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Reliability of the Expanded Cutting Alignment Scoring Tool (E-CAST) to Assess Trunk and Limb Alignment During a 45-Degree Side-Step Cut. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2022; 17:456-465. [PMID: 35391867 PMCID: PMC8975584 DOI: 10.26603/001c.33045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current clinical screening tools assessing risky movements during cutting maneuvers do not adequately address sagittal plane foot and ankle evaluations. The Cutting Alignment Scoring Tool (CAST) is reliable in evaluating frontal plane trunk and lower extremity alignment during a 45-degree side-step cut. The Expanded Cutting Alignment Scoring Tool (E-CAST) includes two new sagittal plane variables, knee flexion and ankle plantarflexion angle. Hypothesis/Purpose To assess the inter-and intra-rater reliability of the E-CAST to evaluate trunk and lower extremity alignment during a 45-degree side-step cut. Study Design Repeated Measures. Methods Participants included 25 healthy females (13.8 ± 1.4 years) regularly participating in cutting or pivoting sports. Participants were recorded performing a side-step cut in frontal and sagittal planes. One trial was randomly selected for analysis. Two physical therapists independently scored each video using the E-CAST on two separate occasions, with randomization and a two-week wash-out between rounds. Observed movement variables were awarded a score of "1", with higher scores representing poorer technique. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and 95% confident intervals (95% CI) were calculated for the total score, and a kappa coefficient (k) was calculated for each variable. Results The cumulative intra-rater reliability was good (ICC=0.78, 95% CI 0.59-0.96) and the cumulative inter-rater reliability was moderate (ICC=0.71, 95% CI 0.50-0.91). Intra-rater kappa coefficients ranged from moderate to excellent for all variables (k= 0.50-0.84) and inter-rater kappa coefficients ranged from slight to excellent for all variables (k=0.20-0.90). Conclusion The addition of two sagittal plane variables resulted in lower inter-rater ICC compared to the CAST (ICC= 0.81, 95% CI 0.64-0.91). The E-CAST is a reliable tool to evaluate trunk and LE alignment during a 45-degree side-step cut, with good intra-rater and moderate inter-rater reliability. Level of Evidence Level 2, Diagnosis.
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Reliability of the Cutting Alignment Scoring Tool (CAST) to Assess Trunk and Limb Alignment During a 45-Degree Side-Step Cut. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2021; 16:312-321. [PMID: 33842027 PMCID: PMC8016420 DOI: 10.26603/001c.21419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis is considered the gold standard for evaluating human movement. However, its clinical utility is limited due to cost, operating expertise, and lengthy data processing time. Numerous qualitative scoring systems have been introduced to assess trunk and lower extremity biomechanics during functional tasks. However, the reliability of qualitative scoring systems to evaluate cutting movements is understudied. Purpose/Hypotheses: To assess the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Cutting Alignment Scoring Tool (CAST) among sports medicine providers and to evaluate rater agreement of each component of the CAST. The hypotheses were: 1) there would be good-to-excellent inter-rater and intra-rater reliability among sports medicine providers, 2) there would be good to almost perfect agreement for cut width and trunk lean variables and moderate to good agreement for valgus variables of the CAST. STUDY DESIGN Repeated Measures. METHODS Ten videos of a 45-degree side-step cut performed by adolescent athletes were independently rated on two occasions by six raters (2 medical doctors, 2 physical therapists, and 2 athletic trainers). The variables assessed include trunk lean to the opposite direction of the cut, increased cut width, knee valgus at initial load acceptance (static), and knee valgus throughout the task (dynamic). Variables were scored as either present, which were given a score of "1", or not present, which were given a score of "0". Video sequence was randomized in each rating session, and a two-week wash out period was given. RESULTS The cumulative inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities were good (ICC: 0.808 and ICC: 0.753). Almost perfect kappa coefficients were recorded for cut width (k=0.949). Moderate kappa coefficients were found for trunk lean (k= 0.632) and fair kappa coefficients were noted for dynamic and static valgus (k=0.462 and k= 0.533 respectively). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the CAST is a reliable tool to evaluate trunk and LE alignment during a cutting task by sports medicine providers. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 2 Diagnosis.
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Characterization of the Streptococcus sobrinus acid-stress response by interspecies microarrays and proteomics. Mol Oral Microbiol 2011; 25:331-42. [PMID: 20883222 DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1014.2010.00580.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are considered the primary organisms responsible for human dental caries. The ability to generate acids and to adapt to low pH conditions is directly associated with the cariogenic potential of these bacteria. To survive acidic conditions, both species have been shown to mount an acid-tolerance response (ATR). However, previous characterization of the S. sobrinus ATR identified critical differences in the mechanisms of acid adaptation between S. mutans and S. sobrinus. Here, interspecies microarray and proteomic approaches were used to identify novel, previously unrecognized genes and pathways that participate in the S. sobrinus acid-stress response. The results revealed that, among other things, metabolic alterations that enhance energy generation and upregulation of the malolactic fermentation enzyme activity constitute important acid-resistance properties in S. sobrinus. Some of these acid adaptive traits are shared by S. mutans and might be considered optimal targets for therapeutic treatments designed to control dental caries.
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Abstract
With the advent of fast imaging hardware and specialized software, additional non-invasive magnetic resonance characterization of tumors has become available through proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), hemodynamic imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Thus, patterns could be discerned to discriminate different types of tumors and even to infer their possible evolution in time. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between MRS, DWI, histopathology and Ki-67 labeling index in a large number of brain tumors. Localized proton spectra were obtained in 47 patients with brain tumors who subsequently underwent surgery (biopsy or tumor removal). We performed MRS with short echo-time (30 ms) and metabolic values in spectra were measured using an external software with 25 peaks. In all patients who had DWI, we measured apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) in the same region of interest (ROI) where the voxel in MRS was located. In most tumors the histological diagnosis and Ki-67 labeling index had been determined on our original surgical specimen. Cho/Cr, (Lip+Mm)/Cr, NAA/(Cho+Cr) and Glx/Cr indexes in MRS allowed discriminating between low- and high-grade gliomas and metastases (MTs). Likewise, absolute ADC values differentiated low- from high-grade gliomas expressed by Ki-67 labeling index. A novel finding was that high Glx/Cr in vivo MRS index (similar to other known indexes) was a good predictor of tumor grading.
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Inhibition of glutamate carboxypeptidase II by phosphonamidothionate derivatives of glutamic acid. JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION 2001; 16:359-65. [PMID: 11916141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
A limited series of N-thiophosphonyl-glutamates were found to be inhibitors of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) form of glutamate carboxypeptidase II. Comparative inhibitory profiles of an analogous O-thiophosphonyl-2-hydroxyglutarate revealed that the amido-linkage of the N-thiophosphonyl-glutamate provides a significant enhancement of inhibitory potency presumably due to significant hydrogen-bonding interactions with acceptor groups in the active-site of PSMA resulting in tighter binding. An analogous N-phosphonyl-glutamate exhibited significantly greater inhibitory potency than the parent N-thiophosphonyl-glutamate indicating that the sulfur ligand of the N-thiophosphonyl-glutamates is responsible for less favorable active-site interactions than oxygen, potentially due to steric crowding from the longer P-S bond or as a result of active-site metal substitution of Co(II) for Zn(II) arising from assay conditions.
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PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PRA) of Mycobacterium leprae from human lepromas and from a natural case of an armadillo of Corrientes, Argentina. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSY AND OTHER MYCOBACTERIAL DISEASES : OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL LEPROSY ASSOCIATION 2001; 69:21-5. [PMID: 11480312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PRA) which relies on the amplification of a 439-bp portion of the hsp65 gene present in all mycobacteria, followed by two distinct digestions (with BstEII and HaeIII) of the PCR product, offers a rapid and easy alternative that allows identification of the species without the need for specialized equipment. Wild leprosy in the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) is characterized by the presence of multiple bacilli in internal organs such as lymph nodes, spleen and liver, as well as in nerves and skin. We could observe this in 9 out of 132 animals captured in Corrientes, Argentina, an area endemic for leprosy in humans. Mycobacterium leprae were recognized in those naturally infected animals through different techniques. Three samples of extracted DNA of the mycobacteria present in the spleen, liver and popliteal lymph node of a naturally infected animal during the Experimental Program in Armadillo (PEA) and three samples of human lepromas were processed by PRA. The patterns of the six samples analyzed were identical and were characteristic of M. leprae. These studies, made for the first time in Argentina, corroborate the initial discoveries in South America made by our investigative group on the detection of armadillos naturally infected with the Hansen bacillus.
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Intercellular adhesion can be visualized using fluorescently labeled fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells cocultured with hematopoietic cell lines or CD34(+) enriched human mobilized peripheral blood cells. CYTOMETRY 2000; 40:119-25. [PMID: 10805931 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0320(20000601)40:2<119::aid-cyto5>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intercellular contacts between adjacent cells migrating over each other are important in many cellular processes. However, it has been difficult to visualize and identify dynamic intercellular adhesions between migrating cells in situ. METHODS Two fluorescent membrane dyes, PKH2 and PKH26 for staining HT1080 and hematopoietic cells and cell lines, and an automated fluorescence microscopy system were used to monitor intercellular adhesion. RESULTS Cellular extensions connecting two or more adjacent cells were visualized, showing the intercellular adhesion between migrating cells for minutes and up to hours. After cells adhered to each other, followed by cell migration in different directions, cellular extensions were dragged from the pivotal contact points in different focal planes. CD34(+)-enriched mobilized peripheral blood cells and six hematopoietic cell lines showed intercellular connections in cocultures with HT1080. However, the frequency of intercellular connections was variable in different cocultures. A cell density of about 3.1 x 10(4) cells/cm(2) for both cell lines in cocultures provided an adequate number of cells in each field of view, showing up to four intercellular connections per 100 total cells plated. DISCUSSION The tools derived from this study will open new areas of investigation for understanding the mechanism of the intercellular adhesion process.
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Extension of osmolality-induced podia is observed from fluorescently labeled hematopoietic cell lines in hyperosmotic medium. CYTOMETRY 2000; 40:109-18. [PMID: 10805930 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0320(20000601)40:2<109::aid-cyto4>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the description of long podia extended by hematopoietic cells and cell lines, the reliable elicitation of podia extensions is needed to study these podia systemically. In this study, hyperosmotic stress was considered as an elicitor. METHODS Using two fluorescent membrane dyes PKH2 and PKH26, and an automated fluorescence microscopy system, morphological changes of seven human cell lines (six hematopoietic, one fibrosarcoma) at different osmolalities were monitored. Presence of surface molecules on the hyperosmolality-induced podia (osmopodia) was examined. RESULTS In hyperosmotic medium, cells shrank rapidly, followed by osmopodia extension. Cells exhibited variable number (up to five) and length (up to longer than 100 microm) of osmopodia in about 1 h. Dead cells did not extend podia. Frequency, length, and number of podia were variable among cell lines studied. CD44 and CD45 were not present on the osmopodia, although they were present on the cell surface, showing that osmopodia characteristics differ from the podia observed previously in isotonic media. The osmopodia extension process was shown to be reversible upon repeated osmolality changes. CONCLUSIONS Osmopodia extended by human hematopoietic cell lines display a newly observed cellular morphology and provide a tool for investigation of dynamic cellular response to environmental changes.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently reported that CD34(+) hematopoietic cells and the KG1a cell line extend long, thin podia. These podia can dynamically extend and retract, often adhere to the substrate, and appear to connect cells up to 300 microm apart. The surface receptors found on these podia have not been described. METHODS By using time-lapse fluorescent microscoscopy and immunostaining techniques, we describe a method for detecting surface receptors on these podia. This includes an in situ antibody staining procedure without fixing cells. RESULTS We demonstrate, using CD34 selected mobilized peripheral blood cells and KG1a cells, that adhesion molecules known to play important roles in blood-cell migration and adhesion are present on these podia. These include: CD11a, CD18, CD29, CD34, CD45, CD49d, CD49e, and CD62L. Additionally, CD54 and CD44 were present on the podia extended by KG1a cells, but were not detectable on the primary CD34(+) cells. The integrin CD49d localized at the base of these podia in a time-dependent manner in KG1a cells. The frequency and morphology of these long podia on three myeloid leukemia-cell lines (KG1a, MV4-11, and AML-193) and a CD34-negative T-cell line (CEM) are also compared. KG1a and CEM cell lines extend long, dynamic podia that are similar to the podia on primary CD34(+) cells in morphology and adhesion molecule expression. The AML-193 and MV4-11 cell lines, however, did not extend these long podia. CONCLUSIONS We describe a technique that provides a method of detecting surface receptors on thin cell membrane projections. These results support the likely role of these podia in cell migration and cell-cell communication.
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Position effects of variable region carbohydrate on the affinity and in vivo behavior of an anti-(1-->6) dextran antibody. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1999; 162:2162-70. [PMID: 9973491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
IgG is a glycoprotein with an N-linked carbohydrate structure attached to the CH2 domain of each of its heavy chains. In addition, the variable regions of IgG often contain potential N-linked carbohydrate addition sequences that frequently result in the attachment of V region carbohydrate. Nonetheless, the precise role of this V region glycan remains unclear. Studies from our laboratory have shown that a naturally occurring somatic mutant of an anti-dextran Ab that results in a carbohydrate addition site at Asn58 of the VH has carbohydrate in the complementarity-determining region 2 (CDR2) of the VH, and the presence of carbohydrate leads to an increase in affinity. However, carbohydrate attached to nearby positions within CDR2 had variable affects on affinity. In the present work we have extended these studies by adding carbohydrate addition sites close to or within all the CDRs of the same anti-dextran Ab. We find that carbohydrate is attached to all the novel addition sites, but the extent of glycosylation varies with the position of the site. In addition, we find that the position of the variable region carbohydrate influences some functional properties of the Ab, including those usually associated with the V region such as affinity for Ag as well as other characteristics typically attributed to the Fc such as half-life and organ targeting. These studies suggest that modification of variable region glycosylation provides an alternate strategy for manipulating the functional attributes of the Ab molecule and may shed light on how changes in carbohydrate structure affect protein conformation.
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Repression of yeast Ste12 transcription factor by direct binding of unphosphorylated Kss1 MAPK and its regulation by the Ste7 MEK. Genes Dev 1998; 12:2887-98. [PMID: 9744865 PMCID: PMC317171 DOI: 10.1101/gad.12.18.2887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/1998] [Accepted: 07/24/1998] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Kss1 has a dual role in regulating filamentous (invasive) growth of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The stimulatory function of Kss1 requires both its catalytic activity and its activation by the MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) Ste7; in contrast, the inhibitory function of Kss1 requires neither. This study examines the mechanism by which Kss1 inhibits invasive growth, and how Ste7 action overcomes this inhibition. We found that unphosphorylated Kss1 binds directly to the transcription factor Ste12, that this binding is necessary for Kss1-mediated repression of Ste12, and that Ste7-mediated phosphorylation of Kss1 weakens Kss1-Ste12 interaction and relieves Kss1-mediated repression. Relative to Kss1, the MAPK Fus3 binds less strongly to Ste12 and is correspondingly a weaker inhibitor of invasive growth. Analysis of Kss1 mutants indicated that the activation loop of Kss1 controls binding to Ste12. Potent repression of a transcription factor by its physical interaction with the unactivated isoform of a protein kinase, and relief of this repression by activation of the kinase, is a novel mechanism for signal-dependent regulation of gene expression.
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Prediction and detection of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle: an overview. ADVANCES IN CONTRACEPTION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF CONTRACEPTION 1997; 13:131-8. [PMID: 9288330 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006539518493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Distinct means have been developed to answer an increasing demand and need for methods that can accurately predict and detect the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle and fit various indications and changing situations of women's reproductive life. Methods based on the detection of direct fertility markers, such as hormonal tests and ultrasound, are more objective and accurate than traditional markers based on indirect markers, but cost and dependence on supplies limit their application. Nevertheless, these methods could be used during a few cycles either as support in the teaching phase or in difficult cases and for specific indications. Likewise, some new devices designed to facilitate recording and calculation of fertility signals could be combined with clinical methods to improve prediction and detection of the fertile phase. Besides the search for new fertility markers and the development of new methods, the possibility of combining already existing methods would certainly improve use-effectiveness and acceptance.
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Prediction and detection of the fertile period: the markers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY AND MENOPAUSAL STUDIES 1995; 40:139-55. [PMID: 7663541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and duration of the fertile period in women are strictly related to the time of ovulation. Since the only positive confirmation of ovulation is the identification of an ovum in the female reproductive tract or the subsequent detection of a pregnancy, the prediction and detection of its occurrence have to be based on markers or indicators that lie at varying physiological distances from ovulation itself. These may be variations in hormones and other substances that can be detected in different body fluids or the evidence of their effects on specific target organs. Recent advances in the knowledge of reproductive physiology have allowed the identification of distinct substances and biological phenomena that accompany the occurrence of the fertile period. This article is intended to update and classify the available fertility markers based on their particular nature and modality of expression and, additionally, consider the temporal relationship between the appearance of their specific signals and the time of ovulation. Consequently, those indicators directly related to changes at the ovarian level were defined as direct markers, including ovarian morphology, the reproductive hormones, and the intraovarian regulatory proteins, whereas those reflecting variations observed in different target organs were considered indirect markers, and were further qualified as biochemical, biophysical, and clinical. Subsequently, fertility markers were classified as prospective, immediate, or retrospective, depending on whether they allow the prediction, detection, or confirmation of the ovulatory event, respectively.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine CA-125 levels in cervical mucus (CM) during the menstrual cycle and their relationship to gonadal steroids and ovulation. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Two academic tertiary referral centers. PARTICIPANTS Thirteen women with a normal fertility work-up. INTERVENTIONS CA-125 and protein concentrations were measured in CM aspirated from the endocervical canal on alternate days in the early follicular and luteal phases and on a daily basis during the periovulatory period. Results were correlated with hormonal determinations, serum CA-125 levels, and ultrasound examination. RESULTS Twenty ovulatory nonconceptional cycles were analyzed. Although the mean (+/- SD) concentration of CA-125 in CM (173,900 +/- 128,900 arbitrary U/mL) appeared relatively constant along the cycle, a large variation among the different samples was observed, ranging from 9,000 to 830,000 arbitrary U/mL. No clear trend could be detected as related to hormonal changes and ovulation. However, when the mucus CA-125 concentration was multiplied by the total volume of the correspondent sample, a clear periovulatory increase of total CA-125 levels was found. This was further supported by a similar trend showed by the calculated CA-125:protein concentration ratio. CONCLUSIONS CA-125 is present in CM in high concentrations that vary widely along the cycle. Although no cyclical variation in CA-125 concentration could be determined, there was an apparent increase of total CA-125 levels parallel to the augmented mucus production during the periovulatory period. This further suggests a possible involvement of this glycoprotein in the secretory process of endocervical glands.
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Time schedules of intrauterine insemination after urinary luteinizing hormone surge detection and pregnancy results. Gynecol Endocrinol 1994; 8:1-5. [PMID: 8059611 DOI: 10.3109/09513599409028450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) test (LH Color, Organon, Oss, The Netherlands), was used to time intrauterine insemination in 177 cycles. Morning and evening urine samples were tested. In 58 women (33%) the test was positive in the morning urine sample. Fifteen of these patients were inseminated 8-10 h thereafter and one patient (6.7%) conceived. The remaining 43 women were inseminated the following day, 25-31 h after LH detection, and seven pregnancies (16.3%) ensued. In 119 cycles showing a positive urinary test in the evening sample, insemination was performed the next day, between 17 and 23 h after the LH surge, and 18 patients (15.1%) became pregnant. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in pregnancy rates between the three different schedules, or in the time of insemination between conceptional and non-conceptional cycles within each group. Most ovulations occurred between 16 and 28 h after the positive test was observed. These findings suggest that while the lifespan of the gametes allows a relatively long period for fertilization, from 8 to 31 h after urinary LH surge detection, better results may be expected when inseminating about 24 (+/- 6) h after the positive test.
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The reliability, acceptability and applications of basal body temperature (BBT) records in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1992; 47:121-7. [PMID: 1459325 DOI: 10.1016/0028-2243(92)90041-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The possibilities and limitations of basal body temperature (BBT) records as an adjunct in the management of infertility were re-evaluated. To assess its accuracy as an index of ovulation, 172 charts were analyzed by three different physicians. While the average true positive rate was 90%, the false negative rate was only 2%. The remaining graphs (8%) were classified as non-interpretable, probably reflecting measurement problems. Retrospective assessment of 210 biphasic records showed the thermal nadir to occur within 1 day of the urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in 75% of the cases, and in 90% when 2 days where considered. This confirms BBT as a relatively accurate guide for retrospective identification of the periovulatory period. Moreover, results of a study conducted to investigate how patients experienced daily recording of BBT graphs suggest that the method is well accepted by a high proportion of women. From all these it appears that there are many indications where BBT graphs can still be applied. Development of new electronic devices may further improve the reliability, acceptability and applications of the BBT records in the fertility investigation.
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A longitudinal study of porcine serological responses to experimental infections with T-1 and T-3 Spanish Trichinella isolates. J Helminthol 1992; 66:231-7. [PMID: 1452998 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00014619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Comparison of antibody response and antigen recognition was made by ELISA and western-blot analysis in pig experimental infections by T-1 and T-3 Spanish Trichinella isolates. Two groups of Iberian pigs were experimentally infected with 150 larvae/kg body weight of GM-1 and C-76 Spanish Trichinella isolates as representatives of T-1 and T-3 gene pools respectively. Antibody levels and antigen recognition were measured on days -14, 0, 6, 16, 20, 27, 34, 49, 63 and 82 after infection by ELISA and western-blotting assays. Antibody response against C-76 infection was significantly delayed and lower than against GM-1. The two Trichinella isolates were indistinguishable, however, by western blotting analysis, although recognition of larval antigens was quantitatively higher than adult ones. Interestingly, the principle larval antigenic components recognized by pigs were those recognized by the monoclonal anti-sera NIM-M1. Finally, there were no serological patterns indicative of the stage of infection ("antibody windows") discriminating, for example between early versus late infections.
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Abstract
In this study, intrauterine insemination (IUI) was timed either after the detection of a urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) surge at home by the patient (group A), or following a positive LH test as interpreted by the gynaecologist (group B). Afterwards, samples tested by the patient were retested by the gynaecologist and vice versa. The gynaecologist also rechecked his own findings and the results were correlated with ultrasound data and charts of basal body temperature. Forty-seven cycles were evaluated. The patient's and the gynaecologist's readings agreed (+/- 12 h) in 42 of the cases (89%), and in five cycles (11%) a difference greater than 24 h was found. The intra-observer variation in the gynaecologist's results was +/- 12 h in four cycles (8.5%). These findings suggest that the LH test can be used as a reliable home device for the prediction of pending ovulation and timing of IUI.
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Abstract
A rapid urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) test was used to plan a late luteal phase endometrial biopsy from 20 women undergoing an infertility evaluation. Histologic dating was correlated with the day of urinary LH surge detection, the day of the basal body temperature (BBT) nadir, and the onset of the next menstrual period (NMP). From 17 interpretable specimens, histologic dating correlated well with the day of the biopsy as determined following a positive LH test detection (P = 0.079). No correlation was found following the BBT shift (P = 0.65), and it was significantly correlated with the NMP (P = 0.016). Moreover, the urinary LH test showed to be the best method to predict the onset of the NMP. These findings confirm urinary LH testing as a valuable adjunct in the investigation of luteal phase disorders.
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A controlled study of human chorionic gonadotrophin induced ovulation versus urinary luteinizing hormone surge for timing of intrauterine insemination. Hum Reprod 1991; 6:1247-51. [PMID: 1752926 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty-eight patients in a programme of intrauterine insemination (IUI) were randomized in a cross-over study. All were stimulated with clomiphene citrate (CC) and inseminated either after follicular rupture induced by human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) or after a spontaneous urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. The HCG was administered when follicles of 18-22 mm in diameter were observed on ultrasound and IUI was performed 37-40 h thereafter. The monitoring of a urinary LH peak was carried out using a rapid urinary LH test. IUI took place approximately 22 h after detection of the LH surge. Overall, the pregnancy rates were 9.3% (4/43) after HCG induced ovulation and 20.5% (9/44) after spontaneous ovulation (P = 0.12). Analysis of mid-cycle events showed that following sonographic criteria, the HCG injection was performed significantly earlier in the cycle compared with the spontaneous LH surge. In addition, the mean diameter of the preovulatory follicles was significantly smaller and insemination was substantially earlier in the HCG induced cycles. These findings suggest that a beneficial effect arises from allowing the natural process of final follicular maturation to occur.
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Urinary luteinizing hormone testing and prediction of ovulation in spontaneous, clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropin-stimulated cycles. A clinical evaluation. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA 1991; 124:357-63. [PMID: 1903234 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.1240357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A urinary luteinizing hormone test was utilized to predict ovulation in 99 spontaneous, 122 clomiphene citrate, and 82 human menopausal gonadotropin stimulated cycles. Tests were performed in early morning and evening specimens and follicular development was monitored by daily ultrasonography. A positive detection rate of 98, 97, and 94%, respectively, was obtained. Evidence of luteinized unruptured follicles was seen more frequently in stimulated cycles, concurring with negative test results. In 2 spontaneous, 1 clomiphene citrate and 5 hMG induced cycles two distinct LH surges were detected concomitant with a pattern of follicular atresia and subsequent new follicular development. Most ovulations occurred between 16 and 28 h after LH detection, significantly earlier in spontaneous than in clomiphene citrate stimulated cycles (p less than 0.02), whereas pre-ovulatory follicles were larger in the clomiphene citrate group (p less than 0.001). The mean duration of the follicular and luteal phases, as calculated from the LH peak, was substantially shorter in the hMG cycles than in the other two groups (p less than 0.001).
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Pregnancy rates after timed intercourse or intrauterine insemination after human menopausal gonadotropin stimulation of normal ovulatory cycles: a controlled study. Fertil Steril 1991; 55:258-65. [PMID: 1899393 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Forty-eight patients with male (n = 16) or idiopathic (n = 32) infertility were stimulated with human menopausal gonadotropin. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) or natural intercourse were performed after either human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-induced or spontaneous, urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) surge-monitored ovulation. A total of 148 cycles were analyzed. In 40 cycles treated with hCG-induced ovulation and IUI, 3 (7.5%) patients conceived, whereas 37 women accomplished natural intercourse after hCG-induced ovulation and 2 (5.5%) became pregnant. When inseminated after a spontaneous LH surge, 3 (8.8%) of 34 patients achieved a pregnancy; no conception occurred in 37 spontaneously ovulatory cycles combined with timed intercourse. Pregnancy rates did not substantially differ between the treatment modalities or between mono-ovulatory and polyovulatory cycles. The cycle characteristics between spontaneous ovulatory and hCG-induced cycles significantly did differ.
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N3-arylspiroimidazolidine-2,4-diones N3-arylspiroimidazolidine-2-thio-4-ones and 4-hydroxy derivatives. Synthesis and anthelmintic activity. FARMACO (SOCIETA CHIMICA ITALIANA : 1989) 1990; 45:1237-43. [PMID: 2088366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of new N3-arylciclohexanespiroimidazolidine-2,4-diones, N3-arylciclohexanespiroimidazolidine-2-tio-4-ones and the 4-hydroxy derivatives is described and their structures discussed on the basis of I.R. and 1H-N.R.M. data. The anthelmintic activity of these compounds was tested.
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Intrauterine insemination does and clomiphene citrate does not improve fecundity in couples with infertility due to male or idiopathic factors: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Fertil Steril 1990; 53:847-53. [PMID: 2185042 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53520-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present prospective study we compared, in terms of pregnancy rates, the differences between intrauterine insemination (IUI) of in vitro capacitated husband's semen and timed natural intercourse in spontaneous or clomiphene citrate (CC) stimulated cycles. A rapid urinary luteinizing hormone peak detection test was used for timing of ovulation. Forty patients suffering from longstanding infertility of male (n = 17), cervical (n = 2), and idiopathic (n = 21) origin were randomly assigned into four distinct treatment modalities during 4 consecutive cycles. A total of 132 cycles were analyzed. In 35 cycles treated with CC plus IUI, five conceptions were achieved, whereas three pregnancies occurred in 32 inseminated spontaneous cycles. Only 1 patient conceived after timed intercourse in 31 CC stimulated cycles, and no pregnancy resulted from 34 spontaneous cycles combined with timed intercourse. There was a statistically significant higher conception rate in cycles in which IUI was performed, whereas the use of CC does not seem to improve the pregnancy rate. Analysis of results for other modifying factors did not substantially affect the relative risk (odds ratio) of pregnancy.
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New derivatives of 5-nitroimidazole: synthesis and antiparasitic activity. FARMACO (SOCIETA CHIMICA ITALIANA : 1989) 1989; 44:1095-107. [PMID: 2701965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and the antiparasitic evaluation of twelve new 5-nitroimidaole derivatives has been carried out. The most effective compounds were the less hydrophilic pyridinium and imidazolium salts (IV), (V) and (X), and above all the tetrahydropyridine derivatives (XII) and (XIII).
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Abstract
The effect of ECT on insulin plasma levels was studied in 10 single treatments in five patients suffering from DSM III-diagnosed schizophrenia. The treatments were chosen from early, middle and late ordinal positions. A significant rise was found 10, 20 and 30 min after an effective electrical stimulus. Values returned to normal in all cases at 60 min. The rise at 10 min occurred in all treatments, irrespective of ordinal position, but an incidental finding was that the higher the ordinal position of a given treatment, the higher the peak of insulin.
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[Smoking and pregnancy. I. Prevalence of the smoking habit among pregnant women]. AMB : REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA 1983; 29:4-6. [PMID: 6605556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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29
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[Smoking and pregnancy. II. Impact on the fetus]. AMB : REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA 1983; 29:7-9. [PMID: 6605557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Abstract
ACE activity of the serum of 52 normal pregnant women was measured in vitro under conditions of substrate saturation with Hip-His-Leu as substrate. The product His-Leu was measured by fluorimetry after reaction with o-phthaldehyde. ACE activity (nmol/min/ml serum) was 30.6 +/- 7.8, 28.8 +/- 7.4, and 30.9 +/- 8.2 for the first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy, respectively. No statistically significant differences (p greater than 0.05) in ACE activity were detected among the three trimesters of normal pregnancy with either serum volume or serum protein as reference value. These values are within the range reported by Friedland and Silverstein13 for 51 male and seven female healthy blood bank donors. We conclude that the evolution of normal pregnancy does not significantly modify the levels of ACE in peripheral blood serum.
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[Maternal mortality in the Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto (USP) from 1957 to 1977. Pt. 1: Incidence (Author's transl)]. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE GINECOLOGIA 1979; 88:63-7. [PMID: 12278421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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Plasma renin activity in the intervillous space of the human placenta, in umbilical vessels and in maternal peripheral venous blood. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISAS MEDICAS E BIOLOGICAS 1978; 11:141-4. [PMID: 684262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured by bioassay in the maternal and fetal compartments: intervellous space of the placenta (IVS), maternal peripheral venous blood (MPVB), umbilical artery (A) and vein (V), in a group of normal parturients and their respective fetuses, also normal. The material was collected simultaneously from mother and fetus in the third phase of delivery. PRA valuses in the IVS of the placenta were higher than those observed in the umbilical vein, and similar to those found in the MPVB. PRA values in the umbilical cord vessels behaved as if being part of only one compartment. The mechanisms of regulation of plasma renin activity on the maternal side seem to be independent from those on the fetal side, at least under physiological condition.
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[Radiologic prognosis of intra-uterine fetal weight]. AMB : REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA 1978; 24:189-90. [PMID: 309145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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34
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[Value of meconium emission during labor]. AMB : REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA 1978; 24:179-83. [PMID: 308680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Bradykininogen values in blood plasma collected from human intervillous space: relation between its content from maternal peripheric plasma and from plasma of umbilical vessels. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISAS MEDICAS E BIOLOGICAS 1974; 7:183-4. [PMID: 4850817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Studies with methyridine and Trichinella spiralis. 2. The use of the drug to study the rate of larval production in mice. J Helminthol 1970; 44:357-63. [PMID: 5505357 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00022021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
It has not been easy to study the rate at which female Trichinella spiralis produce their offspring. Phillipson and Kershaw (1961) described a method of repeatedly grinding and washing infected muscle to collect immature larvae so that one could determine the number of larvae born by the time the animal was killed but their method is unsuitable for dealing with the large number of animals that would be needed for a thorough study of this aspect of the infection. We have sought a method of studying this important factor in the host-parasite relationship.
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The prophylactic effect of haloxon against experimental Trichinella spiralis infections in rats. ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY 1968; 62:63-6. [PMID: 5679821 DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1968.11686530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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[Obstetrical care in the city of Ribeirão Prêto (Sp) in the years 1956 to 1962]. MATERNIDADE E INFANCIA; ARQUIVOS MEDICOS-SOCIAIS 1965; 24:117-23. [PMID: 5840312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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39
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[The milk-ejecting effect of synthetic oxytocin in the puerperium]. REVISTA DE GINECOLOGIA E D'OBSTETRICIA 1965; 116:Suppl 1:7-21. [PMID: 5897712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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