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Quirke NP, Cullinane C, Turk MA, Shafique N, Evoy D, Geraghty J, McCartan D, Quinn C, Walshe JM, McDermott E, Rutherford C, Prichard RS. Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast; clinicopathologic profile and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy over a 15-year period. Breast 2024; 76:103739. [PMID: 38754140 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2024.103739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for 5-15% of invasive breast cancers. Typical ILC is oestrogen receptor (ER) positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative. Atypical biomarker profiles (ER- and HER2+, ER+ and HER2+ or triple negative) appear to differ from typical ILCs. This study compared subtypes of ILC in terms of clinical and pathological parameters, and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) according to biomarker profile. METHODS All patients with ILC treated in a single centre from January 2005 to December 2020 were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Clinicopathologic and outcome data was collected and analysed according to tumour biomarker profile. RESULTS A total of 582 patients with ILC were treated. Typical ILC was observed in 89.2% (n = 519) and atypical in 10.8% (n = 63). Atypical ILCs were of a higher grade (35% grade 3 vs 9.6% grade 3, p < 0.001). A larger proportion of atypical ILC received NACT (31.7% vs 6.9% p < 0.001). Atypical ILCs showed a greater response to NACT (mean RCB (Residual Cancer Burden Score) 2.46 vs mean RCB 3.41, p = 0.0365), and higher pathological complete response rates (15% vs 0% p = 0.017). Despite this, overall 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was higher in patients with typical ILC (91% vs 83%, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Atypical ILCs have distinct characteristics. They are more frequently of a higher grade and demonstrate a superior response to NACT. Despite the latter, atypical ILCs have a worse 5-year DFS which should be taken into consideration in terms of prognostication and may assist patient selection for NACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Quirke
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - C Cullinane
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M A Turk
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N Shafique
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Evoy
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Geraghty
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D McCartan
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Quinn
- Department of Pathology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J M Walshe
- Department of Oncology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E McDermott
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Rutherford
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R S Prichard
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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McDermott E, Eastham R, Hughes E, Johnson K, Davis S, Pryjmachuk S, Mateus C, McNulty F, Jenzen O. "What Works" to Support LGBTQ+ Young People's Mental Health: An Intersectional Youth Rights Approach. Int J Soc Determinants Health Health Serv 2024; 54:108-120. [PMID: 38385356 PMCID: PMC10955791 DOI: 10.1177/27551938241230766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite overwhelming international evidence of elevated rates of poor mental health in LGBTQ+ youth compared to their cis-heterosexual peers, we know relatively little about effective mental health services for this population group. This study aims to produce the first early intervention model of "what works" to support LGBTQ+ youth with emerging mental health problems. Utilizing a mixed method case study, we collected data across 12 UK mental health service case study sites that involved: (a) interviews with young people, parents, and mental health practitioners (n = 93); (b) documentary analysis; (c) nonparticipant observation. The data analysis strategy was theoretical using the "explanation-building" analytical technique. Our analysis suggests an intersectional youth rights approach with 13 principles that must be enacted to provide good mental health services as advocated by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and World Health Organization. This approach should address the multiple forms of marginalization and stigmatization that LGBTQ+ youth may experience, enable informed independent decision-making, and uphold the right to freedom of safe self-expression. A rights-based approach to mental health services for LGBTQ+ young people is not prominent. This needs to change if we are to tackle this mental health inequality and improve the mental well-being of LGBTQ+ youth worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachael Eastham
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Elizabeth Hughes
- School of Health and Social Policy, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Stephanie Davis
- School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Steven Pryjmachuk
- School of Health Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ceu Mateus
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Felix McNulty
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Olu Jenzen
- School of Art and Media, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
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3
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McDermott E, Kaley A, Kaner E, Limmer M, McGovern R, McNulty F, Nelson R, Geijer-Simpson E, Spencer L. Reducing LGBTQ+ adolescent mental health inequalities: a realist review of school-based interventions. J Ment Health 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37589454 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2023.2245894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LGBTQ+ young people have elevated rates of poor mental health in comparison to their cisgender heterosexual peers. School environment is a key risk factor and consistently associated with negative mental health outcomes for LGBTQ+ adolescents. AIMS To examine how, why, for whom and in what context school-based interventions prevent or reduce mental health problems in LGBTQ+ adolescents. METHODS A realist review methodology was utilised and focused on all types of school-based interventions and study designs. A Youth Advisory Group were part of the research team. Multiple search strategies were used to locate relevant evidence. Studies were subject to inclusion criteria and quality appraisal, and included studies were synthesised to produce a programme theory. Seventeen studies were included in the review. RESULTS Eight intervention components were necessary to address LGBTQ+ pupils mental health: affirmative visual displays; external signposting to LGBTQ+ support; stand-alone input; school-based LGBTQ support groups; curriculum-based delivery; staff training; inclusion policies; trusted adult. Few school-based interventions for this population group were identified. CONCLUSIONS The programme theory indicates that "to work" school-based interventions must have a "whole-school" approach that addresses specifically the dominant cis-heteronormative school environment and hence the marginalisation, silence, and victimisation that LGBTQ+ pupils can experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Kaley
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Eileen Kaner
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mark Limmer
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Ruth McGovern
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Felix McNulty
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Rosie Nelson
- School of Sociology, Politics, and International Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emma Geijer-Simpson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Liam Spencer
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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4
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Yong PFK, Coulter T, El-Shanawany T, Garcez T, Hackett S, Jain R, Kiani-Alikhan S, Manson A, Noorani S, Stroud C, Symons C, Sargur R, Steele C, Alachkar H, Anantharachagan A, Arkwright PD, Bernatoniene J, Bhole M, Brown L, Buckland M, Burns S, Chopra C, Darroch J, Drewe E, Edmonds J, Ekbote A, Elkhalifa S, Goddard S, Grosse-Kreul D, Gurugama P, Hague R, Herriot R, Herwadkar A, Hughes SM, Jones L, Lear S, McDermott E, Kham Murng SH, Price A, Redenbaugh V, Richter A, Riordan A, Shackley F, Stichbury J, Springett D, Tarzi MD, Thomas M, Vijayadurai P, Worth A. A National Survey of Hereditary Angioedema and Acquired C1 Inhibitor Deficiency in the United Kingdom. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11:2476-2483. [PMID: 37146882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detailed demographic data on people with hereditary angioedema (HAE) and acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency in the United Kingdom are relatively limited. Better demographic data would be beneficial in planning service provision, identifying areas of improvement, and improving care. OBJECTIVE To obtain more accurate data on the demographics of HAE and acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency in the United Kingdom, including treatment modalities and services available to patients. METHODS A survey was distributed to all centers in the United Kingdom that look after patients with HAE and acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency to collect these data. RESULTS The survey identified 1152 patients with HAE-1/2 (58% female and 92% type 1), 22 patients with HAE with normal C1 inhibitor, and 91 patients with acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency. Data were provided by 37 centers across the United Kingdom. This gives a minimum prevalence of 1:59,000 for HAE-1/2 and 1:734,000 for acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency in the United Kingdom. A total of 45% of patients with HAE were on long-term prophylaxis (LTP) with the most used medication being danazol (55% of all patients on LTP). Eighty-two percent of patients with HAE had a home supply of acute treatment with C1 inhibitor or icatibant. A total of 45% of patients had a supply of icatibant and 56% had a supply of C1 inhibitor at home. CONCLUSIONS Data obtained from the survey provide useful information about the demographics and treatment modalities used in HAE and acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency in the United Kingdom. These data are useful for planning service provision and improving services for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick F K Yong
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley, United Kingdom.
| | - Tanya Coulter
- Regional Immunology Service, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Tariq El-Shanawany
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Tomaz Garcez
- Department of Immunology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Hackett
- Department of Immunology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rashmi Jain
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ania Manson
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sadia Noorani
- Department of Immunology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Stroud
- Regional Department of Immunology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Symons
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Ravishankar Sargur
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Cathal Steele
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Hana Alachkar
- Department of Immunology, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ariharan Anantharachagan
- Department of Immunology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D Arkwright
- Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jolanta Bernatoniene
- Department of Paediatric Immunology, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Malini Bhole
- Department of Immunology, The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Department of Immunology and infectious Diseases, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Buckland
- Department of Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan Burns
- Department of Immunology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charu Chopra
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James Darroch
- Department of Immunology, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Drewe
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jillian Edmonds
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Anjali Ekbote
- Department of Immunology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Shuayb Elkhalifa
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Goddard
- Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Dorothea Grosse-Kreul
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Padmalal Gurugama
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rosie Hague
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Herriot
- Department of Immunology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Archana Herwadkar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Hughes
- Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Jones
- Department of Immunology and infectious Diseases, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Lear
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth McDermott
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sai Hurng Kham Murng
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, Epsom, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur Price
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Vyanka Redenbaugh
- Regional Immunology Service, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Richter
- Department of Immunology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Riordan
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Shackley
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Stichbury
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Springett
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael D Tarzi
- Department of Immunology, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Moira Thomas
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Pavaladurai Vijayadurai
- Department of Immunology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Austen Worth
- Department of Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Neves R, De Dios Perez B, Panek R, Jagani S, Wilne S, Bhatt JM, Caputi C, Cirillo E, Coman DJ, Dückers G, Gilbert DL, Kay Koenig M, Mansour L, McDermott E, Pauni M, Pignata C, Perlman SL, Porras O, Betina Porto M, Schon K, Soler-Palacin P, Nick Russo S, Takagi M, Tischkowitz M, Wainwright C, Dandapani M, Glazebrook C, Suri M, Whitehouse WP, Dineen RA. Development of cancer surveillance guidelines in ataxia telangiectasia: A Delphi-based consensus survey of international experts. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37264737 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a multiorgan disorder with increased vulnerability to cancer. Despite this increased cancer risk, there are no widely accepted guidelines for cancer surveillance in people affected by A-T. We aimed to understand the current international practice regarding cancer surveillance in A-T and agreed-upon approaches to develop cancer surveillance in A-T. DESIGN/METHODS We used a consensus development method, the e-Delphi technique, comprising three rounds. Round 1 consisted of a Delphi questionnaire and a survey that collected the details of respondents' professional background, experience, and current practice of cancer surveillance in A-T. Rounds 2 and 3 were designed based on previous rounds and modified according to the comments made by the panellists. The pre-specified consensus threshold was ≥75% agreement. RESULTS Thirty-five expert panellists from 13 countries completed the study. The survey indicated that the current practice of cancer surveillance varies widely between experts and centres'. Consensus was reached that evidence-based guidelines are needed for cancer surveillance in people with A-T, with separate recommendations for adults and children. Statements relating to the tests that should be included, the age for starting and stopping cancer surveillance and the optimal surveillance interval were also agreed upon, although in some areas, the consensus was that further research is needed. CONCLUSION The international expert consensus statement confirms the need for evidence-based cancer surveillance guidelines in A-T, highlights key features that the guidelines should include, and identifies areas of uncertainty in the expert community. This elucidates current knowledge gaps and will inform the design of future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Neves
- Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Blanca De Dios Perez
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rafal Panek
- Medical Physics & Clinical Engineering, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sumit Jagani
- Department of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sophie Wilne
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jayesh M Bhatt
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- UK National Paediatric Ataxia Telangiectasia Clinic, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Caterina Caputi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Cirillo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - David J Coman
- Metabolic Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gregor Dückers
- Childrens Hospital Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Donald L Gilbert
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mary Kay Koenig
- Division of Child & Adolescent Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for the Treatment of Pediatric Neurodegenerative Disease, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lobna Mansour
- Department of Pediatrics, Neuropediatric Unit, Cairo University Children Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elizabeth McDermott
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Micaela Pauni
- Neurologia Infantil, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Susan L Perlman
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Oscar Porras
- Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Department, National Children's Hospital "Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera", San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Katherine Schon
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pere Soler-Palacin
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sam Nick Russo
- Division of Child & Adolescent Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for the Treatment of Pediatric Neurodegenerative Disease, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Masatoshi Takagi
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claire Wainwright
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Madhumita Dandapani
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Mohnish Suri
- UK National Paediatric Ataxia Telangiectasia Clinic, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Robert A Dineen
- Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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6
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Ramphul M, Poghosyan A, Afzal J, McDermott E, Cliffe L, Bhatt JM. Respiratory Outcomes at 5-Year Follow-Up in Children with Mannose-Binding Lectin Deficiency: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Thorac Res Pract 2023; 24:85-90. [PMID: 37503644 PMCID: PMC10652073 DOI: 10.5152/thoracrespract.2023.22121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mannose-binding lectin deficiency may predispose children to having increased infection susceptibility. However, there is no conclusive evidence that mannose-binding lectin deficiency is associated with adverse respiratory consequences in children. We aimed to evaluate the effects of mannose-binding lectin deficiency (defined as a level of less than 0.6 mg/L) on clinical, radiological, and microbiological characteristics in children presenting with troublesome respiratory symptoms, as compared to those who are mannosebinding lectin-sufficient. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate the association between mannose-binding lectin deficiency and respiratory outcomes in children over a period of 10 years in a large teaching hospital. Children presenting with frequent or persistent respiratory symptoms such as a chronic wet cough lasting more than 4 weeks, recurrent lower respiratory tract infections (≥4 infections in a year), or severe respiratory tract infections requiring admission to intensive care or to high dependency unit were included in the study. RESULTS The study showed no significant difference in clinical outcomes with mannose-binding lectin deficiency and sufficiency. Thirty-two percent of children with mannose-binding lectin deficiency and 30% of those with mannose-binding lectin sufficiency had positive respiratory microbiology. Twenty-three percent of children with mannose-binding lectin deficiency and 24% of those with mannose-binding lectin sufficiency had radiological changes on plain radiographs; also the prevalence of bronchiectasis was similar in both groups. The rates of admission to pediatric intensive care unit were comparable in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS Children with mannose-binding lectin deficiency and sufficiency showed similar clinical, radiological, and microbiological characteristics. Our study suggests that there are no childhood adverse respiratory consequences with mannose-binding lectin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Ramphul
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Children’s Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Anna Poghosyan
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Children’s Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Javairiya Afzal
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Children’s Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Elizabeth McDermott
- Department of Immunology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Lucy Cliffe
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Children’s Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Jayesh M. Bhatt
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Children’s Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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7
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McDermott E, Kaley A, Kaner E, Limmer M, McGovern R, McNulty F, Nelson R, Geijer-Simpson E, Spencer L. Understanding How School-Based Interventions Can Tackle LGBTQ+ Youth Mental Health Inequality: A Realist Approach. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4274. [PMID: 36901284 PMCID: PMC10001812 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Globally, research indicates that LGBTQ+ young people have elevated rates of poor mental health in comparison with their cisgender heterosexual peers. The school environment is a major risk factor and is consistently associated with negative mental health outcomes for LGBTQ+ young people. The aim of this UK study was to develop a programme theory that explained how, why, for whom, and in what context school-based interventions prevent or reduce mental health problems in LGBTQ+ young people, through participation with key stakeholders. Online realist interviews were conducted in the UK with (1) LGBTQ+ young people aged between 13-18 years attending secondary schools (N = 10); (2) intervention practitioners (N = 9); and (3) school staff (N = 3). A realist retroductive data analysis strategy was employed to identify causal pathways across different interventions that improved mental health outcomes. The programme theory we produced explains how school-based interventions that directly tackle dominant cisgender and heterosexual norms can improve LGBTQ+ pupils' mental health. We found that context factors such as a 'whole-school approach' and 'collaborative leadership' were crucial to the delivery of successful interventions. Our theory posits three causal pathways that might improve mental health: (1) interventions that promote LGBTQ+ visibility and facilitate usualising, school belonging, and recognition; (2) interventions for talking and support that develop safety and coping; and (3) interventions that address institutional school culture (staff training and inclusion polices) that foster school belonging, empowerment, recognition, and safety. Our theoretical model suggests that providing a school environment that affirms and usualises LGBTQ+ identities and promotes school safety and belonging can improve mental health outcomes for LGBTQ+ pupils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Kaley
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Eileen Kaner
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Mark Limmer
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Ruth McGovern
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Felix McNulty
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Rosie Nelson
- School of Sociology, Politics and International Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TU, UK
| | - Emma Geijer-Simpson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Liam Spencer
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK
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8
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Shields AM, Anantharachagan A, Arumugakani G, Baker K, Bahal S, Baxendale H, Bermingham W, Bhole M, Boules E, Bright P, Chopra C, Cliffe L, Cleave B, Dempster J, Devlin L, Dhalla F, Diwakar L, Drewe E, Duncan C, Dziadzio M, Elcombe S, Elkhalifa S, Gennery A, Ghanta H, Goddard S, Grigoriadou S, Hackett S, Hayman G, Herriot R, Herwadkar A, Huissoon A, Jain R, Jolles S, Johnston S, Khan S, Laffan J, Lane P, Leeman L, Lowe DM, Mahabir S, Lochlainn DJM, McDermott E, Misbah S, Moghaddas F, Morsi H, Murng S, Noorani S, O'Brien R, Patel S, Price A, Rahman T, Seneviratne S, Shrimpton A, Stroud C, Thomas M, Townsend K, Vaitla P, Verma N, Williams A, Burns SO, Savic S, Richter AG. Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the UK. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 209:247-258. [PMID: 35641155 PMCID: PMC8807296 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In March 2020, the United Kingdom Primary Immunodeficiency Network (UKPIN) established a registry of cases to collate the outcomes of individuals with PID and SID following SARS-CoV-2 infection and treatment. A total of 310 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with PID or SID have now been reported in the UK. The overall mortality within the cohort was 17.7% (n = 55/310). Individuals with CVID demonstrated an infection fatality rate (IFR) of 18.3% (n = 17/93), individuals with PID receiving IgRT had an IFR of 16.3% (n = 26/159) and individuals with SID, an IFR of 27.2% (n = 25/92). Individuals with PID and SID had higher inpatient mortality and died at a younger age than the general population. Increasing age, low pre-SARS-CoV-2 infection lymphocyte count and the presence of common co-morbidities increased the risk of mortality in PID. Access to specific COVID-19 treatments in this cohort was limited: only 22.9% (n = 33/144) of patients admitted to the hospital received dexamethasone, remdesivir, an anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapeutic (e.g. REGN-COV2 or convalescent plasma) or tocilizumab as a monotherapy or in combination. Dexamethasone, remdesivir, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapeutics appeared efficacious in PID and SID. Compared to the general population, individuals with PID or SID are at high risk of mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Increasing age, low baseline lymphocyte count, and the presence of co-morbidities are additional risk factors for poor outcome in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian M Shields
- Clinical Immunology Service, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Gururaj Arumugakani
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Kenneth Baker
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sameer Bahal
- Department of Immunology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Malini Bhole
- The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Evon Boules
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Philip Bright
- Clinical Immunology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Charu Chopra
- Department of Haematology & Immunology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, UK
| | - Lucy Cliffe
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Betsy Cleave
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - John Dempster
- Specialist Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Lisa Devlin
- Regional Immunology Service, The Royal Hospitals, Belfast, UK
| | - Fatima Dhalla
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Lavanya Diwakar
- Department of Immunology, Royal Stoke Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Elizabeth Drewe
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christopher Duncan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Suzanne Elcombe
- Regional Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Shuayb Elkhalifa
- Immunology Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Gennery
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, and Paediatric Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Harichandrana Ghanta
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sarah Goddard
- Department of Immunology, Royal Stoke Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Sofia Grigoriadou
- Immunology Department, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Scott Hackett
- Paediatric Immunology Department, University Hospitals of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Grant Hayman
- Clinical Immunology Service, South West London Immunodeficiency Centre, Epsom and St Helier University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Richard Herriot
- Immunology Department, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Archana Herwadkar
- Immunology Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Aarnoud Huissoon
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rashmi Jain
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen Jolles
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sarah Johnston
- Clinical Immunology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Sujoy Khan
- Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - James Laffan
- Clinical Immunology Service, South West London Immunodeficiency Centre, Epsom and St Helier University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Peter Lane
- Clinical Immunology Service, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Lucy Leeman
- University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
| | - David M Lowe
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Immunology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Shanti Mahabir
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Elizabeth McDermott
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Siraj Misbah
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Hadeil Morsi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sai Murng
- Clinical Immunology Service, South West London Immunodeficiency Centre, Epsom and St Helier University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Sadia Noorani
- Clinical Immunology Department, Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rachael O'Brien
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, Surrey, UK
| | - Smita Patel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Arthur Price
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Tasneem Rahman
- Clinical Immunology Service, South West London Immunodeficiency Centre, Epsom and St Helier University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Anna Shrimpton
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Catherine Stroud
- Regional Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Moira Thomas
- Clinical Immunology Service, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katie Townsend
- Clinical Immunology Service, South West London Immunodeficiency Centre, Epsom and St Helier University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Prashantha Vaitla
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nisha Verma
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony Williams
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Siobhan O Burns
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Immunology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sinisa Savic
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Alex G Richter
- Clinical Immunology Service, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, UK
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9
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O'Shea A, Kilcoyne A, McDermott E, O'Grady M, McDermott S. Can radiomic feature analysis differentiate adrenal metastases from lipid-poor adenomas on single-phase contrast-enhanced CT abdomen? Clin Radiol 2022; 77:e711-e718. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Browne R, Cliffe L, Ip W, Brown K, McDermott E. A case of wild-type rubella-associated cutaneous granuloma in ataxia telangiectasia. Pediatr Dermatol 2022; 39:619-621. [PMID: 35644916 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Granulomatous skin disease is known to be associated with various primary immunodeficiencies, including ataxia telangiectasia (AT). Recent reports of persistence of live vaccine strain rubella within such cutaneous granulomas have raised concern regarding the safety of vaccination. Here we report a case of cutaneous granuloma in association with AT, demonstrating wild type, rather than vaccine strain rubella. This supports the persistence of rubella as a causative mechanism, but suggests it is not vaccine strain-specific, and thus may impact the decision of those considering not vaccinating this subset of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Browne
- Department of Dermatology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lucy Cliffe
- Department of Immunology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Winne Ip
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kevin Brown
- Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth McDermott
- Department of Immunology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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11
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McDermott E, Eastham R, Hughes E, Pattinson E, Johnson K, Davis S, Pryjmachuk S, Mateus C, Jenzen O. Explaining effective mental health support for LGBTQ+ youth: A meta-narrative review. SSM Ment Health 2021; 1:None. [PMID: 34957424 PMCID: PMC8654681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2021.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This meta-narrative review on mental health early intervention support for LGBTQ+ youth aimed to develop a theoretical framework to explain effective mental health support. Using the RAMESES standards for meta-narrative reviews, we identified studies from database searches and citation-tracking. Data extraction and synthesis was conducted through conceptual coding in Atlas.ti. in two stages: 1) conceptual mapping of the meta-narratives; 2) comparing the key concepts across the meta-narratives to produce a theoretical framework. In total, 2951 titles and abstracts were screened and 200 full papers reviewed. 88 studies were included in the final review. Stage 1 synthesis identified three meta-narratives - psychological, psycho-social, and social/youth work. Stage 2 synthesis resulted in a non-pathological theoretical framework for mental health support that acknowledged the intersectional aspects of LGBTQ+ youth lives, and placed youth at the centre of their own mental health care. The study of LGBTQ+ youth mental health has largely occurred independently across a range of disciplines such as psychology, sociology, public health, social work and youth studies. The interdisciplinary theoretical framework produced indicates that effective early intervention mental health support for LGBTQ+ youth must prioritise addressing normative environments that marginalises youth, LGBTQ+ identities and mental health problems. Despite elevated rates of poor mental health, LGBTQ + youth underutilize mental health services and often experience inadequate support. There is a limited evidence-base examining LGBTQ + youth early intervention mental health support needs. Early intervention services for LGBTQ + youth mental health must de-pathologize emotional distress, difficult thoughts and behaviours. Early intervention support must address normative environments that marginalises youth, intersectional LGBTQ + identities and mental health. Mental health support providers must understand individual lives, connect with LGBTQ+ youth, facilitate their autonomy and encourage agency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth McDermott
- Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Corresponding author. Department of Health Research, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK.
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12
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Zielen S, Duecker RP, Woelke S, Donath H, Bakhtiar S, Buecker A, Kreyenberg H, Huenecke S, Bader P, Mahlaoui N, Ehl S, El-Helou SM, Pietrucha B, Plebani A, van der Flier M, van Aerde K, Kilic SS, Reda SM, Kostyuchenko L, McDermott E, Galal N, Pignata C, Pérez JLS, Laws HJ, Niehues T, Kutukculer N, Seidel MG, Marques L, Ciznar P, Edgar JDM, Soler-Palacín P, von Bernuth H, Krueger R, Meyts I, Baumann U, Kanariou M, Grimbacher B, Hauck F, Graf D, Granado LIG, Prader S, Reisli I, Slatter M, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Arkwright PD, Bethune C, Deripapa E, Sharapova SO, Lehmberg K, Davies EG, Schuetz C, Kindle G, Schubert R. Simple Measurement of IgA Predicts Immunity and Mortality in Ataxia-Telangiectasia. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:1878-1892. [PMID: 34477998 PMCID: PMC8604875 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patients with ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) suffer from progressive cerebellar ataxia, immunodeficiency, respiratory failure, and cancer susceptibility. From a clinical point of view, A-T patients with IgA deficiency show more symptoms and may have a poorer prognosis. In this study, we analyzed mortality and immunity data of 659 A-T patients with regard to IgA deficiency collected from the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry and from 66 patients with classical A-T who attended at the Frankfurt Goethe-University between 2012 and 2018. We studied peripheral B- and T-cell subsets and T-cell repertoire of the Frankfurt cohort and survival rates of all A-T patients in the ESID registry. Patients with A-T have significant alterations in their lymphocyte phenotypes. All subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD4/CD45RA, and CD8/CD45RA) were significantly diminished compared to standard values. Patients with IgA deficiency (n = 35) had significantly lower lymphocyte counts compared to A-T patients without IgA deficiency (n = 31) due to a further decrease of naïve CD4 T-cells, central memory CD4 cells, and regulatory T-cells. Although both patient groups showed affected TCR-ß repertoires compared to controls, no differences could be detected between patients with and without IgA deficiency. Overall survival of patients with IgA deficiency was significantly diminished. For the first time, our data show that patients with IgA deficiency have significantly lower lymphocyte counts and subsets, which are accompanied with reduced survival, compared to A-T patients without IgA deficiency. IgA, a simple surrogate marker, is indicating the poorest prognosis for classical A-T patients. Both non-interventional clinical trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov 2012 (Susceptibility to infections in ataxia-telangiectasia; NCT02345135) and 2017 (Susceptibility to Infections, tumor risk and liver disease in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia; NCT03357978)
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Zielen
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ruth Pia Duecker
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Sandra Woelke
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Helena Donath
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sharhzad Bakhtiar
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Unit, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Aileen Buecker
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hermann Kreyenberg
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Unit, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sabine Huenecke
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Unit, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Bader
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Unit, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nizar Mahlaoui
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies (CEREDIH), Necker Children's University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sabine M El-Helou
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 To Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Barbara Pietrucha
- Department of Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michiel van der Flier
- Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Koen van Aerde
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sara S Kilic
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, the School of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Shereen M Reda
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Larysa Kostyuchenko
- Center of Pediatric Immunology, Western Ukrainian Specialized Children's Medical Centre, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Elizabeth McDermott
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nermeen Galal
- Department of Pediatrics, Cairo University Specialized Pediatric Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Juan Luis Santos Pérez
- Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Service of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Hans-Juergen Laws
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center of Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tim Niehues
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Necil Kutukculer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Immunology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Markus G Seidel
- Research Unit for Pediatric Hematology and Immunology, Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Marques
- Pediatric Department, Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Porto Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Peter Ciznar
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Children University Hospital in Bratislava, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Pere Soler-Palacín
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall D'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin Charité - Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Renate Krueger
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, and the Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Kanariou
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 To Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dagmar Graf
- MVZ Dr. Reising-Ackermann Und Kollegen, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Luis Ignacio Gonzalez Granado
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Pediatrics, Hospital 12 Octubre, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Seraina Prader
- Division of Immunology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ismail Reisli
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mary Slatter
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Paediatric Immunology and Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Great North Childrens' Hospital, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Department of Immunology, Dr. Negrin University Hospital of Gran Canaria, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Peter D Arkwright
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester and Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Elena Deripapa
- National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana O Sharapova
- Research Department, Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Minsk region, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Kai Lehmberg
- Division for Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Clinic for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - E Graham Davies
- Great Ormond Street Hospital and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Catharina Schuetz
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerhard Kindle
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FREEZE Biobank, Center for Biobanking, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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McDermott E, Kilcoyne A, O'Shea A, Cahalane AM, McDermott S. The role of percutaneous CT-guided biopsy of an adrenal lesion in patients with known or suspected lung cancer. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021; 46:1171-1178. [PMID: 32945923 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-020-02743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and complication rate of percutaneous adrenal biopsy in patients with known or suspected lung cancer. METHODS This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at our institution as a retrospective analysis; therefore, the need for informed consent was waived. All percutaneous adrenal biopsies performed between April 1993 and May 2019 were reviewed. 357 of 582 biopsies were performed on 343 patients with known or suspected lung cancer (M:F 164:179; mean age 66 years). The biopsy results were classified into malignant, benign, or non-diagnostic. The final diagnosis was established by pathology (biopsy and/or surgical resection) or imaging follow-up on CT for at least 12 months following the biopsy. Patients with less than 12 months follow-up were excluded (n = 44). Complications were recorded. RESULTS The final diagnosis was metastatic lung cancer in 235 cases (77.8%), metastasis from an extrapulmonary primary in 2 cases (0.7%), pheochromocytoma in 2 cases (0.7%), and benign lesions in 63 cases (20.9%). Percutaneous adrenal gland biopsy had a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 100% for lung cancer metastases. The non-diagnostic rate was 0.6%. Larger lesions were more likely to be malignant (p = 0.0000) and to be correctly classified as a lung metastasis (p = 0.025). The incidence of minor complications was 1.1%. There were no major complications. CONCLUSION Over 20% of adrenal lesions in patients with known or suspected lung cancer were not related to lung cancer. Percutaneous adrenal gland biopsy is a safe procedure, with high sensitivity and specificity for lung cancer metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E McDermott
- Tallaght University Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Kilcoyne
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - A O'Shea
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - A M Cahalane
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - S McDermott
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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Abstract
This study explores the association between lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB) status and self-harm in UK higher education students. There is currently limited data on this association, and the role psychological variables have in potentially explaining this link, in UK students. We examine whether LGB status is associated with self-harm (both non-suicidal self-injury [NSSI] and suicide attempts [SA]), and whether 4 psychological variables (depression, anxiety, belongingness, self-esteem) mediate this association. A cross-sectional survey was used. UK university students (n = 707) completed an online survey including measures of self-harm, affective symptoms, belongingness, and self-esteem. Latent Variable Modelling (LVM) was used to test our hypotheses. LGB status remained associated with an elevated risk of NSSI and SA even after accounting for mediating factors. Self-esteem and (in the case of SA but not NSSI) thwarted belongingness, did, however, explain some of this association and were correlated with self-harm risk. The findings suggest that psychological factors may account for the association between LGB status and self-harm and, as such, prevention and intervention efforts directed at these psychological mediators may help to reduce self-harm risk in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter James Taylor
- Clinical Psychology, University of Manchester Institute of Human Development, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Katie Dhingra
- Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | | | - Elizabeth McDermott
- University of Lancaster, Lancaster, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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McDermott E, Hughes E, Rawlings V. The social determinants of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth suicidality in England: a mixed methods study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019; 40:e244-e251. [PMID: 29045707 PMCID: PMC6166581 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) youth have a higher risk of suicidality and self-harm than heterosexual youth populations but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. We aimed to investigate the social determinants of this mental health inequality. Methods A two-stage sequential mixed method study was conducted. Firstly, 29 semi-structured interviews with LGBT youth (aged 13–25 years old) were completed. Data was analysed thematically. Stage 2 involved a self-completed questionnaire employing an online community-based sampling strategy (n = 789). Logistic regression analysis was performed to predict suicidality. Results Five social determinants explained suicidal risk: (i) homophobia, biphobia or transphobia; (ii) sexual and gender norms; (iii) managing sexual and gender identities across multiple life domains; (iv) being unable to talk; (v) other life crises. Youth who were transgender (OR = 1.50, P < 0.022), disabled (OR = 2.23, P < 0.000), had self-harmed (OR = 7.45, P < 0.000), were affected by abuse (OR = 2.14, P < 0.000), and affected by not talking about their emotions (OR = 2.43, P < 0.044) were most likely to have planned or attempted suicide. Conclusions Public health universal interventions that tackle bullying and discrimination in schools, and selected interventions that provide specific LGBT youth mental health support could reduce LGBT mental health inequalities in youth suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Hughes
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Victoria Rawlings
- Faculty of Education and Social Work, University of Sydney, Camperdown NSW, Australia
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16
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Kneale D, French R, Spandler H, Young I, Purcell C, Boden Z, Brown SD, Callwood D, Carr S, Dymock A, Eastham R, Gabb J, Henley J, Jones C, McDermott E, Mkhwanazi N, Ravenhill J, Reavey P, Scott R, Smith C, Smith M, Thomas J, Tingay K. Conducting sexualities research: an outline of emergent issues and case studies from ten Wellcome-funded projects. Wellcome Open Res 2019; 4:137. [PMID: 31976377 PMCID: PMC6961412 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15283.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This letter seeks to synthesise methodological challenges encountered in a cohort of Wellcome Trust-funded research projects focusing on sexualities and health. The ten Wellcome Trust projects span a diversity of gender and sexual orientations and identities, settings; institutional and non-institutional contexts, lifecourse stages, and explore a range of health-related interventions. As researchers, we originate from a breadth of disciplinary traditions, use a variety of research methods and data sources. Despite this breadth, four common themes are found across the projects: (i) inclusivity, representations and representativeness, (ii) lumping together of diverse groups, (iii) institutions and closed settings (iv) ethical and governance barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Kneale
- EPPI-Centre, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, WC1H 0AL, UK
| | - Robert French
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK.,Department of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff & Vale NHS Trust, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK.,Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TX, UK
| | - Helen Spandler
- School of Social Work, Care and Community, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Ingrid Young
- Centre for Biomedicine, Self and Society, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Carrie Purcell
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G2 3AX, UK
| | - Zoë Boden
- School of Applied Social Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Steven D Brown
- Faculty of Business & Law, Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Dan Callwood
- University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
| | - Sarah Carr
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, UK, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Alex Dymock
- School of Law, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, WC1B 3RF, UK
| | - Rachael Eastham
- Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Jacqui Gabb
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Open University, UK, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Josie Henley
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Charlotte Jones
- Wellcome Centre for Cultures and Environments of Health, University of Exter, Exeter, EX4 4PY, UK
| | | | - Nolwazi Mkhwanazi
- Department of Anthropology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
| | - James Ravenhill
- School of Applied Social Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Paula Reavey
- Division of Psychology, London South Bank University, London, SE1 0AA, UK
| | - Rachel Scott
- University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
| | - Clarissa Smith
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR6 0DD, UK
| | - Matthew Smith
- Centre for the Social History of Health and Healthcare, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, UK
| | - James Thomas
- UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, WC1H 0AL, UK
| | - Karen Tingay
- Office for National Statistics, Newport, NP10 8XG, UK
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17
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Abstract
Conflict with the family about sexual orientation and gender diversity is a key risk factor associated with poor mental health in youth populations. Findings presented here derive from a UK study that employed an interdisciplinary critical mental health approach that de-pathologised emotional distress and conceptualised families as social and affective units that are created through everyday practices. Our aim was to explore how family relationships foster, maintain or harm the mental health and well-being of LGBTQ+ youth. Data were generated through exploratory visual, creative and digital qualitative methods in two phases. Phase 1 involved digital/paper emotion maps and interviews with LGBTQ+ youth aged 16 to 25 (n = 12) and family member/mentor interviews (n = 7). Phase 2 employed diary methods and follow-up interviews (n = 9). The data analytic strategy involved three stages: individual case analysis, cross-sectional thematic analysis and meta-interpretation. We found that family relationships impacted queer youth mental health in complex ways that were related to the establishment of their autonomous queer selves, the desire to remain belonging to their family and the need to maintain a secure environment. The emotion work involved in navigating identity, belonging and security was made difficult because of family heteronormativity, youth autonomy and family expectations, and had a stark impact on queer youth mental health and well-being. Improving the mental health of LGBTQ+ youth requires a much deeper understanding of the emotionality of family relationships and the difficulties negotiating these as a young person.
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Gorman KM, Meyer E, Grozeva D, Spinelli E, McTague A, Sanchis-Juan A, Carss KJ, Bryant E, Reich A, Schneider AL, Pressler RM, Simpson MA, Debelle GD, Wassmer E, Morton J, Sieciechowicz D, Jan-Kamsteeg E, Paciorkowski AR, King MD, Cross JH, Poduri A, Mefford HC, Scheffer IE, Haack TB, McCullagh G, Millichap JJ, Carvill GL, Clayton-Smith J, Maher ER, Raymond FL, Kurian MA, McRae JF, Clayton S, Fitzgerald TW, Kaplanis J, Prigmore E, Rajan D, Sifrim A, Aitken S, Akawi N, Alvi M, Ambridge K, Barrett DM, Bayzetinova T, Jones P, Jones WD, King D, Krishnappa N, Mason LE, Singh T, Tivey AR, Ahmed M, Anjum U, Archer H, Armstrong R, Awada J, Balasubramanian M, Banka S, Baralle D, Barnicoat A, Batstone P, Baty D, Bennett C, Berg J, Bernhard B, Bevan AP, Bitner-Glindzicz M, Blair E, Blyth M, Bohanna D, Bourdon L, Bourn D, Bradley L, Brady A, Brent S, Brewer C, Brunstrom K, Bunyan DJ, Burn J, Canham N, Castle B, Chandler K, Chatzimichali E, Cilliers D, Clarke A, Clasper S, Clayton-Smith J, Clowes V, Coates A, Cole T, Colgiu I, Collins A, Collinson MN, Connell F, Cooper N, Cox H, Cresswell L, Cross G, Crow Y, D’Alessandro M, Dabir T, Davidson R, Davies S, de Vries D, Dean J, Deshpande C, Devlin G, Dixit A, Dobbie A, Donaldson A, Donnai D, Donnelly D, Donnelly C, Douglas A, Douzgou S, Duncan A, Eason J, Ellard S, Ellis I, Elmslie F, Evans K, Everest S, Fendick T, Fisher R, Flinter F, Foulds N, Fry A, Fryer A, Gardiner C, Gaunt L, Ghali N, Gibbons R, Gill H, Goodship J, Goudie D, Gray E, Green A, Greene P, Greenhalgh L, Gribble S, Harrison R, Harrison L, Harrison V, Hawkins R, He L, Hellens S, Henderson A, Hewitt S, Hildyard L, Hobson E, Holden S, Holder M, Holder S, Hollingsworth G, Homfray T, Humphreys M, Hurst J, Hutton B, Ingram S, Irving M, Islam L, Jackson A, Jarvis J, Jenkins L, Johnson D, Jones E, Josifova D, Joss S, Kaemba B, Kazembe S, Kelsell R, Kerr B, Kingston H, Kini U, Kinning E, Kirby G, Kirk C, Kivuva E, Kraus A, Kumar D, Kumar VKA, Lachlan K, Lam W, Lampe A, Langman C, Lees M, Lim D, Longman C, Lowther G, Lynch SA, Magee A, Maher E, Male A, Mansour S, Marks K, Martin K, Maye U, McCann E, McConnell V, McEntagart M, McGowan R, McKay K, McKee S, McMullan DJ, McNerlan S, McWilliam C, Mehta S, Metcalfe K, Middleton A, Miedzybrodzka Z, Miles E, Mohammed S, Montgomery T, Moore D, Morgan S, Morton J, Mugalaasi H, Murday V, Murphy H, Naik S, Nemeth A, Nevitt L, Newbury-Ecob R, Norman A, O’Shea R, Ogilvie C, Ong KR, Park SM, Parker MJ, Patel C, Paterson J, Payne S, Perrett D, Phipps J, Pilz DT, Pollard M, Pottinger C, Poulton J, Pratt N, Prescott K, Price S, Pridham A, Procter A, Purnell H, Quarrell O, Ragge N, Rahbari R, Randall J, Rankin J, Raymond L, Rice D, Robert L, Roberts E, Roberts J, Roberts P, Roberts G, Ross A, Rosser E, Saggar A, Samant S, Sampson J, Sandford R, Sarkar A, Schweiger S, Scott R, Scurr I, Selby A, Seller A, Sequeira C, Shannon N, Sharif S, Shaw-Smith C, Shearing E, Shears D, Sheridan E, Simonic I, Singzon R, Skitt Z, Smith A, Smith K, Smithson S, Sneddon L, Splitt M, Squires M, Stewart F, Stewart H, Straub V, Suri M, Sutton V, Swaminathan GJ, Sweeney E, Tatton-Brown K, Taylor C, Taylor R, Tein M, Temple IK, Thomson J, Tischkowitz M, Tomkins S, Torokwa A, Treacy B, Turner C, Turnpenny P, Tysoe C, Vandersteen A, Varghese V, Vasudevan P, Vijayarangakannan P, Vogt J, Wakeling E, Wallwark S, Waters J, Weber A, Wellesley D, Whiteford M, Widaa S, Wilcox S, Wilkinson E, Williams D, Williams N, Wilson L, Woods G, Wragg C, Wright M, Yates L, Yau M, Nellåker C, Parker M, Firth HV, Wright CF, FitzPatrick DR, Barrett JC, Hurles ME, Al Turki S, Anderson C, Anney R, Antony D, Artigas MS, Ayub M, Balasubramaniam S, Barrett JC, Barroso I, Beales P, Bentham J, Bhattacharya S, Birney E, Blackwood D, Bobrow M, Bochukova E, Bolton P, Bounds R, Boustred C, Breen G, Calissano M, Carss K, Chatterjee K, Chen L, Ciampi A, Cirak S, Clapham P, Clement G, Coates G, Collier D, Cosgrove C, Cox T, Craddock N, Crooks L, Curran S, Curtis D, Daly A, Day-Williams A, Day IN, Down T, Du Y, Dunham I, Edkins S, Ellis P, Evans D, Faroogi S, Fatemifar G, Fitzpatrick DR, Flicek P, Flyod J, Foley AR, Franklin CS, Futema M, Gallagher L, Geihs M, Geschwind D, Griffin H, Grozeva D, Guo X, Guo X, Gurling H, Hart D, Hendricks A, Holmans P, Howie B, Huang L, Hubbard T, Humphries SE, Hurles ME, Hysi P, Jackson DK, Jamshidi Y, Jing T, Joyce C, Kaye J, Keane T, Keogh J, Kemp J, Kennedy K, Kolb-Kokocinski A, Lachance G, Langford C, Lawson D, Lee I, Lek M, Liang J, Lin H, Li R, Li Y, Liu R, Lönnqvist J, Lopes M, Iotchkova V, MacArthur D, Marchini J, Maslen J, Massimo M, Mathieson I, Marenne G, McGuffin P, McIntosh A, McKechanie AG, McQuillin A, Metrustry S, Mitchison H, Moayyeri A, Morris J, Muntoni F, Northstone K, O'Donnovan M, Onoufriadis A, O'Rahilly S, Oualkacha K, Owen MJ, Palotie A, Panoutsopoulou K, Parker V, Parr JR, Paternoster L, Paunio T, Payne F, Pietilainen O, Plagnol V, Quaye L, Quail MA, Raymond L, Rehnström K, Ring S, Ritchie GR, Roberts N, Savage DB, Scambler P, Schiffels S, Schmidts M, Schoenmakers N, Semple RK, Serra E, Sharp SI, Shin SY, Skuse D, Small K, Southam L, Spasic-Boskovic O, St Clair D, Stalker J, Stevens E, St Pourcian B, Sun J, Suvisaari J, Tachmazidou I, Tobin MD, Valdes A, Van Kogelenberg M, Vijayarangakannan P, Visscher PM, Wain LV, Walters JT, Wang G, Wang J, Wang Y, Ward K, Wheeler E, Whyte T, Williams H, Williamson KA, Wilson C, Wong K, Xu C, Yang J, Zhang F, Zhang P, Aitman T, Alachkar H, Ali S, Allen L, Allsup D, Ambegaonkar G, Anderson J, Antrobus R, Armstrong R, Arno G, Arumugakani G, Ashford S, Astle W, Attwood A, Austin S, Bacchelli C, Bakchoul T, Bariana TK, Baxendale H, Bennett D, Bethune C, Bibi S, Bitner-Glindzicz M, Bleda M, Boggard H, Bolton-Maggs P, Booth C, Bradley JR, Brady A, Brown M, Browning M, Bryson C, Burns S, Calleja P, Canham N, Carmichael J, Carss K, Caulfield M, Chalmers E, Chandra A, Chinnery P, Chitre M, Church C, Clement E, Clements-Brod N, Clowes V, Coghlan G, Collins P, Cooper N, Creaser-Myers A, DaCosta R, Daugherty L, Davies S, Davis J, De Vries M, Deegan P, Deevi SV, Deshpande C, Devlin L, Dewhurst E, Doffinger R, Dormand N, Drewe E, Edgar D, Egner W, Erber WN, Erwood M, Everington T, Favier R, Firth H, Fletcher D, Flinter F, Fox JC, Frary A, Freson K, Furie B, Furnell A, Gale D, Gardham A, Gattens M, Ghali N, Ghataorhe PK, Ghurye R, Gibbs S, Gilmour K, Gissen P, Goddard S, Gomez K, Gordins P, Gräf S, Greene D, Greenhalgh A, Greinacher A, Grigoriadou S, Grozeva D, Hackett S, Hadinnapola C, Hague R, Haimel M, Halmagyi C, Hammerton T, Hart D, Hayman G, Heemskerk JW, Henderson R, Hensiek A, Henskens Y, Herwadkar A, Holden S, Holder M, Holder S, Hu F, Huissoon A, Humbert M, Hurst J, James R, Jolles S, Josifova D, Kazmi R, Keeling D, Kelleher P, Kelly AM, Kennedy F, Kiely D, Kingston N, Koziell A, Krishnakumar D, Kuijpers TW, Kumararatne D, Kurian M, Laffan MA, Lambert MP, Allen HL, Lawrie A, Lear S, Lees M, Lentaigne C, Liesner R, Linger R, Longhurst H, Lorenzo L, Machado R, Mackenzie R, MacLaren R, Maher E, Maimaris J, Mangles S, Manson A, Mapeta R, Markus HS, Martin J, Masati L, Mathias M, Matser V, Maw A, McDermott E, McJannet C, Meacham S, Meehan S, Megy K, Mehta S, Michaelides M, Millar CM, Moledina S, Moore A, Morrell N, Mumford A, Murng S, Murphy E, Nejentsev S, Noorani S, Nurden P, Oksenhendler E, Ouwehand WH, Papadia S, Park SM, Parker A, Pasi J, Patch C, Paterson J, Payne J, Peacock A, Peerlinck K, Penkett CJ, Pepke-Zaba J, Perry DJ, Pollock V, Polwarth G, Ponsford M, Qasim W, Quinti I, Rankin S, Rankin J, Raymond FL, Rehnstrom K, Reid E, Rhodes CJ, Richards M, Richardson S, Richter A, Roberts I, Rondina M, Rosser E, Roughley C, Rue-Albrecht K, Samarghitean C, Sanchis-Juan A, Sandford R, Santra S, Sargur R, Savic S, Schulman S, Schulze H, Scott R, Scully M, Seneviratne S, Sewell C, Shamardina O, Shipley D, Simeoni I, Sivapalaratnam S, Smith K, Sohal A, Southgate L, Staines S, Staples E, Stauss H, Stein P, Stephens J, Stirrups K, Stock S, Suntharalingam J, Tait RC, Talks K, Tan Y, Thachil J, Thaventhiran J, Thomas E, Thomas M, Thompson D, Thrasher A, Tischkowitz M, Titterton C, Toh CH, Toshner M, Treacy C, Trembath R, Tuna S, Turek W, Turro E, Van Geet C, Veltman M, Vogt J, von Ziegenweldt J, Vonk Noordegraaf A, Wakeling E, Wanjiku I, Warner TQ, Wassmer E, Watkins H, Webster A, Welch S, Westbury S, Wharton J, Whitehorn D, Wilkins M, Willcocks L, Williamson C, Woods G, Wort J, Yeatman N, Yong P, Young T, Yu P. Bi-allelic Loss-of-Function CACNA1B Mutations in Progressive Epilepsy-Dyskinesia. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:948-956. [PMID: 30982612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of non-epileptic hyperkinetic movements in the context of developmental epileptic encephalopathies is an increasingly recognized phenomenon. Identification of causative mutations provides an important insight into common pathogenic mechanisms that cause both seizures and abnormal motor control. We report bi-allelic loss-of-function CACNA1B variants in six children from three unrelated families whose affected members present with a complex and progressive neurological syndrome. All affected individuals presented with epileptic encephalopathy, severe neurodevelopmental delay (often with regression), and a hyperkinetic movement disorder. Additional neurological features included postnatal microcephaly and hypotonia. Five children died in childhood or adolescence (mean age of death: 9 years), mainly as a result of secondary respiratory complications. CACNA1B encodes the pore-forming subunit of the pre-synaptic neuronal voltage-gated calcium channel Cav2.2/N-type, crucial for SNARE-mediated neurotransmission, particularly in the early postnatal period. Bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in CACNA1B are predicted to cause disruption of Ca2+ influx, leading to impaired synaptic neurotransmission. The resultant effect on neuronal function is likely to be important in the development of involuntary movements and epilepsy. Overall, our findings provide further evidence for the key role of Cav2.2 in normal human neurodevelopment.
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Horvath S, McDermott E, Reilly K, Arunachalam S. Acquisition of Verb Meaning From Syntactic Distribution in Preschoolers With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 2019; 49:668-680. [PMID: 30120445 DOI: 10.1044/2018_lshss-stlt1-17-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our goal was to investigate whether preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can begin to learn new word meanings by attending to the linguistic contexts in which they occur, even in the absence of visual or social context. We focused on verbs because of their importance for subsequent language development. Method Thirty-two children with ASD, ages 2;1-4;5 (years;months), participated in a verb-learning task. In a between-subjects design, they were randomly assigned to hear novel verbs in either transitive or intransitive syntactic frames while watching an unrelated silent animation or playing quietly with a toy. In an eye-tracking test, they viewed two video scenes, one depicting a causative event (e.g., boy spinning girl) and the other depicting synchronous events (e.g., boy and girl waving). They were prompted to find the referents of the novel verbs, and their eye gaze was measured. Results Like typically developing children in prior work, children with ASD who had heard the verbs in transitive syntactic frames preferred to look to the causative scene as compared to children who had heard intransitive frames. Conclusions This finding replicates and extends prior work on verb learning in children with ASD by demonstrating that they can attend to a novel verb's syntactic distribution absent relevant visual or social context, and they can use this information to assign the novel verb an appropriate meaning. We discuss points for future research, including examining individual differences that may impact success and contrasting social and nonsocial word-learning tasks directly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kathleen Reilly
- Tufts Medical Center, Floating Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
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Zrenner B, Gordon P, Kempf A, Belardinelli P, McDermott E, Soekadar S, Fallgatter A, Zrenner C, Ziemann U, Dahlhaus FM. Alpha-synchronized stimulation of the left DLPFC in depression using real-time EEG-triggered TMS. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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McDermott E, Hughes E, Rawlings V. Corrigendum: The social determinants of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth suicidality in England: a mixed methods study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2018; 40:e616. [PMID: 29136170 PMCID: PMC6306084 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Schwab C, Gabrysch A, Olbrich P, Patiño V, Warnatz K, Wolff D, Hoshino A, Kobayashi M, Imai K, Takagi M, Dybedal I, Haddock JA, Sansom DM, Lucena JM, Seidl M, Schmitt-Graeff A, Reiser V, Emmerich F, Frede N, Bulashevska A, Salzer U, Schubert D, Hayakawa S, Okada S, Kanariou M, Kucuk ZY, Chapdelaine H, Petruzelkova L, Sumnik Z, Sediva A, Slatter M, Arkwright PD, Cant A, Lorenz HM, Giese T, Lougaris V, Plebani A, Price C, Sullivan KE, Moutschen M, Litzman J, Freiberger T, van de Veerdonk FL, Recher M, Albert MH, Hauck F, Seneviratne S, Pachlopnik Schmid J, Kolios A, Unglik G, Klemann C, Speckmann C, Ehl S, Leichtner A, Blumberg R, Franke A, Snapper S, Zeissig S, Cunningham-Rundles C, Giulino-Roth L, Elemento O, Dückers G, Niehues T, Fronkova E, Kanderová V, Platt CD, Chou J, Chatila TA, Geha R, McDermott E, Bunn S, Kurzai M, Schulz A, Alsina L, Casals F, Deyà-Martinez A, Hambleton S, Kanegane H, Taskén K, Neth O, Grimbacher B. Phenotype, penetrance, and treatment of 133 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4-insufficient subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:1932-1946. [PMID: 29729943 PMCID: PMC6215742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is a negative immune regulator. Heterozygous CTLA4 germline mutations can cause a complex immune dysregulation syndrome in human subjects. OBJECTIVE We sought to characterize the penetrance, clinical features, and best treatment options in 133 CTLA4 mutation carriers. METHODS Genetics, clinical features, laboratory values, and outcomes of treatment options were assessed in a worldwide cohort of CTLA4 mutation carriers. RESULTS We identified 133 subjects from 54 unrelated families carrying 45 different heterozygous CTLA4 mutations, including 28 previously undescribed mutations. Ninety mutation carriers were considered affected, suggesting a clinical penetrance of at least 67%; median age of onset was 11 years, and the mortality rate within affected mutation carriers was 16% (n = 15). Main clinical manifestations included hypogammaglobulinemia (84%), lymphoproliferation (73%), autoimmune cytopenia (62%), and respiratory (68%), gastrointestinal (59%), or neurological features (29%). Eight affected mutation carriers had lymphoma, and 3 had gastric cancer. An EBV association was found in 6 patients with malignancies. CTLA4 mutations were associated with lymphopenia and decreased T-, B-, and natural killer (NK) cell counts. Successful targeted therapies included application of CTLA-4 fusion proteins, mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. EBV reactivation occurred in 2 affected mutation carriers after immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS Affected mutation carriers with CTLA-4 insufficiency can present in any medical specialty. Family members should be counseled because disease manifestation can occur as late as 50 years of age. EBV- and cytomegalovirus-associated complications must be closely monitored. Treatment interventions should be coordinated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Schwab
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annemarie Gabrysch
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Olbrich
- Sección de Infectología e Inmunopatología, Unidad de Pediatría, Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville, Spain
| | | | - Klaus Warnatz
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Wolff
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Akihiro Hoshino
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Imai
- Department of Community Pediatrics, Perinatal and Maternal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takagi
- Department of Community Pediatrics, Perinatal and Maternal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ingunn Dybedal
- Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jamanda A Haddock
- Department of Radiology, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David M Sansom
- UCL Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jose M Lucena
- Unidad de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville, Spain
| | - Maximilian Seidl
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annette Schmitt-Graeff
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Reiser
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Emmerich
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Frede
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alla Bulashevska
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Salzer
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Desirée Schubert
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Seiichi Hayakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Maria Kanariou
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zeynep Yesim Kucuk
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Hugo Chapdelaine
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Division, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lenka Petruzelkova
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Sumnik
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Sediva
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mary Slatter
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D Arkwright
- University of Manchester, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Cant
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Hanns-Martin Lorenz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Giese
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Christina Price
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Michel Moutschen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and General Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Jiri Litzman
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Freiberger
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Brno, Czech Republic; Medical Genomics RG, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frank L van de Veerdonk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mike Recher
- Immunodeficiency Clinic, Medical Outpatient Unit and Immunodeficiency Lab, Department Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael H Albert
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Suranjith Seneviratne
- Institute of Immunology and Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Pachlopnik Schmid
- Division of Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antonios Kolios
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gary Unglik
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christian Klemann
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Center of Pediatric Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Pediatrics, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alan Leichtner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Richard Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Scott Snapper
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Mass
| | - Sebastian Zeissig
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai St Luke's and Mount Sinai West, Department of Medicine-Allergy & Immunology, New York, NY
| | - Lisa Giulino-Roth
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | | | - Tim Niehues
- HELIOS Children's Hospital, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Eva Fronkova
- CLIP, Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Kanderová
- CLIP, Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Craig D Platt
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Talal A Chatila
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Raif Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Elizabeth McDermott
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Su Bunn
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Kurzai
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Laia Alsina
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Functional Unit of Immunology SJD-Clinic, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ferran Casals
- Servei de Genòmica, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Deyà-Martinez
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Functional Unit of Immunology SJD-Clinic, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Hirokazu Kanegane
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olaf Neth
- Sección de Infectología e Inmunopatología, Unidad de Pediatría, Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville, Spain
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Immunology and Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Sismanoglou N, Deepak S, Warrier K, McDermott E, Satyapal R, Cliffe L. P47 Profile of patients attending the combined paediatric rheumatology/immunology clinic. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key273.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nafsika Sismanoglou
- Paediatrics, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Samundeeswari Deepak
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Kishore Warrier
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Elizabeth McDermott
- Clinical Immunology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Rangaraj Satyapal
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Lucy Cliffe
- Paediatrics, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM
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24
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Whitworth J, Smith PS, Martin JE, West H, Luchetti A, Rodger F, Clark G, Carss K, Stephens J, Stirrups K, Penkett C, Mapeta R, Ashford S, Megy K, Shakeel H, Ahmed M, Adlard J, Barwell J, Brewer C, Casey RT, Armstrong R, Cole T, Evans DG, Fostira F, Greenhalgh L, Hanson H, Henderson A, Hoffman J, Izatt L, Kumar A, Kwong A, Lalloo F, Ong KR, Paterson J, Park SM, Chen-Shtoyerman R, Searle C, Side L, Skytte AB, Snape K, Woodward ER, Tischkowitz MD, Maher ER, Aitman T, Alachkar H, Ali S, Allen L, Allsup D, Ambegaonkar G, Anderson J, Antrobus R, Armstrong R, Arno G, Arumugakani G, Ashford S, Astle W, Attwood A, Austin S, Bacchelli C, Bakchoul T, Bariana TK, Baxendale H, Bennett D, Bethune C, Bibi S, Bitner-Glindzicz M, Bleda M, Boggard H, Bolton-Maggs P, Booth C, Bradley JR, Brady A, Brown M, Browning M, Bryson C, Burns S, Calleja P, Canham N, Carmichael J, Carss K, Caulfield M, Chalmers E, Chandra A, Chinnery P, Chitre M, Church C, Clement E, Clements-Brod N, Clowes V, Coghlan G, Collins P, Cookson V, Cooper N, Corris P, Creaser-Myers A, DaCosta R, Daugherty L, Davies S, Davis J, De Vries M, Deegan P, Deevi SV, Deshpande C, Devlin L, Dewhurst E, Dixon P, Doffinger R, Dormand N, Drewe E, Edgar D, Egner W, Erber WN, Erwood M, Erwood M, Everington T, Favier R, Firth H, Fletcher D, Flinter F, Frary A, Freson K, Furie B, Furnell A, Gale D, Gardham A, Gattens M, Ghali N, Ghataorhe PK, Ghurye R, Gibbs S, Gilmour K, Gissen P, Goddard S, Gomez K, Gordins P, Graf S, Gräf S, Greene D, Greenhalgh A, Greinacher A, Grigoriadou S, Grozeva D, Hackett S, Hadinnapola C, Hague R, Haimel M, Halmagyi C, Hammerton T, Hart D, Hayman G, Heemskerk JW, Henderson R, Hensiek A, Henskens Y, Herwadkar A, Holden S, Holder M, Holder S, Hu F, Huis in’t Veld A, Huissoon A, Humbert M, Hurst J, James R, Jolles S, Josifova D, Kazmi R, Keeling D, Kelleher P, Kelly AM, Kennedy F, Kiely D, Kingston N, Koziell A, Krishnakumar D, Kuijpers TW, Kuijpers T, Kumararatne D, Kurian M, Laffan MA, Lambert MP, Allen HL, Lango-Allen H, Lawrie A, Lear S, Lees M, Lentaigne C, Liesner R, Linger R, Longhurst H, Lorenzo L, Louka E, Machado R, Ross RM, MacLaren R, Maher E, Maimaris J, Mangles S, Manson A, Mapeta R, Markus HS, Martin J, Masati L, Mathias M, Matser V, Maw A, McDermott E, McJannet C, Meacham S, Meehan S, Megy K, Mehta S, Michaelides M, Millar CM, Moledina S, Moore A, Morrell N, Mumford A, Murng S, Murphy E, Nejentsev S, Noorani S, Nurden P, Oksenhendler E, Othman S, Ouwehand WH, Ouwehand WH, Papadia S, Park SM, Parker A, Pasi J, Patch C, Paterson J, Payne J, Peacock A, Peerlinck K, Penkett CJ, Pepke-Zaba J, Perry D, Perry DJ, Pollock V, Polwarth G, Ponsford M, Qasim W, Quinti I, Rankin S, Rankin J, Raymond FL, Rayner-Matthews P, Rehnstrom K, Reid E, Rhodes CJ, Richards M, Richardson S, Richter A, Roberts I, Rondina M, Rosser E, Roughley C, Roy N, Rue-Albrecht K, Samarghitean C, Sanchis-Juan A, Sandford R, Santra S, Sargur R, Savic S, Schotte G, Schulman S, Schulze H, Scott R, Scully M, Seneviratne S, Sewell C, Shamardina O, Shipley D, Simeoni I, Sivapalaratnam S, Smith KG, Sohal A, Southgate L, Staines S, Staples E, Stark H, Stauss H, Stein P, Stephens J, Stirrups K, Stock S, Suntharalingam J, Talks K, Tan Y, Thachil J, Thaventhiran J, Thomas E, Thomas M, Thompson D, Thrasher A, Tischkowitz M, Titterton C, Toh CH, Toshner M, Treacy C, Trembath R, Tuna S, Turek W, Turro E, Van Geet C, Veltman M, Vogt J, von Ziegenweldt J, Vonk Noordegraaf A, Wakeling E, Wanjiku I, Warner TQ, Wassmer E, Watkins H, Watt C, Webster N, Welch S, Westbury S, Wharton J, Whitehorn D, Wilkins M, Willcocks L, Williamson C, Woods G, Woods G, Wort J, Yeatman N, Yong P, Young T, Yu P. Comprehensive Cancer-Predisposition Gene Testing in an Adult Multiple Primary Tumor Series Shows a Broad Range of Deleterious Variants and Atypical Tumor Phenotypes. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:3-18. [PMID: 29909963 PMCID: PMC6037202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple primary tumors (MPTs) affect a substantial proportion of cancer survivors and can result from various causes, including inherited predisposition. Currently, germline genetic testing of MPT-affected individuals for variants in cancer-predisposition genes (CPGs) is mostly targeted by tumor type. We ascertained pre-assessed MPT individuals (with at least two primary tumors by age 60 years or at least three by 70 years) from genetics centers and performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on 460 individuals from 440 families. Despite previous negative genetic assessment and molecular investigations, pathogenic variants in moderate- and high-risk CPGs were detected in 67/440 (15.2%) probands. WGS detected variants that would not be (or were not) detected by targeted resequencing strategies, including low-frequency structural variants (6/440 [1.4%] probands). In most individuals with a germline variant assessed as pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP), at least one of their tumor types was characteristic of variants in the relevant CPG. However, in 29 probands (42.2% of those with a P/LP variant), the tumor phenotype appeared discordant. The frequency of individuals with truncating or splice-site CPG variants and at least one discordant tumor type was significantly higher than in a control population (χ2 = 43.642; p ≤ 0.0001). 2/67 (3%) probands with P/LP variants had evidence of multiple inherited neoplasia allele syndrome (MINAS) with deleterious variants in two CPGs. Together with variant detection rates from a previous series of similarly ascertained MPT-affected individuals, the present results suggest that first-line comprehensive CPG analysis in an MPT cohort referred to clinical genetics services would detect a deleterious variant in about a third of individuals.
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Abstract
CA 15–3 (also known as MUC1) is the most widely used serum marker in breast cancer. MUC1 is a large transmembrane glycoprotein which is frequently overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in cancer. Physiologically, MUC1 appears to play a role in cell adhesion and the high levels present in cancer may be causally involved in metastasis. At present the main uses of CA 15–3 are in preclinically detecting recurrent breast cancer and monitoring the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer. In a prospective study of 368 patients we show that patients with high preoperative levels of CA 15–3 (>30.4 U/mL) had a worse outcome than patients with low levels of the marker. In multivariate analysis CA 15–3 as a prognostic marker was independent of both tumor size and nodal status. Furthermore, in multivariate analysis the prognostic impact of CA 15–3 was stronger than that of tumor size and at least as strong as nodal status. CA 15–3 may thus be the first independent prognostic serum marker in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Duffy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Cullen R, Maguire T, Diggin P, Hill A, McDermott E, O'Higgins N, Duffy M. Detection of Estrogen Receptor-Beta mRNA in Breast Cancer Using RT-PCR. Int J Biol Markers 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080001500122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The estrogen receptor (ER) is the most useful marker currently available for breast cancer, being used both to predict response to therapy and assess prognosis. Recently, a new form of the ER, known as ER-beta, was identified. In this preliminary study we show that ER-beta mRNA was expressed less frequently in breast cancers than ER-alpha. ER-alpha but not ER-beta levels correlated with ER protein as determined by ELISA. We conclude that ER-beta is expressed in approximately 50% of breast cancers but it does not appear to be detected by a widely available ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Cullen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin
| | - T. Maguire
- Department of Surgery, University College Dublin, Dublin - Ireland
| | - P. Diggin
- Department of Surgery, University College Dublin, Dublin - Ireland
| | - A. Hill
- Department of Surgery, University College Dublin, Dublin - Ireland
| | - E. McDermott
- Department of Surgery, University College Dublin, Dublin - Ireland
| | - N. O'Higgins
- Department of Surgery, University College Dublin, Dublin - Ireland
| | - M.J. Duffy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin
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Stubbs A, Bangs C, Shillitoe B, Edgar JD, Burns SO, Thomas M, Alachkar H, Buckland M, McDermott E, Arumugakani G, Jolles MS, Herriot R, Arkwright PD. Bronchiectasis and deteriorating lung function in agammaglobulinaemia despite immunoglobulin replacement therapy. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 191:212-219. [PMID: 28990652 PMCID: PMC5758375 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin replacement therapy enhances survival and reduces infection risk in patients with agammaglobulinaemia. We hypothesized that despite regular immunoglobulin therapy, some patients will experience ongoing respiratory infections and develop progressive bronchiectasis with deteriorating lung function. One hundred and thirty-nine (70%) of 199 patients aged 1-80 years from nine cities in the United Kingdom with agammaglobulinaemia currently listed on the UK Primary Immune Deficiency (UKPID) registry were recruited into this retrospective case study and their clinical and laboratory features analysed; 94% were male, 78% of whom had Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene mutations. All patients were on immunoglobulin replacement therapy and 52% had commenced therapy by the time they were 2 years old. Sixty per cent were also taking prophylactic oral antibiotics; 56% of patients had radiological evidence of bronchiectasis, which developed between the ages of 7 and 45 years. Multivariate analysis showed that three factors were associated significantly with bronchiectasis: reaching 18 years old [relative risk (RR) = 14·2, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2·7-74·6], history of pneumonia (RR = 3·9, 95% CI = 1·1-13·8) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) rather than subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) = (RR = 3·5, 95% CI = 1·2-10·1), while starting immunoglobulin replacement after reaching 2 years of age, gender and recent serum IgG concentration were not associated significantly. Independent of age, patients with bronchiectasis had significantly poorer lung function [predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s 74% (50-91)] than those without this complication [92% (84-101)] (P < 0·001). We conclude that despite immunoglobulin replacement therapy, many patients with agammaglobulinaemia can develop chronic lung disease and progressive impairment of lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Stubbs
- Paediatric Allergy and ImmunologyUniversity of ManchesterManchesterManchesterUK
| | - C. Bangs
- Paediatric Allergy and ImmunologyUniversity of ManchesterManchesterManchesterUK
- UKPIN UKPID Registry TeamUKPINLondonUK
| | - B. Shillitoe
- Department of ImmunologyGreat Northern Children's HospitalNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - J. D. Edgar
- UKPIN UKPID Registry TeamUKPINLondonUK
- Regional Immunology ServiceThe Royal HospitalsBelfastUK
| | - S. O. Burns
- Department of ImmunologyRoyal Free Hospital, Institute of Immunology and Transplantation, University CollegeLondonUK
| | - M. Thomas
- ImmunologyNHS Greater Glasgow & ClydeGlasgowUK
| | - H. Alachkar
- ImmunologySalford Royal Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| | - M. Buckland
- UKPIN UKPID Registry TeamUKPINLondonUK
- ImmunologySt Bartholomew's HospitalLondonUK
| | | | | | - M. S. Jolles
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity Hospital of WalesCardiffUK
| | - R. Herriot
- ImmunologyAberdeen Royal InfirmaryAberdeenUK
| | - P. D. Arkwright
- Paediatric Allergy and ImmunologyUniversity of ManchesterManchesterManchesterUK
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Hughes E, Rawlings V, McDermott E. Mental Health Staff Perceptions and Practice Regarding Self-Harm, Suicidality and Help-Seeking in LGBTQ Youth: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Survey in the UK. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2018; 39:30-36. [PMID: 29369735 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2017.1398284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Young people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer (LGBTQ) experience higher levels of suicidality compared to heterosexual or cisgender peers, and face significant barriers accessing mental health services including prejudice from staff. In a cross-sectional survey, mental health staff who reported receiving LGBT awareness training were significantly more likely to report in relation to working with LGBT youth that they routinely discussed issues of sexuality and gender (χ2=8.782, df=2, p < 0.05); to feel that their organisation supported them to work with this group (χ2=14.401, df=2, p < 0.001); and report that they had access to adequate skills training that supported their work with suicidality and self-harm with this group (χ2=21.911, df=2, p <0.001). There is a need to enhance the mental health workforce in LGBTQ awareness, and these findings indicate that awareness training could impact positively on practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hughes
- a Centre for Applied Research in Health School of Human and Health Sciences , University of Huddersfield , Huddersfield , UK
| | - Victoria Rawlings
- b School of Education and Social Work , University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia
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Kelly B, Heneghan H, Carroll P, McDermott E. A complicated case of splenic injury after colonoscopy - a video vignette. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:920-1. [PMID: 27454078 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Kelly
- Department of Breast Endocrine and General Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - H Heneghan
- Department of Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Carroll
- Department of Breast Endocrine and General Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E McDermott
- Department of Breast Endocrine and General Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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McDermott E. Surviving in Dangerous Places: Lesbian Identity Performances in the Workplace, Social Class and Psychological Health. Feminism & Psychology 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0959-353506062977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This article examines the ways in which the psychological health of women may be influenced by workplace sexual identity performances and social class positioning. It draws on UK research through in-depth interviews with 24 women who self-defined as mainly lesbian and/or gay. The article demonstrates that, for the women in the study, sexual identity performances at work involved negotiating employment settings that render heterosexuality compulsory and thus lesbian/gay performances a risk. As a result, the women engaged in risk-assessment strategies that were psychologically demanding. The women's narratives also suggest that the psychological effects of managing an ‘othered’ sexual identity in work was mediated by social class. The working-class women were more likely to be employed in settings where heterosexuality was heavily regulated and their ‘practices of survival’ were potentially more detrimental to their psychological health.
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Elkaim E, Neven B, Bruneau J, Mitsui-Sekinaka K, Stanislas A, Heurtier L, Lucas CL, Matthews H, Deau MC, Sharapova S, Curtis J, Reichenbach J, Glastre C, Parry DA, Arumugakani G, McDermott E, Kilic SS, Yamashita M, Moshous D, Lamrini H, Otremba B, Gennery A, Coulter T, Quinti I, Stephan JL, Lougaris V, Brodszki N, Barlogis V, Asano T, Galicier L, Boutboul D, Nonoyama S, Cant A, Imai K, Picard C, Nejentsev S, Molina TJ, Lenardo M, Savic S, Cavazzana M, Fischer A, Durandy A, Kracker S. Clinical and immunologic phenotype associated with activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome 2: A cohort study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:210-218.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wang Z, Loon A, Subramanian A, Gerhold S, McDermott E, Enterkin JA, Hieckel M, Russell BC, Green RJ, Moewes A, Guo J, Blaha P, Castell MR, Diebold U, Marks LD. Transition from Reconstruction toward Thin Film on the (110) Surface of Strontium Titanate. Nano Lett 2016; 16:2407-12. [PMID: 26954064 PMCID: PMC4834633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The surfaces of metal oxides often are reconstructed with a geometry and composition that is considerably different from a simple termination of the bulk. Such structures can also be viewed as ultrathin films, epitaxed on a substrate. Here, the reconstructions of the SrTiO3 (110) surface are studied combining scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), transmission electron diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and analyzed with density functional theory calculations. Whereas SrTiO3 (110) invariably terminates with an overlayer of titania, with increasing density its structure switches from n × 1 to 2 × n. At the same time the coordination of the Ti atoms changes from a network of corner-sharing tetrahedra to a double layer of edge-shared octahedra with bridging units of octahedrally coordinated strontium. This transition from the n × 1 to 2 × n reconstructions is a transition from a pseudomorphically stabilized tetrahedral network toward an octahedral titania thin film with stress-relief from octahedral strontia units at the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Wang
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- E-mail:
| | - A. Loon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - A. Subramanian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - S. Gerhold
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - E. McDermott
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - J. A. Enterkin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - M. Hieckel
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - B. C. Russell
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United
Kingdom
| | - R. J. Green
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - A. Moewes
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - J. Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed
Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic
of China
| | - P. Blaha
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - M. R. Castell
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United
Kingdom
| | - U. Diebold
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - L. D. Marks
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Gullo G, Quinn C, Zacchia A, Fennelly D, Defrein A, Ballot J, Zanoni D, Walshe J, Maltese M, McDermott E, Crown J. Abstract P4-14-15: Pre-treatment stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (S-TILs) are correlated with complete response (CR) to chemotherapy (Chemo) plus trastuzumab (T) in HER2-positive (H+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p4-14-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. We have previously reported that ChemoT produces durable (>5 years) CR in a minority of pts with H+MBC, prompting a search for predictive markers. Extensive lymphocytic infiltration of cancers is correlated with high levels of immune gene signatures. International consensus guidelines on TILs define "lymphocyte-predominant BC" at a threshold of S-TILs of 50-60% versus tumour cells. High levels of S-TILs has been correlated with improved outcome in HER2+ early stage BC pts treated with ChemoT. We investigated the degree of S-TIL infiltration in metastatic biopsies from pts with HER2+MBC prior to ChemoT, and attempted to determine whether S-TILs predicted CR in HER2+MBC.
Methods. We searched a database of all pts with HER2+ MBC treated at our institution with anti-HER2 therapy over 15yrs to identify pts who achieved CR according to RECIST 1.0 criteria, which lasted for at least 6 months. We matched them with an equal number of pts from the database who were treated during the same period, but who had progressive (POD) or stable disease (SD) as best response to T. Pts must have at least one pre-treatment tumour sample available for S-TILs assessment, and adequate clinical and follow-up information. S-TILs (mononuclear cells including lymphocytes and plasma cells) contained within the boundaries of invasive tumour were identified on a representative haematoxylin and eosin stained slide and scored as a percentage of the stromal area alone, according to the International TILs Working Group 2014 methodology [Salgado R, 2015]. S-TILs were assessed specifically for this study by a senior pathologist who scored the samples and who was blinded to pts response and clinical details.
Results. Out of 246 MBC pts registered in the HER2+ database we identified 31 CR pts with at least one available pre-treatment metastatic sample. A cohort of 31 matching POD-SD pts was randomly obtained from the same database. In 8 cases (7 CR / 1 POD-SD) S-TILs could not be assessed due to inadequate material, or for other technical reasons. The final study sample is 54 pts (24 CR / 30 POD-SD). Pts characteristics are as follows: median age (range): CR 55 (29-78) / POD-SD 56 (26-89), hormone receptor (HR) pos: CR 12 (50%) / POD-SD 18 (60%), De Novo MBC at diagnosis: CR 13 (54%) / POD-SD 8 (27%) [p<0.05]. All pts received chemotherapy with T (+ lapatinib in 3 pts as part of a clinical trial), and continued on T until POD. Pre-treatment S-TILs >50% were statistically significantly more frequent in CR (50% of pts) than POD/SD (20%) [chi-square p=0.02]. No statistically significant difference in the HR status was observed between the two groups (CR vs POD-SD) or between the high and low S-TILs pts.
Conclusions. S-TILs >50% in the pre-treatment tumour biopsy of HER2+MBC were significantly correlated with subsequent CR to ChemoT, supporting the hypothesis that the immunological effects of T may play a role in determining response. Speculatively, S-TILs might identify pts with a higher likelihood of benefit from T. Further study of the potential role of S-TILs as predictors of T benefit are required.
Citation Format: Gullo G, Quinn C, Zacchia A, Fennelly D, Defrein A, Ballot J, Zanoni D, Walshe J, Maltese M, McDermott E, Crown J. Pre-treatment stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (S-TILs) are correlated with complete response (CR) to chemotherapy (Chemo) plus trastuzumab (T) in HER2-positive (H+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-14-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gullo
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Quinn
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Zacchia
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Fennelly
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Defrein
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Ballot
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Zanoni
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Walshe
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Maltese
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E McDermott
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Crown
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Greally M, Kielty J, Das G, Malouf C, O'Riordan L, Coleman N, Quinn C, McDermott E, Gullo G, Kelly C, Crown J, Prichard R, Walshe J. Abstract P1-07-09: Retrospective cohort study of patients (pts) diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) <40 yrs: 2000 to 2015⟨. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p1-07-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Young women (<40 yrs) with breast cancer (YWBC) account for 7-12% of BC diagnoses. BC is the leading cause of cancer death in this group (G). Age-specific data on outcome and appropriate treatment (Rx) are lacking. YWBC appear to have more biologically aggressive subtypes and a higher risk of relapse and death. We studied the clinico-pathological (ClinPath) characteristics in YWBC, examining how outcomes/Rx have evolved.
Methods
YWBC were identified from pathology databases at 2 tertiary centers. Pts were divided into 2 cohorts: BC diagnoses from 2000-2007 (G1) and 2008-2015 (G2). ClinPath and Rx data were retrieved from clinical, radiology and histology databases. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.
Results
We identified 347 pts. Tumor features are shown in Table I. Median age is 36 (23-39). By histology, 90.8% (n=315) had invasive ductal carcinoma, 53.1% (n=181) had Grade III BC and 56.3% (n=171) had lymphovascular invasion. Pregnancy-associated BC occurred in 10.7% (n=34). Mastectomy (MX) was performed in 53% (n=176) and axillary lymph node clearance (ALNC) in 63.8% (n=192 [G1: 84.3% vs. G2: 48.6%, p<0.001]).
Table 1Tumor features Group 1 (n=149)Group 2 (n=198)Total (n=347)p-valueMedian tumor size (mm) 252222.5p=0.115Node positivity 88 (60.3%)100(51.5%)188 (55.3%)p=0.109Median node count 4 (1-44)1 (1-30)2 (1-44)p<0.001StageI 99(29%) II 148 (43.3%) III 70 (20.5%) IV 23(7.3%) Biomarker status*ER+/HER2-76 (53.1%)120 (60.6%)196 (56%)p=0.086 HER2+41 (28.7%)45 (22.8%)86 (27%)p=0.031 Triple negative (TN)26 (18.2%)33 (16.8%)59 (17%)p=0.291* Missing data n=6
Rx characteristics are shown in Table 2. 85 pts received neo-adjuvant therapy (NAT); 48.3% (n=41) ER+/HER2-, 27% (n=23) HER2+ and 24.7% (n=21) TNBC. Pts receiving NAT in G2 trended towards improved pCR rate (G2: 24.6% vs G1: 8.3%, p=0.057). Endocrine Rx alone was received by 9.8% (n=22); 13.6% (n=18) in G2 vs 4.3% (n=4) in G1. OncotypeDx(ODx) was used in 23 pts (14.9%) (median score 17), 1 had a DR (ODx Score = 18).
Table 2Tx characteristics n=347 Chemotherapy Total300(86.4%) NAT85 (28.3%)Pathological Complete Response (pCR)* pCR (n=16, 19.8%)No pCR (n=65, 80.2%) ER+/HER2-18.8%(n=3)53.9% (n=35) HER2+/ER+18.8%(n=3)13.8% (n=9) HER2+/ER-31.2% (n=5)9.2% (n=6) TNBC31.2%(n=5)23.1%(n=15)Local relapse 1 (6.2%)1(1.5%)Distant relapse (DR) 022(33.8%)*Data incomplete n=4
DR occurred in 50 pts (16%), including 13 (20.3%) HER2+ pts. Of note, 92.3% (n=12) of these were in G1. Relapse rates (RR) in TN and ER+/HER- pts were 19.6% (n=11) and 13.7% (n=26) respectively. There was a higher RR in G1 (34.8% vs 11.4%, p<0.001). Overall survival in pts with stage IV dx was 32 mos in G1 and 48 mos in G2.
Conclusion
In line with existing data, locally advanced dx is more prevalent in YWBC. MX and ALNC rates were high and most received multimodal Rx. The extent of axillary surgery declined. Pts in G2 had lower volume BC at diagnosis suggesting increasing awareness. TN and HER2+ subtypes accounted for a slightly higher proportion of BC cases. Pts with PCR had better outcomes. Only 16% relapsed with metastatic dx. The impact of HER2 Rx is highlighted by reduced RR in HER2+ G2 pts. Outcomes were unchanged in pts with ER+/HER2- and TNBC. These remain a priority for future research.
Citation Format: Greally M, Kielty J, Das G, Malouf C, O'Riordan L, Coleman N, Quinn C, McDermott E, Gullo G, Kelly C, Crown J, Prichard R, Walshe J. Retrospective cohort study of patients (pts) diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) <40 yrs: 2000 to 2015⟨. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-09.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Greally
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Kielty
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Das
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Malouf
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L O'Riordan
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N Coleman
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Quinn
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E McDermott
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Gullo
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Kelly
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Crown
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Prichard
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Walshe
- St. Vincent's University & Private Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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D'cruz RT, McDermott E. Is faster better? Operative duration in emergent appendicectomy. BMC Proc 2015. [PMCID: PMC4625096 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-9-s7-a29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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D'cruz R, McDermott E. Is faster better? Operative duration in emergent appendicectomy. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mendez-Luck CA, Bethel JW, Goins RT, Schure MB, McDermott E. Community as a source of health in three racial/ethnic communities in Oregon: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:127. [PMID: 25884852 PMCID: PMC4340096 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1462-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A 2011 report by the Oregon Health Authority and the Department of Human Services documented disparities in its Latino and American Indian populations on multiple individual-level health indicators. However, research is lacking on the social contexts in which Latinos and American Indians in Oregon live and how these environments influence the health of communities as a whole. To help fill this gap, this study sought to contextualize the social environments that influence the health of Latinos and American Indian residents in three Oregon communities. METHODS Guided by an ecological framework, we conducted one-time semi-structured qualitative interviews with 26 study participants to identify the prominent health-related issues in the communities and to examine the factors that study participants perceived as enabling or inhibiting healthy lifestyles of community residents. We used a grounded theory approach to perform content and thematic analyses of the data. RESULTS Study participants identified preventable chronic conditions, such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, as the most pressing health concerns in their communities. Results showed that traditional and cultural activities and strong family and community cohesion were viewed as facilitators of good community health. Poverty, safety concerns, insufficient community resources, and discrimination were perceived as barriers to community health. Three themes emerged from the thematic analyses: social connectedness is integral to health; trauma has an ongoing negative impact on health; and invisibility of residents in the community underlies poor health. CONCLUSIONS This study's findings provide insight to the social contexts which operate in the lives of some Latinos and American Indians in Oregon. While participants identified community-level factors as important to health, they focused more on the social connections of individuals to each other and the relationships that residents have with their communities at-large. Our findings may also help to explain how the intra- and inter-personal levels, the community/institutional level, and the macro level/public policy contexts can serve to influence health in these communities. For example, trauma and invisibility are not routinely examined in community health assessment and improvement planning activities; nonetheless, these factors appear to be at play affecting the health of residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A Mendez-Luck
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| | - Jeffrey W Bethel
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| | - R Turner Goins
- Department of Social Work, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC, 28723, USA.
| | - Marc B Schure
- Veterans Affairs-Health Services Research & Development, Seattle-Denver Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA.
| | - Elizabeth McDermott
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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Bliem R, McDermott E, Ferstl P, Setvin M, Gamba O, Pavelec J, Schneider MA, Schmid M, Diebold U, Blaha P, Hammer L, Parkinson GS. Subsurface cation vacancy stabilization of the magnetite (001) surface. Science 2014; 346:1215-8. [PMID: 25477458 DOI: 10.1126/science.1260556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxides play an increasingly prominent role in heterogeneous catalysis, hydrogen production, spintronics, and drug delivery. The surface or material interface can be performance-limiting in these applications, so it is vital to determine accurate atomic-scale structures for iron oxides and understand why they form. Using a combination of quantitative low-energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and density functional theory calculations, we show that an ordered array of subsurface iron vacancies and interstitials underlies the well-known (√2 × √2)R45° reconstruction of Fe3O4(001). This hitherto unobserved stabilization mechanism occurs because the iron oxides prefer to redistribute cations in the lattice in response to oxidizing or reducing environments. Many other metal oxides also achieve stoichiometry variation in this way, so such surface structures are likely commonplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bliem
- Institute of Applied Physics, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - E McDermott
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - P Ferstl
- Chair of Solid State Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Setvin
- Institute of Applied Physics, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - O Gamba
- Institute of Applied Physics, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - J Pavelec
- Institute of Applied Physics, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - M A Schneider
- Chair of Solid State Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - U Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - P Blaha
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - L Hammer
- Chair of Solid State Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - G S Parkinson
- Institute of Applied Physics, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria.
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Abstract
International evidence suggests that young people are less likely to seek help for mental health problems in comparison with adults. This study focused on lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans young people who are a population group with an elevated risk of suicide and self-harm, and little is known about their help-seeking behaviour. Utilising qualitative virtual methods, lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans youth web-based discussions about seeking help for suicidal feelings and self-harming were investigated. Findings from a thematic analysis indicate that these young people wanted assistance but found it difficult to (1) ask for help, (2) articulate emotional distress and (3) ‘tell’ their selves as ‘failed’. This analysis suggests that key to understanding these problems are emotions such as shame which arise from negotiating norms connected to heterosexuality, adolescence and rationality. I argue that these norms act to regulate what emotions it is possible to feel, what emotions it is possible to articulate and what type of young lives that can be told. The future development of health and social care interventions which aim to reduce lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans youth suicide and self-harm need to work with a nuanced understanding of the emotional life of young people if they are to be effective.
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Gullo G, De Giorgi A, O'Donovan N, Fennelly D, Walshe J, Ballot J, McDermott E, Evoy D, Jordan E, Crown J. Long-Term Outcome of Patients (Pts) with Her2-Positive (Her2+) Metastatic Breast Cancer (Mbc) Who Achieved a Complete Response (Cr) After Antiher2 Therapy (Her2Tx). Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu329.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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O'Reilly EA, Aucharaz N, Kelly G, Al Azawi D, Prichard RS, Evoy D, Rothwell J, Geraghty J, O'Doherty A, Skehan S, Quinn C, McDermott E. Abstract P1-01-01: The value of isosulphan blue dye in addition to isotope scanning in the identification of the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer patients with a positive lymphoscintigraphy: A randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN 98849733). Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-01-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The advent of multimodal and targeted breast cancer treatment has seen a radical shift from aggressive surgical intervention to a more minimalist approach, both within the breast and axilla. Primary among these changes is the utilisation of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) to detect disease within the axilla and a move away from an obligatory axillary clearance when the sentinel node is positive. This depends on the accurate identification of the SLN and initial studies describe a higher identification rate and a lower false negative rate with a dual tracer identification technique. This encompasses a combination of a blue / green dye and radio-labelled isotope. The use of blue dye has been, of itself, associated with significant morbidity and therefore many clinicians may opt for single tracer identification.
Aims
The aim of the current study was to determine whether the addition of blue dye to radio-isotope increased the positive SLN detection rate, where the SLN was identified pre-operatively on a lymphoscintigram.
Methods
A prospective randomised controlled trial comparing the combined techniques of isosulphan blue dye and isotope scanning versus isotope scanning alone was performed at a single tertiary referral centre. Ethical approval was obtained prior to commencing the study from the hospital ethics committee. Enrolment commenced in March 2010 and ceased in September 2012. The study design was a randomised open label controlled parallel group trial. The primary outcome measure was the effect of the omission of the blue dye on the identification of SLN if the lymphoscintigram was positive (1 -3 nodes identified).
Results
A total of 673 patients were included in the final analysis with 344 patients receiving the combination (blue dye and radio-isotope) and 329 patients who received radio-isotope scanning alone. The groups were evenly matched both demographically and pathologically. The mean age was 48 years (48.3 versus 47.7 years; P = 0.47), the mean tumour size was 23.1mm (23.2mm versus 23.0mm; p = 0.89) and there was no statistically significant difference in the grade of the tumours between the two groups (p = 0.58). Overall, there was no difference in the number of nodes retrieved between the two groups (563 versus 523; p = 0.30). Similarly, there was no difference in the number of positive lymph nodes that were identified between the two groups (107 versus 98; 23.8% versus 22%; p = 0.65).
Conclusions
The addition of isosulphan blue dye does not aid in the identification of the SLN in patients who have a positive lymphoscintigram when radioisotope colloid is used.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-01-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- EA O'Reilly
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - N Aucharaz
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - G Kelly
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - D Al Azawi
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - RS Prichard
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - D Evoy
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J Rothwell
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J Geraghty
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A O'Doherty
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - S Skehan
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - C Quinn
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - E McDermott
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
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McDermott E, Bingley AF, Thomas C, Payne S, Seymour J, Clark D. Viewing patient need through professional writings: a systematic 'ethnographic' review of palliative care professionals' experiences of caring for people with cancer at the end of life. Progress in Palliative Care 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/096992606x93362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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44
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Abstract
Research shows clear links between lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth and deliberate self-harm (DSH), but there is a lack of research investigating the social context of young LGBT people's lives and helping to explain the higher DSH risk. In this article, we report on a small-scale methodological study intended to test the feasibility of online qualitative interviews for investigating young people, sexual and gender identity, and emotional distress. There are many methodological dilemmas arising from researching such sensitive issues with marginalized groups. The study reported here was designed to examine (a) sampling diversity in terms of sexuality, gender identities, and class; and (b) the type of data produced. We found that a virtual methodology was effective in recruiting young LGBT participants who might otherwise not take part in research. Online interviewing successfully produced in-depth, "immediate" data that potentially gave access to insights that might not emerge through face-to face interviews.
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Lal A, Evoy D, Geraghty J, McDermott E. Role of mammography in the triple assessment of single-quadrant breast symptoms ( Br J Surg 2011; 98: 951–955). Br J Surg 2011; 98:1673; author reply 1673. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses should be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk). All letters will be reviewed and, if approved, appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lal
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - D Evoy
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J Geraghty
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - E McDermott
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
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McDermott E, Keegan D, Hall B, Mhuruchu EN, Murphy S, Doherty G, O'Donoghue D, Mulcahy H. Mycophenolate mofetil following intolerance or failure of thiopurine therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34:1040-2. [PMID: 21933214 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04825.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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47
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Scourfield J, Roen K, McDermott E. The non-display of authentic distress: public-private dualism in young people's discursive construction of self-harm. Sociol Health Illn 2011; 33:777-91. [PMID: 21777255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9566.2010.01322.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This article draws from focus groups and interviews investigating how young people talk about self-harm. Some of the research participants had personal experience of self-harm but this was not a prerequisite for their inclusion in the study. Thematic coding was used initially to organise and give an overview of the data, but the data were subsequently analysed using a discourse analytic approach. The article focuses on the young people's constructions of deliberate self-harm such as 'cutting'. Throughout the focus groups and interviews, a dichotomy was set up by the young people between authentic, private self-harm which is rooted in real distress (and warrants a sympathetic response) and public, self-indulgent attempts to seek attention. This dualistic construction is discussed in some detail and located in various socio-cultural contexts. It is argued that the dualism illustrates contemporary ambivalence about mental health and youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Scourfield
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Glamorgan Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3WT.
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Prichard RS, Cotter M, Evoy D, Gibbons D, Collins C, McDermott E, Skehan S. Focal thyroid incidentalomas identified with whole-body FDG-PET warrant further investigation. Ir Med J 2011; 104:177-179. [PMID: 22111394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) whole body positron emission computed tomography (PET-CT) detects clinically occult malignancy. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and significance of focal thyroid 18F - fluorodeoxyglucose uptake. A retrospective review of all patients who had FDG PET-CT examinations, in a single tertiary referral centre was performed. PET scan findings and the final pathological diagnosis were collated. 2105 scans were reviewed. Focal uptake was identified in 35 (1.66%) patients. Final surgical histology was available on eight patients, which confirmed papillary carcinoma in four (20%) patients and lymphoma and metastatic disease in two patients respectively. This gave an overall malignancy rate in focal thyroid uptake of at least 33%. Thyroid incidentalomas occurred with a frequency of 2.13%, with an associated malignancy rate of at least 33% in focal thyroid uptake. The high malignancy rate associated with focal thyroid uptake mandates further investigation in medically fit patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Prichard
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4
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49
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Cotter MB, Pierce A, McGowan PM, Madden SF, Flanagan L, Quinn C, Evoy D, Crown J, McDermott E, Duffy MJ. PARP1 in triple-negative breast cancer: Expression and therapeutic potential. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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50
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Mullooly M, McGowan PM, Sukor SU, Madden SF, McDermott E, Crown J, O'Donovan N, Duffy MJ. ADAMs as new therapeutic targets for triple-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.1062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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