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Loureiro RM, Sumi DV, Tames HLVC, Ribeiro SPP, Soares CR, Gomes RLE, Daniel MM. Cross-Sectional Imaging of Third Molar-Related Abnormalities. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1966-1974. [PMID: 32912872 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Third molars may be associated with a wide range of pathologic conditions, including mechanical, inflammatory, infectious, cystic, neoplastic, and iatrogenic. Diagnosis of third molar-related conditions can be challenging for radiologists who lack experience in dental imaging. Appropriate imaging evaluation can help practicing radiologists arrive at correct diagnoses, thus improving patient care. This review discusses the imaging findings of various conditions related to third molars, highlighting relevant anatomy and cross-sectional imaging techniques. In addition, key imaging findings of complications of third molar extraction are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Loureiro
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - D V Sumi
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - H L V C Tames
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S P P Ribeiro
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C R Soares
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R L E Gomes
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M M Daniel
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Coutinho Nogueira D, Dutour O, Coqueugniot H, Tillier AM. Qafzeh 9 mandible (ca 90-100 kyrs BP, Israel) revisited: μ-CT and 3D reveal new pathological conditions. Int J Paleopathol 2019; 26:104-110. [PMID: 31351220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to provide new insights into growth patterns and health of Mousterian hunter-gatherers dated to ca. 90-100 kyrs B.P. from the Qafzeh site. MATERIALS An almost complete skeleton, including the mandible from the Qafzeh site (Qafzeh 9). METHODS Micro-CT and medical imaging techniques are used to explore inaccessible inner structures and to assess the etiology of identified lesion. RESULTS Mandibular and dental conditions appear to be growth-related skeletal disorders. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, Qafzeh 9 offers the earliest evidence of associated mandibular and dental pathological conditions (i.e. non-ossifying fibroma of the mandible, pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption and osteochondritis dissecans of the temporomandibular joint) among early anatomically modern humans, and more generally among Middle Palaeolithic hominins in Southwestern Asia. The diagnoses can be added to other growth-related disorders of skulls previously documented from the Qafzeh site (Tillier, 1999; Tillier et al., 2001), suggesting a quite high and exceptional incidence of these conditions compared to those of Palaeolithic populations. SIGNIFICANCE Identification of pathological conditions in subadults from Eurasia dated to the Middle Palaeolithic is documented less often than in adult skeletons. Hence, new results from immature fossil remains are particularly important to our understanding of the past. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH This research will be extended to the rest of the skeleton, then to all Qafzeh specimens in order to broaden our understanding of this anatomically modern group.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Coutinho Nogueira
- EPHE - PSL Research University, Paris - Chair of Biological Anthropology Paul Broca, France; UMR 5199 PACEA, CNRS - University of Bordeaux, Bâtiment B8, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac cedex, France.
| | - O Dutour
- EPHE - PSL Research University, Paris - Chair of Biological Anthropology Paul Broca, France; UMR 5199 PACEA, CNRS - University of Bordeaux, Bâtiment B8, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac cedex, France.
| | - H Coqueugniot
- EPHE - PSL Research University, Paris - Chair of Biological Anthropology Paul Broca, France; UMR 5199 PACEA, CNRS - University of Bordeaux, Bâtiment B8, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac cedex, France.
| | - A-M Tillier
- UMR 5199 PACEA, CNRS - University of Bordeaux, Bâtiment B8, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac cedex, France.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive diagnosing tool used in clinics. Due to its high resolution (<10um), it is appropriate for the early detection of tiny infections. It has been widely used in diagnosis and treatment of diseases, evaluation of therapeutic efficacy, and monitoring of various physiological and pathological processes. OBJECTIVE To systemically review literature to summarize the clinic application of OCT in recent years. METHODS For clinic applications that OCT has been applied, we selected studies that describe the most relevant works. The discussion included: 1) which tissue could be used in the OCT detection, 2) which character of different tissue could be used as diagnosing criteria, 3) which diseases and pathological process have been diagnosed or monitored using OCT imaging, and 4) the recent development of clinic OCT diagnosing. RESULTS The literature showed that the OCT had been listed as a routine test choice for ophthalmic diseases, while the first commercial product for cardiovascular OCT detection had gotten clearance. Meanwhile, as the development of commercial benchtop OCT equipment and tiny fiber probe, the commercial application of OCT in dermatology, dentistry, gastroenterology and urology also had great potential in the near future. CONCLUSIONS The analysis and discussions showed that OCT, as an optical diagnosing method, has been used successfully in many clinical fields, and has the potential to be a standard inspection method in several clinic fields, such as dermatology, dentistry and cardiovascular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, China
- Corresponding author: Yi Wang, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin
University, China, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology, Tianjin University, Ministry of
Education, Tianjin, 300072, China. Tel./Fax: +86 22 27404535; E-mail:
| | - Shanshan Liu
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, China
| | - Shiliang Lou
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, China
| | - Weiqian Zhang
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, China
| | - Huaiyu Cai
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, China
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Kang CM, Hahn SM, Kim HS, Lyu CJ, Lee JH, Lee J, Han JW. Clinical Risk Factors Influencing Dental Developmental Disturbances in Childhood Cancer Survivors. Cancer Res Treat 2018; 50:926-935. [PMID: 29020731 PMCID: PMC6056986 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2017.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although studies regarding dental developmental disturbances after childhood cancer treatment have increased, they have many limitations. Studies analyzing the significance of independent clinical risk factors with regard to the dental health status are also rare. We aimed to investigate the risk factors for dental developmental disturbances, particularly severe disturbances, in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Oral examinations and retrospective reviews of medical and panoramic radiographs were performed for 196 CCS (mean age, 15.6 years). Cancer type, age at diagnosis, treatment modality, type and accumulated dose of administered drugs, and dose and site of radiation were recorded. Dental developmental disturbances were diagnosed using panoramic radiographs and graded for severity according to the Modified Dental Defect Index (MDDI). Descriptive statistics and multivariate analyseswere performed to determine the association between dental abnormalities and clinical factors. RESULTS In total, 109 CCS (55.6%) exhibited at least one dental anomaly, and the median value of MDDI was 2.5. Microdontia (30.6%) was the most prevalent anomaly, followed by tooth agenesis (20.4%), V-shaped roots (14.8%), and taurodontism (10.2%). Multivariate analysis revealed that a young age at diagnosis (≤ 3 years), a history of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the use of multiple classes of chemotherapeutic agents (≥ 4 classes), and the use of heavy metal agents were significant risk factors for severe dental disturbances. CONCLUSION CCS with any of the above risk factors for severe developmental disturbances should be comprehensively followed up to minimize adverse consequences to their dental development and preserve their future dental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Min Kang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Min Hahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chuhl Joo Lyu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinae Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
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Hale F. Intraoral radiographic tips and tricks. Can Vet J 2018; 59:191-197. [PMID: 29386685 PMCID: PMC5764209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Hale
- Address all correspondence to Dr. Fraser Hale; e-mail:
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Berning JA, Geist JR, Volker MK. Diagnostic Imaging in Veterinary Dental Practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2018; 252:49-51. [PMID: 29244594 DOI: 10.2460/javma.252.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Oser DG, Henson BR, Shiang EY, Finkelman MD, Amato RB. Incidental Findings in Small Field of View Cone-beam Computed Tomography Scans. J Endod 2017; 43:901-904. [PMID: 28359665 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in endodontics has increased in recent years. In clinical application of small field of view (FOV) CBCTs, these scans are not reviewed routinely by a radiologist. Studies of large FOV CBCT scans show the prevalence of incidental findings to be greater than 90%. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of missed findings by endodontic residents as compared with a radiologist on small FOV CBCT scans. METHODS Two hundred three small FOV CBCTs obtained for endodontic purposes were analyzed by an endodontic resident and a medical radiologist. The reported findings of each practitioner were compared to evaluate for missed incidental findings by the endodontic resident. RESULTS The radiologist reported abnormalities in 176 of the 203 subjects (87%), with a total of 310 abnormalities reported. The endodontic resident reported abnormalities in 102 of the 203 subjects (50%), with a total of 126 abnormalities reported. The percentage of scans with any abnormality reported by the radiologist was significantly greater than the endodontic resident (P < .001). There was no significant difference between jaw locations in percentage of missed findings for the 3 most common types of finding-rarefying osteitis, sinusitis/mucosal lining thickening, and excess restorative material in the periapical area. Rarefying osteitis was missed significantly less than the other 2 types of findings (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS A radiologist is significantly more likely to identify incidental findings in small FOV CBCT scans than an endodontic resident. Scan location had no significant association with the rate of missed findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Oser
- Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brett R Henson
- Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elaine Y Shiang
- Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Robert B Amato
- Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Kaye ID, Protopsaltis TS. Cervical Facet Joint Infection and Associated Epidural Abscess with Streptococcus intermedius from a Dental Infection Origin A Case Report and Review. Bull Hosp Jt Dis (2013) 2016; 74:237-243. [PMID: 27620549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyogenic cervical facet joint infections are rare and such infections from a dental origin are even less common. Of these few cases, none have described infection with Streptococcus intermedius as the pathogen. A 65-year-old orthopaedic surgeon complained of fevers, right-sided radiating neck pain, stiffness, swelling, erythema, and right upper extremity weakness one month after he had broken a crown over his right mandibular premolar, a continued source of pain. Imaging of the cervical spine showed a right C4-C5 facet inflammatory arthropathy and a small epidural abscess that was cultured and initially treated with intravenous antibiotics. The oral maxillofacial surgery team performed an extraction of the infected, symptomatic tooth. For continued right upper extremity weakness, the patient underwent C4-C5 laminoforaminotomy and irrigation and debridement of the right C4-C5 facet joint. After 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics, the patient's infectious and inflammatory markers had normalized. By 4 months, he had regained full strength at his upper extremity and a painless and full range of motion of his cervical spine.Pyogenic cervical facet joint infection is very rare and potentially dangerous. A high clinical suspicion and appropriate imaging, including magnetic resonance imaging, are important for correct diagnosis. Prompt medical and surgical treatment may avert complications, and although the patient presented made a complete recovery, patients may be left with neurological compromise.
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Abstract
Panoramic radiographs are frequently used in dental practice in addition to bitewing radiographs and periapical radiographs. The way a panoramic photograph is created is different from that of a projection image, such as bitewing and periapical radiographs. As a result, the sharpness of detail is much less, and overlap of structures occurs in different areas of the image. Consequently the diagnostic utility is limited to the recognition of anomalies for which small details play a lesser role. The advantage of a panoramic radiograph is that structures over a large area are shown in their relative location. Because of the lower resolution and the higher dose of radiation to the patient compared with a series of intraoral images, the panoramic radiograph is not indicated during a periodic check-up. If clinical inspection indicates a need for it and as a supplement to an intraoral radiograph, a panoramic radiograph can, however, be appropriate in cases of abnormalities that extend over a larger area, such as tumours and developmental disorders.
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Corns RA. Advantages and Limitations of Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Indiana Dent Assoc 2016; 95:24-26. [PMID: 29232094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Pakbaznejad Esmaeili E, Ekholm M, Haukka J, Waltimo-Sirén J. Type and location of findings in dental panoramic tomographs in 7-12-year-old orthodontic patients. Acta Odontol Scand 2015; 74:272-8. [PMID: 26634313 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2015.1112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority in Finland has paid attention to the large numbers of dental panoramic tomographs (DPTs), particularly in 7-12-year-old children. The majority of these radiographs are taken for orthodontic reasons. Because of the high radiosensitivity of children, the size of the irradiated field should be carefully chosen to yield the necessary diagnostic information at the lowest possible dose. The purpose of the present study was, therefore, to assess the outcome of DPTs within this age group in terms of type and location of pathological findings. It was also hypothesized that DPTs of orthodontic patients rarely display unrestored caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four hundred and forty-one DPTs, taken of 7-12-year-old children in 2010-2014, were randomly sampled. The 413 of them (94%) that had been taken for orthodontic reasons were analysed. RESULTS All pathologic findings were restricted to the tooth-bearing area and there was no pathology in the bone structure or any incidental findings in the region of temporomandibular joint. Unlike hypothesized, 27% of the orthodontic DPTs showed caries in deciduous teeth and 16% in permanent teeth. A sub-sample of 229 DPTs, analysed for developmental dental and occlusal problems, most commonly displayed crowding (50%), positional anomalies and local problems with tooth eruption (32%), as well as hyperodontia (15%). CONCLUSION Inclusion of only the actual area of interest in the image field should be considered case-specifically as a means to reduce the radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Pakbaznejad Esmaeili
- a Oral Radiology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
- b Oral Healthcare Department of City of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Marja Ekholm
- a Oral Radiology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
- c University Dental Clinic of City of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Jari Haukka
- d Department of Public Health , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Janna Waltimo-Sirén
- c University Dental Clinic of City of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
- e Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
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Fogarty WP, Drummond BK, Brosnan MG. The use of radiography in the diagnosis of oral conditions in children and adolescents. N Z Dent J 2015; 111:144-150. [PMID: 26761981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Radiography can serve as a useful aid in the diagnosis of numerous oral conditions, with a place in nearly all of the disciplines of dentistry. As such it can have a beneficial role in caring for the oral health of children and adolescents. The following review discusses the use of radiography in the diagnosis of oral conditions in children and adolescents, with particular reference to the diagnosis of dental caries, dental trauma, growth and development and in other dental scenarios, along with the importance of incidental findings. The risks associated with radiation exposure from the use of radiography are discussed, how these need to be balanced with the possible benefits associated with such use, as well as how risks could be minimised. Summary recommendations are also presented, providing an overview of the use of radiography for oral diagnosis in various clinical scenarios for children and adolescents.
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Owosho AA, Buraczewski T, Potluri A. Radiolucency of the Jaw Associated with an Unerupted Tooth. J Mich Dent Assoc 2015; 97:38-73. [PMID: 26638279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Abstract
The role of odontogenic infection as an etiology for lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis in dogs was evaluated. An association between odontogenic infection and inflammatory rhinitis was identified in 55% of cases evaluated. Odontogenic infection was unlikely or undetermined in 10% and 35% of the cases, respectively. Cases of lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis had roentgen signs associated with endodontic disease, periodontal disease, or retained tooth roots in 60%, 45%, and 25% of the cases, respectively. A collaborative team based approach assessing inflammatory nasal disease is recommended. Based on the history and signalment of the individual patient, diagnostic modalities should be chosen wisely. In some cases, oral examination and intraoral radiographs may be a more direct and cost effective approach for diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory rhinitis.
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Cachovan G, Blessmann M, Schön G, Rother U, Heiland M, Stürenburg E, Platzer U, Sobottka I. Radiography-based score indicative for the pathogenicity of bacteria in odontogenic infections. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:530-6. [PMID: 24444257 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2013.876553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a new radiography-based score to assess the potential of bacteria to cause odontogenic infections derived from the occurrence of bacteria at small or large radiographical lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The patients analyzed were a sub-population from a large randomized clinical trial comparing moxifloxacin and clindamycin in the treatment of inflammatory infiltrates and odontogenic abscesses. Routine radiographs were used to analyze the area of the periapical radiolucent lesions. Lesions were stratified by their radiographically measured area as large (>9 mm(2)) or small (≤9 mm(2)). A risk ratio was calculated for each species from the frequency of their occurrence in large vs in small lesions. RESULTS Fifty-one patients, 19 with abscesses and 32 with infiltrates, were evaluated. Overall, the radiographical lesion areas ranged from 0.4-46.2 mm(2) (median = 9 mm(2)). An increased risk (risk ratio >1) to occur at large abscess lesions was observed for Prevotella (P.) oralis, P. buccae, P. oris, P. intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus (Strep.) anginosus group. An increased risk to occur at large infiltrate lesions was found for Strep. salivarius, Strep. parasanguis, Strep. anginosus group, Capnocytophaga spp., Neisseria (N.) sicca, Neisseria spp., Staphylococcus (Staph.) aureus, P. intermedia, P. buccae, Prevotella spp. and P. melaninogenica. CONCLUSIONS The radiography-based score suggests that certain Prevotella spp., F. nucleatum and Strep. anginosus groups play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of odontogenic abscesses, and that various streptococci, Neisseria spp., Capnocytophaga spp., Staph. aureus and Prevotella spp. are involved in the pathogenesis of odontogenic infiltrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Cachovan
- Center for Oral and Dental Medicine, Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry
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Su H, Liao HF, Fiorellini JP, Kim S, Korostoff J. Factors affecting treatment planning decisions for compromised anterior teeth. INT J PERIODONT REST 2014; 34 Suppl 3:s89-95. [PMID: 24804290 DOI: 10.11607/prd.1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that create differences in opinion between dental professionals when treatment planning for a patient whose problem is limited to one or more maxillary incisors. A series of computer-generated scenarios was created in which anterior teeth were compromised for various reasons. The cases were used to survey a diverse group of practitioners regarding whether to treat or extract a tooth under the given circumstances. The results indicated that numerous patient-associated factors had statistically significant effects on the decision-making process. These included the patient's age, root length, root morphology, periodontal status, history of prior endodontic treatment, presence of posts, and size of periapical radiolucencies. The data also showed that a clinician's educational background had a dramatic impact on his or her treatment recommendation.
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Davydov DV, Gvozdovich VA, Stebunov VE, Manakina AI. [Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis: peculiarities of diagnostics and treatment]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2014:4-7. [PMID: 24577021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to improve the quality of diagnostics and the choice of optimal therapy for the management of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis associated with the localization of foreign bodies in the lateral parts of the maxillary sinuses. To this effect, multispiral computed tomography was used to enable the exact location of the foreign body inside the sinus and to choose the optimal approach for the surgical intervention. The modified Coldwell-Luc procedure was employed as the most adequate technique in the given clinical condition.
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Vaida L, Todor BI, Corega C, Băciuţ M, Băciuţ G. A rare case of canine anomaly - a possible algorithm for treating it. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2014; 55:1197-1202. [PMID: 25607406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Canine transmigration is a very rare dental anomaly in which an unerupted mandibular canine migrates, crossing the mandibular midline. This unusual condition is most often diagnosed by chance during a routine X-ray examination. The most common clinical signs announcing the presence of this anomaly are over-retention of the deciduous canine and the absence of permanent canine from the dental arch after its physiological period of eruption. In this paper, we present a clinical case, 10-year-old boy, who was diagnosed with mandibular right canine transmigration at three years after the start of orthodontic treatment, during which we were expecting the eruption of mandibular canines. The orthopantomograph revealed the mandibular right canine to be in a horizontal position under the apices of the incisors - type 2 transmigration pattern classified by Mupparapu (2002). Based on cone-beam computer tomography examination, we recommended a surgical exposure of the canine and orthodontic alignment. Due to the risk of root resorption of the mandibular right lateral incisor during orthodontic movement phase of canine transmigrated to the dental arch, we decided to align the mandibular right canine in a transposition, between the two mandibular right incisors. Then we resorted to adapting the mandibular right lateral incisor coronary morphology to simulate a canine and also to reshaping the canine coronary morphology to resemble a lateral incisor. This therapeutic approach allowed us to restore morphologically and functionally the mandibular dento-alveolar arch, preserving the entire dental system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Vaida
- Department of Implantology and Maxillofacial Surgery, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Shah N, Logani A, Kumar V. A minimally invasive surgical approach for large cyst-like periapical lesions: a case series. Gen Dent 2014; 62:e1-e5. [PMID: 24401356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Various conservative approaches have been utilized to manage large periapical lesions. This article presents a relatively new, very conservative technique known as surgical fenestration which is both diagnostic and curative. The technique involves partially excising the cystic lining, gently curetting the cystic cavity, performing copious irrigation, and closing the surgical site. This technique allows for decompression and allows the clinician the freedom to take a biopsy of the lesion, as well as perform other procedures such as root resection and retrograde sealing, if required. As the procedure does not perform a complete excision of the cystic lining, it is both minimally invasive and cost-effective. The technique and the concepts involved are reviewed in 4 cases treated with this novel surgical approach.
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Risom L, Christoffersen L, Daugaard-Jensen J, Hove HD, Andersen HS, Andresen BS, Kreiborg S, Duno M. Identification of six novel PTH1R mutations in families with a history of primary failure of tooth eruption. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74601. [PMID: 24058597 PMCID: PMC3776825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Failure of tooth Eruption (PFE) is a non-syndromic disorder which can be caused by mutations in the parathyroid hormone receptor 1 gene (PTH1R). Traditionally, the disorder has been identified clinically based on post-emergent failure of eruption of permanent molars. However, patients with PTH1R mutations will not benefit from surgical and/or orthodontic treatment and it is therefore clinically important to establish whether a given failure of tooth eruption is caused by a PTH1R defect or not. We analyzed the PTH1R gene in six patients clinically diagnosed with PFE, all of which had undergone surgical and/or orthodontic interventions, and identified novel PTH1R mutations in all. Four of the six mutations were predicted to abolish correct mRNA maturation either through introduction of premature stop codons (c.947C>A and c.1082G>A), or by altering correct mRNA splicing (c.544-26_544-23del and c.989G>T). The latter was validated by transfection of minigenes. The six novel mutations expand the mutation spectrum for PFE from eight to 14 pathogenic mutations. Loss-of-function mutations in PTH1R are also associated with recessively inherited Blomstrand chondrodysplasia. We compiled all published PTH1R mutations and identified a mutational overlap between Blomstrand chondrodysplasia and PFE. The results suggest that a genetic approach to preclinical diagnosis will have important implication for surgical and orthodontic treatment of patients with failure of tooth eruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Risom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Line Christoffersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Hanne Dahlgaard Hove
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Sven Kreiborg
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Duno
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sabbadini GD. A review of pediatric radiology. J Calif Dent Assoc 2013; 41:575-584. [PMID: 24073496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In most dental schools, the focus is on teaching students how to treat adults, with little emphasis placed on treating children. The goal of this article is to review some basic concepts in pediatric radiology to help general practitioners have a better understanding of when to take radiographs on children, which radiographs should be taken, what to look for when examining the radiographs and possible ways to treat the problems diagnosed from the radiographs.
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Abstract
Radicular cyst is one of the most common odontogenic cystic lesions found in the jaws. It is inflammatory in nature and found mostly in relation to a non-vital tooth. It usually presents at a later stage in life because the formation of the cyst is the last step in the progression of inflammatory events after a periapical infection. The cyst usually goes unnoticed because of its painless nature and small size. We present the clinical, radiographic and histological characteristics of a radicular cyst along with its management. Cystic sac was removed surgically under general anaesthesia after the elevation of the mucoperiosteal flap. Histopathologically, the cystic sac was consistent with the features of a radicular cyst. Follow-up period of 21 months showed improved radiographical appearance on Coned Beam CT. Vestibular deepening was planned as a future treatment in the same region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh N Bahadure
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Monika Khubchandani
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilima R Thosar
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Singh
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Haikola B, Huumonen S, Sipilä K, Oikarinen K, Remes-Lyly T, Söderholm AL. Radiological signs indicating infection of dental origin in elderly Finns. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71:498-507. [PMID: 22746153 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2012.696692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to assess the prevalence and background factors of signs of infection of dental origin in elderly Finns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Every third birth cohort between 60-78 years of age (n = 1733) in a southern and a northern region in Finland were invited. Altogether, 1069 subjects attended radiographic examination. Of those, 660 were dentate and formed the study sample. In the analysis an index as a sum of points (scale per lesion 0-3, range 0-420) indicating the severity of infection from periapical lesions, furcal lesions, vertical bone pockets, horizontal bone loss and severe dental caries was used. RESULTS The index ranged individually from 0-91. Horizontal bone loss was found in 94%, vertical bone loss in 19%, periapical lesions in 46%, furcal lesions in 19% and carious lesions in 39% of the subjects. Only 3% of the subjects were free of dental infections, while 2% had mild, 17% moderate and 78% severe risk of dentogenic infection. Statistically significant background factors were region, level of education, number of regular drugs in use, drugs reducing salivation, alcohol consumption, cardiovascular disease, asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. CONCLUSIONS Elderly Finns have high a prevalence of signs of infections of dental origin, which is associated with several socio-demographic and health-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Haikola
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Oral Pathology Quiz #78. Case number 3. Lateral dental granuloma. J N J Dent Assoc 2013; 84:15, 26. [PMID: 23556289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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25
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Biagi R, Craparo A, Trovato F, Butti AC, Salvato A. Diagnosis of dental and mandibular asymmetries in children according to Levandoski Panoramic Analysis. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2012; 13:297-300. [PMID: 23270287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the Levandoski Panoramic Analysis in the diagnosis of dental and mandibular asymmetries and its contribution to clinical patient's evaluation and treatment planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one randomly selected panoramic radiographs of children from 7 to 14 year old were analysed using 10 linear measurements. Right and left values were compared with Student's paired T tests. For each value, mean and standard deviation were computed separately for each side. RESULTS Statistics. A dominance for the left side over the right side was observed. The data obtained were not statistically significant with the exception of maxillary length: the right side length of the maxilla was shorter (p<0.05) compared to the left side. CONCLUSIONS Levandosky Panoramic Analisys represents a useful screening method in the diagnosis of dental and mandibular asymmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Biagi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, Italy.
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Colak H, Bayraktar Y, Hamidi MM, Tan E, Colak T. Prevalence of root dilacerations in Central Anatolian Turkish dental patients. W INDIAN MED J 2012; 61:635-639. [PMID: 23441361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine, retrospectively, the prevalence and distribution of the dilaceration of the root for each tooth-type in a sample of Central Anatolian Turkish population by using panoramic radiographs. METHOD Panoramic radiograhs of 6912 patients (3860 women and 3052 men, mean age 29.04 years, range, 15 to 50 years) were examined for the presence of root dilacerations. Chi-square test was also used to compare the prevalence of dilacerations between male and female subjects and upper and lower jaws. RESULTS Data showed that 1108 (16.0%) of these subjects had one or more teeth that were dilacerated and these were detected in 466 (15.2%) males and 642 (16.6%) females. Statistical analysis (chi2 test) showed a significant difference in the prevalence of dilaceration among male and female patients. Mandibular third molars were dilacerated most often (3.76%), followed by mandibular second molars (1.81%). Dilaceration was found in 1.23% of maxillary second premolars and 1.23% of mandibular second molars. CONCLUSION Root dilacerations are not uncommon among Turkish dental patients, and their early detection could be important in treatment problems associated with it. However further larger scale studies are required to assess its prevalence in the general population in order to compare it with other ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Colak
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, 71100, Kirikkale, Turkey.
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Ledesma-Montes C, Salcido-García JF, Hernández-Flores F, Garcés-Ortíz M. Pathological findings in a sample of Mexican pediatric patients. Clinical and radiographic survey. Minerva Stomatol 2012; 61:205-212. [PMID: 22576445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM The findings of a clinical-radiological review of 467 children attending the Oral Diagnosis Clinic of the Facultad de Odontología, UNAM, Mexico, are presented. METHODS All patients were clinically reviewed, clinical history was taken, and an orthopantomogram obtained by last year dentistry students. Patients and radiographs were then reviewed by the panel and all alterations in teeth, soft tissues and bone were recorded. RESULTS Clinical and/or radiographic alterations were found in 132 (28.26%) children. The main alterations were developmental (75%) and inflammatory/infectious and traumatic (6.06% each). The most common entities were: supernumeraries (30.77%); hypodontia (29.7%); osteosclerotic lesions and microdontia (4.4% each). CONCLUSION The data on the frequency of alterations in the pediatric population attending at our institution reinforce the importance of this kind of study in efforts to improve the quality of stomatologic services in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ledesma-Montes
- Laboratorio de Patología Clínica, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, UNAM, Mexico.
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Margolis FS. Digital radiography for tots and teens. Dent Today 2011; 30:84-87. [PMID: 22324110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Le T, Nassery K, Kahlert B, Heithersay G. A comparative diagnostic assessment of anterior tooth and bone status using panoramic and periapical radiography. Aust Orthod J 2011; 27:162-168. [PMID: 22372273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to compare diagnostic assessments of anterior tooth and bone status in a randomised cohort of pre-orthodontic patients using panoramic and periapical radiographs. METHOD Four hundred and forty-four cases with matched periapical and panoramic radiographs were examined by three observers. Two were final-year postgraduate endodontic students and the other, a final-year Honours degree dental student. Multi-rater Kappa values were used to assess the reliability of the observers, with a value of 1 equating to complete agreement. RESULTS With the exception of endodontic Class 1 and 2 palatal invaginations, reliability exceeded 0.95 for all three observers. An assessment of the graduate endodontic students revealed only a marginal increase in the kappa values. Statistical analysis (p < 0.05) determined that developmental anomalies or tooth/bone pathoses were more reliably detected by observers using periapical radiographs compared with panoramic films. This finding has relevance given the likelihood of anterior dental trauma among young children. CONCLUSION While there have been considerable improvements in the quality of dental panoramic radiography, the present study indicated that a reliable pre-orthodontic or post-trauma diagnostic assessment should include both panoramic and intra-oral radiographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Le
- School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide Australia
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Brüllmann DD, Schmidtmann I, Hornstein S, Schulze RK. Correlation of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) findings in the maxillary sinus with dental diagnoses: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Investig 2011; 16:1023-9. [PMID: 21968552 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-011-0620-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the coincidence of mucosal hyperplasia in the maxillary sinus and related clinical diagnoses of posterior maxillary teeth found in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. A total of 204 patients who underwent CBCT examinations between 2006 and 2008 were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical and CBCT findings were correlated using patient records. Absolute frequencies, odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for statistical evaluations. There was a pronounced association between periodontitis and radiological signs of sinusitis. Basal mucosal wall thickening was more likely in patients with decayed and non-vital teeth compared to patients with sound teeth (OR = 5.2; 95% CI = 1.2-23.1). Basal mucosal wall thickening was also more likely than total mucosal thickening (OR = 10.4; 95% CI = 2.6-42.2). Patients with decayed and endodontically treated teeth were more likely to exhibit involvement of the basal wall (OR = 9.2; 95% CI = 3.3-25.2) than were patients with healthy teeth. CBCT examinations revealed a correlation between basal mucosal thickening in the maxillary sinus and decayed posterior maxillary teeth or periodontitis. Chronic symptoms involving the sinuses are one of the most common reasons for patients to consult physicians. One reason for chronic orofacial pain is the prevalence of undiagnosed sinus conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Dominik Brüllmann
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
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Kanjanabuch P, Sinpitaksakul P, Chinachatchawarat S, Pacharapong S, Kanjanabuch T. Oral and radiographic findings in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Med Assoc Thai 2011; 94 Suppl 4:S106-S112. [PMID: 22043576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the oral status, cortical and spongy bone density of the mandible, and dental pulp calcification between the patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. MATERIAL AND METHOD Thirteen end stage renal disease patients undergoing CAPD and 17 age- and sex- matched healthy volunteers were enrolled. The questionnaires, oral radiography, and intraoral examination, including number of decayed teeth, filled teeth, missing teeth, plaque index, gingival index, calculus index, and oral hygiene index were performed in both groups. Two views of oral radiology, comprising panoramic and bite-wing radiographs, were taken to evaluate mandibular bone density and pulp calcification. The data were analyzed with t-test and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS Both groups were similar in baseline demographics, including age, sex, and education. Plaque index, calculus index, and oral hygiene index of the CAPD patients were significantly worse than the controls' (p = 0.025, 0.015, and 0.014, respectively). Percentage of decayed teeth and missing teeth of the CAPD patients had a trend to be higher than control. The percentage of filled teeth, decayed missing filling tooth (DMFT) index, sum of percentage DMFT, gingival index, average of spongy and cortical bone densities, and the percentage of pulp calcification were comparable in both groups. CONCLUSION CAPD had poorer oral hygiene than the healthy; however; DMFT pulp calcification, and bone density were not differenct from the healthy. This urges the medical personnel to examine all CAPD patients in order to prevent hematogenous spreading of occult oral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patnarin Kanjanabuch
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Tetradis S, Anstey P, Graff-Radford S. Cone beam computed tomography in the diagnosis of dental disease. Tex Dent J 2011; 128:620-628. [PMID: 21928738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Conventional radiographs provide important information for dental disease diagnosis. However, they represent 2-D images of 3-D objects with significant structure superimposition and unpredictable magnification. Cone beam computed tomography, however, allows true 3-D visualization of the dentoalveolar structures, avoiding major limitations of conventional radiographs. Cone beam computed tomography images offer great advantages in disease detection for selected patients. The authors discuss cone beam computed tomography applications in dental disease diagnosis, reviewing the pertinent literature when available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Tetradis
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, 90095, USA
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Tewary S, Luzzo J, Hartwell G. Endodontic radiography: who is reading the digital radiograph? J Endod 2011; 37:919-21. [PMID: 21689544 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 02/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Digital radiographic imaging systems have undergone tremendous improvements since their introduction. Advantages of digital radiographs over conventional films include lower radiation doses compared with conventional films, instantaneous images, archiving and sharing images easily, and manipulation of several radiographic properties that might help in diagnosis. METHODS A total of 6 observers including 2 endodontic residents, 3 endodontists, and 1 oral radiologist evaluated 150 molar digital periapical radiographs to determine which of the following conditions existed: normal periapical tissue, widened periodontal ligament, or presence of periapical radiolucency. The evaluators had full control over the radiograph's parameters of the Planmeca Dimaxis software program. All images were viewed on the same computer monitor with ideal vie-wing conditions. The same 6 observers evaluated the same 150 digital images 3 months later. The data were analyzed to determine how well the evaluators agreed with each other (interobserver agreement) for 2 rounds of observations and with themselves (intraobserver agreement). RESULTS Fleiss kappa statistical analysis was used to measure the level of agreement among multiple raters. The overall Fleiss kappa value for interobserver agreement for the first round of interpretation was 0.34 (P < .001). The overall Fleiss kappa value for interobserver agreement for the second round of interpretation was 0.35 (P < .001). This resulted in fair (0.2-0.4) agreement among the 6 raters at both observation periods. A weighted kappa analysis was used to determine intraobserver agreement, which showed on average a moderate agreement. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the interpretation of a dental radiograph is subjective, irrespective of whether conventional or digital radiographs are used. The factors that appeared to have the most impact were the years of experience of the examiner and familiarity of the operator with a given digital system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Tewary
- Department of Endodontics, New Jersey Dental School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07101-1709, USA
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Huggons NA, Bell RJW, Puchalski SM. Radiography and computed tomography in the diagnosis of nonneoplastic equine mandibular disease. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2011; 52:53-60. [PMID: 21322387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared the information gained from computed tomography (CT) vs. radiography in horses with nonneoplastic disease of the mandible. We hypothesized that CT would provide additional diagnostic information. Medical records, radiographs, and CT images of horses with nonneoplastic mandibular disease evaluated between 1994 and 2008 were reviewed. Nineteen horses were identified; 11 had a tooth root abscess and related disease, four had a fracture of the teeth and/or mandible, and four had a nonneoplastic mass. Both CT images and radiographs allowed identification of diseased teeth that appeared clinically normal otherwise. CT allowed identification of teeth that were clinically affected but appeared normal radiographically. Parameters such as tooth pulp involvement, lamina dura destruction, presence of bone fragments, lingual and buccal mandibular bone periosteal reaction, and cortical bone destruction were more conspicuous with CT. Performing radiography and CT in horses with nonneoplastic mandibular disease provides a more complete evaluation than either technique alone. CT contributes additional information that could otherwise be overlooked with radiographs alone in horses with a mandibular fracture. CT provides ancillary information to radiographs in horses with dental infection or a nonneoplastic mass of the mandible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A Huggons
- University of California, Davis William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, USA.
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35
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Tetradis S, Anstey P, Graff-Radford S. Cone beam computed tomography in the diagnosis of dental disease. J Calif Dent Assoc 2010; 38:27-32. [PMID: 20178224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Conventional radiographs provide important information for dental disease diagnosis. However, they represent 2-D images of 3-D objects with significant structure superimposition and unpredictable magnification. Cone beam computed tomography, however, allows true 3-D visualization of the dentoalveolar structures, avoiding major limitations of conventional radiographs. Cone beam computed tomography images offer great advantages in disease detection for selected patients. The authors discuss cone beam computed tomography applications in dental disease diagnosis, reviewing the pertinent literature when available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Tetradis
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, Calif. 90095, USA
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36
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Tsesis I, Fuss Z. [Endodontal and periodontal aspects of root perforations]. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim (1993) 2009; 26:39-71. [PMID: 20162991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of treatment of perforations is to achieve a tight and permanent seal that will prevent bacteria and their by-products in the root canal from entering into the surrounding periodontal tissues. It is important to consider the type of perforation according to the classification for selection of the proper material and technique for each case. Modern techniques for treatment of perforations by orthograde and surgical approach result in prolonged survival of the tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tsesis
- Dept. of Endodontology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
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37
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American Academy on Pediatric Dentistry Ad Hoc Committee on Pedodontic Radiology, American Academy on Pediatric Dentistry Council on Clinical Affairs. Guideline on prescribing dental radiographs for infants, children, adolescents, and persons with special health care needs. Pediatr Dent 2008-2009; 30:236-7. [PMID: 19216428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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38
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Pataky L, Dobó NC. [Radiography of the mandibular canal--diagnostic value]. Fogorv Sz 2009; 102:78-79. [PMID: 19514246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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39
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Leader D. Buccal object rule. J Mass Dent Soc 2009; 58:46. [PMID: 19927957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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40
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Yoshinaka M. [Radiographic examinations for oral and maxillofacial regions-radiographic images of jawbone and soft tissue disease-]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2008; 64:1410-1425. [PMID: 19060436 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.64.1410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Ishizuka M. [Radiographic examinations for oral and maxillofacial lesions -radiographic images of dental and periodontal lesions]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2008; 64:1270-1279. [PMID: 18987420 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.64.1270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Boj JR, Poirier C, Hernandez M, Espasa E. Laser-assisted treatment of a dentigerous cyst: case report. Pediatr Dent 2007; 29:521-524. [PMID: 18254424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Dentigerous cysts are benign maxillary odontogenic cysts associated with the crown of an unerupted tooth. They can expand the cortical bone to such an extent that they cause displacement of teeth and root resorption in the adjacent teeth. The purpose of this report was to describe the clinical case of a dentigerous cyst in a mandibular permanent molar of a 6-year-old child. The cyst caused the displacement of the bud of the permanent second molar and root resorption of the primary second molar. The cyst was treated by: (1) mucous fenestration using an erbium laser: (2) drainage of the fluid content; and (3) curettage of the bone cavity. The injury was successfully resolved in just 5 months with: (1) bone regeneration; (2) the repositioning of the displaced bud; and (3) correct eruption of the affected tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan R Boj
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University of Barcelona, Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Siapka
- Child Dental Health, Dental School, Bristol, UK.
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Rosado MA, Vernacchio-Wilson J. Paleopathology and osteobiography of the people of Peñuelas, Chile's semiarid north. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2006; 101 Suppl 2:85-95. [PMID: 17308815 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762006001000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 10/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Museo de La Serena, IV Region, Chile has collections of skeletal remains representing the agricultural Diaguita people of 500 years ago excavated in the 1980s from the sites Peñuelas 21 and 24, Chile's semiarid north. Their excellent preservation has permitted an osteobiographical and radiographic analysis to better understand the patterns of the disease. This research continues the osteological analyses begun in 1989 by Rosado that seek to understand the impact the transition to and adoption of farming had on the health of prehistoric populations. Because of the significance of paleopathology in the understanding of cultural and biological adaptations, it has also become necessary to assess the preservation status and design a conservation protocol to protect and document the remains. The objectives of this communication are to: establish demographic patterns of the skeletal samples and identify and diagnose skeletal paleopathologies via photography and radiographs. Intentional cranial alteration, limb and cranial fractures, dental wear, and dental abscesses and caries are among the interesting paleopathologies so far documented. Intentional cranial alteration is very common and is manifested as tabular erect in both males and females. The high frequency of carious lesions indicates a diet that emphasized carbohydrates. Skeletal radiographs are available for several of the individuals in the sample and this has afforded a more detailed description of the paleopathologies originally documented via photography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Araya Rosado
- Department of Geography and Anthropology, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
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Abstract
Dental panoramic tomography is commonly presented to radiologists with no dental training for interpretation. An overview of the technique, basic anatomy and nomenclature and common pathology is presented with examples to show the anatomy and nomenclature, the artefacts and common pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Boeddinghaus
- Perth Radiological Clinic, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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Nalçaci R, Erdemir EO, Baran I. Evaluation of the oral health status of the people aged 65 years and over living in near rural district of Middle Anatolia, Turkey. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2006; 45:55-64. [PMID: 17097161 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2006.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2006] [Revised: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 09/26/2006] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the oral health status of aged 65 years and over, and evaluate the level of edentulousness and study the factors that could have an influence on edentulism. The participants of this study were 215 patients; 94 males (47.3%) and 121 females (56.3%), aged 65 years and over. Each subject underwent a comprehensive dental and radiographic examination by one examiner. Periodontal attachment loss observed in the panoramic radiographs was divided into three diagnostic categories: infrabony defects, horizontal bone loss, and furcation lesions. The number of teeth with apical periodontitis lesions, the number of carious teeth, and restorations, type of dentures and wear duration, intrabony root remains, impacted teeth, smoking status, educational level and self-reported medical history of the participants were recorded. Extent of tooth loss was significantly higher in females than males and increased with increasing age (p<0.05). Tooth loss was significantly associated with educational levels; lower literacy level was found to be associated with a higher number of missing teeth (p<0.01). Also, as the educational levels of the participants increased, the number of infrabony defects, furcation lesions and number of carious teeth decreased (p<0.05). Low literacy level and female gender are found to be high-risk groups for tooth loss. Community-based oral disease prevention programs should be implemented to reduce the risk for tooth loss in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Nalçaci
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Mimar Sinan Street No. 25, 71100 Kirikkale, Turkey.
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Proff P, Bayerlein T, Fanghänel J, Allegrini S, Gedrange T. Morphological and clinical considerations of first and second permanent molar eruption disorders. Ann Anat 2006; 188:353-61. [PMID: 16856600 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2006.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Tooth eruption is a complex biological process which starts from the site of development in the jaw bone until the teeth reach their final functional position in the chewing plane. Various factors can disturb this process. Besides mechanical obstacles on the eruption path, a pathological position or axial orientation of the tooth germ, morphological aberrations of the tooth or pathological alterations of the periodontium, primary disorders of the eruption mechanism may lead to complete or partial retention of the tooth in the jaw bone. These morphological features bear upon the prognosis of orthodontic correction which is dependent upon the underlying cause. First and second molars are rarely affected by eruption disorders, with a prevalence of 0.01 to 0.08 per cent, however, marked consequences for function such as posterior open bite or elongation of the antagonists may result. Following an overview of pathogenetic factors of tooth eruption disorders, selected cases of impacted first and second permanent molars are presented with respect to their morphological causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Proff
- Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Präventive Zahnmedizin und Kinderzahnheilkunde, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Rotgerberstrasse 8, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
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Abstract
Pyle's disease (PD) or metaphyseal dysplasia is an extremely rare genetic disorder, transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. The peculiarity of the disease is that the striking radiographic manifestations contrast with the relatively normal clinical features. The oral findings and radiographic features of the disease are not well documented. The present paper describes the radiographic features of Pyle's disease in a 17-year-old girl and draws attention to the findings in the jaw bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Narayananan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere--577 004, Karnataka, India.
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Felippe WT, Felippe MCS, Rocha MJC. The effect of mineral trioxide aggregate on the apexification and periapical healing of teeth with incomplete root formation. Int Endod J 2006; 39:2-9. [PMID: 16409322 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.01037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the influence of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on apexification and periapical healing of teeth in dogs with incomplete root formation and previously contaminated canals and to verify the necessity of employing calcium hydroxide paste before using MTA. METHODOLOGY Twenty premolars from two 6-month old dogs were used. After access to the root canals and complete removal of the pulp, the canal systems remained exposed to the oral environment for 2 weeks. Canal preparation was then carried out using Hedström files, under irrigation with 1% sodium hypochlorite, 1 mm short of the radiographic apex. After drying, the canals of two premolars in each dog were left empty (control group). The other eight teeth in each animal were divided into two experimental groups. The apical thirds of the canals of group 1 were filled with MTA. In the teeth of group 2, the canals were dressed with a calcium hydroxide-propylene glycol paste. After 1 week, the paste was removed and the apical third was filled with MTA. All teeth were restored with reinforced zinc oxide cement (IRM) and amalgam. The animals were killed 5 months later, and blocks of the teeth and surrounding tissues were submitted to histological processing. The sections were studied to evaluate seven parameters: formation of an apical calcified tissue barrier, level of barrier formation, inflammatory reaction, bone and root resorption, MTA extrusion, and microorganisms. Results of experimental groups were analysed by Wilcoxon's nonparametric tests and by the test of proportions. The critical value of statistical significance was 5%. RESULTS Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found in relation to the position of barrier formation and MTA extrusion. The barrier was formed in the interior of the canal in 69.2% of roots from MTA group only. In group 2, it was formed beyond the limits of the canal walls in 75% of the roots. MTA extrusion occurred mainly in roots from group 2. There was similarity between the groups for the other parameters. CONCLUSIONS Mineral trioxide aggregate used after root canal preparation favoured the occurrence of the apexification and periapical healing. The initial use of calcium hydroxide paste was not necessary for apexification to occur, and has shown to be strongly related to the extrusion of MTA and formation of barriers beyond the limits of the root canal walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Felippe
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Obayashi N, Ariji Y, Goto M, Izumi M, Naitoh M, Kurita K, Shimozato K, Ariji E. Spread of odontogenic infection originating in the maxillary teeth: computerized tomographic assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 98:223-31. [PMID: 15316549 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the pathways of infection originating in the maxillary teeth through the interpretation of computerized tomographic (CT) appearances. STUDY DESIGN CT images of 78 patients were analyzed with reference to lateral asymmetry of shape and density of fascial spaces and tissues. RESULTS Changes in the alveolar cortical plates were observed more frequently in the labial/buccal side than in the palatal side. The facial expression muscles were involved in 23 (19.4%) patients. Infection caused by anterior teeth often spread into the levator labii superioris and levator anguli oris muscles. Deep spread into the fascial space was found in 9 (11.5%) patients. Masticator space changes were predominantly seen in the patients with infection caused by molars. Maxillary sinus changes were found in 57 (71.3%) patients with infection originating in the canines, premolars and molars. CONCLUSION Infection spread characteristics are related to the causal teeth, and the pathways were clearly demonstrated on CT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Obayashi
- Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
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