1
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Mbwambo
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - L Luyengi
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - A D Kinghorn
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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2
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Nshimo CM, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD, Farnsworth NR. Cytotoxic Constituents of Muntingia calabura Leaves and Stems Collected in Thailand. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/13880209309082922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- CM. Nshimo
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois, 60612
| | - J. M. Pezzuto
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois, 60612
| | - A. D. Kinghorn
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois, 60612
| | - N. R. Farnsworth
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois, 60612
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3
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Choi JK, Murillo G, Su BN, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD, Mehta RG. Ixocarpalactone A isolated from the Mexican tomatillo shows potent antiproliferative and apoptotic activity in colon cancer cells. FEBS J 2007; 273:5714-23. [PMID: 17212786 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05560.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Physalis philadelphica Lam, commonly known as a tomatillo, is a staple of the Mesoamerican cuisine. In our laboratory, an ethyl acetate-soluble extract and four withanolides [ixocarpalactone A (IxoA), ixocarpalactone B, philadelphicalactone B, and withaphysacarpin] were isolated. Studies conducted on Hepa-1c1c7 hepatoma cells revealed that withanolides were potent inducers of quinone reductase, suggesting possible cancer chemoprotective activity. Here we evaluated the antiproliferative properties of the withanolides in SW480 human colon cancer cells. IxoA, which is present in the edible part of the tomatillo, was selected for further evaluation. SW480 cells treated with IxoA showed cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, up-regulation of hyper-phosphorylated retinoblastoma, and down-regulation of E2F-1 and DP-1. On the basis of flow cytometry analysis, ethidium bromide/acridine orange, and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, it was found that IxoA induces apoptosis in SW480 cells. Moreover, increased concentrations of the pro-apoptotic protein, BIM/BOD, were found by western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. Morphological examination revealed vacuole formation in cells treated with IxoA, and Oil Red O staining showed that the vacuole content was nonlipid. Furthermore, immunocytochemistry demonstrated increased concentrations of mucin 3 in IxoA-treated SW480 cells. These findings suggest that chemicals present in tomatillos (e.g. IxoA) may have cancer chemopreventive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana K Choi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
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4
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5
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Abo KA, Kinghorn AD. Isolation of an anti-tumour terpenoid from stem bark of Spondianthus preussii var. preussii Engl. Afr J Med Med Sci 2003; 32:179-82. [PMID: 15032466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
We report a biologically monitored phytochemical separation of stem bark of Spondianthus preussii var. preussii against a panel of human cancer cell lines in vitro and the P-388 murine lymphocytic leukemia cells in culture. An ethylacetate extract of the stem bark exhibited selective cytotoxicity against human melanoma (ED50 = 10.0 ug/ml). Further activity-guided fractionation of the ethylacetate extract by flash chromatography and subsequent purification on preparative thin layer chromatography led to the identification of a lupane-type triterpene, 3beta-hydroxy-20(29)--lupenoic acid, by spectroscopic methods. This is the first report of the occurrence of this compound in S. preussii var. preussii. It is also the first time this triterpene is being shown to exhibit in vitro anti-tumor activity against human melanoma (ED50 = 2.4 ug/ml). This compound could be a promising bioactive natural product since it has been previously reported to exhibit a range of biological activities including in vivo and in vitro antiplasmodial activity and it is not toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Abo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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6
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Waffo-Téguo P, Hawthorne ME, Cuendet M, Mérillon JM, Kinghorn AD, Pezzuto JM, Mehta RG. Potential cancer-chemopreventive activities of wine stilbenoids and flavans extracted from grape (Vitis vinifera) cell cultures. Nutr Cancer 2002; 40:173-9. [PMID: 11962253 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc402_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Moderate consumption of wine is associated with a reduced risk of cancer. Grape plant cell cultures were used to purify 12 phenols: the stilbenoids trans-astringin, trans-piceid (2), trans-resveratroloside, trans-resveratrol, trans-piceatannol, cis-resveratroloside, cis-piceid, and cis-resveratrol; the flavans (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and epicatechin 3-O-gallate; and the flavan dimer procyanidin B2 3'-O-gallate. These compounds were evaluated for potential to inhibit cyclooxygenases and preneoplastic lesion formation in carcinogen-treated mouse mammary glands in organ culture. At 10 micrograms/ml, trans-astringin and trans-piceatannol inhibited development of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced preneoplastic lesions in mouse mammary glands with 68.8% and 76.9% inhibition, respectively, compared with untreated glands. The latter compound was the most potent of the 12 compounds tested in this assay, with the exception of trans-resveratrol (87.5% inhibition). In the cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 assay, trans isomers of the stilbenoids appear to be more active than cis isomers: trans-resveratrol [50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 14.9 microM, 96%] vs. cis-resveratrol (IC50 = 55.4 microM). In the COX-2 assay, among the compounds tested, only trans- and cis-resveratrol exhibited significant inhibitory activity (IC50 = 32.2 and 50.2 microM, respectively). This is the first report showing the potential cancer-chemopreventive activity of trans-astringin, a plant stilbenoid recently found in wine. trans-Astringin and its aglycone trans-piceatannol were active in the mouse mammary gland organ culture assay but did not exhibit activity in COX-1 and COX-2 assays. trans-Resveratrol was active in all three of the bioassays used in this investigation. These findings suggest that trans-astringin and trans-piceatannol may function as potential cancer-chemopreventive agents by a mechanism different from that of trans-resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Waffo-Téguo
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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7
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Bhacca NS, Balandrin MF, Kinghorn AD, Frenkiel TA, Freeman R, Morris GA. Carbon-13 and proton two-dimensional NMR study of the Ormosia alkaloids panamine, ormosanine, and ormosinine. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00347a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Silva GL, Cui B, Chávez D, You M, Chai HB, Rasoanaivo P, Lynn SM, O'Neill MJ, Lewis JA, Besterman JM, Monks A, Farnsworth NR, Cordell GA, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Modulation of the multidrug-resistance phenotype by new tropane alkaloid aromatic esters from Erythroxylum pervillei. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:1514-1520. [PMID: 11754602 DOI: 10.1021/np010295+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nine tropane alkaloid aromatic esters (1-9) were isolated from the roots of Erythroxylum pervillei by following their potential to reverse multidrug-resistance with vinblastine-resistant oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB-V1) cells. All isolates, including seven new structures (3-9), were evaluated against a panel of human cancer cell lines, and it was found that alkaloids 3 and 5-9 showed the greatest activity with KB-V1 cells assessed in the presence of vinblastine, suggesting that these new compounds are potent modulators of P-glycoprotein. Confirmatory results were obtained with human ovarian adenocarcinoma (SKVLB) cells evaluated in the presence of adriamycin and synergistic studies performed with several cell lines from the NCI tumor panel. The structures of the new compounds were determined using spectroscopic techniques. Single-crystal X-ray analysis was performed on the monoester, tropane-3 alpha,6 beta,7 beta-triol 3-phenylacetate (1).
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- Alkaloids/chemistry
- Alkaloids/isolation & purification
- Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Erythroxylaceae/chemistry
- Esters/chemistry
- Esters/isolation & purification
- Esters/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- Madagascar
- Medicine, Traditional
- Molecular Conformation
- Molecular Structure
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
- Ovarian Neoplasms
- Plant Roots/chemistry
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Spectrophotometry, Infrared
- Stereoisomerism
- Tropanes/chemistry
- Tropanes/isolation & purification
- Tropanes/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Silva
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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9
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Mata-Greenwood E, Daeuble JF, Grieco PA, Dou J, McChesney JD, Mehta RG, Kinghorn AD, Pezzuto JM. Novel esters of glaucarubolone as inducers of terminal differentiation of promyelocytic HL-60 cells and inhibitors of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced preneoplastic lesion formation in mouse mammary organ culture. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:1509-1513. [PMID: 11754601 DOI: 10.1021/np010212p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to discover new chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agents from natural sources, brusatol (1) was found to induce HL-60 cellular differentiation, accompanied by strong antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects. A series of natural and semisynthetic quassinoids (1-48) was designed to effect both antiproliferative and differentiation-inducing properties. Compounds were assessed in vitro using the HL-60 promyelocytic cell model. Changes in activity due to structural modification of the core structure glaucarubolone (24) were consistent with activities reported in other cell systems. However, the following were novel SAR findings: (1) semisynthetic analogues with a hydroxylated ring at the beta-position of the ester side chain at C-15 were able to induce cellular differentiation at concentrations lower than those inducing cell growth arrest, and (2) quassinoids inhibiting DNA synthesis with greater efficacy than reducing cellular viability possessed alkyl substitutions at the alpha-position of the C-15 ester side chain. Analogues from this latter group and brusatol (1) and bruceantin (2) inhibited dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced preneoplastic lesion formation in a mouse mammary organ culture. The novel finding of 1 and glaucarubolone analogues as potent inducers of differentiation leads to potential novel applications in the field of cancer.
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MESH Headings
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/antagonists & inhibitors
- Animals
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- DNA/drug effects
- DNA/metabolism
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Female
- Glaucarubin/analogs & derivatives
- Glaucarubin/chemical synthesis
- Glaucarubin/chemistry
- Glaucarubin/pharmacology
- Glycosylation
- HL-60 Cells/drug effects
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/chemically induced
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Models, Biological
- Molecular Structure
- Nitroblue Tetrazolium/pharmacology
- Organ Culture Techniques
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Quassins
- Rats
- Simaroubaceae/chemistry
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Time Factors
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mata-Greenwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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10
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Seo EK, Kim NC, Mi Q, Chai H, Wall ME, Wani MC, Navarro HA, Burgess JP, Graham JG, Cabieses F, Tan GT, Farnsworth NR, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Macharistol, a new cytotoxic cinnamylphenol from the stems of Machaerium aristulatum. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:1483-1485. [PMID: 11720542 DOI: 10.1021/np0103158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new cinnamylphenol, macharistol (1), along with a known pterocarpan, (+)-medicarpin (2), were isolated as cytotoxic constituents from the stems of Machaerium aristulatum. In addition, a known pterocarpan, (+)-maackiain (3), and a known isoflavone, formononetin (4), were identified as inactive constituents. Compound 1 was evaluated in the in vivo hollow fiber assay with KB, Col-2, and hTERT-RPE1 cells and found to be inactive at the highest dose (25 mg/kg body weight) tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Seo
- Chemistry and Life Sciences, Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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11
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Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of an ethyl acetate-soluble extract from the whole plants of Broussonetia papyrifera, using an in vitro aromatase inhibition assay, led to the isolation of five new active compounds, 5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-geranylflavone (1), isogemichalcone C (8), 3'-[gamma-hydroxymethyl-(E)-gamma-methylallyl]-2,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalcone 11'-O-coumarate (9), demethylmoracin I (10), and (2S)-2',4'-dihydroxy-2' '-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)dihydrofuro[2,3-h]flavanone (11), and 10 known (12-21) compounds which were also found to be active. Of these compounds, the most potent were 9 (IC(50) 0.5 microM), 11 (IC(50) 0.1 microM), isolicoflavonol (12, IC(50) 0.1 microM), and (2S)-abyssinone II (13, IC(50) 0.4 microM). Additionally, six new compounds, 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-geranylflavonol (2), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxy-6-geranylflavone (3), (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxy-3'-prenylflavan (4), 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (5), 1-(2,4-dihydroxy-3-prenylphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (6), and 1-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-prenylphenyl)propane (7), were isolated and characterized, but proved to be inactive as aromatase inhibitors, as were an additional 21 known compounds. The structures of the new compounds (1-11) were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Structure-activity relationships in the aromatase assay were determined for the benzofurans, biphenylpropanoids, coumarins, and various types of flavonoids (chalcones, flavans, flavanones, and flavones) obtained among a total of 42 constituents of B. papyrifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lee
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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12
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Gu JQ, Park EJ, Luyengi L, Hawthorne ME, Mehta RG, Farnsworth NR, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Constituents of Eugenia sandwicensis with potential cancer chemopreventive activity. Phytochemistry 2001; 58:121-127. [PMID: 11524121 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A triterpenoid, 3beta-cis-p-coumaroyloxy-2alpha,23-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (1), and two natural products, 3beta-trans-p-coumaroyloxy-2alpha,23-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (2) and 23-trans-p-coumaroyloxy-2alpha,3beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (3), were isolated from a chloroform-soluble extract of the stems of Eugenia sandwicensis, along with 10 known compounds. Of these compounds, 2 showed significant inhibitory activity (79.2% at 4 microg/ml) in a 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mouse mammary organ culture assay system of relevance to cancer chemoprevention. Gallic acid was isolated as an antioxidative constituent of an ethyl acetate-soluble extract of E. sandwicensis stems. Isolates 1-3 were characterized on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence.
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MESH Headings
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/toxicity
- Animals
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/chemistry
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/isolation & purification
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology
- Biological Factors/chemistry
- Biological Factors/isolation & purification
- Biological Factors/pharmacology
- Boraginaceae/chemistry
- Coumaric Acids/chemistry
- Coumaric Acids/isolation & purification
- Female
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Conformation
- Organ Culture Techniques
- Plant Stems/chemistry
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Gu
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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13
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Zhao W, Ye Q, Tan X, Jiang H, Li X, Chen K, Kinghorn AD. Three new sesquiterpene glycosides from Dendrobium nobile with immunomodulatory activity. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:1196-1200. [PMID: 11575955 DOI: 10.1021/np0102612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Dendroside A (1) and dendronobilosides A and B (2 and 3), three new sesquiterpene glycosides, have been isolated from the stems of Dendrobium nobile, a plant used in Chinese traditional medicine. Their structures and stereochemistry were determined as 10beta,12,14-trihydroxyalloaromadendrane 14-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), 10,12-dihydroxypicrotoxane 10,12-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), and 6alpha,10,12-trihydroxypicrotoxane 10-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. Quantum chemistry calculations were used in support of the structural determination of 1. Compounds 1 and 2 were found to stimulate the proliferation of murine T and B lymphocytes in vitro, while compound 3 showed inhibitory activity in this same assay.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/chemistry
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/isolation & purification
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Chromatography, Thin Layer
- Concanavalin A/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Glucosides/chemistry
- Glucosides/isolation & purification
- Glucosides/pharmacology
- Glycosides/chemistry
- Glycosides/isolation & purification
- Glycosides/pharmacology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Lymphokines/chemistry
- Lymphokines/isolation & purification
- Lymphokines/pharmacology
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Medicine, Chinese Traditional
- Mice
- Molecular Structure
- Plant Lectins
- Plant Stems/chemistry
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Sesquiterpenes/chemistry
- Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purification
- Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology
- Spectrophotometry, Infrared
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
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14
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Lee D, Cuendet M, Vigo JS, Graham JG, Cabieses F, Fong HH, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. A novel cyclooxygenase-inhibitory stilbenolignan from the seeds of Aiphanes aculeata. Org Lett 2001; 3:2169-71. [PMID: 11440571 DOI: 10.1021/ol015985j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] Aiphanol (1), a novel stilbenolignan, along with isorhapontigenin (2), piceatannol (3), and luteolin, were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation from the seeds of Aiphanes aculeata Willd. (Arecaceae). The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Compound 1 is based on an unprecedented stilbenolignan skeleton in which a stilbene moiety is linked with a phenylpropane unit through a dioxane bridge. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant inhibitory activities against cyclooxygenases-1 and -2.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lee
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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15
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Lee D, Park EJ, Cuendet M, Axelrod F, Chavez PI, Fong HH, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Cyclooxygenase-inhibitory and antioxidant constituents of the aerial parts of Antirhea acutata. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:1565-8. [PMID: 11412982 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two new compounds, (6S)-hydroxy-29-nor-3,4-seco-cycloart-4(30),24-dien-3-oic acid (1) and 8-[1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl]epicatechin (3), were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation from the aerial parts of Antirhea acutata (DC.) Urb. (Rubiaceae). Compound 1 showed moderate inhibitory activities in cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 assays (IC(50) 43.7 and 4.7 microM, respectively), while compound 3 was active in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free-radical and cytochrome c reduction antioxidant assays (IC(50) 29.1 and 16.3 microM, respectively). Additionally, one further new compound was isolated, (3S,24S)-25-trihydroxy-9,19-cycloartane-29-oic acid (2), but this was inactive in the bioassay systems used. Compound 1 is based on the unprecedented 29-nor-3,4-seco-cycloartane skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lee
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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16
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Mi Q, Cui B, Silva GL, Lantvit D, Lim E, Chai H, You M, Hollingshead MG, Mayo JG, Kinghorn AD, Pezzuto JM. Pervilleine A, a novel tropane alkaloid that reverses the multidrug-resistance phenotype. Cancer Res 2001; 61:4030-7. [PMID: 11358822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
P-Glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux can yield a multidrug-resistance (MDR) phenotype that is associated with a poor response to cancer chemotherapy. Pervilleine A, a novel tropane alkaloid obtained from a chloroform extract of Erythroxylum pervillei as the result of bioactivity-guided fractionation, was found to restore the vinblastine sensitivity of cultured multidrug-resistant KB-V1 and CEM/VLB(100) cells, with IC(50) values of 0.36 and 0.02 microM, respectively. Similarly, the chemosensitivity of KB-8-5 cells to colchicine was restored with an IC(50) value of 0.61 microM. The mechanism of this response was evaluated with a number of model systems. First, incubation of multidrug-resistant KB-V1 and CEM/VLB(100) cells with up to 45 microM pervilleine A for 72 h did not significantly affect either the transcription of MDR1, as revealed by reverse transcriptional-PCR-based analysis of MDR1 mRNA, or levels of P-glycoprotein, as shown by Western blots. ATP-dependent binding of [(3)H]vinblastine observed with isolated multidrug-resistant KB-V1 cell membrane vesicles was inhibited by pervilleine A in a dose-dependent manner, and kinetic analysis indicted competitive inhibition with respect to vinblastine binding with a K(i) of 7.3 microM. Consistent with this effect, intracellular accumulation of [(3)H]vinblastine was increased from 0.18 pmol [(3)H]vinblastine/50 x 10(4) cells to approximately 5 pmol [(3)H]vinblastine/50 x 10(4) cells in the presence of 40 microM pervilleine A. To explore the potential relevance of these responses, KB-V1 or KB-8-5 cells were placed in hollow fibers and implanted into NCr nu/nu mice. Cell growth was not significantly inhibited when vinblastine or pervilleine A were administered as single agents, but when used in combination, inhibition of up to 75% was observed. Equimolar doses of verapamil were less effective. These data suggest that pervilleine A is an effective inhibitor of P-glycoprotein and should be further evaluated for clinical utility.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Colchicine/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Genes, MDR/drug effects
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- KB Cells/drug effects
- Phenotype
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tropanes/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Verapamil/pharmacology
- Vinblastine/pharmacokinetics
- Vinblastine/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Mi
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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17
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Mata-Greenwood E, Ito A, Westenburg H, Cui B, Mehta RG, Kinghorn AD, Pezzuto JM. Discovery of novel inducers of cellular differentiation using HL-60 promyelocytic cells. Anticancer Res 2001; 21:1763-70. [PMID: 11497257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Non-physiological inducers of terminal differentiation have been used as novel therapies for the prevention and therapy of cancer. We have used cultured HL-60 promyelocytic cells to monitor differentiation, proliferation and cell death events as induced by a large set of extracts derived from plants. Screening of more than 1400 extracts led to the discovery of 34 with potent activity (ED50 <8 mg/ml). Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of zapotin and 2',5,6-trimethoxyflavone as active principles from Casimiroa edulis, dibenzyltrisulfide and 2-[(phenylmethyl)dithio]ethanol as active principles from Petiveria alliacea, and desmethylrocaglamide from Aglaia ponapensis. Zapotin demonstrated the most favorable biological profile in that induction of differentiation correlated with proliferation arrest, and a lack of cytotoxicity. We conclude that the HL-60 cell model is a useful system for the discovery of novel pharmacophores with potential to suppress the process of carcinogenesis, and that flavonoids may be especially useful in this capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mata-Greenwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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18
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Park EJ, Lee D, Shin YG, Lantvit DD, van Breemen RB, Kinghorn AD, Pezzuto JM. Analysis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors using liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 2001; 754:327-32. [PMID: 11339276 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Employing high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry, we describe a new assay for monitoring 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity. Incubations were carried out with HMG-CoA reductase (rat liver), HMG-CoA and NADPH, and terminated by the addition of HCl. The reaction product, mevalonolactone, and internal standard, were extracted with ethyl acetate, dissolved in methanol, and analyzed by LC-MS. Using an isocratic mobile phase of 10% acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid (flow-rate, 0.2 ml/min), the protonated molecules of mevalonolactone at m/z 131 and internal standard, beta,beta-dimethyl-gamma-(hydroxymethyl)-gamma-butyrolactone, at m/z 145, were detected using selected ion monitoring. The limit of detection was approximately 6.5 pg, and the limit of quantitation was approximately 16.3 pg. Extraction recovery was >90%. The relative standard deviations for intra- and inter-day assays were approximately 4.1+/-2.7 and 9.4+/-3.4%, respectively. Mevalonolactone was examined over a period of 3 days and found to be stable. Using this assay, lovastatin and mevastatin inhibited HMG-CoA reductase activity with IC50 values 0.24+/-0.02 and 2.16+/-0.31 microM, respectively. These methods offer some advantages over those reported previously which employ radiolabeled substrate and products, and should be useful in searching for compounds that could lower serum cholesterol or alter cell growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Park
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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19
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Oberlies NH, Burgess JP, Navarro HA, Pinos RE, Soejarto DD, Farnsworth NR, Kinghorn AD, Wani MC, Wall ME. Bioactive constituents of the roots of Licania intrapetiolaris. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:497-501. [PMID: 11325234 DOI: 10.1021/np0005006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fractionation of a methanol extract of the roots of Licania intrapetiolaris, as directed by activity against the KB assay, has led to the isolation of two novel clerodane diterpenoids, intrapetacins A (1) and B (2), and the known triterpenoid cucurbitacin B (3). The structures of 1 and 2 were deduced from one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments, including relative stereochemical assignments based on NOESY correlations and COSY coupling constants. Compound 3 was the most potent against the KB assay, but both 1 and 2 displayed moderate cytotoxicity. When evaluated against an antifungal assay using Aspergillus niger, 2 caused a significant zone of inhibition of fungal growth, while 1 was completely inactive. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of bioactive compounds from the genus Licania.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Oberlies
- Chemistry and Life Sciences, Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2194, USA
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20
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Udeani GO, Zhao GM, Shin YG, Kosmeder JW, Beecher CW, Kinghorn AD, Moriarty RM, Moon RC, Pezzuto JM. Pharmacokinetics of deguelin, a cancer chemopreventive agent in rats. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2001; 47:263-8. [PMID: 11320671 DOI: 10.1007/s002800000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the pharmacokinetics of deguelin, a naturally occurring potential cancer chemopreventive agent, in rats. METHODS [3H]Deguelin was administered intravenously (i.v.) under anesthesia, and blood samples were collected over 24 h. [3H]Deguelin and metabolites were extracted from plasma with ethyl acetate, and quantified by HPLC. Data were analyzed with the WinNolin pharmacokinetic software package to determine pharmacokinetic parameters. A three-compartment first-order elimination model was used to fit the plasma concentration-time curve. In addition, deguelin concentrations in tissues after i.v. and intragastric (i.g.) administration were determined by HPLC, and excretion (feces and urine) was evaluated over a 5-day period after i.g. administration. RESULTS Deguelin exhibited a mean residence time (MRT) of 6.98 h and terminal half-life (t1/2(gamma)) of 9.26 h. The area under the curve (AUC) and total clearance (Cl) were 57.3 ng.h/ml and 4.37 l/h per kg, respectively, with an apparent volume of distribution (V) and volume of distribution at steady-state (Vss) of 3.421 l/kg and 30.46 l/kg, respectively. Following i.v. administration, the relative levels of tissue distribution were as follows: heart > fat > mammary gland > colon > liver > kidney > brain > lung. Following i.g. administration, the relative levels of tissue distribution were as follows: perirenal fat > heart > mammary gland > colon > kidney > liver > lung > brain > skin. Within 5 days of i.g. administration, about 58.1% of the [3H]deguelin was eliminated via the feces and 14.4% via the urine. Approximately 1.7% of unchanged deguelin was found in the feces, and 0.4% in the urine. CONCLUSIONS An initial pharmacokinetic investigation of deguelin showed that this rotenoid has a relatively long MRT and half-life in plasma in the rat. The compound distributed in the tissues and excreted as metabolites, mainly via the feces.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O Udeani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7230, USA
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21
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Ito A, Cui B, Chávez D, Chai HB, Shin YG, Kawanishi K, Kardono LB, Riswan S, Farnsworth NR, Cordell GA, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Cytotoxic polyacetylenes from the twigs of Ochanostachys amentacea. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:246-248. [PMID: 11430012 DOI: 10.1021/np000484c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided investigation of the twigs of Ochanostachys amentacea using LNCaP (hormone-dependent human prostate cancer) cells as a monitor led to the isolation of three alkynes, the known (S)-17-hydroxy-9,11,13,15-octadecatetraynoic acid (minquartynoic acid, 1) and two novel analogues, (S)-17,18-dihydroxy-9,11,13,15-octadecatetraynoic acid (2) and (S)-17-hydroxy-15E-octadecen-9,11,13-triynoic acid (3). Compounds 1-3 were tested against a panel of human tumor cell lines and found to be significantly cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ito
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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22
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Waffo-Teguo P, Lee D, Cuendet M, Mérillon J, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Two new stilbene dimer glucosides from grape (Vitis vinifera) cell cultures. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:136-8. [PMID: 11170689 DOI: 10.1021/np000426r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Two new stilbene dimer glucosides, resveratrol (E)-dehydrodimer 11-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and resveratrol (E)-dehydrodimer 11'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), were isolated together with the known resveratrol (E)-dehydrodimer (3) and pallidol (4) from Vitis vinifera cell cultures. The structures and stereochemistry of the new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 are dimers that belong to a new type of oligostilbene formed from a resveratrol unit and a resveratrol glucoside unit. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited nonspecific inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase-1 and -2, with IC(50) values in the range of 5 microM, whereas compound 4 was approximately 10-fold less active.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Waffo-Teguo
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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23
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Westenburg HE, Lee KJ, Lee SK, Fong HH, van Breemen RB, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Activity-guided isolation of antioxidative constituents of Cotinus coggygria. J Nat Prod 2000; 63:1696-1698. [PMID: 11141121 DOI: 10.1021/np000292h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Six constituents (1-6) were isolated from EtOAc-soluble partitions of two separate collections of the whole plants of Cotinus coggygria, namely, disulfuretin ¿2,2'-[1,2-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1, 2-ethanedylidene]bis[6-hydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone] (1)¿, sulfuretin (2), sulfurein (3), gallic acid (4), methyl gallate (5), and pentagalloyl glucose (6). The structure of the novel biaurone 1 was determined by spectral and chemical methods. Compounds 1-6 were found to be potent antioxidants in a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Westenburg
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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24
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Chang LC, Gills JJ, Bhat KP, Luyengi L, Farnsworth NR, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Activity-guided isolation of constituents of Cerbera manghas with antiproliferative and antiestrogenic activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:2431-4. [PMID: 11078194 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Two new cardenolides, (-)-14-hydroxy-3beta-(3-O-methyl-6-deoxy-alpha-L-rhamnosyl)-11a lpha, 12alpha-epoxy-(5beta,14beta,17betaH)-card-20 (22)-enolide (1), (-)-14-hydroxy-3beta-(3-O-methyl-6-deoxy-alpha-L-glucopyranosyl)-11al pha,12alpha-epoxy-(5beta,14beta,17betaH)-card -20(22)-enolide (2), and a known cardenolide, (-)-17beta-neriifolin (3), were isolated from the roots of Cerbera manghas as antiproliferative and antiestrogenic principles when evaluated against a human colon cancer cell line (Col2) and the Ishikawa cell line, respectively. Two known lignans, (-)-olivil (4) and (-)-cycloolivil (5), were also isolated but were inactive in the assay systems used.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Chang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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25
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Chang LC, Song LL, Park EJ, Luyengi L, Lee KJ, Farnsworth NR, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Bioactive constituents of Thuja occidentalis. J Nat Prod 2000; 63:1235-1238. [PMID: 11000026 DOI: 10.1021/np0001575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An ethyl acetate-soluble extract of the combined leaves and twigs of Thuja occidentalis was found to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in cultured mouse epidermal ME 308 cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of six active constituents (1-6), namely, (+)-7-oxo-13-epi-pimara-14,15-dien-18-oic acid (1), (+)-7-oxo-13-epi-pimara-8,15-dien-18-oic acid (2), (+)-isopimaric acid (3), (1S,2S,3R)-(+)-isopicrodeoxypodophyllotoxin (4), (-)-deoxypodophyllotoxin (5), and (-)-deoxypodorhizone (6). Compounds 1 and 4 are new natural products, and their structures and stereochemistry were determined using spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1-6 were evaluated for inhibition of the transformation of murine epidermal JB6 cells, inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase induction with murine epidermal ME 308 cells, and cytotoxic activity against KB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Chang
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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26
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Abstract
Five benzophenones, vismiaguianones A-E, and two benzocoumarins, vismiaguianins A and B were isolated from the CHCl3 extract of the roots of Vismia guianensis by bioassay-directed fractionation using the DNA strand-scission assay and KB cell line. Of the isolates obtained, vismiaguianone B exhibited DNA strand-scission activity, whereas vismiaguianones D and E and vismiaguianin A were found to be significantly cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Seo
- Chemistry and Life Sciences Group, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Abstract
The diethyl ether extract of Isodon excisus var. coreanus exhibited significant inhibitory activity in aromatase assay. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of three active compounds: inflexin (ent-1alpha-hydroxy-3beta,6a-diacetoxykaur-16-en-11,15-dione ) (1), ursolic acid (2), and ursolic acid 3-O-acetate (3).
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Jeong
- PCRPS and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
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28
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Peraza-Sánchez SR, Chávez D, Chai HB, Shin YG, García R, Mejía M, Fairchild CR, Lane KE, Menendez AT, Farnsworth NR, Cordell GA, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Cytotoxic constituents of the roots of Ekmanianthe longiflora. J Nat Prod 2000; 63:492-495. [PMID: 10785421 DOI: 10.1021/np990528l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Bioactivity-directed fractionation of the CHCl(3) extract of the roots of Ekmanianthe longiflora resulted in the isolation of three new natural products, (2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydro-3, 4-dihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1(2H)-naphthalenone (1), (2S,3R, 4R)-3,4-dihydro-3, 4-dihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1(2H)-naphthalenone (2), and (2R, 3aR,9R,9aR)-9-hydroxy-2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-2,3,3a,4,9 , 9a-hexahydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4-one (3), together with the known compounds 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-quinone (4), 2-acetylnaphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-quinone (5), dehydro-iso-alpha-lapachone (6), alpha-lapachone (7), catalponol, and epi-catalponol. The structures of 1-3 were determined using a combination of NMR spectroscopic techniques, and the absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 2 were obtained using Mosher ester methodology. Compounds 4-6 showed significant cytotoxicity in a panel of human cancer cells. alpha-Lapachone (7) exhibited only marginal activity, and catalponol and epi-catalponol were inactive in this regard. When tested at 72 mg/kg/injection in an in vivo mouse P-388 leukemia system, compound 4 was inactive (110% T/C).
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Peraza-Sánchez
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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29
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Seo EK, Chai HB, Chagwedera TE, Farnsworth NR, Cordell GA, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. 5-(4-Hydroxyphenethenyl)-4,7-dimethoxycoumarin, a new constituent of Monotes engleri. Planta Med 2000; 66:182-184. [PMID: 10763599 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new coumarin, 5-(4-hydroxyphenethenyl)-4,7-dimethoxycoumarin (1) was isolated from the combined ethyl acetate extracts of the root bark, root wood and stem bark of Monotes engleri, and found to be cytotoxic against two cell lines in a human tumor panel. Its structure was determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods.
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30
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Abstract
[structure: see text] Three novel flavonoids, (+)-tephrorins A (1) and B (2) and (+)-tephrosone (3), were isolated from Tephrosia purpurea. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectral analysis, and their absolute configurations were determined by Mosher ester methodology. Compounds 1 and 2 are flavanones containing an unusual tetrahydrofuran moiety. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their potential cancer chemopreventive properties using a cell-based quinone reductase induction assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Chang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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31
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Abstract
Two novel phenolic compounds from the leaves of Cornus controversa (Cornaceae) were characterized as (-)-2,3-digalloyl-4-(E)-caffeoyl-L-threonic acid and (-)-2-galloyl-4-(E)-caffeoyl-L-threonic acid, using spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lee
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA
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32
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33
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Abstract
Betulinic acid is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid. Betulinic acid has recently been selected by the National Cancer Institute for addition into the RAID (Rapid Access to Intervention in Development) programme. The agent exhibits potential anti-tumour activity and functions in this regard via apoptosis. The objective of the present study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of betulinic acid in CD-1 mice. Serum samples were obtained at designed times after a single 250 or 500 mg/kg intraperitoneal (IP) dose of betulinic acid. Tissue samples (skin, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, brain, colon, caecum, ovary, uterus, thymus, lymph node, bladder, perirenal fat, mammary gland and small intestine) were collected after betulinic acid administration (500 mg/kg). Betulinic acid was extracted with methylene chloride and quantitatively analysed by HPLC/MS. Oleanolic acid and madecassic acid were used as internal standards. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the WinNonlin pharmacokinetic software package. A two-compartment, first-order model was selected for pharmacokinetic modelling. The results showed that after IP 250 and 500 mg/kg betulinic acid, the serum concentrations reached peaks at 0.15 and 0.23 h, respectively. The 250 and 500 mg/kg above betulinic acid IP doses were found to have elimination half-lives of 11.5 and 11.8 h and total clearances of 13.6 and 13.5 L/kg/h, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters observed for IP betulinic acid 500 mg/kg in the skin of mice were as follows: k(a) (h(-1)) 0.257, k(10) (h(-1)) 0.234, t(1/2(alpha)) (h) 2.63, t(1/2(beta)) (h) 20.2, V (L/kg) 0.61, AUC (microg/h/mL) 3504, T(max) (h) 3.90 and C(max) (microg/mL) 300.9. The distribution of betulinic acid in tissues at 24 h post-IP administration in a descending order was as follows: perirenal fat, ovary, spleen, mammary gland, uterus, bladder, lymph node, liver, small intestine, caecum, lung, thymus, colon, kidney, skin, heart and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O Udeani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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34
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Seo EK, Huang L, Wall ME, Wani MC, Navarro H, Mukherjee R, Farnsworth NR, Kinghorn AD. New biphenyl compounds with DNA strand-scission activity from Clusia paralicola. J Nat Prod 1999; 62:1484-1487. [PMID: 10579857 DOI: 10.1021/np9900775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three new biphenyl derivatives, clusiparalicolines A (1), B (2), and C (3), were isolated from the roots of Clusia paralicola by bioassay-directed fractionation using the DNA strand-scission and the KB human cancer cell line cytotoxicity assays. Compounds 1 and 2 were found to be active in the DNA strand-scission assay, whereas all three compounds exhibited modest cytotoxicity against the KB cell line. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Seo
- Chemistry and Life Sciences Group, Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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35
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Cui B, Lee YH, Chai H, Tucker JC, Fairchild CR, Raventos-Suarez C, Long B, Lane KE, Menendez AT, Beecher CW, Cordell GA, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Cytotoxic sesquiterpenoids from Ratibida columnifera. J Nat Prod 1999; 62:1545-1550. [PMID: 10579870 DOI: 10.1021/np990260y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-directed fractionation of the flowers and leaves of Ratibida columnifera using a hormone-dependent human prostate (LNCaP) cancer cell line led to the isolation of 10 cytotoxic substances, composed of five novel xanthanolide derivatives (2-4, 7, and 8), a novel nerolidol derivative (9), and three known sesquiterpene lactones, 9alpha-hydroxy-seco-ratiferolide-5alpha-O-angelate+ ++ (1), 9alpha-hydroxy-seco-ratiferolide-5alpha-O-(2-methylbut yrate) (5), 9-oxo-seco-ratiferolide-5alpha-O-(2-methylbutyrate) (6), as well as a known flavonoid, hispidulin (10). On the basis of its cytotoxicity profile, compound 5 was selected for further biological evaluation, and was found to induce G1 arrest and slow S traverse time in parental wild type p53 A2780S cells, but only G2/M arrest in p53 mutant A2780R cells, with strong apoptosis shown for both cell lines. The activity of 5 was not mediated by the multidrug resistance (MDR) pump, and it was not active against several anticancer molecular targets (i.e., tubulin polymerization/depolymerization, topoisomerases, and DNA intercalation). While these results indicate that compound 5 acts as a cytotoxic agent via a novel mechanism, this substance was inactive in in vivo evaluations using the murine lung carcinoma (M109) and human colon carcinoma (HCT116) models.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cui
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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36
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Kim NC, Desjardins AE, Wu CD, Kinghorn AD. Activity of triterpenoid glycosides from the root bark of Mussaenda macrophylla against two oral pathogens. J Nat Prod 1999; 62:1379-1384. [PMID: 10543897 DOI: 10.1021/np9901579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Four new triterpenoid glycosides were isolated from the root bark of Mussaenda macrophylla. Their structures were determined as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-16alpha- hydrox y-23-deoxyprotobassic acid (1), 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-16alpha-hydroxy-23-deoxyprotobassic+ ++ acid (2), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-16alpha- hydrox yprotobassic acid (3), and 3-O-¿[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2 )-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)¿-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O- beta-D-glucopyranosyl-cycloarta-22,24-dien-27-oic acid (mussaendoside W, 4). Four known triterpenoids [3-O-acetyloleanolic acid (5), 3-O-acetyldaturadiol (6), rotundic acid (7), and 16alpha-hydroxyprotobassic acid (8)] were also isolated. The structures of 1-4 were determined by several spectroscopic techniques including 2D NMR methods. Compounds 1-6 showed inhibitory activity against a periodontopathic bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis, but were inactive against the cariogenic organism, Streptococcus mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Kim
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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37
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Seo EK, Wall ME, Wani MC, Navarro H, Mukherjee R, Farnsworth NR, Kinghorn AD. Cytotoxic constituents from the roots of Tovomita brevistaminea. Phytochemistry 1999; 52:669-674. [PMID: 10570828 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(99)00274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two known xanthones, trapezifolixanthone and manglexanthone were isolated as cytotoxic constituents from the CHCl3 extract of the roots of Tovomita brevistaminea by bioassay-guided fractionation using the KB cell line. In addition, a new compound, tovophenone C, and two known compounds, tovophenones A and B which are benzophenones, were found to be inactive constituents in this investigation. The structure of the new isolate was determined by detailed analysis of spectroscopic parameters including its 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Seo
- Chemistry and Life Sciences Group, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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38
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Ito A, Lee YH, Chai HB, Gupta MP, Farnsworth NR, Cordell GA, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. 1',2',3',4'-tetradehydrotubulosine, a cytotoxic alkaloid from Pogonopus speciosus. J Nat Prod 1999; 62:1346-1348. [PMID: 10514334 DOI: 10.1021/np990255u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation of the stems of Pogonopus speciosus, using human oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB) cells as a monitor, led to the isolation of a novel alkaloid, 1',2', 3',4'-tetradehydrotubulosine (1), along with tubulosine (2) and psychotrine (3) as bioactive constituents. The structure of the novel compound was elucidated through 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic methods. Alkaloids 1 and 3 showed weak cytotoxic activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines, with the potency of these compounds being markedly less than that of tubulosine (2).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ito
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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39
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Cui B, Chai H, Dong Y, Horgen FD, Hansen B, Madulid DA, Soejarto DD, Farnsworth NR, Cordell GA, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Quinoline alkaloids from Acronychia laurifolia. Phytochemistry 1999; 52:95-98. [PMID: 10466225 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(99)00039-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-directed fractionation of a root extract of Acronychia laurifolia (Rutaceae) using the KB-V1+ human tumor cell line led to the isolation of six quinoline alkaloids. One of these alkaloids is novel, namely, 2,3-methylenedioxy-4,7-dimethoxyquinoline and the other five were identified as the known compounds, evolitrine, gamma-fagarine, skimmianine, kokusaginine and maculosidine. Two known bis-tetrahydrofuran lignans, sesamolin and yangambin, were also identified. The structure of the new alkaloid was determined by spectroscopic methods. All of the isolates were evaluated against a panel of human cancer cell lines; four of the alkaloids showed weak cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cui
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA
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40
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Abstract
Abrusoside A methyl ester was prepared from abrusogenin through methylation (CH2N2) and a subsequent coupling reaction with 1-chloro-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acethylglucopyranose in the presence of AgOTf and TMU in CH2Cl2, followed by deacetylation using K2CO3 in MeOH-H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Kim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA
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41
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Lee SK, Luyengi L, Gerhäuser C, Mar W, Lee K, Mehta RG, Kinghorn AD, Pezzuto JM. Inhibitory effect of munetone, an isoflavonoid, on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity. Cancer Lett 1999; 136:59-65. [PMID: 10211940 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(98)00309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Starting with an extract derived from the bark of Mundulea sericea Willd. (Leguminosae) that was active in the process of inhibiting 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC) in cultured mouse epidermal ME 308 cells, the isoflavonoid munetone was isolated and identified as an active principle (IC50 = 46 ng/ml). Topical application of munetone (0.04-5 micromol) to the skin of CD-1 mice 2 h prior to treatment with TPA (10 nmol) resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of epidermal ODC activity. In addition, munetone inhibited TPA-independent c-Myc-induced ODC activity with cultured BALB/c c-MycER cells, as well as 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced preneoplastic lesion formation in a mouse mammary gland organ culture (MMOC) system. These data suggest the potential of munetone to serve as a cancer chemopreventive agent by virtue of blocking the process of tumor promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Lee
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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42
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Chung HS, Chang LC, Lee SK, Shamon LA, van Breemen RB, Mehta RG, Farnsworth NR, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Flavonoid constituents of Chorizanthe diffusa with potential cancer chemopreventive activity. J Agric Food Chem 1999; 47:36-41. [PMID: 10563845 DOI: 10.1021/jf980784o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An ethyl acetate-soluble extract of Chorizanthe diffusa was found to exhibit significant antioxidant activity, as judged by scavenging stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals and inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced free radical formation with cultured HL-60 cells. Bioassay-directed fractionation of this extract using the DPPH antioxidant assay as a monitor led to the isolation of five structurally related flavonoids (1-5), including the novel compound 5,8,3',4',5'-pentahydroxy-3, 7-dimethoxyflavone (1). Isolates 1-5 demonstrated varying degrees of antioxidant or antimutagenic activity. Two of the compounds, 5,7,3', 4'-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone (2) and quercetin (4), were subsequently found to inhibit carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions in a mouse mammary organ culture model. Inhibitory activity of this type is known to correlate with cancer chemopreventive effects in full-term models of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Chung
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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43
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Kinghorn AD, Ito A, Kennelly EJ, Kim NC, Westenburg HE. Studies on some edible and medicinal plants of Mesoamerica. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 1998; 41:253-8. [PMID: 9836302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A D Kinghorn
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA
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44
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Cui B, Chai H, Santisuk T, Reutrakul V, Farnsworth NR, Cordell GA, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Novel cytotoxic acylated oligorhamnosides from Mezzettia leptopoda. J Nat Prod 1998; 61:1535-1538. [PMID: 9868159 DOI: 10.1021/np980270j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Activity-guided fractionation of a stem extract of Mezzettia leptopoda using human oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB) cells led to the isolation of seven highly acylated oligorhamnosides. Four of these constituents are novel, namely, n-octyl 2-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-2, 4-di-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-4-O-hexanoyl-alpha-L-rh amnopyranoside (mezzettiaside 8) (1); n-octyl 2, 3-di-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-4-O-hexanoyl-alpha-L-rh amnopyranoside (mezzettiaside 9) (2); n-octyl 2, 4-di-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-4-O-hexanoyl-alpha-L-rh amnopyranoside (mezzettiaside 10) (3); and n-octyl 2,3, 4-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-4-O-hexanoyl-alpha-L-r hamnopyranoside (mezzettiaside 11) (4). Three known compounds were identified as mezzettiasides 2 (5), 3 (6), and 4 (7), respectively, previously isolated from this same plant. The structures of novel compounds 1-4 were determined by spectroscopic methods. All the isolates were evaluated against a panel of human cancer cell lines in this study, and compounds 1-2 and 4-7 were found to be weakly cytotoxic toward KB and/or human colon and lung cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cui
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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45
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Lee SK, Cui B, Mehta RR, Kinghorn AD, Pezzuto JM. Cytostatic mechanism and antitumor potential of novel 1H-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran lignans isolated from Aglaia elliptica. Chem Biol Interact 1998; 115:215-28. [PMID: 9851291 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2797(98)00073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A total of five 1H-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran lignans (1-5) isolated from the stems of Aglaia elliptica B1. (Meliaceae) inhibited the growth of human cancer cells in culture. Of particular note, the IC50 values observed with 1 (methyl rocaglate), 2 (4'-demethoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxy-methyl rocaglate) and 5 (1-O-formyl-4'-demethoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxy-methyl rocaglate) were in the 1-30 ng/ml range. Prompted by the high potency of these responses, additional studies were performed with 2, a structurally representative isolate that was available in sufficient quantity as a result of the isolation process. Utilizing cultured Lu1 (human lung carcinoma) cells as a model, compound 2 induced accumulation in the G1/G0 phase of the cell cycle after 24 or 32 h of incubation; normal cell-cycle dynamics were observed at subsequent time periods. Cell proliferation was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, but during the course of wash-out experiments, colony formation was not reduced. In addition, as judged by [3H]leucine incorporation, the test compound strongly inhibited protein biosynthesis (IC50 = 25 ng/ml). In analogous studies, nucleic acid biosynthesis was not reduced, even when cells were treated with concentrations as high as 1 microg/ml. These data suggest inhibition of protein synthesis is a key mode of action, and the compound functions by a cytostatic mechanism. Utilizing a human breast cancer cell line (BC1) sensitive to compound 2 in culture (IC50 = 0.9 ng/ml), an initial assessment of antitumor potential was performed. In accord with the in vitro results, the growth of BC1 in athymic mice was delayed by treatment with compound 2 (10 mg/kg body weight, three times per week, i.p.). Body weight was unaffected and no signs of overt toxicity were observed. However, growth paralleled that of the control group at later time points. Thus, novel 1H-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran lignans are potent cytostatic inhibitors of protein biosynthesis and are capable of delaying tumor growth in an in vivo model. Their full clinical or basic utility requires further investigation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Benzofurans/isolation & purification
- Benzofurans/pharmacology
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- DNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- DNA, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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46
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Abstract
A chloroform extract of the roots of the Egyptian Salvia lanigera Poir. afforded two new orthoquinones, lanigerone (8-hydroxy-3-isopropyl-7-methyl-1,2-naphthoquinone) and salvigerone (methyl 1,10-seco-5(10),6,8,13-abietatetraene-11,12-dion-1-oate) together with two known diterpenoids, arucadiol and pisiferal. Structural assignments of the new compounds were based on spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, MS, ID- and 2D-NMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Lee
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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47
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Chang LC, Bhat KP, Pisha E, Kennelly EJ, Fong HH, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Activity-guided isolation of steroidal alkaloid antiestrogen-binding site inhibitors from Pachysandra procumbens. J Nat Prod 1998; 61:1257-1262. [PMID: 9784163 DOI: 10.1021/np980162x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Four novel steroidal alkaloids, (+)-(20S)-20-(dimethylamino)-3-(3'alpha-isopropyl)-lactam-5alpha-+ ++preg n-2-en-4-one (1), (+)-(20S)-20-(dimethylamino)-16alpha-hydroxy-3-(3'alpha-isopropyl) -la ctam-5alpha-pregn-2-en-4-one (2), (+)-(20S)-3-(benzoylamino)-20-(dimethylamino)-5alpha-pregn-2-en-++ +4beta -yl acetate (3), and (+)-(20S)-2alpha-hydroxy-20-(dimethylamino)-3beta-phthalimido-5 alpha- pregnan-4beta-yl acetate (4), as well as five known compounds, (-)-pachyaximine A (5), (+)-spiropachysine (6), (+)-axillaridine A (7), (+)-epipachysamine D (8), and (+)-pachysamine B (9), were isolated from Pachysandra procumbens, using a bioassay-guided fractionation based on inhibition of 3H-tamoxifen binding at the antiestrogen binding site (AEBS). Compounds 1-7 and 9 demonstrated significant activity as AEBS-inhibitory agents, and compounds 3, 5 and 9 were found to potentiate significantly the antiestrogenic effect mediated by tamoxifen in cultured Ishikawa cells. The structure elucidation of compounds 1-4 was carried out by spectral data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Chang
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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48
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Abstract
There is a definite relationship between the dietary consumption of sucrose and the incidence of dental caries. Noncaloric sucrose substitutes for use in the sweetening of foods, beverages, and medicines may be either synthetic compounds or natural products. In the United States, four potently sweet artificial sweeteners are approved, namely, saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame potassium, and sucralose. Highly sweet plant constituents are used in Japan and some other countries, including the diterpene glycoside stevioside and the protein thaumatin. Recent progress in a research project oriented towards the discovery and evaluation of novel potentially noncariogenic sweeteners from plants has focused on substances in the sesquiterpenoid, diterpenoid, triterpenoid, steroidal saponin, and proanthocyanidin structural classes. The feasibility of using Mongolian gerbil electrophysiological and behavioral assays to monitor the sweetness of plant extracts, chromatographic fractions, and pure isolates has been investigated. An in vivo cariogenicity study on the commercially available natural sweeteners stevioside and rebaudioside A has been carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Kinghorn
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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49
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Lee SK, Qing WG, Mar W, Luyengi L, Mehta RG, Kawanishi K, Fong HH, Beecher CW, Kinghorn AD, Pezzuto JM. Angoline and chelerythrine, benzophenanthridine alkaloids that do not inhibit protein kinase C. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:19829-33. [PMID: 9677417 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.31.19829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting with an extract derived from the stem of Macleaya cordata (Papaveraceae) that was active in the process of inhibiting phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding to partially purified protein kinase C (PKC), the benzophenanthridine alkaloid angoline was isolated and identified. This discovery appeared in context, as a related benzophenanthridine alkaloid, chelerythrine, has been reported to mediate a variety of biological activities, including potent and selective inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC). However, in our studies, angoline was not observed to function as a potent inhibitor of PKC. Moreover, we were unable to confirm the reported inhibitory activity of chelerythrine. In a comprehensive series of studies performed with various PKC isozymes derived from a variety of mammalian species, neither chelerythrine nor angoline inhibited activity with high potency. To the contrary, chelerythrine stimulated PKC activity in the cytosolic fractions of rat and mouse brain in concentrations up to 100 microM. In addition, chelerythrine and angoline did not inhibit [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding to the regulatory domain of PKC at concentrations up to 40 microg/ml, and no significant alteration of PKC-alpha, -beta, or -gamma translocation was observed with human leukemia (HL-60) cells in culture. Further, chelerythrine did not inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity with cultured mouse 308 cells, but angoline was active in this capacity with an IC50 value of 1.0 microg/ml. A relatively large number of biological responses have been reported in studies conducted with chelerythrine, and alteration of PKC activity has been considered as a potential mechanism of action. In light of the current report, mechanisms independent of PKC inhibition should be considered as responsible for these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Lee
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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50
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Gamez EJ, Luyengi L, Lee SK, Zhu LF, Zhou BN, Fong HH, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Antioxidant flavonoid glycosides from Daphniphyllum calycinum. J Nat Prod 1998; 61:706-708. [PMID: 9599286 DOI: 10.1021/np9800203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A novel flavonoid diglycoside, 5,6,7,4'-tetrahydroxyflavonol 3-O-rutinoside (1), and a previously known compound, kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside (2), were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of Daphniphyllum calycinum leaves that showed significant activity in a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical assay. The structure of 1 was elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods, and compounds 1 and 2 were found to be moderately active as antioxidants in the DPPH assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Gamez
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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