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Chen S, Saqib M, Khan HS, Bai Y, Ashfaq UA, Mansoor MK, Moming A, Liu J, Zhou M, Niazi SK, Wu Q, Sial AUR, Tang S, Sarfraz MH, Javed A, Hayat S, Khurshid M, Khan I, Athar MA, Taj Z, Zhang B, Deng F, Zohaib A, Shen S. Risk of infection with arboviruses in a healthy population in Pakistan based on seroprevalence. Virol Sin 2024:S1995-820X(24)00037-3. [PMID: 38599520 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by arboviruses are a public health concern in Pakistan. However, the studies on data prevalence and threats posed by arboviruses are limited. This study investigated the seroprevalence of arboviruses in a healthy population in Pakistan, including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), Tamdy virus (TAMV), and Karshi virus (KSIV) based on a newly established luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assays, and Zika virus (ZIKV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Neutralizing activities against these arboviruses were further examined from the antibody positive samples. The results showed that the seroprevalence of SFTSV, CCHFV, TAMV, KSIV, and ZIKV was 17.37%, 7.58%, 4.41%, 1.10%, and 6.48%, respectively, and neutralizing to SFTSV (1.79%), CCHFV (2.62%), and ZIKV (0.69%) were identified, as well as to the SFTSV-related Guertu virus (GTV, 0.83%). Risk factors associated with the incidence of exposure and levels of antibody response were analyzed. Moreover, co-exposure to different arboviruses was demonstrated, as thirty-seven individuals were having antibodies against multiple viruses and thirteen showed neutralizing activity. Males, individuals aged ≤40 years, and outdoor workers had high risk of exposure to arboviruses. All these results reveal the substantial risks of infection with arboviruses in Pakistan, and indicate the threat from co-exposure to multiple arboviruses. The findings raise the need for further epidemiologic investigation in expanded regions and populations and the necessity to improve health surveillance in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | | | - Yuan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Abulimti Moming
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Qiaoli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Awais-Ur-Rahman Sial
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Shuang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Muhammad Hassan Sarfraz
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sumreen Hayat
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-campus, Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ammar Athar
- Department of Molecular Pathology, National Medical Center DHA Phase 1, Karachi 75500, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Taj
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Ali Zohaib
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Shu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan 430200, China.
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Arshad N, Shakeel M, Javed A, Perveen F, Saeed A, Ahmed A, Ismail H, Channar PA, Naseer F. Exploration of newly synthesized amantadine-thiourea conjugates for their DNA binding, anti-elastase, and anti-glioma potentials. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130231. [PMID: 38368975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Three newly synthesized amantadine thiourea conjugates namely MS-1 N-(((3 s,5 s,7 s)-adamantan-1-yl)carbamothioyl)benzamide, MS-2 N-(((3 s,5 s,7 s)-adamantan-1-yl)carbamothioyl)-4-methylbenzamide and MS-3 N-((3 s,5 s,7 s)-adamantan-1-ylcarbamothioyl)-4-chlorobenzamide were investigated for their structures, bindings (DNA/ elastase), and for their impact on healthy and cancerous cells. Theoretical (DFT/docking) and experimental {UV-visible (UV-), fluorescence (Flu-), and cyclic voltammetry (CV)} studies indicated binding interactions of each conjugate with DNA and elastase enzyme. Theoretically and experimentally calculated binding parameters for conjugate - DNA interaction revealed MS-3 - DNA to have most significant binding with comparatively greater values of binding parameters {(Kb/M-1: docking, 3.8 × 105; UV-, 5.95 × 103; Flu-,1.55 × 105; CV, 1.52 × 104), (∆G/ kJmol-1: docking, -32.09; UV-, -22.40; Flu-,-30.81; CV, -24.82)}. The docked structures, greater bindings site size values (n), and the trend in DNA viscosity changes in the presence of each conjugate concentration confirmed a mixed binding mode of interaction among them. Conjugate - elastase binding by docking agreed with the experimental anti-elastase findings. Cytotoxicity studies of each tested conjugate demonstrated greater cytotoxicity for cancerous (MG-U87) cells in comparison to control, while for the normal (HEK-293) cells the cytotoxicity was found comparatively low. Overall exploration suggested that MS-3 is the most effective candidate for DNA binding, anti-elastase, and for anti-glioma activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasima Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shakeel
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences & Technology- NUST, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fouzia Perveen
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences & Technology - NUST, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Atteeque Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, 50700 Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Pervaiz Ali Channar
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Naseer
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences & Technology - NUST, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ejaz M, Zohaib A, Usman M, Anwar MM, Khan HS, Ammar M, Saqib M, Khan SG, Athar MA, Mansoor MK, Ullah A, Naseem M, Hussain MH, Javed A. Genotypic analysis of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from sporadic symptomatic cases in Pakistan. Infect Genet Evol 2024; 118:105567. [PMID: 38342162 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Pakistan is the fifth most populous nation in the world and faces several challenges, including devastating floods, sub-optimal sanitary conditions, clustered accommodations, and unregulated cross-border movements. These drastic population shifts make it vulnerable to the efficient spread of the Hepatitis E virus (HEV). The current study analyzed the genotypic characteristics and variants of the Hepatitis E virus circulating in the population of Pakistan. A total of 75 ELISA-IgM positive samples were collected from three metropolitan cities: Lahore, Peshawar, and Karachi, and subjected to viral RNA extraction. The amplification of the HEV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region was done using Nested PCR and degenerate primers. Out of the total, 40% of the samples were positive for HEV RNA. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis identified the new HEV isolates as Subtype 1 g, a subtype within an existing HEV genotype 1. This shift warrants investigation into its impact on clinical manifestation and disease severity. Importantly, this study marks the first HEV subtype analysis in Pakistan, contributing valuable insights into subtype diversity and prevalence in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momina Ejaz
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Zohaib
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Anwar
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ammar
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Ghani Khan
- Chemical Pathology Department, Dr. Ziauddin University Hospital, Clifton, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ammar Athar
- Department of Molecular Pathology, National Medical Center DHA Phase 1, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ahsaan Ullah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mehvish Naseem
- Department of Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hammad Hussain
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
| | - Aneela Javed
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Khan R, Aslam Khan MU, Stojanović GM, Javed A, Haider S, Abd Razak SI. Fabrication of Bilayer Nanofibrous-Hydrogel Scaffold from Bacterial Cellulose, PVA, and Gelatin as Advanced Dressing for Wound Healing and Soft Tissue Engineering. ACS Omega 2024; 9:6527-6536. [PMID: 38371763 PMCID: PMC10870282 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is currently one of the fastest-growing areas of engineering, requiring the fabrication of advanced and multifunctional materials that can be used as scaffolds or dressings for tissue regeneration. In this work, we report a bilayer material prepared by electrospinning a hybrid material of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and bacterial cellulose (BC NFs) (top layer) over a highly interconnected porous 3D gelatin-PVA hydrogel obtained by a freeze-drying process (bottom layer). The techniques were combined to produce an advanced material with synergistic effects on the physical and biological properties of the two materials. The bilayer material was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a water contact measurement system (WCMS). Studies on swelling, degradability, porosity, drug release, cellular and antibacterial activities were performed using standardized procedures and assays. FTIR confirmed cross-linking of both the top and bottom layers, and SEM showed porous structure for the bottom layer, random deposition of NFs on the surface, and aligned NFs in the cross section. The water contact angle (WCA) showed a hydrophilic surface for the bilayer material. Swelling analysis showed high swelling, and degradation analysis showed good stability. The bilayer material released Ag-sulfadiazine in a sustained and controlled manner and showed good antibacterial activities against severe disease-causing gram + ive and -ive (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacterial strains. In vitro biological studies were performed on fibroblasts (3T3) and human embryonic kidneys (HEK-293), which showed desirable cell viability, proliferation, and adhesion to the bilayer. Thus, the synergistic effect of NFs and the hydrogel resulted in a potential wound dressing material for wound healing and soft tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawaiz Khan
- Faculty
of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
- Biomedical
Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- BioInspired
Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical
Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81300, Malaysia
| | - Goran M. Stojanović
- Department
of Electronics, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Aneela Javed
- Department
of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Haider
- Chemical
Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saiful Izwan Abd Razak
- BioInspired
Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical
Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81300, Malaysia
- Sports
Innovation
& Technology Centre, Institute of Human Centred Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81300, Malaysia
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5
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Khan IN, Navaid S, Waqar W, Hussein D, Ullah N, Khan MUA, Hussain Z, Javed A. Chitosan-Based Polymeric Nanoparticles as an Efficient Gene Delivery System to Cross Blood Brain Barrier: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:169. [PMID: 38399386 PMCID: PMC10893193 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the field of gene therapy, but effective treatments for brain tumors remain challenging due to their complex nature. Current treatment options have limitations, especially due to their inability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and precisely target cancer cells. Therefore options that are safer, more effective, and capable of specifically targeting cancer cells are urgently required as alternatives. This current study aimed to develop highly biocompatible natural biopolymeric chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) as potential gene delivery vehicles that can cross the BBB and serve as gene or drug delivery vehicles for brain disease therapeutics. The efficiency of the CNPs was evaluated via in vitro transfection of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-tagged plasmid in HEK293-293 and brain cancer MG-U87 cell lines, as well as within in vivo mouse models. The CNPs were prepared via a complex coacervation method, resulting in nanoparticles of approximately 260 nm in size. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis revealed that the CNPs had better cell viability (85%) in U87 cells compared to the chemical transfection reagent (CTR) (72%). Moreover, the transfection efficiency of the CNPs was also higher, as indicated by fluorescent emission microscopy (20.56% vs. 17.79%) and fluorescent-activated cell sorting (53% vs. 27%). In vivo assays using Balb/c mice revealed that the CNPs could efficiently cross the BBB, suggesting their potential as efficient gene delivery vehicles for targeted therapies against brain cancers as well as other brain diseases for which the efficient targeting of a therapeutic load to the brain cells has proven to be a real challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishaq N. Khan
- MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan;
| | - Shiza Navaid
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Walifa Waqar
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Deema Hussein
- Neurooncology Translational Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Najeeb Ullah
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Zakir Hussain
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
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Javed A, Qadir MO, Lee S, Mitra A, Tyagi A, Sharma A, Lett K, Ch'ng S. Rethinking the urgency priority system in round hole detachments, which should be done first? Macula on or macula off. Eye (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41433-024-02930-8. [PMID: 38279039 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-02930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Javed
- Vitreo-Retinal Department, Birmingham Midlands Eye Unit, Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
| | - M O Qadir
- Vitreo-Retinal Department, Birmingham Midlands Eye Unit, Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Lee
- Vitreo-Retinal Department, Birmingham Midlands Eye Unit, Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Mitra
- Vitreo-Retinal Department, Birmingham Midlands Eye Unit, Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Tyagi
- Vitreo-Retinal Department, Birmingham Midlands Eye Unit, Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Sharma
- Vitreo-Retinal Department, Birmingham Midlands Eye Unit, Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - K Lett
- Vitreo-Retinal Department, Birmingham Midlands Eye Unit, Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Ch'ng
- Vitreo-Retinal Department, Birmingham Midlands Eye Unit, Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Javed A, Habib S, Ayub A. Evolution of protein domain repertoires of CALHM6. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16063. [PMID: 38188152 PMCID: PMC10768655 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2 +) homeostasis is essential in conducting various cellular processes including nerve transmission, muscular movement, and immune response. Changes in Ca2 + concentration in the cytoplasm are significant in bringing about various immune responses such as pathogen clearance and apoptosis. Various key players are involved in calcium homeostasis such as calcium binders, pumps, and channels. Sequence-based evolutionary information has recently been exploited to predict the biophysical behaviors of proteins, giving critical clues about their functionality. Ion channels are reportedly the first channels developed during evolution. Calcium homeostasis modulator protein 6 (CALHM6) is one such channel. Comprised of a single domain called Ca_hom_mod, CALHM6 is a stable protein interacting with various other proteins in calcium regulation. No previous attempt has been made to trace the exact evolutionary events in the domain of CALHM6, leaving plenty of room for exploring its evolution across a wide range of organisms. The current study aims to answer the questions by employing a computational-based strategy that used profile Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) to scan for the CALHM6 domain, integrated the data with a time-calibrated phylogenetic tree using BEAST and Mesquite, and visualized through iTOL. Around 4,000 domains were identified, and 14,000 domain gain, loss, and duplication events were observed at the end which also included various protein domains other than CALHM6. The data were analyzed concerning CALHM6 evolution as well as the domain gain, loss, and duplication of its interacting partners: Calpain, Vinculin, protein S100-A7, Thioredoxin, Peroxiredoxin, and Calmodulin-like protein 5. Duplication events of CALHM6 near higher eukaryotes showed its increasing complexity in structure and function. This in-silico phylogenetic approach applied to trace the evolution of CALHM6 was an effective approach to get a better understanding of the protein CALHM6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Javed
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabahat Habib
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aaima Ayub
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ayaz M, Alam A, Zainab, Assad M, Javed A, Islam MS, Rafiq H, Ali M, Ahmad W, Khan A, Latif A, Al-Harrasi A, Ahmad M. Biooriented Synthesis of Ibuprofen-Clubbed Novel Bis-Schiff Base Derivatives as Potential Hits for Malignant Glioma: In Vitro Anticancer Activity and In Silico Approach. ACS Omega 2023; 8:49228-49243. [PMID: 38173864 PMCID: PMC10764114 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This research work is based on the synthesis of bis-Schiff base derivatives of the commercially available ibuprofen drug in outstanding yields through multistep reactions. Structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by the help of modern spectroscopic techniques including high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity using a normal human embryonic kidney HEK293 cell and U87-malignant glioma (ATCC-HTB-14) as a cancer cell line. All of the synthesized compounds among the series exhibited excellent to less antiproliferative activity having IC50 values ranging from 5.75 ± 0.43 to 150.45 ± 0.20 μM. Among them, compound 5e (IC50 = 5.75 ± 0.43 μM) was found as the most potent antiprolifarative agent, while 5f, 5b, 5a, 5n, 5r, 5s, 5g, 5q, 5i, and 5j exhibited good activity with IC50 values from 24.17 ± 0.46 to 43.71 ± 0.07 μM. These findings suggest that these cells (HEK293) are less cytotoxic to the activities of compounds and increase the cancer cell death in brain, while the lower cytotoxicity of the potent compounds in noncancerous cells suggests that these derivatives will provide promising treatment for patients suffering from brain cancer. The results of the docking study exposed a promising affinity of the active compounds toward casein kinase-2 enzyme, which shows green signal for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18800, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18800, Pakistan
| | - Zainab
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei
Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Mohammad Assad
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa 23200, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Molecular
Immunology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology Atta-Ur-Rahman
School of Applied Biosciences, National
University of Sciences and Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Shahidul Islam
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Rafiq
- Molecular
Immunology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology Atta-Ur-Rahman
School of Applied Biosciences, National
University of Sciences and Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18800, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18800, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and
Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, PC 616 Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abdul Latif
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18800, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and
Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, PC 616 Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18800, Pakistan
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Naveed M, Ishfaq H, Rehman SU, Javed A, Waseem M, Makhdoom SI, Aziz T, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF. GC-MS profiling of Bacillus spp. metabolites with an in vitro biological activity assessment and computational analysis of their impact on epithelial glioblastoma cancer genes. Front Chem 2023; 11:1287599. [PMID: 38116103 PMCID: PMC10728721 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1287599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bacterial metabolites play a crucial role in human health and have proven effective in treating various diseases. In this study, the 16S rRNA method and streaking were employed to isolate and molecularly identify a bacterial strain, with the goal of characterizing bioactive volatile metabolites extracted using nonpolar and polar solvents. Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was conducted to identify 29 compounds in the bacterial metabolites, including key compounds associated with Bacillus spp. The main compounds identified included 2-propanone, 4,4-ethylenedioxy-1-pentylamine, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,1-butoxy-1-isobutoxy-butane, and 3,3-ethoxycarbonyl-5-hydroxytetrahydropyran-2-one. Results: The literature indicates the diverse biological and pharmacological applications of these compounds. Different concentrations of the metabolites from Bacillus species were tested for biological activities, revealing significant inhibitory effects on anti-diabetic activity (84.66%), anti-inflammatory activity (99%), antioxidant activity (99.8%), and anti-hemolytic activity (90%). Disc diffusion method testing also demonstrated a noteworthy inhibitory effect against tested strains. Conclusion: In silico screening revealed that 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid exhibited anticancer activity and promising drug-designing properties against epithelial glioblastoma cancer genes. The study highlights the potential of Bacillus spp. as a valuable target for drug research, emphasizing the significance of bacterial metabolites in the production of biological antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Huda Ishfaq
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shafique Ur Rehman
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Izma Makhdoom
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Aziz
- Department of Agriculture University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F. Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shafqat I, Shahzad S, Yasmin A, Chaudhry MT, Ahmed S, Javed A, Afzal I, Bibi M. Characterization and applications of glutaminase free L-asparaginase from indigenous Bacillus halotolerans ASN9. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288620. [PMID: 38015853 PMCID: PMC10683992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) is a versatile anticancer and acrylamide reduction enzyme predominantly used in medical and food industries. However, the high specificity of L-asparaginase formulations for glutamine, low thermostability, and blood clearance are the major disadvantages. Present study describes production, characterization, and applications of glutaminase free extracellular L-asparaginase from indigenous Bacillus halotolerans ASN9 isolated from soil sample. L-asparaginase production was optimized in M9 medium (containing 0.2% sucrose and 1% L-asparagine) that yielded maximum L-ASNase with a specific activity of 256 U mg-1 at pH 6 and 37°C. L-asparaginase was purified through acetone precipitation and Sephadex G-100 column, yielding 48.9 and 24% recovery, respectively. Enzyme kinetics revealed a Vmax of 466 mM min-1 and Km of 0.097 mM. Purified L-ASNase showed no activity against glutamine. The purified glutaminase free L-ASNase has a molecular mass of 60 kDa and an optimum specific activity of 3083 U mg-1 at pH 7 and 37°C. The enzyme retains its activity and stability over a wide range of pH and temperature, in the presence of selected protein inhibitors (SDS, β-mercaptoethanol), CoCl2, KCl, and NaCl. The enzyme also exhibited antioxidant activity against DPPH radical (IC50 value 70.7 μg mL-1) and anticancer activity against U87 human malignant glioma (IC50 55 μg mL-1) and Huh7 human hepatocellular carcinoma (IC50 37 μg mL-1) cell lines. Normal human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) had greater than 80% cell viability with purified L-ASNase indicating its least cytotoxicity against normal cells. The present work identified potent glutaminase free L-ASNase from B. halotolerans ASN9 that performs well in a wide range of environmental conditions indicating its suitability for various commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifrah Shafqat
- Genomics Research Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen Shahzad
- Genomics Research Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Azra Yasmin
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Safia Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Afzal
- Department of Biology, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Monaza Bibi
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Jabeen K, Javed A, Manzoor S, Shahzad S. Antioxidants and Calcium Modulators Preclude in Vitro Hepatitis B Virus-Induced Mitochondrial Damage. Turk J Gastroenterol 2023; 34:1052-1061. [PMID: 37565795 PMCID: PMC10645285 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2023.21290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hepatitis B virus induces mitochondrial damage via the production of reactive oxygen species and concomitant with deregulation of calcium homeostasis. The current study evaluates the potential of antioxidant and calcium modulators for inhibition of hepatitis B virus-induced mitochondrial damage using in vitro cell culture models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hepatitis B virus-induced mitochondrial fragmentation was observed by immunofluorescence confocal micros- copy in hepatitis B virus-infected cell lines (HepG2 and HepAD38). Differential protein expression of mitochondrial fragmentation mark- ers, dynamin-related protein 1 and phospho-dynamin-related protein 1, were evaluated both pre- and posttreatment with antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine and calcium modulators like 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakisacetoxymethyl ester, ethylene-bis (oxyethylenenitrilo) tetraacetic acid glycol ether diamine tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester, and ruthenium amine complex by western blot analysis. RESULTS A slight reduction in mitochondrial fragmentation in both cell lines was observed post-antioxidant treatment with a partial prevention observed with calcium modulators. The expression of phospho-dynamin-related protein 1 was significantly upregulated (P = .0007, P = .003) in both hepatitis B virus-infected cell lines compared to uninfected cells. In line with these observations, the expres- sion of dynamin-related protein 1 and phospho-dynamin-related protein 1 was found to be significantly downregulated with N-acetyl- l-cysteine treatment in both cell lines (P = .003, P = .002), respectively. A nonsignificant trend was observed in the case of calcium modulators treatment. CONCLUSIONS Current study indicates that the mitochondrial fragmentation induced by hepatitis B virus infection can be reduced after antioxidant treatment pointing toward exploring better drug targets for the prevention of hepatitis B virus-induced mitochondrial frag- mentation and associated liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehkshan Jabeen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Genomics Research Lab, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Manzoor
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen Shahzad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Genomics Research Lab, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Rauf A, Rashid U, Atta A, Khan I, Shah ZA, Mobeen B, Javed A, Alomar TS, Almasoud N, Naz S, Ahmad Z, Ribaudo G. Antiproliferative Activity of Lignans from Olea ferruginea: In Vitro Evidence Supported by Docking Studies. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:216. [PMID: 37796717 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2809216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the current study was to investigate the anticancer potential of bioactive compounds isolated from the leaves of Olea ferruginea (O. ferruginea). Lignans from O. ferruginea were previously described to possess antibacterial, antileishmanial, and antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, the antiproliferative activity of cycloolivil (1), ferruginan (2), and ferruginan A (3) have not been investigated in depth. METHODS The compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves extract of O. ferruginea. The isolated molecules were evaluated for their anticancer activity against U-87 MG malignant glioma cells. In parallel, molecular docking studies were also performed to investigate the interaction of the compounds with a duplex DNA sequence and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). RESULTS In vitro tests showed that all three compounds inhibit U-87 MG malignant glioma cell proliferation dose-dependently in the µM range, and ferruginan A (3) was highlighted as the most promising compound of the set. Molecular docking studies showed that the compounds could interfere with double stranded DNA possessing a cisplatin 1,2-d(GpG) intrastrand cross-link and EGFR. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the findings suggest that the tested compounds from O. ferruginea may represent a starting point for the identification of novel tools to inhibit glioma cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11671 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (K.P.), Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, 22060 Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Aniqa Atta
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taxes A&M Health Science Center, Joe H. Reynolds Medical Sciences Build, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zafar Ali Shah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (K.P.), Pakistan
| | - Bushra Mobeen
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, 22060 Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Taghrid S Alomar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11671 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Almasoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11671 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Naz
- Institute of Biotechnology & Microbiology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, 24540 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (K.P.), Pakistan
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (K.P.), Pakistan
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Raja SA, Andleeb S, Javed A, Sabahat S, Parvaiz F, Mureed H, Ahmad S, Naz F. Green synthesised AuNps using Ajuga Bracteosa extract and AuNps-Free supernatant exhibited equivalent antibacterial and anticancerous efficacies. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282485. [PMID: 37549158 PMCID: PMC10406282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study is designed to synthesize gold nanoparticles using Ajuga bracteosa extract, which is a highly known medicinal herb found in the northern Himalayas. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were initially characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, SEM, FTIR, pXRD, and, GC-MS. Antibacterial efficacy of A. bracteosa extract, AuNps, and AuNps-free supernatant activity was checked against highly pathogenic clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa via agar well diffusion method, assuming that supernatant might have active compounds. The Nps-free supernatant showed the maximum antibacterial activity against E. coli (20.8±0.3 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (16.5±0.5), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13±0.6). While green synthesized AuNps showed effective antibacterial activity (Escherichia coli (16.4±0.3mm), Staphylococcus aureus (15.05±0.5mm), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.07±0.6mm)) which was high compared to A. bracteosa extract. Anticancer activity was assessed by MTT assay on U87 and HEK293 cell lines. Aj-AuNps have an antigrowth effect on both the cell lines however Aj-AuNps-free supernatant which was also evaluated along with the Aj-AuNps, showed high toxicity toward HEK293 cell line compared to U87. Further, the GC-MS analysis of supernatant showed the presence of resultant toxic compounds after the reduction of gold salt, which include Trichloromethane, Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester, Methyl isovalerate, Pentanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-4-methyl-, Benzene-propanoic acid, and alpha-hydroxy. Based on the observation small molecular weight ligands of Ajuga bracteosa were analyzed in-silico for their binding efficacy towards selected membrane proteins of our target pathogens. RMSD is also calculated for the best docked protein ligand pose. The results revealed that among all listed ligands, Ergosterol and Decacetylajugrin IV have high virtuous binding affinities towards the membrane proteins of targeted pathogens. The current findings revealed that the Aj-AuNps are good antibacterial as well as anticancerous agents while the Nps-free supernatant is also exceedingly effective against resistant pathogens and cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Azad Raja
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Andleeb
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, King Abdullah Campus, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Sabahat
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fahed Parvaiz
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafsah Mureed
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sohaib Ahmad
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Falak Naz
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Sher H, Sharif H, Zaheer T, Khan SA, Ali A, Javed H, Javed A. Employing computational tools to design a multi-epitope vaccine targeting human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). BMC Genomics 2023; 24:276. [PMID: 37226084 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being in the 21st century, the world has still not been able to vanquish the global AIDS epidemic, and the only foreseeable solution seems to be a safe and effective vaccine. Unfortunately, vaccine trials so far have returned unfruitful results, possibly due to their inability to induce effective cellular, humoral and innate immune responses. The current study aims to tackle these limitations and propose the desired vaccine utilizing immunoinformatic approaches that have returned promising results in designing vaccines against various rapidly mutating organisms. For this, all polyprotein and protein sequences of HIV-1 were retrieved from the LANL (Los Alamos National Laboratory) database. The consensus sequence was generated after alignment and used to predict epitopes. Conserved, antigenic, non-allergenic, T-cell inducing, B-cell inducing, IFN-ɣ inducing, non-human homologous epitopes were selected and combined to propose two vaccine constructs i.e., HIV-1a (without adjuvant) and HIV-1b (with adjuvant). RESULTS HIV-1a and HIV-1b were subjected to antigenicity, allergenicity, structural quality analysis, immune simulations, and MD (molecular dynamics) simulations. Both proposed multi-epitope vaccines were found to be antigenic, non-allergenic, stable, and induce cellular, humoral, and innate immune responses. TLR-3 docking and in-silico cloning of both constructs were also performed. CONCLUSION Our results indicate HIV-1b to be more promising than HIV-1a; experimental validations can confirm the efficacy and safety of both constructs and in-vivo efficacy in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Sher
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Sharif
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tahreem Zaheer
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sarmad Ahmad Khan
- German Cancer Research Center (DFKZ), German Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amjad Ali
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Javed
- Advanced Diagnostic Lab BSL-3, Punjab AIDS Control Program, Primary and Secondary Healthcare Department, Government of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Usman M, Ayub A, Habib S, Rana MS, Rehman Z, Zohaib A, Jamal SB, Jaiswal AK, Andrade BS, de Carvalho Azevedo V, Faheem M, Javed A. Vaccinomics Approach for Multi-Epitope Vaccine Design against Group A Rotavirus Using VP4 and VP7 Proteins. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:726. [PMID: 37112638 PMCID: PMC10144065 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus A is the most common cause of Acute Gastroenteritis globally among children <5 years of age. Due to a segmented genome, there is a high frequency of genetic reassortment and interspecies transmission which has resulted in the emergence of novel genotypes. There are concerns that monovalent (Rotarix: GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium) and pentavalent (RotaTeq: MERCK & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA) vaccines may be less effective against non-vaccine strains, which clearly shows the demand for the design of a vaccine that is equally effective against all circulating genotypes. In the present study, a multivalent vaccine was designed from VP4 and VP7 proteins of RVA. Epitopes were screened for antigenicity, allergenicity, homology with humans and anti-inflammatory properties. The vaccine contains four B-cell, three CTL and three HTL epitopes joined via linkers and an N-terminal RGD motif adjuvant. The 3D structure was predicted and refined preceding its docking with integrin. Immune simulation displayed promising results both in Asia and worldwide. In the MD simulation, the RMSD value varied from 0.2 to 1.6 nm while the minimum integrin amino acid fluctuation (0.05-0.1 nm) was observed with its respective ligand. Codon optimization was performed with an adenovirus vector in a mammalian expression system. The population coverage analysis showed 99.0% and 98.47% in South Asia and worldwide, respectively. These computational findings show potential against all RVA genotypes; however, in-vitro/in-vivo screening is essential to devise a meticulous conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Health, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Aaima Ayub
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sabahat Habib
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Zaira Rehman
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Health, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Ali Zohaib
- Department of Microbiology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Syed Babar Jamal
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan (M.F.)
| | - Arun Kumar Jaiswal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics (LGCM), PG Program in Bioinformatics, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Bruno Silva Andrade
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Chemistry, State University of Southwest of Bahia, Bahia 45083-900, Brazil
| | - Vasco de Carvalho Azevedo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics (LGCM), PG Program in Bioinformatics, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan (M.F.)
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Arshad N, Parveen U, Channar PA, Saeed A, Saeed WS, Perveen F, Javed A, Ismail H, Mir MI, Ahmed A, Azad B, Khan I. Investigation of Newly Synthesized Bis-Acyl-Thiourea Derivatives of 4-Nitrobenzene-1,2-Diamine for Their DNA Binding, Urease Inhibition, and Anti-Brain-Tumor Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062707. [PMID: 36985680 PMCID: PMC10051851 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bis-acyl-thiourea derivatives, namely N,N’-(((4-nitro-1,2-phenylene)bis(azanediyl)) bis(carbonothioyl))bis(2,4-dichlorobenzamide) (UP-1), N,N’-(((4-nitro-1,2-phenylene) bis(azanediyl))bis(carbonothioyl))diheptanamide (UP-2), and N,N’-(((4-nitro-1,2-phenylene)bis(azanediyl))bis(carbonothioyl))dibutannamide (UP-3), were synthesized in two steps. The structural characterization of the derivatives was carried out by FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR, and then their DNA binding, anti-urease, and anticancer activities were explored. Both theoretical and experimental results, as obtained by density functional theory, molecular docking, UV-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence (Flu-)spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and viscometry, pointed towards compounds’ interactions with DNA. However, the values of binding constant (Kb), binding site size (n), and negative Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) (as evaluated by docking, UV-vis, Flu-, and CV) indicated that all the derivatives exhibited binding interactions with the DNA in the order UP-3 > UP-2 > UP-1. The experimental findings from spectral and electrochemical analysis complemented each other and supported the theoretical analysis. The lower diffusion coefficient (Do) values, as obtained from CV responses of each compound after DNA addition at various scan rates, further confirmed the formation of a bulky compound–DNA complex that caused slow diffusion. The mixed binding mode of interaction as seen in docking was further verified by changes in DNA viscosity with varying compound concentrations. All compounds showed strong anti-urease activity, whereas UP-1 was found to have comparatively better inhibitory efficiency, with an IC50 value of 1.55 ± 0.0288 µM. The dose-dependent cytotoxicity of the synthesized derivatives against glioblastoma MG-U87 cells (a human brain cancer cell line) followed by HEK-293 cells (a normal human embryonic kidney cell line) indicated that UP-1 and UP-3 have greater cytotoxicity against both cancerous and healthy cell lines at 400 µM. However, dose-dependent responses of UP-2 showed cytotoxicity against cancerous cells, while it showed no cytotoxicity on the healthy cell line at a low concentration range of 40–120 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasima Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (U.P.); (M.I.M.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Uzma Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (U.P.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Pervaiz Ali Channar
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 74800, Pakistan;
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Waseem Sharaf Saeed
- Restorative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fouzia Perveen
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (F.P.); (B.A.)
| | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Ismail Mir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (U.P.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Atteeque Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Basit Azad
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (F.P.); (B.A.)
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Joe H. Reynolds Medical Build, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
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Jabeen K, Javed A, Waris A, Shahzad S. Restoration of IL-11 and IL-15 cytokine production post calcium modulators and ROS treatment can assist viral clearance both in vitro and in vivo. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2023; 26:176-182. [PMID: 36742132 PMCID: PMC9869883 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.65983.14536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection alters the cytokines production to establish persistent infection. A reversion of cytokines back to their normal state can be a promising therapeutic approach to establish an optimal host immune response. Materials and Methods We investigated the alteration in expression of IL-15 and IL-11 after HBV infection in vitro and in vivo in PBMCs of 63 individuals divided into various HBV-infected patient groups. The mRNA expression was evaluated post-anti-oxidant and calcium modulators treatment by Real-time qPCR. Results In vitro mRNA expression of both cytokines, post-infection was down-regulated considerably. Interestingly, in line with in vitro results, both cytokines' in vivo expression was intensively down-regulated in chronic HBV-infected individuals rather than healthy controls. Both cytokines' expression was up-regulated in cases of recovery compared with the inactive carriers and chronic HBV-infected individuals. IL-15 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in both cell lines post EGTA and Ru360 treatment while a significant increase was observed in the HepAD38 cell line with NAC and BAPTA treatment. IL-11 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in the HepG2 cell line after all modulator treatments, whereas in the HepAd38 cell line it was observed after BAPTA treatment. Our results thus indicate that viral infection tends to down-regulate the expression of cytokines and an in vivo up-regulation is an indication of recovery. Conclusion Treatment of anti-oxidants and calcium modulators has resulted in the successful restoration of these cytokines thus pointing towards the use of calcium modulators to boost natural antiviral cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehkshan Jabeen
- Genomics Research Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan,Corresponding author: Aneela Javed. Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Asim Waris
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen Shahzad
- Genomics Research Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Iqbal S, Qasim M, Rahman H, Khan N, Paracha RZ, Bhatti MF, Javed A, Janjua HA. Genome mining, antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting potentials of halotolerant Bacillus paralicheniformis ES-1 isolated from salt mine. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:79-93. [PMID: 36301366 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01964-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Salinity severely affects crop yield by hindering nitrogen uptake and reducing plant growth. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are capable of providing cross-protection against biotic/abiotic stresses and facilitating plant growth. Genome-level knowledge of PGPB is necessary to translate the knowledge into a product as efficient biofertilizers and biocontrol agents. The current study aimed to isolate and characterize indigenous plant growth-promoting strains with the potential to promote plant growth under various stress conditions. In this regard, 72 bacterial strains were isolated from various saline-sodic soil/lakes; 19 exhibited multiple in vitro plant growth-promoting traits, including indole 3 acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, siderophore synthesis, lytic enzymes production, biofilm formation, and antibacterial activities. To get an in-depth insight into genome composition and diversity, whole-genome sequence and genome mining of one promising Bacillus paralicheniformis strain ES-1 were performed. The strain ES-1 genome carries 12 biosynthetic gene clusters, at least six genomic islands, and four prophage regions. Genome mining identified plant growth-promoting conferring genes such as phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, tryptophan production, siderophore, acetoin, butanediol, chitinase, hydrogen sulfate synthesis, chemotaxis, and motility. Comparative genome analysis indicates the region of genome plasticity which shapes the structure and function of B. paralicheniformis and plays a crucial role in habitat adaptation. The strain ES-1 has a relatively large accessory genome of 649 genes (~ 19%) and 180 unique genes. Overall, these results provide valuable insight into the bioactivity and genomic insight into B. paralicheniformis strain ES-1 with its potential use in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Iqbal
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Hazir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Rehan Zafar Paracha
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Science (SINES, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faraz Bhatti
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussnain Ahmed Janjua
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Donia A, Furqan Shahid M, Hassan SU, Shahid R, Ahmad A, Javed A, Nawaz M, Yaqub T, Bokhari H. Integration of RT-LAMP and Microfluidic Technology for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater as an Advanced Point-of-Care Platform. Food Environ Virol 2022; 14:364-373. [PMID: 35508752 PMCID: PMC9067896 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-022-09522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Development of lab-on-a-chip (LOC) system based on integration of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and microfluidic technology is expected to speed up SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics allowing early intervention. In the current work, reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and RT-LAMP assays were performed on extracted RNA of seven wastewater samples from COVID-19 hotspots. RT‑LAMP assay was also performed on wastewater samples without RNA extraction. Current detection of SARS-CoV-2 is mainly by RT-qPCR of ORF (ORF1ab) and N genes so we targeted both to find the best target gene for SARS-CoV-2 detection. We also performed RT-LAMP with/without RNA extraction inside microfluidic device to target both genes. Positivity rates of RT-qPCR and RT-LAMP performed on extracted RNA were 100.0% (7/7) and 85.7% (6/7), respectively. RT-qPCR results revealed that all 7 wastewater samples were positive for N gene (Ct range 37-39), and negative for ORF1ab, suggesting that N gene could be the best target gene for SARS-CoV-2 detection. RT-LAMP of N and ORF (ORF1a) genes performed on wastewater samples without RNA extraction indicated that all 7 samples remains pink (negative). The color remains pink in all microchannels except microchannels which subjected to RT-LAMP for targeting N region after RNA extraction (yellow color) in 6 out of 7 samples. This study shows that SARS-CoV-2 was successfully detected from wastewater samples using RT-LAMP in microfluidic chips. This study brings the novelty involving the use of wastewater samples for detection of SARS-CoV-2 without previous virus concentration and with/without RNA extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Donia
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Shahid
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sammer-ul Hassan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ramla Shahid
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Yaqub
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Habib Bokhari
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Kohsar University Murree, Murree, Pakistan
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Yousaf A, Waseem M, Javed A, Baig S, Ismail B, Baig A, Shahzadi I, Nawazish S, Zaman I. Augmented anticancer effect and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized by using Taxus wallichiana leaf extract. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14391. [PMID: 36444381 PMCID: PMC9700453 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Taxus wallichiana is an evergreen tree species found in the Himalayan region of Pakistan. The tree possesses important secondary metabolites such as Taxol that has been implicated in treating breast, ovarian and colon cancer. Therefore keeping in view the importance of this plant species, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Taxus wallichiana aqueous leaf extract and evaluated for their anti-bacterial and anti-cancer properties. Methods Silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized for their optical, morphological and structural features using techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and were evaluated for their antibacterial activity and anti-cancer activity using U251 cell line. Results The study showed that the UV-absorbance peak of Ag2O NPs at 450 nm shifted to 410 nm, affirming the formation of leaf extract Ag NPs. Similarly structural studies revealed the crystalline nature of the cubic structure of the Ag crystal with an average crystallite size of 29 nm. FTIR analysis exhibited the existence of different functional elements including O-H and N-H and phenolic groups. Non-spherical glomerular shaped Taxus wallichiana Ag NPs were observed from SEM studies and EDX profile showed Ag as the main element along with constituent of biological origin. The synthesized Ag NPs showed significant antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. The cytotoxic activity of Ag NPs on U251 brain cancer cells showed a synergistic effect with 10 ug/mL concentration after 48 and 72 h incubation based on cell viability assay indicating promising glioblastoma drug potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Yousaf
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Baig
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Baig
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Irum Shahzadi
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Shamyla Nawazish
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Zaman
- Zoo/Wildlife Conservation, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhawa, Pakistan
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Tariq H, Noreen Z, Ahmad A, Khan L, Ali M, Malik M, Javed A, Rasheed F, Fatima A, Kocagoz T, Sezerman U, Bokhari H. Colibactin possessing E. coli isolates in association with colorectal cancer and their genetic diversity among Pakistani population. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262662. [PMID: 36367873 PMCID: PMC9651576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cause of tumorigenesis and several pathogenic bacteria have been correlated with aggressive cases of cancer i.e., genotoxin (colibactin) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli). This study was designed to investigate the genetic diversity of clb+clb+E. coli strains and their association with CRC. Pathogenic E. coli isolates from colorectal biopsies were characterized based on phylotypes, antibiotic resistance pattern, and (Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Sequence-based Polymerase Chain Reaction) ERIC-PCR. Furthermore, isolates were screened for the presence of the Pks (polyketide synthase) Island specifically targeting colibactin genes A and Q. The selective clb+clb+ isolates were subjected to cytotoxicity assay using Human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell lines. We revealed that 43.47% of the cancer-associated E. coli isolates were from phylogroup B2 comparatively more pathogenic than rest while in the case of healthy controls no isolate was found from B2. Moreover, 90% were found positive for colibactin and pks (polyketide synthase) island, while none of the healthy controls were found positive for colibactin genes. All healthy and cancer-associated isolates were tested against 15 antibiotic agents, we observed that cancer-associated isolates showed a wide range of resistance from 96% against Nalidixic acid to 48% against Doxycycline. Moreover, E. coli isolates were further genotyped using ERIC-PCR, and selected clb+clb+E. coli isolates were subjected to cytotoxicity assay. We recorded the significant cytotoxic activity of clb+clb+ E. coli phylogroup B2 isolates that might have contributed towards the progression of CRC or dysbiosis of healthy gut microbiota protecting against CRC pathogenesis. Our results revealed a significant p<0.023 association of dietary habits and hygiene p<0.001with CRC. This is the first study to report the prevalence of E. coli phylogroups and the role of colibactin most virulent phylogroup B2 among Pakistani individuals from low socioeconomic setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habiba Tariq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zobia Noreen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Microbiology, Kohsar University Murree, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Laraib Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mashhood Ali
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Malik
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Rasheed
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Alina Fatima
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tanil Kocagoz
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Sezerman
- Department of Biostatics and Medical Informatics, Acibadem University, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Habib Bokhari
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Microbiology, Kohsar University Murree, Punjab, Pakistan
- * E-mail: ,
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Sana M, Javed A, Babar Jamal S, Junaid M, Faheem M. Development of multivalent vaccine targeting M segment of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) using immunoinformatic approaches. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:2372-2388. [PMID: 35531180 PMCID: PMC9072894 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral infection with no licensed vaccine or therapeutics available for its treatment. In the present study we have developed the first multi-epitope subunit vaccine effective against all the seven genotypes of CCHF virus (CCHFV). The vaccine contains five B-cell, two MHC-II (HTL), and three MHC-I (CTL) epitopes screened from two structural glycoproteins (Gc and Gn in M segment) of CCHFV with an N-terminus human β-defensin as an adjuvant, as well as an N-terminus EAAAK sequence. The epitopes were rigorously investigated for their antigenicity, allergenicity, IFN gamma induction, anti-inflammatory responses, stability, and toxicity. The three-dimensional structure of the vaccine was predicted and docked with TLR-3, TLR-8, and TLR-9 receptors to find the strength of the binding complexes via molecular dynamics simulation. After codon adaptation, the subunit vaccine construct was developed in a pDual-GC plasmid and has population coverage of 98.47% of the world's population (HLA-I & II combined). The immune simulation studies were carried out on the C-ImmSim in-silico interface showing a marked increase in the production of cellular and humoral response (B-cell and T-cell) as well as TGFβ, IL-2, IL-10, and IL-12 indicating that the proposed vaccine would be able to sufficiently provoke both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Thus, making it a new and promising vaccine candidate against CCHFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaza Sana
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Babar Jamal
- Deparment of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Abid Majeed Rd, Rawalpindi, Punjab 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Precision Medicine Laboratory, Rehman Medical Institute, Hayatabad, Peshawar, KPK, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Deparment of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Abid Majeed Rd, Rawalpindi, Punjab 46000, Pakistan
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Khan H, Nazir S, Farooq RK, Khan IN, Javed A. Fabrication and Assessment of Diosgenin Encapsulated Stearic Acid Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Its Anticancer and Antidepressant Effects Using in vitro and in vivo Models. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:806713. [PMID: 35221890 PMCID: PMC8866708 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.806713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cascade plays a pivotal role in the onset and progression of major depressive disorder (MDD) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Therefore, questing natural compounds with anti-inflammatory activity such as diosgenin can act as a double-edged sword targeting cancer and cancer-induced inflammation simultaneously. The blood–brain barrier limits the therapeutic efficiency of the drugs against intracranial pathologies including depression and brain cancers. Encapsulating a drug molecule in lipid nanoparticles can overcome this obstacle. The current study has thus investigated the anticancer and antidepressant effect of Tween 80 (P80) coated stearic acid solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) encapsulating the diosgenin. Physio-chemical characterizations of SLNPs were performed to assess their stability, monodispersity, and entrapment efficiency. In vitro cytotoxic analysis of naked and drug encapsulated SLNPs on U-87 cell line indicated diosgenin IC50 value to be 194.4 μM, while diosgenin encapsulation in nanoparticles slightly decreases the toxicity. Antidepressant effects of encapsulated and non-encapsulated diosgenin were comprehensively evaluated in the concanavalin-A–induced sickness behavior mouse model. Behavior test results indicate that diosgenin and diosgenin encapsulated nanoparticles significantly alleviated anxiety-like and depressive behavior. Diosgenin incorporated SLNPs also improved grooming behavior and social interaction as well as showed normal levels of neutrophils and leukocytes with no toxicity indication. In conclusion, diosgenin and diosgenin encapsulated solid lipid nanoparticles proved successful in decreasing in vitro cancer cell proliferation and improving sickness behavioral phenotype and thus merit further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Nazir
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishaq N. Khan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Aneela Javed,
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Arshad N, Mir MI, Perveen F, Javed A, Javaid M, Saeed A, Channar PA, Farooqi SI, Alkahtani S, Anwar J. Investigations on Anticancer Potentials by DNA Binding and Cytotoxicity Studies for Newly Synthesized and Characterized Imidazolidine and Thiazolidine-Based Isatin Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:354. [PMID: 35056668 PMCID: PMC8778244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidazolidine and thiazolidine-based isatin derivatives (IST-01-04) were synthesized, characterized, and tested for their interactions with ds-DNA. Theoretical and experimental findings showed good compatibility and indicated compound-DNA binding by mixed mode of interactions. The evaluated binding parameters, i.e., binding constant (Kb), free energy change (ΔG), and binding site sizes (n), inferred comparatively greater and more spontaneous binding interactions of IST-02 and then IST-04 with the DNA, among all compounds tested under physiological pH and temperature (7.4, 37 °C). The cytotoxic activity of all compounds was assessed against HeLa (cervical carcinoma), MCF-7 (breast carcinoma), and HuH-7 (liver carcinoma), as well as normal HEK-293 (human embryonic kidney) cell lines. Among all compounds, IST-02 and 04 were found to be cytotoxic against HuH-7 cell lines with percentage cell toxicity of 75% and 66%, respectively, at 500 ng/µL dosage. Moreover, HEK-293 cells exhibit tolerance to the increasing drug concentration, suggesting these two compounds are less cytotoxic against normal cell lines compared to cancer cell lines. Hence, both DNA binding and cytotoxicity studies proved imidazolidine (IST-02) and thiazolidine (IST-04)-based isatin derivatives as potent anticancer drug candidates among which imidazolidine (IST-02) is comparatively the more promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasima Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.I.M.); (S.I.F.)
| | - Muhammad Ismail Mir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.I.M.); (S.I.F.)
| | - Fouzia Perveen
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulations, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Memona Javaid
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.J.); (P.A.C.)
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.J.); (P.A.C.)
| | - Pervaiz Ali Channar
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.J.); (P.A.C.)
| | - Shahid Iqbal Farooqi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.I.M.); (S.I.F.)
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12546, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jamshed Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK;
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Nazir S, Farooq RK, Nasir S, Hanif R, Javed A. Therapeutic effect of Thymoquinone on behavioural response to UCMS and neuroinflammation in hippocampus and amygdala in BALB/c mice model. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:47-58. [PMID: 35029704 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-06038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Major depressive disorder is the leading cause of disability worldwide. The corticolimbic system plays a critical role in the emotional and cognitive aspects of major depressive disorder. Owing to the unsatisfactory efficacy of conventional antidepressants, there is a need to explore novel therapies. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to explore the antidepressant potential of thymoquinone, a natural compound with anti-inflammatory activity, and propose its underlying mechanism of action in the unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mouse model. METHODS Coat state, forced swim test, elevated plus maze test, novelty suppressed feeding test and social interaction test were performed to quantify the behavioural shift induced by UCMS and the effect of thymoquinone and fluoxetine treatment. In addition, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and BDNF and NeuN were analysed by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in the hippocampus and amygdala of experimental and control groups. RESULTS UCMS significantly deteriorated coat state. Thymoquinone reinstated the resignation behaviour and latency to feed affected by UCMS. UCMS induced an increase in inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) in the hippocampus and amygdala, which was decreased by thymoquinone. UCMS caused an increase in BDNF and NeuN mRNA levels in the amygdala while a decrease in the hippocampus. This opposite effect on BDNF was also compensated by thymoquinone; however, thymoquinone did not significantly change Ki67 and NeuN mRNA levels in the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS Thymoquinone restored the behavioural changes induced by UCMS. In addition, the antidepressant effect of thymoquinone is in line with changes in inflammatory parameters and changes in BDNF in the hippocampus and amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Nazir
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadia Nasir
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Rumeza Hanif
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
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Li JZ, Stella N, Choudhary MC, Javed A, Rodriguez K, Ribaudo H, Moosa MY, Brijkumar J, Pillay S, Sunpath H, Noguera-Julian M, Paredes R, Johnson B, Edwards A, Marconi VC, Kuritzkes DR. Impact of pre-existing drug resistance on risk of virological failure in South Africa. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:1558-1563. [PMID: 33693678 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is conflicting evidence on the impact of pre-existing HIV drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in patients infected with non-B subtype virus. METHODS We performed a case-cohort substudy of the AIDS Drug Resistance Surveillance Study, which enrolled South African patients initiating first-line efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir. Pre-ART DRMs were detected by Illumina sequencing of HIV pol and DRMs present at <20% of the viral population were labelled as minority variants (MVs). Weighted Cox proportional hazards models estimated the association between pre-ART DRMs and risk of virological failure (VF), defined as confirmed HIV-1 RNA ≥1000 copies/mL after ≥5 months of ART. RESULTS The evaluable population included 178 participants from a randomly selected subcohort (16 with VF, 162 without VF) and 83 additional participants with VF. In the subcohort, 16% of participants harboured ≥1 majority DRM. The presence of any majority DRM was associated with a 3-fold greater risk of VF (P = 0.002), which increased to 9.2-fold (P < 0.001) in those with <2 active drugs. Thirteen percent of participants harboured MV DRMs in the absence of majority DRMs. Presence of MVs alone had no significant impact on the risk of VF. Inclusion of pre-ART MVs with majority DRMs improved the sensitivity but reduced the specificity of predicting VF. CONCLUSIONS In a South African cohort, the presence of majority DRMs increased the risk of VF, especially for participants receiving <2 active drugs. The detection of drug-resistant MVs alone did not predict an increased risk of VF, but their inclusion with majority DRMs affected the sensitivity/specificity of predicting VF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Z Li
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia Stella
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Aneela Javed
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Roger Paredes
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Alex Edwards
- Emory University School of Medicine and Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vincent C Marconi
- Emory University School of Medicine and Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Nazir S, Umar Aslam Khan M, Shamsan Al-Arjan W, Izwan Abd Razak S, Javed A, Rafiq Abdul Kadir M. Nanocomposite hydrogels for melanoma skin cancer care and treatment: In-vitro drug delivery, drug release kinetics and anti-cancer activities. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Hossain MG, Javed A, Akter S, Saha S. SARS-CoV-2 host diversity: An update of natural infections and experimental evidence. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2021; 54:175-181. [PMID: 32624360 PMCID: PMC7315156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is now a pandemic threat. This virus is supposed to be spread by human to human transmission. Cellular angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 which is identical or similar in different species of animals such as pigs, ferrets, cats, orangutans, monkeys, and humans. Moreover, a recent study predicted that dogs might be secondary hosts during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from bat to human. Therefore, there is a possibility of spreading SARS-CoV-2 through domestic pets. There are now many reports of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases in dogs, cats, tigers, lion, and minks. Experimental data showed ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne routes. Based on these natural infection reports and experimental data, whether the pets are responsible for SARS-CoV-2 spread to humans; needs to be deeply investigated. Humans showing clinical symptoms of respiratory infections have been undergoing for the COVID-19 diagnostic test but many infected people and few pets confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 remained asymptomatic. In this review, we summarize the natural cases of SARS-CoV-2 in animals with the latest researches conducted in this field. This review will be helpful to think insights of SARS-CoV-2 transmissions, spread, and demand for seroprevalence studies, especially in companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Golzar Hossain
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh; Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sharmin Akter
- Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Sukumar Saha
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh; Department of Exploratory Clinical Research, Institute for Translational Vaccinology, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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Asif M, Usman M, Ayub S, Farhat S, Huma Z, Ahmed J, Kamal MA, Hussein D, Javed A, Khan I. Role of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Proteins in CNS Tumors: Resistance- Based Perspectives and Clinical Updates. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:4747-4763. [PMID: 32091329 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200224112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite gigantic advances in medical research and development, chemotherapeutic resistance remains a major challenge in complete remission of CNS tumors. The failure of complete eradication of CNS tumors has been correlated with the existence of several factors including overexpression of transporter proteins. To date, 49 ABC-transporter proteins (ABC-TPs) have been reported in humans, and the evidence of their strong association with chemotherapeutics' influx, dissemination, and efflux in CNS tumors, is growing. Research studies on CNS tumors are implicating ABC-TPs as diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers that may be utilised in preclinical and clinical studies. With the current advancements in cell biology, molecular analysis of genomic and transcriptomic interplay, and protein homology-based drug-transporters interaction, our research approaches are streamlining the roles of ABC-TPs in cancer and multidrug resistance. Potential inhibitors of ABC-TP for better clinical outcomes in CNS tumors have emerged. Elacridar has shown to enhance the chemo-sensitivity of Dasatanib and Imatinib in various glioma models. Tariquidar has improved the effectiveness of Temozolomide's in CNS tumors. Although these inhibitors have been effective in preclinical settings, their clinical outcomes have not been as significant in clinical trials. Thus, to have a better understanding of the molecular evaluations of ABC-TPs, as well as drug-interactions, further research is being pursued in research labs. Our lab aims to better comprehend the biological mechanisms involved in drug resistance and to explore novel strategies to increase the clinical effectiveness of anticancer chemotherapeutics, which will ultimately improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Asif
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Neurooncology Research Group, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M Usman
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Neurooncology Research Group, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ayub
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Neurooncology Research Group, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan,Department of Neurosurgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, KPK Medical Teaching Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Farhat
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Neurooncology Research Group, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zilli Huma
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Neurooncology Research Group, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Ahmed
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Neurooncology Research Group, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad A Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,4Enzymoics; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Deema Hussein
- Neurooncology Translational Group, Medical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology,
Islamabad 44000, Pakistan,Department of Infectious diseases, Brigham and Women Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Boston, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Cancer Cell Culture & Precision Oncomedicine Lab, Neurooncology Research Group, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Jabeen K, Malik U, Mansoor S, Shahzad S, Zahid S, Javed A. Effect of oxidative stress and calcium deregulation on FAM26F (CALHM6) expression during hepatitis B virus infection. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:228. [PMID: 33639860 PMCID: PMC7913464 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05888-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Family with sequence similarity 26, member F (FAM26F) is an important innate immunity modulator playing a significant role in diverse immune responses, however, the association of FAM26F expression with HBV infection is not yet known. Thus, the current study aims to explore the differential expression of FAM26F in vitro in HepAD38 and HepG2 cell lines upon HBV infection, and in vivo in HBV infected individuals. The effects of antioxidant and calcium inhibitors on the regulation of FAM26F expression were also evaluated. The expression of FAM26F was simultaneously determined with well-established HBV infection markers: IRF3, and IFN-β. Methods The expression of FAM26F and marker genes was analyzed through Real-time qPCR and western blot. Results Our results indicate that the differential expression of FAM26F followed the same trend as that of IRF3 and IFN-β. The in vitro study revealed that, in both HBV infected cell lines, FAM26F expression was significantly down-regulated as compared to uninfected control cells. Treatment of cells with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), EGTA-AM, BAPTA-AM, and Ru360 significantly upregulated the expression of FAM26F in both the cell lines. Moreover, in in vivo study, FAM26F expression was significantly downregulated in all HBV infected groups as compared to controls (p = 0.0007). The expression was higher in the HBV recovered cases, probably due to the decrease in infection and increase in the immunity of these individuals. Conclusion Our study is the first to show the association of FAM26F with HBV infection. It is proposed that FAM26F expression could be an early predictive marker for HBV infection, and thus is worthy of further investigation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-05888-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehkshan Jabeen
- Genomics Research Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Malik
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Mansoor
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen Shahzad
- Genomics Research Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Zahid
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
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Umar Aslam Khan M, Haider S, Haider A, Izwan Abd Razak S, Rafiq Abdul Kadir M, Shah SA, Javed A, Shakir I, Al-Zahrani AA. Development of porous, antibacterial and biocompatible GO/n-HAp/bacterial cellulose/β-glucan biocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.102924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Iqbal Farooqi S, Arshad N, Perveen F, Ali Channar P, Saeed A, Javed A, Hökelek T, Flörke U. Structure and surface analysis of ibuprofen-organotin conjugate: Potential anti-cancer drug candidacy of the compound is proven by in-vitro DNA binding and cytotoxicity studies. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Misra S, Sakhuja P, Agarwal AK, Javed A. Fulminant amebic colitis: An unusual postoperative complication of intraabdominal malignancy. J Postgrad Med 2020; 66:99-101. [PMID: 32134005 PMCID: PMC7239400 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_605_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Amebiasis caused by protozoa Entamoeba histolytica (EH) is the third leading parasitic cause of human mortality. Although amebiasis is endemic in India, only about 10% of the infected individuals manifest disease. Clinical spectrum of amebiasis ranges from asymptomatic colonization to amebic colitis to hemorrhagic and fulminant colitis. Factors causing an invasive infection are not completely understood. Pathogen virulence, host immunity, and ability of the pathogen to evade host immune response play vital role in determining the disease course. Host factors such as immunocompromised states may make an individual susceptible to develop symptomatic infection. Malignancies usually result in chronic debilitation which may make the individual prone to develop invasive amebiasis with rapid progression. We report two cases of invasive amebiasis which developed a fulminant course in the immediate postoperative period after abdominal surgeries for visceral malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Misra
- Department of Pathology, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - P Sakhuja
- Department of Pathology, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Agarwal
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - A Javed
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
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Khalid A, Abbasi UA, Amber S, Sumera, Mirza FJ, Asif M, Javed A, Zahid S. Methylphenidate and Rosmarinus officinalis improves cognition and regulates inflammation and synaptic gene expression in AlCl 3-induced neurotoxicity mouse model. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7861-7870. [PMID: 33011892 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Methylphenidate (MPH), a psychotropic medication is commonly used for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study we elucidated the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of MPH and Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) extract, an ancient aromatic herb with several applications in traditional medicine. Briefly, six groups of mice (n = 8 each group), were specified for the study and behavioral analysis was performed to analyze spatial memory followed by histological assessment and gene expression analysis of synaptic (Syn I, II and III) and inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNFα and GFAP) via qRT-PCR, in an AlCl3-induced mouse model for neurotoxicity. The behavioral analysis demonstrated significant cognitive decline, memory defects and altered gene expression in AlCl3-treated group. Rosemary extract significantly decreased the expression of inflammatory and synaptic markers to the similar levels as that of MPH. The present findings suggested the neuroprotective potential of Rosmarinus officinalis extract. However, further characterization of its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties and MPH is required to strategize future treatments for several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anibah Khalid
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Umme Aimen Abbasi
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sanila Amber
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumera
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Javed Mirza
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Zahid
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Ahmad J, Larijani H, Emmanuel R, Mannion M, Javed A. Occupancy detection in non-residential buildings – A survey and novel privacy preserved occupancy monitoring solution. ACI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aci.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Buildings use approximately 40% of global energy and are responsible for almost a third of the worldwide greenhouse gas emissions. They also utilise about 60% of the world’s electricity. In the last decade, stringent building regulations have led to significant improvements in the quality of the thermal characteristics of many building envelopes. However, similar considerations have not been paid to the number and activities of occupants in a building, which play an increasingly important role in energy consumption, optimisation processes, and indoor air quality. More than 50% of the energy consumption could be saved in Demand Controlled Ventilation (DCV) if accurate information about the number of occupants is readily available (Mysen et al., 2005). But due to privacy concerns, designing a precise occupancy sensing/counting system is a highly challenging task. While several studies count the number of occupants in rooms/zones for the optimisation of energy consumption, insufficient information is available on the comparison, analysis and pros and cons of these occupancy estimation techniques. This paper provides a review of occupancy measurement techniques and also discusses research trends and challenges. Additionally, a novel privacy preserved occupancy monitoring solution is also proposed in this paper. Security analyses of the proposed scheme reveal that the new occupancy monitoring system is privacy preserved compared to other traditional schemes.
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Malik U, Zafar S, Younas N, Zerr I, Javed A. Unveiling the Physical and Functional Niches of FAM26F by Analyzing Its Subcellular Localization and Novel Interacting Partners. ACS Omega 2020; 5:22008-22020. [PMID: 32923759 PMCID: PMC7482079 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of a protein's subcellular localization and interacting partners are crucial for elucidating its cellular function and associated regulatory networks. Although FAM26F (family with sequence similarity 26, member F) has been recognized as a vital player in various infections, stimulation studies, cancer, and immune pathogenesis, the precise location and function of FAM26F are not well understood. The current study is the first to focus on functional characterization of FAM26F by analyzing its subcellular localization and identifying its novel interacting partners using advanced proteome approaches. The immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy results revealed FAM26F to be largely localized within the Golgi apparatus of the cell. However, its minor presence in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pointed toward the probable retrograde transfer of FAM26F from Golgi to ER during adverse conditions. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation and MS/MS results demonstrated a total of 85 proteins, 44 of which significantly copurified with FAM26F. Interestingly, out of these 44 MS/MS identified proteins, almost 52% were involved in innate immunity, 38.6% in neutrophil degranulation, and remaining 10% were either involved in phosphorylation, degradation, or regulation of apoptosis. Further characterization through Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed that majority of these proteins was involved in maintaining calcium homeostasis of cell. Consequently, the validation of selected proteins uncovered the key interaction of FAM26F with Thioredoxin, which essentially paved the way for depicting its mechanism of action under stress or disease conditions. It is proposed that activation and inhibition of the cellular immune response is essentially dependent on whether FAM26F or Thioredoxin considerably interact with CD30R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Malik
- Department
of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences
(ASAB), National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department
of Neurology, University Medical Centre Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Saima Zafar
- Department
of Neurology, University Medical Centre Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, School of Mechanical &
Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National
University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12
Campus, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Neelam Younas
- Department
of Neurology, University Medical Centre Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department
of Neurology, University Medical Centre Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Aneela Javed
- Department
of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences
(ASAB), National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
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Nazir S, Farooq RK, Khan H, Alam T, Javed A. Thymoquinone harbors protection against Concanavalin A-induced behavior deficit in BALB/c mice model. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13348. [PMID: 32618005 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Global health estimates indicated approximately 322 million people living with depression. Rising cost of depressive illness treatment and non-responsiveness to existing therapies demand continued research to explore new and more potent therapies. Exploring the potential of natural compounds for their potent antidepressant potentials is becoming topic of interest for scientists. Anti-inflammatory activity of thymoquinone, the active ingredient of Nigella sativa, has been well documented. Current study tested thymoquinone for its antidepressant effect in a Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced depressive-like behavior in BALB/c mice. Thymoquinone successfully protected against Con A-induced behavioral despair and anxiety-like behavior. Reduced grooming behavior as a function of Con A treatment, was also reinstated. Underlying mechanism responsible for antidepressant activity of thymoquinone was analyzed by molecular docking. Thymoquinone interacts in halogen-binding pocket (HBP) of serotonin reuptake transporter indicating its potential as serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Results of current study anticipate thymoquinone as a potential antidepressant drug candidate. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Black seeds of Nigella sativa are consumed with traditional and religious reference since centuries. Thymoquinone, active, and abundant component of Nigella sativa, has shown positive effects in multiple studies against arthritis, asthma, hepatic injury, neurodegeneration, and cancer owing to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory attributes. Considering inflammation as one of central components involved in pathophysiology of major depressive disorder, thymoquinone has been evaluated in current study for its antidepressant potential. Positive results of current study propose thymoquinone as an affordable, natural antidepressant drug candidate with better safety profile than currently available antidepressant regimes. Thymoquinone might provide benefits against inflammation-related sickness behavior that is associated with poorer outcome of clinical depression, thus, paving the way for effective drug development against treatment-resistant depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Nazir
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tahseen Alam
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Noor S, Shah Z, Javed A, Ali A, Hussain SB, Zafar S, Ali H, Muhammad SA. A fungal based synthesis method for copper nanoparticles with the determination of anticancer, antidiabetic and antibacterial activities. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 174:105966. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.105966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Farooqi SI, Arshad N, Perveen F, Channar PA, Saeed A, Javed A. Corrigendum to "Aroylthiourea derivatives of ciprofloxacin drug as DNA binder: Theoretical, spectroscopic and electrochemical studies along with cytotoxicity assessment" [Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 666 (2019) 83-98]. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 686:108268. [PMID: 32000973 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Iqbal Farooqi
- Department of Chemistry Allama Iqbal Open University, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasima Arshad
- Department of Chemistry Allama Iqbal Open University, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Fouzia Perveen
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulations, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Farooqi SI, Arshad N, Channar PA, Perveen F, Saeed A, Larik FA, Javed A, Yamin M. New aryl Schiff bases of thiadiazole derivative of ibuprofen as DNA binders and potential anticancer drug candidates. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:3548-3564. [PMID: 32397836 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1766569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The work presented in this paper describes the synthesis of two new aryl Schiff bases [(E)-N-(4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxybenzylidene)-5-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine] (ASB-1) and [(E)-N-(4-(benzyloxy)benzylidene)-5-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine] (ASB-2). These compounds were characterized by different analytical techniques and then studied for DNA binding. Binding studies were carried out at neutral pH (7.0) and at 37 °C by theoretical and experimental methods including DFT, molecular docking, spectroscopy (UV-visible, fluorescence), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and viscometry. Further investigations of these compounds were done on hepatocellular carcinoma; Huh-7 cancer cell line. Binding constant, free energy change and binding site size, i.e. Kb, ΔG and n were evaluated which indicated that both ASB-1 and ASB-2 bind significantly and spontaneously with the DNA. However, data revealed relatively greater binding of ASB-1 with DNA. Spectral and voltammetric results were found supportive of each other. Binding site sizes and viscosity measurements verified the mixed binding mode of interactions as observed in molecular docking analysis, i.e. intercalation with groove binding. DNA binding studies were very well correlated with the in-vitro studies performed on Huh-7 cell line as well as normal HEK-293 cell lines. The compound ASB-1 not only showed greater binding affinity toward DNA but also showed greater anticancer potency with least IC50 value as compared to ASB-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasima Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Fouzia Perveen
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulations, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fayaz Ali Larik
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maham Yamin
- Healthcare Biotechnology Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Farman S, Javed A, Arshia, Khan KM, Nasir A, Khan AU, Lodhi MA, Gul H, Khan F, Asad M, Parveen Z. Benzophenone Sulfonamide Derivatives as Interacting Partners and Inhibitors of Human P-glycoprotein. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:1739-1751. [PMID: 32416700 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200516144403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a transmembrane protein that belongs to the ATPBinding Cassette (ABC) transporters family. Physiologically, it exports toxins out of the cell, however, its overexpression leads to the phenomena of Multidrug-Resistance (MDR) by exporting a diverse range of compounds, which are structurally and chemically different from each other, thus creating a hurdle in the treatment of various diseases including cancer. The current study was designed to screen benzophenone sulfonamide derivatives as a class of inhibitors and potential anticancer agents for P-gp. METHODS A total number of 15 compounds were evaluated. These compounds were screened in daunorubicin efflux inhibition assays using CCRF-CEM Vcr1000 cell line that overexpressed human P-gp. Cytotoxicity assay was also performed for active compounds 11, 14, and 13. These scaffolds were then docked in the homology model of human P-gp using mouse P-gp as a template (PDB ID: 4MIM) and the recently published Cryo Electron Microscopy (CEM) structure of human mouse chimeric P-gp to find their interactions with specified residues in the binding pocket. Analysis was performed using Labview VI and Graph pad prism version 5.0. RESULTS Results revealed the potency of all these compounds in low nanomolar range whereas, compound 14 was found to be most active with IC50 value of 18.35nM±4.90 followed by 11 and 13 having IC50 values of 30.66nM±5.49 and 46.12nM±3.06, respectively. Moreover, IC50 values calculated for 14, 11 and 13 in cytotoxicity assay were found to be 22.97μM±0.026, 583.1μM±0.027 and 117.8μM±0.062, respectively. Docking results showed the interaction of these scaffolds in transmembrane helices (TM) where Tyr307, Tyr310, Tyr953, Met986 and Gln946 were found to be the major interaction partners, thus they might play a significant role in the transport of these scaffolds. CONCLUSION Benzophenone sulfonamide derivatives showed IC50 values in low nanomolar range comparable to the standard inhibitor Verapamil, therefore they can be good inhibitors of P-gp and can serve as anticancer agents. Also, they have shown interactions in the transmembrane region sharing the same binding region of verapamil and zosuquidar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Farman
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-Ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arshia
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Khalid M Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin
Faisal University, P.O. Box 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Nasir
- Synthetic Protein Engineering Lab (SPEL), Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
| | - Asif Ullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Lodhi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Gul
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Zahida Parveen
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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McAllister-Williams RH, Arango C, Blier P, Demyttenaere K, Falkai P, Gorwood P, Hopwood M, Javed A, Kasper S, Malhi GS, Soares JC, Vieta E, Young AH, Papadopoulos A, Rush AJ. The identification, assessment and management of difficult-to-treat depression: An international consensus statement. J Affect Disord 2020; 267:264-282. [PMID: 32217227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many depressed patients are not able to achieve or sustain symptom remission despite serial treatment trials - often termed "treatment resistant depression". A broader, perhaps more empathic concept of "difficult-to-treat depression" (DTD) was considered. METHODS A consensus group discussed the definition, clinical recognition, assessment and management implications of the DTD heuristic. RESULTS The group proposed that DTD be defined as "depression that continues to cause significant burden despite usual treatment efforts". All depression management should include a thorough initial assessment. When DTD is recognized, a regular reassessment that employs a multi-dimensional framework to identify addressable barriers to successful treatment (including patient-, illness- and treatment-related factors) is advised, along with specific recommendations for addressing these factors. The emphasis of treatment, in the first instance, shifts from a goal of remission to optimal symptom control, daily psychosocial functional and quality of life, based on a patient-centred approach with shared decision-making to enhance the timely consideration of all treatment options (including pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, neurostimulation, etc.) to optimize outcomes when sustained remission is elusive. LIMITATIONS The recommended definition and management of DTD is based largely on expert consensus. While DTD would seem to have clinical utility, its specificity and objectivity may be insufficient to define clinical populations for regulatory trial purposes, though DTD could define populations for service provision or phase 4 trials. CONCLUSIONS DTD provides a clinically useful conceptualization that implies a search for and remediation of specific patient-, illness- and treatment obstacles to optimizing outcomes of relevance to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H McAllister-Williams
- Northern Centre for Mood Disorders, Newcastle University, UK; Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - C Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Blier
- Royal Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - K Demyttenaere
- University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Faculty of Medicine KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Falkai
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - P Gorwood
- CMME, Hopital Sainte-Anne (GHU Paris et Neurosciences). Paris-Descartes University, INSERM U1266, Paris, France
| | - M Hopwood
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Javed
- Faculty of the University of Warwick, UK
| | - S Kasper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - G S Malhi
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Northern Clinical School, Department of Psychiatry, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Academic Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065 Australia; CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065 Australia
| | - J C Soares
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Vieta
- Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London & South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - A J Rush
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Permian Basin, Midland, TX, USA; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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Mahmood I, Jahan M, Groen D, Javed A, Shafait F. Correction to: An Agent-Based Simulation of the Spread of Dengue Fever. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715945 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50420-5_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Farooqi SI, Arshad N, Channar PA, Perveen F, Saeed A, Larik FA, Javed A. Corrigendum to "Synthesis, theoretical, spectroscopic and electrochemical DNA binding investigations of 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivatives of ibuprofen and ciprofloxacin: Cancer cell line studies" [Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, Vol 189, Year (2018), Pages 104-118]. J Photochem Photobiol B 2019; 203:111733. [PMID: 31887636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Iqbal Farooqi
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasima Arshad
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Pervaiz Ali Channar
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fouzia Perveen
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fayaz Ali Larik
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Donkervoort S, Sabouny R, Yun P, Gauquelin L, Chao KR, Hu Y, Al Khatib I, Töpf A, Mohassel P, Cummings BB, Kaur R, Saade D, Moore SA, Waddell LB, Farrar MA, Goodrich JK, Uapinyoying P, Chan SS, Javed A, Leach ME, Karachunski P, Dalton J, Medne L, Harper A, Thompson C, Thiffault I, Specht S, Lamont RE, Saunders C, Racher H, Bernier FP, Mowat D, Witting N, Vissing J, Hanson R, Coffman KA, Hainlen M, Parboosingh JS, Carnevale A, Yoon G, Schnur RE, Boycott KM, Mah JK, Straub V, Foley AR, Innes AM, Bönnemann CG, Shutt TE. MSTO1 mutations cause mtDNA depletion, manifesting as muscular dystrophy with cerebellar involvement. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 138:1013-1031. [PMID: 31463572 PMCID: PMC6851037 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
MSTO1 encodes a cytosolic mitochondrial fusion protein, misato homolog 1 or MSTO1. While the full genotype–phenotype spectrum remains to be explored, pathogenic variants in MSTO1 have recently been reported in a small number of patients presenting with a phenotype of cerebellar ataxia, congenital muscle involvement with histologic findings ranging from myopathic to dystrophic and pigmentary retinopathy. The proposed underlying pathogenic mechanism of MSTO1-related disease is suggestive of impaired mitochondrial fusion secondary to a loss of function of MSTO1. Disorders of mitochondrial fusion and fission have been shown to also lead to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion, linking them to the mtDNA depletion syndromes, a clinically and genetically diverse class of mitochondrial diseases characterized by a reduction of cellular mtDNA content. However, the consequences of pathogenic variants in MSTO1 on mtDNA maintenance remain poorly understood. We present extensive phenotypic and genetic data from 12 independent families, including 15 new patients harbouring a broad array of bi-allelic MSTO1 pathogenic variants, and we provide functional characterization from seven MSTO1-related disease patient fibroblasts. Bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in MSTO1 manifest clinically with a remarkably consistent phenotype of childhood-onset muscular dystrophy, corticospinal tract dysfunction and early-onset non-progressive cerebellar atrophy. MSTO1 protein was not detectable in the cultured fibroblasts of all seven patients evaluated, suggesting that pathogenic variants result in a loss of protein expression and/or affect protein stability. Consistent with impaired mitochondrial fusion, mitochondrial networks in fibroblasts were found to be fragmented. Furthermore, all fibroblasts were found to have depletion of mtDNA ranging from 30 to 70% along with alterations to mtDNA nucleoids. Our data corroborate the role of MSTO1 as a mitochondrial fusion protein and highlight a previously unrecognized link to mtDNA regulation. As impaired mitochondrial fusion is a recognized cause of mtDNA depletion syndromes, this novel link to mtDNA depletion in patient fibroblasts suggests that MSTO1-deficiency should also be considered a mtDNA depletion syndrome. Thus, we provide mechanistic insight into the disease pathogenesis associated with MSTO1 mutations and further define the clinical spectrum and the natural history of MSTO1-related disease.
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Jabeen E, Janjua NK, Ahmed S, Tahiri I, Kashif M, Javed A. DNA binding interaction studies of flavonoid complexes of Cu(II) and Fe(II) and determination of their chemotherapeutic potential. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Farooqi SI, Arshad N, Perveen F, Channar PA, Saeed A, Javed A. Aroylthiourea derivatives of ciprofloxacin drug as DNA binder: Theoretical, spectroscopic and electrochemical studies along with cytotoxicity assessment. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 666:83-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Maqbool SN, Nazeer HS, Rafiq M, Javed A, Hanif R. Bridging the gap by discerning SNPs in linkage disequilibrium and their role in breast cancer. Gene 2018; 679:44-56. [PMID: 30118891 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast Cancer is the most common cancer among women with several genes involved in disease susceptibility. As majority of genome-wide significant variants fall outside the coding region, it is likely that some of them alter specific gene functions. GWAS database was used to interpret the regulatory functions of these genetic variants. A total of 320 SNPs for breast cancer were selected via GWAS, which were entered into the SNAP web portal tool, to determine the one's found to be in Linkage Disequilibrium (r2 < 0.80). The resulting 2024 proxy SNP's were processed in RegulomeDB to predict their regulatory role. Of these, 1440 produced a score ranging from 1-6, whereas the remaining produced no data. Only the variants under score 4 (cut-off value) in RegulomeDB has been studied further. From these variants, 221 had scores of less than 4, indicating a high degree of potential regulatory role associated with them. Further study revealed that 61 of the 221 SNPs were reported to be genome-wide significant for breast cancer, 52 to be associated with other diseases, 99 as unconfirmed for association with breast cancer, leaving only 9 to be novel proxy SNPs linked to breast cancer. Therefore, the study further confirmed postulation of non-coding variants being linked to disease risk thereby, requiring additional validation through genome-wide association studies to substantiate their underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Naila Maqbool
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector: H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Haleema Saadiya Nazeer
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector: H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mehak Rafiq
- Research Center for Modeling & Simulation (RCMS), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne's Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Rumeza Hanif
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector: H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
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Farooqi SI, Arshad N, Channar PA, Perveen F, Saeed A, Larik FA, Javed A. Synthesis, theoretical, spectroscopic and electrochemical DNA binding investigations of 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivatives of ibuprofen and ciprofloxacin: Cancer cell line studies. J Photochem Photobiol B 2018; 189:104-118. [PMID: 30339990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Two new 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives of ibuprofen and ciprofloxacin namely {(5-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine)} 1 and {(3-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-7-(piperazin-1-yl)quinolin-4(1H)-one)} 2 were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and elemental analysis. DFT and molecular docking were done initially for theoretical binding possibilities of the investigated compounds. In vitro DNA binding investigations were carried out with UV-visible spectroscopic, fluorescence spectroscopic, cyclic voltammetric (CV) experiments under physiological conditions of the stomach (4.7) and blood (7.4) pH and at normal body temperature (37 °C). Both theoretical and experimental results suggested spontaneous and significant intercalative binding of the compounds with DNA. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters (Kb, ΔG) were evaluated greater for compound 2 which showed comparatively more binding and more spontaneity of 2 than 1 to bind with DNA at both pH values. Binding site sizes were found greater (n > 1) and revealed the possibility of other sites for interactions along with intercalation. Overall results for DNA binding were found more significant for 2 at Stomach (4.7) pH. Viscometric studies further verified intercalation as a prominent binding mode for both compounds. IC50 values obtained from human hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh-7) cell line studies revealed 2 as potent anticancer agent than 1 as value found 25.75 μM (lesser than 50 μM). Theoretical and experimental DNA binding studies showed good correlation with cancer cell (Huh-7) line activity of 1 and 2 and further suggested that these compounds could act as potential anti-cancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Iqbal Farooqi
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasima Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Fouzia Perveen
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulations, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fayaz Ali Larik
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Healthcare Biotechnology Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Naseem S, Manzoor S, Javed A, Abbas S. Interleukin-6 Rescues Lymphocyte from Apoptosis and Exhaustion Induced by Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Viral Immunol 2018; 31:624-631. [PMID: 30222516 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2018.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection appears to trigger the onset of immune exhaustion and apoptosis to potentially assist viral persistence inside the host, eventually leading to exacerbated conditions of inflammation and hepatocarcinogenesis. Growing evidence suggests that spontaneous apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) could be one of the potential immune impairment mechanisms in chronic viral infection. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays an essential role in regulating immune and inflammatory responses. Owing to its known role in priming T cell growth, differentiation, and inhibition of lymphocyte apoptosis, we investigated the protective effect of IL-6 in rescuing lymphocytes from apoptosis and functional exhaustion in chronic HCV infection. The expression pattern of antiapoptotic (Mcl-1 and Bcl-2), proapoptotic (caspase-3 and Bim) genes along with interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and T cell inhibitory receptor (TIM-3) was analyzed before and after in vitro IL-6 treatment of patient-derived PBMCs. It was observed that the expression of antiapoptotic genes, Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 increased (threefolds and twofolds, respectively) and there was a considerable downregulation in T cell inhibitory receptor (TIM-3) and caspase-3. Similarly, the capacity of PBMCs to produce IFN-γ was also significantly increased (p < 0.001) depicting the promising nature of IL-6 in enhancing lymphocyte effector function. Summing it up, the study supports the positive role of IL-6 in rescuing PBMC population; however, the cytokine alone is not sufficient to sustain the adaptive immunity. It could be used as a potential candidate for combinational therapy along with other regulatory factors for ex vivo enhancement of lymphocyte and may help in moving one step toward adoptive T cell therapy in chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidrah Naseem
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Manzoor
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Abbas
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad, Pakistan
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