1
|
Yang BZ, Xiang B, Wang T, Ma S, Li CSR. Neurogenetic underpinnings of nicotine use severity: Integrating the brain transcriptomes and GWAS variants via network approaches. Psychiatry Res 2024; 334:115815. [PMID: 38422867 PMCID: PMC11017751 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Our study focused on human brain transcriptomes and the genetic risks of cigarettes per day (CPD) to investigate the neurogenetic mechanisms of individual variation in nicotine use severity. We constructed whole-brain and intramodular region-specific coexpression networks using BrainSpan's transcriptomes, and the genomewide association studies identified risk variants of CPD, confirmed the associations between CPD and each gene set in the region-specific subnetworks using an independent dataset, and conducted bioinformatic analyses. Eight brain-region-specific coexpression subnetworks were identified in association with CPD: amygdala, hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, striatum, mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MDTHAL), and primary motor cortex (M1C). Each gene set in the eight subnetworks was associated with CPD. We also identified three hub proteins encoded by GRIN2A in the amygdala, PMCA2 in the hippocampus, MPFC, OPFC, striatum, and MDTHAL, and SV2B in M1C. Intriguingly, the pancreatic secretion pathway appeared in all the significant protein interaction subnetworks, suggesting pleiotropic effects between cigarette smoking and pancreatic diseases. The three hub proteins and genes are implicated in stress response, drug memory, calcium homeostasis, and inhibitory control. These findings provide novel evidence of the neurogenetic underpinnings of smoking severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He L, Yang BZ, Ma YJ, Wen L, Liu F, Zhang XJ, Liu TQ. Differences in clinical features and gut microbiota between individuals with methamphetamine casual use and methamphetamine use disorder. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1103919. [PMID: 36909722 PMCID: PMC9996337 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1103919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The transition from methamphetamine (MA) casual use (MCU) to compulsive use is enigmatic as some MA users can remain in casual use, but some cannot. There is a knowledge gap if gut microbiota (GM) play a role in differing MCU from MA use disorder (MUD). We aimed to investigate the clinical features and GM differences between individuals with MCU and MUD. Method We recruited two groups of MA users -MCU and MUD - and matched them according to age and body mass index (n=21 in each group). Participants were accessed using the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism, and their fecal samples were undergone 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. We compared the hosts' clinical features and GM diversity, composition, and structure (represented by enterotypes) between the two groups. We have identified differential microbes between the two groups and performed network analyses connecting GM and the clinical traits. Result Compared with the casual users, individuals with MUD had higher incidences of MA-induced neuropsychiatric symptoms (e.g., paranoia, depression) and withdrawal symptoms (e.g., fatigue, drowsiness, and increased appetite), as well as stronger cravings for and intentions to use MA, and increased MA tolerance. The GM diversity showed no significant differences between the two groups, but four genera (Halomonas, Clostridium, Devosia, and Dorea) were enriched in the individuals with MUD (p<0.05). Three distinct enterotypes were identified in all MA users, and Ruminococcus-driven enterotype 2 was dominant in individuals with MUD compared to the MCU (61.90% vs. 28.60%, p=0.03). Network analysis shows that Devosia is the hub genus (hub index = 0.75), which is not only related to the counts of the MUD diagnostic criteria (ρ=0.40; p=0.01) but also to the clinical features of MA users such as reduced social activities (ρ=0.54; p<0.01). Devosia is also associated with the increased intention to use MA (ρ=0.48; p<0.01), increased MA tolerance (ρ=0.38; p=0.01), craving for MA (ρ=0.37; p=0.01), and MA-induced withdrawal symptoms (p<0.05). Conclusion Our findings suggest that Ruminococcus-driven enterotype 2 and the genera Devosia might be two influential factors that differentiate MA casual use from MUD, but further studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li He
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yue-Jiao Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology & Core Laboratory of Yale Center for Clinical Investigation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Feng Liu
- Compulsory Detoxification Center of Changsha Public Security Bureau, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tie-Qiao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jing P, Zhao C, Yin Z, Yang BZ, Li J, Cai W, Kong Y. An electrochemical chiral sensor based on competitive host-guest interaction for discrimination of electroinactive amino acids. Analyst 2022; 147:5068-5074. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01445a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical chiral sensor was designed based on the principle of competitive host-guest interaction and utilized for the discrimination of electroinactive proline (Pro) isomers. Electroactive methylene blue (MB) was...
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang BZ, Wang LJ, Huang MC, Wang SC, Tsai MC, Huang YC, Nuñez YZ, Ng MH, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Chen CK. Diagnostic Reliability and Validity of the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA) Chinese Version. Complex Psychiatry 2021; 6:62-67. [PMID: 34882761 DOI: 10.1159/000511606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA) is a polydiagnostic instrument for substance use and psychiatric disorders. We translated the SSADDA English version into Chinese (SSADDA-Chinese) and report here our examination of the diagnostic reliability and validity of DSM-IV substance dependence (SD) diagnoses in a Mandarin-speaking sample in Taiwan. We recruited 125 subjects who underwent an assessment of lifetime SD diagnoses using both the SSADDA-Chinese and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Clinician Version (SCID-Chinese). Thirty-one subjects were retested with the SSADDA-Chinese. Cohen's κ statistic, which measures chance-corrected agreement, was used to measure the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the individual SD diagnoses. There was a high degree of concordance between SD diagnoses made using the SSADDA-Chinese and the SCID-Chinese, including those for dependence on alcohol (κ = 0.83), ketamine (κ = 0.97), methamphetamine (κ = 0.93), and opioids (κ = 0.95). The test-retest reliability of dependence diagnoses for ketamine (κ = 0.95), methamphetamine (κ = 0.80), and opioids (κ = 1.00) obtained using the SSADDA-Chinese was excellent, while that for alcohol dependence (κ = 0.63) and nicotine dependence (κ = 0.65) was good. We conclude that the SSADDA-Chinese is a reliable and valid instrument for the diagnosis of major SD traits in Mandarin-speaking populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chang Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chang Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yaira Z Nuñez
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mei-Hing Ng
- Department of Addiction, Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Yale University School of Medicine, Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chih-Ken Chen
- Department of Psychiatry & Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma YJ, Wang YY, Liu MQ, Fang T, Wei ZR, Chen SB, Tan H, Nunez YZ, Zhang XJ, Hao W, Malison RT, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Liu TQ, Yang BZ. Reliability and validity of DSM-IV and DSM-5 methamphetamine use disorder diagnoses using the Chinese Version of the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA). Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 229:109047. [PMID: 34710713 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Semi-structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA) was developed to assess substance-use disorders and other psychiatric traits. We translated the SSADDA into Chinese and evaluated its inter-rater reliability and concurrent validity in diagnosing DSM-IV methamphetamine (MA) dependence and DSM-5 MA-use disorder (MUD). METHODS The sample comprised 231 participants who were interviewed using the Chinese SSADDA and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Chinese MINI) for concurrent validation. Of the 231 participants, 191 were interviewed by two different interviewers two weeks apart. We evaluated the inter-rater reliability and concurrent validity of the diagnoses using percent agreement and Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ). Cohen's linear weighted kappa was used to assess the reliability of DSM-5 MUD severity. RESULTS It showed good inter-rater reliability and no significant differences among the DSM-5 MUD (κ = 0.71), DSM-IV MA abuse or dependence (κ = 0.72), and the DSM-IV diagnoses of MA dependence (κ = 0.66) and abuse (κ = 0.68) tested separately. The weighted kappa was 0.67 across the three DSM-5 MUD severity levels. The reliability of each individual diagnostic criterion for DSM-5 MUD ranged from fair to excellent (κ = 0.41-0.80), except for "repeated attempts to quit/control use" (κ = 0.38). The concurrent validity based on MINI-derived diagnoses ranged from good to excellent (κ = 0.65-0.78). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the Chinese version of SSADDA has good reliability and validity among Chinese MA users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Jiao Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on mental disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ying-Ying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on mental disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Meng-Qi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on mental disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Fang
- Department of Psychiatry, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on mental disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zi-Rou Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on mental disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shu-Bao Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on mental disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Haoye Tan
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yaira Z Nunez
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on mental disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Hao
- Department of Psychiatry, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on mental disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Robert T Malison
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Center for Studies of Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA; Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Tie-Qiao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, China National Technology Institute on mental disorders, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang BZ, Balodis IM, Kober H, Worhunsky PD, Lacadie CM, Gelernter J, Potenza MN. GABAergic polygenic risk for cocaine use disorder is negatively correlated with precuneus activity during cognitive control in African American individuals. Addict Behav 2021; 114:106695. [PMID: 33153773 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Impaired cognitive control has been implicated in cocaine use disorder (CUD). GABAergic treatments have been proposed for CUD. Here we examined relationships between GABAergic genes and neural correlates of cognitive control in CUD. We analyzed two independent African American cohorts: one of >3000 genomewide-genotyped subjects with substance dependence and another of 40 CUD and 22 healthy control (HC) subjects who were exome-array genotyped and completed an fMRI Stroop task. We used five association thresholds to select variants of GABAergic genes in the reference cohort, yielding five polygenic risk scores (i.e., CUD-GABA-PRSs) for the fMRI cohort. At p < 0.005, the CUD-GABA-PRSs, which aggregated relative risks of CUD from 89 variants harboring in 16 genes, differed between CUD and HC individuals in the fMRI sample (p = 0.013). This CUD-GABA-PRS correlated inversely with Stroop-related activity in the left precuneus in CUD (r = -80.58, pFWE < 0.05) but not HC participants. Post-hoc seed-based connectivity analysis of the left precuneus identified reduced functional connectivity to the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in CUD compared to HC subjects (p = 0.0062) and the degree of connectivity correlated with CUD-GABA-PRSs in CUD individuals (r = 0.287, p = 0.036). Our findings suggest that the GABAergic genetic risk of CUD in African Americans relates to precuneus/PCC functional connectivity during cognitive control. Identification of these GABAergic processes may be relevant targets in CUD treatment. The novel identification of 16 GABAergic genes may be investigated further to inform treatment development efforts for this condition that currently has no medication with a formal indication for its treatment.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ma GP, Yang BZ, Zhang YS, Wang B, Wei XH, Zhang RF, Jia KH, Gao JP. Protective effects of miRNA-589 on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1269-1275. [PMID: 32896113 DOI: 10.23812/20-52-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To uncover the potential influence of microRNA-589 (miRNA-589) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and the underlying mechanism, BV2 cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or conditioned medium (CM) of primary cortical neurons undergoing oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Regulatory effects of miRNA-589 on the release of inflammatory factors in BV2 cells induced with LPS or CM of primary cortical neurons undergoing OGD were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The interaction between miRNA-589 and TRAF6 was finally assessed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. MiRNA-589 was downregulated in BV2 cells induced with LPS or CM of primary cortical neurons undergoing OGD. Overexpression of miRNA-589 reduced the release of inflammatory factors in LPS or CM-induced BV2 cells. TRAF6 was verified to be the downstream gene of miRNA-589, and its level was negatively regulated by miRNA-589. MiRNA-589 is downregulated following cerebral IRI and alleviates inflammatory response through negatively regulating TRAF6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G P Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Tianshui, Tianshui, China
| | - B Z Yang
- Department of Special Needs Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Tianshui, Tianshui, China
| | - Y S Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Tianshui, Tianshui, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Tianshui, Tianshui, China
| | - X H Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Tianshui, Tianshui, China
| | - R F Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Tianshui, Tianshui, China
| | - K H Jia
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Tianshui, Tianshui, China
| | - J P Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Tianshui, Tianshui, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Araújo CM, Hudziak J, Crocetti D, Wymbs NF, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Orr C, Albaugh MD, Althoff RR, O'Loughlin K, Holbrook H, Garavan H, Yang BZ, Mostofsky S, Jackowski A, Lee RS, Gelernter J, Kaufman J. Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP) gene methylation and corpus callosum measures in maltreated children. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 298:111058. [PMID: 32120304 PMCID: PMC11079625 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to evaluate the impact of Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP) methylation on structural and fractional anisotropy (FA) corpus callosum (CC) measures. TPPP is involved in the development of white matter tracts in the brain and was implicated in stress-related psychiatric disorders in an unbiased whole epigenome methylation study. The cohort included 63 participants (11.73 y/o ±1.91) from a larger study investigating risk and resilience in maltreated children. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to process the structural data, fractional anisotropy (FA) was determined using an atlas-based approach, and DNA specimens were derived from saliva in two batches using the 450 K (N = 39) and 850 K (N = 24) Illumina arrays, with the data from each batch analyzed separately. After controlling for multiple comparisons and relevant covariates (e.g., demographics, brain volume, cell composition, 3 PCs), 850 K derived TPPP methylation values, in interaction with a dimensional measure of children's trauma experiences, predicted left and right CC body volumes and genu, body and splenium FA (p < .007, all comparisons). The findings in the splenium replicated in subjects with the 450 K data. The results extend prior investigations and suggest a role for TPPP in brain changes associated with stress-related psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Célia Maria de Araújo
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - James Hudziak
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Deana Crocetti
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States
| | - Nicholas F Wymbs
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States
| | | | - Catherine Orr
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Matthew D Albaugh
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Robert R Althoff
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kerry O'Loughlin
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Hannah Holbrook
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Stewart Mostofsky
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, , United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Richard S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Veterans Administration, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Joan Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duan GX, Han J, Yang BZ, Xie YP, Lu X. Oxometalate and phosphine ligand co-protected silver nanoclusters: Ag 28(dppb) 6(MO 4) 4 and Ag 32(dppb) 12(MO 4) 4(NO 3) 4. Nanoscale 2020; 12:1617-1622. [PMID: 31872837 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07779k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thiols, alkynyls and phosphines are the most widely used organic ligands to attain atomically precise metal nanoclusters, while oxometalates as inorganic ligands have almost been neglected in this field. Here, we used oxometalates (e.g., MoO42- and WO42-) as protecting ligands along with phosphines, such as 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (dppb), to design and synthesize a new class of silver nanoclusters including Ag28(dppb)6(MoO4)4, Ag28(dppb)6(WO4)4 and Ag32(dppb)12(MoO4)4(NO3)4. Each cluster consists of a two-shell Ag4@Ag24 core protected by 4 oxometalates. These clusters exhibit similar optical absorption and photoluminescence properties that are not dependent on surface ligands. Furthermore, the electronic structure analysis shows that the clusters are 20-electron "superatoms". This work demonstrates that oxometalates can play a key role in the formation of silver nanoclusters, and the effect of oxometalates should be considered in the design and synthesis of metal nanoclusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xiong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang BZ, Zhou H, Cheng Z, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. Genomewide Gene-by-Sex Interaction Scans Identify ADGRV1 for Sex Differences in Opioid Dependent African Americans. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18070. [PMID: 31792237 PMCID: PMC6889277 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53560-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in opioid dependence (OD) are genetically influenced. We conducted genomewide gene-by-sex interaction scans for the DSM-IV diagnosis of OD in 8,387 African-American (AA) or European-American subjects (43.6% women; 4,715 OD subjects). Among AAs, 9 SNPs were genome-wide significant at ADGRV1 (adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor V1, lead-SNP rs2366929*(C/T), p = 1.5 × 10-9) for sex-different risk of OD, with the rs2366929*C-allele increasing OD risk only for men. The top co-expressions in brain were between ADGRV1 and GRIK2 in substantia nigra and medullary inferior olivary nucleus, and between ADGRV1 and EFHC2 in frontal cortex and putamen. Significant sex-differential ADGRV1 expression from GTEx was detected in breast (Bonferroni-corrected-p < 0.002) and in heart (p < 0.0125), with nominal significance identified in brain, thyroid, lung, and stomach (p < 0.05). ADGRV1 co-expression and disease-enrichment analysis identifying the top 10 diseases showed strikingly sexually dimorphic risks. The enrichment and transcriptome analyses provided convergent support that ADGRV1 exerts a sex-different effect on OD risk. This is the first study to identify genetic variants contributing to sex differences in OD. It shows that ADGRV1 contributes to OD risk only in AA men, a finding that warrants further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhongshan Cheng
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA.
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale University School of Medicine, Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xiang B, Yang BZ, Zhou H, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. GWAS and network analysis of co-occurring nicotine and alcohol dependence identifies significantly associated alleles and network. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2019; 180:3-11. [PMID: 30488612 PMCID: PMC6918694 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol dependence (AD) and nicotine dependence (ND) co-occur frequently (AD+ND). We integrated SNP-based, gene-based, and protein-protein interaction network analyses to identify shared risk genes or gene subnetworks for AD+ND in African Americans (AAs, N = 2,094) and European Americans (EAs, N = 1,207). The DSM-IV criterion counts for AD and ND were modeled as two dependent variables in a multivariate linear mixed model, and analyzed separately for the two populations. The most significant SNP was rs6579845 in EAs (p < 1.29 × 10-8 ) in GM2A, which encodes GM2 ganglioside activator, and is a cis-expression quantitative locus that affects GM2A expression in blood and brain tissues. However, this SNP was not replicated in our another small sample (N = 678). We identified a subnetwork of 24 genes that contributed to the AD+ND criterion counts. In the gene-set analysis for the subnetwork in an independent sample, the Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment project (predominately EAs), these 24 genes as a set differed in AD+ND versus control subjects in EAs (p = .041). Functional enrichment analysis for this subnetwork revealed that the gene enrichment involved primarily nerve growth factor pathways, and cocaine and amphetamine addiction. In conclusion, we identified a genome-wide significant variant at GM2A and a gene subnetwork underlying the genetic trait of shared AD+ND. These results increase our understanding of the shared (pleiotropic) genetic risk that underlies AD+ND.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania and VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA,Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kuo SC, Yeh YW, Chen CY, Huang CC, Ho PS, Liang CS, Lin CL, Yeh TC, Tsou CC, Yang BZ, Lu RB, Huang SY. Differential effect of the DRD3 genotype on inflammatory cytokine responses during abstinence in amphetamine-dependent women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 97:37-46. [PMID: 30005280 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Amphetamine exposure impacts on innate and adaptive immunity and DRD3 may modulate the effect of amphetamine on the immune response. We assessed the immune-cytokine markers in 72 female patients with amphetamine dependence (AD) at baseline and after 4-week drug abstinence and in 51 healthy women. Multiplex magnetic bead assay was used to measure the plasma cytokine expression level simultaneously in all participants and DRD3 rs6280 polymorphism was genotyped in patients. We demonstrated an increase of the T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines (IL-2), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10) and other cytokines (IL-1β) in the entire AD cohort. A similar cytokine pattern, along with a significantly decreased IL-8 and IL-10 levels was observed after 4-week abstinence. Among AD patients with DRD3 rs6280 TT genotype, the cytokine expression profile was consistent with total AD cohort at baseline and revealed a significant down-regulated plasma level of the Th1, Th2, and other cytokines except for IL-6 after 4-week abstinence. In AD group with DRD3 rs6280 C allele carrier, we found IL-2 level was significantly higher than healthy controls at baseline and remained higher, accompanied with a borderline increase in IL-4, IL-6 and IL-1β levels after 4-week abstinence. Our results suggest that chronic use of amphetamine increased both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in AD patients, indicating the immune imbalance that may persist for 4 weeks or more. Besides, DRD3 rs6280 TT genotype may be associated with favorable recovery in general inflammatory cytokines during period of abstinence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Chang Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Wei Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Yen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chang-Chih Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taipei Branch, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Shen Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Sung Liang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Long Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Hsinchu Branch, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Chuan Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chang-Chih Tsou
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - San-Yuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaufman J, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Holbrook H, O’Loughlin K, Orr C, Kearney C, Yang BZ, Wang T, Zhao H, Althoff R, Garavan H, Gelernter J, Hudziak J. Adverse Childhood Experiences, Epigenetic Measures, and Obesity in Youth. J Pediatr 2018; 202:150-156.e3. [PMID: 30177354 PMCID: PMC6513669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if measures of adverse childhood experiences and DNA methylation relate to indices of obesity in youth. STUDY DESIGN Participants were derived from a cohort of 321 8 to 15-year-old children recruited for an investigation examining risk and resilience and psychiatric outcomes in maltreated children. Assessments of obesity were collected as an add-on for a subset of 234 participants (56% female; 52% maltreated). Illumina arrays were used to examine whole genome epigenetic predictors of obesity in saliva DNA. For analytic purposes, the cohort analyzed in the first batch comprised the discovery sample (n = 160), and the cohort analyzed in the second batch the replication sample (n = 74). RESULTS After controlling for race, sex, age, cell heterogeneity, 3 principal components, and whole genome testing, 10 methylation sites were found to interact with adverse childhood experiences to predict cross-sectional measures of body mass index, and an additional 6 sites were found to exert a main effect in predicting body mass index (P < 5.0 × 10-7, all comparisons). Eight of the methylation sites were in genes previously associated with obesity risk (eg, PCK2, CxCl10, BCAT1, HID1, PRDM16, MADD, PXDN, GALE), with several of the findings from the discovery data set replicated in the second cohort. CONCLUSIONS This study lays the groundwork for future longitudinal studies to elucidate these mechanisms further and identify novel interventions to alleviate the health burdens associated with early adversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Kaufman
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT.
| | | | - Hannah Holbrook
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Kerry O’Loughlin
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Catherine Orr
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Catherine Kearney
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT,Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Robert Althoff
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT,Veterans Administration, West Haven, CT
| | - James Hudziak
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kaufman J, Wymbs NF, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Orr C, Albaugh MD, Althoff R, O’Loughlin K, Holbrook H, Garavan H, Kearney C, Yang BZ, Zhao H, Peña C, Nestler EJ, Lee RS, Mostofsky S, Gelernter J, Hudziak J. Methylation in OTX2 and related genes, maltreatment, and depression in children. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018; 43:2204-2211. [PMID: 30089883 PMCID: PMC6135753 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Through unbiased transcriptomics and multiple molecular tools, transient downregulation of the Orthodenticle homeobox 2 (OTX2) gene was recently causatively associated with the development of depressive-like behaviors in a mouse model of early life stress. The analyses presented in this manuscript test the translational applicability of these findings by examining peripheral markers of methylation of OTX2 and OTX2-regulated genes in relation to measures of depression and resting-state functional connectivity data collected as part of a larger study examining risk and resilience in maltreated children. The sample included 157 children between the ages of 8 and 15 years (χ = 11.4, SD = 1.9). DNA specimens were derived from saliva samples and processed using the Illumina 450 K beadchip. A subset of children (N = 47) with DNA specimens also had resting-state functional MRI data. After controlling for demographic factors, cell heterogeneity, and three principal components, maltreatment history and methylation in OTX2 significantly predicted depression in the children. In terms of the imaging data, increased OTX2 methylation was found to be associated with increased functional connectivity between the right vmPFC and bilateral regions of the medial frontal cortex and the cingulate, including the subcallosal gyrus, frontal pole, and paracingulate gyrus-key structures implicated in depression. Mouse models of early stress hold significant promise in helping to unravel the mechanisms by which child adversity confers risk for psychopathology, with data presented in this manuscript supporting a potential role for OTX2 and OTX2-related (e.g., WNT1, PAX6) genes in the pathophysiology of stress-related depressive disorders in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Kaufman
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Nicholas F. Wymbs
- 0000 0004 0427 667Xgrid.240023.7Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD USA
| | | | - Catherine Orr
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Matthew D. Albaugh
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Robert Althoff
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Kerry O’Loughlin
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Hannah Holbrook
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Catherine Kearney
- 0000 0004 0427 667Xgrid.240023.7Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- 0000000419368710grid.47100.32Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- 0000000419368710grid.47100.32Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Catherine Peña
- 0000 0001 0670 2351grid.59734.3cFishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Eric J. Nestler
- 0000 0001 0670 2351grid.59734.3cFishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Richard S. Lee
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Stewart Mostofsky
- 0000 0004 0427 667Xgrid.240023.7Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- 0000000419368710grid.47100.32Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA ,0000000419368710grid.47100.32Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA ,0000 0004 0478 7015grid.418356.dVeterans Administration, West Haven, CT USA
| | - James Hudziak
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Parent J, Parade SH, Laumann LE, Ridout KK, Yang BZ, Marsit CJ, Seifer R, Tyrka AR. Dynamic stress-related epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene promoter during early development: The role of child maltreatment. Dev Psychopathol 2017; 29:1635-1648. [PMID: 29162170 PMCID: PMC5726533 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics processes may play a vital role in the biological embedding of early environmental adversity and the development of psychopathology. Accumulating evidence suggests that maltreatment is linked to methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene, nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (NR3C1), which is a key regulator of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. However, prior work has been exclusively cross-sectional, greatly constraining our understanding of stress-related epigenetic processes over time. In the current study, we examined the effect of maltreatment and other adversity on change in NR3C1 methylation among at-risk preschoolers to begin to characterize within-child epigenetic changes during this sensitive developmental period. Participants were 260 preschoolers (3-5 years old, 53.8% female), including 51.5% with moderate to severe maltreatment in the past 6 months. Child protection records, semistructured interviews, and parent reports were used to assess child stress exposure. Methylation of exons 1D and 1F of NR3C1 via saliva DNA were measured at two time points approximately 6 months apart. Results indicate that maltreated children evidence higher baseline levels of NR3C1 methylation, significant decreases in methylation over time, and then at follow-up, lower levels of methylation, relative to nonmaltreated preschoolers. Findings from the current study highlight the complex nature of stress-related epigenetic processes during early development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Parent
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
- Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, E. P. Bradley Hospital
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University
| | - Stephanie H. Parade
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
- Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, E. P. Bradley Hospital
| | - Laura E. Laumann
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital
| | - Kathryn K. Ridout
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University
| | - Ronald Seifer
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
- Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, E. P. Bradley Hospital
| | - Audrey R. Tyrka
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou H, Polimanti R, Yang BZ, Wang Q, Han S, Sherva R, Nuñez YZ, Zhao H, Farrer LA, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. Genetic Risk Variants Associated With Comorbid Alcohol Dependence and Major Depression. JAMA Psychiatry 2017; 74:1234-1241. [PMID: 29071344 PMCID: PMC6331050 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.3275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Alcohol dependence (AD) and major depression (MD) are leading causes of disability that often co-occur. Genetic epidemiologic data have shown that AD and MD share a common possible genetic cause. The molecular nature of this shared genetic basis is poorly understood. Objectives To detect genetic risk variants for comorbid AD and MD and to determine whether polygenic risk alleles are shared with neuropsychiatric traits or subcortical brain volumes. Design, Setting, and Participants This genome-wide association study analyzed criterion counts of comorbid AD and MD in African American and European American data sets collected as part of the Yale-Penn study of the genetics of drug and alcohol dependence from February 14, 1999, to January 13, 2015. After excluding participants never exposed to alcohol or with missing information for any diagnostic criterion, genome-wide association studies were performed on 2 samples (the Yale-Penn 1 and Yale-Penn 2 samples) totaling 4653 African American participants and 3169 European American participants (analyzed separately). Tests were performed to determine whether polygenic risk scores derived from potentially related traits in European American participants could be used to estimate comorbid AD and MD. Main Outcomes and Measures Comorbid criterion counts (ranging from 0 to 14) for AD (7 criteria) and MD (9 criteria, scaled to 7) as defined by the DSM-IV. Results Of the 7822 participants (3342 women and 4480 men; mean [SD] age, 40.1 [10.7] years), the median comorbid criterion count was 6.2 (interquartile range, 2.3-10.9). Under the linear regression model, rs139438618 at the semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A [OMIM 603961]) locus was significantly associated with AD and MD comorbidity in African American participants in the Yale-Penn 1 sample (β = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.57-1.20; P = 2.76 × 10-8). In the independent Yale-Penn 2 sample, the association was also significant (β = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.39-1.28; P = 2.06 × 10-4). Meta-analysis of the 2 samples yielded a more robust association (β = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.61-1.12; P = 2.41 × 10-11). There was no significant association identified in European American participants. Analyses of polygenic risk scores showed that individuals with a higher risk of neuroticism (β = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.50-1.52) or depressive symptoms (β = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.32-1.42) and a lower level of subjective well-being (β = -0.94; 95% CI, -1.46 to -0.42) and educational attainment (β = -1.00, 95% CI, -1.57 to -0.44) had a higher level of AD and MD comorbidity, while larger intracranial (β = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.50 to 1.64) and smaller putamen volumes (β = -1.16; 95% CI, -1.86 to -0.46) were associated with higher risks of AD and MD comorbidity. Conclusions and Relevance SEMA3A variation is significantly and replicably associated with comorbid AD and MD in African American participants. Analyses of polygenic risk scores identified pleiotropy with neuropsychiatric traits and brain volumes. Further studies are warranted to understand the biological and genetic mechanisms of this comorbidity, which could facilitate development of medications and other treatments for comorbid AD and MD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven
| | - Qian Wang
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Richard Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yaira Z. Nuñez
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut,Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Genetics and Genomics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia,Veterans Integrated Service Network 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang BZ, Arias AJ, Feinn R, Krystal JH, Gelernter J, Petrakis IL. GRIK1 and GABRA2 Variants Have Distinct Effects on the Dose-Related Subjective Response to Intravenous Alcohol in Healthy Social Drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:2025-2032. [PMID: 29131352 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heritable risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) is expressed partly through alterations in subjective alcohol response. In this study, we investigated the effects of 2 AUD-risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms, GABRA2 rs279858 and GRIK1 rs2832407, on the subjective response to alcohol administered intravenously to healthy social drinkers in a laboratory setting. METHODS In total, 93 self-identified European American social drinkers underwent 3 blinded laboratory sessions in which they received intravenous infusions of ethanol at 3 target blood alcohol levels (0.00 mg%, 40 mg%, and 100 mg%) using a "clamp" procedure. The self-reported Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale (BAES) stimulation and sedation subscales were the primary outcome measures. We examined the effects of these 2 genetic variants on subjective response to alcohol. RESULTS For the BAES stimulation subscale scores, adjusting for age, baseline scores, and time effects, individuals with 2 copies of the GABRA2 rs279858 C "risk" allele for AUD exhibited the greatest stimulant responses to high-dose alcohol compared to the other risk allele counts (dose-by-allele count interaction effect, p = 0.001, post hoc contrast for C-allele, p = 0.012). For the BAES sedation subscale scores, adjusting for the same covariates, we detected a dose-by-allele count interaction effect (p = 0.0044) such that subjects with 2 copies of the GRIK1 C "risk" allele reported the greatest sedative response to the higher alcohol dose. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that gene variants contributing to the risk for AUD may alter features of the alcohol dose-response relationship in specific ways. GABRA2 rs279858*C enhances stimulant responses to higher levels of alcohol, while the GRIK1 rs2832407*C-allele increases sedative responses. In summary, GRIK1 and GABRA2 variants have distinct effects on the dose-related subjective response to intravenous alcohol in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Alcohol Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System (116-A), West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Albert J Arias
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Alcohol Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System (116-A), West Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Alcohol Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System (116-A), West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Alcohol Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System (116-A), West Haven, Connecticut.,Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ismene L Petrakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Alcohol Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System (116-A), West Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang BZ, Han S, Kranzler HR, Palmer AA, Gelernter J. Sex-specific linkage scans in opioid dependence. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2017; 174:261-268. [PMID: 27762075 PMCID: PMC5695218 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sex influences risk for opioid dependence (OD). We hypothesized that sex might interact with genetic loci that influence the risk for OD. Therefore we performed an analysis to identify sex-specific genomic susceptibility regions for OD using linkage. Over 6,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were genotyped for 1,758 African- and European-American (AA and EA) individuals from 739 families, ascertained via affected sib-pairs with OD and/or cocaine dependence. Autosomewide non-parametric linkage scans, stratified by sex and population, were performed. We identified one significant linkage region, segregating with OD in EA men, at 71.1 cM on chromosome 4 (LOD = 3.29; point-wise P = 0.00005; empirical autosome-wide P = 0.042), which significantly differed from the linkage signal at the same location in EA women (empirical P = 0.002). Three suggestive linkage signals were identified at 181.3 cM on chromosome 7 (LOD = 2.18), 104 cM on chromosome 11 (LOD = 1.85), and 60.9 cM on chromosome 16 (LOD = 1.93) in EA women. In AA men, four suggestive linkage signals were detected at 201.1 cM on chromosome 3 (LOD = 2.32), 152.9 cM on chromosome 6 (LOD = 1.86), 16.8 cM on chromosome 7 (LOD = 1.95), and 36.1 cM on chromosome 17 (LOD = 1.99). The significant region, mapping to 4q12-4q13.1, harbors several OD candidate genes with interconnected functionality, including VEGFR, CLOCK, PDCL2, NMU, NRSF, and IGFBP7. In conclusion, these results provide an evidence for the existence of sex-specific and population-specific differences in OD. Furthermore, these results provide positional information that will facilitate the use of targeted next-generation sequencing to search for genes that contribute to sex-specific differences in OD. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Abraham A. Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang BZ, Balodis IM, Lacadie CM, Xu J, Potenza MN. A Preliminary Study of DBH (Encoding Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase) Genetic Variation and Neural Correlates of Emotional and Motivational Processing in Individuals With and Without Pathological Gambling. J Behav Addict 2016; 5:282-92. [PMID: 27194378 PMCID: PMC5387779 DOI: 10.1556/2006.5.2016.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Corticostriatal-limbic neurocircuitry, emotional and motivational processing, dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems and genetic factors have all been implicated in pathological gambling (PG). However, allelic variants of genes influencing dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmitters have not been investigated with respect to the neural correlates of emotional and motivational states in PG. Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) converts dopamine to norepinephrine; the T allele of a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1611115 (C-1021T) in the DBH gene is associated with less DBH activity and has been linked to emotional processes and addiction. Here, we investigate the influence of rs1611115 on the neural correlates of emotional and motivational processing in PG and healthy comparison (HC) participants. Methods While undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging, 18 PG and 25 HC participants, all European Americans, viewed gambling-, sad-, and cocaine-related videotapes. Analyses focused on brain activation differences related to DBH genotype (CC/T-carrier [i.e., CT and TT]) and condition (sad/gambling/cocaine). Results CC participants demonstrated greater recruitment of corticostriatal-limbic regions, relative to T-carriers. DBH variants were also associated with altered corticostriatal-limbic activations across the different videotape conditions, and this association appeared to be driven by greater activation in CC participants relative to T-carriers during the sad condition. CC relative to T-carrier subjects also reported greater subjective sadness to the sad videotapes. Conclusions Individual differences in genetic composition linked to aminergic function contribute significantly to emotional regulation across diagnostic groups and warrant further investigation in PG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Iris M. Balodis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cheryl M. Lacadie
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiansong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,CASAColumbia, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA,Corresponding author: Marc N. Potenza, MD, PhD; Connecticut Mental Health Center, Room S-104, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Phone: +1 203 974 7365; Fax: +1 203 974 7366; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huang S, Yang BZ, Ren AM. Theoretical investigation on ratiometric two-photon fluorescent probe for Zn2+ detection based on ICT mechanism. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
21
|
Esterlis I, Hillmer AT, Bois F, Pittman B, McGovern E, O'Malley SS, Picciotto MR, Yang BZ, Gelernter J, Cosgrove KP. CHRNA4 and ANKK1 Polymorphisms Influence Smoking-Induced Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Upregulation. Nicotine Tob Res 2016; 18:1845-52. [PMID: 27611310 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco smoking leads to increased numbers of β2*-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (β2*-nAChRs) throughout the brain, which return to nonsmoker levels over extended abstinence. The goal of the current study was to determine whether the degree of tobacco smoking-induced changes in β2*-nAChR availability is genetically influenced. METHODS In this study, 113 European Americans participated in one or two [(123)I]5-IA-85380 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) brain scans. Smokers (n = 58) participated in one scan at 7-9 days of abstinence and those who remained abstinent (n = 27) were imaged again at 6-8 weeks of abstinence. Age- and sex-matched nonsmokers (n = 55) participated in one scan. Blood samples were collected for DNA analysis and genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CHRNA4 and ANKK1 gene loci. β2*-nAChR availability was measured in the thalamus, striatum, cortical regions, and cerebellum. RESULTS The CHRNA4 SNP rs2236196 and ANKK1 SNP rs4938015 were associated with significantly higher cerebellar and cortical β2*-nAChR availability in smokers versus nonsmokers for specific genotypes. There were no significant differences by carrier status in the change in β2*-nAChR availability in smokers from 7-9 days to 6-8 weeks of abstinence. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for genetic regulation of tobacco smoking-induced changes in β2*-nAChR availability and suggests that β2*-nAChR availability could be an endophenotype mediating influences of CHRNA4 variants on nicotine dependence. These results highlight individual differences in the neurochemistry of nicotine dependence and may suggest the need for individualized programs for smoking cessation. IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrates genetic regulation of smoking-induced changes in β2*-nAChRs throughout the brain and highlights the need for personalized programs for smoking cessation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Esterlis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ansel T Hillmer
- Department of Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Frederic Bois
- Department of Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Brian Pittman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Erin McGovern
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Marina R Picciotto
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT
| | - Kelly P Cosgrove
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Huang S, Yang BZ, Jiang XF, Ren AM. Computational design of zinc-ion-responsive two-photon fluorescent probes with conjugated multi-structures. J Mol Model 2016; 22:34. [PMID: 26781662 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2887-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of conjugated multi-structured fluorescent probe molecules based on a salen ligand were designed and investigated in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent using a quantum-chemical method. The results indicate that the one-photon absorption and fluorescence emission spectra (λ (O) and λ (EM)) of these molecules generally show redshifts (of 23.1-74.5 and 22.7-116.6 nm, respectively) upon the coordination of the molecules to Zn(2+). Large Stokes shifts (1511.2-11744.1 cm(-1)) were found for the molecules, meaning that interference between λ (O) and λ (EM) can be avoided for these molecules. The two-photon absorption spectra of the molecules usually present blueshifts, but the two-photon absorption cross-section (δ) greatly increases (by 221.5-868.0 GM) upon the coordination of the molecules with Zn(2+). Most of the molecules show strong two-photon absorption peaks in the range 678.2-824.4 nm, i.e., in the near-infrared region. In a word, the expanded π-conjugated frameworks of these molecules lead to redshifted λ (O) and λ (EM) and enhanced δ values. Moreover, (L-phenyl)2 and (L-phenyl-ethynyl)2 are the most suitable of the multi-structured molecules examined in this work for use as two-photon fluorescent probes for zinc ion detection in vivo. Graphical Abstract Scheme of the calculated transition energies (E0k and E0n) and the transition dipole moments (M0k and Mkn). NTO 109, NTO 197 and NTO 228 of Zn(L-phenyl-ethynyl), Zn2(L-phenyl-ethynyl)2 and Zn3(L-phenyl)3 for one-photon absorption, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Huang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing-Fang Jiang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Min Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Huang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Fu Guo
- School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Min Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Stephens SH, Hartz SM, Hoft NR, Saccone NL, Corley RC, Hewitt JK, Hopfer CJ, Breslau N, Coon H, Chen X, Ducci F, Dueker N, Franceschini N, Frank J, Han Y, Hansel NN, Jiang C, Korhonen T, Lind PA, Liu J, Lyytikäinen LP, Michel M, Shaffer JR, Short SE, Sun J, Teumer A, Thompson JR, Vogelzangs N, Vink JM, Wenzlaff A, Wheeler W, Yang BZ, Aggen SH, Balmforth AJ, Baumeister SE, Beaty TH, Benjamin DJ, Bergen AW, Broms U, Cesarini D, Chatterjee N, Chen J, Cheng YC, Cichon S, Couper D, Cucca F, Dick D, Foroud T, Furberg H, Giegling I, Gillespie NA, Gu F, Hall AS, Hällfors J, Han S, Hartmann AM, Heikkilä K, Hickie IB, Hottenga JJ, Jousilahti P, Kaakinen M, Kähönen M, Koellinger PD, Kittner S, Konte B, Landi MT, Laatikainen T, Leppert M, Levy SM, Mathias RA, McNeil DW, Medland SE, Montgomery GW, Murray T, Nauck M, North KE, Paré PD, Pergadia M, Ruczinski I, Salomaa V, Viikari J, Willemsen G, Barnes KC, Boerwinkle E, Boomsma DI, Caporaso N, Edenberg HJ, Francks C, Gelernter J, Grabe HJ, Hops H, Jarvelin MR, Johannesson M, Kendler KS, Lehtimäki T, Magnusson PK, Marazita ML, Marchini J, Mitchell BD, Nöthen MM, Penninx BW, Raitakari O, Rietschel M, Rujescu D, Samani NJ, Schwartz AG, Shete S, Spitz M, Swan GE, Völzke H, Veijola J, Wei Q, Amos C, Cannon DS, Grucza R, Hatsukami D, Heath A, Johnson EO, Kaprio J, Madden P, Martin NG, Stevens VL, Weiss RB, Kraft P, Bierut LJ, Ehringer MA. Distinct loci in the CHRNA5/CHRNA3/CHRNB4 gene cluster are associated with onset of regular smoking. Genet Epidemiol 2013; 37:846-59. [PMID: 24186853 PMCID: PMC3947535 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) genes (CHRNA5/CHRNA3/CHRNB4) have been reproducibly associated with nicotine dependence, smoking behaviors, and lung cancer risk. Of the few reports that have focused on early smoking behaviors, association results have been mixed. This meta-analysis examines early smoking phenotypes and SNPs in the gene cluster to determine: (1) whether the most robust association signal in this region (rs16969968) for other smoking behaviors is also associated with early behaviors, and/or (2) if additional statistically independent signals are important in early smoking. We focused on two phenotypes: age of tobacco initiation (AOI) and age of first regular tobacco use (AOS). This study included 56,034 subjects (41 groups) spanning nine countries and evaluated five SNPs including rs1948, rs16969968, rs578776, rs588765, and rs684513. Each dataset was analyzed using a centrally generated script. Meta-analyses were conducted from summary statistics. AOS yielded significant associations with SNPs rs578776 (beta = 0.02, P = 0.004), rs1948 (beta = 0.023, P = 0.018), and rs684513 (beta = 0.032, P = 0.017), indicating protective effects. There were no significant associations for the AOI phenotype. Importantly, rs16969968, the most replicated signal in this region for nicotine dependence, cigarettes per day, and cotinine levels, was not associated with AOI (P = 0.59) or AOS (P = 0.92). These results provide important insight into the complexity of smoking behavior phenotypes, and suggest that association signals in the CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene cluster affecting early smoking behaviors may be different from those affecting the mature nicotine dependence phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H. Stephens
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sarah M. Hartz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Nicole R. Hoft
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Nancy L. Saccone
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Robin C. Corley
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - John K. Hewitt
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Christian J. Hopfer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Naomi Breslau
- Department of Epidemiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hilary Coon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Francesca Ducci
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London and Department of Mental Health, St George’s University, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicole Dueker
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Clinical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Younghun Han
- Department of Epidemiology, MD Anderson, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nadia N. Hansel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chenhui Jiang
- Departments of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Tellervo Korhonen
- Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Penelope A. Lind
- Department of Epidemiology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason Liu
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Martha Michel
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, United States of America
| | - John R. Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Susan E. Short
- Department of Sociology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Juzhong Sun
- Department of Epidemiology Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Alexander Teumer
- University Medicine Greifswald, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - John R. Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Vogelzangs
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline M. Vink
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Wenzlaff
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - William Wheeler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Departments of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Steven H. Aggen
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Anthony J. Balmforth
- LIGHT Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Terri H. Beaty
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Benjamin
- Department of Economics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew W. Bergen
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, United States of America
| | - Ulla Broms
- Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Cesarini
- Department of Economics, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jingchun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Yu-Ching Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1); Structural and Functional Organization of the Brain Genomic Imaging; Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center; Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany; Life and Brain Center and Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - David Couper
- Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Danielle Dick
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Helena Furberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Nathan A. Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Fangyi Gu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alistair S. Hall
- LIGHT Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jenni Hällfors
- Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shizhong Han
- Departments of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | | | - Kauko Heikkilä
- Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ian B. Hickie
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marika Kaakinen
- Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Philipp D. Koellinger
- Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stephen Kittner
- Department of Neurology, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bettina Konte
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Maria-Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark Leppert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Steven M. Levy
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry and Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniel W. McNeil
- Department of Psychology and Dental Practice and Rural Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- Department of Epidemiology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Grant W. Montgomery
- Department of Epidemiology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tanda Murray
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthias Nauck
- University Medicine Greifswald, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Peter D. Paré
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michele Pergadia
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kathleen C. Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Clyde Francks
- Department of the MPI Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Departments of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- University Medicine Greifswald, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hyman Hops
- Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland; Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - Magnus Johannesson
- Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kenneth S. Kendler
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Patrik K.E. Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Marchini
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Markus M. Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Life and Brain Center, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Brenda W. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Clinical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ann G. Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, MD Anderson, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Margaret Spitz
- Department of Epidemiology, MD Anderson, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gary E. Swan
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, United States of America
| | - Henry Völzke
- University Medicine Greifswald, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Juha Veijola
- Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, MD Anderson, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chris Amos
- Department of Epidemiology, MD Anderson, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dale S. Cannon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Richard Grucza
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Dorothy Hatsukami
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Andrew Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Eric O. Johnson
- Department of Behavioral Health Epidemiology, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pamela Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Nicholas G. Martin
- Department of Epidemiology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Victoria L. Stevens
- Department of Epidemiology Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Robert B. Weiss
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Laura J. Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Marissa A. Ehringer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Arias AJ, Covault J, Feinn R, Pond T, Yang BZ, Ge W, Oncken C, Kranzler HR. A GABRA2 variant is associated with increased stimulation and 'high' following alcohol administration. Alcohol Alcohol 2013; 49:1-9. [PMID: 24166645 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agt163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Variation in genes encoding GABAA receptor subunits has been implicated in the risk of alcohol dependence (AD). We sought to replicate and extend previous findings of a moderating effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GABRA2 (which encodes the GABAA α-2 subunit) on the subjective effects of alcohol by examining SNPs in this and the adjacent GABRG1 gene on chromosome 4. METHODS Fifty-two European-Americans (22 males, 28 light drinkers and 24 heavy drinkers) completed 3 laboratory sessions, during which they drank low-dose, high-dose, or placebo alcohol prior to undergoing periodic assessments of stimulation, sedation and drug enjoyment. We genotyped subjects for three SNPs previously associated with AD: rs279858 in GABRA2, and rs7654165 and rs6447493 in GABRG1. RESULTS Two SNPs were associated with altered stimulatory effects of alcohol as measured on the Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale, (rs279858: P = 0.0046; rs6447493: P = 0.0023); both effects were in the opposite direction of previous findings. Carriers of the rs279858 C allele experienced greater stimulation from alcohol. Further inspection of the rs6447493 interaction did not support a pharmacogenetic effect. The effects of rs279858 (but not the other two SNPs) on items from a secondary outcome measure, the Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ), were significant. Higher ratings by individuals with the C allele were observed on the DEQ items 'feel the alcohol effect' (P < 0.001), 'like the alcohol effect' (P < 0.001) and feel 'high' (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION We did not find that the GABRG1 SNPs rs7654165 and rs6447493 moderated the effects of alcohol. Greater stimulatory and euphoric effects of alcohol in carriers of the rs279858 C allele may, in part, explain the previously reported association of this allele with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert J Arias
- Corresponding author: Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-1410, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Next generation sequencing (NGS) has been leading the genetic study of human disease into an era of unprecedented productivity. Many bioinformatics pipelines have been developed to call variants from NGS data. The performance of these pipelines depends crucially on the variant caller used and on the calling strategies implemented. We studied the performance of four prevailing callers, SAMtools, GATK, glftools and Atlas2, using single-sample and multiple-sample variant-calling strategies. Using the same aligner, BWA, we built four single-sample and three multiple-sample calling pipelines and applied the pipelines to whole exome sequencing data taken from 20 individuals. We obtained genotypes generated by Illumina Infinium HumanExome v1.1 Beadchip for validation analysis and then used Sanger sequencing as a “gold-standard” method to resolve discrepancies for selected regions of high discordance. Finally, we compared the sensitivity of three of the single-sample calling pipelines using known simulated whole genome sequence data as a gold standard. Overall, for single-sample calling, the called variants were highly consistent across callers and the pairwise overlapping rate was about 0.9. Compared with other callers, GATK had the highest rediscovery rate (0.9969) and specificity (0.99996), and the Ti/Tv ratio out of GATK was closest to the expected value of 3.02. Multiple-sample calling increased the sensitivity. Results from the simulated data suggested that GATK outperformed SAMtools and glfSingle in sensitivity, especially for low coverage data. Further, for the selected discrepant regions evaluated by Sanger sequencing, variant genotypes called by exome sequencing versus the exome array were more accurate, although the average variant sensitivity and overall genotype consistency rate were as high as 95.87% and 99.82%, respectively. In conclusion, GATK showed several advantages over other variant callers for general purpose NGS analyses. The GATK pipelines we developed perform very well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangtao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- VA CT Health Care Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- VA CT Health Care Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Zuoheng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- VA CT Health Care Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Departments of Genetics and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- VA CT Health Care Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have transformed the genetics study of human diseases; this is an era of unprecedented productivity. Exome sequencing, the targeted sequencing of the protein-coding portion of the human genome, has been shown to be a powerful and cost-effective method for detection of disease variants underlying Mendelian disorders. Increasing effort has been made in the interest of the identification of rare variants associated with complex traits in sequencing studies. Here we provided an overview of the application fields for exome sequencing in human diseases. We describe a general framework of computation and bioinformatics for handling sequencing data. We then demonstrate data quality and agreement between exome sequencing and exome microarray (chip) genotypes using data collected on the same set of subjects in a genetic study of panic disorder. Our results show that, in sequencing data, the data quality was generally higher for variants within the exonic target regions, compared to that outside the target regions, due to the target enrichment. We also compared genotype concordance for variant calls obtained by exome sequencing vs. exome genotyping microarrays. The overall consistency rate was >99.83% and the heterozygous consistency rate was >97.55%. The two platforms share a large amount of agreement over low frequency variants in the exonic regions, while exome sequencing provides much more information on variants not included on exome genotyping microarrays. The results demonstrate that exome sequencing data are of high quality and can be used to investigate the role of rare coding variants in human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuoheng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang S, Zou LY, Ren AM, Guo JF, Liu XT, Feng JK, Yang BZ. Computational Design of Two-Photon Fluorescent Probes for a Zinc Ion Based on a Salen Ligand. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:5702-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ic3022062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s
Republic of China
- School
of Mathematics and Physics, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Lu-Yi Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Ai-Min Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jing-Fu Guo
- School
of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130021, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Ji-Kang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- School
of Mathematics and Physics, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, People’s
Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen JZ, Wen N, Sun J, Li X, Yang BZ. [Effect of ultrasonic cavitation on ICP source radiation intensity]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2013; 33:1338-1341. [PMID: 23905347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In order to increase the intensity of inductively coupled plasma radiation and reduce the detection limit of analysis, the experiment studied on the change of surface tension and viscosity of the water samples which were processed by the ultrasonic cavitation, meanwhile the influence of cavitation effect to samples' spectral intensity and signal-to-background ratio was researched. The experimental results showed that the surface tension and viscosity of sample solution initially decreased and then increased as the ultrasonic power and cavitation time monotonously increased, and the minimum value could be achieved at the ultrasonic power of 50W and the cavitation time of 15 minutes. Under the best experiment condition (the ultrasonic power of 50W and the cavitation time of 15 min), the results revealed that the spectral lines intensity of element Al, Cd) Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were increased around 56.73%, 57.23%, 44.57%, 43.20%, 39.04% and 40.19% than that without cavitation treatment, spectral signal-background ratio increased about 61.54%, 64.86%, 40.95%, 52.27%, 37.84% and 40.84%, respectively. Thus it can be seen that cavitation-processed water solution can improve the quality of Inductively Coupled Plasma-atomic emission spectrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Zhong Chen
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yang BZ, Zhang H, Ge W, Weder N, Douglas-Palumberi H, Perepletchikova F, Gelernter J, Kaufman J. Child abuse and epigenetic mechanisms of disease risk. Am J Prev Med 2013; 44:101-7. [PMID: 23332324 PMCID: PMC3758252 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child abuse is highly prevalent and associated with increased risk for a range of health problems, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, psychiatric disorders, and other health problems. Little is currently known about the mechanism by which early adversity confers risk for health problems later in life. PURPOSE To determine if there are epigenetic differences associated with child maltreatment that may help explain association between adverse childhood experiences and later health problems. METHODS As part of a study examining genetic and environmental factors associated with depression, saliva DNA specimens were collected on 96 maltreated children removed from their parents due to abuse or neglect and 96 demographically matched control children between 2003 and 2010. In 2011, the Illumina 450K BeadChip was used on stored DNA specimens and analyzed to examine whole-genome methylation differences between maltreated and control children. RESULTS After controlling for multiple comparisons, maltreated and control children had significantly different methylation values at 2868 CpG sites (p<5.0 × 10(-7), all sites; average methylation difference per site=17%; range=1%-62%). The gene set contained numerous markers of diseases and biological processes related to the health problems associated with early childhood adversity. CONCLUSIONS Although replication is required, this study suggests that epigenetic mechanisms may be associated with risk for health problems later in life in maltreated children. This study lays the groundwork for future studies examining health and methylation measures to further characterize the role of epigenetic mechanisms in conferring risk for medical problems in individuals with histories of early adversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to test a hypothesis associating impulsivity with an elevated body mass index (BMI). METHODS To this end, we examined associations of BMI with putative genetic, neurophysiological, psychiatric, and psychological indicators of impulsivity in 78 women and 74 men formerly dependent on alcohol or drugs. A second analysis was designed to test the replicability of the genetic findings in an independent sample of 109 women and 111 men with a similar history of substance dependence. RESULTS The results of the first analysis showed that BMI was positively correlated with Total and Nonplanning Scale Scores on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and the number of childhood symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in women. It was also positively correlated, in women, with a GABRA2 variant previously implicated as a risk factor for substance dependence and an objective electroencephalographic feature previously associated with GABRA2 and relapse risk. The second analysis confirmed that the correlation between BMI and the substance-dependence-associated GABRA2 genotype was reliable and sex-specific. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that an elevated BMI is associated with genetic, neurophysiological, psychiatric, and psychological indicators of impulsivity. The sex difference may be explained by greater opportunities to eat and overeat, a preference for higher calorie foods, a longer duration of alcohol/drug abstinence, or previous pregnancies in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lance O Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-2103, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zayats T, Yang BZ, Xie P, Poling J, Farrer LA, Gelernter J. A complex interplay between personality domains, marital status and a variant in CHRNA5 on the risks of cocaine, nicotine dependences and cocaine-induced paranoia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e49368. [PMID: 23308091 PMCID: PMC3538653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Personality correlates highly with both cocaine and nicotine dependencies (CD, ND), and their co-morbid psychopathologies. However, little is known about the nature of these relationships. This study examined if environment (marriage) or genetics (a single SNP, CHRNA5*rs16969968) would moderate the correlation of personality with CD, ND and cocaine-induced paranoia (CIP) in African and European Americans (AAs, EAs). Methods 1432 EAs and 1513 AAs were examined using logistic regression. Personality was assessed by NEO-PI-R, while CD, ND and CIP were diagnosed according to DSM-IV. ND and CD were examined as binary traits and for the analysis of CIP, subjects were divided into 3 groups: (A) Controls with no CIP; (B) CD cases without CIP; and (C) CD cases with CIP. Multiple testing was Bonferroni-corrected. Results For CD and ND in the EA population, marital status proved to be a significant moderator in their relationship with openness only (OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.36–2.64, p = 1.54e-04 and OR = 2.12, 95%CI = 1.52–2.90, p = 4.65e-06 respectively). For CIP, marriage was observed to moderate its correlation with openness and neuroticism (OR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.18–1.63, p = 7.64e-04 and OR = 1.26, 95%CI = 1.12–1.42, p = 1.27e-03 respectively). The correlations moderated by rs16969968 were those of conscientiousness and CD (OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.23–2.12, p = 8.94e-04) as well as CIP (OR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.11–1.32, p = 4.93e-04 when comparing group A versus group C). No significant interactions were observed in AA population. The Bonferroni-corrected significance threshold was set to be 1.67e-03. Conclusion The role of personality in CD and CIP may be interceded by both environment and genetics, while in ND by environment only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Zayats
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Pingxing Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - James Poling
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- VACT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Departments of Medicine, Neurology, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Genomics, Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- VACT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Departments of Neurobiology and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Han S, Gelernter J, Kranzler HR, Yang BZ. Ordered subset linkage analysis based on admixture proportion identifies new linkage evidence for alcohol dependence in African-Americans. Hum Genet 2012; 132:397-403. [PMID: 23239122 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-012-1255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Genetic heterogeneity could reduce the power of linkage analysis to detect risk loci for complex traits such as alcohol dependence (AD). Previously, we performed a genomewide linkage analysis for AD in African-Americans (AAs) (Biol Psychiatry 65:111-115, 2009). The power of that linkage analysis could have been reduced by the presence of genetic heterogeneity owing to differences in admixture among AA families. We hypothesized that by examining a study sample whose genetic ancestry was more homogeneous, we could increase the power to detect linkage. To test this hypothesis, we performed ordered subset linkage analysis in 384 AA families using admixture proportion as a covariate to identify a more homogeneous subset of families and determine whether there is increased evidence for linkage with AD. Statistically significant increases in lod scores in subsets relative to the overall sample were identified on chromosomes 4 (P = 0.0001), 12 (P = 0.021), 15 (P = 0.026) and 22 (P = 0.0069). In a subset of 44 families with African ancestry proportions ranging from 0.858 to 0.996, we observed a genomewide significant linkage at 180 cM on chromosome 4 (lod = 4.24, pointwise P < 0.00001, empirical genomewide P = 0.008). A promising candidate gene located there, GLRA3, which encodes a subunit of the glycine neurotransmitter receptor. Our results demonstrate that admixture proportion can be used as a covariate to reduce genetic heterogeneity and enhance the detection of linkage for AD in an admixed population such as AAs. This approach could be applied to any linkage analysis for complex traits conducted in an admixed population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut and VA CT Healthcare Center 116A2, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hartz SM, Short SE, Saccone NL, Culverhouse R, Chen L, Schwantes-An TH, Coon H, Han Y, Stephens SH, Sun J, Chen X, Ducci F, Dueker N, Franceschini N, Frank J, Geller F, Gubjartsson D, Hansel NN, Jiang C, Keskitalo-Vuokko K, Liu Z, Lyytikäinen LP, Michel M, Rawal R, Rosenberger A, Scheet P, Shaffer JR, Teumer A, Thompson JR, Vink JM, Vogelzangs N, Wenzlaff AS, Wheeler W, Xiao X, Yang BZ, Aggen SH, Balmforth AJ, Baumeister SE, Beaty T, Bennett S, Bergen AW, Boyd HA, Broms U, Campbell H, Chatterjee N, Chen J, Cheng YC, Cichon S, Couper D, Cucca F, Dick DM, Foroud T, Furberg H, Giegling I, Gu F, Hall AS, Hällfors J, Han S, Hartmann AM, Hayward C, Heikkilä K, Hewitt JK, Hottenga JJ, Jensen MK, Jousilahti P, Kaakinen M, Kittner SJ, Konte B, Korhonen T, Landi MT, Laatikainen T, Leppert M, Levy SM, Mathias RA, McNeil DW, Medland SE, Montgomery GW, Muley T, Murray T, Nauck M, North K, Pergadia M, Polasek O, Ramos EM, Ripatti S, Risch A, Ruczinski I, Rudan I, Salomaa V, Schlessinger D, Styrkársdóttir U, Terracciano A, Uda M, Willemsen G, Wu X, Abecasis G, Barnes K, Bickeböller H, Boerwinkle E, Boomsma DI, Caporaso N, Duan J, Edenberg HJ, Francks C, Gejman PV, Gelernter J, Grabe HJ, Hops H, Jarvelin MR, Viikari J, Kähönen M, Kendler KS, Lehtimäki T, Levinson DF, Marazita ML, Marchini J, Melbye M, Mitchell BD, Murray JC, Nöthen MM, Penninx BW, Raitakari O, Rietschel M, Rujescu D, Samani NJ, Sanders AR, Schwartz AG, Shete S, Shi J, Spitz M, Stefansson K, Swan GE, Thorgeirsson T, Völzke H, Wei Q, Wichmann HE, Amos CI, Breslau N, Cannon DS, Ehringer M, Grucza R, Hatsukami D, Heath A, Johnson EO, Kaprio J, Madden P, Martin NG, Stevens VL, Stitzel JA, Weiss RB, Kraft P, Bierut LJ. Increased genetic vulnerability to smoking at CHRNA5 in early-onset smokers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 69:854-60. [PMID: 22868939 DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2012.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent studies have shown an association between cigarettes per day (CPD) and a nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in CHRNA5, rs16969968. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the association between rs16969968 and smoking is modified by age at onset of regular smoking. DATA SOURCES Primary data. STUDY SELECTION Available genetic studies containing measures of CPD and the genotype of rs16969968 or its proxy. DATA EXTRACTION Uniform statistical analysis scripts were run locally. Starting with 94,050 ever-smokers from 43 studies, we extracted the heavy smokers (CPD >20) and light smokers (CPD ≤10) with age-at-onset information, reducing the sample size to 33,348. Each study was stratified into early-onset smokers (age at onset ≤16 years) and late-onset smokers (age at onset >16 years), and a logistic regression of heavy vs light smoking with the rs16969968 genotype was computed for each stratum. Meta-analysis was performed within each age-at-onset stratum. DATA SYNTHESIS Individuals with 1 risk allele at rs16969968 who were early-onset smokers were significantly more likely to be heavy smokers in adulthood (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45; 95% CI, 1.36-1.55; n = 13,843) than were carriers of the risk allele who were late-onset smokers (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.21-1.33, n = 19,505) (P = .01). CONCLUSION These results highlight an increased genetic vulnerability to smoking in early-onset smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Hartz
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Han S, Yang BZ, Kranzler HR, Oslin D, Anton R, Farrer LA, Gelernter J. Linkage analysis followed by association show NRG1 associated with cannabis dependence in African Americans. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 72:637-44. [PMID: 22520967 PMCID: PMC3699339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A genetic contribution to cannabis dependence (CaD) has been established but susceptibility genes for CaD remain largely unknown. METHODS We employed a multistage design to identify genetic variants underlying CaD. We first performed a genome-wide linkage scan for CaD in 384 African American (AA) and 354 European American families ascertained for genetic studies of cocaine and opioid dependence. We then conducted association analysis under the linkage peak, first using data from a genome-wide association study from the Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment, followed by replication studies of prioritized single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in independent samples. RESULTS We identified the strongest linkage evidence with CaD (logarithm of odds = 2.9) on chromosome 8p21.1 in AAs. In the association analysis of the Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment sample under the linkage peak, we identified one SNP (rs17664708) associated with CaD in both AAs (odds ratio [OR] = 2.93, p = .0022) and European Americans (OR = 1.38, p = .02). This SNP, located at NRG1, a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, was prioritized for further study. We replicated the association of rs17664708 with CaD in an independent AAs sample (OR = 2.81, p = .0068). The joint analysis of the two AA samples demonstrated highly significant association between rs17664708 and CaD with adjustment for either global (p = .00044) or local ancestry (p = .00075). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that NRG1 is probably a susceptibility gene for CaD, based on convergent evidence of linkage and replicated associations in two independent AA samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut. USA
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut. USA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- VISN 4 MIRECC, Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Oslin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- VISN 4 MIRECC, Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Raymond Anton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Departments of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Neurology, Ophthalmology, Genetics & Genomics, Biostatistics, and Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut. USA
- Departments of Genetics and of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pang CY, Deng TX, Tang DS, Yang CY, Jiang H, Yang BZ, Liang XW. Cloning and sequencing of the rDNA gene family of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:2878-83. [PMID: 22869068 DOI: 10.4238/2012.july.10.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The rDNA genes coding for ribosomal RNA in animals are complicated repeat sequences with high GC content. We amplified water buffalo rDNA gene sequences with the long and accurate (LA) PCR method, using LA Taq DNA polymerase and GC buffer, based on bioinformatic analysis of related organisms. The rDNA genes were found to consist of 9016 nucleotides, including three rRNA genes and two internal transcribed spacers (ITS), which we named 18S rRNA, ITS1, 5.8S rRNA, ITS2 and 28S rRNA. We tested and optimized conditions for cloning these complicated rDNA sequences, including specific rules of primer design, improvements in the reaction system, and selection of the DNA polymerase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Pang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanning, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang Q, Zhong J, Yang BZ, Huang WQ, Chen RY, Liao JM, Gu CR, Chen CL. Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation on the Formation Process of CeO 2Nanoparticles in Alcohol Aqueous Solutions. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2012.56.4.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
38
|
Yang BZ, Han S, Kranzler HR, Farrer LA, Elston RC, Gelernter J. Autosomal linkage scan for loci predisposing to comorbid dependence on multiple substances. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2012; 159B:361-9. [PMID: 22354695 PMCID: PMC3920832 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiple substance dependence (MSD) trait comorbidity is common, and MSD patients are often severely affected clinically. While shared genetic risks have been documented, so far there has been no published report using the linkage scan approach to survey risk loci for MSD as a phenotype. A total of 1,758 individuals in 739 families [384 African American (AA) and 355 European American (EA) families] ascertained via affected sib-pairs with cocaine or opioid or alcohol dependence were genotyped using an array-based linkage panel of single-nucleotide polymorphism markers. Fuzzy clustering analysis was conducted on individuals with alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, opioid, and nicotine dependence for AAs and EAs separately, and linkage scans were conducted for the output membership coefficients using Merlin-regression. In EAs, we observed an autosome-wide significant linkage signal on chromosome 4 (peak lod = 3.31 at 68.3 cM; empirical autosome-wide P = 0.038), and a suggestive linkage signal on chromosome 21 (peak lod = 2.37 at 19.4 cM). In AAs, four suggestive linkage peaks were observed: two peaks on chromosome 10 (lod = 2.66 at 96.7 cM and lod = 3.02 at 147.6 cM] and the other two on chromosomes 3 (lod = 2.81 at 145.5 cM) and 9 (lod = 1.93 at 146.8 cM). Three particularly promising candidate genes, GABRA4, GABRB1, and CLOCK, are located within or very close to the autosome-wide significant linkage region for EAs on chromosome 4. This is the first linkage evidence supporting existence of genetic loci influencing risk for several comorbid disorders simultaneously in two major US populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Psychiatry Treatment Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Departments of Medicine, Neurology, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Genomics, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert C. Elston
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut,Correspondence to: Joel Gelernter, M.D., Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, VA CT 116A2.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen JZ, Wen N, Sun J, Li X, Yang BZ. [The enhancement effect of potassium additives on ICP source radiation]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2012; 32:1654-1657. [PMID: 22870659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the quality of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrum and reduce the detection limit of analysis, the influence of potassium additives into water samples on water samples' spectral intensity and signal-to-background ratio was studied. The excitation temperature and electron density of plasma were measured through multi-line slope and the Stark broadening method. The results demonstrated that the plasma spectral intensity intensity increases to a various degree after adding potassium additives into the sample solution. When the content of the potassium is 1.0 g x L(-1), the spectral lines intensity of element Al, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn was increased by 8.62%, 32.29%, 108.45%, 6.06%, 64.98% and 54.99% respectively, the spectral signal-background ratio increased by about 7.90%, 30.95%, 104.60%, 5.21%, 66.00% and 52.82%, respectively. Under the conditions of the content of potassium is 1.0 g x L(-1) in the sample, the plasma excitation temperature increased by about 239.69 K than that without additive, and the electron density increased by about 4.99 x 10(11) cm(-3). It is thus clear that potassium additives can improve the quality of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Zhong Chen
- College of Physics Science and Technolopy, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang BZ, Han S, Kranzler HR, Farrer LA, Gelernter J. A genomewide linkage scan of cocaine dependence and major depressive episode in two populations. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 36:2422-30. [PMID: 21849985 PMCID: PMC3194068 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine dependence (CD) and major depressive episode (MDE) frequently co-occur with poorer treatment outcome and higher relapse risk. Shared genetic risk was affirmed; to date, there have been no reports of genomewide linkage scans (GWLSs) surveying the susceptibility regions for comorbid CD and MDE (CD-MDE). We aimed to identify chromosomal regions and candidate genes susceptible to CD, MDE, and CD-MDE in African Americans (AAs) and European Americans (EAs). A total of 1896 individuals were recruited from 384 AA and 355 EA families, each with at least a sibling-pair with CD and/or opioid dependence. Array-based genotyping of about 6000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms was completed for all individuals. Parametric and non-parametric genomewide linkage analyses were performed. We found a genomewide-significant linkage peak on chromosome 7 at 183.4 cM for non-parametric analysis of CD-MDE in AAs (lod=3.8, genomewide empirical p=0.016; point-wise p=0.00001). A nearly genomewide significant linkage was identified for CD-MDE in EAs on chromosome 5 at 14.3 cM (logarithm of odds (lod)=2.95, genomewide empirical p=0.055; point-wise p=0.00012). Parametric analysis corroborated the findings in these two regions and improved the support for the peak on chromosome 5 so that it reached genomewide significance (heterogeneity lod=3.28, genomewide empirical p=0.046; point-wise p=0.00053). This is the first GWLS for CD-MDE. The genomewide significant linkage regions on chromosomes 5 and 7 harbor four particularly promising candidate genes: SRD5A1, UBE3C, PTPRN2, and VIPR2. Replication of the linkage findings in other populations is warranted, as is a focused analysis of the genes located in the linkage regions implicated here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine, Neurology, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Genomics, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA,Department of Genetics and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA,Division of Human Genetics in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven and VA CT Healthcare Center, VA CT 116A2, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA, Tel: +1 203 932 5711, Fax: +1 203 937 4741, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ittiwut C, Yang BZ, Kranzler HR, Anton RF, Hirunsatit R, Weiss RD, Covault J, Farrer LA, Gelernter J. GABRG1 and GABRA2 variation associated with alcohol dependence in African Americans. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2011; 36:588-93. [PMID: 21919924 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01637.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GABRG1 and GABRA2, genes that encode the γ1 and α2 subunits, respectively, of the GABA-A receptor, are located in a cluster on chromosome 4p. Association of alcohol dependence (AD) with markers located at the 3' region of GABRA2 has been replicated in several studies, but recent studies suggested the possibility that the signal may be attributable to the adjacent gene, GABRG1, located 90 kb distant in the 3' direction. Owing to strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) in European Americans (EAs), the origin, or origins, of the association signal is very difficult to discern, but our previous population-based study suggested that decreased LD across the GABRG1-GABRA2 region in African Americans (AAs) may be useful for fine mapping and resolution of the association signal in that population. METHODS To examine these associations in greater detail, we genotyped 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning GABRG1 and GABRA2 in 380 AAs with AD and in 253 AA controls. RESULTS Although there was no association between any individual SNP and AD, a highly significant difference was shown between AD subjects and controls in the frequency of a 3-SNP GABRA2 haplotype (global p = 0.00029). A similar level of significance was obtained in 6-SNP haplotypes that combined tagging SNPs from both genes (global p = 0.00994). High statistical significance was also shown with a 6-SNP haplotype (T-G-C-G-T-A), p = 0.0033. The T-G-C-G-T-A haplotype contains the most significant GABRA2 3-SNP haplotype (p = 0.00019), G-T-A. CONCLUSIONS These findings reflect the interrelationship between these 2 genes and the likelihood that risk loci exist in each of them. Study of an AA population allowed evaluation of these associations at higher genomic resolution than is possible in a EA population, owing to the much lower LD across these loci in AAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chupong Ittiwut
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yang BZ, Yang CY, Li RC, Qin GS, Zhang XF, Pang CY, Chen MT, Huang FX, Li Z, Zheng HY, Huang YJ, Liang XW. An inter-subspecies cloned buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) obtained by transferring of cryopreserved embryos via somatic cell nuclear transfer. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 45:e21-5. [PMID: 19788521 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01510.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of cryopreservation of inter-subspecies cloned embryos in buffalo. In our experiment, river buffalo ear fibroblast nucleus was fused into swamp buffalo oocyte cytoplasm. The blastocyst formation rate for nuclear transfer of freshly thawed cells was not different from those of growing cells, confluent or serum-starved cells. A total of 122 cloned blastocysts derived from cryopreserved fibroblasts were cryopreserved and thawed, 37 were survived, the cryosurvival rate was 30.3%. The survived blastocysts were transferred into 15 recipient buffalos. Five of the recipients established pregnancy, but four of them aborted on day 53, 59, 145 and 179 of gestation respectively. One cross-bred buffalo (Murrah × Swamp buffalo (2n = 49) received three embryos delivered a 40.5 kg female calf by natural delivery on day 320 of gestation. Up to now (13-month old), the cloned calf has been growing well with no abnormity observed. These results demonstrated that cryopreservation of inter-subspecies cloned embryos is feasible to produce buffalo offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Z Yang
- Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Amstadter AB, Nugent NR, Yang BZ, Miller A, Siburian R, Moorjani P, Haddad S, Basu A, Fagerness J, Saxe G, Smoller JW, Koenen KC. Corticotrophin-releasing hormone type 1 receptor gene (CRHR1) variants predict posttraumatic stress disorder onset and course in pediatric injury patients. Dis Markers 2011; 30:89-99. [PMID: 21508513 PMCID: PMC3722863 DOI: 10.3233/dma-2011-0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common and disabling anxiety disorder that may occur in the aftermath of exposure to potentially traumatic life events. PTSD is moderately heritable, but few specific molecular variants accounting for this heritability have been identified. Genes regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, such as corticotrophin-releasing hormone type 1 receptor gene (CRHR1), have been implicated in traumatic-stress related phenotypes but have yet to be studied in relation to PTSD. The present study sought to examine the relation between 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CRHR1 gene and posttraumatic stress symptoms in a prospective study of pediatric injury patients (n = 103) who were first assessed in the acute aftermath of their injury at the hospital. Results indicated that multiple SNPs were associated with acute symptoms at a univariate level, and after correction for multiple testing, rs12944712 was significantly related to acute PTSD symptoms. Longitudinal latent growth curve analyses suggest that rs12944712 is also related to both acute symptom level and trajectory of symptoms over time. The present study adds support for the role of CRHR1 in the stress response following potentially traumatic event exposure in youth. It should be noted that the sample size in this study was small, and therefore statistical power was low; following, results from this study should be considered preliminary. Although results are not definitive, the findings from this study warrant future replication studies on how variation in this gene relates to response to traumatic event exposure in youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananda B Amstadter
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, 23298-0126, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Han S, Yang BZ, Kranzler HR, Oslin D, Anton R, Gelernter J. Association of CHRNA4 polymorphisms with smoking behavior in two populations. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2011; 156B:421-9. [PMID: 21445957 PMCID: PMC3742073 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.31177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CHRNA4, the gene that encodes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α(4) subunit, is a potential candidate gene for nicotine dependence (ND). However, studies of the association of CHNRA4 with smoking behavior have shown inconsistent results. Our meta-analysis of linkage studies of smoking behavior identified a genome-wide significant linkage of the phenotype maximum number of cigarettes smoked in a 24-hour period to a region (20q13.12-q13.32) harboring CHRNA4. This motivated us to examine the association of CHRNA4 with smoking behavior in two independent samples. In this study, we examined five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within CHRNA4 and three smoking-related behaviors: one quantitative trait [cigarettes smoked per day (CPD)], and two binary traits [DSM-IV diagnosis of ND and dichotomized Fagerstrom test of ND (FTND)], in 1,249 unrelated European-Americans (EAs) and 1,790 unrelated African-Americans (AAs). Using the combined sample with sex, age, and race as covariates, the synonymous SNP rs1044394 was significantly associated with ND (P = 0.001) and FTND (P = 0.01). Rs2236196, which has a low correlation with rs1044394, was also significantly associated with CPD (P = 0.003). The pattern of association for these SNPs was similar in AAs and EAs. After correction for multiple testing, the association between rs1044394 and ND in the combined sample remained significant (P = 0.033). In summary, our study supports association between CHRNA4 common variation and ND in AA and EA samples. Additional studies will be necessary to evaluate the role of rare variants at CHRNA4 for ND.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale
University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,VA CT Healthcare Center 116A2; 950 Campbell Avenue; West Haven, CT
06516
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale
University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,VA CT Healthcare Center 116A2; 950 Campbell Avenue; West Haven, CT
06516
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of
Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 and VISN 4 MIRECC, Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia,
PA 19104
| | - David Oslin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of
Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Raymond Anton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University
of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425 USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale
University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New
Haven, CT 06511, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New
Haven, CT 06511, USA,VA CT Healthcare Center 116A2; 950 Campbell Avenue; West Haven, CT
06516,Corresponding Author: Joel Gelernter, MD; Department of
Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, VA CT Healthcare Center, 950
Campbell Avenue, 116A2, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA, Tel: +203 932 5711,
Fax: +203 937 4741;
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cui D, Zhang H, Yang BZ, Listman JB, Li D, Price LH, Carpenter LL, Tyrka AR, Anton RF, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. Variation in NGFB is associated with primary affective disorders in women. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2011; 156B:401-12. [PMID: 21294249 PMCID: PMC3108453 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.31175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Affective disorders (AFDs) are highly comorbid with substance dependence (SD) and both are genetically influenced. However, the specific etiology of the comorbidity is not well understood. We genotyped an array of 1,350 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in or near 130 genes in 868 European-Americans (EAs), including 182 individuals with primary AFDs (PAFDs), 214 with SD comorbid with AFD (CAFD), and 472 screened controls. NGFB, which encodes nerve growth factor β and was represented in the array by 15 SNPs, showed the strongest evidence of association, but only among women with PAFDs. Six of the SNPs showed nominally significant association with PAFDs in women (P's = 0.0007-0.01); three (rs2856813, rs4332358, and rs10776799) were empirically significant based on 1,000,000 permutations (P's = 0.008-0.015). Seven haplotypes were significantly associated with PAFDs in women (P's = 0.0014-0.01), of which six were significant based on empirical permutation analysis (minimal P = 0.0045). Four diplotypes were significantly associated with PAFDs in women (global P's = 0.001-0.01). The specific diplotype GG-TC, reconstructed from rs2856813 and rs6678788, showed the strongest evidence of association with PAFDs in women (OR = 4.07, P = 4.2E-05). No SNPs or haplotypes were associated with PAFDs in men or with CAFDs in either sex. We conclude that variation in NGFB is a risk factor for PAFDs in women, but not for CAFD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghong Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jennifer B. Listman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lawrence H. Price
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Linda L. Carpenter
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Audrey R. Tyrka
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Raymond F. Anton
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Stein MB, Yang BZ, Chavira DA, Hitchcock CA, Sung SC, Shipon-Blum E, Gelernter J. A common genetic variant in the neurexin superfamily member CNTNAP2 is associated with increased risk for selective mutism and social anxiety-related traits. Biol Psychiatry 2011; 69:825-31. [PMID: 21193173 PMCID: PMC3079072 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selective mutism (SM), considered an early-onset variant of social anxiety disorder, shares features of impaired social interaction and communication with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) suggesting a possible shared pathophysiology. We examined association of a susceptibility gene, contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2), for ASDs and specific language impairment with SM and social anxiety-related traits. METHODS Sample 1 subjects were 99 nuclear families including 106 children with SM. Sample 2 subjects were young adults who completed measures of social interactional anxiety (n = 1028) and childhood behavioral inhibition (n = 920). Five single nucleotide polymorphisms in CNTNAP2 (including rs7794745 and rs2710102, previously associated with ASDs) were genotyped. RESULTS Analyses revealed nominal significance (p = .018) for association of SM with rs2710102, which, with rs6944808, was part of a common haplotype associated with SM (permutation p = .022). Adjusting for sex and ancestral proportion, each copy of the rs2710102*a risk allele in the young adults was associated with increased odds of being >1 SD above the mean on the Social Interactional Anxiety Scale (odds ratio = 1.33, p = .015) and Retrospective Self-Report of Inhibition (odds ratio = 1.40, p = .010). CONCLUSIONS Although association was found with rs2710102, the risk allele (a) for the traits studied here is the nonrisk allele for ASD and specific language impairment. These findings suggest a partially shared etiology between ASDs and SM and raise questions about which aspects of these syndromes are potentially influenced by CNTNAP2 and mechanism(s) by which these influences may be conveyed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murray B. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Denise A. Chavira
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA, Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carla A. Hitchcock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sharon C. Sung
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elisa Shipon-Blum
- Selective Mutism Anxiety Research and Treatment Center (Smart Center), Jenkintown, PA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, Departments of Genetics and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA and Connecticut VA Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sun L, Bai FQ, Zhao ZX, Yang BZ, Zhang HX. Density functional study on the effect of substituent group for the monomer of donor-acceptor copolymer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.22090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
48
|
Yang CY, Li RC, Pang CY, Yang BZ, Qin GS, Chen MT, Zhang XF, Huang FX, Zheng HY, Huang YJ, Liang XW. Study on the inter-subspecies nuclear transfer of river buffalo somatic cell nuclei into swamp buffalo oocyte cytoplasm. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 121:78-83. [PMID: 20621244 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2009] [Revised: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of inter-subspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) of river buffalo (50 chromosomes) somatic cell nuclei into swamp buffalo (48 chromosomes) oocyte cytoplasm. The enucleated swamp buffalo oocytes were fused with four different types of river buffalo cells: freshly thawed ear fibroblasts, serum-starved ear fibroblasts, cumulus cells and ear fibroblasts from a cloned buffalo calf. As a result, the developmental competence of embryos reconstructed with freshly thawed ear fibroblasts was the poorest (P<0.01), while those of the other three types were not different from each other. Furthermore, the efficiency of swamp-swamp buffalo, swamp-river buffalo and bovine-buffalo SCNT were also compared. The results showed that the blastocyst rate of swamp-river reconstructed embryos was not different from swamp-swamp embryos, while significantly higher than that of bovine-buffalo embryos (P<0.01). A total of thirty cloned blastocysts derived from freshly thawed ear fibroblasts were transferred into thirteen recipient buffaloes, four recipients established pregnancy, while three of them aborted on Days 65, 75 and 90 of gestation, respectively. One cross-bred buffalo (Murrah x swamp, 49 chromosomes) receiving three embryos delivered a 39 kg female calf on Day 335 of gestation. These results indicate that the inter-subspecies SCNT is feasible to produce swamp-river buffalo embryos, and these can develop to full term and result in live buffalo calves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Yang
- Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 24-1 Yongwu Road, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Han S, Gelernter J, Luo X, Yang BZ. Meta-analysis of 15 genome-wide linkage scans of smoking behavior. Biol Psychiatry 2010; 67:12-9. [PMID: 19819424 PMCID: PMC2975396 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2009] [Revised: 08/22/2009] [Accepted: 08/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A genetic contribution to smoking behavior is well-established. To identify loci that increase the risk for smoking behavior, many genome-wide linkage scans have been performed with various smoking behavior assessments. Numerous putative susceptibility loci have been identified, but only a few of these were replicated in independent studies. METHODS We used genome search meta-analysis (GSMA) to identify risk loci by pooling all available independent genome scan results on smoking behavior. Additionally, to minimize locus heterogeneity, subgroup analyses of the smoking behavior assessed by the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and maximum number of cigarettes smoked in a 24-hour period (MaxCigs24) were carried out. Samples of European ancestry were also analyzed separately. RESULTS A total number of 15 genome scan results were available for analysis, including 3404 families with 10,253 subjects. Overall, the primary GSMA across all smoking behavior identified a genome-wide suggestive linkage in chromosome 17q24.3-q25.3 (p(SR) = .001). A secondary analysis of FTND in European-ancestry samples (625 families with 1878 subjects) detected a genome-wide suggestive linkage in 5q33.1-5q35.2 (p(SR) = .0076). Subgroup analysis of MaxCigs24 (966 families with 3273 subjects) identified a genome-wide significant linkage in 20q13.12-q13.32 (p(SR) = .00041, p(OR) = .048), where a strongly supported nicotine dependence candidate gene, CHRNA4, is located. CONCLUSIONS The regions identified in the current study deserve close attention and will be helpful for candidate gene identification or target re-sequencing studies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,VA CT Healthcare Center 116A2; 950 Campbell Avenue; West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Xingguang Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,VA CT Healthcare Center 116A2; 950 Campbell Avenue; West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,VA CT Healthcare Center 116A2; 950 Campbell Avenue; West Haven, CT 06516,Corresponding Author: Bao-Zhu Yang, PhD; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics in Psychiatry; VA CT 116A2; 950 Campbell Avenue; West Haven, CT 06516; telephone: 203-932-5711 ext 3590; fax, 203-937-4741;
| |
Collapse
|