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Barreto E, Lim MCW, Rojas D, Dávalos LM, Wüest RO, Machac A, Graham CH. Morphology and niche evolution influence hummingbird speciation rates. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20221793. [PMID: 37072043 PMCID: PMC10113027 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
How traits affect speciation is a long-standing question in evolution. We investigate whether speciation rates are affected by the traits themselves or by the rates of their evolution, in hummingbirds, a clade with great variation in speciation rates, morphology and ecological niches. Further, we test two opposing hypotheses, postulating that speciation rates are promoted by trait conservatism or, alternatively, by trait divergence. To address these questions, we analyse morphological (body mass and bill length) and niche traits (temperature and precipitation position and breadth, and mid-elevation), using a variety of methods to estimate speciation rates and correlate them with traits and their evolutionary rates. When it comes to the traits, we find faster speciation in smaller hummingbirds with shorter bills, living at higher elevations and experiencing greater temperature ranges. As for the trait evolutionary rates, we find that speciation increases with rates of divergence in the niche traits, but not in the morphological traits. Together, these results reveal the interplay of mechanisms through which different traits and their evolutionary rates (conservatism or divergence) influence the origination of hummingbird diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Barreto
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marisa C. W. Lim
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, 650 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Danny Rojas
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali, Cl. 18 #118-250, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Liliana M. Dávalos
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, 650 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Consortium for Inter-Disciplinary Environmental Research, Stony Brook University, 129 Dana Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Rafael O. Wüest
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Antonin Machac
- Villum Center for Global Mountain Biodiversity and Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Theoretical Study, Charles University and the Czech Academy of Science, Jilska 1, 11000 Prague, Czechia
- Department of Ecology, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844 Prague, Czechia
| | - Catherine H. Graham
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, 650 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Paulat NS, Storer JM, Moreno-Santillán DD, Osmanski AB, Sullivan KAM, Grimshaw JR, Korstian J, Halsey M, Garcia CJ, Crookshanks C, Roberts J, Smit AFA, Hubley R, Rosen J, Teeling EC, Vernes SC, Myers E, Pippel M, Brown T, Hiller M, Rojas D, Dávalos LM, Lindblad-Toh K, Karlsson EK, Ray DA. Chiropterans are a hotspot for horizontal transfer of DNA transposons in Mammalia. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:7128099. [PMID: 37071810 PMCID: PMC10162687 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Horizontal transfer of transposable elements is an important mechanism contributing to genetic diversity and innovation. Bats (order Chiroptera) have repeatedly been shown to experience horizontal transfer of transposable elements at what appears to be a high rate compared to other mammals. We investigated the occurrence of horizontally transferred DNA transposons involving bats. We found over 200 putative horizontally transferred elements within bats; sixteen transposons were shared across distantly related mammalian clades and two other elements were shared with a fish and two lizard species. Our results indicate that bats are a hotspot for horizontal transfer of DNA transposons. These events broadly coincide with the diversification of several bat clades, supporting the hypothesis that DNA transposon invasions have contributed to genetic diversification of bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole S Paulat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | | | | | - Austin B Osmanski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Kevin A M Sullivan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Jenna R Grimshaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Jennifer Korstian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Michaela Halsey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Carlos J Garcia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Claudia Crookshanks
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Jaquelyn Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | | | - Robert Hubley
- Institute for Systems Biology; Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jeb Rosen
- Institute for Systems Biology; Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Emma C Teeling
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Sonja C Vernes
- Neurogenetics of Vocal Communication Group, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics; 6525 XD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- School of Biology, The University of St Andrews; Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Eugene Myers
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden, 28271, Germany
| | - Martin Pippel
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics; 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Brown
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics; 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Hiller
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics; 60325, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Danny Rojas
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Liliana M Dávalos
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University; Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA
- Consortium for Inter-Disciplinary Environmental Research, Stony Brook University; Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA
| | - Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University; Uppsala, 751 32, Sweden
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Elinor K Karlsson
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, UMass Chan Medical School; Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School; Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - David A Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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3
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Girardi F, Matz M, Stiller C, You H, Marcos Gragera R, Valkov MY, Bulliard JL, De P, Morrison D, Wanner M, O'Brian DK, Saint-Jacques N, Coleman MP, Allemani C, Hamdi-Chérif M, Kara L, Meguenni K, Regagba D, Bayo S, Cheick Bougadari T, Manraj SS, Bendahhou K, Ladipo A, Ogunbiyi OJ, Somdyala NIM, Chaplin MA, Moreno F, Calabrano GH, Espinola SB, Carballo Quintero B, Fita R, Laspada WD, Ibañez SG, Lima CA, Da Costa AM, De Souza PCF, Chaves J, Laporte CA, Curado MP, de Oliveira JC, Veneziano CLA, Veneziano DB, Almeida ABM, Latorre MRDO, Rebelo MS, Santos MO, Azevedo e Silva G, Galaz JC, Aparicio Aravena M, Sanhueza Monsalve J, Herrmann DA, Vargas S, Herrera VM, Uribe CJ, Bravo LE, Garcia LS, Arias-Ortiz NE, Morantes D, Jurado DM, Yépez Chamorro MC, Delgado S, Ramirez M, Galán Alvarez YH, Torres P, Martínez-Reyes F, Jaramillo L, Quinto R, Castillo J, Mendoza M, Cueva P, Yépez JG, Bhakkan B, Deloumeaux J, Joachim C, Macni J, Carrillo R, Shalkow Klincovstein J, Rivera Gomez R, Perez P, Poquioma E, Tortolero-Luna G, Zavala D, Alonso R, Barrios E, Eckstrand A, Nikiforuk C, Woods RR, Noonan G, Turner D, Kumar E, Zhang B, Dowden JJ, Doyle GP, Saint-Jacques N, Walsh G, Anam A, De P, McClure CA, Vriends KA, Bertrand C, Ramanakumar AV, Davis L, Kozie S, Freeman T, George JT, Avila RM, O’Brien DK, Holt A, Almon L, Kwong S, Morris C, Rycroft R, Mueller L, Phillips CE, Brown H, Cromartie B, Ruterbusch J, Schwartz AG, Levin GM, Wohler B, Bayakly R, Ward KC, Gomez SL, McKinley M, Cress R, Davis J, Hernandez B, Johnson CJ, Morawski BM, Ruppert LP, Bentler S, Charlton ME, Huang B, Tucker TC, Deapen D, Liu L, Hsieh MC, Wu XC, Schwenn M, Stern K, Gershman ST, Knowlton RC, Alverson G, Weaver T, Desai J, Rogers DB, Jackson-Thompson J, Lemons D, Zimmerman HJ, Hood M, Roberts-Johnson J, Hammond W, Rees JR, Pawlish KS, Stroup A, Key C, Wiggins C, Kahn AR, Schymura MJ, Radhakrishnan S, Rao C, Giljahn LK, Slocumb RM, Dabbs C, Espinoza RE, Aird KG, Beran T, Rubertone JJ, Slack SJ, Oh J, Janes TA, Schwartz SM, Chiodini SC, Hurley DM, Whiteside MA, Rai S, Williams MA, Herget K, Sweeney C, Kachajian J, Keitheri Cheteri MB, Migliore Santiago P, Blankenship SE, Conaway JL, Borchers R, Malicki R, Espinoza J, Grandpre J, Weir HK, Wilson R, Edwards BK, Mariotto A, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Wang N, Yang L, Chen JS, Zhou Y, He YT, Song GH, Gu XP, Mei D, Mu HJ, Ge HM, Wu TH, Li YY, Zhao DL, Jin F, Zhang JH, Zhu FD, Junhua Q, Yang YL, Jiang CX, Biao W, Wang J, Li QL, Yi H, Zhou X, Dong J, Li W, Fu FX, Liu SZ, Chen JG, Zhu J, Li YH, Lu YQ, Fan M, Huang SQ, Guo GP, Zhaolai H, Wei K, Chen WQ, Wei W, Zeng H, Demetriou AV, Mang WK, Ngan KC, Kataki AC, Krishnatreya M, Jayalekshmi PA, Sebastian P, George PS, Mathew A, Nandakumar A, Malekzadeh R, Roshandel G, Keinan-Boker L, Silverman BG, Ito H, Koyanagi Y, Sato M, Tobori F, Nakata I, Teramoto N, Hattori M, Kaizaki Y, Moki F, Sugiyama H, Utada M, Nishimura M, Yoshida K, Kurosawa K, Nemoto Y, Narimatsu H, Sakaguchi M, Kanemura S, Naito M, Narisawa R, Miyashiro I, Nakata K, Mori D, Yoshitake M, Oki I, Fukushima N, Shibata A, Iwasa K, Ono C, Matsuda T, Nimri O, Jung KW, Won YJ, Alawadhi E, Elbasmi A, Ab Manan A, Adam F, Nansalmaa E, Tudev U, Ochir C, Al Khater AM, El Mistiri MM, Lim GH, Teo YY, Chiang CJ, Lee WC, Buasom R, Sangrajrang S, Suwanrungruang K, Vatanasapt P, Daoprasert K, Pongnikorn D, Leklob A, Sangkitipaiboon S, Geater SL, Sriplung H, Ceylan O, Kög I, Dirican O, Köse T, Gurbuz T, Karaşahin FE, Turhan D, Aktaş U, Halat Y, Eser S, Yakut CI, Altinisik M, Cavusoglu Y, Türkköylü A, Üçüncü N, Hackl M, Zborovskaya AA, Aleinikova OV, Henau K, Van Eycken L, Atanasov TY, Valerianova Z, Šekerija M, Dušek L, Zvolský M, Steinrud Mørch L, Storm H, Wessel Skovlund C, Innos K, Mägi M, Malila N, Seppä K, Jégu J, Velten M, Cornet E, Troussard X, Bouvier AM, Guizard AV, Bouvier V, Launoy G, Dabakuyo Yonli S, Poillot ML, Maynadié M, Mounier M, Vaconnet L, Woronoff AS, Daoulas M, Robaszkiewicz M, Clavel J, Poulalhon C, Desandes E, Lacour B, Baldi I, Amadeo B, Coureau G, Monnereau A, Orazio S, Audoin M, D’Almeida TC, Boyer S, Hammas K, Trétarre B, Colonna M, Delafosse P, Plouvier S, Cowppli-Bony A, Molinié F, Bara S, Ganry O, Lapôtre-Ledoux B, Daubisse-Marliac L, Bossard N, Uhry Z, Estève J, Stabenow R, Wilsdorf-Köhler H, Eberle A, Luttmann S, Löhden I, Nennecke AL, Kieschke J, Sirri E, Justenhoven C, Reinwald F, Holleczek B, Eisemann N, Katalinic A, Asquez RA, Kumar V, Petridou E, Ólafsdóttir EJ, Tryggvadóttir L, Murray DE, Walsh PM, Sundseth H, Harney M, Mazzoleni G, Vittadello F, Coviello E, Cuccaro F, Galasso R, Sampietro G, Giacomin A, Magoni M, Ardizzone A, D’Argenzio A, Di Prima AA, Ippolito A, Lavecchia AM, Sutera Sardo A, Gola G, Ballotari P, Giacomazzi E, Ferretti S, Dal Maso L, Serraino D, Celesia MV, Filiberti RA, Pannozzo F, Melcarne A, Quarta F, Andreano A, Russo AG, Carrozzi G, Cirilli C, Cavalieri d’Oro L, Rognoni M, Fusco M, Vitale MF, Usala M, Cusimano R, Mazzucco W, Michiara M, Sgargi P, Boschetti L, Marguati S, Chiaranda G, Seghini P, Maule MM, Merletti F, Spata E, Tumino R, Mancuso P, Cassetti T, Sassatelli R, Falcini F, Giorgetti S, Caiazzo AL, Cavallo R, Piras D, Bella F, Madeddu A, Fanetti AC, Maspero S, Carone S, Mincuzzi A, Candela G, Scuderi T, Gentilini MA, Rizzello R, Rosso S, Caldarella A, Intrieri T, Bianconi F, Contiero P, Tagliabue G, Rugge M, Zorzi M, Beggiato S, Brustolin A, Gatta G, De Angelis R, Vicentini M, Zanetti R, Stracci F, Maurina A, Oniščuka M, Mousavi M, Steponaviciene L, Vincerževskienė I, Azzopardi MJ, Calleja N, Siesling S, Visser O, Johannesen TB, Larønningen S, Trojanowski M, Macek P, Mierzwa T, Rachtan J, Rosińska A, Kępska K, Kościańska B, Barna K, Sulkowska U, Gebauer T, Łapińska JB, Wójcik-Tomaszewska J, Motnyk M, Patro A, Gos A, Sikorska K, Bielska-Lasota M, Didkowska JA, Wojciechowska U, Forjaz de Lacerda G, Rego RA, Carrito B, Pais A, Bento MJ, Rodrigues J, Lourenço A, Mayer-da-Silva A, Coza D, Todescu AI, Valkov MY, Gusenkova L, Lazarevich O, Prudnikova O, Vjushkov DM, Egorova A, Orlov A, Pikalova LV, Zhuikova LD, Adamcik J, Safaei Diba C, Zadnik V, Žagar T, De-La-Cruz M, Lopez-de-Munain A, Aleman A, Rojas D, Chillarón RJ, Navarro AIM, Marcos-Gragera R, Puigdemont M, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Sánchez Perez MJ, Franch Sureda P, Ramos Montserrat M, Chirlaque López MD, Sánchez Gil A, Ardanaz E, Guevara M, Cañete-Nieto A, Peris-Bonet R, Carulla M, Galceran J, Almela F, Sabater C, Khan S, Pettersson D, Dickman P, Staehelin K, Struchen B, Egger Hayoz C, Rapiti E, Schaffar R, Went P, Mousavi SM, Bulliard JL, Maspoli-Conconi M, Kuehni CE, Redmond SM, Bordoni A, Ortelli L, Chiolero A, Konzelmann I, Rohrmann S, Wanner M, Broggio J, Rashbass J, Stiller C, Fitzpatrick D, Gavin A, Morrison DS, Thomson CS, Greene G, Huws DW, Grayson M, Rawcliffe H, Allemani C, Coleman MP, Di Carlo V, Girardi F, Matz M, Minicozzi P, Sanz N, Ssenyonga N, James D, Stephens R, Chalker E, Smith M, Gugusheff J, You H, Qin Li S, Dugdale S, Moore J, Philpot S, Pfeiffer R, Thomas H, Silva Ragaini B, Venn AJ, Evans SM, Te Marvelde L, Savietto V, Trevithick R, Aitken J, Currow D, Fowler C, Lewis C. Global survival trends for brain tumors, by histology: analysis of individual records for 556,237 adults diagnosed in 59 countries during 2000-2014 (CONCORD-3). Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:580-592. [PMID: 36355361 PMCID: PMC10013649 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival is a key metric of the effectiveness of a health system in managing cancer. We set out to provide a comprehensive examination of worldwide variation and trends in survival from brain tumors in adults, by histology. METHODS We analyzed individual data for adults (15-99 years) diagnosed with a brain tumor (ICD-O-3 topography code C71) during 2000-2014, regardless of tumor behavior. Data underwent a 3-phase quality control as part of CONCORD-3. We estimated net survival for 11 histology groups, using the unbiased nonparametric Pohar Perme estimator. RESULTS The study included 556,237 adults. In 2010-2014, the global range in age-standardized 5-year net survival for the most common sub-types was broad: in the range 20%-38% for diffuse and anaplastic astrocytoma, from 4% to 17% for glioblastoma, and between 32% and 69% for oligodendroglioma. For patients with glioblastoma, the largest gains in survival occurred between 2000-2004 and 2005-2009. These improvements were more noticeable among adults diagnosed aged 40-70 years than among younger adults. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the largest account to date of global trends in population-based survival for brain tumors by histology in adults. We have highlighted remarkable gains in 5-year survival from glioblastoma since 2005, providing large-scale empirical evidence on the uptake of chemoradiation at population level. Worldwide, survival improvements have been extensive, but some countries still lag behind. Our findings may help clinicians involved in national and international tumor pathway boards to promote initiatives aimed at more extensive implementation of clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Girardi
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Cancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Division of Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Melissa Matz
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Charles Stiller
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Hui You
- Cancer Information Analysis Unit, Cancer Institute NSW, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rafael Marcos Gragera
- Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Mikhail Y Valkov
- Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Jean-Luc Bulliard
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Neuchâtel and Jura Tumour Registry, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Prithwish De
- Surveillance and Cancer Registry, and Research Office, Clinical Institutes and Quality Programs, Ontario Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Morrison
- Scottish Cancer Registry, Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Miriam Wanner
- Cancer Registry Zürich, Zug, Schaffhausen and Schwyz, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David K O'Brian
- Alaska Cancer Registry, Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
| | - Nathalie Saint-Jacques
- Department of Medicine and Community Health and Epidemiology, Centre for Clinical Research, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Michel P Coleman
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Cancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Claudia Allemani
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Kotila M, Helle S, Lehto HJ, Rojas D, Vesterinen EJ, Lilley TM. Atmospheric humidity affects global variation of bat echolocation via indirect effects. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.934876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The peak frequency of bat echolocation is a species-specific functional trait linked to foraging ecology. It is tailored via evolution to suit conditions within the distribution range of each species, but the evolutionary drivers are not yet well-understood. Global patterns of humidity correlate with many aspects of bat ecology. We hypothesized that atmospheric absolute humidity could explain global peak frequency variation directly and indirectly via increasing species body size and bat species richness. These hypotheses were tested using Bayesian phylogenetic path analysis on 226 tropical and subtropical bat species. In line with our predictions, we found a positive total effect of humidity on peak frequency, which was dominated by the positive indirect effects via body size and bat species richness. We did not observe the negative direct effect of humidity on peak frequency, which was hypothesized based on atmospheric attenuation of sound. In line with our expectations, excluding the predominantly clutter foraging bat families from our dataset downplayed the importance of the richness-mediated route. To conclude, our findings suggest that indirect effects, owing to ecology and biogeography of bat taxa, play a major role in the global relationship between peak frequency and atmospheric humidity.
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Mazzon E, Delfino C, Mirelis S, Arévalo M, Rojas D, Lara L, Carcamo D, Jurado F, Rocha D, Venturelli PM, Mansilla E. Breaking Down Barriers: Easter Island's First Telestroke Thrombolysis Experience and Case Report. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106412. [PMID: 35354109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Easter Island (Rapa Nui), Chile, is remote, located in the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The closest continental point is Chile, 3,512 km east. It has a population of 7,750 inhabitants, who are Chilean citizens, and receives more than 60,000 tourists a year. For this entire population, there is a medium complexity hospital without a neurology specialist. In 2019, local professionals were trained in a Telestroke program with remote clinical support conducted by neurologists located on mainland Chile. We present a 50-year-old native male, with unknown medical history, who suddenly presented right-half-body weakness and aphasia. He was evaluated via Telestroke consultation, and thrombolysis with tenecteplase was indicated. The patient improved rapidly and 45 min later the NIHSS score was 0 points. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Telestroke treatment in such a remote area, highlighting the importance of telemedicine to overcome geographical and technological stroke care barriers and to improve patients' outcome, no matter where they live.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mazzon
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Unidad de TeleACV, Santiago De Chile, Chile; Clínica Alemana, Unidad de Tratamiento del Ataque Cerebrovascular (UTAC), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago De Chile, Chile; Centro de Estudios Clínicos, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Chile.
| | - C Delfino
- Centro de Estudios Clínicos, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Chile
| | - S Mirelis
- Hospital San Martín de Quillota, Unidad de Emergencias, Quillota, Chile
| | - M Arévalo
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Unidad de TeleACV, Santiago De Chile, Chile
| | - D Rojas
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Unidad de TeleACV, Santiago De Chile, Chile
| | - L Lara
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Unidad de TeleACV, Santiago De Chile, Chile
| | - D Carcamo
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Unidad de TeleACV, Santiago De Chile, Chile; Clínica Alemana, Unidad de Tratamiento del Ataque Cerebrovascular (UTAC), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago De Chile, Chile
| | - F Jurado
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Unidad de TeleACV, Santiago De Chile, Chile; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - D Rocha
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Unidad de TeleACV, Santiago De Chile, Chile
| | - P Muñoz Venturelli
- Clínica Alemana, Unidad de Tratamiento del Ataque Cerebrovascular (UTAC), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago De Chile, Chile; Centro de Estudios Clínicos, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Chile; The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - E Mansilla
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Unidad de TeleACV, Santiago De Chile, Chile; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
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Jaramillo AF, Martinez JC, Flores P, Medina C, Rojas D, Díaz-Gómez A, Fuentealba C, Meléndrez MF. Condensed tannin resins extracted from Pinus radiata bark as a support matrix in carbon nanofiber-reinforced polymers. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Moreira MO, Fonseca C, Rojas D. ES-sim-GLM, a Multiple Regression Trait-Dependent Diversification Approach. Evol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-021-09557-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Parthenogenesis is rare in nature. With 39 described true parthenogens, scaled reptiles (Squamata) are the only vertebrates that evolved this reproductive strategy. Parthenogenesis is ecologically advantageous in the short term, but the young age and rarity of parthenogenetic species indicate it is less advantageous in the long term. This suggests parthenogenesis is self-destructive: it arises often but is lost due to increased extinction rates, high rates of reversal or both. However, this role of parthenogenesis as a self-destructive trait remains unknown. We used a phylogeny of Squamata (5388 species), tree metrics, null simulations and macroevolutionary scenarios of trait diversification to address the factors that best explain the rarity of parthenogenetic species. We show that parthenogenesis can be considered as self-destructive, with high extinction rates mainly responsible for its rarity in nature. Since these parthenogenetic species occur, this trait should be ecologically relevant in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Owen Moreira
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Fonseca
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- ForestWISE - Collaborative Laboratory for Integrated Forest and Fire Management, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Danny Rojas
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia
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9
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Rojas D, Bodden S, Hernandez A, Di Lorio A, Henriquez J. Evaluation of the Nutritional Quality of Processed Foods in Honduras: A Comparison of Three Nutrient Profile Models. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.06.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Cabezas J, Rojas D, Wong Y, Telleria F, Manriquez J, Mançanares ACF, Rodriguez-Alvarez LL, Castro FO. In vitro preconditioning of equine adipose mesenchymal stem cells with prostaglandin E 2, substance P and their combination changes the cellular protein secretomics and improves their immunomodulatory competence without compromising stemness. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 228:110100. [PMID: 32871408 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are modern tools in regenerative therapies of humans and animals owed to their immunomodulatory properties, which are activated in a pro-inflammatory environment. Different preconditioning strategies had been devised to enhance the immunomodulatory properties of MSC. In this research, we evaluated the immunological attributes of equine adipose MSC (eAMSC) before and after preconditioning in vitro with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), substance P (SP), their combination and IFNγ. PGE2/SP was the best combination to keep or enhance the mesodermal lineage differentiation of eAMSC. Alongside with this, preconditioning of eMSC with PGE2 and SP did not affect expression of stemness MSC surface phenotype: CD90+, CD44+, MHC class I+, MHC class II- and CD45-, assessed by cytometry. Both naïve and preconditioned eAMSC expressed genes related with immune properties, such as MHC-I, PTGES, IL6, IL1A, TNFα and IL8 assessed by qPCR. Only TNFα was under expressed in treated cells, while the other markers were either overexpressed or not changed. In no cases MHC-II expression was detected. The antiproliferative effect of preconditioned eAMSC exposed to activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) showed that SP treatment significantly inhibited proliferation of LPS stimulated PBMC. When eAMSC were stimulated with Poly I:C, all the treatments significantly inhibited proliferation of stimulated PBMC (p < 0.05). Direct contact (coculture) between the preconditioned eAMSC and PBMC, induced a shift of significantly more (CD4/CD25/FOXP3)+ T-regulatory PBMC than naïve eAMSC. In the experiments of this research, we investigated the secreted proteomic profile of naïve and preconditioned eAMSC, 42 up-regulated and 40 down-regulated proteins were found in the proteomic assay. Our proteomic data revealed profound changes in the secretory pattern of MSC exposed to different treatments, compared to naïve eAMSC as well as among treatments. In overall, compared to naïve cells, the protein profile of preconditioned cells resembled the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). Here we showed that the combined use of PGE2 and SP provoked in overall the highest expression of anti-inflammatory markers as well as lead to an increased acquisition of a T-regulatory phenotype in preconditioned eAMSC without affecting their "stemness".
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cabezas
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Chile.
| | - D Rojas
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, Chile.
| | - Y Wong
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Chile.
| | - F Telleria
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Chile.
| | - J Manriquez
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Chile.
| | - A C F Mançanares
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Chile.
| | - L L Rodriguez-Alvarez
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Chile.
| | - F O Castro
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Chile.
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Cabezas J, Rojas D, Melo-Baez B, Gutierrez M, Castro F, Rodriguez-Alvarez L. 52 Blocking of embryonic development by nanoparticles derived from endometrial and oviductal cells isolated with an Amicon filter system. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of development of invitro embryo production needs to mimic culture conditions in the maternal environment. Recently, it has been seen that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by oviducal or endometrial cells may improve development and quality of embryos produced invitro. Extracellular vesicles are a mechanism of cellular communication; they carry molecules that are delivered into the target cells changing gene expression and function. Due to the size range and characteristics of EVs, they require specific methods for purification and characterisation. However, the possible contamination with other nanoparticles and their effect on embryo development have not been considered. Based on that, the goal of this work was to evaluate the effect on invitro bovine embryo development, of the addition to culture medium EVs secreted by oviducal and endometrial cells and isolated by centrifugation and concentrates with Amicon filters. For this purpose, cells were isolated from bovine oviduct and endometrium collected in local abattoir and primary cultures of epithelial and stromal cells were derived. The primary cultures from both sources were exposed or not to progesterone (P4; 15ngmL−1) for 4 days and then cultured for 24h in EV depleted media. The supernatant was harvested and EVs were isolated by serial centrifugations and subsequently concentrated by a 100 kDa Amicon filter system. The isolated EVs were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and flow cytometry. Oocytes were obtained from ovaries collected in the abattoir. The cumulus-oocyte complexes were matured invitro for 22h and subsequently fertilised for 18h. Presumptive zygotes were invitro cultured in synthetic oviducal fluid with EVs (1000ngmL−1 of total proteins) or not according to experimental group (1: EVs− (control); 2: EVs−OP4+; 3: EVs−OP4−; 4: EVs−EP4+ and 4: EVs−EP4−). Embryos were cultured for 7 days in 5% CO2, 5% O2, and 90% N2 (25 embryos/well in 4-well plates). At Day 7, embryo development was evaluated considering the blastocyst yield. Transmission electron microscopy showed typical structures and morphology of EVs and they were positive for CD9, CD63, and CD81 markers, and negative for CD40. According to nanoparticle tracking analysis, the mean size of EVs was 160±62nm and concentration of 3.29×1011 particlesmL−1 for oviducal and endometrial cells, respectively. A significant reduction of blastocyst rate was observed when embryos were cultured with cell-derived EVs; control: 152/44 (28.9%) vs. treatments with EVs; OP4+: 74/3 (4.1%), OP4−:76/2 (2.6%), EP4+: 74/6 (8.1%), and EP4−: 73/2 (2.7%) (P ≤ 0.01). Our results indicate that the use of nanoparticles, including EVs, isolated from cells of oviduct or endometrium, has a blocking effect on embryonic development and compromises the performance of blastocysts on Day 7 when used at concentrations of 1000ngmL−1 total protein, independent of the use or not of P4 and the source. These data provide insights regarding the use and protocols of acquiring exosomes for embryo supplementation.
This research was supported by FONDECYT, Chile-1170310.
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Furlanetto Mançanares AC, Cabezas J, Rojas D, Manriquez J, Rodriguez L, Ovideo Castro F. 207 Editing of prostaglandin E2 gene receptors EP2 and EP4 by CRISPR/Cas9 technology in equine adipose mesenchymal stem cells. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an important mediator of cellular responses, playing a key role in limiting inflammation. PGE2 acts distinctly through one of four EP receptors. In MSCs, it PGE2 stimulation of EP2 and EP4 receptors triggers processes such as migration, self-renewal, survival, and proliferation, and their activation is involved in homing. PGE2 has been proposed as a key factor of MSC immunomodulation. The CRISPR-Cas9 system has been adapted successfully to edit the genome of animals. Loss of EP2 and EP4 receptors in equine adipose mesenchymal stem cells (eAT-MSC) could help us understand their role in cell migration, homing, and self-renewal capacities. Here, we aimed to edit these receptors in eAT-MSC to test their function. The eAT-MSC were obtained from three Chilean breed horses and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium-high glucose with 10% fetal bovine serum. Guide RNAs (sgRNA) for CRISPR-Cas 9 editing were designed based on EP2 and EP4 DNA sequences. The sgRNA and PAM sequence targeting exon 1 of the equine genes (EP2-sgRNA: TGGTGCTGGCTTCGTACGCG; PAM:CGG and EP4-sgRNA: GGAGACGACCTTCTACACGT;PAM:TGG) were cloned into linearized LentiCRISPRv2GFP vector (#82416; Addgene). The lentiviral vector plus helping packaging plasmids was co-transfected into HEK293FT cells. The produced viral particles were harvested and transduced into eAT-MSC. After 48h, cells were sorted and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive cells were expanded to obtain individual clones. Genomic DNA was extracted for PCR amplification, and the frequency of site directed-mutation was assessed by T7 endonuclease assay. Because of the high background (e.g. excessive banding) produced by the T7E1 assay, the PCR products were cloned into a pUC57 vector, and sequenced. Quantitative PCR and immunocytochemistry staining examined expression of EP2 and EP4. The statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 6 (GraphPad Inc.) with unpaired t-test; P-values<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Transduction efficiency of eAT-MSC/EP2ko and eAT-MSC/EP4ko was 31 and 38%, respectively. A total of 15 clones for each lineage obtained from a single cell culture were subjected to T7EI assay to identify the frequency of mutation. Eight eAT-MSC/EP2ko and 7 eAT-MSC/EP4ko clones showed mutations; DNA sequencing confirmed mutations in 3 eAT-MSC/EP2ko clones and 3 eAT-MSC/EP4ko clones. Immunostaining with specific anti-EP2 and anti-EP4 antibodies showed diminished expression of the particular receptors in the knockout cells. Decreased expression was quantitatively confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis, showing downregulation of PTGER2 (4.3-fold) and PTGER4 (2.7-fold) in the edited clones compared with eAT-MSC naïve cells (P<0.05). This CRISPR/Cas9 design allows the possibility of using these mutant cell lines as a model system to elucidate the role of EP2 and EP4 in cell migration, homing, and self-renewal.
Research was supported by FONDECYT 3170390 to ACFM, Ministry of Education, Chile.
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Echeverry D, Rojas D, Aguilera C, Rodriguez-Alvarez L, Castro F. 208 Effect of growth factors and reprogramming molecules on induction to multipotency of dermal fibroblasts from colocolo (Leopardus colocolo). Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of terminally differentiated cells to higher plasticity levels can be achieved with small molecules. This can be of value for somatic cell nucleus transfer, deriving multi and pluripotent cells and conservation purposes. Recently, induced mesenchymal stem cells were derived from differentiated human and mouse cells by using small molecules and growth factors. The pampas cat or colocolo (Leopardus colocolo) is a South American felid categorrized as near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Major historical threats to the pampas cat include illegal hunting, habitat loss or transformation, and conflict retaliation for poultry predation. Here, we tested 5-azacytidine (an epigenetic modifier) and A8301 (a potent inhibitor of transforming growth factor-β type I receptor superfamily), linked to platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-B) to induce changes in the expression of pluripotency genes and differentiation capacity of colocolo fibroblasts towards other mesodermal lineages. For this, dermal fibroblasts were treated with (I) 5-azacytidine + PRP + A8301 + VitC, or (II) 5- azacytidine + VitC + A8301 + PDFG for 12 days. On Days 0, 5, and 12 of reprogramming, expression of OCT4, NANOG, E-cadherin and SNAIL was evaluated by reverse transcription-PCR, and tri-lineage differentiation was induced. For treatment I, no statistical difference was found in the expression of OCT4 and NANOG. Chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation was observed. In treatment II, significant expression of OCT4 and NANOG (P<0.05) was induced, and reprogrammed fibroblasts were differentiated into chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages. Immunohistochemistry positivity for OCT4 was detected in treatment II. In summary, we showed that dermal fibroblasts of pampas cat can be reprogrammed into cells with multipotent characteristics, particularly when a cocktail of 5-azacytidine + VitC + A8301 + PDFG was used. Treatment I probably failed because of other growth factors and proteins present in PRP, which might inhibit successful reprogramming or activate other pathways leading to a nonmultipotent phenotype. Further refinements of these protocols are required to improve the reprogramming protocol. This in turn should help us obtain cells that can be used in nucleus transfer or cellular therapies in endangered felid species.
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Navarrete F, Saravia F, Cisterna G, Rojas F, Rodríguez-Alvarez L, Rojas D, Castro F. 210 Horse allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells perform homing and ameliorate endometrial inflammation after induced endometritis of mares. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-mating induced endometritis (PMIE) is an acute inflammatory response of the endometrium to spermatozoa, linked to an incapability of some mares to drain out the fluids associated with inflammation. This is of pivotal importance for reproductive success in mares. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potential candidates for anti-inflammatory uterine therapies. Here, we aimed to study inflammatory markers in the endometrium of healthy mares and of those with induced endometritis, before and after intrauterine inoculation of MSCs, and to characterise their homing potential invivo in an induced endometritis horse model. Nine mares during their ovulatory season were selected after gynaecologic examination (absence of free liquid in the uterus, no polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) at cytology, negative bacteriology, and grade I in Kenney's scale on uterine biopsies). Mares were infused in the uterine body with 2mL of 500×106 spermmL−1 previously killed by repeated frozen-thawing cycles. At 3h, uteri were flushed with 250mL of sterile saline and the inflammatory response was monitored in the lavages and biopsies. Parameters measured included cytology, protein expression of inflammatory markers (supernatant) after lavage centrifugation (800×g, 10min), ELISA, and immunostaining for interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). The mares were divided into three groups (3 mares each). Then, 24h after dead sperm challenge, group 1 received intrauterine infusion of 2×107 adipose MSC in 0.9% sterile saline; group 2, received the same amount of endometrial MSCs in the same vehicle; and group 3 received only saline. The volume of infusion in the uterine body was 20mL for all groups. Cells (passage 4) were previously labelled with 10μM Vybrant CFDA SE Cell Tracer Kit (ThermoFisher Scientific). After 48h, the same lavages, biopsies, and measurements as described above were performed. Additional biopsies were taken at Days 10 and 30 after intrauterine infusions. Biopsies were split in two, one for confocal microscopy and the other for quantitative PCR. Endometritis was induced in all mares, as judged by cytology and expression of protein markers of inflammation. After 48h, reduction in IL-6 and TNFα was detected by immunostaining of biopsies and confirmed by ELISA in the lavages, as well as by PCR. Homing was detected in all mares infused with MSC and it persisted at Days 10 and 30 after infusion. No homing was found in the control mares. As a result of these experiments, we conclude that inoculation of MSCs significantly reduced inflammation independently of the origin of the cells (adipose or endometrial). Both types of cells were nested in the endometrium at low quantities, although the number of cells actually detected at fixed time points was not quantified. Overall, we can propose that, given the number of homed cells detected and the marked decrease in inflammatory markers after inoculation of cells, MSCs exert their anti-inflammatory function preferentially by a paracrine mechanism and not necessarily by nesting and proliferation, although both events occur.
Funding for this study was provided by Fondecyt 1150757.
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Corrales B, Sierra M, Rojas D. Nutritional Practices and their Relationship with Body Mass Index (BMI) among Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 2 DM2), Instituto Nacional del Diabético (INADI), Tegucigalpa, Honduras. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.06.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jaramillo AF, Riquelme SA, Sánchez-Sanhueza G, Medina C, Solís-Pomar F, Rojas D, Montalba C, Melendrez MF, Pérez-Tijerina E. Comparative Study of the Antimicrobial Effect of Nanocomposites and Composite Based on Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Using Cu and Cu/Cu 2O Nanoparticles and CuSO 4. Nanoscale Res Lett 2019; 14:158. [PMID: 31073776 PMCID: PMC6509317 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-2987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites and a composite based on poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) were synthesized using commercial copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs), copper/cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu|Cu2O-NPs), and copper sulfate (CuSO4), respectively. The Cu|Cu2O-NPs were synthesized using chemical reduction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesis of Cu|Cu2O-NPs yielded a mixture of Cu and Cu2O, with metal Cu having a spherical morphology of approximately 40 nm in diameter and Cu2O with a diameter of 150 nm. To prepare the nanocomposites (NCs) and the composite material (MC), the NPs and the CuSO4 salt were incorporated into the PBAT matrix in concentrations of 1, 3, and 5% p/p via an ex situ method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), a tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and agar diffusion assays were used for structural, thermomechanical, and antimicrobial characterization. Results showed that the reinforcements did not modify the chemical structure of the PBAT and only slightly increased the percentage of crystallization. The mechanical and thermal properties of the PBAT did not change much with the addition of fillers, except for a slight increase in tensile strength and thermal stability, respectively. The agar diffusion antimicrobial assays showed that the NCs and MCs had good inhibitory responses against the nonresistant strains Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus aureus. The MCs based on CuSO4 had the highest biocidal effect, even against the resistant bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. F. Jaramillo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de La Frontera, Francisco Salazar 01145, 4780000 Temuco, Chile
| | - S. A. Riquelme
- Department of Materials Engineering (DIMAT), Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, 270 Edmundo Larenas, Box 160-C, 4070409 Concepción, Chile
| | - G. Sánchez-Sanhueza
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Discipline, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - C. Medina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (DIM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, 219 Edmundo Larenas, Concepción, Chile
| | - F. Solís-Pomar
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Physical-Mathematical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, 66451 San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo León México
| | - D. Rojas
- Advanced Nanocomposites Research Group (GINA), Department of Materials Engineering (DIMAT), Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, 270 Edmundo Larenas, Box 160-C, 4070409 Concepción, Chile
| | - C. Montalba
- Departamento de Tecnologías Industriales, Universidad de Talca, Camino a Los Niches KM 1, Curicó, Chile
| | - M. F. Melendrez
- Advanced Nanocomposites Research Group (GINA), Department of Materials Engineering (DIMAT), Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, 270 Edmundo Larenas, Box 160-C, 4070409 Concepción, Chile
| | - E. Pérez-Tijerina
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Physical-Mathematical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, 66451 San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo León México
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Landman C, Arriola Y, Chacón A, Giorgis De Á, Esparza C, Herrera E, Pizarro P, Ribera S, Rojas D, Verdejo V, Molina J. Transitando hacia el ejercicio de autonomía y liderazgo: … «para el posicionamiento hay que luchar». Enferm univ 2019. [DOI: 10.22201/eneo.23958421e.2019.2.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción: En Chile, las enfermeras/os tienen respaldo legal para gestionar el cuidado, esto facilita el desarrollo de competencias para ejercer autonomía y liderazgo. Actualmente persisten barreras para transitar hacia un reconocimiento real de la independencia profesional.
Objetivo: Develar la experiencia vivida de enfermeras con cargos en niveles de jefatura respecto al propio desarrollo para lograr el liderazgo y autonomía profesional.
Metodología: Estudio cualitativo descriptivo-interpretativo, desde la trayectoria fenomenológica de Edmund Husserl. Muestreo selectivo de caso homogéneo de tres enfermeras que desempeñaban rol de jefatura en instituciones de salud, región Valparaíso, Chile. Participación consentida. Entrevista no estructurada. Análisis del discurso utilizando el modelo de liderazgo integral de Ken Wilber.
Resultados: Categorías: Conciencia del líder «ser inquieta...intelectualmente». Construyendo competencias «el liderazgo se aprende». Transitando hacia el ejercicio de la autonomía y el liderazgo, “para el posicionamiento hay que luchar”. El peso de las estructuras organizacionales «tu rol es parte de un hospital». Interpretación: El eEjercicio del liderazgo y la autonomía se fundamenta en competencias actitudinales por sobre las cognitivas y técnicas. Existe mayor apoyo y reconocimiento a nivel institucional, que al interior del equipo de salud. Persisten limitaciones para lograr máxima expresión del liderazgo y autonomía, por persistencia de modelos institucionales hegemónicos, centrados en decisiones médicas y desconocimiento del rol integrado.
Conclusión: El líder se mueve en un escenario dual, entre un menor reconocimiento del equipo y un creciente empoderamiento del rol autónomo y visibilidad a nivel directivo institucional.
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Lino A, Fonseca C, Rojas D, Fischer E, Ramos Pereira MJ. A meta-analysis of the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on genetic diversity in mammals. Mamm Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rojas D, Moreira M, Ramos Pereira MJ, Fonseca C, Dávalos LM. Updated distribution maps for neotropical bats in the superfamily Noctilionoidea. Ecology 2018; 99:2131. [PMID: 30102420 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The IUCN provides a spatial database for many species, including terrestrial mammals. This database includes shapefiles with taxonomic information and the extent of occurrence for each species, and has been used in hundreds of studies in ecology, biogeography and conservation. Here we provide updated distribution maps that comprise the extent of occurrence of the neotropical bat species in the superfamily Noctilionoidea (Mammalia: Chiroptera) after a thorough research of new records published between January 2008 and March 2018. The main motivation for this update was the inclusion of spatial and climatic variables in explaining the ecological and taxonomic diversity of noctilionoid bats. The core of the superfamily (246 species distributed in five families out of 250 species) occurs in the Neotropics and shows ecological diversity unparalleled among mammals. This clade also shows the only evolutionary shift towards higher speciation rates within the order Chiroptera. Updating the range maps for these bats resulted in the modification of maps of 94 species, and the creation of new maps for 37 species missing from the IUCN database. From the 94 modified maps, 55 species increased their latitudinal range and 38 increased their longitudinal range. These modifications did not change the overall extent of occurrence of the clade. Altogether, modified and new maps represent 53% of Noctilionoidea. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set other than citation of this Data Paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Rojas
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia.,Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Matthew Moreira
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Maria João Ramos Pereira
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal.,Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Carlos Fonseca
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Liliana M Dávalos
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, 650 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA.,Consortium for Inter-Disciplinary Environmental Research, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, 129 Dana Hall, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
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Sánchez-Sanhueza G, Rebolledo S, López J, Encalada M, Bello-Toledo H, Rojas D, Medinam C, Melendrez MF. Synthesis of Copper Nanowires and Their Antimicrobial Activity on Strains Isolated Persistent Endodontic Infections. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2018; 18:4507-4514. [PMID: 29442626 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2018.15274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanowires, Cu-NWs may have a good antimicrobial effect in endodontic treatment. The objective of this work was to synthesize, characterize and evaluate the antibacterial activity of Cu-NWs on strains obtained from human root canal. A wide distribution of Cu-NWs diameters from 30 to 90 nm was obtained with lengths ranging from 5 to 40 μm. Structural analysis of Cu-NWs showed crystalline planes, which corresponded to Cu, with preferential growth in the direction [110]. The geometric mean MICs was of 289.30 μg/mL, with a MIC50 of 256 μg/mL and a MIC90 of 512 μg/mL for Cu-NWs. Cellular viability of 28 a biofilm tends to decrease the longer it is exposed to Cu-NWs. Synthesized and characterized Cu-NWs have a good antimicrobial effect against clinical strains used in the present study and has a potential to be used for disinfection of the root canal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sánchez-Sanhueza
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Discipline, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, 4070409, Chile
| | - S Rebolledo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Discipline, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, 4070409, Chile
| | - J López
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Discipline, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, 4070409, Chile
| | - M Encalada
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Discipline, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, 4070409, Chile
| | - H Bello-Toledo
- Department of Microbiology Research Laboratory Antibacterial Agents (LA), School of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, 4070409, Chile
| | - D Rojas
- Advanced Nanocomposites Research Group (GINA), Hybrid Materials Laboratory (HML), Department of Materials Engineering (DIMAT), Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, 270 Edmundo Larenas, Box 160-C, Concepción, 4070409, Chile
| | - C Medinam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (DIM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, 219 Edmundo Larenas, 4070409, Chile
| | - M F Melendrez
- Advanced Nanocomposites Research Group (GINA), Hybrid Materials Laboratory (HML), Department of Materials Engineering (DIMAT), Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, 270 Edmundo Larenas, Box 160-C, Concepción, 4070409, Chile
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Dicuonzo S, Raimondi S, Surgo A, Spoto R, Gerardi M, Morra A, Ricotti R, Dell'acqua V, Casbarra A, Arculeo S, Rojas D, Luraschi R, Cattani F, Fodor C, Veronesi P, Orecchia R, Leonardi M, Jereczek B. EP-1326: Hypofractionated IMRT using Tomotherapy for early stage breast cancer: early chronic toxicity. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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22
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Marvaso G, Fanetti G, Fodor C, Ricotti R, Ciardo D, Riva G, Volpe S, Rojas D, Zerini D, Romanelli P, Cambria R, Pansini F, Jereczek-Fossa B. PO-1084: Short-term RT for early PCa with concomitant boost to the DIL : QoL after the end of the accrual. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31394-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dicuonzo S, Leonardi M, Radice D, Morra A, Dell'Acqua V, Gerardi M, Rojas D, Surgo A, Cattani F, Cambria R, Fodor C, De Lorenzi F, Galimberti V, Orecchia R, Jereczek-Fossa B. EP-1344: Long-term reconstruction failure after postmastectomy RT to temporary expander or permanent implant. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31653-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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24
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Gerardi M, Morra A, Dicuonzo S, Arculeo S, Patti F, Ricotti R, Dell'Acqua V, Augugliaro M, Arrobbio C, Viola A, Rojas D, Fodor C, Emiro F, Cattani F, Raimondi S, Galimberti V, Orecchia R, Leonardi M, Jereczek-Fossa B. EP-1323: Dosimetry results and toxicity of a 3-week schedule RT with SIB in breast cancer, with TomoDirect. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31633-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Rojas D, Ramos Pereira MJ, Fonseca C, Dávalos LM. Eating down the food chain: generalism is not an evolutionary dead end for herbivores. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:402-410. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Rojas
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali Colombia
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies University of Aveiro 3810‐193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Maria João Ramos Pereira
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies University of Aveiro 3810‐193 Aveiro Portugal
- Institute of Biosciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Carlos Fonseca
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies University of Aveiro 3810‐193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Liliana M. Dávalos
- Department of Ecology and Evolution Stony Brook University 650 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook NY11794 USA
- Consortium for Inter‐Disciplinary Environmental Research School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook University 129 Dana Hall Stony Brook NY11794 USA
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Cabezas J, Rojas D, Navarrete F, Ortiz R, Rivera G, Saravia F, Rodriguez-Alvarez L, Castro FO. Equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from endometrial or adipose tissue share significant biological properties, but have distinctive pattern of surface markers and migration. Theriogenology 2017; 106:93-102. [PMID: 29049924 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adult stromal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been postulated as responsible for cell renewal in highly and continuously regenerative tissues such as the endometrium. MSCs have been identified in the endometrium of many species including humans, rodents, pets and some farm animals, but not in horses. The objective of this work was to isolate such cells from the endometrium of mares and to compare their main biological attributes with horse adipose-derived MSCs. Here we successfully isolated and characterized endometrial MSCs (eMSCs) from mares. Said cells showed fibroblast-like morphology, grew on plastic, had doubling population times of 46.4 ± 3.38 h, underwent tri-lineage (osteo, chondro and adipogenic) differentiation after appropriate inductions, migrated toward the attraction of fetal calf serum and displayed a pattern of surface markers commonly accepted for horse MSCs. All these are properties of MSCs. Some of these attributes were shared with equine adipose-derived MSCs, but the migration pattern of eMSC at 12 and 24 h after stimulation was reduced in comparison with adipose MSCs. Also, expression of CD44, CD90 and MHCI surface markers were dramatically down-regulated in eMSCs. In conclusion, equine-derived endometrial MSC share biological attributes with adipose MSC of this species, but displayed a different surface marker phenotype and an impaired migration ability. Conceivably, this phenotype is distinctive for MSC of this origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cabezas
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Animal, Chile.
| | - D Rojas
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, Chile.
| | - F Navarrete
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Animal, Chile.
| | - R Ortiz
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hospital de Animales Mayores, Chile.
| | - G Rivera
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hospital de Animales Mayores, Chile.
| | - F Saravia
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Animal, Chile.
| | - L Rodriguez-Alvarez
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Animal, Chile.
| | - F O Castro
- Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Animal, Chile.
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Lara E, Rivera N, Rojas D, Rodríguez-Alvarez LL, Castro FO. Characterization of mesenchymal stem cells in bovine endometrium during follicular phase of oestrous cycle. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:707-714. [PMID: 28419571 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells have been postulated as responsible for cell regeneration in highly and continuously regenerative tissues such as the endometrium. Few studies in cattle have identified and specified the presence of stem cells in the endometrium during the oestrous cycle. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the bovine endometrium during the follicular phase (FP) of the oestrous cycle. Uterine tissue was collected in the time-frame comprising day 18 of the cycle and ovulation (day 0). We isolated, cultured and expanded four primary cell lines from endometrium and identified byRT-qPCR the expression of OCT4, SOX2 but not NANOG (undifferentiated/embryonic markers), CD44 (MSCs marker) and c-KIT (stem cell marker) genes; and the encoded Oct4, Sox2 and Cd44 proteins by Western blot or immunostaining of paraffin-embedded tissue in endometrium. We demonstrated that cells isolated from bovine endometrium displayed essentially the same gene expression pattern; however, at the protein level, Oct4 and Cd44 were not detected. Besides, they showed typical functional characteristics of MSCs such as fibroblast-like morphology, plastic adherence, high proliferative capacity, clone formation in vitro and the ability to differentiate into chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. We obtained for the first time an extensive characterization of undifferentiated cells populations contained in the bovine endometrium during the FP of the oestrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lara
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - N Rivera
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - D Rojas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - L L Rodríguez-Alvarez
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - F O Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
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Ferrero V, Barrett SCH, Rojas D, Arroyo J, Navarro L. Associations between sex-organ deployment and morph bias in related heterostylous taxa with different stylar polymorphisms. Am J Bot 2017; 104:50-61. [PMID: 28039130 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Populations of heterostylous species are characterized by two or three floral morphs with reciprocal positioning of stigmas and anthers. Theoretical models predict equal morph frequencies (isoplethy) when disassortative mating is prevalent in populations, but biased morph ratios may occur when variation in the expression of heterostyly causes deviations from intermorph mating. METHODS We explore the role of sex-organ deployment in governing morph ratios in two closely related genera of Boraginaceae, exhibiting striking variation in floral traits associated with the heterostylous syndrome. We sampled 66 populations of six species of Glandora and 39 populations of three species of Lithodora across their distributional range in the Mediterranean. In each population we estimated morph ratios and measured several floral traits. We used phylogenetically corrected and noncorrected regressions to test the hypothesis that differences in sex-organ reciprocity and herkogamy are associated with deviations from isoplethy. KEY RESULTS Biased morph ratios occurred in 24% of populations, particularly in Lithodora. Populations biased for the long-styled morph (L-morph) were more frequent than the short-styled morph (S-morph). Distylous species were less likely to exhibit biased ratios than species with stigma-height dimorphism. In Lithodora fruticosa, a species lacking reciprocity, decreased herkogamy in the S-morph was associated with increasing L-morph bias, perhaps resulting from self-interference. CONCLUSION Striking variation in the expression of heterostyly in Glandora and Lithodora is associated with biased morph ratios, which probably result from pollinator-mediated mating asymmetries within populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Ferrero
- Department of Plant Biology and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, As Lagoas-Marcosende 36200 Vigo, Spain
- CFE, Centre for Functional Ecology and Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Spencer C H Barrett
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Danny Rojas
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, 650 Life Sciences Building Stony Brook, New York 11794 USA
| | - Juan Arroyo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1095 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luis Navarro
- Department of Plant Biology and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, As Lagoas-Marcosende 36200 Vigo, Spain
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Yohe LR, Velazco PM, Rojas D, Gerstner BE, Simmons NB, Dávalos LM. Bayesian hierarchical models suggest oldest known plant-visiting bat was omnivorous. Biol Lett 2016; 11:rsbl.2015.0501. [PMID: 26559512 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The earliest record of plant visiting in bats dates to the Middle Miocene of La Venta, the world's most diverse tropical palaeocommunity. Palynephyllum antimaster is known from molars that indicate nectarivory. Skull length, an important indicator of key traits such as body size, bite force and trophic specialization, remains unknown. We developed Bayesian models to infer skull length based on dental measurements. These models account for variation within and between species, variation between clades, and phylogenetic error structure. Models relating skull length to trophic level for nectarivorous bats were then used to infer the diet of the fossil. The skull length estimate for Palynephyllum places it among the larger lonchophylline bats. The inferred diet suggests Palynephyllum fed on nectar and insects, similar to its living relatives. Omnivory has persisted since the mid-Miocene. This is the first study to corroborate with fossil data that highly specialized nectarivory in bats requires an omnivorous transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel R Yohe
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Paúl M Velazco
- Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Danny Rojas
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Beth E Gerstner
- Department of Biology, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Nancy B Simmons
- Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Liliana M Dávalos
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA CIDER, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Rocha RG, Leite YLR, Costa LP, Rojas D. Independent reversals to terrestriality in squirrels (Rodentia: Sciuridae) support ecologically mediated modes of adaptation. J Evol Biol 2016; 29:2471-2479. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. G. Rocha
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Vitória Espirito Santo Brazil
| | - Y. L. R. Leite
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Vitória Espirito Santo Brazil
| | - L. P. Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Vitória Espirito Santo Brazil
| | - D. Rojas
- Departamento de Biologia Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Universidade de Aveiro Campus Universitário de Santiago Aveiro Portugal
- Department of Ecology and Evolution Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA
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Rojas D, Jurado-Sánchez B, Escarpa A. “Shoot and Sense” Janus Micromotors-Based Strategy for the Simultaneous Degradation and Detection of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Food and Biological Samples. Anal Chem 2016; 88:4153-60. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Rojas
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, 28871, Madrid, Spain
| | - B. Jurado-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, 28871, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Escarpa
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, 28871, Madrid, Spain
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Rojas D, Warsi OM, Dávalos LM. Bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionoidea) Challenge a Recent Origin of Extant Neotropical Diversity. Syst Biol 2016; 65:432-48. [DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syw011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Santini L, Rojas D, Donati G. Evolving through day and night: origin and diversification of activity pattern in modern primates. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Rojas D, Fernández Heredero Á, Salazar A, Concepción N, Jiménez R, Riera de Cubas L. Aplicabilidad de la escala de riesgo Finnvasc en pacientes con isquemia crítica tratados mediante revascularización infrainguinal. Angiología 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.angio.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cabezas J, Lara E, Pacha P, Rojas D, Veraguas D, Saravia F, Rodríguez-Alvarez L, Castro FO. The endometrium of cycling cows contains populations of putative mesenchymal progenitor cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:550-559. [PMID: 24754629 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial stem cells have been identified in humans, mice and pigs. This study was designed to determine whether the uterine endometrium of cycling cows contains such cells, to identify markers of stemness and ultimately to isolate putative stem/progenitor cell and evaluate their capability to differentiate into mesodermal derivatives. Uteri from healthy cows in the early (days 1-5) and late luteal phases (days 13-18) of the oestrous cycle were collected. Total RNA and proteins were isolated and searched for gene markers of embryonic (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2) and mesenchymal (CD44, STAT3, CD-117) stem cells and for protein markers (Oct4, Sox2, Cd44) in Western blots or immunostaining of paraffin-embedded tissue. Primary cell cultures were isolated; characterized in terms of morphology, colony formation and gene/protein expression; and induced osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. We identified expression of embryonic (OCT4 and SOX2, but not NANOG) and mesenchymal (STAT3, CD44 and c-KIT) gene markers in the endometrium of cycling cows and the encoded proteins (Oct4, Sox2 and Cd44) in both stages of the oestrous cycle. Derived cell lines displayed essentially the same gene expression pattern; however, at the protein level, Oct4 was not detected. No clear influence of the stage of the oestrous cycle was found. Cell lines from late luteal phase displayed osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential upon chemical stimulation. In this research, we demonstrated the presence of mesenchymal progenitor cell populations of apparently mesenchymal origin in the endometrium of cycling cows, in both the early and late phases of the oestrous cycle. The cells isolated from the late luteal phase were more acquiescent to differentiate into mesodermal derivatives than cells in the early luteal phase. Our findings might have implications for the understanding of uterine stem cell biology in cows and other farm animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cabezas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - E Lara
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - P Pacha
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - D Rojas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - D Veraguas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - F Saravia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - L Rodríguez-Alvarez
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - F O Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
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Cabezas J, Torres A, Pacha P, Saravia F, Lara E, Veraguas D, Rojas D, Rodriguez-Alvarez LL, Castro FO. 184 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BOVINE ENDOMETRIAL STEM CELLS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv26n1ab184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells had been isolated from various tissues of different species, including endometrial tissue of humans, mice, and pigs, but not from cattle. The aim of our work was to identify such cells in the bovine endometrium and to establish a model system in which to test inducers of differentiation and recruiters of stem cell niches, for potential therapeutic use in this and other species, such as horses. We searched for endometrial stem cells in healthy cycling cows and in cattle with clinical (C) or subclinical (SC) endometritis. For this, the uterine tracts of slaughtered cows were collected at early (Days 2 to 5; ELF) and late luteal phases (Days 11 to 15; LLF) of the oestrus cycle of healthy cows. For endometritis-diseased cattle, uterine biopsies were taken in live animals. In all cases, markers of stemness, inflammation, uterine function, and housekeeping were studied both at mRNA and protein level, by RT-qPCR and Western blot/immunohistochemistry respectively. In addition, cell primary cultures were established in vitro from all the animals (n = 4 for ELF, n = 4 for LLF; n = 4 for C and n = 4 for SC). We found that the endometrium of the majority of studied animals expressed embryonic stem cell markers, OCT4 and SOX2, but not or little NANOG, as well as CD44, c-Kit, and STAT3, all markers of mesenchymal stem cells. The expression profile of these markers was not related to the stage of the oestrus cycle; however there was a statistically significant reduction in the expression of embryonic stem cell markers in ill animals, being the lowest in clinically ill and intermediate in subclinical endometritis, (P < 0.05 and Pearson correlation coefficient 0.92). For markers of multipotency (mesenchymal), the expression was lower in clinical endometritis (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the expression profile of stem cell markers is indicative of the presence of stem cells in the bovine endometrium. At the protein level, we verified our findings for OCT4, SOX2, and CD44 using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. In general, there was a concordance between mRNA and protein profiles. Inflammatory markers showed a pattern characteristic for each of the studied stages. In order to have an ultimate criterion of the presence of stem cells, we tested the differentiation potential of the isolated cell lines, upon induction towards chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic lineages. We found that all the cell lines tested (n = 8) displayed mesenchymal differentiation potential as demonstrated by specific staining and gene expression markers. At present, work is in progress to isolate pure stem cell populations from these primary cultures to further characterise these cells. Conclusion: we showed for the first time the presence and differentiation potential of endometrial stem cells in cattle. This can have an effect on the development of new therapeutic approaches to combat uterine diseases, such as endometritis or endometriosis (in horses).
This work was supported by grant FONDECYT REGULAR 1110642, from the Government of Chile.
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Rojas D, Mancina CA, Flores-Martínez JJ, Navarro L. Phylogenetic signal, feeding behaviour and brain volume in Neotropical bats. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:1925-33. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Rojas
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal; Universidad de Vigo; Vigo Spain
| | - C. A. Mancina
- Departamento de Zoología; Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática; La Habana Cuba
| | - J. J. Flores-Martínez
- Departamento de Zoología; Instituto de Biología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México, D.F México
| | - L. Navarro
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal; Universidad de Vigo; Vigo Spain
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Vale A, Rojas D, Alvarez JC, Navarro L. Breeding system and factors limiting fruit production in the nectarless orchid Broughtonia lindenii. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2011; 13 Suppl 1:51-61. [PMID: 21134087 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00366.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Low fruit set values in most orchids (especially epiphytic and tropical species) are normally thought to be the consequence of pollination constraints and limited resources. In particular, pollination constraints are modulated by pollinator visitation rates, pollinator visitation behaviour (promoting crossing or selfing), the type and number of pollinia deposited on stigmas (in the case of orchids with subequal pollinia) and the amount of pollen loaded per inflorescence. In order to assess to what extent these factors can affect fruit set in specific orchid-pollinator systems, the repercussions of some of these aspects on reproduction of Broughtonia lindenii were examined in a coastal population in western Cuba. The study focused on plant breeding system, importance of pollen load and type of pollinia on subsequent fruit and seed, limiting factors of seed production and interaction with pollinators. This species presents long-lasting flowers that senesce after all forms of effective visit. Pollinator dependence for fruit production was demonstrated, while hand-pollination experiments revealed self-compatibility and inbreeding depression at seed level. More pollinia on stigmas enhance the proportion of well-developed seeds. In contrast, the pollinia type used in pollination is not important for seed quality of fruits, suggesting that small pollinia are not rudimentary. Natural fruit set in two consecutive years was substantially affected by pollinator activity, and also by systematic depredatory activity of ants and a caterpillar. Considering that this orchid completely lacks nectar and that the local assemblage of pollinators and predators influenced its reproduction, a minor importance of resource constraints in this epiphyte (with long-lasting reserve structures) is confirmed at least for a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vale
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, España
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Carnicero J, Rojas D. Lessons Learned from Implementation of Information and Communication Technologies in Spain's Healthcare Services: Issues and Opportunities. Appl Clin Inform 2010; 1:363-76. [PMID: 23616846 DOI: 10.4338/aci-2010-07-cr-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spain's health services have undertaken a number of important projects aimed at the creation of Electronic Health Records (EHR) through the incorporation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into patient care practices. The objective of this endeavor is to improve care quality and efficiency and increase responsiveness to the population's needs and demands. Between 2006-2009 over 300 million Euro were invested in projects of this type. OBJECTIVE To better understand the success criteria, the difficulties encountered and certain issues that must be kept in mind to ensure successful implementation of ICT projects in health organizations, based on Spain's experiences in this field. METHODS The projects' results are analyzed using the criteria of compliance with the expected scope, cost and time frame. RESULTS The results can be considered satisfactory in primary care facilities, where almost 90% of Spain's general practitioners, pediatricians and primary care nurses are using electronic health record (EHR) systems. In hospitals EHR implementation is more uneven. Over 40% of Spanish primary care centers and 42% of pharmacies are using electronic prescription (the information system that connects the physician to the dispensing pharmacy and the dispensing pharmacy to the payer). DISCUSSION All of Spain's health services are currently carrying out projects involving ICT application in healthcare, and a priori the benefits of ICT are not questioned. However, the costs and time frames required for these projects are clearly surpassing initial expectations, while the benefits perceived by both professionals and institutions remain limited. This situation may be due in part to the absence of a project management culture in the health services, which has led them to pay insufficient attention to the main difficulties and key issues related to the implementation of EHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Carnicero
- Observatory of the National Health System. Ministry of Health and Social Policy
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Sulbaran Y, Gutierrez C, Marquez B, Rojas D, Sanchez D, Navas J, Rovallo E, Pujol F. Hepatitis A virus genetic diversity in Venezuela: Exclusive circulation of subgenotype IA and evidence of quasispecies distribution in the isolates. J Med Virol 2010; 82:1829-34. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hugues F, Bassett JM, Taarit YB, Choplin A, Primet M, Rojas D, Smith AK. Surface organometallic chemistry: formation of HFe3(CO)11- from Fe3(CO)12 and Fe(CO)5 on silica, alumina, magnesia, and zinc oxide. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00389a022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Leconte M, Theolier A, Rojas D, Basset JM. Stoichiometric and catalytic homologation of olefins on the Fischer-Tropsch catalysts iron/silica, ruthenium/silica, osmium/silica, and rhodium/silica. Mechanistic implication in the mode of carbon-carbon bond formation. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00316a067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Beresford T, Arciniegas D, Rojas D, Sheeder J, Teale P, Aasal R, Sandberg E, Reite M. Hippocampal to pituitary volume ratio: a specific measure of reciprocal neuroendocrine alterations in alcohol dependence. J Stud Alcohol 1999; 60:586-8. [PMID: 10487726 DOI: 10.15288/jsa.1999.60.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies to date provide conflicting views of the relationship between corticosteroids and decreased hippocampal volume in alcoholism. If this were mediated through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, enlarged pituitary volumes relative to hippocampal volumes might be expected and be measurable using the hippocampus to pituitary volume (H:P) ratio. METHOD Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we performed volumetric analysis of the pituitary and hippocampus on 10 subjects with alcohol dependence (AD) and on 10 normal control subjects. RESULTS Compared to normal controls, AD subjects demonstrated a trend towards decreased hippocampal volume (p < .06) and increased pituitary volume (p < .07). More importantly, H:P ratios were significantly smaller in AD subjects (p < .01). This observation persisted even when covaried for age. CONCLUSIONS Reduced H:P ratio fits the hypothesis that ethanol stimulates pituitary corticotrophs resulting in elevated corticosteroid levels and possible injury to the hippocampus. If replicated, reduced H:P ratio may serve as a clinical measure of reciprocal neuroendocrine changes in chronic heavy ethanol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Beresford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, USA
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Llanos J, Rojas D, Mujica C, Peters K, Peters ΕM, Schnering HGV. Crystal structure of hexastrontium dodecacopper tridecairon heptacosasulfide, Sr6Cu12Fe13S27. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 1997. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.1997.212.1.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Reite M, Teale P, Sheeder J, Rojas D, Simon J. Neuropsychiatric applications of MEG. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl 1997; 47:363-82. [PMID: 9335999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Reite
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.
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Abstract
The effects of the non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist dextromethorphan on spatial learning were assessed using the Morris water maze. Dextromethorphan was administered to 4 groups of rats in 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/kg doses. An additional group of rats was administered saline to serve as a vehicle control group. Dextromethorphan impaired learning dose dependently in the initial training phase of the experiment. During the probe trial, dose-dependent performance deficits were noted in the first 15 s of the trial only. Search strategy differences between the lowest and highest dose groups were also observed during the probe trial. During the reversal training phase, when the platform was moved to a new location, the dose-dependent impairment was seen again, but the 40 mg/kg group perseverated to the former location longer than the other groups. A cued control trial indicated that in addition to the learning impairment produced, the highest dose of dextromethorphan may also impair sensory-motor coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bane
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA
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Rojas D. The neuropsychology of attention by Ronald A. Cohen, New York: Plenum Press, 1993, 545 pp. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0887-6177(96)90005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Viveros L, Valenzuela MA, Rojas D, Castillo J. [POEMS syndrome. A case report]. Rev Med Chil 1995; 122:546-9. [PMID: 7724896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A 48 years old male is reported. He presented with lower limb progressive and severe polyneuropathy, hypertrichosis, endocrinological alterations (hypothyroidism and hypogonadism) and organomegaly (hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathies). This syndrome was associated with an osteosclerotic myeloma. The patient died two months after admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Viveros
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Barros Luco-Trudeau, Santiago de Chile
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Rojas D. Leadership in a multicultural society: a case in role development. Nurs Health Care 1994; 15:258-61. [PMID: 7970261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Goldar JC, Rojas D, Outes M. [A neurobiological model of mind]. Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat 1993; 39:33-44. [PMID: 8237431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
An essential difference is established between the dorsal, and ventral regions of the cerebral cortex: While dorsal cortex--linked to archicortex or hippocampal allocortex--elaborates acts, and objects used in, or by, acts, ventral cortex--linked to paleocortex or olfactory allocortex, builds up preventive values favoring the inhibition of acts whenever the use of objects may become dangerous. Such a distinction between the dorsal and ventral regions of the cerebral cortex is founded mainly on disinhibition syndromes appearing in patients with ventral lesions--besides, the said distinction can explain some disinhibition demonstrations included in the schizophrenic clinical pictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Goldar
- Servicio del Hospital Nacional Dr. Braulio Moyano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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