1
|
Chen J, Bearz A, Kim DW, Mamdani H, Bauman J, Chiari R, Ou SHI, Solomon BJ, Soo RA, Felip E, Shaw AT, Thurm H, Clancy JS, Lee K, O'Gorman M, Tanski C, Pithavala YK. Evaluation of the Effect of Lorlatinib on CYP2B6, CYP2C9, UGT, and P-Glycoprotein Substrates in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Pharmacokinet 2024; 63:171-182. [PMID: 38079095 PMCID: PMC10847213 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-023-01309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lorlatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small cell lung cancer. This study assessed the effect of steady-state lorlatinib on the metabolic enzymes cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B6, CYP2C9, and uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter. METHODS Thirty-two patients received a single oral dose of a probe drug on Day - 2 to determine the pharmacokinetics of the probe drug alone. Starting on Day 1, patients received 100 mg oral lorlatinib daily. On Day 15, a single oral dose of the probe drug was administered concurrently with lorlatinib. Pharmacokinetic parameters for these probe substrates were assessed. RESULTS Plasma exposures of all probe substrates were reduced by lorlatinib compared with the probe alone. The greatest reduction in area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC∞) and maximum (peak) plasma drug concentration (Cmax) (67% and 63% decrease, respectively) was observed with the P-gp probe substrate fexofenadine. Lorlatinib coadministration also decreased the AUC∞ and Cmax of bupropion (CYP2B6 probe substrate) by 25% and 27%, tolbutamide (CYP2C9 probe substrate) by 43% and 15%, and acetaminophen (UGT probe substrate) by 45% and 28%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lorlatinib is a net moderate inducer of P-gp and a weak inducer of CYP2B6, CYP2C9, and UGT after steady state is achieved with daily dosing. Medications that are P-gp substrates with a narrow therapeutic window should be avoided in patients taking lorlatinib; no dose modifications are needed with substrates of CYP2B6, CYP2C9, or UGT. CLINICALTRIALS gov: NCT01970865.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Chen
- Pfizer, New York, NY, USA
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hirva Mamdani
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Rita Chiari
- Medical Oncology, AULSS6 Veneto, Padua, Italy
| | - Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | | | - Ross A Soo
- National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gridelli C, Tiseo M, Cortinovis DL, Migliorino MR, Barbieri V, Bironzo P, Bearz A, Attili I, de Marinis F. Sharing Experience with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Lung Cancer: An Italian Expert Panel Discussion. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:10033-10042. [PMID: 37999149 PMCID: PMC10670405 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30110729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have revolutionized the treatment and largely improved the survival outcomes of patients with NSCLC harboring ALK rearrangements. Different ALK TKI compounds have demonstrated antitumor activity in these patients and are available in clinical practice. However, clinical expertise across countries varies according to local regulatory approval of different drugs, identifying multiple treatment scenarios to comply with international guidelines and clinical practice. METHODS A virtual webinar was held on July 2023 to discuss the state of the art and future perspectives in the treatment of ALK rearrangement in advanced NSCLC in Italy. The faculty hosting the webinar was composed of eight medical oncologists from different regions of Italy with clinical expertise in treating patients with lung cancer. Live-shared notes were used to produce a report to serve as the basis of a review manuscript on the topic. RESULTS Alectinib and brigatinib are the preferred front-line treatment options in Italy, pending approval of the front-line medicine lorlatinib, which would be considered among the choices. Due to a local regulatory limitation of second-line lorlatinib, which is not allowed after front-line brigatinib, alectinib is commonly the preferred front-line choice to follow a sequence of alectinib, followed by lorlatinib, followed by platinum plus pemetrexed chemotherapy. Age and performance status were not considered per se as clinical features influencing treatment choice. However, treatment compliance is deemed a relevant factor in decision making with regard to the number of pills to be administered. In general, given the availability of alternative choices, the spectrum of patients' comorbidities and polypharmacotherapy interactions should be taken into account in treatment selection according to the toxicity profile of each compound. In addition, several issues were debated with regard to improving treatment outcomes, including testing, brain metastases, and management of an oligoprogressive disease. CONCLUSIONS The treatment scenario of ALK-positive disease is dynamically evolving. Furthermore, not all FDA- and EMA-approved compounds are approved in Italy with the same indications. This influences therapeutic opportunities and increases the need for greater clinical expertise to help and guide treatment selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Gridelli
- Division of Medical Oncology, “S.G. Moscati” Hospital, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
| | - Marcello Tiseo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Vito Barbieri
- Medical Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paolo Bironzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bearz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Attili
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Marinis
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bearz A, Martini JF, Jassem J, Kim SW, Chang GC, Shaw AT, Shepard DA, Dall'O' E, Polli A, Thurm H, Zalcman G, Garcia Campelo MR, Penkov K, Hayashi H, Solomon BJ. Efficacy of Lorlatinib in Treatment-Naive Patients With ALK-Positive Advanced NSCLC in Relation to EML4::ALK Variant Type and ALK With or Without TP53 Mutations. J Thorac Oncol 2023; 18:1581-1593. [PMID: 37541389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lorlatinib, a third-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor, improved outcomes compared with crizotinib in patients with previously untreated ALK-positive advanced NSCLC in the phase 3 CROWN study. Here, we investigated response correlates using plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tumor tissue profiling. METHODS ALK fusions and ALK with or without TP53 mutations were assessed by next-generation sequencing. End points included objective response rate (ORR), duration of response, and progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review on the basis of EML4::ALK variants and ALK with or without TP53 or other mutation status. RESULTS ALK fusions were detected in the ctDNA of 62 patients in the lorlatinib arm and 64 patients in the crizotinib arm. ORRs were numerically higher with lorlatinib versus crizotinib for EML4::ALK variant 1 (v1; 80.0% versus 50.0%) and variant 2 (v2; 85.7% versus 50.0%) but were similar between the arms for variant 3 (v3; 72.2% versus 73.9%). Median PFS in the lorlatinib arm was not reached for EML4::ALK v1 and v2 and was 33.3 months for v3; in the crizotinib arm, median PFS was 7.4 months, not reached, and 5.5 months, respectively. ORRs and PFS were improved with lorlatinib versus crizotinib regardless of TP53 mutation status and in patients harboring preexisting bypass pathway resistance alterations. In the lorlatinib arm, PFS was lower in patients who had a co-occurring TP53 mutation. Results from ctDNA analysis were similar to those observed with tumor tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS Patients with untreated ALK-positive advanced NSCLC derived greater clinical benefits, with higher ORRs and potentially longer PFS, when treated with lorlatinib compared with crizotinib, independent of EML4::ALK variant or ALK mutations, TP53 mutations, or bypass resistance alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bearz
- Division of Medical Oncology, CRO National Cancer Institute of Aviano, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Jacek Jassem
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- School of Medicine and Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Alice T Shaw
- Center for Thoracic Cancers, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Elisa Dall'O'
- Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Polli
- Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer, Milan, Italy
| | - Holger Thurm
- Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer, La Jolla, California
| | - Gerard Zalcman
- Thoracic Oncology, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | | | - Konstantin Penkov
- Private Medical Institution, Euromedservice, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Hidetoshi Hayashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Benjamin J Solomon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu G, Lam VK. Podcast on Lorlatinib as a First-Line Treatment Option for Patients with ALK-Positive Metastatic NSCLC with Brain Metastasis. Adv Ther 2023; 40:4117-4126. [PMID: 37573276 PMCID: PMC10499938 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02606-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastases are especially common in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a cumulative incidence of over 50% and associated with a poor prognosis, high symptom burden, and decreased quality of life. Lorlatinib is a brain-penetrant, third-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), which has a high potency against resistance mutations seen with earlier generation ALK TKIs. In 2018, lorlatinib was granted accelerated approval in second- and third-line treatment for use in patients with ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC on the basis of phase 1/2 study results. This initial approval was expanded for first-line treatment of patients with ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC on the basis of the interim analysis of the phase 3 CROWN study showing longer progression-free survival, time to intracranial progression, duration of response, and objective response rate compared with crizotinib. This manuscript is a transcript of our podcast, in which we discuss the clinical significance of controlling the onset of brain metastases, considerations in selecting a first-line therapy option, efficacy and safety observed in patients with and without brain metastases, and rationales for using lorlatinib upfront versus reserving for a later line in therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vincent K Lam
- Johns Hopkins Medicine, 201 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stiefel J, Kushner BH, Roberts SS, Iglesias-Cardenas F, Kramer K, Modak S. Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitors for Therapy of Neuroblastoma in Adults. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2300138. [PMID: 37561984 PMCID: PMC10581627 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Adult-onset neuroblastoma (AON) differs significantly in biology and clinical behavior from childhood-onset disease. AON poses therapeutic challenges since tolerance of intensive multimodality therapies that are standard of care for pediatric neuroblastoma (NB) is poor. AON is enriched for somatic mutations including anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), deemed to be an oncogenic driver in NB. ALK inhibitors (ALKis), therefore, have the potential to be of therapeutic benefit. The purpose of this study is to report on their use in AON. METHODS A single-center retrospective review of adults with NB receiving ALKi (2012-2022) was performed. Response was evaluated using International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria. RESULTS Fifteen patients with ALK-mutated AON were treated with US Food and Drug Administration-approved ALKi starting at a median age of 34 (16-71) years. Initial ALKi was lorlatinib, crizotinib, and alectinib in seven, five, and three patients respectively; seven received multiple ALKis due to progressive disease/intolerability of one agent. All patients experienced ≥grade 2 adverse events (AEs): crizotinib and alectinib were associated primarily with gastrointestinal AEs, lorlatinib with neurologic AEs, weight gain, and hyperlipidemia resulting in dose reduction or discontinuation of ALKi in several patients. No responses were observed with crizotinib (n = 5 patients), ceritinib, alectinib, or brigatinib (n = 1 each). Of the 13 patients receiving lorlatinib, four, five, and four patients had a complete or partial response (major response rate 69%), and stable disease, respectively. Responses were noted in all disease compartments; complete metabolic response was seen in two L2 patients. Ten of 13 patients remain progression-free at a median of 19 (6-50) months on lorlatinib. Three (two receiving dose-reduced therapy) had progressive disease. Median survival from start of first ALKi was 43 ± 26 months. CONCLUSION ALKis, particularly lorlatinib, are effective treatment options for AON. However, AEs necessitating dose reduction are common.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Stiefel
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Brian H. Kushner
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Stephen S. Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Kim Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Shakeel Modak
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Smith S, Albuquerque de Almeida F, Inês M, Iadeluca L, Cooper M. Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparisons of Lorlatinib Versus Chemotherapy for Patients With Second-Line or Later Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Value Health 2023; 26:64-70. [PMID: 35985941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the relative efficacy of lorlatinib, an anaplastic lymphoma kinase-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with chemotherapy, for patients with second-line or later advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small cell lung cancer. The endpoints of interest were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). METHODS Evidence for lorlatinib was informed by the single-arm phase I/II trial B7461001. A systematic literature review (SLR) was performed to identify OS and PFS data for chemotherapy. Unanchored matching-adjusted indirect comparisons (MAICs) between lorlatinib and chemotherapy (pemetrexed/docetaxel, platinum-based, or systemic therapy) were performed. RESULTS The SLR identified 3 relevant studies reporting PFS. Lorlatinib was associated with a significant decrease in the hazard of progression versus the 2 types of chemotherapy assessed. For PFS, the MAIC of lorlatinib versus the combined treatment arm of docetaxel or pemetrexed resulted in an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.15-0.31). When lorlatinib was compared with platinum-based chemotherapy through an MAIC, the adjusted HR for PFS was 0.40 (95% CI 0.29-0.55). An exploratory comparison was performed for OS with evidence for systemic therapy (assumed equivalent to chemotherapy) not identified in the SLR. Lorlatinib provided a significant decrease in hazard of death (OS) versus systemic therapy, with HRs ranging from 0.12 (95% CI 0.05-0.27) to 0.43 (95% CI 0.27-0.60). CONCLUSIONS Lorlatinib demonstrated a significant improvement in PFS compared with chemotherapy, although limitations in the analyses were identified. The evidence informing OS comparisons was highly limited but suggested benefit of lorlatinib compared with systemic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Smith
- BresMed Health Solutions, Sheffield, England, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Solomon BJ, Bauer TM, Mok TSK, Liu G, Mazieres J, de Marinis F, Goto Y, Kim DW, Wu YL, Jassem J, López FL, Soo RA, Shaw AT, Polli A, Messina R, Iadeluca L, Toffalorio F, Felip E. Efficacy and safety of first-line lorlatinib versus crizotinib in patients with advanced, ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: updated analysis of data from the phase 3, randomised, open-label CROWN study. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2022; 11:354-366. [PMID: 36535300 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(22)00437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After a median follow-up of 18·3 months, the third-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine-kinase inhibitor, lorlatinib, improved progression-free survival in patients with treatment-naive, ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer in the phase 3 CROWN study. Here we report updated efficacy data, including intracranial activity, from an unplanned analysis after 3 years of follow-up. METHODS CROWN is an ongoing, international, randomised, open-label phase 3 trial done in 104 centres in 23 countries worldwide. Eligible participants were aged 18 years and older or aged 20 years and older (depending on local regulations) with advanced, ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer, had received no previous systemic treatment for metastatic disease, had at least one extracranial measurable target lesion (according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours [RECIST], version 1.1), and had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0-2. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to oral lorlatinib 100 mg daily or oral crizotinib 250 mg twice daily in 28-day cycles. Randomisation was stratified by the presence or absence of brain metastasis, and by ethnicity. Since the primary endpoint of the study had been met at the planned interim analysis, no further formal analysis of progression-free survival was planned, per protocol. The current unplanned analysis was done to further characterise tumour-related endpoints with a longer follow-up and is presented descriptively. For the planned study, the primary endpoint was progression-free survival assessed by blinded independent central review. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (investigator), objective response rate, intracranial objective response rate, time to intracranial progression, duration of response, intracranial duration of response, and safety. Efficacy endpoints were also assessed by the presence or absence of baseline brain metastases. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03052608. FINDINGS Between May 11, 2017, and Feb 28, 2019, 425 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 296 were enrolled and randomly assigned to the lorlatinib (n=149) or crizotinib (n=147) group. At data cutoff for this unplanned analysis (Sept 20, 2021), median duration of follow-up for progression-free survival was 36·7 months (IQR 31·3-41·9) for lorlatinib and 29·3 months (10·8-35·0) for crizotinib. Median progression-free survival by blinded independent central review was not reached (95% CI not reached-not reached) for lorlatinib and was 9·3 months (7·6-11·1) for crizotinib (hazard ratio [HR] 0·27 [95% CI 0·18-0·39]). 3-year progression-free survival was 64% (95% CI 55-71) in the lorlatinib group and 19% (12-27) in the crizotinib group. Progression-free survival (investigator), objective response rate, intracranial objective response rate, time to intracranial progression, and duration of response were improved with lorlatinib versus crizotinib. In patients with baseline brain metastases (n=37 lorlatinib; n=39 crizotinib), the HR for time to intracranial progression for lorlatinib versus crizotinib was 0·10 (95% CI 0·04-0·27); in patients without baseline brain metastases (n=112 lorlatinib; n=108 crizotinib), the HR was 0·02 (95% CI 0·002-0·14). In patients without brain metastases, one (1%) in the lorlatinib group and 25 (23%) in the crizotinib group had intracranial progression. Grade 3-4 adverse events occurred in 113 (76%) of 149 patients (most commonly due to altered lipid levels) with lorlatinib and in 81 (57%) of 142 patients with crizotinib. Adverse events led to treatment discontinuation in 11 (7%) patients in the lorlatinib group and 14 (10%) patients in the crizotinib group. There were no new safety signals. INTERPRETATION These updated, long-term data from CROWN show the durable benefit of lorlatinib over crizotinib in patients with treatment-naive, ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer and support the use of first-line lorlatinib in patients with and without baseline brain metastases. FUNDING Pfizer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Todd M Bauer
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tony S K Mok
- State Key Laboratory of South China, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, China
| | | | - Julien Mazieres
- Thoracic Oncology Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Yasushi Goto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Jacek Jassem
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Ross A Soo
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
| | - Alice T Shaw
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Enriqueta Felip
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Solomon BJ, Bauer TM, Ignatius Ou SH, Liu G, Hayashi H, Bearz A, Penkov K, Wu YL, Arrieta O, Jassem J, Calella AM, Peltz G, Polli A, Thurm H, Mok T. Post Hoc Analysis of Lorlatinib Intracranial Efficacy and Safety in Patients With ALK-Positive Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer From the Phase III CROWN Study. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40:3593-3602. [PMID: 35605188 PMCID: PMC9622589 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.02278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Lorlatinib significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) versus crizotinib and showed robust intracranial activity in patients with previously untreated advanced ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the phase III CROWN trial. Here, we report post hoc efficacy outcomes in patients with and without brain metastases at baseline, and present data on the incidence and management of CNS adverse events (AEs) in CROWN. METHODS Eligible patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to first-line lorlatinib (100 mg once daily) or crizotinib (250 mg twice a day); no crossover between treatment arms was permitted. Tumor assessments, including CNS magnetic resonance imaging, were performed at screening and then at 8-week intervals. Regular assessments of patient-reported outcomes were conducted. RESULTS PFS by blinded independent central review was improved with lorlatinib versus crizotinib in patients with and without brain metastases at baseline (12-month PFS rates: 78% v 22% and 78% v 45%, respectively). Lorlatinib was associated with lower 12-month cumulative incidence of CNS progression versus crizotinib in patients with (7% v 72%) and without (1% v 18%) brain metastases at baseline. In total, 35% of patients had CNS AEs with lorlatinib, most of grade 1 severity. Occurrence of CNS AEs did not result in a clinically meaningful difference in patient-reported quality of life. At analysis, 56% of CNS AEs had resolved (33% without intervention; 17% with lorlatinib dose modification), and 38% were unresolved; most required no intervention. Lorlatinib dose modification did not notably influence PFS. CONCLUSION First-line lorlatinib improved PFS outcomes and reduced CNS progression versus crizotinib in patients with advanced ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer with or without brain metastases at baseline. Half of all CNS AEs resolved without intervention or with lorlatinib dose modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Todd M. Bauer
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Alessandra Bearz
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Konstantin Penkov
- Private Medical Institution Euromedservice, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tony Mok
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Video: Lorlatinib podcast video
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Bauer
- Sarah Cannon Cancer Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, 250 25th Ave., Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
| | - Erin M Bertino
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang YK, Lee WP, Wang YW, Huang YH, Hou MC, Chang YL, Lan KH. Precipitating factors causing hyperbilirubinemia during chronic hepatitis C treatment with paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir and dasabuvir. J Chin Med Assoc 2020; 83:1071-1078. [PMID: 33273269 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic decompensation is a fatal on-treatment side effect during chronic hepatitis C treatment with paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir and dasabuvir (PrOD). Prompt bilirubin testing can reveal hepatic failure in susceptible patients, and clinical parameters precipitating early elevation of bilirubin can warn clinicians to avoid PrOD prescription. METHODS This retrospective study included 169 Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-genotype 1b patients who underwent a 12-week course of PrOD with or without ribavirin. Laboratory data underwent χ analysis with Fisher's exact test to determine the precipitating factors causing hyperbilirubinemia in patients who had received 1 week of treatment. RESULTS Sustained viral response was achieved in 164 patients (97.0%). Total bilirubin was ≥2 mg/dL (21.3%) in 36 patients after 1 week of treatment. Pretreatment white blood cell (WBC) <4500/µL and platelet <100,000/µL correlated with total bilirubin ≥2 mg/dL (relative risk [RR]: 21.64, 95% CI: 5.23-89.64, p < 0.001) after 1 week of treatment. Pretreatment platelet ≥100 000/µL and WBC <4500/µL correlated with direct bilirubin ≥0.45 mg/dL (RR: 6.56, 95% CI: 1.42-30.38, p = 0.016) and indirect bilirubin ≥0.6 mg/dL (RR: 4.77, 95% CI: 1.03-22.15, p = 0.046). Pretreatment platelet <100,000/µL with F3/F4 fibrosis correlated with first week total bilirubin ≥2 mg/dL (RR: 3.57, 95% CI: 1.35-9.09, p = 0.010). CONCLUSION PrOD is an effective antiviral regimen for HCV genotype 1b patients. Total bilirubin ≥2 mg/dL after 1 week of treatment serves as an early warning of irreversible progression toward hepatic decompensation, and the current study provides a guide by which to monitor chronic hepatitis C patients undergoing PrOD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kai Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Ping Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Wen Wang
- Healthcare Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Keng-Hsin Lan
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak globally, repurposing approved drugs is emerging as important therapeutic options. Danoprevir boosted by ritonavir (Ganovo) is a potent hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease (NS3/4A) inhibitor, which was approved and marketed in China since 2018 to treat chronic hepatitis C patients. METHODS This is an open-label, single arm study evaluating the effects of danoprevir boosted by ritonavir on treatment naïve and experienced COVID-19 patients for the first time. Patients received danoprevir boosted by ritonavir (100 mg/100 mg, twice per day). The primary endpoint was the rate of composite adverse outcomes and efficacy was also evaluated. RESULTS The data showed that danoprevir boosted by ritonavir is safe and well tolerated in all patients. No patient had composite adverse outcomes during this study. After initiation of danoprevir/ritonavir treatment, the first negative reverse real-time PCR (RT-PCR) test occurred at a median of 2 days, ranging from 1 to 8 days, and the obvious absorption in CT scans occurred at a median 3 days, ranging from 2 to 4 days. After 4 to 12-day treatment of danoprevir boosted by ritonavir, all enrolled 11 patients were discharged from the hospital. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that repurposing danoprevir for COVID-19 is a promising therapeutic option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Wang
- The First Department of Infectious Disease
| | | | - Fanghua Gong
- The Second Department of Infectious Disease, The Ninth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330002, Jiangxi Province
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Ascletis Bioscience Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310051
| | - Yahong Chen
- Ascletis Bioscience Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310051
| | - Jinzi J Wu
- Ascletis Bioscience Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310051
- Ascletis Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shaw AT, Bauer TM, de Marinis F, Felip E, Goto Y, Liu G, Mazieres J, Kim DW, Mok T, Polli A, Thurm H, Calella AM, Peltz G, Solomon BJ. First-Line Lorlatinib or Crizotinib in Advanced ALK-Positive Lung Cancer. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:2018-2029. [PMID: 33207094 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2027187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 495] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lorlatinib, a third-generation inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), has antitumor activity in previously treated patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The efficacy of lorlatinib, as compared with that of crizotinib, as first-line treatment for advanced ALK-positive NSCLC is unclear. METHODS We conducted a global, randomized, phase 3 trial comparing lorlatinib with crizotinib in 296 patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC who had received no previous systemic treatment for metastatic disease. The primary end point was progression-free survival as assessed by blinded independent central review. Secondary end points included independently assessed objective response and intracranial response. An interim analysis of efficacy was planned after approximately 133 of 177 (75%) expected events of disease progression or death had occurred. RESULTS The percentage of patients who were alive without disease progression at 12 months was 78% (95% confidence interval [CI], 70 to 84) in the lorlatinib group and 39% (95% CI, 30 to 48) in the crizotinib group (hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.41; P<0.001). An objective response occurred in 76% (95% CI, 68 to 83) of the patients in the lorlatinib group and 58% (95% CI, 49 to 66) of those in the crizotinib group; among those with measurable brain metastases, 82% (95% CI, 57 to 96) and 23% (95% CI, 5 to 54), respectively, had an intracranial response, and 71% of the patients who received lorlatinib had an intracranial complete response. The most common adverse events with lorlatinib were hyperlipidemia, edema, increased weight, peripheral neuropathy, and cognitive effects. Lorlatinib was associated with more grade 3 or 4 adverse events (mainly altered lipid levels) than crizotinib (in 72% vs. 56%). Discontinuation of treatment because of adverse events occurred in 7% and 9% of the patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In an interim analysis of results among patients with previously untreated advanced ALK-positive NSCLC, those who received lorlatinib had significantly longer progression-free survival and a higher frequency of intracranial response than those who received crizotinib. The incidence of grade 3 or 4 adverse events was higher with lorlatinib than with crizotinib because of the frequent occurrence of altered lipid levels. (Funded by Pfizer; CROWN ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03052608.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice T Shaw
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Todd M Bauer
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Filippo de Marinis
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Yasushi Goto
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Julien Mazieres
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Tony Mok
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Anna Polli
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Holger Thurm
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Anna M Calella
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Gerson Peltz
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| | - Benjamin J Solomon
- From the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center (A.T.S.) and Pfizer (G.P.) - both in Boston; Sarah Cannon Research Institute-Tennessee Oncology, Nashville (T.M.B.); European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS (F.M.), and Pfizer (A.P., A.M.C.) - both in Milan; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, International Oncology Bureau-Quirón, Barcelona (E.F.); National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (Y.G.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto (G.L.); Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France (J.M.); Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (D.-W.K.); State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (T.M.); Pfizer, La Jolla, CA (H.T.); and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Reed M, Rosales ALS, Chioda MD, Parker L, Devgan G, Kettle J. Consensus Recommendations for Management and Counseling of Adverse Events Associated With Lorlatinib: A Guide for Healthcare Practitioners. Adv Ther 2020; 37:3019-3030. [PMID: 32399810 PMCID: PMC7467446 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to first- and second-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and development and progression of central nervous system metastases remain significant issues in the treatment of ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer. Lorlatinib is a novel third-generation ALK TKI that is able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and has broad-spectrum potency against most known resistance mutations that can develop during treatment with crizotinib and second-generation ALK TKIs. The safety profile of lorlatinib is distinct from those of other ALK TKIs. Adverse events are typically mild to moderate in severity, seldom result in permanent discontinuations, and are generally manageable through lorlatinib dose modifications and/or standard medical therapy. This article provides guidance to advanced practice providers (e.g., nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants) and oncology pharmacists for the clinical management of key lorlatinib-emergent adverse reactions (i.e., hyperlipidemias, central nervous system effects, bodyweight increase, edema, and peripheral neuropathy). As lorlatinib is both a substrate and inducer of the CYP3A enzyme system and is contraindicated with strong CYP3A inducers, relevant drug-drug interactions are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mollie Reed
- Tennessee Oncology, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, PLLC, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jacob Kettle
- University of Missouri Health Care, Columbia, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bauer TM, Felip E, Solomon BJ, Thurm H, Peltz G, Chioda MD, Shaw AT. Clinical Management of Adverse Events Associated with Lorlatinib. Oncologist 2019; 24:1103-1110. [PMID: 30890623 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lorlatinib is a novel, highly potent, brain-penetrant, third-generation ALK/ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), which has broad-spectrum potency against most known resistance mutations that can develop during treatment with crizotinib and second-generation ALK TKIs. The safety profile of lorlatinib was established based on 295 patients who had received the recommended dose of lorlatinib 100 mg once daily. Adverse events associated with lorlatinib are primarily mild to moderate in severity, with hypercholesterolemia (82.4%), hypertriglyceridemia (60.7%), edema (51.2%), peripheral neuropathy (43.7%), and central nervous system effects (39.7%) among the most frequently reported. These can be effectively managed with dose modification and/or standard supportive medical therapy, as indicated by a low incidence of permanent discontinuations due to adverse reactions. Most patients (81.0%) received at least one lipid-lowering agent. Prescription of supportive therapy should also consider the potential for drug-drug interactions with lorlatinib via engagement of specific CYP450 enzymes. This article summarizes the clinical experience from lorlatinib phase I investigators and was generated from discussion and review of the clinical study protocol and database to provide an expert consensus opinion on the management of the key adverse reactions reported with lorlatinib, including hyperlipidemia, central nervous system effects, weight increase, edema, peripheral neuropathy, and gastrointestinal effects. Overall, lorlatinib 100 mg once daily has a unique safety profile to be considered when prescribed, based on the recent U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval, for the treatment of patients with ALK-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer previously treated with a second-generation ALK TKI. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Despite the advancement of second-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the emergence of resistance and progression of central nervous system metastases remain clinically significant problems in ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Lorlatinib is a potent, brain-penetrant, third-generation, macrocyclic ALK/ROS1 TKI, with broad-spectrum potency against most known resistance mutations that can develop during treatment with existing first- and second-generation ALK TKIs. This article provides recommendations for the clinical management of key adverse reactions reported with lorlatinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Bauer
- Sarah Cannon Cancer Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Alice T Shaw
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pezzulo AA, Tudas RA, Stewart CG, Buonfiglio LGV, Lindsay BD, Taft PJ, Gansemer ND, Zabner J. HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin reverts IL-13- and IL-17-induced airway goblet cell metaplasia. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:744-758. [PMID: 30640172 PMCID: PMC6355221 DOI: 10.1172/jci123524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Goblet cell metaplasia, a disabling hallmark of chronic lung disease, lacks curative treatments at present. To identify novel therapeutic targets for goblet cell metaplasia, we studied the transcriptional response profile of IL-13-exposed primary human airway epithelia in vitro and asthmatic airway epithelia in vivo. A perturbation-response profile connectivity approach identified geldanamycin, an inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) as a candidate therapeutic target. Our experiments confirmed that geldanamycin and other HSP90 inhibitors prevented IL-13-induced goblet cell metaplasia in vitro and in vivo. Geldanamycin also reverted established goblet cell metaplasia. Geldanamycin did not induce goblet cell death, nor did it solely block mucin synthesis or IL-13 receptor-proximal signaling. Geldanamycin affected the transcriptome of airway cells when exposed to IL-13, but not when exposed to vehicle. We hypothesized that the mechanism of action probably involves TGF-β, ERBB, or EHF, which would predict that geldanamycin would also revert IL-17-induced goblet cell metaplasia, a prediction confirmed by our experiments. Our findings suggest that persistent airway goblet cell metaplasia requires HSP90 activity and that HSP90 inhibitors will revert goblet cell metaplasia, despite active upstream inflammatory signaling. Moreover, HSP90 inhibitors may be a therapeutic option for airway diseases with goblet cell metaplasia of unknown mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro A. Pezzulo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rosarie A. Tudas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Carley G. Stewart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Brian D. Lindsay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
| | - Peter J. Taft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Nicholas D. Gansemer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Joseph Zabner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Woo JK, Jang JE, Kang JH, Seong JK, Yoon YS, Kim HC, Lee SJ, Oh SH. Lectin, Galactoside-Binding Soluble 3 Binding Protein Promotes 17-N-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin Resistance through PI3K/Akt Pathway in Lung Cancer Cell Line. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1355-1365. [PMID: 28336809 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) stabilizing oncoproteins has been an attractive target in cancer therapy. 17-N-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), an HSP90 inhibitor, was tested in phase II/III clinical trials, but due to lack of efficacy, clinical evaluation of 17-AAG has achieved limited success, which led to resistance to 17-AAG. However, the mechanism of 17-AAG resistance has not clearly been identified. Here, we identified LGALS3BP (Lectin, galactoside-binding soluble 3 binding protein), a secretory glycoprotein, as a 17-AAG resistance factor. In the clinical reports, it was suggested that LGALS3BP was associated with low survival rate, development of cancer progression, and enhancement of metastasis in human cancers. As we confirmed that the LGALS3BP level was increased in 17-AAG-resistant cells (H1299_17R) compared with that of the parental cell line (H1299_17P), knockdown of LGALS3BP expression increased sensitivity to 17-AAG in H1299_17R cells. Overexpression of LGALS3BP also augmented PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways. Furthermore, we determined that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was involved in LGALS3BP-mediated 17-AAG resistance in vitro and in vivo, demonstrating that LGALS3BP mediates the resistance against 17-AAG through PI3K/Akt activation rather than ERK activation. These findings suggest that LGALS3BP would be a target to overcome resistance to 17-AAG in lung cancer. For example, the combination of 17-AAG and PI3K/Akt inhibitor would effectively suppress acquired resistance to 17-AAG. In conclusion, targeting of LGALS3BP-mediated-specific survival signaling pathway in resistant cells may provide a novel therapeutic model for the cancer therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(7); 1355-65. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Kyu Woo
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Research Institute National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Biomedical Mouse Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jin Lee
- Research Institute National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pedersen KS, Kim GP, Foster NR, Wang-Gillam A, Erlichman C, McWilliams RR. Phase II trial of gemcitabine and tanespimycin (17AAG) in metastatic pancreatic cancer: a Mayo Clinic Phase II Consortium study. Invest New Drugs 2015; 33:963-8. [PMID: 25952464 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-015-0246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that stabilizes many oncogenic proteins. HSP90 inhibitors may sensitize tumors to cytotoxic agents by causing client protein degradation. Gemcitabine, which has modest activity in pancreas cancer, activates Chk1, a client protein of HSP90. This phase II trial was designed to determine whether 17AAG could enhance the clinical activity of gemcitabine through degradation of Chk1 in patients with stage IV pancreatic cancer. METHODS A multicenter, prospective study combining gemcitabine and 17AAG enrolled patients with stage IV pancreatic adenocarcinoma, adequate liver and kidney function, ECOG performance status 0-2, and no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. The primary goal was to achieve a 60 % overall survival at 6 months. Sixty-six patients were planned for accrual, with an interim analysis after 25 patients enrolled. RESULTS After a futility analysis to achieve the endpoint, accrual was halted with 21 patients enrolled. No complete or partial responses were seen. Forty percent of patients were alive at 6 months. Median overall survival was 5.4 months. Tolerability was moderate, with 65 % of patients having ≥ grade 3 adverse events (AE), and 15 % having grade 4 events. CONCLUSIONS The lack of clinical activity suggests that targeting Chk1 by inhibiting HSP90 is not important in pancreatic cancer sensitivity to gemcitabine alone. Further studies of HSP90 targeted agents with gemcitabine alone are not warranted.
Collapse
|
18
|
Iyer G, Morris MJ, Rathkopf D, Slovin SF, Steers M, Larson SM, Schwartz LH, Curley T, DeLaCruz A, Ye Q, Heller G, Egorin MJ, Ivy SP, Rosen N, Scher HI, Solit DB. A phase I trial of docetaxel and pulse-dose 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin in adult patients with solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012; 69:1089-97. [PMID: 22124669 PMCID: PMC3471133 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-011-1789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To define maximum tolerated dose (MTD), clinical toxicities, and pharmacokinetics of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) when administered in combination with docetaxel once every 21 days in patients with advanced solid tumor malignancies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Docetaxel was administered over 1 h at doses of 55, 70, and 75 mg/m(2). 17-AAG was administered over 1-2 h, following the completion of the docetaxel infusion, at escalating doses ranging from 80 to 650 mg/m(2) in 12 patient cohorts. Serum was collected for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies during cycle 1. Docetaxel, 17-AAG, and 17-AG levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Biologic effects of 17-AAG were monitored in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by immunoblot. RESULTS Forty-nine patients received docetaxel and 17-AAG. The most common all-cause grade 3 and 4 toxicities were leukopenia, lymphopenia, and neutropenia. An MTD was not defined; however, three dose-limiting toxicities were observed, including 2 incidences of neutropenic fever and 1 of junctional bradycardia. Dose escalation was halted at docetaxel 75 mg/m(2)-17-AAG 650 mg/m(2) due to delayed toxicities attributed to patient intolerance of the DMSO-based 17-AAG formulation. Of 46 evaluable patients, 1 patient with lung cancer experienced a partial response. Minor responses were observed in patients with lung, prostate, melanoma, and bladder cancers. A correlation between reduced docetaxel clearance and 17-AAG dose level was observed. CONCLUSIONS The combination of docetaxel and 17-AAG was well tolerated in adult patients with solid tumors, although patient intolerance to the DMSO formulation precluded further dose escalation. The recommended phase II dose is docetaxel 70 mg/m(2) and 17-AAG 500 mg/m(2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopa Iyer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gartner EM, Silverman P, Simon M, Flaherty L, Abrams J, Ivy P, Lorusso PM. A phase II study of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin in metastatic or locally advanced, unresectable breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 131:933-7. [PMID: 22083229 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an attractive target for breast cancer treatment, as it is required for the proper folding and stabilization of several proteins known to be involved in breast cancer growth and development. These proteins include the epidermal growth factor receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and src. 17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) is an intravenous Hsp90 inhibitor in development for breast cancer treatment. We conducted a phase II study of 17-AAG 220 mg/m(2) on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 every 21 days in patients with metastatic and locally advanced breast cancer. Since we expected the molecular effects of Hsp90 inhibition to extend beyond just ER, PR, and HER2 down regulation and to impact a variety of other cellular proteins, patients were not selected based on ER, PR, or HER2 status. Eleven patients, including 6 patients with triple negative breast cancer, were enrolled and treated. There were no responses and 3 patients had stable disease as their best response. Five patients developed grade 3/4 toxicities, which were primarily hepatic and pulmonary. Based on these results, we do not recommend further study of 17-AAG at this dosing schedule or in unselected breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaina M Gartner
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 4100 John R, 4HWCRC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hendrickson AEW, Oberg AL, Glaser G, Camoriano JK, Peethambaram PP, Colon-Otero G, Erlichman C, Ivy SP, Kaufmann SH, Karnitz LM, Haluska P. A phase II study of gemcitabine in combination with tanespimycin in advanced epithelial ovarian and primary peritoneal carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2011; 124:210-5. [PMID: 22047770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and biological effects of the gemcitabine/tanespimycin combination in patients with advanced ovarian and peritoneal cancer. To assess the effect of tanespimycin on tumor cells, levels of the chaperone proteins HSP90 and HSP70 were examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and paired tumor biopsy lysates. METHODS Two-cohort phase II clinical trial. Patients were grouped according to prior gemcitabine therapy. All participants received tanespimycin 154 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 9 of cycle 1 and days 2 and 9 of subsequent cycles. Patients also received gemcitabine 750 mg/m(2) on day 8 of the first treatment cycle and days 1 and 8 of subsequent cycles. RESULTS The tanespimycin/gemcitabine combination induced a partial response in 1 gemcitabine naïve patient and no partial responses in gemcitabine resistant patients. Stable disease was seen in 6 patients (2 gemcitabine naïve and 4 gemcitabine resistant). The most common toxicities were hematologic (anemia and neutropenia) as well as nausea and vomiting. Immunoblotting demonstrated limited upregulation of HSP70 but little or no change in levels of most client proteins in PBMC and paired tumor samples. CONCLUSIONS Although well tolerated, the tanespimycin/gemcitabine combination exhibited limited anticancer activity in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian and primary peritoneal carcinoma, perhaps because of failure to significantly downregulate the client proteins at clinically achievable exposures.
Collapse
|
21
|
Modi S, Stopeck A, Linden H, Solit D, Chandarlapaty S, Rosen N, D'Andrea G, Dickler M, Moynahan ME, Sugarman S, Ma W, Patil S, Norton L, Hannah AL, Hudis C. HSP90 inhibition is effective in breast cancer: a phase II trial of tanespimycin (17-AAG) plus trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer progressing on trastuzumab. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:5132-9. [PMID: 21558407 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE HSP90 is a chaperone protein required for the stability of a variety of client proteins. 17-Demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) is a natural product that binds to HSP90 and inhibits its activity, thereby inducing the degradation of these clients. In preclinical studies, HER2 is one of the most sensitive known client proteins of 17-AAG. On the basis of these data and activity in a phase I study, we conducted a phase II study of 17-AAG (tanespimycin) with trastuzumab in advanced trastuzumab-refractory HER2-positive breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We enrolled patients with metastatic HER2(+) breast cancer whose disease had previously progressed on trastuzumab. All patients received weekly treatment with tanespimycin at 450 mg/m(2) intravenously and trastuzumab at a conventional dose. Therapy was continued until disease progression. The primary endpoint was response rate by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were enrolled with a median age of 53 years and a median Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of 90%. The most common toxicities, largely grade 1, were diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, and headache. The overall response rate was 22%, the clinical benefit rate [complete response + partial response + stable disease] was 59%, the median progression-free survival was 6 months (95% CI: 4-9), and the median overall survival was 17 months (95% CI: 16-28). CONCLUSIONS This is the first phase II study to definitively show RECIST-defined responses for 17-AAG in solid tumors. Tanespimycin plus trastuzumab has significant anticancer activity in patients with HER2-positive, metastatic breast cancer previously progressing on trastuzumab. Further research exploring this therapeutic interaction and the activity of HSP90 inhibitors is clearly warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanu Modi
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xiong MP, Yáñez JA, Remsberg CM, Ohgami Y, Kwon GS, Davies NM, Forrest ML. Formulation of a geldanamycin prodrug in mPEG-b-PCL micelles greatly enhances tolerability and pharmacokinetics in rats. J Control Release 2008; 129:33-40. [PMID: 18456363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2007] [Revised: 03/10/2008] [Accepted: 03/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Geldanamycin (GA) and its analogues inhibit heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and have shown significant antitumor activity in vivo; however, clinical development of GA has been hampered by its poor solubility and severe hepatotoxicity. More soluble analogues, such as 17-DMAG and 17-AAG, are easier to formulate, and have progressed through early clinical trials. However the large volume of distribution and systemic toxicity associated with these analogues may limit their distribution into tumors, thereby severely reducing efficacy and increasing non-specific toxicities. We have evaluated a formulation of a lipophilic GA prodrug, 17'GAC(16)Br encapsulated in methoxy-capped poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (mPEG-b-PCL) micelles, by comparing it to free 17-DMAG at 10 mg/kg in rats. mPEG-b-PCL micelles reported herein demonstrated substantial sustained release and conversion of 17'GAC(16)Br into 17'GAOH at significantly greater levels in all tissues analyzed compared to the free drug, allowing for a 72-fold enhancement in the AUC, a 21-fold decrease in V(d), an 11-fold decrease in CL(tot), and a 2-fold and 7-fold enhancement in the overall MRT of 17'GAC(16)Br and 17'GAOH, respectively. Importantly, the micellar formulation exhibited lower systemic toxicity than 17-DMAG, with a MTD >200 mg/kg and a 2000-fold enhancement in the AUC. 17'GAC(16)Br in micelles were poorly cleared renally, in contrast to 17-DMAG and 17'GAOH, but showed preferential accumulation and prodrug conversion in reticuloendothelial organs of normal animals. Overall, the data indicate that this nanocarrier system is a promising alternative to the current 17-DMAG formulation and offers excellent potential for further pre-clinical and clinical cancer studies.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/adverse effects
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacokinetics
- Area Under Curve
- Benzoquinones/adverse effects
- Benzoquinones/chemistry
- Benzoquinones/pharmacokinetics
- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Delayed-Action Preparations
- Drug Carriers
- Drug Compounding
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/adverse effects
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/chemistry
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/pharmacokinetics
- Male
- Micelles
- Polyesters/chemistry
- Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry
- Prodrugs/adverse effects
- Prodrugs/chemistry
- Prodrugs/pharmacokinetics
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Technology, Pharmaceutical/methods
- Tissue Distribution
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May P Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-3729, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Weigel BJ, Blaney SM, Reid JM, Safgren SL, Bagatell R, Kersey J, Neglia JP, Ivy SP, Ingle AM, Whitesell L, Gilbertson RJ, Krailo M, Ames M, Adamson PC. A phase I study of 17-allylaminogeldanamycin in relapsed/refractory pediatric patients with solid tumors: a Children's Oncology Group study. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:1789-93. [PMID: 17363534 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-2270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the recommended phase 2 dose, dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), pharmacokinetic profile, and pharmacodynamics of the heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 inhibitor, 17-allylaminogeldanamycin (17-AAG). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 17-AAG was administered as a 60-min infusion, on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of a 21-day cycle at dose levels of 150, 200, 270, and 360 mg/m(2)/dose. Pharmacokinetic studies and evaluations for Hsp72 and Akt levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were done during the first course of therapy. RESULTS Seventeen patients (7 males), median 7 years of age (range, 1-19 years), were enrolled using a standard dose escalation scheme. No DLTs were observed. Although there were no objective responses, three patients remain on therapy at 6+, 7+, and 9+ months with stable disease. One patient with hepatoblastoma had a reduction in alpha-fetoprotein and stable disease over three cycles. At 270 mg/m(2)/dose, the C(max) and areas under the plasma concentration-time curves of 17-AAG were 5,303 +/- 1,591 ng/mL and 13,656 +/- 4,757 ng/mL h, respectively, similar to the exposure in adults. The mean terminal half-life for 17-AAG was 3.24 +/- 0.80 h. Induction of Hsp72, a surrogate marker for inhibition of Hsp90, was detected at the 270 mg/m(2) dose level. CONCLUSIONS Drug exposures consistent with those required for anticancer activity in preclinical models were achieved without DLT. Evidence for drug-induced modulation of Hsp90 systemically was also detected. The recommended phase II dose of 17-AAG is 360 mg/m(2)/d. Non-DMSO-containing formulations may improve acceptance of this drug by children and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J Weigel
- University of Minnesota Cancer Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Solit DB, Ivy SP, Kopil C, Sikorski R, Morris MJ, Slovin SF, Kelly WK, DeLaCruz A, Curley T, Heller G, Larson S, Schwartz L, Egorin MJ, Rosen N, Scher HI. Phase I trial of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin in patients with advanced cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:1775-82. [PMID: 17363532 PMCID: PMC3203693 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), toxicities, and pharmacokinetics of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) when administered using continuous and intermittent dosing schedules. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with progressive solid tumor malignancies were treated with 17-AAG using an accelerated titration dose escalation schema. The starting dose and schedule were 5 mg/m(2) daily for 5 days with cycles repeated every 21 days. Dosing modifications based on safety, pharmacodynamic modeling, and clinical outcomes led to the evaluation of the following schedules: daily x 3 repeated every 14 days; twice weekly (days 1, 4, 8, and 11) for 2 weeks every 3 weeks; and twice weekly (days 1 and 4) without interruption. During cycle 1, blood was collected for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies. RESULTS Fifty-four eligible patients were treated. The MTD was schedule dependent: 56 mg/m(2) on the daily x 5 schedule; 112 mg/m(2) on the daily x 3 schedule; and 220 mg/m(2) on the days 1, 4, 8, and 11 every-21-day schedule. Continuous twice-weekly dosing was deemed too toxic because of delayed hepatotoxicity. Hepatic toxicity was also dose limiting with the daily x 5 schedule. Other common toxicities encountered were fatigue, myalgias, and nausea. This latter adverse effect may have been attributable, in part, to the DMSO-based formulation. Concentrations of 17-AAG above those required for activity in preclinical models could be safely achieved in plasma. Induction of a heat shock response and down-regulation of Akt and Raf-1 were observed in biomarker studies. CONCLUSION The MTD and toxicity profile of 17-AAG were schedule dependent. Intermittent dosing schedules were less toxic and are recommended for future phase II studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David B. Solit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - S. Percy Ivy
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Centers, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Catherine Kopil
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Rachel Sikorski
- Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael J. Morris
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Susan F. Slovin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - W. Kevin Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anthony DeLaCruz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Tracy Curley
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Glenn Heller
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Steven Larson
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lawrence Schwartz
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Merrill J. Egorin
- Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Neal Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Howard I. Scher
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bagatell R, Gore L, Egorin MJ, Ho R, Heller G, Boucher N, Zuhowski EG, Whitlock JA, Hunger SP, Narendran A, Katzenstein HM, Arceci RJ, Boklan J, Herzog CE, Whitesell L, Ivy SP, Trippett TM. Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin in pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory solid tumors: a pediatric oncology experimental therapeutics investigators consortium study. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:1783-8. [PMID: 17363533 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-1892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is essential for the posttranslational control of many regulators of cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. 17-N-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) binds to Hsp90 and alters levels of proteins regulated by Hsp90. We conducted a phase I trial of 17-AAG in pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and desmoplastic small round cell tumor to determine the maximum tolerated dose, define toxicity and pharmacokinetic profiles, and generate data about molecular target modulation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Escalating doses of 17-AAG were administered i.v. over 1 to 2 h twice weekly for 2 weeks every 21 days until patients experienced disease progression or toxicity. harmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies were done during cycle 1. RESULTS Fifteen patients were enrolled onto dose levels between 150 and 360 mg/m(2); 13 patients were evaluable for toxicity. The maximum tolerated dose was 270 mg/m(2). DLTs were grade 3 transaminitis and hypoxia. Two patients with osteosarcoma and bulky pulmonary metastases died during cycle 1 and were not evaluable for toxicity. No objective responses were observed. 17-AAG pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients were linear; clearance and half-life were 21.6 +/- 6.21 (mean +/- SD) L/h/m(2) and 2.6 +/- 0.95 h, respectively. Posttherapy increases in levels of the inducible isoform of Hsp70, a marker of target modulation, were detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at all dose levels. CONCLUSION 17-AAG was well tolerated at a dose of 270 mg/m(2) administered twice weekly for 2 of 3 weeks. Caution should be used in treatment of patients with bulky pulmonary disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Bagatell
- Department of Pediatrics and Steele Children's Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ramanathan RK, Egorin MJ, Eiseman JL, Ramalingam S, Friedland D, Agarwala SS, Ivy SP, Potter DM, Chatta G, Zuhowski EG, Stoller RG, Naret C, Guo J, Belani CP. Phase I and Pharmacodynamic Study of 17-(Allylamino)-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin in Adult Patients with Refractory Advanced Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:1769-74. [PMID: 17363531 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-2233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary objective was to establish the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and recommended phase II dose of 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17AAG) given twice a week. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Escalating doses of 17AAG were given i.v. to cohorts of three to six patients. Dose levels for schedule A (twice weekly x 3 weeks, every 4 weeks) were 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 mg/m(2) and for schedule B (twice weekly x 2 weeks, every 3 weeks) were 150, 200, and 250 mg/m(2). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected for assessment of heat shock protein (HSP) 90 and HSP90 client proteins. RESULTS Forty-four patients were enrolled, 32 on schedule A and 12 on schedule B. On schedule A at 200 mg/m(2), DLTs were seen in two of six patients (one grade 3 thrombocytopenia and one grade 3 abdominal pain). On schedule B, both patients treated at 250 mg/m(2) developed DLT (grade 3 headache with nausea/vomiting). Grade 3/4 toxicities seen in >5% of patients were reversible elevations of liver enzymes (47%), nausea (9%), vomiting (9%), and headache (5%). No objective tumor responses were observed. The only consistent change in PBMC proteins monitored was a 0.8- to 30-fold increase in HSP70 concentrations, but these were not dose dependent. The increase in PBMC HSP70 persisted throughout the entire cycle of treatment but returned to baseline between last 17AAG dose of cycle 1 and first 17AAG dose of cycle 2. CONCLUSIONS The recommended phase II doses of 17AAG are 175 to 200 mg/m(2) when given twice a week and consistently cause elevations in PBMC HSP70.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh K Ramanathan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Barnes DJ, De S, van Hensbergen P, Moravcsik E, Melo JV. Different target range and cytotoxic specificity of adaphostin and 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin in imatinib-resistant and sensitive cell lines. Leukemia 2007; 21:421-6. [PMID: 17252018 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib mesylate is a selective inhibitor of the oncogenic tyrosine kinase, Bcr-Abl, and is widely used as a first-line treatment for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Prolonged monotherapy is frequently associated with patients becoming refractory to imatinib. Therefore, there is considerable interest in small molecule inhibitors which may be used either as replacements or as adjuncts to existing imatinib therapy. For this purpose, it is most likely that drugs which do not share imatinib's mechanism of action will be most valuable. We compared two such compounds with different modes of action, adaphostin and 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), for their cytotoxic effect and ability to induce the downregulation of cellular proteins in a murine haemopoietic cell line transformed with human p210(Bcr-Abl), and two subclones resistant to imatinib owing to an Abl-kinase domain mutation (E255K) or amplification of the BCR-ABL gene, respectively. We found that, whereas 17-AAG selectively killed Bcr-Abl-positive cells and inhibited proteins dependent on heat-shock protein 90 for their stability (p210(Bcr-Abl) and Akt), adaphostin induced the downregulation of multiple cell-signalling proteins (p210(Bcr-Abl), Akt, Bcr, Abl and STAT5a) and was cytotoxic to both Bcr-Abl-positive and -negative cells. We suggest that both compounds may prove useful in the treatment of CML but caution that undesirable side-effects may result from the inhibition of multiple cell signalling proteins.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adamantane/adverse effects
- Adamantane/analogs & derivatives
- Adamantane/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Benzamides
- Benzoquinones/adverse effects
- Benzoquinones/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Transformed/drug effects
- Cell Line, Transformed/enzymology
- Cell Line, Tumor/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor/enzymology
- Clone Cells/drug effects
- Clone Cells/enzymology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/antagonists & inhibitors
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/biosynthesis
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/physiology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Genes, abl
- HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/physiology
- Humans
- Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology
- Hydroquinones/adverse effects
- Hydroquinones/pharmacology
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/adverse effects
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mutant Proteins/genetics
- Mutant Proteins/physiology
- Mutation, Missense
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Point Mutation
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr/genetics
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/biosynthesis
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Substrate Specificity
- Transfection
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D J Barnes
- 1Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Blanke C. Current and future management of GIST. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2006; 4:582-3. [PMID: 17099615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Blanke
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ronnen EA, Kondagunta GV, Ishill N, Sweeney SM, Deluca JK, Schwartz L, Bacik J, Motzer RJ. A phase II trial of 17-(Allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin in patients with papillary and clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Invest New Drugs 2006; 24:543-6. [PMID: 16832603 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-006-9208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the antitumor activity of 17-(Allylamino)-17-demethoxyge-ldanamycin (17-AAG), a heat shock protein 90(hsp90) inhibitor in patients with metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or metastatic clear cell RCC. Eligible patients were divided into 2 cohorts based on histological subtype: papillary or clear cell RCC. All patients had advanced RCC with measurable disease, a Karnofsky performance status of at least 70, and no evidence of brain metastases. Twelve patients with clear cell RCC and 8 patients with papillary RCC were treated with 17-AAG on this phase II trial. 17-AAG was given intravenously at 220 mg/m(2) twice weekly for 2 weeks followed by a week of rest. Cycle length was 21 days. No patient in either cohort achieved a complete or partial response. Toxicities included elevated liver function tests, optic neuritis, dyspnea, fatigue, and gastrointestinal side effects. Six of the 20 patients required dose reduction. At the dose and schedule used in this trial, 17-AAG did not achieve objective response in the treatment of clear cell or papillary renal cell carcinoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen A Ronnen
- From the Genitourinary Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|