1
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Takeda J. [Molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic targets in acute erythroid leukemia]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2022; 63:121-133. [PMID: 35264503 DOI: 10.11406/rinketsu.63.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia characterized by erythroid predominance and dysplasia. It is classified into two subtypes: pure erythroid (PEL) and erythroid/myeloid (EML) phenotypes. To understand the mechanism of the erythroid dominant phenotype of AEL and identify potential therapeutic targets for AEL, we analyzed 105 AEL and 214 non-AEL cases using whole-genome/exome and/or targeted-capture sequencing, with SNP probes for detecting copy number abnormalities. We also performed a transcriptome analysis of 12 AEL samples. Combining publicly available sequencing data, AEL was genetically clustered into four groups according to mutational status in TP53, STAG2, and NPM1 genes. Conspicuously, highly recurrent gains and amplifications affecting EPOR, JAK2, and/or ERG/ETS2 were recurrently detected in AEL cases, almost exclusively found in TP53-mutated cases. Among these, gains/amplifications of EPOR/JAK2 were more highly enriched in PEL than EML cases. Along with the activated STAT5 pathway, a common feature across all AEL cases, these AEL cases exhibited enhanced cell proliferation and heme metabolism, and they showed high sensitivity to ruxolitinib in in vitro and in xenograft models, highlighting the potential role of JAK2 inhibition in AEL therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Takeda
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
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2
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Latypova DK, Shmakov SV, Pechkovskaya SA, Filatov AS, Stepakov AV, Knyazev NA, Boitsov VM. Identification of Spiro-Fused Pyrrolo[3,4- a]pyrrolizines and Tryptanthrines as Potential Antitumor Agents: Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111997. [PMID: 34769424 PMCID: PMC8584944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of heterocyclic compounds containing a spiro-fused pyrrolo[3,4-a]pyrrolizine and tryptanthrin framework have been synthesized and studied as potential antitumor agents. Cytotoxicity of products was screened against human erythroleukemia (K562) and human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cell lines. Among the screened compounds. 4a, 4b and 5a were active against human erythroleukemia (K562) cell line, while 4a and 5a were active against cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cell line. In agreement with the DNA cytometry studies, the tested compounds have achieved significant cell-cycle perturbation with higher accumulation of cells in G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. Using confocal microscopy, we found that with 4a and 5a treatment of HeLa cells, actin filaments disappeared, and granular actin was distributed diffusely in the cytoplasm in 76–91% of cells. We discovered that HeLa cells after treatment with compounds 4a and 5a significantly reduced the number of cells with filopodium-like membrane protrusions (from 63 % in control cells to 29% after treatment) and a decrease in cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana K. Latypova
- Saint-Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.K.L.); (S.V.S.)
| | - Stanislav V. Shmakov
- Saint-Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.K.L.); (S.V.S.)
| | - Sofya A. Pechkovskaya
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.F.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Alexander V. Stepakov
- Department of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.F.); (A.V.S.)
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, 190013 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nickolay A. Knyazev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
- Saint-Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological), 197758 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: (N.A.K.); (V.M.B.)
| | - Vitali M. Boitsov
- Saint-Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.K.L.); (S.V.S.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.K.); (V.M.B.)
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3
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Reilly BM, Luger T, Park S, Lio CWJ, González-Avalos E, Wheeler EC, Lee M, Williamson L, Tanaka T, Diep D, Zhang K, Huang Y, Rao A, Bejar R. 5-Azacytidine Transiently Restores Dysregulated Erythroid Differentiation Gene Expression in TET2-Deficient Erythroleukemia Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:451-464. [PMID: 33172974 PMCID: PMC7925369 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTI) like 5-Azacytidine (5-Aza) are the only disease-modifying drugs approved for the treatment of higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), however less than 50% of patients respond, and there are no predictors of response with clinical utility. Somatic mutations in the DNA methylation regulating gene tet-methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) are associated with response to DNMTIs, however the mechanisms responsible for this association remain unknown. Using bisulfite padlock probes, mRNA sequencing, and hydroxymethylcytosine pull-down sequencing at several time points throughout 5-Aza treatment, we show that TET2 loss particularly influences DNA methylation (5mC) and hydroxymethylation (5hmC) patterns at erythroid gene enhancers and is associated with downregulation of erythroid gene expression in the human erythroleukemia cell line TF-1. 5-Aza disproportionately induces expression of these down-regulated genes in TET2KO cells and this effect is related to dynamic 5mC changes at erythroid gene enhancers after 5-Aza exposure. We identified differences in remethylation kinetics after 5-Aza exposure for several types of genomic regulatory elements, with distal enhancers exhibiting longer-lasting 5mC changes than other regions. This work highlights the role of 5mC and 5hmC dynamics at distal enhancers in regulating the expression of differentiation-associated gene signatures, and sheds light on how 5-Aza may be more effective in patients harboring TET2 mutations. IMPLICATIONS: TET2 loss in erythroleukemia cells induces hypermethylation and impaired expression of erythroid differentiation genes which can be specifically counteracted by 5-Azacytidine, providing a potential mechanism for the increased efficacy of 5-Aza in TET2-mutant patients with MDS. VISUAL OVERVIEW: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/19/3/451/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Reilly
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Timothy Luger
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Soo Park
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Chan-Wang Jerry Lio
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California
| | - Edahí González-Avalos
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California
| | - Emily C Wheeler
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Minjung Lee
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Laura Williamson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tiffany Tanaka
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Dinh Diep
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Yun Huang
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anjana Rao
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California
| | - Rafael Bejar
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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4
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Arzumanyan VG, Kiselevskii MV, Ozhovan IM, Svitich OA. Effect of Albumin on Tumor Cells In Vitro. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 170:251-253. [PMID: 33263857 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-05045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study examined the effect of BSA on cultured cells of breast cancer, erythroleukemia, and ovarian carcinoma. BSA cytotoxic activity was examined with light microscopy and spectrophotometry in the concentration range of 6.25 to 50 mg/ml. The high concentrations of BSA disrupted the tumor cells in parallel with formation of vesicular debris. The destruction parameters were similar in diverse types of cells: BSA (50 mg/ml) disrupted 75.5±0.7% breast cancer cells, 75.8±0.2% erythroleukemia cells, and 78.8±0.1% cells of ovarian carcinoma (p≥0.05). The effect of BSA was dose-dependent in each type of cells. The data attest that BSA can disrupt various tumor cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Arzumanyan
- I. I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia.
| | - M V Kiselevskii
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - I M Ozhovan
- I. I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - O A Svitich
- I. I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Ding HM, Chen XJ, Chen HM, Wang CS, Qian GY. Effect of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide on apoptosis and its possible mechanism in human erythroleukemia cells. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:749-759. [PMID: 33039054 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)60015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide (SFPS I, II, and III) on the apoptosis and regulation of human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells. The effect of different doses of SFPS on HEL cell growth was detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 method, and apoptosis was detected by Hoechst staining. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected using flow cytometry. Expression of the cell cycle gene, p53, antiapoptotic genes, Bcl-xL and Bcl-2, and pro-apoptotic genes, Bax, Bad, and Caspase-3, as well as the expression of the corresponding proteins, were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot. The results showed that SFPS II and III decreased HEL cell viability and induced HEL cell apoptosis. Different concentrations of SFPS (I, II, and III) were detected that induced much less toxic effect in normal human embryonic lung (MRC-5) cells, and SFPS I increased cell proliferation, indicating its favorable selectivity towards cancer cells. The mechanism by which SFPS induced apoptosis was also found to be related to the induction of cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and the increased expression of apoptosis-related genes and proteins. We concluded that SFPS induces HEL cell apoptosis, possibly via activation of the Caspase pathway, providing the theoretical basis for the development of SFPS-based anti-tumor drug products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Miao Ding
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Xue-Jia Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Hai-Min Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Cai-Sheng Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Guo-Ying Qian
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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6
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Zhang XH, Wang XY, Zhou ZW, Bai H, Shi L, Yang YX, Zhou SF, Zhang XC. The combination of digoxin and GSK2606414 exerts synergistic anticancer activity against leukemia in vitro and in vivo. Biofactors 2017; 43:812-820. [PMID: 28817203 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Digoxin is a member of cardiac glycosides and recent studies show that digoxin plays anticancer role in several types of cancer. However, the anticancer effects and mechanism of digoxin in leukemia is largely unknown. Her, our data show that digoxin treatment significantly inhibits leukemia cell viability. In addition, digoxin treatment significantly induced apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in leukemia cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that digoxin treatment inactivate that oncogenic pathway Akt/mTOR signaling in leukemia cells. In addition, our data show that digoxin treatment induces activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling in leukemia cells. Interestingly, our in vitro and in vivo experiments show that combination treatment of digoxin and UPR inhibitor can synergistically suppress leukemia growth and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest compared to single drug treatment. In summary, our findings indicate that digoxin has potential anticancer effects on leukemia. The combination of digoxin and UPR signaling inhibitor can exerts synergistic anticancer activity against leukemia. © 2017 BioFactors, 43(6):812-820, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Hong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin-Xue Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiao-Chun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
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7
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Almeida AM, Prebet T, Itzykson R, Ramos F, Al-Ali H, Shammo J, Pinto R, Maurillo L, Wetzel J, Musto P, Van De Loosdrecht AA, Costa MJ, Esteves S, Burgstaller S, Stauder R, Autzinger EM, Lang A, Krippl P, Geissler D, Falantes JF, Pedro C, Bargay J, Deben G, Garrido A, Bonanad S, Diez-Campelo M, Thepot S, Ades L, Sperr WR, Valent P, Fenaux P, Sekeres MA, Greil R, Pleyer L. Clinical Outcomes of 217 Patients with Acute Erythroleukemia According to Treatment Type and Line: A Retrospective Multinational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040837. [PMID: 28420120 PMCID: PMC5412421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute erythroleukemia (AEL) is a rare disease typically associated with a poor prognosis. The median survival ranges between 3-9 months from initial diagnosis. Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) have been shown to prolong survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and AML, but there is limited data of their efficacy in AEL. We collected data from 210 AEL patients treated at 28 international sites. Overall survival (OS) and PFS were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test was used for subgroup comparisons. Survival between treatment groups was compared using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Eighty-eight patients were treated with HMAs, 44 front line, and 122 with intensive chemotherapy (ICT). ICT led to a higher overall response rate (complete or partial) compared to first-line HMA (72% vs. 46.2%, respectively; p ≤ 0.001), but similar progression-free survival (8.0 vs. 9.4 months; p = 0.342). Overall survival was similar for ICT vs. HMAs (10.5 vs. 13.7 months; p = 0.564), but patients with high-risk cytogenetics treated with HMA first-line lived longer (7.5 for ICT vs. 13.3 months; p = 0.039). Our results support the therapeutic value of HMA in AEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio M Almeida
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa (IPOL), 1200-795 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Thomas Prebet
- Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France and Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT 06512, USA.
| | - Raphael Itzykson
- Hopital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris Diderot University, 75010 Paris, France.
| | | | - Haifa Al-Ali
- University Hospital of Halle, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Jamile Shammo
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IN 60612, USA.
| | | | | | - Jaime Wetzel
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- RCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture (Pz), Italy.
| | | | - Maria Joao Costa
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte Hospital Santa Maria, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Susana Esteves
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa (IPOL), 1200-795 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Sonja Burgstaller
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital Wels-Grieskirchen, 4600 Wels, Austria.
| | - Reinhard Stauder
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology and Oncology), Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Eva M Autzinger
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Oncology and Hematology, Wilhelminenspital, 1160 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Alois Lang
- Internal Medicine, Hospital Feldkirch,6800 Feldkirch, Austria.
| | - Peter Krippl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Fürstenfeld, 8280 Fürstenfeld, Austria.
| | - Dietmar Geissler
- Department for Internal Medicine, Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, 9020 Pörtschach am Wörthersee, Austria.
| | | | | | - Joan Bargay
- Hospital Son Llatzer, 07198 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | | | - Ana Garrido
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08026 Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | - Lionel Ades
- Hopital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris Diderot University, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - Wolfgang R Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology and Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology and Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Hopital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris Diderot University, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - Mikkael A Sekeres
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Richard Greil
- 3rd Med. Department, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Arbeitsgemeinschaft Medikamentöse Tumortherapie (AGMT), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Lisa Pleyer
- 3rd Med. Department, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Arbeitsgemeinschaft Medikamentöse Tumortherapie (AGMT), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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Chen M, Wu XD, Zhao Q, Wang CY. Topsensterols A-C, Cytotoxic Polyhydroxylated Sterol Derivatives from a Marine Sponge Topsentia sp. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14080146. [PMID: 27490555 PMCID: PMC4999907 DOI: 10.3390/md14080146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new polyhydroxylated sterol derivatives topsensterols A–C (1–3) have been isolated from a marine sponge Topsentia sp. collected from the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of the spectroscopic data, especially the NOESY spectra. Topsensterols A–C (l–3) possess novel 2β,3α,4β,6α-tetrahydroxy-14α-methyl Δ9(11) steroidal nuclei with unusual side chains. Compound 2 exhibited cytotoxicity against human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 with an IC50 value of 8.0 μM. Compound 3 displayed cytotoxicity against human erythroleukemia cell line K562 with an IC50 value of 6.0 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
- Marine Science & Technology Institute, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196#, Huayang West Street, Yangzhou 225127, China.
| | - Xu-Dong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Qing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Chang-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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9
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Minas TZ, Han J, Javaheri T, Hong SH, Schlederer M, Saygideğer-Kont Y, Çelik H, Mueller KM, Temel I, Özdemirli M, Kovar H, Erkizan HV, Toretsky J, Kenner L, Moriggl R, Üren A. YK-4-279 effectively antagonizes EWS-FLI1 induced leukemia in a transgenic mouse model. Oncotarget 2015; 6:37678-94. [PMID: 26462019 PMCID: PMC4741957 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive tumor of bone and soft tissue affecting predominantly children and young adults. Tumor-specific chromosomal translocations create EWS-FLI1 and similar aberrant ETS fusion proteins that drive sarcoma development in patients. ETS family fusion proteins and over-expressed ETS proteins are also found in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Transgenic expression of EWS-FLI1 in mice promotes high penetrance erythroid leukemia with dense hepatic and splenic infiltrations. We identified a small molecule, YK-4-279, that directly binds to EWS-FLI1 and inhibits its oncogenic activity in Ewing sarcoma cell lines and xenograft mouse models. Herein, we tested in vivo therapeutic efficacy and potential side effects of YK-4-279 in the transgenic mouse model with EWS-FLI1 induced leukemia. A two-week course of treatment with YK-4-279 significantly reduced white blood cell count, nucleated erythroblasts in the peripheral blood, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly of erythroleukemic mice. YK-4-279 inhibited EWS-FLI1 target gene expression in neoplastic cells. Treated animals showed significantly better overall survival compared to control mice that rapidly succumbed to leukemia. YK-4-279 treated mice did not show overt toxicity in liver, spleen, or bone marrow. In conclusion, this in vivo study highlights the efficacy of YK-4-279 to treat EWS-FLI1 expressing neoplasms and support its therapeutic potential for patients with Ewing sarcoma and other ETS-driven malignancies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
- Disease Models, Animal
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/etiology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/administration & dosage
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/antagonists & inhibitors
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/toxicity
- Proto-Oncogene Protein c-fli-1/administration & dosage
- Proto-Oncogene Protein c-fli-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Protein c-fli-1/toxicity
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/administration & dosage
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/toxicity
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Surface Plasmon Resonance
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsion Zewdu Minas
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jenny Han
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Sung-Hyeok Hong
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michaela Schlederer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Haydar Çelik
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kristina M. Mueller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Idil Temel
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Metin Özdemirli
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Heinrich Kovar
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jeffrey Toretsky
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Unit of Pathology of Laboratory Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aykut Üren
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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10
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11
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Wheelock EF, Toy ST, Weislow OS, Levy MH. Restored immune and nonimmune functions in Friend virus leukemic mice treated with statolon. Prog Exp Tumor Res 2015; 19:369-89. [PMID: 4612609 DOI: 10.1159/000395867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral
- Antibody Formation
- Erythrocytes/immunology
- Friend murine leukemia virus/immunology
- Hemolytic Plaque Technique
- Lectins/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/microbiology
- Leukemia, Experimental/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Experimental/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Macrophages/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Phagocytosis
- Poly I-C/therapeutic use
- Polysaccharides/therapeutic use
- Sheep/immunology
- Spleen/immunology
- Virus Replication
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12
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Wang L, Meng Q, Wang C, Liu Q, Peng J, Huo X, Sun H, Ma X, Liu K. Dioscin restores the activity of the anticancer agent adriamycin in multidrug-resistant human leukemia K562/adriamycin cells by down-regulating MDR1 via a mechanism involving NF-κB signaling inhibition. J Nat Prod 2013; 76:909-914. [PMID: 23621869 DOI: 10.1021/np400071c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the ameliorating effect of dioscin (1) on multidrug resistance (MDR) in adriamycin (ADR)-resistant erythroleukemic cells (K562/adriamycin, K562/ADR) and to clarify the molecular mechanisms involved. High levels of multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) mRNA and protein and reduced ADR retention were found in K562/ADR cells compared with parental cells (K562). Dioscin (1), a constituent of plants in the genus Discorea, significantly inhibited MDR1 mRNA and protein expression and MDR1 promoter and nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB) activity in K562/ADR cells. MDR1 mRNA and protein suppression resulted in the subsequent recovery of intracellular drug accumulation. Additionally, inhibitor κB-α (IκB-α) degradation was inhibited by 1. Dioscin (1) reversed ADR-induced MDR by down-regulating MDR1 expression by a mechanism that involves the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings provide evidence to support the further investigation of the clinical application of dioscin (1) as a chemotherapy adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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13
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Okonogi S, Khonkarn R, Mankhetkorn S, Unger FM, Viernstein H. Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of Cyrtosperma johnstonii extracts on drug sensitive and resistant leukemia and small cell lung carcinoma cells. Pharm Biol 2013; 51:329-338. [PMID: 23153173 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.729064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The number of patients with cancer is increasing. New therapeutic agents to overcome drug-resistant tumors are urgently needed. Cyrtosperma johnstonii N.E. Br. (Araceae) is used for treatment of cancer in Thai traditional medicine. This study aimed to evaluate antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of C. johnstonii extracts on human cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dried powder of C. johnstonii rhizomes was extracted with several solvents. The 0.1 mg/ml extract solution was tested for antioxidant activity by 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Color formation from 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide was used to determine cell viability. Standardization of the extract was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array detector at 254 and 360 nm. Cell cycle arrest was evaluated by flow cytometry after 5 min, 12 h and 24 h treated with 20 µg/ml of the acetone extract. RESULTS The acetone extract exhibited the highest phenolic content and antioxidant activity (TEAC and EC values = 19.2 ± 0.14 and 19.2 ± 0.31 mM/mg, respectively). The IC₅₀ values for leukemia ranged from 11 ± 1 to 29 ± 3 µg/ml and from 5 ± 2 to 6 ± 0 µg/ml for small cell lung carcinoma cells. Cell cycle arrest occurred at the G2/M phase followed by apoptosis. HPLC analysis revealed that rutin is the major constituents of the extract. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The acetone extract of C. johnstoni is a promising source of natural antioxidants and anticancer. The extract inhibits cancer cells effectively with less effect on normal cells.
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MESH Headings
- Acetone/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/adverse effects
- Antioxidants/chemistry
- Antioxidants/isolation & purification
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cyrtosperma/chemistry
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Ethnopharmacology
- G2 Phase/drug effects
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Phenols/adverse effects
- Phenols/analysis
- Phenols/pharmacology
- Plant Extracts/adverse effects
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Rhizome/chemistry
- Rutin/adverse effects
- Rutin/analysis
- Rutin/pharmacology
- Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/drug therapy
- Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/metabolism
- Solvents/chemistry
- Thailand
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Okonogi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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14
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Hangai S, Nakamura F, Kamikubo Y, Honda A, Arai S, Nakagawa M, Ichikawa M, Kurokawa M. Erythroleukemia showing early erythroid and cytogenetic responses to azacitidine therapy. Ann Hematol 2012; 92:707-9. [PMID: 23070126 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-012-1603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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16
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Abstract
Telomerase has been proposed as a novel and potentially selective target in cancer therapy. Silymarin, which is a standardized mixture of flavonolignans from the medical plant Silybum marianum, has potent effects against various types of cancer cells, but its effect on telomerase activity in the human leukemia cell line K562 has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the mechanism of silymarin-induced apoptosis in K562 cells, with particular emphasis on its effect on telomerase activity. The antiproliferation effect of silymarin on K562 cells was evaluated by the MTT assay. To measure apoptosis, Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry were used. The telomerase activity was determined using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP)-ELISA assay. The treatment of the K562 cells with silymarin resulted in a significant inhibition of cell growth and telomerase activity. Also, a positive correlation was found between telomerase inhibition and induction of apoptosis in silymarin-treated K562 cells. These results suggest a novel mechanism in the anticancer activity of silymarin in human leukemia K562 cells and may provide a basis for future development of anti-telomerase therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Faezizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Yu Y, Wang L, Fu L, Hu C, Chen L. [TF-1 cell apoptosis-inducing effect of matrine and its effect on SALL4 expression]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2011; 36:2719-2722. [PMID: 22242437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of matrine (Mat) induced human erythroleukemia TF-1 cell apoptosis and its effect on SALL4 expression. METHOD Different concentrations of the Mat (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 g x L(-1) ) were cultured in vitro in TF-1 cells at different time (24, 48, 72 h). Cell proliferation was assayed by MTT. Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry (FCM). Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V and PI double staining method. SALL4 mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcription RT-PCR (RTT-PCR). RESULT Administrated with Mat (0.5-2.0 g x L(-1)) after 24, 48, 72 h, the proliferation of TF-1 cells were inhibited (P < 0.01) , and in dose- and time-dependent manner. Half inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) was 1.0 g L(-1) at 48 h. After 48 h that the Mat acted on TF-1 cells, the proportion of G0/G1 phase cells increased while compared with the control group, and S phase cells decreased (P < 0.01). Apoptosis were 8.6% , 11.21%, 15.26% , 17.63%, which showed statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) compared with the control group (5.05%). RT-PCR results showed the ratio between SALL4 mRNA expression and beta-actin (internal reference) expression significantly decreased (P < 0.01) with Mat dose increased. CONCLUSION In a certain range of concentration and time, Mat can inhibit TFT-1 cells proliferation. The mechanism is to make the cells G0/G1 phase blocked, to inhibit SALL4 gene expression and induce cell apoptosis.
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MESH Headings
- Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/physiopathology
- Quinolizines/pharmacology
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Matrines
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Yu
- Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400010, China.
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18
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Fuchs R, Schraml E, Leitinger G, Letofsky-Papst I, Stelzer I, Haas HS, Schauenstein K, Sadjak A. α1-adrenergic drugs exhibit affinity to a thapsigargin-sensitive binding site and interfere with the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in human erythroleukemia cells. Exp Cell Res 2011; 317:2969-80. [PMID: 21851819 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Even though the erythroleukemia cell lines K562 and HEL do not express α1-adrenoceptors, some α1-adrenergic drugs influence both survival and differentiation of these cell lines. Since Ca2+ is closely related to cellular homeostasis, we examined the capacity of α1-adrenergic drugs to modulate the intracellular Ca2+ content in K562 cells. Because of morphological alterations of mitochondria following α1-adrenergic agonist treatment, we also scrutinized mitochondrial functions. In order to visualize the non-adrenoceptor binding site(s) of α1-adrenergic drugs in erythroleukemia cells, we evaluated the application of the fluorescent α1-adrenergic antagonist BODIPY® FL-Prazosin. We discovered that the α1-adrenergic agonists naphazoline, oxymetazoline and also the α1-adrenergic antagonist benoxathian are able to raise the intracellular Ca2+-content in K562 cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that naphazoline treatment induces ROS-formation as well as an increase in Δψm in K562 cells. Using BODIPY® FL-Prazosin we were able to visualize the non-adrenoceptor binding site(s) of α1-adrenergic drugs in erythroleukemia cells. Interestingly, the SERCA-inhibitor thapsigargin appears to interfere with the binding of BODIPY® FL-Prazosin. Our data suggest that the effects of α1-adrenergic drugs on erythroleukemia cells are mediated by a thapsigargin sensitive binding site, which controls the fate of erythroleukemia cells towards differentiation, senescence and cell death through modulation of intracellular Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Fuchs
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31A, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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19
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Akiyama M, Kawano T, Mikami-Terao Y, Agawa-Ohta M, Yamada O, Ida H, Yamada H. Erythropoietin activates telomerase through transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation in human erythroleukemic JAS-REN-A cells. Leuk Res 2010; 35:416-8. [PMID: 21163530 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the molecular mechanism of telomerase activation by erythropoietin (EPO) in human erythroleukemic JAS-REN-A cells. Telomerase activity increased 3-4 fold after 3-24h of culture with EPO and was associated with increases in c-myc mRNA after 1-3h, of c-Myc protein after 3-6h, and of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA and hTERT protein after 6-24h. Simultaneously EPO induced phosphorylation of signal transducer activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), AKT, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Telomerase activity induced by EPO was significantly inhibited by AG490, PD98059, and LY294002. AG490 downregulated c-myc and hTERT mRNA expression with inhibited STAT5 and AKT phosphorylation. PD98059 also reduced c-myc and hTERT expression and inhibited ERK phosphorylation. However, LY294002 did not inhibit c-myc or hTERT mRNA expression despite inhibiting STAT5 and AKT phosphorylation. These results suggest that EPO activates telomerase in JAS-REN-A cells through dual regulation: hTERT gene transcription by Janus tyrosine kinase 2/STAT5/c-Myc and hTERT protein phosphorylation by phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/AKT.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Western
- Erythropoietin/pharmacology
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Telomerase/genetics
- Telomerase/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Akiyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of DNA Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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20
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Nielsen CH, Balachandran P, Christensen O, Pugh ND, Tamta H, Sufka KJ, Wu X, Walsted A, Schjørring-Thyssen M, Enevold C, Pasco DS. Enhancement of natural killer cell activity in healthy subjects by Immulina®, a Spirulina extract enriched for Braun-type lipoproteins. Planta Med 2010; 76:1802-1808. [PMID: 20560112 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1250043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Immulina®, a commercial extract of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis is a potent activator of THP-1 monocytes and CD4+ T cells IN VITRO and enhances several immunological functions in mice. We further characterized Immulina® by determining that Braun-type lipoproteins are responsible for a major portion of the IN VITRO monocyte activation exhibited by this material. In order to understand the effect of Immulina® on NK cell activity, a pilot study was conducted on ten healthy North American individuals who supplemented their diet with Immulina® (400 mg/day) for seven days. We observed a 40% average increase in the killing of K562 tumor cells by NK cells (p < 0.01) after Immulina® supplementation. In a separate placebo-controlled, crossover study involving 11 healthy Danish subjects, we observed increased mRNA expression of the NK cell marker NKG2D by 37% (p = 0.02) and by 55% (p = 0.0003) after administration of Immulina® (200 mg and 400 mg per day, respectively) for seven days. The mRNA expression of the NK- and T-cell marker perforin increased by 75% (p = 0.008) after administration of 400 mg Immulina® per day. Both markers displayed significant dose-dependent effects (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.02, respectively). The ratio between CD56 (bright) and CD56 (dim) NK cells was not affected by Immulina® administration. In summary, two independent studies showed enhancement of NK cell activity following administration of Immulina® for seven days.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cross-Over Studies
- Dietary Supplements
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Lipoproteins/pharmacology
- Lipoproteins/therapeutic use
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Male
- Middle Aged
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K/genetics
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K/metabolism
- Perforin/genetics
- Perforin/metabolism
- Phytotherapy
- Pilot Projects
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reference Values
- Spirulina/chemistry
- T-Lymphocytes
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Henrik Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Rigshospitalet National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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21
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Okuhashi Y, Itoh M, Arai A, Nara N, Tohda S. Gamma-secretase inhibitors induce erythroid differentiation in erythroid leukemia cell lines. Anticancer Res 2010; 30:4071-4074. [PMID: 21036721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Notch signaling regulates the fate of hematopoietic stem cells and leukemia cells. However, the role of Notch in erythroid differentiation remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the effects of three γ-secretase inhibitors (GSI-IX, GSI-XII and GSI-XXI) that inhibit Notch signaling on the in vitro growth and differentiation of HEL and AA erythroid leukemia cell lines. RESULTS GSI treatment induced morphologic erythroid differentiation and promoted hemoglobin production. GSI treatment suppressed short-term growth and colony formation, while treatment with GSI-XXI promoted the growth of AA cells. The degree of differentiation induced by each GSI roughly correlated with the reduction in HES1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION GSIs have potential uses in differentiation induction therapy for erythroid leukemia in the future. Before clinical use, in vitro sensitivity tests should be performed because the effects of GSIs are diverse depending upon the combination of leukemia cells and GSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Okuhashi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Zandi K, Ahmadzadeh S, Tajbakhsh S, Rastian Z, Yousefi F, Farshadpour F, Sartavi K. Anticancer activity of Sargassum oligocystum water extract against human cancer cell lines. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2010; 14:669-73. [PMID: 20707286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Antitumor drug resistance and side effects of antitumor compounds are the most common problems in medicine. Therefore, finding new antitumor agents with low side effects could be interesting. This study was designed to assay antitumor activity of the extract from brown alga Sargassum oligocystum, gathered from Persian Gulf seashore, against K562 and Daudi human cancer cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research was performed as an in vitro study. The effect of the alga extract on proliferation of cell lines were measured by two methods: MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The most effective antitumor activity has been shown at concentrations 500 microg/ml and 400 microg/ml of the alga extract against Daudi and K562 cell lines, respectively. The results showed that the extracts of brown alga Sargassum oligocystum have remarkable antitumor activity against K562 and Daudi cell lines. It is justified to be suggested for further research such as algal extract fractionation and purification and in vivo studies in order to formulate natural compounds with antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Zandi
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
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23
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Keriel A, Mahuteau-Betzer F, Jacquet C, Plays M, Grierson D, Sitbon M, Tazi J. Protection against retrovirus pathogenesis by SR protein inhibitors. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4533. [PMID: 19225570 PMCID: PMC2640060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole derivatives compounds (IDC) are a new class of splicing inhibitors that have a selective action on exonic splicing enhancers (ESE)-dependent activity of individual serine-arginine-rich (SR) proteins. Some of these molecules have been shown to compromise assembly of HIV infectious particles in cell cultures by interfering with the activity of the SR protein SF2/ASF and by subsequently suppressing production of splicing-dependent retroviral accessory proteins. For all replication-competent retroviruses, a limiting requirement for infection and pathogenesis is the expression of the envelope glycoprotein which strictly depends on the host splicing machinery. Here, we have evaluated the efficiency of IDC on an animal model of retroviral pathogenesis using a fully replication-competent retrovirus. In this model, all newborn mice infected with a fully replicative murine leukemia virus (MLV) develop erythroleukemia within 6 to 8 weeks of age. We tested several IDC for their ability to interfere ex vivo with MLV splicing and virus spreading as well as for their protective effect in vivo. We show here that two of these IDC, IDC13 and IDC78, selectively altered splicing-dependent production of the retroviral envelope gene, thus inhibiting early viral replication in vivo, sufficiently to protect mice from MLV-induced pathogenesis. The apparent specificity and clinical safety observed here for both IDC13 and IDC78 strongly support further assessment of inhibitors of SR protein splicing factors as a new class of antiretroviral therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Keriel
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
| | - Florence Mahuteau-Betzer
- Laboratoire de Pharmaco-chimie, CNRS-Institut Curie, UMR 176 Bat 110 Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
| | - Chantal Jacquet
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Plays
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
| | - David Grierson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marc Sitbon
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (MS); (JT)
| | - Jamal Tazi
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (MS); (JT)
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Abstract
A 53-year-old man was admitted with pancytopenia, fever and splenomegaly. Biochemistry showed increased ferritin levels. Bone marrow examination revealed increased erythrocytic precursors (94.9%) and active hemophagocytosis. Pure erythroid leukemia with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) was diagnosed. Induction chemotherapy comprising idarubicin and cytarabine was administered and steroid pulse therapy was added. Complete remission was attained, and HPS also improved. However, leukemia relapsed during chemotherapy and the patient died. This is the first report of pure erythroid leukemia complicated with HPS.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Cytarabine/therapeutic use
- Fatal Outcome
- Humans
- Idarubicin/therapeutic use
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/complications
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/drug therapy
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/etiology
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/pathology
- Male
- Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use
- Middle Aged
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Kitagawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kisogawa Municipal Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan
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Miller SC, Delorme D, Shan JJ. CVT-E002 stimulates the immune system and extends the life span of mice bearing a tumor of viral origin. J Soc Integr Oncol 2009; 7:127-136. [PMID: 19883528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the dose-related effects of CVT-E002, a proprietary extract of Panax quinquefolius (CV Technologies Inc., Edmonton, AB), in the treatment of a tumor of viral origin, that is, erythroleukemia, in mice. Three treatments including ingestion of 2, 40, and 120 mg/d were compared. The study revealed that the dose of 40 mg/d was particularly effective in stimulating cells mediating nonspecific immunity and extending the life span of tumor-bearing mice. This study represents the first in vivo demonstration of the anticancer efficacy of CVT-E002 in an animal model. CVT-E002 treatment significantly elevated the absolute numbers of natural killer cells and monocytes and reduced the number of tumor cells in the bone marrow and spleen. This study has shown that (1) approximately 30 to 50% of tumor-bearing mice administered CVT-E002 at a dose of 40 mg/d achieved a significantly extended life span, and (2) dosage is critical in producing these ameliorative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra C Miller
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC.
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26
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Ko SB, Bae HJ, Park SH. Multiple punctate intracerebral hemorrhages in acute leukemia with Escherichia coli sepsis. Arch Neurol 2008; 65:1128-1129. [PMID: 18695068 DOI: 10.1001/archneur.65.8.1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Bae Ko
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Kyungki-do, Korea.
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27
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Harikumar KB, Kuttan G, Kuttan R. Inhibition of progression of erythroleukemia induced by Friend virus in BALB/c mice by natural products--berberine, curcumin and picroliv. J Exp Ther Oncol 2008; 7:275-284. [PMID: 19227007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The infection with Friend murine leukemia virus (FMuLv) is being used as a retrovirus infection model for searching the potential anti-viral medicinal preparations or establishing new treatment strategies. In the present study we have evaluated the inhibitory effect of three non-toxic antiviral natural compounds namely berberine, curcumin or picroliv against FMuLv induced erythroleukemia in BALB/c mice. To understand the effect of these compounds in the initiation and progression of leukemia we did a series of analysis, which include hematological and biochemical parameters, histopathological evaluations of the liver and the spleen and expression analysis of selected genes such as Bcl-2, p53, p45NFE2, Raf-1, Erk-1, IFNgamma receptor and erythropoietin in spleen. The treatment with berberine, curcumin or picroliv were found to (a) elevate the life span of leukemia harboring animals by more than 60 days; (b) decreased the anemic condition which was highly prevalent in FMuLv alone treated group; (c) histopathological evaluations showed that the compounds tested here inhibited the massive leukemic cell infiltrations to sinusoidal spaces in spleen; (d) decrease the expression of Bcl-2, Raf-1, Erk-1 IFNgamma receptor and erythropoietin; (e) induce the expression of p53. Overall, our results suggest that berberine, curcumin and picroliv were able to suppress the progression of leukemia induced by FMuLv and further support their chemopreventive potential against virally induced cancers.
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Petrak J, Myslivcova D, Man P, Cmejlova J, Cmejla R, Vyoral D. Proteomic analysis of erythroid differentiation induced by hexamethylene bisacetamide in murine erythroleukemia cells. Exp Hematol 2007; 35:193-202. [PMID: 17258068 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2006] [Revised: 08/25/2006] [Accepted: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells are transformed erythroid precursors that are arrested in an immature and proliferating state. These leukemic cells can be grown in cell cultures and induced to terminal erythroid differentiation by a treatment with a specific chemical inducer such as N,N'-hexamethylene bisacetamide. MEL cells then re-enter their original erythroid program and differentiate along the erythroid pathway into non-dividing hemoglobin-rich cells resembling orthochromatophilic normoblasts. To deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying and erythroid differentiation and leukemia we monitored changes in protein expression in differentiating MEL cells. METHODS In our effort to find new candidate proteins involved in the differentiation of MEL cells, we embraced a proteomic approach. Employing two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry, we compared protein expression in non-induced MEL cells with MEL cells exposed to N,N'-hexamethylene bisacetamide for 48 h. RESULTS From 700 proteins spots observed, 31 proteins were differentially expressed. We successfully identified 27 of the differentially expressed molecules by mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). CONCLUSION In addition to proteins involved in heme biosynthesis, protein metabolism, stress defense and cytoskeletal organization, we identified 3 proteins engaged in regulation of cellular trafficking and 7 proteins important for regulation of gene expression and cell cycle progression including 3 components of chromatin remodeling complexes. Many of the identified molecules are associated with erythroid differentiation or leukemia for the first time. To our knowledge, this is the first study applying a modern proteomic approach to the direct analysis of erythroid differentiation of leukemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Petrak
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.
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29
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Schuster C, Fernbach N, Rix U, Superti-Furga G, Holy M, Freissmuth M, Sitte HH, Sexl V. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors—A new modality for the treatment of lymphoma/leukaemia? Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 74:1424-35. [PMID: 17709099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2007] [Revised: 07/16/2007] [Accepted: 07/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have recently been reported to specifically kill malignant cells of B-lymphoid origin, i.e., cells derived from Burkitt lymphoma. Accordingly, SSRIs have been proposed as lead compounds in the development of new approaches to the treatment of lymphoma/leukaemia. Here we attempted to dissect the underlying signaling pathways by comparing susceptible and resistant cell lines. However, we found that all cell lines investigated underwent apoptotic cell death when exposed to SSRI concentrations exceeding 10 microM regardless of whether the cell lines were derived from B- (e.g., Namalwa, Ramos, Daudi, RL7), T-lymphoid tumors (e.g., Molt-4, Jurkat, CCRF-CEM) or other sources. The structure-activity relationship readily distinguished the pro-apoptotic and growth inhibitory effect of SSRIs from their eponymous action (blockage of the serotonin transporter): acetylation of the SSRIs fluvoxamine and paroxetine abrogated the ability of these compounds to inhibit 5HT-uptake, but did not impair their cytotoxic action. Based on these data we conclude that (i) SSRIs inhibit growth of transformed cells, but that (ii) this effect is neither specific for malignant cells nor specific for any particular cellular subset. (iii) The pro-apoptotic effect of SSRIs (at microM concentrations) is unrelated to their principal pharmacological action, i.e., inhibition of serotonin uptake (at nM concentrations). SSRIs or improved versions thereof are therefore unlikely to represent useful lead compounds for inducing apoptosis in B-cell derived tumors: the underlying mechanism is not confined to any specific cell lineage.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/chemically induced
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Mice
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Serotonin/metabolism
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/metabolism
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Thymidine/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Biomolecular Medicine and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 13a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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30
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Wang R, Li C, Song D, Zhao G, Zhao L, Jing Y. Ethacrynic acid butyl-ester induces apoptosis in leukemia cells through a hydrogen peroxide mediated pathway independent of glutathione S-transferase P1-1 inhibition. Cancer Res 2007; 67:7856-64. [PMID: 17699792 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ethacrynic acid (EA), a glutathione S-transferase inhibitor and diuretic agent, inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. To improve the activities, the structure of EA has been modified, and it has been shown that EA esters had an increased cell growth inhibitory ability compared with nonesterified analogue. EA butyl-ester (EABE) was synthesized, and its apoptosis induction ability was studied. The efficacy of EABE was compared with that of EA, and the mechanisms of action were studied in HL-60 leukemia cells. EABE exhibited greater cell growth inhibitory and apoptosis induction abilities than did EA. EABE-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells correlated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species, the death receptor 5 (DR5), and caspase activation and decreased levels of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Pretreatment with antioxidants, either N-acetylcysteine or catalase, completely blocked EABE-induced apoptosis, H2O2 accumulation, and up-regulation of DR5 levels. RG19, a subclone of Raji cells stably transfected with a GSTpi expression vector, and K562 cells with high endogenous GSTP1-1 activity were less sensitive to EABE-induced apoptosis. EABE was more rapidly taken up than EA by HL-60 cells as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measurements of intracellular concentrations. These results suggest that (a) H2O2 production is a mediator of EABE and EA-induced apoptosis; (b) GSTP1-1 plays a negative role in EABE and EA-induced apoptosis; and (c) the activity of EABE is greater than EA due to its more rapid entry into cells.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylcysteine/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Caspases/metabolism
- Catalase/pharmacology
- Cell Growth Processes/drug effects
- Ethacrynic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- Ethacrynic Acid/pharmacokinetics
- Ethacrynic Acid/pharmacology
- Glutathione S-Transferase pi/antagonists & inhibitors
- Glutathione S-Transferase pi/metabolism
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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31
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Mishra KP, Padwad YS, Dutta A, Ganju L, Sairam M, Banerjee PK, Sawhney RC. Aqueous extract of Rhodiola imbricata rhizome inhibits proliferation of an erythroleukemic cell line K-562 by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Immunobiology 2007; 213:125-31. [PMID: 18241696 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2007.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2006] [Revised: 07/05/2007] [Accepted: 07/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rhodiola imbricata is a medicinal plant having immunostimulating properties. The anti-proliferative effects of Rhodiola aqueous extract (RAE), were studied in human erythroleukemic cell line K-562 using MTT cell proliferation assay. The proliferation of K-562 was significantly decreased after 72h incubation with RAE at 100 and 200microg/ml. However, almost no suppressive effects could be detected in normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes or mouse macrophage cell line RAW-264.7. RAE was also found to induce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in K-562 cells at 200microg/ml when incubated overnight. The increased ROS generation may cause apoptosis, which was observed in AnnexinV-FITC and propidium iodide (PI) staining of cells treated with RAE for 72h in K-562 cells. Moreover, RAE arrested cell cycle progression in G2/M phase in early and late period of exposure. The anti-cancer activity of RAE was also confirmed by increased NK cell cytotoxicity. These observations suggest that aqueous extract of R. imbricata rhizome has very potent anti-cancer activities, which might be useful in leukemia cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Mishra
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi-110054, India
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Ivanova V, Kolarova M, Aleksieva K, Dornberger KJ, Haertl A, Moellmann U, Dahse HM, Chipev N. Sanionins: Anti‐Inflammatory and Antibacterial Agents with Weak Cytotoxicity from the Antarctic MossSanionia georgico‐uncinata. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2007; 37:343-52. [PMID: 17849289 DOI: 10.1080/10826060701593241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sanionins A (1) and B (2) were isolated from the moss Sanionia georgico-uncinata, collected on the Antarctic Livingston Island. The compounds 1 and 2 were purified by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, and preparative HPLC, consecutively. The structures of the both compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectrometric investigations. These compounds showed activity against important Gram-positive pathogens, such as mycobacteria, multiresistant staphylococci, and vancomycin resistant enterococci. This activity is combined with antiinflammatoric activity and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veneta Ivanova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Kumarappan CT, Mandal SC. Antitumor activity of polyphenolic extract of Ichnocarpus frutescens. Exp Oncol 2007; 29:94-101. [PMID: 17704739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Phytochemical and dietary antioxidants are known to decrease the risk of many diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. In this study polyphenolic extract (PPE) of leaves of Ichnocarpus frutescens was evaluated for antitumor activity in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model was used to assess PPE antitumor activity in vivo. PPE cytotoxicity was determined in vitro in U-937 monocytoid leukemia and K-562 erythroleukemia cell lines. PPE also have been assessed for the free radical scavenging activity against superoxide and nitric oxide radicals. Acute oral toxicity was performed by acute toxic classic method. The total phenolics content was quantified by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. RESULTS Results of in vivo study showed a significant decrease in tumor volume, viable tumor cell count and a significant increase of life span in the PPE treated group compared to untreated one: the life span of PPE treated animals increased by 53.41% (50 mg PPE/kg) and 73.95% (100 mg PPE/kg). PPE (5, 10 and 20 microg/mL) effectively inhibits in vitro proliferation of U-937 and K-562 cell lines. PPE exhibited pronounced radical scavenging activity with an inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) value of 167.46 microg/mL and 158.52 microg/mL against superoxide and nitric oxide radicals, respectively. CONCLUSION PPE of Ichnocarpus frutescens possesses strong free radical scavenging activity and anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Body Weight/drug effects
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy
- Cell Count
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Flavonoids/chemistry
- Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Male
- Mice
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Nitric Oxide/chemistry
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Phenols/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
- Plant Leaves/chemistry
- Polyphenols
- Solvents/chemistry
- Superoxides/metabolism
- Survival Rate
- Toxicity Tests, Acute
- Transplantation, Homologous
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- U937 Cells
- alpha-Tocopherol/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Kumarappan
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Wang D, Ke XY, Wang J, Xu F, Hu YF. [Correlation between MDR1 genetic polymorphism and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2007; 87:1384-8. [PMID: 17785057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the correlation of the multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T with the outcome of induction chemotherapy in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS A total of 44 AML patients were enrolled in this study. Genotype of MDR1 C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T were analyzed with PCR/PFLP assay. Bone marrow smear was made at the end of the first induction chemotherapy to estimate whether complete remission (CR) has been achieved with the clinical characteristics. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the MDR1 C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T were tested using a chi(2) analysis. Frequencies of genotype and allele in MDR1 C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T were compared using a chi(2) test or Fisher's test in terms of the clinical characteristics or achievement of CR. RESULTS There were significant differences among ethnicities in exon 12, 21, 26, but which were not between healthy chinese volunteers and AML patients. The CR rate of the group with the number of white blood cells (WBC) < 10 x 10(9)/L were significantly higher than that of the group with WBC > 10 x 10(9)/L (chi(2) = 7.207, P = 0.007). There was no correlation between the MDR1 C1236T and C3435T and CR rate (P = 0.349, P = 0.074), but MDR1 G2677T/A genetic polymorphisms were strong associated with the probability of CR (chi(2) = 6.214, P = 0.045). In addition, the CR was lower in G/G genotype at -2677 than non G/G genotype (chi(2) = 6.142, P = 0.013), and was lower in C/T genotype at -3435 than non C/T genotype (chi(2) = 3.991, P = 0.046), even lower than T/T genotype (chi(2) = 5.134, P = 0.023). CONCLUSION With important prognostic significance, MDR1 genetic polymorphisms, such as G2677T/A can predict whether complete remission can be achieved after the first course of induction chemotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- Acute Disease
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Base Sequence
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Female
- Gene Frequency
- Genotype
- Humans
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Prognosis
- Remission Induction
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology Center of Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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Shen HW, Chen YL, Chern CY, Kan WM. The effect of prostacyclin agonists on the differentiation of phorbol ester treated human erythroleukemia cells. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2007; 83:231-6. [PMID: 17481561 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2007.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) induces megakaryocytopoeisis in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells which is characterized by the increase in cell size, increase in nuclear polyploidization and expression of megakaryocyte marker, CD41. However, upon treatment with 100 nM of selective prostacyclin (IP) agonist beraprost inhibits the induced differentiation. Moreover, selective non-prostanoid IP agonist, BMY 45778 prevents PMA induced megakaryocytopoeisis in HEL cells similarly, while prostaglandin E(2) and specific EP(3) agonist sulprostone have no effect. Thus, IP receptor is involved. Furthermore, adenylate cyclase activator forskolin and cAMP analog dibutyryl-cAMP also prevented PMA induced megakaryocytopoeisis in HEL cells. Thus, IP agonists inhibition of PMA induced megakaryocytopoeisis in HEL cells may involve a cAMP dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Wei Shen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott A S Haught
- Fresno, Calif. From the Departments of Pediatric Plastic Surgery and Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital Central California, University of California, San Francisco, Fresno
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Pompetti F, Spadano A, Sau A, Mennucci A, Russo R, Catinella V, Franchi PG, Calabrese G, Palka G, Fioritoni G, Iacone A. Long-term remission in BCR/ABL-positive AML-M6 patient treated with Imatinib Mesylate. Leuk Res 2007; 31:563-7. [PMID: 16916543 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2006.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2006] [Revised: 05/20/2006] [Accepted: 05/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BCR/ABL-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rare disease, characterized by a poor prognosis, with resistance to induction chemotherapy and frequent relapses in responsive patients. Here we report a case of BCR/ABL-positive AML-M6 who, after relapse, was treated with Imatinib Mesylate (600 mg/die) and within 4 months achieved a cytogenetic and molecular complete response. After more than 4 years of continuous Imatinib therapy, nested RT-PCR for BCR/ABL is persistently negative. The case reported shows that the response obtained with Imatinib Mesylate in BCR/ABL-positive AML may be long lasting, offering a chance of successful treatment for this poor prognosis group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Pompetti
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Transfusional Medicine, Ospedale Civile Spirito Santo, Pescara-Italy
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Salman H, Bergman M, Djaldetti M, Bessler H. Lycopene affects proliferation and apoptosis of four malignant cell lines. Biomed Pharmacother 2007; 61:366-9. [PMID: 17448625 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2007.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effect of lycopene from tomatoes on a variety of chronic diseases and particularly its association with decreased incidence of prostate and breast cancer seems to be well established. The aim of the study was to examine its anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect on other malignant cell lines. Cells of the following lines were incubated with 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0microM of lycopene: human colon carcinoma (HuCC), B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (EHEB), human erythroleukemia (K562) and Raji, a prototype of Burkitt lymphoma cell line. The results showed that lycopene exerted a significant dose-dependent effect on the proliferation capacity of K562, Raji and HuCC lines, whereas this effect was observed in EHEB cells only with the highest dose used in the study. Increased apoptotic rate was found after incubation of HuCC cells with 2.0 and 4.0microM of lycopene and in Raji cells following incubation with 2.0microM. The findings point out that the anti-proliferative effect of lycopene on tumor cells and its effect on the apoptotic rate depends on its dosage and on the type of the malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Salman
- Department of Medicine C, Rabin Medical Center-Golda Campus (Hasharon), Petah-Tiqva, and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
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Podar K, Raab MS, Tonon G, Sattler M, Barilà D, Zhang J, Tai YT, Yasui H, Raje N, DePinho RA, Hideshima T, Chauhan D, Anderson KC. Up-regulation of c-Jun inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis via caspase-triggered c-Abl cleavage in human multiple myeloma. Cancer Res 2007; 67:1680-8. [PMID: 17308109 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here we show the antimyeloma cytotoxicity of adaphostin and carried out expression profiling of adaphostin-treated multiple myeloma (MM) cells to identify its molecular targets. Surprisingly, c-Jun was the most up-regulated gene even at the earliest point of analysis (2 h). We also observed adaphostin-induced c-Abl cleavage in immunoblot analysis. Proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, but not melphalan or dexamethasone, induced similar effects, indicating unique agent-dependent mechanisms. Using caspase inhibitors, as well as caspase-resistant mutants of c-Abl (TM-c-Abl and D565A-Abl), we then showed that c-Abl cleavage in MM cells requires caspase activity. Importantly, both overexpression of the c-Abl fragment or c-Jun and knockdown of c-Abl and c-Jun expression by small interfering RNA confirmed that adaphostin-induced c-Jun up-regulation triggers downstream caspase-mediated c-Abl cleavage, inhibition of MM cell growth, and induction of apoptosis. Finally, our data suggest that this mechanism may not only be restricted to MM but may also be important in a broad range of malignancies including erythroleukemia and solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Podar
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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40
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Abstract
Deregulation of signaling pathways is a common feature observed in human cancers and other diseases. Therefore, there is a strong need for compounds that are able to modulate or inactivate upregulated signaling events. Natural compounds extracted from plants have long been used and still present a dynamic domain in the research of new therapeutic tools. Among those molecules, curcumin was already described for its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic properties. Many actions of curcumin target proteins and kinases implicated in the signaling pathways. However, the effects described depend on the treatment conditions used, as well as the cell line studied, and these features vary strongly from one study to the other. During this work, we evaluated the effect of one curcumin treatment (20 muM, 48 h) on the phosphorylation of a number of proteins and kinases in the human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562. These results allow to compare the results obtained in one condition on various proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Blasius
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, Rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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41
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Kurosu T, Tsuji K, Kida A, Koyama T, Yamamoto M, Miura O. Rottlerin synergistically enhances imatinib-induced apoptosis of BCR/ABL-expressing cells through its mitochondrial uncoupling effect independent of protein kinase C-δ. Oncogene 2006; 26:2975-87. [PMID: 17130834 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Although the BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib is highly effective for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia-chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), relapse with emerging imatinib-resistance mutations in the BCR/ABL kinase domain poses a significant problem. Here, we demonstrate that rottlerin, a putative protein kinase C-delta (PKCdelta)-specific inhibitor, acts synergistically with imatinib to induce apoptosis of BCR/ABL-expressing K562 and Ton.B210 cells. However, rottlerin inhibited neither PKCdelta nor BCR/ABL in these cells. On the other hand, rottlerin, previously characterized also as a mitochondrial uncoupler, transiently but significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and gradually induced mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. Moreover, two other mitochondrial uncouplers, FCCP and DNP, very similarly induced apoptosis of BCR/ABL-expressing cells in a synergistic manner with imatinib. Imatinib synergistically enhanced mitochondrial membrane permeabilization induced by mitochondrial uncouplers, which led to release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm and activation of caspases-3 and -9. Rottlerin also enhanced the cytotoxic effect of imatinib in leukemic cells from patients with CML blast crisis and Ph-positive ALL or a cell line expressing the imatinib-resistant E255K BCR/ABL mutant. The present study indicates that rottlerin synergistically enhances imatinib-induced apoptosis through its mitochondrial uncoupling effect independent of PKCdelta and may contribute to the development of new treatment strategy to overcome the imatinib resistance and to cure the BCR/ABL expressing leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kurosu
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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42
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Bennett CL, Evens AM, Andritsos LA, Balasubramanian L, Mai M, Fisher MJ, Kuzel TM, Angelotta C, McKoy JM, Vose JM, Bierman PJ, Kuter DJ, Trifilio SM, Devine SM, Tallman MS. Haematological malignancies developing in previously healthy individuals who received haematopoietic growth factors: report from the Research on Adverse Drug Events and Reports (RADAR) project. Br J Haematol 2006; 135:642-50. [PMID: 17054431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pegylated recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor (PEG-rHuMGDF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) promote haematopoietic progenitor cell maturation. We reviewed the findings for healthy volunteers/donors who developed haematological malignancies following PEG-rHuMGDF or G-CSF administration. Information was reviewed for three of 538 volunteers who received PEG-rHuMGDF in clinical trials and two of 200 donors who underwent G-CSF mobilised stem cell harvesting procedures for sibling stem cell transplants. Mantle cell, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia were diagnosed 1-5 years after PEG-rHuMGDF exposure among three volunteers. For one patient, thrombocytopenia due to autoantibodies to PEG-rHuMGDF developed shortly after PEG-rHuMGDF administration and persisted until chemotherapy was administered. All three achieved complete remission, although one patient relapsed. Acute myeloid leukaemia was diagnosed 4 and 5 years after G-CSF mobilisation in two donors who underwent peripheral blood stem cell donation for sibling allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Following intensive chemotherapy, one died from acute leukaemia and the second is in complete remission. Controversy exists over the appropriateness of administering haematopoietic growth factors to healthy individuals. While a causal relationship with haematological malignancies cannot be demonstrated, long-term follow-up among healthy individuals who receive haematopoietic growth factors is needed.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Female
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/adverse effects
- Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Hematologic Neoplasms/etiology
- Hematologic Neoplasms/genetics
- Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors/adverse effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/etiology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/etiology
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/etiology
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/etiology
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/etiology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
- Polyethylene Glycols/adverse effects
- Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects
- Thrombopoietin/adverse effects
- Thrombopoietin/immunology
- Tissue Donors
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles L Bennett
- VA Midwest Center for Health Services and Policy Research, the Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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43
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Lampronti I, Saab AM, Gambari R. Antiproliferative activity of essential oils derived from plants belonging to the Magnoliophyta division. Int J Oncol 2006; 29:989-95. [PMID: 16964395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential oils obtained from different officinal plants of Lebanon, belonging to the Magnoliophyta division, have been tested for their antiproliferative activity on human erythroleukemic K562 cells. Satureja montana showed the most interesting biological activity in inhibiting the cell growth and inducing erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. The essential oil of Satureja montana was therefore analyzed using a GC/MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) system in order to identify the major constituents and compare them with analysis performed on Satureja hortensis. We demonstrated that the essential oil composition varied with the species, the major constituent of Satureja hortensis being carvacrol (50.61%) and that of Satureja montana being alpha-terpineol (12.66%). In order to identify molecules possibly responsible for the biological activity, commercially available derivatives have been assayed on the K562 cell line. Satureja montana essential oil displayed different natural derivatives characterized by higher activity than those present in Satureja hortensis. The common active principles are alpha-pinene, gamma-terpinene, 4-terpineol, alpha-terpineol, tau-cadinene, tau-cadinol and caryophyllene. Both caryophyllene and alpha-terpineol showed important antiproliferative effects on K562 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Lampronti
- ER-GenTech, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Section of Molecular Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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44
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Abstract
Cerebral aspergillosis is associated with very high mortality in immunocompromised hosts. Conventional antifungal agents like amphotericin-B and itraconazole are almost ineffective in cerebral aspergillosis. Newer azoles have been shown to penetrate the blood, cerebrospinal fluid barrier and achieve effective fungicidal concentrations. These newer azoles may change the outlook of this fatal condition. We report here a patient with cerebral aspergillosis who was successfully treated with voriconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wandroo
- Department of Haematology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospital, Lyndon Road, West Bromwich, West Midlands B714HJ, UK.
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45
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Leger DY, Liagre B, Beneytout JL. Low dose leflunomide activates PI3K/Akt signalling in erythroleukemia cells and reduces apoptosis induced by anticancer agents. Apoptosis 2006; 11:1747-60. [PMID: 16927021 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-006-9439-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by persistent joint synovial tissue inflammation. Leflunomide is an immunomodulatory agent that has been approved for treatment of active RA. In the past few years, uses other than RA treatment have appeared. Leflunomide has been reported to show antitumor potential through inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. We thus tested the antiproliferative potential of leflunomide on HEL and K562 erythroleukemia cells. The findings summarized in this report demonstrate for the first time that low dose leflunomide prolonged survival and reduced apoptosis induced by several anticancer agents in erythroleukemia cells. We showed that in treated cells, leflunomide reduced the signalling pathways involved in promoting apoptosis by reducing p38 MAPK and JNK basal activity. On the other hand, leflunomide transiently activated the ERK signalling pathway and induced a sustained activation of Akt. We also showed that leflunomide reduced caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation induced by anticancer agents. By using an inhibitory strategy, we showed that inhibition of Akt activation but not ERK abolished the protective effect of leflunomide. Thus our findings suggested that leflunomide reduced apoptosis induced by anticancer agents through PI3K/Akt signalling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Leger
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, UPRES EA 4021, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
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46
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Abstract
PURPOSE Erythropoietin (EPO) therapy is widely used for the prevention and treatment of anemia resulting from cancer chemotherapy. Native EPO regulates erythropoiesis, at least in part, by protecting erythroid progenitor cells from apoptotic cell death. The recent discovery of the EPO receptor (EPOR) on cancer cells raises the concern that EPO therapy might stimulate tumor growth and/or protect cancer cells from drug-induced apoptosis. Therefore, the capacity of EPO to interfere with the effects of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs on proliferation, apoptosis, and the induction of senescence was investigated in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 breast tumor cells, which express the EPOR as well as in F-MEL erythroleukemia cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Breast cancer cells and F-MEL leukemic cells were cultured in the presence or absence of EPO and then exposed to antitumor drugs. Cell proliferation was assessed by a standard 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide dye reduction assay 72 hours after drug exposure. Cytotoxicity was monitored by clonogenic survival. Apoptosis was evaluated either by the terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated nick-end labeling assay or fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, and senescence was monitored by beta-galactosidase staining. EPO signaling was assessed by monitoring the phosphorylation/activation of specific signaling proteins. RESULTS EPO failed to stimulate the proliferation of MCF-7 or MDA-MB231 breast tumor cells or F-MEL leukemic cells. EPO treatment also failed to interfere with the antiproliferative and/or cytotoxic effects of Adriamycin, Taxol, and tamoxifen in breast tumor cells (or of cytarabine and daunorubicin in F-MEL cells). EPO failed to prevent apoptosis induced by Taxol or senescence induced by Adriamycin in MCF-7 cells. EPO stimulated the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-Jun-NH(2)-kinase in MCF-7 cells but did not activate Akt or signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5). EPO failed to activate any of these signaling pathways in MDA-MB231 cells. Cytarabine and daunorubicin interfered with EPO signaling in F-MEL cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that EPO is unlikely to directly counteract the effectiveness of cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. This may be a consequence of either ineffective signaling through the EPOR or drug-mediated suppression of EPO signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Antagonism
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Erythropoietin/pharmacology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Paclitaxel/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Tamoxifen/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
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47
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Fadilah SAW, Raja-Zahratul-Azma RS, Leong CF. Extensive myelofibrosis responsive to treatment for acute erythroblastic leukaemia. Malays J Pathol 2006; 28:55-8. [PMID: 17694960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Intense myelofibrosis is rarely associated with de novo acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) except in acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (AML-M7) where there is diffuse marrow fibrosis as a consequence of proliferation of neoplastic myeloid cells. AML associated with significant myelofibrosis developing both de novo or secondary to primary (idiopathic) myelofibrosis is characterised by a fulminant course and extremely poor prognosis, primarily due to treatment-resistant disease. The prognostic value of degree of marrow fibrosis in de novo AML has been poorly investigated. We describe a case of extensive myelofibrosis associated with acute erythroblastic leukaemia (AML-M6) that responded to induction therapy of the leukaemia.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cytarabine/therapeutic use
- Daunorubicin/therapeutic use
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/complications
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/complications
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
- Primary Myelofibrosis/complications
- Primary Myelofibrosis/drug therapy
- Primary Myelofibrosis/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Abdul-Wahid Fadilah
- Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
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48
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Abstract
Human myeloid leukemia cells become resistant to doxorubicin (DOX) treatment and this resistance is correlated with an increased glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) expression. Troglitazone (TRG) is an anti-diabetic thiazolidinedione drug previously used to treat insulin-resistance in Type 2 diabetes. We previously showed that TRG down regulates GLO1 gene expression in a number of cell types and reasoned that TRG might be a useful adjunct therapy to overcome DOX resistance. Here we show that TRG treatment overcomes the resistance to DOX in the DOX-resistant K562 human leukemia cells. Higher doses of TRG were found to alter histone H3:H2B ratios with a decreased ratio in DOX-sensitive and increased ratio in DOX-resistant lines. Furthermore, phosphorylated H3 was seen in DOX-resistant but not in DOX-sensitive cells. We conclude that the downstream effect of TRG in DOX-resistant cells may be interference with normal cell cycle events leading to genomic instability. Our data suggest that TRG may be a useful adjunct therapy in circumventing drug resistance in K562 leukemia cells.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Blotting, Northern
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Chromans/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Drug Synergism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Lactoylglutathione Lyase/genetics
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Thiazolidinediones/pharmacology
- Troglitazone
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald F Davies
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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49
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Kirk MJ, Fotiadis NA, Majumdar SK. An in vitro study of the cytogenetic and cytotoxic effects of imatinib mesylate, STI571 on murine erythroleukemia GM-86 cells. J Chemother 2006; 18:49-55. [PMID: 16572894 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2006.18.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib mesylate, STI571, is a novel anticancer drug used to treat Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia. Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of imatinib mesylate in human cancers; however, its effects in murine cancer cell lines are not well documented. This study investigated the cytogenetic and cytotoxic effects of imatinib mesylate in vitro on virus-induced mouse erythroleukemia GM-86 cells. Cytogenetic studies revealed a noticeable increase in chromosomal abnormalities and multinucleation, as well as micro and macronuclei formation in treated cells. An increase in abnormalities such as condensed nuclei and nuclear and cytoplasmic degradations were also detected in cells treated with imatinib mesylate. It is suggested that the reduction in cell proliferation, mitotic index, and increase in cell damaging effects observed in imatinib mesylate-treated GM-86 cells were a result of the induced chromosomal and nuclear abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Kirk
- Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania 18042-1783, USA
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50
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Lee JH, Choi SJ, Lee JH, Park JH, Kim H, Joo YD, Lee WS, Zang DY, Kim HJ, Lee KH. Standard induction chemotherapy followed by attenuated consolidation in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2006; 85:357-65. [PMID: 16575580 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-006-0110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2006] [Accepted: 03/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of intensive post-remission chemotherapy have not been verified in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To reduce fatal complications caused by intensive post-remission therapy, we performed a prospective phase II multicenter trial of standard induction chemotherapy ('7+3' of cytarabine plus daunorubicin), followed by two cycles of attenuated consolidation therapy ('5+1' of cytarabine plus daunorubicin) for elderly patients with AML, excluding those with M3. Of the 41 patients enrolled in the study, 24 (58.5%) attained CR. Of these 24, 17 (70.8%) completed both planned cycles of consolidation therapy. After a median follow-up of 566 days (range, 63-1190 days) among surviving patients, 15 relapsed, with an actuarial 3-year disease-free survival rate of 22.5%. There were no fatal complications during consolidation therapy. Actuarial 3-year overall survival was 17.0%. These findings suggest that, when compared with previous findings using more intensive consolidation therapy, attenuated consolidation therapy does not compromise outcomes in elderly AML patients.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping/methods
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- Prospective Studies
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Hwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap-2dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
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