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Flis Z, Szatkowski P, Pielichowska K, Molik E. The Potential of Sheep or Camel Milk Constituents to Contribute to Novel Dressings for Diabetic Wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17551. [PMID: 38139380 PMCID: PMC10744295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired wound healing is a complication of diabetes, which constitutes a serious problem in clinical practice. Currently, there is a high demand on the market for local treatment options for difficult-to-heal wounds caused by diabetes. The development of dressings that accelerate wound healing has recently been the subject of much research. Sheep and camel milk is gaining importance due to the content of many bioactive substances with health-promoting effects, such as insulin, LF, proline, or CLA. Sheep and camel milk proteins are a promising source of insulin, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive peptides. Numerous studies show that local administration of insulin has a significant impact on the healing of diabetic wounds. Sheep and camel milk, due to the highest LF content among ruminants, reduces autoimmune inflammatory processes and protects against bacterial and viral infections in the wound environment. Sheep's milk has the highest content of proline and CLA, and their addition to a hydrogel dressing can help in the development of an effective dressing material. The production of hydrogel dressings containing sheep and camel milk, which are naturally rich in the bioactive substances presented in this review, may be a promising step in the market of specialized dressings for difficult-to-heal diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Flis
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 31-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Szatkowski
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland (K.P.)
| | - Kinga Pielichowska
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland (K.P.)
| | - Edyta Molik
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 31-059 Krakow, Poland
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2
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Jing N, Zhang K, Chen X, Liu K, Wang J, Xiao L, Zhang W, Ma P, Xu P, Cheng C, Wang D, Zhao H, He Y, Ji Z, Xin Z, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Bao W, Gong Y, Fan L, Ji Y, Zhuang G, Wang Q, Dong B, Zhang P, Xue W, Gao WQ, Zhu HH. ADORA2A-driven proline synthesis triggers epigenetic reprogramming in neuroendocrine prostate and lung cancers. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e168670. [PMID: 38099497 PMCID: PMC10721152 DOI: 10.1172/jci168670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell lineage plasticity is one of the major causes for the failure of targeted therapies in various cancers. However, the driver and actionable drug targets in promoting cancer cell lineage plasticity are scarcely identified. Here, we found that a G protein-coupled receptor, ADORA2A, is specifically upregulated during neuroendocrine differentiation, a common form of lineage plasticity in prostate cancer and lung cancer following targeted therapies. Activation of the ADORA2A signaling rewires the proline metabolism via an ERK/MYC/PYCR cascade. Increased proline synthesis promotes deacetylases SIRT6/7-mediated deacetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27), and thereby biases a global transcriptional output toward a neuroendocrine lineage profile. Ablation of Adora2a in genetically engineered mouse models inhibits the development and progression of neuroendocrine prostate and lung cancers, and, intriguingly, prevents the adenocarcinoma-to-neuroendocrine phenotypic transition. Importantly, pharmacological blockade of ADORA2A profoundly represses neuroendocrine prostate and lung cancer growth in vivo. Therefore, we believe that ADORA2A can be used as a promising therapeutic target to govern the epigenetic reprogramming in neuroendocrine malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Xinyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Kaiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Jinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Lingling Xiao
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Penghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Deng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Yuman He
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Zhongzhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Zhixiang Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Yujiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Yingchao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Wei Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Yiming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Liancheng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Yiyi Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Guanglei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Baijun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Helen He Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, and
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Zhang Q, Deng T, Zhang H, Zuo D, Zhu Q, Bai M, Liu R, Ning T, Zhang L, Yu Z, Zhang H, Ba Y. Adipocyte-Derived Exosomal MTTP Suppresses Ferroptosis and Promotes Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2203357. [PMID: 35978266 PMCID: PMC9534973 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is closely related to a poor prognosis in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), but the mechanisms remain unclear. Ferroptosis is a form of nonapoptotic cell death characterized by lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and iron dependency and is associated with the chemoresistance of tumors. Here, it is shown that adipose-derived exosomes reduce ferroptosis susceptibility in CRC, thus promoting chemoresistance to oxaliplatin. It is found that microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) expression is increased in the plasma exosomes of CRC patients with a high body fat ratio, serving as an inhibitor of ferroptosis and reducing sensitivity to chemotherapy. Mechanistically, the MTTP/proline-rich acidic protein 1 (PRAP1) complex inhibited zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 expression and upregulated glutathione peroxidase 4 and xCT, leading to a decreased polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio and lipid ROS levels. Moreover, experiments are carried out in organoids, and a tumor implantation model is established in obese mice, demonstrating that the inhibition of MTTP increases the sensitivity to chemotherapy. The results reveal a novel intracellular signaling pathway mediated by adipose-derived exosomes and suggest that treatments targeting secreted MTTP might reverse oxaliplatin resistance in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumo Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Ting Deng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Hongdian Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Duo Zuo
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Qihang Zhu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Ming Bai
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Rui Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Tao Ning
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Le Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Zhentao Yu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for CancerCancer Hospital & Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhen518172China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Yi Ba
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gary Stack
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT
| | | | | | - David C Lindy
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Hiroshi Mohri
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - David D Ho
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
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6
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Arbel R, Wolff Sagy Y, Hoshen M, Battat E, Lavie G, Sergienko R, Friger M, Waxman JG, Dagan N, Balicer R, Ben-Shlomo Y, Peretz A, Yaron S, Serby D, Hammerman A, Netzer D. Nirmatrelvir Use and Severe Covid-19 Outcomes during the Omicron Surge. N Engl J Med 2022; 387:790-798. [PMID: 36001529 PMCID: PMC9454652 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2204919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral protease inhibitor nirmatrelvir has shown substantial efficacy in high-risk, unvaccinated patients infected with the B.1.617.2 (delta) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Data regarding the effectiveness of nirmatrelvir in preventing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outcomes from the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant are limited. METHODS We obtained data for all members of Clalit Health Services who were 40 years of age or older at the start of the study period and were assessed as being eligible to receive nirmatrelvir therapy during the omicron surge. A Cox proportional-hazards regression model with time-dependent covariates was used to estimate the association of nirmatrelvir treatment with hospitalization and death due to Covid-19, with adjustment for sociodemographic factors, coexisting conditions, and previous SARS-CoV-2 immunity status. RESULTS A total of 109,254 patients met the eligibility criteria, of whom 3902 (4%) received nirmatrelvir during the study period. Among patients 65 years of age or older, the rate of hospitalization due to Covid-19 was 14.7 cases per 100,000 person-days among treated patients as compared with 58.9 cases per 100,000 person-days among untreated patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15 to 0.49). The adjusted hazard ratio for death due to Covid-19 was 0.21 (95% CI, 0.05 to 0.82). Among patients 40 to 64 years of age, the rate of hospitalization due to Covid-19 was 15.2 cases per 100,000 person-days among treated patients and 15.8 cases per 100,000 person-days among untreated patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.35 to 1.58). The adjusted hazard ratio for death due to Covid-19 was 1.32 (95% CI, 0.16 to 10.75). CONCLUSIONS Among patients 65 years of age or older, the rates of hospitalization and death due to Covid-19 were significantly lower among those who received nirmatrelvir than among those who did not. No evidence of benefit was found in younger adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronen Arbel
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Yael Wolff Sagy
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Moshe Hoshen
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Erez Battat
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Gil Lavie
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Ruslan Sergienko
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Michael Friger
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Jacob G Waxman
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Noa Dagan
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Ran Balicer
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Yatir Ben-Shlomo
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Alon Peretz
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Shlomit Yaron
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Danielle Serby
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Ariel Hammerman
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
| | - Doron Netzer
- From the Division of Community Medical Services (R.A., A.P., S.Y., D.S., A.H., D.N.), the Branch of Planning and Strategy (Y.W.S., M.H., E.B., G.L.), and the Clalit Research Institute, Division of Innovation (J.G.W., N.D., R.B., Y.B.-S.), Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, the Maximizing Health Outcomes Research Lab, Sapir College, Sderot (R.A.), the Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem (M.H.), the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (G.L.), and the School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences (R.S., M.F., R.B.) and Software and Information Systems Engineering (N.D.), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba - all in Israel; and the Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration, Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute (N.D., R.B.), and the Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School (N.D.) - both in Boston
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Lu YH, Lu CK, Chen CH, Hsieh YY, Tung SY, Chen YH, Yen CW, Tung WL, Chang KC, Chen WM, Lu SN, Hung CH, Chang TS. Comparison of 8- versus 12-weeks of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for Taiwanese patients with hepatitis C and compensated cirrhosis in a real-world setting. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272567. [PMID: 35980912 PMCID: PMC9387785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-world data on the effectiveness of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) for patients with HCV infection and compensated cirrhosis is limited, especially for the 8-week regimen and in an Asian population. This retrospective study enrolled 159 consecutive patients with HCV and compensated cirrhosis who were treated with GLE/PIB at a single center in Taiwan. Sustained virological response (SVR) and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated. Among the 159 patients, 91 and 68 were treated with GLE/PIB for 8 and 12 weeks, respectively. In the per protocol analysis, both the 8- and 12-week groups achieved 100% SVR (87/87 vs. 64/64); and in the evaluable population analysis, 95.6% (87/91) of the 8-week group and 94.1% (64/68) of the 12-week group achieved SVR. The most commonly reported AEs, which included pruritus (15.4% vs. 26.5%), abdominal discomfort (9.9% vs. 5.9%), and skin rash (5.5% vs. 5.9%), were mild for the 8- and 12-week groups. Two patients in the 8-week group exhibited total bilirubin elevation over three times the upper normal limit. One of these two patients discontinued GLE/PIB treatment after 2 weeks but still achieved SVR. Both 8- and 12-week GLE/PIB treatments are safe and effective for patients of Taiwanese ethnicity with HCV and compensated cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hsin Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kuang Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Shui-Yi Tung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsing Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Tung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kao-Chi Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Groothof D, Post A, Bakker SJL. Letter by Groothof et al Regarding Article, "Efpeglenatide and Clinical Outcomes With and Without Concomitant Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibition Use in Type 2 Diabetes: Exploratory Analysis of the AMPLITUDE-O Trial". Circulation 2022; 146:e5-e6. [PMID: 35858158 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.060263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dion Groothof
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Adrian Post
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
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Hammond J, Leister-Tebbe H, Gardner A, Abreu P, Bao W, Wisemandle W, Baniecki M, Hendrick VM, Damle B, Simón-Campos A, Pypstra R, Rusnak JM. Oral Nirmatrelvir for High-Risk, Nonhospitalized Adults with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2022; 386:1397-1408. [PMID: 35172054 PMCID: PMC8908851 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2118542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1126] [Impact Index Per Article: 563.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nirmatrelvir is an orally administered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease (Mpro) inhibitor with potent pan-human-coronavirus activity in vitro. METHODS We conducted a phase 2-3 double-blind, randomized, controlled trial in which symptomatic, unvaccinated, nonhospitalized adults at high risk for progression to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either 300 mg of nirmatrelvir plus 100 mg of ritonavir (a pharmacokinetic enhancer) or placebo every 12 hours for 5 days. Covid-19-related hospitalization or death from any cause through day 28, viral load, and safety were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 2246 patients underwent randomization; 1120 patients received nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir (nirmatrelvir group) and 1126 received placebo (placebo group). In the planned interim analysis of patients treated within 3 days after symptom onset (modified intention-to treat population, comprising 774 of the 1361 patients in the full analysis population), the incidence of Covid-19-related hospitalization or death by day 28 was lower in the nirmatrelvir group than in the placebo group by 6.32 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI], -9.04 to -3.59; P<0.001; relative risk reduction, 89.1%); the incidence was 0.77% (3 of 389 patients) in the nirmatrelvir group, with 0 deaths, as compared with 7.01% (27 of 385 patients) in the placebo group, with 7 deaths. Efficacy was maintained in the final analysis involving the 1379 patients in the modified intention-to-treat population, with a difference of -5.81 percentage points (95% CI, -7.78 to -3.84; P<0.001; relative risk reduction, 88.9%). All 13 deaths occurred in the placebo group. The viral load was lower with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir than with placebo at day 5 of treatment, with an adjusted mean difference of -0.868 log10 copies per milliliter when treatment was initiated within 3 days after the onset of symptoms. The incidence of adverse events that emerged during the treatment period was similar in the two groups (any adverse event, 22.6% with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir vs. 23.9% with placebo; serious adverse events, 1.6% vs. 6.6%; and adverse events leading to discontinuation of the drugs or placebo, 2.1% vs. 4.2%). Dysgeusia (5.6% vs. 0.3%) and diarrhea (3.1% vs. 1.6%) occurred more frequently with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir than with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of symptomatic Covid-19 with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir resulted in a risk of progression to severe Covid-19 that was 89% lower than the risk with placebo, without evident safety concerns. (Supported by Pfizer; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04960202.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hammond
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - Heidi Leister-Tebbe
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - Annie Gardner
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - Paula Abreu
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - Weihang Bao
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - Wayne Wisemandle
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - MaryLynn Baniecki
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - Victoria M Hendrick
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - Bharat Damle
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - Abraham Simón-Campos
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - Rienk Pypstra
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
| | - James M Rusnak
- From Global Product Development, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA (J.H., H.L.-T.); Global Product Development (A.G.) and Early Clinical Development (M.L.B.), Pfizer, Cambridge, MA; Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York (P.A., W.B., B.D., R.P.); Global Product Development, Pfizer, Lake Forest, IL (W.W.); Medical and Safety, Pfizer, Sandwich, United Kingdom (V.M.H.); Köhler and Milstein Research, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico (A.S.-C.); and Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tampa, FL (J.M.R.)
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Fabrizi F, Alonso C, Palazzo A, Anders M, Reggiardo MV, Cheinquer H, Zuain MGV, Figueroa S, Mendizabal M, Silva M, Ridruejo E. 'Real-life' experience with direct-acting antiviral agents for HCV after kidney transplant. Ann Hepatol 2022; 25:100337. [PMID: 33684523 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2021.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTIONS AND OBJECTIVES The introduction of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents promises to change dramatically the management of hepatitis C in kidney transplant recipients, a patient group where the treatment of hepatitis C is historically challenging. The purpose of the current study was to assess (in a 'real-life' setting) the safety and efficacy of all-oral, interferon-free, direct-acting antiviral agents in kidney transplant recipients with HCV. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a single-arm, multi-center study in a cohort (n = 95) of kidney transplant recipients who underwent antiviral therapy with DAAs. The primary end-point was sustained virologic response (SVR) (serum HCV RNA < 15 IU/mL, 12 weeks after treatment ended; SVR12). We recorded data on on-treatment adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, and laboratory abnormalities. RESULTS Various regimens were adopted at the discretion of the treating physician: elbasvir/grazoprevir (n = 11), paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir/dasabuvir (PrOD) regimens ± ribavirin (n = 23), and sofosbuvir-based regimens ± ribavirin (n = 61). The SVR12 rate was 93.7% (89/95) (95% CI, 88%; 98%), according to intention-to-treat analysis; three patients without viral response (n = 3) were found. Ribavirin was administered in 8 (8.4%) allograft recipients. The frequency of drop-outs was 4.2% (4/95) (95% CI, 0.2%; 8.2%); these were related to arthralgia/myalgia (n = 2), fatigue (n = 1), and lowered estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (n = 1). There were no differences with regard to serum creatinine and eGFR before and after antiviral therapy and during follow-up in the whole cohort. The patient who interrupted antiviral treatment due to raised serum creatinine was on sofosbuvir/daclatasvir regimen; one of the four drop-outs obtained SVR. CONCLUSIONS All-oral, interferon-free therapy with DAAs for chronic HCV after kidney transplantation was effective and well-tolerated in a 'real-life' clinical setting. Identical results have been observed in patients with intact kidneys or advanced chronic kidney disease. Careful evaluation of kidney function over follow-up in kidney transplant recipients who received DAAs regimens is recommended. Clinical trials aimed to assess whether sustained viral response translates into improved patient/graft survival are under way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fabrizi
- Nephrology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation and Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, Milano, Italy.
| | - Cristina Alonso
- Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Palazzo
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Hospital Padilla, Tucumàn, Argentina
| | - Margarita Anders
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Hospital Alemàn, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Virginia Reggiardo
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Hospital Provincial del Centenario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Hugo Cheinquer
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Universidad de Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Sebastian Figueroa
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Hospital Arturo Onativia, Salta, Argentina
| | - Manuel Mendizabal
- Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Silva
- Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Ridruejo
- Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine, Centro de Educaciòn Medica e Investigaciones Clinicas Norberto Quirno "CEMIC", Ciudad Autònoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Rubin EJ, Baden LR, Morrissey S. Audio Interview: A New Antiviral against Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2022; 386:e25. [PMID: 35172062 DOI: 10.1056/nejme2202349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh T Gandhi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Preeti N Malani
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor
- Associate Editor, JAMA
| | - Carlos Del Rio
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Georgia Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia
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Treatment of COVID-19 in high-risk outpatients. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2022; 64:e1. [PMID: 35134051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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Singh AK, Singh A, Singh R, Misra A. An updated practical guideline on use of molnupiravir and comparison with agents having emergency use authorization for treatment of COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102396. [PMID: 35051686 PMCID: PMC8755553 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Molnupiravir is a newer oral antiviral drug that has recently received emergency use authorization (EUA) in USA, UK and India. We aim to conduct an update on our previous systematic review to provide practical clinical guideline for using molnupiravir in patients with COVID-19. METHODS We systematically searched the electronic database of PubMed, MedRxiv and Google Scholar until January 5, 2022, using key MeSH keywords. RESULTS Final result of phase 3 study in 1433 non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients showed a significant reduction in composite risk of hospital admission or death (absolute risk difference, -3.0% [95% confidence interval {CI}, -5.9 to -0.1%]; 1-sided P = 0.02) although with a non-significant 31% relative risk reduction (RRR). RRR for death alone was 89% (95% CI, 14 to 99; P-value not reported). Number needed to treat to prevent 1 death or 1 hospitalization or death composite appears to be closely competitive to other agents having EUA in people with COVID-19. However, cost-wise molnupiravir is comparatively cheaper compared to all other agents. CONCLUSION Molnupiravir could be a useful agent in non-pregnant unvaccinated adults with COVID-19 who are at increased risk of severity including hospitalization. However, it is effective only when used within 5-days of onset of symptoms. A 5-days course seems to be safe without any obvious short-term side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akriti Singh
- Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College & Hospital, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritu Singh
- G. D Hospital & Diabetes Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anoop Misra
- Fortis C-DOC Hospital for Diabetes & Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India; National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation (India), New Delhi, India
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El Kassas M, Alboraie M, Omar H, El Latif YA, Algaber MA, El Tahan A, El Halwagy H, Afify S, Elserafy M, Elsaeed K, Doss W. High success rates for the use of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir containing regimens in treatment of naïve and experienced chronic hepatitis C genotype 4: Real world results. J Med Virol 2022; 94:667-674. [PMID: 30950069 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 4 patient with fixed dose combination of ombitasvir-paritaprevir-ritonavir plus ribavirin (OBV/rPTV/RBV) has been proven efficacy and safety in many clinical trials. The current study reports the efficacy and safety of OBV/rPTV/RBV (for treatment-naïve), and OBV/rPTV/RBV/sofosbuvir (SOF) (for treatment-experienced), in chronic HCV genotype 4 patients in real life settings. METHODS Prospective cohort study including all adult chronic HCV genotype 4 patients who were scheduled to receive OBV/rPTV/RBV ± SOF for 12 or 24 weeks in New Cairo Viral Hepatitis Treatment Center. The primary efficacy endpoint was a virologic response at posttreatment week 12 (SVR12). Changes in hematological parameters, liver biochemical profile and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), as well as clinical and laboratory adverse events (AEs) across follow up visits (week 4, end of treatment [EOT], and SVR12), were recorded. RESULTS Our study included 325 patients (age; 47.63 ± 12.63 years, 55.38% [n = 180] men). Most of the included patients (89.85%, n = 292) were treatment naïve and only 7% (n = 23) had liver cirrhosis. Overall, SVR12 was attained by 98.44% (316 of 321) of the patients; 97.15% (307 of 316) of patients who received 12 weeks of OBV/rPTV/RBV ± SOF and 100% (9 of 9) of patients who received 24 weeks of OBV/rPTV/RBV as assessed by modified intention to treat analysis. There was a significant improvement of baseline alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, hemoglobin, FIB-4 at SVR12 (P < 0.05). The most common reported AEs were anemia (n = 106), fatigue (n = 41) and elevated indirect bilirubin (n = 37). CONCLUSION OBV/rPTV/RBV (±SOF) is a highly effective therapy for chronic HCV patients in real life settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Kassas
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alboraie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Omar
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammed Abd Algaber
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Department, Police Authority Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adel El Tahan
- New Cairo Viral Hepatitis Treatment Unit, New Cairo Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham El Halwagy
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute (NHTMRI), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Afify
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute (NHTMRI), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magdy Elserafy
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kadry Elsaeed
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wahid Doss
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Vangeel L, Chiu W, De Jonghe S, Maes P, Slechten B, Raymenants J, André E, Leyssen P, Neyts J, Jochmans D. Remdesivir, Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir remain active against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and other variants of concern. Antiviral Res 2022; 198:105252. [PMID: 35085683 PMCID: PMC8785409 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the in vitro antiviral activity of remdesivir and its parent nucleoside GS-441524, molnupiravir and its parent nucleoside EIDD-1931 and the viral protease inhibitor nirmatrelvir against the ancestral SARS-CoV2 strain and the five variants of concern including Omicron. VeroE6-GFP cells were pre-treated overnight with serial dilutions of the compounds before infection. The GFP signal was determined by high-content imaging on day 4 post-infection. All molecules have equipotent antiviral activity against the ancestral virus and the VOCs Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron. These findings are in line with the observation that the target proteins of these antivirals (respectively the viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase and the viral main protease Mpro) are highly conserved. The omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant remains susceptible for GS-441524, Remdesivir, EIDD-1931, Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir. The target genes of these antivirals are highly conserved between SARS-CoV-2 variants. Similarly, the alpha, beta, gamma and delta variants remain susceptible to these antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vangeel
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Winston Chiu
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Jonghe
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Maes
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Slechten
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joren Raymenants
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel André
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Leyssen
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Dirk Jochmans
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium.
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20
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Paxlovid for treatment of COVID-19. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2022; 64:9-10. [PMID: 35134040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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21
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ezekiel J Emanuel
- Perelman School of Medicine and The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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22
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Heskin J, Pallett SJC, Mughal N, Davies GW, Moore LSP, Rayment M, Jones R. Caution required with use of ritonavir-boosted PF-07321332 in COVID-19 management. Lancet 2022; 399:21-22. [PMID: 34973713 PMCID: PMC8718360 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)02657-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Heskin
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW10 9NH, UK.
| | - Scott J C Pallett
- Royal Defence Medical College, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nabeela Mughal
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Gary W Davies
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Luke S P Moore
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Michael Rayment
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Rachael Jones
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW10 9NH, UK
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23
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Huang CF, Kuo HT, Chang TS, Lo CC, Hung CH, Huang CW, Chong LW, Cheng PN, Yeh ML, Peng CY, Cheng CY, Huang JF, Bair MJ, Lin CL, Yang CC, Wang SJ, Hsieh TY, Lee TH, Lee PL, Wu WC, Lin CL, Su WW, Yang SS, Wang CC, Hu JT, Mo LR, Chen CT, Huang YH, Chang CC, Huang CS, Chen GY, Kao CN, Tai CM, Liu CJ, Lee MH, Tsai PC, Dai CY, Kao JH, Lin HC, Chuang WL, Chen CY, Tseng KC, Yu ML. Nationwide registry of glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir in the treatment of HCV in Taiwan. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23473. [PMID: 34873250 PMCID: PMC8648748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The study evaluated the real-world treatment outcomes of Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) including effectiveness, safety and healthcare resource utilization based on a nation-wide registry in Taiwan. The Taiwan HCV Registry (TACR) is a nation-wide platform organized and supervised by the Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver. Data were analyzed for patients treated with GLE/PIB, including 3144 patients who had treatment outcome available. The primary endpoint was sustained virological response (SVR12, undetectable HCV RNA throughout 12 weeks of end-of-treatment). The overall SVR12 rate was 98.9% (3110/3144), with 98.8%, 99.4% and 100% in patients receiving 8 weeks, 12 weeks, and 16 weeks of GLE/PIB respectively. The SVR12 rate in the treatment-naïve cirrhotic patients receiving 8 weeks of GLE/PIB was 98.2% (108/110). The most common AEs were fatigue (7.5%), pruritus (6.7%) and dizziness (1.5%). The mean number of outpatient visits during the GLE/PIB was 5.94 visits for patients treated with 8 weeks, significantly different from the patients treated with 12 weeks of GLE/PIB (6.90 visits). The results support the effectiveness and safety of GLE/PIB treatment in real-world clinical practice, and provide further evidence that the shorter, 8-week GLE/PIB regimen is effective and cost-saving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Tao Kuo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Yongkang District, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, ChiaYi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chu Lo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Hung
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, ChiaYi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Won Chong
- Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Nan Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Peng
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Cheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Deppartment of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jong Bair
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taitung, Taiwan
- Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lang Lin
- Liver Research Unit, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chieh Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Internal Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Jen Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yuan Hsieh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Hsi Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chih Wu
- Wen-Chih Wu Clinic, Fengshan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Su
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Shun Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Wang
- Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ting Hu
- Liver Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lein-Ray Mo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed By Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Guei-Ying Chen
- Penghu Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Penghu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Neng Kao
- National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Tai
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chieh Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chih Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Tzuchi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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24
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Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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25
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Bojarska J, Mieczkowski A, Ziora ZM, Skwarczynski M, Toth I, Shalash AO, Parang K, El-Mowafi SA, Mohammed EHM, Elnagdy S, AlKhazindar M, Wolf WM. Cyclic Dipeptides: The Biological and Structural Landscape with Special Focus on the Anti-Cancer Proline-Based Scaffold. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1515. [PMID: 34680148 PMCID: PMC8533947 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic dipeptides, also know as diketopiperazines (DKP), the simplest cyclic forms of peptides widespread in nature, are unsurpassed in their structural and bio-functional diversity. DKPs, especially those containing proline, due to their unique features such as, inter alia, extra-rigid conformation, high resistance to enzyme degradation, increased cell permeability, and expandable ability to bind a diverse of targets with better affinity, have emerged in the last years as biologically pre-validated platforms for the drug discovery. Recent advances have revealed their enormous potential in the development of next-generation theranostics, smart delivery systems, and biomaterials. Here, we present an updated review on the biological and structural profile of these appealing biomolecules, with a particular emphasis on those with anticancer properties, since cancers are the main cause of death all over the world. Additionally, we provide a consideration on supramolecular structuring and synthons, based on the proline-based DKP privileged scaffold, for inspiration in the design of compound libraries in search of ideal ligands, innovative self-assembled nanomaterials, and bio-functional architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bojarska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General & Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Adam Mieczkowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Zyta M. Ziora
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (Z.M.Z.); (I.T.)
| | - Mariusz Skwarczynski
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (M.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Istvan Toth
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (Z.M.Z.); (I.T.)
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (M.S.); (A.O.S.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Ahmed O. Shalash
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (M.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (K.P.); (S.A.E.-M.); (E.H.M.M.)
| | - Shaima A. El-Mowafi
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (K.P.); (S.A.E.-M.); (E.H.M.M.)
| | - Eman H. M. Mohammed
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (K.P.); (S.A.E.-M.); (E.H.M.M.)
| | - Sherif Elnagdy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (S.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Maha AlKhazindar
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (S.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Wojciech M. Wolf
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General & Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
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Ahmad B, Batool M, Ain QU, Kim MS, Choi S. Exploring the Binding Mechanism of PF-07321332 SARS-CoV-2 Protease Inhibitor through Molecular Dynamics and Binding Free Energy Simulations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9124. [PMID: 34502033 PMCID: PMC8430524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease, caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), rapidly spreading around the world, poses a major threat to the global public health. Herein, we demonstrated the binding mechanism of PF-07321332, α-ketoamide, lopinavir, and ritonavir to the coronavirus 3-chymotrypsin-like-protease (3CLpro) by means of docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. The analysis of MD trajectories of 3CLpro with PF-07321332, α-ketoamide, lopinavir, and ritonavir revealed that 3CLpro-PF-07321332 and 3CLpro-α-ketoamide complexes remained stable compared with 3CLpro-ritonavir and 3CLpro-lopinavir. Investigating the dynamic behavior of ligand-protein interaction, ligands PF-07321332 and α-ketoamide showed stronger bonding via making interactions with catalytic dyad residues His41-Cys145 of 3CLpro. Lopinavir and ritonavir were unable to disrupt the catalytic dyad, as illustrated by increased bond length during the MD simulation. To decipher the ligand binding mode and affinity, ligand interactions with SARS-CoV-2 proteases and binding energy were calculated. The binding energy of the bespoke antiviral PF-07321332 clinical candidate was two times higher than that of α-ketoamide and three times than that of lopinavir and ritonavir. Our study elucidated in detail the binding mechanism of the potent PF-07321332 to 3CLpro along with the low potency of lopinavir and ritonavir due to weak binding affinity demonstrated by the binding energy data. This study will be helpful for the development and optimization of more specific compounds to combat coronavirus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (B.A.); (M.B.); (Q.u.A.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Maria Batool
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (B.A.); (M.B.); (Q.u.A.); (M.S.K.)
- S&K Therapeutics, Campus Plaza 418, Ajou University, Suwon 16502, Korea
| | - Qurat ul Ain
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (B.A.); (M.B.); (Q.u.A.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Moon Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (B.A.); (M.B.); (Q.u.A.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Sangdun Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (B.A.); (M.B.); (Q.u.A.); (M.S.K.)
- S&K Therapeutics, Campus Plaza 418, Ajou University, Suwon 16502, Korea
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Trifan A, Stanciu C, Iliescu L, Sporea I, Baroiu L, Diculescu M, Luca MC, Miftode E, Cijevschi C, Mihai C, Sparchez ZA, Pojoga C, Streinu-Cercel A, Gheorghe L. Effectiveness of 8- and 12-Week Treatment with Ombitasvir/ Paritaprevir/Ritonavir and Dasabuvir in Treatment-Naïve HCV Patients in a Real-Life Setting in Romania: the AMETHYST Study. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2021; 30:88-93. [PMID: 33723561 DOI: 10.15403/jgld-3373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The 12-week regimen of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir (OPrD) has shown high efficacy and tolerability in clinical trials for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). The shorter 8-week regimen has been recently incorporated into clinical guidelines and on-label indications, but real-world evidence on its use is limited. Given this knowledge gap, the AMETHYST study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the 8- and 12-week regimens of OPrD in treatment-naive patients with HCV with mild to moderate liver fibrosis in Romanian clinical practice. METHODS This was a secondary data collection study analyzing data from a 1-year Patient Support Program in HCV in Romania. Patients received OPrD treatment for 8 or 12 weeks. The effectiveness endpoint was sustained virologic response 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12). RESULTS A total of 1,835 treatment-naive patients with HCV with mild or moderate fibrosis were included in the study. Of these, 426 and 1,375 completed the 8-week and 12-week regimens, respectively. SVR12 was 98.1% in the 8-week treatment group and 98.7% in the 12-week treatment group. CONCLUSION The study provides real-world evidence that 8-week and 12-week treatment regimens of OPrD are highly effective in treatment-naive patients with HCV with mild to moderate liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Trifan
- Gr. T. Popa Univ. of Medicine and Pharmacy, Institute of Gastroenterol. and Hepatol, Iasi, Romania. .
| | - Carol Stanciu
- Gr. T. Popa Univ. of Medicine and Pharmacy, Institute of Gastroenterol. and Hepatol, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Laura Iliescu
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Carol Davila Univ. of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ioan Sporea
- Dept. of Gastroenterol. and Hepatol, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania.
| | - Liliana Baroiu
- "Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva" Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Galati.
| | - Mircea Diculescu
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Carol Davila Univ. of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mihaela-Catalina Luca
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Sf Cuv Parascheva, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Disease Galati, Romania.
| | - Egidia Miftode
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Sf Cuv Parascheva, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Disease Galati, Romania.
| | - Cristina Cijevschi
- Gr. T. Popa Univ. of Medicine and Pharmacy, Institute of Gastroenterol. and Hepatol, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Catalina Mihai
- Gr. T. Popa Univ. of Medicine and Pharmacy, Institute of Gastroenterol. and Hepatol, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Zeno-Adrian Sparchez
- Iuliu Hatieganu Univ. of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca; Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor Regional Institute of Gastroenterol. and Hepatol, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Pojoga
- Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor Regional Institute of Gastroenterol. and Hepatol, Cluj-Napoca; Babes- Bolyai Univ, Dept. for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, International Institute for Advanced Studies in Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Cluj- Napoca, Romania.
| | - Adrian Streinu-Cercel
- Prof. Dr. Matei Balș National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Liliana Gheorghe
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Carol Davila Univ. of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
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Zhang L, Li F, Hou C, Zhu S, Zhong L, Zhao J, Song C, Li W. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel stachydrine derivatives as potent neuroprotective agents for cerebral ischemic stroke. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:2529-2542. [PMID: 32372350 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stachydrine is a natural product with multiple protective biological activities, including those involved in preventing cancer, ischemia, and cardiovascular disease. However, its use has been limited by low bioavailability and unsatisfactory efficacy. To address this problem, a series of stachydrine derivatives (A1/A2/A3/A4/B1/B2/B3/B4) were designed and synthesized, and biological studies were carried out in vitro and in vivo. When compared with stachydrine, Compound B1 exhibited better neuroprotective effects in vitro, and significantly reduced infarction size in the model of the middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model. Therefore, Compound B1 was selected for further research on ischemic stroke. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Feng Li
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 23 HongKong Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chenhui Hou
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Sifeng Zhu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lili Zhong
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jianchun Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Cai Song
- Shenzhen Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Wenbao Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Innovation Center for Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Volpicelli L, Biliotti E, Milito C, Cruciata A, Spaziante M, Rivano Capparuccia M, Taliani G, Mezzaroma I. Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir ultra-short treatment to cure HCV infection: case report and literature review. Infez Med 2020; 28:616-620. [PMID: 33257639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Shortening therapy duration with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) is desirable to pursue the WHO target of HCV eradication by 2030. We report two cases of HCV-infected women who achieved sustained virologic response after an ultra-short treatment with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (G/P), discontinued due to cutaneous adverse events, and analyze similar cases reported in the literature. Female gender seems to be a prevailing characteristic in this group of patients. G/P, due to its pangenotypic and strong antiviral activity, may represent a candidate for a shortened DAA regimen in non-cirrhotic treatment-naive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Volpicelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Biliotti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Milito
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Cruciata
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Spaziante
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gloria Taliani
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Mezzaroma
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Wang YK, Lee WP, Wang YW, Huang YH, Hou MC, Chang YL, Lan KH. Precipitating factors causing hyperbilirubinemia during chronic hepatitis C treatment with paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir and dasabuvir. J Chin Med Assoc 2020; 83:1071-1078. [PMID: 33273269 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic decompensation is a fatal on-treatment side effect during chronic hepatitis C treatment with paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir and dasabuvir (PrOD). Prompt bilirubin testing can reveal hepatic failure in susceptible patients, and clinical parameters precipitating early elevation of bilirubin can warn clinicians to avoid PrOD prescription. METHODS This retrospective study included 169 Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-genotype 1b patients who underwent a 12-week course of PrOD with or without ribavirin. Laboratory data underwent χ analysis with Fisher's exact test to determine the precipitating factors causing hyperbilirubinemia in patients who had received 1 week of treatment. RESULTS Sustained viral response was achieved in 164 patients (97.0%). Total bilirubin was ≥2 mg/dL (21.3%) in 36 patients after 1 week of treatment. Pretreatment white blood cell (WBC) <4500/µL and platelet <100,000/µL correlated with total bilirubin ≥2 mg/dL (relative risk [RR]: 21.64, 95% CI: 5.23-89.64, p < 0.001) after 1 week of treatment. Pretreatment platelet ≥100 000/µL and WBC <4500/µL correlated with direct bilirubin ≥0.45 mg/dL (RR: 6.56, 95% CI: 1.42-30.38, p = 0.016) and indirect bilirubin ≥0.6 mg/dL (RR: 4.77, 95% CI: 1.03-22.15, p = 0.046). Pretreatment platelet <100,000/µL with F3/F4 fibrosis correlated with first week total bilirubin ≥2 mg/dL (RR: 3.57, 95% CI: 1.35-9.09, p = 0.010). CONCLUSION PrOD is an effective antiviral regimen for HCV genotype 1b patients. Total bilirubin ≥2 mg/dL after 1 week of treatment serves as an early warning of irreversible progression toward hepatic decompensation, and the current study provides a guide by which to monitor chronic hepatitis C patients undergoing PrOD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kai Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Ping Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Wen Wang
- Healthcare Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Keng-Hsin Lan
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak globally, repurposing approved drugs is emerging as important therapeutic options. Danoprevir boosted by ritonavir (Ganovo) is a potent hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease (NS3/4A) inhibitor, which was approved and marketed in China since 2018 to treat chronic hepatitis C patients. METHODS This is an open-label, single arm study evaluating the effects of danoprevir boosted by ritonavir on treatment naïve and experienced COVID-19 patients for the first time. Patients received danoprevir boosted by ritonavir (100 mg/100 mg, twice per day). The primary endpoint was the rate of composite adverse outcomes and efficacy was also evaluated. RESULTS The data showed that danoprevir boosted by ritonavir is safe and well tolerated in all patients. No patient had composite adverse outcomes during this study. After initiation of danoprevir/ritonavir treatment, the first negative reverse real-time PCR (RT-PCR) test occurred at a median of 2 days, ranging from 1 to 8 days, and the obvious absorption in CT scans occurred at a median 3 days, ranging from 2 to 4 days. After 4 to 12-day treatment of danoprevir boosted by ritonavir, all enrolled 11 patients were discharged from the hospital. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that repurposing danoprevir for COVID-19 is a promising therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Wang
- The First Department of Infectious Disease
| | | | - Fanghua Gong
- The Second Department of Infectious Disease, The Ninth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330002, Jiangxi Province
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Ascletis Bioscience Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310051
| | - Yahong Chen
- Ascletis Bioscience Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310051
| | - Jinzi J Wu
- Ascletis Bioscience Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310051
- Ascletis Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 310051, Zhejiang Province, China
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Aragri M, Milana M, Di Maio VC, Lenci I, Carioti L, Perno CF, Svicher V, Angelico M, Ceccherini-Silberstein F. Successful ongoing retreatment with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir + sofosbuvir + ribavirin in a patient with HCV genotype 3 who failed glecaprevir/pibrentasvir with both NS3 and NS5A resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:1266-1268. [PMID: 32240711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Aragri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M Milana
- Hepatology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - V C Di Maio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - I Lenci
- Hepatology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - L Carioti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - C F Perno
- Department of Oncology and Oncohematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - V Svicher
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M Angelico
- Hepatology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Örmeci N, Gülşen MT, Sezgin O, Aghayeva S, Demir M, Köksal I, Güner R, Erarslan E, Asiller ÖÖ, Balkan A, Yaraş S, Kartal AÇ. Treatment of HCV infection with direct-acting antiviral agents. Real life experiences from the Euro-Asian region. Turk J Gastroenterol 2020; 31:148-155. [PMID: 32141824 PMCID: PMC7062133 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2020.19440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a common disease that causes liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extra hepatic manifestations with high mortality and morbidity rates. This study aimed to present real-life experiences and results of treatment of HCV infection with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) from the Euro-Asian region, including Turkey and Azerbaijan. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1224 patients with chronic HCV infection were treated with DAAs in accordance with the international guidelines for the management of HCV infection. The mean age was 58.74±14.75 years, with 713 (58.25%) females. The genotypes of the patients were as follows: genotype 1b, 83.36% (n=1024); genotype 1a, 8.08% (n=99); genotype 2, 2.85% (n=35); genotype 3, 3.34% (n=41); genotype 4, 1.71% (n=21); and combined genotypes, 0.32% (n=4). Approximately 808 patients were treated with sofosbuvir-based DAAs with or without Ribavirin for 12 or 24 weeks, whereas 416 patients were treated with the Paritaprevir, Ombitasvir, Ritonavir.Dasabuvir (PROD) regimen with or without Ribavirin for 12 weeks or 24 weeks. RESULTS At the end of follow-up examinations, 1183 patients (97.93%) had sustained virological response (SVR), 17 (1.40%) died of reasons unrelated to the treatment regimen, 12 had recurrence after treatment, and 129 (10.67%) had adverse events like anemia, itching, and weakness. CONCLUSION In this large cohort of HCV-infected patients, treatment with DAAs yielded a high overall SVR rate of 97.93%. DAAs were safe and well-tolerated. Thus, the elimination of HCV infection is no longer a dream worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necati Örmeci
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Taner Gülşen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Orhan Sezgin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Sevda Aghayeva
- Department of Gastroenterology, Azerbaijan Medical University School of Medicine, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Mehmet Demir
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University School of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Iftihar Köksal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Karadeniz Technical University School of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Rahmet Güner
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elife Erarslan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özgün Ömer Asiller
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Balkan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yaraş
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Aysun Çalışkan Kartal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Pratley RE, Kang J, Trautmann ME, Hompesch M, Han O, Stewart J, Sorli CH, Jacob S, Yoon K. Body weight management and safety with efpeglenatide in adults without diabetes: A phase II randomized study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2019; 21:2429-2439. [PMID: 31264757 PMCID: PMC6851541 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the safety of efpeglenatide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), and its effects on body weight management in adults without diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this phase II, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, participants with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 or ≥27 kg/m2 with comorbidity were randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to efpeglenatide (4 mg once weekly, 6 mg once weekly, 6 mg once every 2 wk, or 8 mg once every 2 wk; n = 237) or placebo (n = 60) in combination with a hypocaloric diet. The primary endpoint was body weight change from baseline after 20 wk of treatment, assessed using a mixed-effect model with repeated measures with an unstructured covariance matrix over all post-screening visits; treatment comparisons were based on least squares mean estimates. RESULTS Over 20 wk, all doses of efpeglenatide significantly reduced body weight from baseline versus placebo (P < 0.0001), with placebo-adjusted reductions ranging between -6.3 kg (6 mg once every 2 wk) and -7.2 kg (6 mg once weekly). Greater proportions of efpeglenatide-treated participants had body weight loss of ≥5% or ≥10% versus placebo (P < 0.01, all comparisons). Efpeglenatide led to significant improvements in glycaemic variables (fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin) and lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglycerides) versus placebo. Rates of study discontinuations as a result of adverse events ranged from 5% to 19% with efpeglenatide. Gastrointestinal effects were the most common treatment-emergent adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Efpeglenatide once weekly and once every 2 wk led to significant body weight reduction and improved glycaemic and lipid variables versus placebo. It was also well tolerated for weight management in adults without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E. Pratley
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and DiabetesAdventHealthOrlandoFlorida
| | - Jahoon Kang
- Clinical Research and DevelopmentHanmi Pharmaceutical Co., LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| | | | | | - OakPil Han
- Department of BiometricsHanmi Pharmaceutical Co., LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| | - John Stewart
- Department of BiostatisticsSanofi CanadaLavalQuebecCanada
| | | | - Stephan Jacob
- Praxis für Prävention und TherapieVillingen‐SchwenningenGermany
| | - Kun‐Ho Yoon
- Endocrinology and MetabolismCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
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Pérez AB, Chueca N, García-Deltoro M, Martínez-Sapiña AM, Lara-Pérez MM, García-Bujalance S, Aldámiz-Echevarría T, Vera-Méndez FJ, Pineda JA, Casado M, Pascasio JM, Salmerón J, Alados-Arboledas JC, Poyato A, Téllez F, Rivero-Juárez A, Merino D, Vivancos-Gallego MJ, Rosales-Zábal JM, García F. High efficacy of resistance-guided retreatment of HCV patients failing NS5A inhibitors in the real world. J Hepatol 2019; 71:876-888. [PMID: 31279901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Most hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients failing NS5A inhibitors develop resistance-associated substitutions (RASs). Here we report the use of resistance-guided retreatment of patients who failed prior NS5A inhibitor-containing regimens in the GEHEP-004 cohort. This is the largest direct-acting antiviral (DAA)-resistance cohort study conducted in Spain. We aim to provide indications on how to use resistance information in settings where sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir may not be available. METHODS GEHEP-004 is a prospective multicenter cohort enrolling HCV-infected patients treated with interferon (IFN)-free DAA regimens. Prior to retreatment, population-based sequencing of HCV NS3, NS5A and NS5B genes was performed. After receiving a comprehensive resistance interpretation report, the retreatment regimen was chosen and the sustained virological response (SVR) at 12 weeks after treatment completion (SVR12) was recorded. RESULTS A total of 342 patients experiencing virological failure after treatment with sofosbuvir/ledipasvir±ribavirin (54%), sofosbuvir/daclatasvir±ribavirin (23%), or paritaprevir-ritonavir/ombitasvir±dasabuvir±ribavirin (20%) were studied. After a resistance report, 186 patients were retreated. An SVR12 was achieved for 88.1% of the patients who failed after sofosbuvir/ledipasvir±ribavirin, 83.3% of the patients who failed after sofosbuvir/daclatasvir±ribavirin, 93.7% of the patients who failed after paritaprevir-ritonavir+ombitasvir±dasabuvir±ribavirin. CONCLUSIONS In our study, we show how resistance-guided retreatment in conjunction with an interpreted report allows patients to achieve SVR rates close to 90%. We hypothesize that SVR rates may even be improved if resistance data are discussed between experienced virologists and treating clinicians. We believe that our data may be relevant for countries where the access to new DAA combination regimens is limited. LAY SUMMARY Hepatitis C infection can be cured with currently available antiviral agents. Only a small proportion of patients experience treatment failure, however, in absolute numbers, a high number of patients may require retreatment. Highly effective combinations of antivirals are also available for retreatment. However, these antivirals might not be available in resource-limited settings. Herein, we show how, by analyzing the cause of resistance, retreatment efficacy with old drugs can get very close to the efficacy of new drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Pérez
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofía. Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Natalia Chueca
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, University Hospital San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Antonio Pineda
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marta Casado
- Hepatology Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Pascasio
- Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, IBIS Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, CIBERehd, Seville, Spain
| | - Javier Salmerón
- Hepatology Unit, University Hospital San Cecilio Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.Granada, CIBERehd, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Poyato
- Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Téllez
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Puerto Real, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Rivero-Juárez
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Dolores Merino
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
| | | | | | - Federico García
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, University Hospital San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Li H, Li S, Yang H, Wang Y, Wang J, Zheng N. l-Proline Alleviates Kidney Injury Caused by AFB1 and AFM1 through Regulating Excessive Apoptosis of Kidney Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11040226. [PMID: 30995739 PMCID: PMC6521284 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity and related mechanisms of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in the mouse kidney were studied, and the role of l-proline in alleviating kidney damage was investigated. In a 28-day toxicity mouse model, thirty mice were divided into six groups: control (without treatment), l-proline group (10 g/kg body weight (b.w.)), AFB1 group (0.5 mg/kg b.w.), AFM1 (3.5 mg/kg b.w.), AFB1 + l-proline group and AFM1 + l-proline group. Kidney index and biochemical indicators were detected, and pathological staining was observed. Using a human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cell model, cell apoptosis rate and apoptotic proteins expressions were detected. The results showed that AFB1 and AFM1 activated pathways related with oxidative stress and caused kidney injury; l-proline significantly alleviated abnormal expressions of biochemical parameters and pathological kidney damage, as well as excessive cell apoptosis in the AF-treated models. Moreover, proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) was verified to regulate the levels of l-proline and downstream apoptotic factors (Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved Caspase-3) compared with the control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, l-proline could protect mouse kidneys from AFB1 and AFM1 through alleviating oxidative damage and decreasing downstream apoptosis, which deserves further research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Songli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Huaigu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yizhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Kjellin M, Wesslén T, Löfblad E, Lennerstrand J, Lannergård A. The effect of the first-generation HCV-protease inhibitors boceprevir and telaprevir and the relation to baseline NS3 resistance mutations in genotype 1: experience from a small Swedish cohort. Ups J Med Sci 2018; 123. [PMID: 29536805 PMCID: PMC5901468 DOI: 10.1080/03009734.2018.1441928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical experience with protease-inhibitor (PI) triple regimen appears disappointing regarding effect, side effects, high work load, and costs. This real-world study evaluates baseline and emerging resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) and their significance for treatment outcome. METHOD Thirty-six genotype 1a/b patients treated according to Swedish recommendations during 2011-2013 with triple therapy including pegylated interferon and ribavirin in combination with a protease-inhibitor, either boceprevir (BOC) or telaprevir (TVR), were retrospectively evaluated. Frozen serum samples from the patients were tested for resistance with pan-genotypic population sequencing. RESULTS Overall, 56% (20/36) of the patients achieved sustained viral response (SVR). The SVR was comparable between BOC (64%; 9/14) and TVR (50%; 11/22) (p = 0.07), and the IL28B type non-CC (48%; 12/25) and CC (46%; 6/13) (p = 0.77). The SVR was higher in patients without cirrhosis (89.5%; 17/19) (p < 0.0005), in treatment-naïve patients (70%; 14/20) (p = 0.02), and those with low viral load (<800,000 IU/mL) (66.7%; 8/12) (p < 0.0002), compared to those with cirrhosis (17.6%; 3/17), treatment-experienced (37.5%; 6/16), and high viral load (>800,000 IU/mL) (50%; 12/24). CONCLUSION PI triple regimes were highly effective in treatment-naïve patients without cirrhosis, but in this real-world cohort an inferior effect was evident in cirrhotic and treatment-experienced patients. Although tested on a limited sample, the baseline resistance testing seems to have no impact on prediction of therapy outcome. The reason could be that the baseline RASs T54S and V55A have relatively low resistance towards BOC and TVR. Emerging RASs, mainly R155K, with known high resistance to BOC and TVR were frequently found in non-responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Kjellin
- Section of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Terése Wesslén
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Erik Löfblad
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Johan Lennerstrand
- Section of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Anders Lannergård
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden
- CONTACT Anders Lannergård Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, Uppsala University, S 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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Cuypers L, Libin P, Schrooten Y, Theys K, Di Maio VC, Cento V, Lunar MM, Nevens F, Poljak M, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Nowé A, Van Laethem K, Vandamme AM. Exploring resistance pathways for first-generation NS3/4A protease inhibitors boceprevir and telaprevir using Bayesian network learning. Infect Genet Evol 2017; 53:15-23. [PMID: 28499845 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Resistance-associated variants (RAVs) have been shown to influence treatment response to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and first generation NS3/4A protease inhibitors (PIs) in particular. Interpretation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypic drug resistance remains a challenge, especially in patients who previously failed DAA therapy and need to be retreated with a second DAA based regimen. Bayesian network (BN) learning on HCV sequence data from patients treated with DAAs could provide insight in resistance pathways against PIs for HCV subtypes 1a and 1b, in a similar way as applied before for HIV. The publicly available 'Rega-BN' tool chain was developed to study associative analyses for various pathogens. Our first analysis, comparing sequences from PI-naïve and PI-experienced patients, determined that NS3 substitutions R155K and V36M arise with PI-exposure in HCV1a infected patients, and were defined as major and minor resistance-associated variants respectively. NS3 variant 174H was newly identified as potentially related to PI resistance. In a second analysis, NS3 sequences from PI-naïve patients who cleared the virus during PI therapy and from PI-naïve patients who failed PI therapy were compared, showing that NS3 baseline variant 67S predisposes to treatment-failure and variant 72I to treatment success. This approach has the potential to better characterize the role of more RAVs, if sufficient therapy annotated sequence data becomes available in curated public databases. In addition, polymorphisms present in baseline sequences that predispose patients to therapy failure can be identified using this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lize Cuypers
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Herestraat 49, box 1040, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Pieter Libin
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Herestraat 49, box 1040, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Artificial Intelligence Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Yoeri Schrooten
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Herestraat 49, box 1040, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kristof Theys
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Herestraat 49, box 1040, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Velia Chiara Di Maio
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| | - Valeria Cento
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| | - Maja M Lunar
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Frederik Nevens
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Hepatology, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mario Poljak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | | | - Ann Nowé
- Artificial Intelligence Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Kristel Van Laethem
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Herestraat 49, box 1040, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Anne-Mieke Vandamme
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Herestraat 49, box 1040, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Microbiology Unit, Institute for Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Bakaeva ZV, Sangadzhieva AD, Tani S, Myasoedov NF, Andreeva LA, Torshin VI, Wallace JL, Tanaka T. Glyprolines exert protective and repair-promoting effects in the rat stomach: potential role of the cytokine GRO/CINC-1. J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 67:253-260. [PMID: 27226185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Glyprolines have been reported to exert protective effects in the stomach. In this study, we examined the potential effects of intranasal administration of Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) and N-acetyl-Pro-Gly-Pro (AcPGP) on experimental gastric ulcer formation and healing. We also studied gastric release of the cytokine GRO/CINC-1, and its potential role in ulcer development and healing. Gastric ulcers were induced in rats by applying acetic acid to the serosa of the stomach. PGP and AcPGP were then administered at a dose of 3.7 μmol/kg once daily on either days 1 - 3 (ulcer formation) or days 4 - 6 (ulcer healing). Measurement of ulcer area and histological examination of gastric tissue were carried out on days 4 and 7 after application of acetic acid. In vitro studies involved addition of the glyprolines to cultured rat gastric epithelial cells with or without lipopolysaccharide. Reverse transcription PCR, real-time PCR and ELISA were used for cytokine analysis. PGP and AcPGP significantly reduced ulcer areas on the 4(th) day and accelerated the healing on the 7(th) day compared with the control. After acetic acid-induced ulceration, the expression of GRO/CINC-1 mRNA in gastric tissue was increased 9-fold versus the sham-operated group. Treatment with PGP or AcPGP both significantly suppressed the expression of GRO/CINC-1 mRNA in gastric tissue. However, the glyprolines did not alter LPS-induced mRNA expression or release of GRO/CINC-1 from cultured rat gastric epithelial cells, even though those cells were harvested from rats subjected to the ulcer-induction procedure. The results of this study show that intranasal administration of PGP and AcPGP significantly increased resistance against acetic acid-induced ulceration and accelerated healing in the rats. These effects may be due, at least in part, to their ability to reduce the acetic acid-induced GRO/CINC-1 expression and production in gastric tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z V Bakaeva
- Scientific Research Institute of Pediatrics, Scientific Center of Children's Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
- Department of Physiology Medical Institute, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A D Sangadzhieva
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Tani
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - N F Myasoedov
- Department of Chemistry of Physiologically Active Compounds, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - L A Andreeva
- Department of Chemistry of Physiologically Active Compounds, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - V I Torshin
- Department of Physiology Medical Institute, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - J L Wallace
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - T Tanaka
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
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Deuis JR, Wingerd JS, Winter Z, Durek T, Dekan Z, Sousa SR, Zimmermann K, Hoffmann T, Weidner C, Nassar MA, Alewood PF, Lewis RJ, Vetter I. Analgesic Effects of GpTx-1, PF-04856264 and CNV1014802 in a Mouse Model of NaV1.7-Mediated Pain. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8030078. [PMID: 26999206 PMCID: PMC4810223 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations of Na(V)1.7 lead to congenital insensitivity to pain, a rare condition resulting in individuals who are otherwise normal except for the inability to sense pain, making pharmacological inhibition of Na(V)1.7 a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pain. We characterized a novel mouse model of Na(V)1.7-mediated pain based on intraplantar injection of the scorpion toxin OD1, which is suitable for rapid in vivo profiling of Na(V)1.7 inhibitors. Intraplantar injection of OD1 caused spontaneous pain behaviors, which were reversed by co-injection with Na(V)1.7 inhibitors and significantly reduced in Na(V)1.7(-/-) mice. To validate the use of the model for profiling Na(V)1.7 inhibitors, we determined the Na(V) selectivity and tested the efficacy of the reported Na(V)1.7 inhibitors GpTx-1, PF-04856264 and CNV1014802 (raxatrigine). GpTx-1 selectively inhibited Na(V)1.7 and was effective when co-administered with OD1, but lacked efficacy when delivered systemically. PF-04856264 state-dependently and selectively inhibited Na(V)1.7 and significantly reduced OD1-induced spontaneous pain when delivered locally and systemically. CNV1014802 state-dependently, but non-selectively, inhibited Na(V) channels and was only effective in the OD1 model when delivered systemically. Our novel model of Na(V)1.7-mediated pain based on intraplantar injection of OD1 is thus suitable for the rapid in vivo characterization of the analgesic efficacy of Na(V)1.7 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Deuis
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Joshua S Wingerd
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Zoltan Winter
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology and Department of Anaesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Thomas Durek
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Zoltan Dekan
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Silmara R Sousa
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Katharina Zimmermann
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology and Department of Anaesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Tali Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology and Department of Anaesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christian Weidner
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology and Department of Anaesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Mohammed A Nassar
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Paul F Alewood
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Irina Vetter
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
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Spindelboeck W, Horvath A, Tawdrous M, Schmerböck B, Zettel G, Posch A, Streit A, Jurse P, Lemesch S, Horn M, Wuensch G, Stiegler P, Stauber RE, Leber B, Stadlbauer V. Triple Therapy with First Generation Protease Inhibitors for Hepatitis C Markedly Impairs Function of Neutrophil Granulocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150299. [PMID: 26938078 PMCID: PMC4777445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
First-generation HCV protease inhibitors represent a milestone in antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC), but substantially increased rates of viral clearance are offset by increased rates of infection and infection-associated deaths, especially of patients with advanced liver disease. We aimed to assess whether first generation protease inhibitors interfere with neutrophil function. We included 108 consecutive, retrospective CHC patients and 44 consecutive, prospective CHC patients who were treated with peginterferon and ribavirin with or without protease inhibitors according to the guidelines in the period of November 2012 to June 2015. 33 healthy volunteers served as controls. Infection data were evaluated in all patients. Neutrophil phagocytosis, oxidative burst, elastase and diamine oxidase levels during 12 weeks of triple (n = 23) or dual therapy (n = 21) were studied in the prospective part. In the retro- and prospective cohorts patients experiencing clinically relevant infections were significantly more frequent during protease inhibitor therapy (31% and 26%) than during therapy with peginterferon and ribavirin (13% and 0%). Neutrophil phagocytosis decreased to 40% of baseline with addition of protease inhibitors to P/R but recovered 6 months after end of treatment. Protease inhibitors also seemed to reduce serum elastase levels but did not impact on gut permeability. Impaired neutrophil function during triple therapy with first generation HCV protease inhibitors may explain the high infection rate associated to these treatments and be of relevance for treatment success and patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Spindelboeck
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Angela Horvath
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Monika Tawdrous
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bianca Schmerböck
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriele Zettel
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Posch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Streit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Jurse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Lemesch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Horn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerit Wuensch
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Stiegler
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf E. Stauber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bettina Leber
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Vanessa Stadlbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Roomi MW, Kalinovsky T, Rath M, Niedzwiecki A. A nutrient mixture inhibits glioblastoma xenograft U-87 MG growth in male nude mice. Exp Oncol 2016; 38:54-56. [PMID: 27031721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain tumors are highly aggressive tumors characterized by secretions of high levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, leading to tumor growth, invasion and metastasis by digesting the basement membrane and extracellular matrix components. We previously demonstrated the effectiveness of a nutrient mixture (NM) containing ascorbic acid, lysine, proline, and green tea extract in vitro: on activity of urokinase plasminogen activator, matrix metalloproteinases and TIMPs in various human glioblastoma (LN-18, T-98G and A-172) cell lines and on glioblastoma A-172 cell proliferation and Matrigel invasion. AIM Our main objective in this study was to investigate the effect of the NM in vivo on human glioblastoma U-87 MG cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS Athymic male nude mice inoculated with 3·10(6) U-87 MG cells subcutaneously and were fed a regular diet or a regular diet supplemented with 0.5% NM. Four weeks later, the mice were sacrificed, the tumors were weighed and measured. The samples were studied histologically. RESULTS NM inhibited tumor weight and tumor burden by 53% (p = 0.015) and 48% (p = 0.010), respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the therapeutic potential of NM as an adjuvant in the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Roomi
- Dr. Rath Research Institute, 1260 Memorex Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95050, USA
| | - T Kalinovsky
- Dr. Rath Research Institute, 1260 Memorex Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95050, USA
| | - M Rath
- Dr. Rath Research Institute, 1260 Memorex Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95050, USA
| | - A Niedzwiecki
- Dr. Rath Research Institute, 1260 Memorex Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95050, USA
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Wedemeyer H, Forns X, Hézode C, Lee SS, Scalori A, Voulgari A, Le Pogam S, Nájera I, Thommes JA. Mericitabine and Either Boceprevir or Telaprevir in Combination with Peginterferon Alfa-2a plus Ribavirin for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 1 Infection and Prior Null Response: The Randomized DYNAMO 1 and DYNAMO 2 Studies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145409. [PMID: 26752189 PMCID: PMC4713467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Most patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection who have had a previous null response (<2-log10 reduction in HCV RNA by treatment week 12) to peginterferon/ribavirin (PegIFN/RBV) do not achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) when re-treated with a first-generation HCV protease inhibitor (PI) administered in combination with PegIFN/RBV. We studied the incremental benefits associated with adding mericitabine (nucleoside analog inhibitor of HCV polymerase) to PI plus PegIFN alfa-2a/RBV-based therapy in two double-blind randomized multicenter phase 2 trials (with boceprevir in DYNAMO 1, and with telaprevir in DYNAMO 2). The primary endpoint in both trials was SVR, defined as HCV RNA <25 IU/mL 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12). Overall, the addition of mericitabine to PI plus PegIFN alfa-2a/RBV therapy resulted in SVR12 rates of 60-70% in DYNAMO 1 and of 71-96% in DYNAMO 2. SVR12 rates were similar in patients infected with HCV genotype 1a and 1b in both trials. The placebo control arms in both studies were stopped because of high rates of virological failure. Numerically lower relapse rates were associated with longer treatment with mericitabine (24 versus 12 weeks), telaprevir-containing regimens, and regimens that included 48 weeks of PegIFN alfa-2a/RBV therapy. No mericitabine resistance mutations were identified in any patient in either trial. The addition of mericitabine did not add to the safety burden associated with either telaprevir or boceprevir-based regimens. These studies demonstrate increased SVR rates and reduced relapse rates in difficult-to-treat patients when a nucleoside polymerase inhibitor with intermediate antiviral potency is added to regimens containing a first-generation PI. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01482403 and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01482390.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology at Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xavier Forns
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christophe Hézode
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hôpital Henri Mondor, INSERM U955, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | | | - Astrid Scalori
- Global Product Development Immunology, Respiratory, Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn, United Kingdom
| | - Athina Voulgari
- Global Product Development Clinical Science, Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Le Pogam
- Clinical Development-Infectious Diseases, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Isabel Nájera
- Roche Pharma and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - James A. Thommes
- Product Development Immunology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
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About F, Oudot-Mellakh T, Niay J, Rabiéga P, Pedergnana V, Duffy D, Sultanik P, Cagnot C, Carrat F, Marcellin P, Zoulim F, Larrey D, Hézode C, Fontaine H, Bronowicki JP, Pol S, Albert ML, Theodorou I, Cobat A, Abel L. Impact of IL28B, APOH and ITPA Polymorphisms on Efficacy and Safety of TVR- or BOC-Based Triple Therapy in Treatment-Experienced HCV-1 Patients with Compensated Cirrhosis from the ANRS CO20-CUPIC Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145105. [PMID: 26670100 PMCID: PMC4682920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human genetic factors influence the outcome of pegylated interferon and ribavirin hepatitis C therapy. We explored the role of IL28B, APOH and ITPA SNPs on the outcomes of triple therapy including telaprevir or boceprevir in patients with compensated cirrhosis chronically infected with HCV-1. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 256 HCV-1 Caucasian treatment-experienced patients with compensated cirrhosis from the ANRS CO20-CUPIC cohort were genotyped for a total of 10 candidate SNPs in IL28B (rs12979860 and rs368234815), APOH (rs8178822, rs12944940, rs10048158, rs52797880, rs1801689 and rs1801690) and ITPA (rs1127354 and rs7270101). We tested the association of IL28B and APOH SNPs with sustained virological response and of ITPA SNPs with anemia related phenotypes by means of logistic regression assuming an additive genetic model. RESULTS None of the six APOH SNPs were associated with sustained virological response. The favorable alleles of the IL28B SNPs rs12979860 and rs368234815 were associated with sustained virological response (rs12979860: OR = 2.35[1.50-3.70], P = 2x10(-4)). Refined analysis showed that the effect of IL28B SNPs on sustained virological response was restricted to prior PegIFN/RBV relapse (OR = 3.80[1.82-8.92], P = 8x10(-4)). We also confirmed the association between ITPA low activity alleles and protection against early hemoglobin decline in triple therapy (P = 2x10(-5)). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the screening of rs12979860 may remain interesting for decision making in prior relapse HCV-1 Caucasian patients with compensated cirrhosis eligible for a telaprevir- or boceprevir-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédégonde About
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Tiphaine Oudot-Mellakh
- Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris (CIMI), INSERM U1135, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Plateforme Génomique Inserm-ANRS, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, AP-HP, UPMC Université Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Niay
- Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris (CIMI), INSERM U1135, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Plateforme Génomique Inserm-ANRS, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, AP-HP, UPMC Université Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Pascaline Rabiéga
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Paris, France
| | - Vincent Pedergnana
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Centre for Human Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- The Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U818, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Sultanik
- Département d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- INSERM UMS20, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Carole Cagnot
- Unit for Basic and Clinical research on Viral Hepatitis, Inserm-ANRS (France REcherche Nord & sud Sida-HIV Hépatites-FRENSH), Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Carrat
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Paris, France
- Service de Santé Publique, Hôpital Saint Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Fabien Zoulim
- Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM UMR I 1052/CNRS 5286, Lyon cedex 03, France
- Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Hospices civils de Lyon, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, service d'hépatologie et de gastroentérologie, Lyon, France
| | | | - Christophe Hézode
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), INSERM U955, UPEC, Créteil, France
| | - Hélène Fontaine
- Département d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- INSERM UMS20, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Bronowicki
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, INSERM U954, CHU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Stanislas Pol
- Département d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- INSERM UMS20, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Matthew L. Albert
- Centre for Human Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- The Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U818, Paris, France
- INSERM UMS20, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ioannis Theodorou
- Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris (CIMI), INSERM U1135, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Plateforme Génomique Inserm-ANRS, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, AP-HP, UPMC Université Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States of America
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Acero Fernández D, Morillas Cunill R, Ferri Iglesias MJ, Torras Collell X, Vergara Gómez M, Zaragoza Velasco N, López Nuñez C, Forné Bardera M, Delgado Gómez M, Barenys Lacha M, Torres Salinas M, Villar Fernández M, Durández Lázaro R, Mariño Mendez Z. Predictive variables of sustained virological response after early discontinuation of triple therapy with telaprevir for genotype-1 HCV infection. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 39:377-84. [PMID: 26614733 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pivotal phase studies of telaprevir (TLV) and boceprevir (BOV) showed 10-56% rates of early treatment interruption. However, there have been no reports on the sustained virological response (SVR) rates of these patients. AIM To assess the SVR rate in a large cohort of patients who discontinued triple therapy with TLV or BOV for reasons other than stopping rules and to identify variables predicting SVR. MATERIAL AND METHOD A survey was sent to 15 hospitals in Catalonia asking them to report all TLV/BOV treatments finished by 31 May 2014. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, liver fibrosis and therapeutic data were recorded for treatments with early discontinuation. Logistic regression analysis, ROC curves and prognostic assessment of the variables identified were calculated. RESULTS Twelve hospitals responded to the survey, representing 467 treatments and 121 (21.2%) early discontinuations, 76 (62.8%) due to stopping rules and 45 (37.2%) for other reasons. Early discontinuation was more frequent with BOV [38.2% (50/131) versus 21.1% (71/336) p<0.005], mainly due to stopping rules [78% (39/50) versus 52.1% (37/71); p=0.004]. SVR was achieved in 21/121 patients (17.4%), 19/71 (26.8%) treated with TLV and 2/50 (4.0%) treated with BOV. In patients discontinuing treatment for reasons other than stopping rules, SVR was achieved in 19/37 (55.9%) treated with TLV and in 2/11 (18.2%) treated with BOV. The SVR rate in patients treated with TLV who discontinued due to a severe adverse event was 61.5% (16/26). A logistic regression analysis was performed only with triple therapy with TLV and early discontinuation. The predictive variables of SVR were undetectable HCV-RNA at treatment week 4 and treatment length longer than 11 weeks. Treatment duration longer than 11 weeks showed the best accuracy (0.794), with a positive predictive value of 0.928. CONCLUSIONS Early discontinuation of TLV-based triple therapy due to reasons other than stopping rules still have a significant SVR rate (55.9%). Undetectable HVC-RNA at week 4 of treatment and treatment duration longer than 11 weeks are predictive of SVR in this subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mercedes Vergara Gómez
- Parc Taulí Sabadell, Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, CIBERehd, Sabadell, Spain
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Crespo J, Berenguer M, Pérez F, Fernández I, González O, Bárcena R, Buti M, López J, Calleja JL. [Lead-in period and week 8 as predictive tools for response to boceprevir therapy: a retrospective study of Spanish real clinical practice]. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 38:517-24. [PMID: 25976446 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most discontinuations due to lack of virological response occur during the first few weeks of hepatitis C virus (HCV) triple therapy. Improved knowledge of baseline factors and their correlation with boceprevir decision points may predict treatment success. METHODS An observational, retrospective study was conducted to describe the lead-in period as a clinical decision tool in HCV genotype 1 patients treated with boceprevir. Data were collected from the medical records of 186 consecutive patients distributed across 20 Spanish general hospitals. RESULTS This study included 171 patients. A total of 80% had fibrosis F3/F4, 74% were previously treated, and 26% were treatment-naïve. After the lead-in period, 54.5% of the patients had a reduction of ≥1 log10; this reduction occurred in 52.5% of those with advanced fibrosis. Boceprevir therapy was started in 94% of the patients. Discontinuations at week 4 were limited to null responders with cirrhosis. The baseline factors associated with virological response at week 4 were IL28B, previous response, and fibrosis score. At week 8, HCV-RNA was undetectable in 48.8% of the patients. The correlation between responses at weeks 8 and 12 was 88%. CONCLUSION In the Spanish clinical setting, lead-in was mainly used as a clinical decision point for non-responders with cirrhosis. The good correlation between stopping rules at weeks 8 and 12 could be used to anticipate discontinuation, thus saving adverse events and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Crespo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, España.
| | - Marina Berenguer
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - Francisco Pérez
- Departamento de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | - Inmaculada Fernández
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
| | - Olga González
- Departamento de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lérida
| | - Rafael Bárcena
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
| | - María Buti
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, España
| | - Jesús López
- Medical Affairs Department, MSD, Madrid, España
| | - José Luis Calleja
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, España
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Litwin AH, Soloway IJ, Cockerham-Colas L, Reynoso S, Heo M, Tenore C, Roose RJ. Successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C with triple therapy in an opioid agonist treatment program. Int J Drug Policy 2015; 26:1014-9. [PMID: 26341685 PMCID: PMC4833390 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People who inject drugs (PWID) constitute 10 million people globally with hepatitis C virus, including many opioid agonist treatment patients. Little data exist describing clinical outcomes for patients receiving HCV treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) in opioid agonist treatment settings. METHODS In this retrospective observational study, we describe clinical outcomes for 50 genotype-1 patients receiving HCV treatment with triple therapy: telaprevir (n=42) or boceprevir (n=8) in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin on-site in an opioid agonist treatment program. RESULTS Overall, 70% achieved an end of treatment response (ETR) and 62% achieved a sustained virological response (SVR). These treatment outcomes are nearly equivalent to previously published HCV outcomes shown in registration trials, despite high percentages of recent drug use prior to treatment (52%), ongoing drug use during treatment (45%) and psychiatric comorbidity (86%). Only 12% (n=6) discontinued antiviral treatment early for non-virological reasons. Four patients received a blood transfusion, and one discontinued telaprevir due to severe rash. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that on-site HCV treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents is effective in opioid agonist treatment patients including patients who are actively using drugs. Future interferon-free regimens will likely be even more effective. Opioid agonist treatment programs represent an opportunity to safely and effectively treat chronic hepatitis C, and PWID should have unrestricted access to DAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain H Litwin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Irene J Soloway
- Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Cockerham-Colas
- Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sheila Reynoso
- Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Moonseong Heo
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Robert J Roose
- Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
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Yang CC, Tsai WL, Su WW, Huang CF, Cheng PN, Lo CC, Tseng KC, Mo LR, Wang CH, Hsu SJ, Lai HC, Su CW, Liu CJ, Peng CY, Yu ML. Rapid Prediction of Treatment Futility of Boceprevir with Peginterferon-Ribavirin for Taiwanese Treatment Experienced Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1-Infected Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137852. [PMID: 26368130 PMCID: PMC4569190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy and safety of the boceprevir (BOC)-containing triple therapy in Taiwanese treatment-experienced patients remains elusive. After 4 weeks of peginterferon/ribavirin lead-in therapy, patients with cirrhosis or previous null-response received triple therapy for 44 weeks; whereas others received 32 weeks of triple therapy followed by 12 weeks of peginterferon/ribavirin therapy. Patients with HCV RNA > 100 IU/mL at week 12 or with detectable HCV RNA at week 24 of treatment were viewed as futile. A total of 123 patients received treatment. The rates of sustained virological response (SVR) and relapse were 66.7% and 8.9%, respectively by using intention-to-treat analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed that factors associated with SVR included HCV-1b (odds ratio [OR]/ 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 19.23/1.76-525.15, P = 0.01), BOC adherence (7.69/1.55-48.78, P = 0.01), serum albumin (OR/CI:6.25/1.14-40.07, P = 0.03) levels and HCV RNA levels (OR/CI:0.34/0.12-0.79, P = 0.01). Twenty-six (21.1%) patients experienced severe adverse events (SAEs). Multivariate analysis revealed that APRI > 1.5 was the single factor associated with occurring SAEs (OR/CI: 3.77/ 0.97-14.98, P = 0.05). Merging the cut-off values of HCV RNA > 7 log IU/mL at baseline and HCV RNA > 6 log IU/mL at week 4 provided the earliest and best combing viral kinetics in predicting week 12/24 futility with the PPV of 100% and accuracy of 93.5%. HCV-1 treatment experienced Taiwanese patients treated with boceprevir-containing triple therapy in real world had comparable efficacy and safety profiles with those reported in clinical trials. Early viral kinetics before week 4 of treatment highly predicted futility at week 12 or 24 of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chieh Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Su
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Nan Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chu Lo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chih Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzuchi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Lein-Ray Mo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Wang
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jer Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun Lin, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Chou Lai
- Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Su
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Peng
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Yao H, Feng YB, Pang YJ, Xu JJ, Yu BX, Liu XP. Inhibitory effect of group II mGluR agonist 2R, 4R-APDC on cell proliferation in dentate gyrus in rats with epileptic seizure. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19:2922-2927. [PMID: 26241549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epileptic seizure can increase the cell proliferation in dentate gyrus in brain, but the mechanism remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, using systemic bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to label the dividing cells, the inhibitory effect of group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist 2R, 4R-4-aminopyrrolidine-2, 4-dicarboxylate (2R, 4R-APDC) on cell proliferation in dentate gyrus in rats after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) was investigated. RESULTS Results found that, 2R, 4R-APDC could significantly inhibit the behavioral seizure and block the seizure-induced increase of BrdU-positive cells in dentate gyrus, especially in hilus. Double-label immunofluorescence staining showed that, 2R, 4R-APDC did not affect the ability of newborn cells to differentiate into neurons or astrocytes. CONCLUSIONS 2R, 4R-APDC not only has anticonvulsant effect on adult rats with pilocarpine-induced SE, but also has neuroprotective effect by reducing the abnormal regeneration of nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yao
- Department of Geriatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Arends JE, van der Meer JTM, Posthouwer D, Kortmann W, Brinkman K, van Assen S, Smit C, van der Valk M, van der Ende M, Schinkel J, Reiss P, Richter C, Hoepelman AIM. Favourable SVR12 rates with boceprevir or telaprevir triple therapy in HIV/HCV coinfected patients. Neth J Med 2015; 73:324-330. [PMID: 26314715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent publications have reported superior efficacy of telaprevir- or boceprevir-based triple therapy over conventional peginterferon-alfa/ribavirin therapy, albeit with varying rates of adverse events and treatment discontinuations in HIV/HCV coinfected patients. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe the effectiveness of triple therapy in an HIV/HCV coinfection cohort in the Netherlands. METHODS HIV-infected patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 starting triple therapy including either boceprevir or telaprevir were enrolled, 26% had F3-F4 fibrosis. Data were assessed at Week 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and SVR12 (i.e. absence of detectable plasma HCV RNA 12 weeks after completion of treatment). Failure was defined as discontinuation of treatment due to virological failure, adverse events or loss to follow-up. RESULTS A total of 53 HIV/HCV coinfected patients started peginterferon-alfa/ribavirin therapy with either boceprevir (n = 29) or telaprevir (n = 24). SVR12 was achieved in 19 (66%) of the boceprevir-treated and 15 (63%) of the telaprevir-treated patients. Both prior relapse and achievement of a rapid virological response were associated with a higher SVR12 rate. Non- response, breakthrough and relapse occurred in 4, 1 and 5 patients on boceprevir and 3, 2, 2 on telaprevir, respectively. One patient was lost to follow-up and one patient died due to progression of liver failure. Except for these two patients, no treatment discontinuations were observed due to adverse events. CONCLUSION In HIV/HCV coinfected patients, boceprevir or telaprevir triple therapy was well tolerated and resulted in favourable SVR12 rates comparable with previous publications concerning HCV mono-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Arends
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, the Netherlands
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