss. This neuroprotective effect is associated with the rescue of the abnormal firing rate of nigral DA neurons and downregulation of GluK2, the key KAR subunit. This study provides novel evidence of a causal role of glutamate KARs in the DA neuron dysfunction and loss occurring in a mouse model of human parkin-induced toxicity. Our results support KAR as a potential target in the development of neuroprotective therapy for ARJP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Regoni
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cattaneo
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Mercatelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Salvatore Novello
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Croci
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Giacomo Consalez
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Albanese
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Letizia Zanetti
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Passafaro
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Via Luigi Vanvitelli 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Maia Serratto
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Via Luigi Vanvitelli 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza 28, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Neuroscience Section, Via Francesco Sforza 28, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavia Valtorta
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciammola
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Taverna
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Morari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jenny Sassone
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Han B, Chen H, Yao Y, Liu X, Nie C, Min J, Zeng Y, Lutz MW. Genetic and non-genetic factors associated with the phenotype of exceptional longevity & normal cognition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19140. [PMID: 33154391 PMCID: PMC7645680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we split 2156 individuals from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) data into two groups, establishing a phenotype of exceptional longevity & normal cognition versus cognitive impairment. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify significant genetic variants and biological pathways that are associated with cognitive impairment and used these results to construct polygenic risk scores. We elucidated the important and robust factors, both genetic and non-genetic, in predicting the phenotype, using several machine learning models. The GWAS identified 28 significant SNPs at p-value [Formula: see text] significance level and we pinpointed four genes, ESR1, PHB, RYR3, GRIK2, that are associated with the phenotype though immunological systems, brain function, metabolic pathways, inflammation and diet in the CLHLS cohort. Using both genetic and non-genetic factors, four machine learning models have close prediction results for the phenotype measured in Area Under the Curve: random forest (0.782), XGBoost (0.781), support vector machine with linear kernel (0.780), and [Formula: see text] penalized logistic regression (0.780). The top four important and congruent features in predicting the phenotype identified by these four models are: polygenic risk score, sex, age, and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Huashuai Chen
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Business School of Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Nie
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junxia Min
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Michael W Lutz
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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16
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Zhawar VK, Kandpal RP, Athwal RS. Senescence of Normal Human Fibroblasts Relates to the Expression of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor GluR6/Grik2. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 17:707-714. [PMID: 33099472 PMCID: PMC7675648 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Glutamate receptor GRIK2, previously designated as GluR6, is best described in neuronal cells. However, its biological relevance in non-neuronal cells is not well understood. We have investigated the expression of this important protein in normal human fibroblasts as a function of cell proliferation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We introduced expression constructs of all five isoforms (A-E) of GRIK2 in normal human fibroblasts and investigated the cells for the presence and localization of GRIK2, as well as for cell proliferation and senescence over a period of 24 days. RESULTS The expression of GRIK2-A isoform led to immediate cessation of cell proliferation. However, the cell numbers increased by 1.5- to 9.0-fold in 24 days upon transfection with B, C, D and E isoforms, after which they entered a state of senescence. The decreased proliferation was reflected by incorporation of BrdU in only 2-8% of transfected cells even after culturing them for 16 days. CONCLUSION Our results are indicative of an association between GRIK2 and aging of fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramjit K Zhawar
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - Raj P Kandpal
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, U.S.A.
| | - Raghbir S Athwal
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A.
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17
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Du JJ, Yan L, Zhang W, Xu H, Zhu QJ. Clathrin-independent but dynamin-dependent mechanisms mediate Ca2+-triggered endocytosis of the glutamate GluK2 receptor upon excitotoxicity. J Integr Neurosci 2020; 19:449-458. [PMID: 33070524 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin.2020.03.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We first explore the features of GluK2 endocytosis during kainate excitotoxicity and then explore the role of Ca2+ in the regulation of GluK2 endocytosis. The roles of Ca2+ were examined by treating cells with Ca2+ inhibitors or chelators. Surface biotinylation was used to examine the surface localization of GluK2. Immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting was used to identify the interaction of GluK2 with the endocytosis regulator protein-interacting with C kinase 1 and dynamin. Dynamin phosphorylation was examined by immunoblotting with the corresponding antibodies. Our results show that GluK2 internalization is blocked by inhibitors of clathrin-independent endocytosis and relies on intracellular Ca2+/calcineurin signaling. Protein-interacting with C kinase 1-GluK2 interaction is regulated by Ca2+/calcineurin signaling. Dynamin participates in the regulation of GluK2 surface localization. Also, calcineurin activation is related to dynamin function during kainate excitotoxicity. In conclusion, GluK2 receptor endocytosis is probably a clathrin-independent and dynamin-dependent process regulated by the peak Ca2+ transient. This work indicates the roles of the Ca2+ network in the regulation of GluK2 endocytosis during kainate excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, P. R. China
| | - Lu Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, P. R. China
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Ju Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, P. R. China
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, P. R. China
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18
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Pigoni M, Hsia H, Hartmann J, Rudan Njavro J, Shmueli MD, Müller SA, Güner G, Tüshaus J, Kuhn P, Kumar R, Gao P, Tran ML, Ramazanov B, Blank B, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, Von Blume J, Mulle C, Gunnersen JM, Wuhrer M, Rammes G, Busche MA, Koeglsperger T, Lichtenthaler SF. Seizure protein 6 controls glycosylation and trafficking of kainate receptor subunits GluK2 and GluK3. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103457. [PMID: 32567721 PMCID: PMC7396870 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizure protein 6 (SEZ6) is required for the development and maintenance of the nervous system, is a major substrate of the protease BACE1 and is linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and psychiatric disorders, but its molecular functions are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that SEZ6 controls glycosylation and cell surface localization of kainate receptors composed of GluK2/3 subunits. Loss of SEZ6 reduced surface levels of GluK2/3 in primary neurons and reduced kainate-evoked currents in CA1 pyramidal neurons in acute hippocampal slices. Mechanistically, loss of SEZ6 in vitro and in vivo prevented modification of GluK2/3 with the human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) glycan, a modulator of GluK2/3 function. SEZ6 interacted with GluK2 through its ectodomain and promoted post-endoplasmic reticulum transport of GluK2 in the secretory pathway in heterologous cells and primary neurons. Taken together, SEZ6 acts as a new trafficking factor for GluK2/3. This novel function may help to better understand the role of SEZ6 in neurologic and psychiatric diseases.
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19
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Abe A, Yamamoto Y, Katsumi A, Yamamoto H, Okamoto A, Inaguma Y, Iriyama C, Tokuda M, Okamoto M, Emi N, Tomita A. Truncated RUNX1 Generated by the Fusion of RUNX1 to Antisense GRIK2 via a Cryptic Chromosome Translocation Enhances Sensitivity to Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor. Cytogenet Genome Res 2020; 160:255-263. [PMID: 32544910 DOI: 10.1159/000508012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusions of the Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) with different partner genes have been associated with various hematological disorders. Interestingly, the C-terminally truncated form of RUNX1 and RUNX1 fusion proteins are similarly considered important contributors to leukemogenesis. Here, we describe a 59-year-old male patient who was initially diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, inv(16)(p13;q22)/CBFB-MYH11 (FAB classification M4Eo). He achieved complete remission and negative CBFB-MYH11 status with daunorubicin/cytarabine combination chemotherapy but relapsed 3 years later. Cytogenetic analysis of relapsed leukemia cells revealed CBFB-MYH11 negativity and complex chromosomal abnormalities without inv(16)(p13;q22). RNA-seq identified the glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kinase 2 (GRIK2) gene on 6q16 as a novel fusion partner for RUNX1 in this case. Specifically, the fusion of RUNX1 to the GRIK2 antisense strand (RUNX1-GRIK2as) generated multiple missplicing transcripts. Because extremely low levels of wild-type GRIK2 were detected in leukemia cells, RUNX1-GRIK2as was thought to drive the pathogenesis associated with the RUNX1-GRIK2 fusion. The truncated RUNX1 generated from RUNX1-GRIK2as induced the expression of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) receptor on 32D myeloid leukemia cells and enhanced proliferation in response to G-CSF. In summary, the RUNX1-GRIK2as fusion emphasizes the importance of aberrantly truncated RUNX1 in leukemogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics
- DNA, Antisense/genetics
- Gene Fusion/genetics
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/genetics
- Sequence Deletion/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic/genetics
- GluK2 Kainate Receptor
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20
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Abstract
Kainate and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors are two major, closely related receptor subtypes in the glutamate ion channel family. Excessive activities of these receptors have been implicated in a number of central nervous system diseases. Designing potent and selective antagonists of these receptors, especially of kainate receptors, is useful for developing potential treatment strategies for these neurological diseases. Here, we report on two RNA aptamers designed to individually inhibit kainate and AMPA receptors. To improve the biostability of these aptamers, we also chemically modified these aptamers by substituting their 2'-OH group with 2'-fluorine. These 2'-fluoro aptamers, FB9s-b and FB9s-r, were markedly resistant to RNase-catalyzed degradation, with a half-life of ∼5 days in rat cerebrospinal fluid or serum-containing medium. Furthermore, FB9s-r blocked AMPA receptor activity. Aptamer FB9s-b selectively inhibited GluK1 and GluK2 kainate receptor subunits, and also GluK1/GluK5 and GluK2/GluK5 heteromeric kainate receptors with equal potency. This inhibitory profile makes FB9s-b a powerful template for developing tool molecules and drug candidates for treatment of neurological diseases involving excessive activities of the GluK1 and GluK2 subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Jaremko
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York 12222
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York 12222
| | - Nicholas Karl
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York 12222
| | - Vincen D Pierce
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York 12222
| | - Janet Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York 12222
| | - Li Niu
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York 12222
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21
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Jin EH, Park B, Kim YS, Choe EK, Choi SH, Kim JS, Jung SA. A Novel Susceptibility Locus Near GRIK2 Associated With Erosive Esophagitis in a Korean Cohort. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2020; 11:e00145. [PMID: 32132452 PMCID: PMC7145042 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The male-predominant sex difference through the spectrum of erosive esophagitis to Barrett's esophagus is widely known. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) stratified by sex for identifying factors that can predict the endoscopically diagnosed erosive esophagitis. METHODS Erosive esophagitis was diagnosed by endoscopy and assessed for severity. We identified genetic factors associated with erosive esophagitis that accounted for the sex differences in a cohort of 4,242 participants via a GWAS. After quality control and imputation, genetic associations with erosive esophagitis were investigated by multivariate linear regression in 3,620 subjects. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with P < 5.0 × 10 were considered significant genome wide, and a genetic risk score was constructed for the prediction of erosive esophagitis risk. RESULTS Six genome-wide significant SNPs near the GRIK2 gene on chromosome 6 were found to be associated with erosive esophagitis only in male subjects. These were predictive of severity through a genetic risk score (P < 0.05), and the findings were validated in a cohort of 622 subjects (P < 0.05). DISCUSSION This is the first GWAS of erosive esophagitis, and we identified 6 genome-wide significant SNPs in male subjects. These SNPs could help explain the pathogenesis of erosive esophagitis and contribute to the understanding of sex differences. Further genetic investigation could allow for the prediction of high risk for erosive esophagitis and development of new treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hyo Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boram Park
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choe
- Department of Surgery, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Ae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Alieva AK, Rudenok MM, Novosadova EV, Vlasov IN, Arsenyeva EL, Rosinskaya AV, Grivennikov IA, Slominsky PA, Shadrina MI. Whole-Transcriptome Analysis of Dermal Fibroblasts, Derived from Three Pairs of Monozygotic Twins, Discordant for Parkinson's Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:284-293. [PMID: 31823283 PMCID: PMC7222158 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. In most cases, the development of the disease is sporadic and is not associated with any currently known mutations associated with PD. It is believed that changes associated with the epigenetic regulation of gene expression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The study of individuals with an almost identical genetic background, such as monozygotic twins, is one of the best approaches to the analysis of such changes. A whole-transcriptome analysis of dermal fibroblasts obtained from three pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for PD was carried out in this work. Twenty-nine differentially expressed genes were identified in the three pairs of twins. These genes were included in seven processes within two clusters, according to the results of an enrichment analysis. The cluster with the greatest statistical significance included processes associated with the regulation of the differentiation of fat cells, the action potential, and the regulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission. The most significant genes, which occupied a central position in this cluster, were PTGS2, SCN9A, and GRIK2. These genes can be considered as potential candidate genes for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelya Kh. Alieva
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Kurchatova sq, Moscow, 123182 Russia
| | - Margarita M. Rudenok
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Kurchatova sq, Moscow, 123182 Russia
| | - Ekaterina V. Novosadova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Kurchatova sq, Moscow, 123182 Russia
| | - Ivan N. Vlasov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Kurchatova sq, Moscow, 123182 Russia
| | - Elena L. Arsenyeva
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Kurchatova sq, Moscow, 123182 Russia
| | - Anna V. Rosinskaya
- State Public Health Institution Primorsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, 57 Aleutskaya St, Vladivostok, 690091 Russia
| | - Igor A. Grivennikov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Kurchatova sq, Moscow, 123182 Russia
| | - Petr A. Slominsky
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Kurchatova sq, Moscow, 123182 Russia
| | - Maria I. Shadrina
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Kurchatova sq, Moscow, 123182 Russia
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23
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Stayte S, Laloli KJ, Rentsch P, Lowth A, Li KM, Pickford R, Vissel B. The kainate receptor antagonist UBP310 but not single deletion of GluK1, GluK2, or GluK3 subunits, inhibits MPTP-induced degeneration in the mouse midbrain. Exp Neurol 2020; 323:113062. [PMID: 31513786 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate is essential in basal ganglia motor circuits and has long been thought to contribute to cell death and degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). While previous research has shown a significant role of NMDA and AMPA receptors in both excitotoxicity and PD, the third class of ionotropic glutamate receptors, kainate receptors, have been less well studied. Given the expression of kainate receptor subunits GluK1-GluK3 in key PD-related brain regions, it has been suggested that GluK1-GluK3 may contribute to excitotoxic cell loss. Therefore the neuroprotective potential of the kainate receptor antagonist UBP310 in animal models of PD was investigated in this study. Stereological quantification revealed administration of UBP310 significantly increased survival of dopaminergic and total neuron populations in the substantia nigra pars compacta in the acute MPTP mouse model of PD. In contrast, UBP310 was unable to rescue MPTP-induced loss of dopamine levels or dopamine transporter expression in the striatum. Furthermore, deletion of GluK1, GluK2 or GluK3 had no effect on MPTP or UBP310-mediated effects across all measures. Interestingly, UBP310 did not attenuate cell loss in the midbrain induced by intrastriatal 6-OHDA toxicity. These results indicate UBP310 provides neuroprotection in the midbrain against MPTP neurotoxicity that is not dependent on specific kainate receptor subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Stayte
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), Sydney, Darlinghurst, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Kathryn J Laloli
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), Sydney, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Peggy Rentsch
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), Sydney, Darlinghurst, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Aimee Lowth
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Kong M Li
- Pharmacology Department, Bosch Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Russell Pickford
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Bryce Vissel
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), Sydney, Darlinghurst, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia.
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24
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Litwin DB, Paudyal N, Carrillo E, Berka V, Jayaraman V. The structural arrangement and dynamics of the heteromeric GluK2/GluK5 kainate receptor as determined by smFRET. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2020; 1862:183001. [PMID: 31194959 PMCID: PMC6899175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Kainate receptors, which are glutamate activated excitatory neurotransmitter receptors, predominantly exist as heteromers of GluK2 and GluK5 subunits in the mammalian central nervous system. There are currently no structures of the full-length heteromeric kainate receptors. Here, we have used single molecule FRET to determine the specific arrangement of the GluK2 and GluK5 subunits within the dimer of dimers configuration in a full-length receptor. Additionally, we have also studied the dynamics and conformational heterogeneity of the amino-terminal and agonist-binding domain interfaces associated with the resting and desensitized states of the full-length heteromeric kainate receptor using FRET-based methods. The smFRET data are compared to similar experiments performed on the homomeric kainate receptor to provide insight into the differences in conformational dynamics that distinguish the two functionally. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Molecular biophysics of membranes and membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B Litwin
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nabina Paudyal
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elisa Carrillo
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vladimir Berka
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vasanthi Jayaraman
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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25
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Yang BZ, Zhou H, Cheng Z, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. Genomewide Gene-by-Sex Interaction Scans Identify ADGRV1 for Sex Differences in Opioid Dependent African Americans. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18070. [PMID: 31792237 PMCID: PMC6889277 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53560-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in opioid dependence (OD) are genetically influenced. We conducted genomewide gene-by-sex interaction scans for the DSM-IV diagnosis of OD in 8,387 African-American (AA) or European-American subjects (43.6% women; 4,715 OD subjects). Among AAs, 9 SNPs were genome-wide significant at ADGRV1 (adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor V1, lead-SNP rs2366929*(C/T), p = 1.5 × 10-9) for sex-different risk of OD, with the rs2366929*C-allele increasing OD risk only for men. The top co-expressions in brain were between ADGRV1 and GRIK2 in substantia nigra and medullary inferior olivary nucleus, and between ADGRV1 and EFHC2 in frontal cortex and putamen. Significant sex-differential ADGRV1 expression from GTEx was detected in breast (Bonferroni-corrected-p < 0.002) and in heart (p < 0.0125), with nominal significance identified in brain, thyroid, lung, and stomach (p < 0.05). ADGRV1 co-expression and disease-enrichment analysis identifying the top 10 diseases showed strikingly sexually dimorphic risks. The enrichment and transcriptome analyses provided convergent support that ADGRV1 exerts a sex-different effect on OD risk. This is the first study to identify genetic variants contributing to sex differences in OD. It shows that ADGRV1 contributes to OD risk only in AA men, a finding that warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhongshan Cheng
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA.
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale University School of Medicine, Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Abarkan M, Gaitan J, Lebreton F, Perrier R, Jaffredo M, Mulle C, Magnan C, Raoux M, Lang J. The glutamate receptor GluK2 contributes to the regulation of glucose homeostasis and its deterioration during aging. Mol Metab 2019; 30:152-160. [PMID: 31767166 PMCID: PMC6807305 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Islets secrete neurotransmitters including glutamate which participate in fine regulation of islet function. The excitatory ionotropic glutamate receptor GluK2 of the kainate receptor family is widely expressed in brain and also found in islets, mainly in α and γ cells. α cells co-release glucagon and glutamate and the latter increases glucagon release via ionotropic glutamate receptors. However, neither the precise nature of the ionotropic glutamate receptor involved nor its role in glucose homeostasis is known. As isoform specific pharmacology is not available, we investigated this question in constitutive GluK2 knock-out mice (GluK2-/-) using adult and middle-aged animals to also gain insight in a potential role during aging. METHODS We compared wild-type GluK2+/+ and knock-out GluK2-/- mice using adult (14-20 weeks) and middle-aged animals (40-52 weeks). Glucose (oral OGTT and intraperitoneal IPGTT) and insulin tolerance as well as pyruvate challenge tests were performed according to standard procedures. Parasympathetic activity, which stimulates hormones secretion, was measured by electrophysiology in vivo. Isolated islets were used in vitro to determine islet β-cell electrical activity on multi-electrode arrays and dynamic secretion of insulin as well as glucagon was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Adult GluK2-/- mice exhibit an improved glucose tolerance (OGTT and IPGTT), and this was also apparent in middle-aged mice, whereas the outcome of pyruvate challenge was slightly improved only in middle-aged GluK2-/- mice. Similarly, insulin sensitivity was markedly enhanced in middle-aged GluK2-/- animals. Basal and glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo was slightly lower in GluK2-/- mice, whereas fasting glucagonemia was strongly reduced. In vivo recordings of parasympathetic activity showed an increase in basal activity in GluK2-/- mice which represents most likely an adaptive mechanism to counteract hypoglucagonemia rather than altered neuronal mechanism. In vitro recording demonstrated an improvement of glucose-induced electrical activity of β-cells in islets obtained from GluK2-/- mice at both ages. Finally, glucose-induced insulin secretion in vitro was increased in GluK2-/- islets, whereas glucagon secretion at 2 mmol/l of glucose was considerably reduced. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate a general role for kainate receptors in glucose homeostasis and specifically suggest a negative effect of GluK2 on glucose homeostasis and preservation of islet function during aging. Our observations raise the possibility that blockade of GluK2 may provide benefits in glucose homeostasis especially during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Abarkan
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Julien Gaitan
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Fanny Lebreton
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Romain Perrier
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Manon Jaffredo
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Christophe Mulle
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christophe Magnan
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR 8251, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Raoux
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Jochen Lang
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
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Li YJ, Duan GF, Sun JH, Wu D, Ye C, Zang YY, Chen GQ, Shi YY, Wang J, Zhang W, Shi YS. Neto proteins regulate gating of the kainate-type glutamate receptor GluK2 through two binding sites. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17889-17902. [PMID: 31628192 PMCID: PMC6879349 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropilin and tolloid-like (Neto) proteins Neto1 and Neto2 are auxiliary subunits of kainate-type glutamate receptors (KARs) that regulate KAR trafficking and gating. However, how Netos bind and regulate the biophysical functions of KARs remains unclear. Here, we found that the N-terminal domain (NTD) of glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 2 (GluK2) binds the first complement C1r/C1s-Uegf-BMP (CUB) domain of Neto proteins (i.e. NTD-CUB1 interaction) and that the core of GluK2 (GluK2ΔNTD) binds Netos through domains other than CUB1s (core-Neto interaction). Using electrophysiological analysis in HEK293T cells, we examined the effects of these interactions on GluK2 gating, including deactivation, desensitization, and recovery from desensitization. We found that NTD deletion does not affect GluK2 fast gating kinetics, the desensitization, and the deactivation. We also observed that Neto1 and Neto2 differentially regulate GluK2 fast gating kinetics, which largely rely on the NTD-CUB1 interactions. NTD removal facilitated GluK2 recovery from desensitization, indicating that the NTD stabilizes the GluK2 desensitization state. Co-expression with Neto1 or Neto2 also accelerated GluK2 recovery from desensitization, which fully relied on the NTD-CUB1 interactions. Moreover, we demonstrate that the NTD-CUB1 interaction involves electric attraction between positively charged residues in the GluK2_NTD and negatively charged ones in the CUB1 domains. Neutralization of these charges eliminated the regulatory effects of the NTD-CUB1 interaction on GluK2 gating. We conclude that KARs bind Netos through at least two sites and that the NTD-CUB1 interaction critically regulates Neto-mediated GluK2 gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Gui-Fang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Jia-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Chang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Yan-Yu Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Gui-Quan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Yong-Yun Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Luhe People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Nanjing 211500, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yun Stone Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
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Needs HI, Henley BS, Cavallo D, Gurung S, Modebadze T, Woodhall G, Henley JM. Changes in excitatory and inhibitory receptor expression and network activity during induction and establishment of epilepsy in the rat Reduced Intensity Status Epilepticus (RISE) model. Neuropharmacology 2019; 158:107728. [PMID: 31356824 PMCID: PMC6892273 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The RISE model is an effective system to study the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the initiation and maintenance of epilepsy in vivo. Here we profiled the expression of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor subunits and synaptic scaffolding proteins in the hippocampus and temporal lobe and compared these changes with alterations in network activity at specific timepoints during epileptogenesis. Significant changes occurred in all of the ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits tested during epilepsy induction and progression and the profile of these changes differed between the hippocampus and temporal lobe. Notably, AMPAR subunits were dramatically decreased during the latent phase of epilepsy induction, matched by a profound decrease in the network response to kainate application in the hippocampus. Moreover, decreases in the GABAAβ3 subunit are consistent with a loss of inhibitory input contributing to the perturbation of excitatory/inhibitory balance and seizure generation. These data highlight the synaptic reorganisation that mediates the relative hypoexcitability prior to the manifestation of seizures and subsequent hyperexcitability when spontaneous seizures develop. These patterns of changes give new insight into the mechanisms underpinning epilepsy and provide a platform for future investigations targeting particular receptor subunits to reduce or prevent seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope I Needs
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Benjamin S Henley
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK; School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Damiana Cavallo
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Sonam Gurung
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Tamara Modebadze
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Gavin Woodhall
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK; School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Jeremy M Henley
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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Ma H, Xun G, Zhang R, Yang X, Cao Y. Correlation between GRIK2 rs6922753, rs2227283 polymorphism and aggressive behaviors with Bipolar Mania in the Chinese Han population. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01449. [PMID: 31631587 PMCID: PMC6851809 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Animal studies have shown that glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 2 (GRIK2) gene knockout mice are more impulsive and aggressive. This study aims to verify whether the rs6922753 and rs2227283 polymorphisms of the GRIK2 gene are associated with both aggressive behavior and bipolar mania in the Chinese Han population. METHODS Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied in the genotype rs6922753 and rs2227283 polymorphisms of the GRIK2 gene in 201 bipolar manic patients with aggressive behaviors, 198 bipolar manic patients without aggressive behaviors, and 132 healthy controls. The Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) was used to evaluate aggressive behavior in patients with bipolar mania. RESULTS No correlation was found between aggressive behavior and the rs6922753 polymorphism in the three groups. The A/A genotype and A allele of the rs2227283 polymorphism were found significantly more frequently in patients with aggressive behavior than in healthy controls (p = .004 and p = .013, respectively) and in patients with nonaggressive behavior (p = .002 and p = .018, respectively). The A/A genotype and A allele were associated with an increased risk of aggressive behavior. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the rs2227283 polymorphism of the GRIK2 gene is related to aggressive behaviors in bipolar manic patients and that the A/A genotype and A allele may increase the risk of the aggressive behavior in bipolar manic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Ma
- Department of PsychiatryShandong Mental Health CenterJinanChina
| | - Guanglei Xun
- Department of PsychiatryShandong Mental Health CenterJinanChina
| | - Renyun Zhang
- Department of PsychiatryShandong Mental Health CenterJinanChina
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- Department of PsychiatryShandong Mental Health CenterJinanChina
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of PsychiatryShandong Mental Health CenterJinanChina
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Jack A, Hamad MIK, Gonda S, Gralla S, Pahl S, Hollmann M, Wahle P. Development of Cortical Pyramidal Cell and Interneuronal Dendrites: a Role for Kainate Receptor Subunits and NETO1. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:4960-4979. [PMID: 30421168 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1414-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During neuronal development, AMPA receptors (AMPARs) and NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are important for neuronal differentiation. Kainate receptors (KARs) are closely related to AMPARs and involved in the regulation of cortical network activity. However, their role for neurite growth and differentiation of cortical neurons is unclear. Here, we used KAR agonists and overexpression of selected KAR subunits and their auxiliary neuropilin and tolloid-like proteins, NETOs, to investigate their influence on dendritic growth and network activity in organotypic cultures of rat visual cortex. Kainate at 500 nM enhanced network activity and promoted development of dendrites in layer II/III pyramidal cells, but not interneurons. GluK2 overexpression promoted dendritic growth in pyramidal cells and interneurons. GluK2 transfectants were highly active and acted as drivers for network activity. GluK1 and NETO1 specifically promoted dendritic growth of interneurons. Our study provides new insights for the roles of KARs and NETOs in the morphological and physiological development of the visual cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Jack
- Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology ND 6/72, Developmental Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mohammad I K Hamad
- Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology ND 6/72, Developmental Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Steffen Gonda
- Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology ND 6/72, Developmental Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Gralla
- Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology ND 6/72, Developmental Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Steffen Pahl
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry I-Receptor Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Hollmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry I-Receptor Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Petra Wahle
- Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology ND 6/72, Developmental Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
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Stachniak TJ, Sylwestrak EL, Scheiffele P, Hall BJ, Ghosh A. Elfn1-Induced Constitutive Activation of mGluR7 Determines Frequency-Dependent Recruitment of Somatostatin Interneurons. J Neurosci 2019; 39:4461-4474. [PMID: 30940718 PMCID: PMC6554623 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2276-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitatory synapses onto somatostatin (SOM) interneurons show robust short-term facilitation. This hallmark feature of SOM interneurons arises from a low initial release probability that regulates the recruitment of interneurons in response to trains of action potentials. Previous work has shown that Elfn1 (extracellular leucine rich repeat and fibronectin Type III domain containing 1) is necessary to generate facilitating synapses onto SOM neurons by recruitment of two separate presynaptic components: mGluR7 (metabotropic glutamate receptor 7) and GluK2-KARs (kainate receptors containing glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 2). Here, we identify how a transsynaptic interaction between Elfn1 and mGluR7 constitutively reduces initial release probability onto mouse cortical SOM neurons. Elfn1 produces glutamate-independent activation of mGluR7 via presynaptic clustering, resulting in a divergence from the canonical "autoreceptor" role of Type III mGluRs, and substantially altering synaptic pharmacology. This structurally induced determination of initial release probability is present at both layer 2/3 and layer 5 synapses. In layer 2/3 SOM neurons, synaptic facilitation in response to spike trains is also dependent on presynaptic GluK2-KARs. In contrast, layer 5 SOM neurons do not exhibit presynaptic GluK2-KAR activity at baseline and show reduced facilitation. GluK2-KAR engagement at synapses onto layer 5 SOM neurons can be induced by calmodulin activation, suggesting that synaptic function can be dynamically regulated. Thus, synaptic facilitation onto SOM interneurons is mediated both by constitutive mGluR7 recruitment by Elfn1 and regulated GluK2-KAR recruitment, which determines the extent of interneuron recruitment in different cortical layers.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study identifies a novel mechanism for generating constitutive GPCR activity through a transsynaptic Elfn1/mGluR7 structural interaction. The resulting tonic suppression of synaptic release probability deviates from canonical autoreceptor function. Constitutive suppression delays the activation of somatostatin interneurons in circuits, necessitating high-frequency activity for somatostatin interneuron recruitment. Furthermore, variations in the synaptic proteome generate layer-specific differences in facilitation at pyr → SOM synapses. The presence of GluK2 kainate receptors in L2/3 enhances synaptic transmission during prolonged activity. Thus, layer-specific synaptic properties onto somatostatin interneurons are mediated by both constitutive mGluR7 recruitment and regulated GluK2 kainate receptor recruitment, revealing a mechanism that generates diversity in physiological responses of interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tevye Jason Stachniak
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel 4051, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Departement Biozentrum, Basel 4056, Switzerland, and
- Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Emily Lauren Sylwestrak
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel 4051, Switzerland
- Stanford University, Department of Bioengineering, Stanford, California 94305
- University of Basel, Departement Biozentrum, Basel 4056, Switzerland, and
| | - Peter Scheiffele
- University of Basel, Departement Biozentrum, Basel 4056, Switzerland, and
| | - Benjamin J Hall
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel 4051, Switzerland
| | - Anirvan Ghosh
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel 4051, Switzerland,
- Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
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Xiong S, Wang Y, Li H, Zhang X. Interaction among GRIK2 gene on epilepsy susceptibility in Chinese children. Acta Neurol Scand 2019; 139:540-545. [PMID: 30908586 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of glutamate receptor 2 (GRIK2) gene, as well as gene-gene interaction with the risk of early-onset epilepsy susceptibility, was studied in Chinese children. METHODS Generalized multi-factor dimension reduction (GMDR) is used to identify the optimal linkage between interaction among four SNPs and early-onset epilepsy susceptibility. Logistic regression was performed to assess association between four SNPs within GRIK2 gene and the risk of epilepsy. RESULTS The results show that the risk of epilepsy in the rs4840200-T allele carriers was significantly higher than CC (CT/TT vs CC), adjusted OR (95% CI) = 1.74 (1.31-2.20), and the carrier of rs3213607-A allele was also higher than CC (CG/GG vs CC) with adjusted OR (95% CI) = 1.61 (1.23-2.10). We did not detect significant association between rs9390754 and rs2235076 within GRIK2 gene and epilepsy risk. In the GMDR analysis for the gene/gene interaction (2-4 locus models), we found a significant two-locus model (P = 0.001) involving rs4840200 and rs9390754. The cross-validation consistency was 10/10, and the prediction error was 0.632. Participants with rs4840200-CT/TT and rs9390754-GA/AA genotype within GRIK2 gene have the highest epilepsy risk, compared to participants with rs4840200-CC and rs9390754-GG genotype within GRIK2 gene, OR (95% CI) = 2.42 (1.78-3.11), after covariates adjustment for age and gender. CONCLUSIONS Both rs4840200-T and rs3213607-A, and the interactions between rs4840200 and rs9390754 are related to the increased risk of epilepsy risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunjun Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Litwin DB, Carrillo E, Shaikh SA, Berka V, Jayaraman V. The structural arrangement at intersubunit interfaces in homomeric kainate receptors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6969. [PMID: 31061516 PMCID: PMC6502836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Kainate receptors are glutamate-gated cation-selective channels involved in excitatory synaptic signaling and are known to be modulated by ions. Prior functional and structural studies suggest that the dimer interface at the agonist-binding domain plays a key role in activation, desensitization, and ion modulation in kainate receptors. Here we have used fluorescence-based methods to investigate the changes and conformational heterogeneity at these interfaces associated with the resting, antagonist-bound, active, desensitized, and ion-modulated states of the receptor. These studies show that in the presence of Na+ ions the interfaces exist primarily in the coupled state in the apo, antagonist-bound and activated (open channel) states. Under desensitizing conditions, the largely decoupled dimer interface at the agonist-binding domain as seen in the cryo-EM structure is one of the states observed. However, in addition to this state there are several additional states with lower levels of decoupling. Replacing Na+ with Cs+ does not alter the FRET efficiencies of the states significantly, but shifts the population to the more decoupled states in both resting and desensitized states, which can be correlated with the lower activation seen in the presence of Cs+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B Litwin
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Elisa Carrillo
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Sana A Shaikh
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Vladimir Berka
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Vasanthi Jayaraman
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.
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Abstract
Wollmuth highlights recent work identifying two cysteine substitutions in kainate receptors that result in direct activation by cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonnie P Wollmuth
- Departments of Neurobiology & Behavior and Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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35
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Wilding TJ, Huettner JE. Cadmium opens GluK2 kainate receptors with cysteine substitutions at the M3 helix bundle crossing. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:435-451. [PMID: 30498132 PMCID: PMC6445585 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Kainate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that have two major roles in the central nervous system: they mediate a postsynaptic component of excitatory neurotransmission at some glutamatergic synapses and modulate transmitter release at both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Accumulating evidence implicates kainate receptors in a variety of neuropathologies, including epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, developmental delay, and cognitive impairment. Here, to gain a deeper understanding of the conformational changes associated with agonist binding and channel opening, we generate a series of Cys substitutions in the GluK2 kainate receptor subunit, focusing on the M3 helices that line the ion pore and form the bundle-crossing gate at the extracellular mouth of the channel. Exposure to 50 µM Cd produces direct activation of homomeric mutant channels bearing Cys substitutions in (A657C), or adjacent to (L659C), the conserved SYTANLAAF motif. Activation by Cd is occluded by modification with 2-aminoethyl MTS (MTSEA), indicating that Cd binds directly and specifically to the substituted cysteines. Cd potency for the A657C mutation (EC50 = 10 µM) suggests that binding involves at least two coordinating residues, whereas weaker Cd potency for L659C (EC50 = 2 mM) implies that activation does not require tight coordination by multiple side chains for this substitution. Experiments with heteromeric and chimeric channels indicate that activation by Cd requires Cys substitution at only two of the four subunits within a tetrameric receptor and that activation is similar for substitution within subunits in either the A/C or B/D conformations. We develop simple kinetic models for the A657C substitution that reproduce several features of Cd activation as well as the low-affinity inhibition observed at higher Cd concentrations (5-20 mM). Together, these results demonstrate rapid and reversible channel activation, independent of agonist site occupancy, upon Cd binding to Cys side chains at two specific locations along the GluK2 inner helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Wilding
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO
| | - James E Huettner
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO
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Garand D, Mahadevan V, Woodin MA. Ionotropic and metabotropic kainate receptor signalling regulates Cl - homeostasis and GABAergic inhibition. J Physiol 2019; 597:1677-1690. [PMID: 30570751 PMCID: PMC6418771 DOI: 10.1113/jp276901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Potassium-chloride co-transporter 2 (KCC2) plays a critical role in regulating chloride homeostasis, which is essential for hyperpolarizing inhibition in the mature nervous system. KCC2 interacts with many proteins involved in excitatory neurotransmission, including the GluK2 subunit of the kainate receptor (KAR). We show that activation of KARs hyperpolarizes the reversal potential for GABA (EGABA ) via both ionotropic and metabotropic signalling mechanisms. KCC2 is required for the metabotropic KAR-mediated regulation of EGABA , although ionotropic KAR signalling can hyperpolarize EGABA independent of KCC2 transporter function. The KAR-mediated hyperpolarization of EGABA is absent in the GluK1/2-/- mouse and is independent of zinc release from mossy fibre terminals. The ability of KARs to regulate KCC2 function may have implications in diseases with disrupted excitation: inhibition balance, such as epilepsy, neuropathic pain, autism spectrum disorders and Down's syndrome. ABSTRACT Potassium-chloride co-transporter 2 (KCC2) plays a critical role in the regulation of chloride (Cl- ) homeostasis within mature neurons. KCC2 is a secondarily active transporter that extrudes Cl- from the neuron, which maintains a low intracellular Cl- concentration [Cl- ]. This results in a hyperpolarized reversal potential of GABA (EGABA ), which is required for fast synaptic inhibition in the mature central nervous system. KCC2 also plays a structural role in dendritic spines and at excitatory synapses, and interacts with 'excitatory' proteins, including the GluK2 subunit of kainate receptors (KARs). KARs are glutamate receptors that display both ionotropic and metabotropic signalling. We show that activating KARs in the hippocampus hyperpolarizes EGABA , thus strengthening inhibition. This hyperpolarization occurs via both ionotropic and metabotropic KAR signalling in the CA3 region, whereas it is absent in the GluK1/2-/- mouse, and is independent of zinc release from mossy fibre terminals. The metabotropic signalling mechanism is dependent on KCC2, although the ionotropic signalling mechanism produces a hyperpolarization of EGABA even in the absence of KCC2 transporter function. These results demonstrate a novel functional interaction between a glutamate receptor and KCC2, a transporter critical for maintaining inhibition, suggesting that the KAR:KCC2 complex may play an important role in excitatory:inhibitory balance in the hippocampus. Additionally, the ability of KARs to regulate chloride homeostasis independently of KCC2 suggests that KAR signalling can regulate inhibition via multiple mechanisms. Activation of kainate-type glutamate receptors could serve as an important mechanism for increasing the strength of inhibition during periods of strong glutamatergic activity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CA1 Region, Hippocampal/cytology
- CA1 Region, Hippocampal/metabolism
- CA1 Region, Hippocampal/physiology
- CA3 Region, Hippocampal/cytology
- CA3 Region, Hippocampal/metabolism
- CA3 Region, Hippocampal/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chlorides/metabolism
- Female
- Homeostasis
- Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal/metabolism
- Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal/physiology
- Pyramidal Cells/metabolism
- Pyramidal Cells/physiology
- Receptors, GABA/metabolism
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/metabolism
- Symporters/metabolism
- K Cl- Cotransporters
- GluK2 Kainate Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Garand
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Vivek Mahadevan
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Melanie A. Woodin
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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Wied TJ, Chin AC, Lau AY. High Conformational Variability in the GluK2 Kainate Receptor Ligand-Binding Domain. Structure 2019; 27:189-195.e2. [PMID: 30482727 PMCID: PMC6363114 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The kainate family of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) mediates pre- and postsynaptic neurotransmission. Previously computed conformational potentials of mean force (PMFs) for iGluR ligand-binding domains (LBDs) revealed subtype-dependent conformational differences between α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) iGluR subfamilies. Here we report PMFs for the kainate receptor GluK2 in apo and glutamate-bound states. Apo and glutamate-bound GluK2 LBDs preferentially access closed-cleft conformations. Apo GluK2 exhibits a surprisingly high degree of conformational flexibility, accessing open and closed states. Comparing across iGluR subtypes, these results are similar to glycine-binding GluN1 and GluN3A NMDA subunits and differ from glutamate-binding GluA2 and GluN2A subunits. To test the contribution of cross-lobe interactions on closed-cleft LBD stability, we computed PMFs for two GluK2 mutants, D462A and D656S. D462A, but not D656S, weakens closed-cleft conformations of the glutamate-bound LBD. Theoretical Boltzmann-weighted small-angle X-ray scattering profiles improve agreement with experimental results compared with calculations from the LBD crystal structure alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Wied
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Alfred C Chin
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Albert Y Lau
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Chandra N, Awasthi R, Ozdogan T, Johenning FW, Imbrosci B, Morris G, Schmitz D, Barkai E. A Cellular Mechanism Underlying Enhanced Capability for Complex Olfactory Discrimination Learning. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0198-18.2019. [PMID: 30783614 PMCID: PMC6378325 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0198-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological mechanisms underlying complex forms of learning requiring the understanding of rules based on previous experience are not yet known. Previous studies have raised the intriguing possibility that improvement in complex learning tasks requires the long-term modulation of intrinsic neuronal excitability, induced by reducing the conductance of the slow calcium-dependent potassium current (sIAHP) simultaneously in most neurons in the relevant neuronal networks in several key brain areas. Such sIAHP reduction is expressed in attenuation of the postburst afterhyperpolarization (AHP) potential, and thus in enhanced repetitive action potential firing. Using complex olfactory discrimination (OD) learning as a model for complex learning, we show that brief activation of the GluK2 subtype glutamate receptor results in long-lasting enhancement of neuronal excitability in neurons from controls, but not from trained rats. Such an effect can be obtained by a brief tetanic synaptic stimulation or by direct application of kainate, both of which reduce the postburst AHP in pyramidal neurons. Induction of long-lasting enhancement of neuronal excitability is mediated via a metabotropic process that requires PKC and ERK activation. Intrinsic neuronal excitability cannot be modulated by synaptic activation in neurons from GluK2 knock-out mice. Accordingly, these mice are incapable of learning the complex OD task. Moreover, viral-induced overexpression of Gluk2 in piriform cortex pyramidal neurons results in remarkable enhancement of complex OD learning. Thus, signaling via kainate receptors has a central functional role in higher cognitive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edi Barkai
- University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
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Zhawar VK, Kandpal RP, Athwal RS. Isoforms of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor GRIK2 Induce Senescence of Carcinoma Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:59-64. [PMID: 30587499 PMCID: PMC6348395 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aberrant regulation of growth and proliferation is a key feature of carcinoma cells. In order to use molecular strategies to correct these defects toward therapeutic purposes, it is important to characterize the entire spectrum of causative molecules. MATERIALS AND METHODS By using gene transfer technique, SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells were transduced with an expression construct of glutamate receptor 6 (glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 2, GRIK2) in retroviral vector PQCXIP. The senescence of transduced cells was subsequently characterized. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that retroviral transduction occurs with high frequency and transduced cells continue to proliferate, albeit at a significantly reduced rate, up to 39 days. Some transduced colonies stopped proliferating after 12 days, and none of the clones proliferated beyond 37 days. The doubling time for these transduced cells increased progressively until they reached a complete cell-cycle arrest. The proliferating cells were distinguished by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The growth and cell cycle arrest in transduced cells accompanied activation of senescence-associated β-galactosidase. Furthermore, we have demonstrated a decrease in the levels of active protein kinase B and increase in the abundance of inactive cyclin-dependent kinase 1. CONCLUSION These results indicate involvement of GRIK2 in senescence and suggests GRIK2 as a potential target for therapeutic intervention of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramjit K Zhawar
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - Raj P Kandpal
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, U.S.A.
| | - Raghbir S Athwal
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A.
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Gurung S, Evans AJ, Wilkinson KA, Henley JM. ADAR2-mediated Q/R editing of GluK2 regulates kainate receptor upscaling in response to suppression of synaptic activity. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs222273. [PMID: 30559217 PMCID: PMC6307878 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kainate receptors (KARs) regulate neuronal excitability and network function. Most KARs contain the subunit GluK2 (also known as GRIK2), and the properties of these receptors are determined in part by ADAR2 (also known as ADARB1)-mediated mRNA editing of GluK2, which changes a genomically encoded glutamine residue into an arginine residue (Q/R editing). Suppression of synaptic activity reduces ADAR2-dependent Q/R editing of GluK2 with a consequential increase in GluK2-containing KAR surface expression. However, the mechanism underlying this reduction in GluK2 editing has not been addressed. Here, we show that induction of KAR upscaling, a phenomenon in which surface expression of receptors is increased in response to a chronic decrease in synaptic activity, results in proteasomal degradation of ADAR2, which reduces GluK2 Q/R editing. Because KARs incorporating unedited GluK2(Q) assemble and exit the ER more efficiently, this leads to an upscaling of KAR surface expression. Consistent with this, we demonstrate that partial ADAR2 knockdown phenocopies and occludes KAR upscaling. Moreover, we show that although the AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunit GluA2 (also known as GRIA2) also undergoes ADAR2-dependent Q/R editing, this process does not mediate AMPAR upscaling. These data demonstrate that activity-dependent regulation of ADAR2 proteostasis and GluK2 Q/R editing are key determinants of KAR, but not AMPAR, trafficking and upscaling.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Gurung
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Ashley J Evans
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kevin A Wilkinson
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Jeremy M Henley
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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41
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Duan GF, Ye Y, Xu S, Tao W, Zhao S, Jin T, Nicoll RA, Shi YS, Sheng N. Signal peptide represses GluK1 surface and synaptic trafficking through binding to amino-terminal domain. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4879. [PMID: 30451858 PMCID: PMC6242971 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Kainate-type glutamate receptors play critical roles in excitatory synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity in the brain. GluK1 and GluK2 possess fundamentally different capabilities in surface trafficking as well as synaptic targeting in hippocampal CA1 neurons. Here we find that the excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) are significantly increased by the chimeric GluK1(SPGluK2) receptor, in which the signal peptide of GluK1 is replaced with that of GluK2. Coexpression of GluK1 signal peptide completely suppresses the gain in trafficking ability of GluK1(SPGluK2), indicating that the signal peptide represses receptor trafficking in a trans manner. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the signal peptide directly interacts with the amino-terminal domain (ATD) to inhibit the synaptic and surface expression of GluK1. Thus, we have uncovered a trafficking mechanism for kainate receptors and propose that the cleaved signal peptide behaves as a ligand of GluK1, through binding with the ATD, to repress forward trafficking of the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Minister of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210032, China
| | - Yaxin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Sha Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Wucheng Tao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, 94143, CA, USA
| | - Shiping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230007, China
| | - Roger A Nicoll
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, 94143, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, 94143, CA, USA
| | - Yun Stone Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, and Minister of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210032, China.
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210032, China.
| | - Nengyin Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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Marshall JJ, Xu J, Contractor A. Kainate Receptors Inhibit Glutamate Release Via Mobilization of Endocannabinoids in Striatal Direct Pathway Spiny Projection Neurons. J Neurosci 2018; 38:3901-3910. [PMID: 29540547 PMCID: PMC5907053 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1788-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Kainate receptors are members of the glutamate receptor family that function by both generating ionotropic currents through an integral ion channel pore and coupling to downstream metabotropic signaling pathways. They are highly expressed in the striatum, yet their roles in regulating striatal synapses are not known. Using mice of both sexes, we demonstrate that GluK2-containing kainate receptors expressed in direct pathway spiny projection neurons (dSPNs) inhibit glutamate release at corticostriatal synapses in the dorsolateral striatum. This inhibition requires postsynaptic kainate-receptor-mediated mobilization of a retrograde endocannabinoid (eCB) signal and activation of presynaptic CB1 receptors. This pathway can be activated during repetitive 25 Hz trains of synaptic stimulation, causing short-term depression of corticostriatal synapses. This is the first study to demonstrate a role for kainate receptors in regulating eCB-mediated plasticity at the corticostriatal synapse and demonstrates an important role for these receptors in regulating basal ganglia circuits.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The GRIK2 gene, encoding the GluK2 subunit of the kainate receptor, has been linked to several neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders including obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Perseverative behaviors associated with OCD are known to result from pathophysiological changes in the striatum and kainate receptor knock-out mice have striatal-dependent phenotypes. However, the role of kainate receptors in striatal synapses is not known. We demonstrate that GluK2-containing kainate receptors regulate corticostriatal synapses by mobilizing endocannabinoids from direct pathway spiny projection neurons. Synaptic activation of GluK2 receptors during trains of synaptic input causes short-term synaptic depression, demonstrating a novel role for these receptors in regulating striatal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Marshall
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611 and
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611 and
| | - Anis Contractor
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611 and
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
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Clifford RL, Fishbane N, Patel J, MacIsaac JL, McEwen LM, Fisher AJ, Brandsma CA, Nair P, Kobor MS, Hackett TL, Knox AJ. Altered DNA methylation is associated with aberrant gene expression in parenchymal but not airway fibroblasts isolated from individuals with COPD. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:32. [PMID: 29527240 PMCID: PMC5838860 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease of the lungs that is currently the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Genetic factors account for only a small amount of COPD risk, but epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, have the potential to mediate the interactions between an individual's genetics and environmental exposure. DNA methylation is highly cell type-specific, and individual cell type studies of DNA methylation in COPD are sparse. Fibroblasts are present within the airway and parenchyma of the lung and contribute to the aberrant deposition of extracellular matrix in COPD. No assessment or comparison of genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in the airway and parenchymal fibroblasts from individuals with and without COPD has been undertaken. These data provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms contributing to COPD and the differing pathologies of small airways disease and emphysema in COPD. Methods Genome-wide DNA methylation was evaluated at over 485,000 CpG sites using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array in the airway (non-COPD n = 8, COPD n = 7) and parenchymal fibroblasts (non-COPD n = 17, COPD n = 29) isolated from individuals with and without COPD. Targeted gene expression was assessed by qPCR in matched RNA samples. Results Differentially methylated DNA regions were identified between cells isolated from individuals with and without COPD in both airway and parenchymal fibroblasts. Only in parenchymal fibroblasts was differential DNA methylation associated with differential gene expression. A second analysis of differential DNA methylation variability identified 359 individual differentially variable CpG sites in parenchymal fibroblasts. No differentially variable CpG sites were identified in the airway fibroblasts. Five differentially variable-methylated CpG sites, associated with three genes, were subsequently assessed for gene expression differences. Two genes (OAT and GRIK2) displayed significantly increased gene expression in cells isolated from individuals with COPD. Conclusions Differential and variable DNA methylation was associated with COPD status in the parenchymal fibroblasts but not airway fibroblasts. Aberrant DNA methylation was associated with altered gene expression imparting biological function to DNA methylation changes. Changes in DNA methylation are therefore implicated in the molecular mechanisms underlying COPD pathogenesis and may represent novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Clifford
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham MRC Molecular Pathology Node, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nick Fishbane
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jamie Patel
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham MRC Molecular Pathology Node, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Julia L. MacIsaac
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lisa M. McEwen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Fisher
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC (Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and COPD), University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph’s Healthcare and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Michael S. Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tillie-Louise Hackett
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology, & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alan J. Knox
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham MRC Molecular Pathology Node, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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Wang L, Liu Y, Lu R, Dong G, Chen X, Yun W, Zhou X. The role of S-nitrosylation of kainate-type of ionotropic glutamate receptor 2 in epilepsy induced by kainic acid. J Neurochem 2018; 144:255-270. [PMID: 29193067 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease affecting millions of individuals. Kainate receptors, especially kainate-type of ionotropic glutamate receptor 2 (GluK2), play an important role in epileptogenesis. Recent data showed that GluK2 could undergo post-translational modifications in terms of S-nitrosylation (SNO), and affect the signaling pathway of cell death in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. However, it is unclear whether S-nitrosylation of GluK2 (SNO-GluK2) contributes to cell death induced by epilepsy. Here, we report that kainic acid-induced SNO-GluK2 is mediated by GluK2 itself, regulated by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and the level of cytoplasmic calcium in vivo and in vitro hippocampus neurons. The whole-cell patch clamp recordings showed the influence of SNO-GluK2 on ion channel characterization of GluK2-Kainate receptors. Moreover, immunohistochemistry staining results showed that inhibition of SNO-GluK2 by blocking nNOS or GluK2 or by reducing the level of cytoplasmic calcium-protected hippocampal neurons from kainic acid-induced injury. Finally, immunoprecipitation and western blotting data revealed the involvement of assembly of a GluK2-PSD95-nNOS signaling complex in epilepsy. Taken together, our results showed that the SNO-GluK2 plays an important role in neuronal injury of epileptic rats by forming GluK2-PSD95-nNOS signaling module in a cytoplasmic calcium-dependent way, suggesting a potential therapeutic target site for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiao Wang
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rulan Lu
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guoying Dong
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenwei Yun
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xianju Zhou
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Shemesh OA, Tanese D, Zampini V, Linghu C, Piatkevich K, Ronzitti E, Papagiakoumou E, Boyden ES, Emiliani V. Temporally precise single-cell-resolution optogenetics. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:1796-1806. [PMID: 29184208 PMCID: PMC5726564 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-017-0018-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetic control of individual neurons with high temporal precision within intact mammalian brain circuitry would enable powerful explorations of how neural circuits operate. Two-photon computer-generated holography enables precise sculpting of light and could in principle enable simultaneous illumination of many neurons in a network, with the requisite temporal precision to simulate accurate neural codes. We designed a high-efficacy soma-targeted opsin, finding that fusing the N-terminal 150 residues of kainate receptor subunit 2 (KA2) to the recently discovered high-photocurrent channelrhodopsin CoChR restricted expression of this opsin primarily to the cell body of mammalian cortical neurons. In combination with two-photon holographic stimulation, we found that this somatic CoChR (soCoChR) enabled photostimulation of individual cells in mouse cortical brain slices with single-cell resolution and <1-ms temporal precision. We used soCoChR to perform connectivity mapping on intact cortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or A Shemesh
- Media Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dimitrii Tanese
- Neurophotonics Laboratory, Wave Front Engineering Microscopy Group, CNRS UMR8250, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Valeria Zampini
- Neurophotonics Laboratory, Wave Front Engineering Microscopy Group, CNRS UMR8250, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Institut de la Vision, UM 80, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Changyang Linghu
- Media Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kiryl Piatkevich
- Media Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emiliano Ronzitti
- Neurophotonics Laboratory, Wave Front Engineering Microscopy Group, CNRS UMR8250, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Institut de la Vision, UM 80, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Eirini Papagiakoumou
- Neurophotonics Laboratory, Wave Front Engineering Microscopy Group, CNRS UMR8250, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm), Paris, France
| | - Edward S Boyden
- Media Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Neurophotonics Laboratory, Wave Front Engineering Microscopy Group, CNRS UMR8250, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
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Abstract
Phosphorylation and SUMOylation of the kainate receptor (KAR) subunit GluK2 have been shown to regulate KAR surface expression, trafficking and synaptic plasticity. In addition, our previous study has shown that a phosphorylation-dependent interaction of 14-3-3τ and GluK2a-containing receptors contributes to the slow decay kinetics of native KAR-EPSCs. However, it is unknown whether SUMOylation participates in the regulation of the interaction between 14-3-3τ and GluK2a-containing receptors. Here we report that SUMOylation of PKC, but not GluK2, represses the binding of 14-3-3τ to GluK2a via decreasing the phosphorylation level of GluK2a. These results suggest that PKC SUMOylation is an important regulator of the 14-3-3 and GluK2a protein complex and may contribute to regulate the decay kinetics of KAR-EPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aoxue Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Liang P, Li F, Liu J, Liao D, Huang H, Zhou C. Sevoflurane activates hippocampal CA3 kainate receptors (Gluk2) to induce hyperactivity during induction and recovery in a mouse model. Br J Anaesth 2017; 119:1047-1054. [PMID: 28981700 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to general anaesthetic effects, sevoflurane can also induce hyperactive behaviours during induction and recovery, which may contribute to neurotoxicity; however, the mechanism of such effects is unclear. Volatile anaesthetics including isoflurane have been found to activate the kainate (GluK2) receptor. We developed a novel mouse model and further explored the involvement of kainate (GluK2) receptors in sevoflurane-induced hyperactivity. METHODS Maximal speed, mean speed, total movement distance and resting percentage of C57BL/6 mice were quantitatively measured using behavioural tracking software before and after sevoflurane anaesthesia. Age dependence of this model was also analysed and sevoflurane-induced hyperactivity was evaluated after intracerebral injection of the GluK2 receptor blocker NS-102. Neurones from the hippocampal CA3 region were used to undertake in vitro electrophysiological measurement of kainate currents and miniature excitatory postsynaptic potential (mEPSP). RESULTS Sevoflurane induced significant hyperactivities in mice under sevoflurane 1% anaesthesia and during the recovery period, characterized as increased movement speed and total distance. The hyperactivity was significantly increased in young mice compared with adults (P<0.01) and pre-injection of NS-102 significantly prevented this sevoflurane-induced hyperactivity. In electrophysiological experiments, sevoflurane significantly increased the frequency of mEPSP at low concentrations and evoked kainate currents at high concentrations. CONCLUSIONS We developed a behavioural model in mice that enabled characterization of sevoflurane-induced hyperactivity. The kainate (GluK2) receptor antagonist attenuated these sevoflurane-induced hyperactivities in vivo, suggesting that kainate receptors might be the underlying therapeutic targets for sevoflurane-induced hyperactivities in general anaesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Liang
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - F Li
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - J Liu
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - D Liao
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - H Huang
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - C Zhou
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
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Daniel C, Widmark A, Rigardt D, Öhman M. Editing inducer elements increases A-to-I editing efficiency in the mammalian transcriptome. Genome Biol 2017; 18:195. [PMID: 29061182 PMCID: PMC5654063 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-017-1324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing has been shown to be an essential event that plays a significant role in neuronal function, as well as innate immunity, in mammals. It requires a structure that is largely double-stranded for catalysis but little is known about what determines editing efficiency and specificity in vivo. We have previously shown that some editing sites require adjacent long stem loop structures acting as editing inducer elements (EIEs) for efficient editing. RESULTS The glutamate receptor subunit A2 is edited at the Q/R site in almost 100% of all transcripts. We show that efficient editing at the Q/R site requires an EIE in the downstream intron, separated by an internal loop. Also, other efficiently edited sites are flanked by conserved, highly structured EIEs and we propose that this is a general requisite for efficient editing, while sites with low levels of editing lack EIEs. This phenomenon is not limited to mRNA, as non-coding primary miRNAs also use EIEs to recruit ADAR to specific sites. CONCLUSIONS We propose a model where two regions of dsRNA are required for efficient editing: first, an RNA stem that recruits ADAR and increases the local concentration of the enzyme, then a shorter, less stable duplex that is ideal for efficient and specific catalysis. This discovery changes the way we define and determine a substrate for A-to-I editing. This will be important in the discovery of novel editing sites, as well as explaining cases of altered editing in relation to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chammiran Daniel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albin Widmark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ditte Rigardt
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Öhman
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Yang H, Zhao N, Lv L, Yan X, Hu S, Xu T. Functional research and molecular mechanism of Kainic acid-induced denitrosylation of thioredoxin-1 in rat hippocampus. Neurochem Int 2017; 108:448-456. [PMID: 28603024 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) has long been recognized as a redox regulator, and is implicated in the inhibition of cell apoptosis. Trx1 is essential for the maintenance of the S-nitrosylation of molecules in cells. The S-nitrosylation of Trx1 is essential for the physiological function such as preservation of the redox regulatory activity. The mechanisms underlying Trx1 denitrosylation induced by kainate acid (KA) injection still remain uncharacterized. Our results showed that the S-nitrosylation levels of Trx1 were decreased subsequent to KA injection and that the glutamate receptor 6 (GluR6) antagonist NS102 could inhibit the denitrosylation of Trx1. Moreover, the denitrosylation of Trx1 following KA treatment could be suppressed by the Fas ligand (FasL) antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs), the Trx reductase (TrxR) inhibitor dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), or the Nitric oxide (NO) donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). Subsequently, these mechanisms were morphologically validated by cresyl violet staining, in situ TUNEL staining to detect the survival of CA1 and CA3/DG pyramidal neurons. NS102, FasL AS-ODNs, GSNO and SNP could provide neuroprotection of the pyramidal neurons of CA1 and CA3/dentate gyrus (DG) regions by attenuating Trx1 denitrosylation. Our results also showed that the denitrosylation of Trx1 induced by KA injection can active the caspase-3 which results in apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongning Yang
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Ningjun Zhao
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Emergency Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Lanxin Lv
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Xianliang Yan
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Emergency Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China.
| | - Shuqun Hu
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China.
| | - Tie Xu
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Emergency Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China.
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50
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de Luca E, Ravasenga T, Petrini EM, Polenghi A, Nieus T, Guazzi S, Barberis A. Inter-Synaptic Lateral Diffusion of GABAA Receptors Shapes Inhibitory Synaptic Currents. Neuron 2017; 95:63-69.e5. [PMID: 28683270 PMCID: PMC5500312 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The lateral mobility of neurotransmitter receptors has been shown to tune synaptic signals. Here we report that GABAA receptors (GABAARs) can diffuse between adjacent dendritic GABAergic synapses in long-living desensitized states, thus laterally spreading "activation memories" between inhibitory synapses. Glutamatergic activity limits this inter-synaptic diffusion by trapping GABAARs at excitatory synapses. This novel form of activity-dependent hetero-synaptic interplay is likely to modulate dendritic synaptic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela de Luca
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy
| | - Tiziana Ravasenga
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy
| | - Enrica Maria Petrini
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy
| | - Alice Polenghi
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy
| | - Thierry Nieus
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco," Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Guazzi
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Barberis
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy.
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