1
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Erkert L, Gamez-Belmonte R, Kabisch M, Schödel L, Patankar JV, Gonzalez-Acera M, Mahapatro M, Bao LL, Plattner C, Kühl AA, Shen J, Serneels L, De Strooper B, Neurath MF, Wirtz S, Becker C. Alzheimer's disease-related presenilins are key to intestinal epithelial cell function and gut immune homoeostasis. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2023-331622. [PMID: 38684238 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations in presenilin genes are the major cause of Alzheimer's disease. However, little is known about their expression and function in the gut. In this study, we identify the presenilins Psen1 and Psen2 as key molecules that maintain intestinal homoeostasis. DESIGN Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and control samples were analysed for Psen1 expression. Newly generated intestinal epithelium-specific Psen1-deficient, Psen2-deficient and inducible Psen1/Psen2 double-deficient mice were used to dissect the functional role of presenilins in intestinal homoeostasis. RESULTS Psen1 expression was regulated in experimental gut inflammation and in patients with IBD. Induced deletion of Psen1 and Psen2 in mice caused rapid weight loss and spontaneous development of intestinal inflammation. Mice exhibited epithelial barrier disruption with bacterial translocation and deregulation of key pathways for nutrient uptake. Wasting disease was independent of gut inflammation and dysbiosis, as depletion of microbiota rescued Psen-deficient animals from spontaneous colitis development but not from weight loss. On a molecular level, intestinal epithelial cells lacking Psen showed impaired Notch signalling and dysregulated epithelial differentiation. CONCLUSION Overall, our study provides evidence that Psen1 and Psen2 are important guardians of intestinal homoeostasis and future targets for barrier-promoting therapeutic strategies in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Erkert
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Reyes Gamez-Belmonte
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Kabisch
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Lena Schödel
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Mousumi Mahapatro
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Li-Li Bao
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Christina Plattner
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anja A Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lutgarde Serneels
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute@UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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2
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Wiese JJ, Manna S, Kühl AA, Fascì A, Elezkurtaj S, Sonnenberg E, Bubeck M, Atreya R, Becker C, Weixler B, Siegmund B, Patankar JV, Prüß MS, Schumann M. Myenteric Plexus Immune Cell Infiltrations and Neurotransmitter Expression in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:121-133. [PMID: 37565754 PMCID: PMC10821712 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pain is a cardinal symptom in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. An important structure in the transduction of pain signalling is the myenteric plexus [MP]. Nevertheless, IBD-associated infiltration of the MP by immune cells lacks in-depth characterisation. Herein, we decipher intra- and periganglionic immune cell infiltrations in Crohn´s disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC] and provide a comparison with murine models of colitis. METHODS Full wall specimens of surgical colon resections served to examine immune cell populations by either conventional immuno-histochemistry or immunofluorescence followed by either bright field or confocal microscopy. Results were compared with equivalent examinations in various murine models of intestinal inflammation. RESULTS Whereas the MP morphology was not significantly altered in IBD, we identified intraganglionic IBD-specific B cell- and monocyte-dominant cell infiltrations in CD. In contrast, UC-MPs were infiltrated by CD8+ T cells and revealed a higher extent of ganglionic cell apoptosis. With regard to the murine models of intestinal inflammation, the chronic dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]-induced colitis model reflected CD [and to a lesser extent UC] best, as it also showed increased monocytic infiltration as well as a modest B cell and CD8+ T cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS In CD, MPs were infiltrated by B cells and monocytes. In UC, mostly CD8+ cytotoxic T cells were found. The chronic DSS-induced colitis in the mouse model reflected best the MP-immune cell infiltrations representative for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob J Wiese
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Subhakankha Manna
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja A Kühl
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, iPATH.Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alberto Fascì
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sefer Elezkurtaj
- Institute of Pathology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Sonnenberg
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marvin Bubeck
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Faculty of Medicine, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Faculty of Medicine, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Faculty of Medicine, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Weixler
- Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Faculty of Medicine, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Magdalena S Prüß
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin, – Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH, Charité Clinician Scientist Program, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schumann
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin, – Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH, Charité Clinician Scientist Program, 10178 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Bubeck M, Becker C, Patankar JV. Guardians of the gut: influence of the enteric nervous system on the intestinal epithelial barrier. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1228938. [PMID: 37692784 PMCID: PMC10485265 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1228938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal surface forms one of the largest areas of the body, which is in direct contact with the environment. Co-ordinated sensory functions of immune, epithelial, and neuronal cells ensure the timely detection of noxious queues and potential pathogens and elicit proportional responses to mitigate the threats and maintain homeostasis. Such tuning and maintenance of the epithelial barrier is constantly ongoing during homeostasis and its derangement can become a gateway for systemic consequences. Although efforts in understanding the gatekeeping functions of immune cells have led the way, increasing number of studies point to a crucial role of the enteric nervous system in fine-tuning and maintaining this delicate homeostasis. The identification of immune regulatory functions of enteric neuropeptides and glial-derived factors is still in its infancy, but has already yielded several intriguing insights into their important contribution to the tight control of the mucosal barrier. In this review, we will first introduce the reader to the current understanding of the architecture of the enteric nervous system and the epithelial barrier. Next, we discuss the key discoveries and cellular pathways and mediators that have emerged as links between the enteric nervous, immune, and epithelial systems and how their coordinated actions defend against intestinal infectious and inflammatory diseases. Through this review, the readers will gain a sound understanding of the current neuro-immune-epithelial mechanisms ensuring intestinal barrier integrity and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Bubeck
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jay V. Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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4
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Patankar JV, Bubeck M, Acera MG, Becker C. Breaking bad: necroptosis in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1203903. [PMID: 37409125 PMCID: PMC10318896 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A delicate balance between programmed cell death and proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) exists in the gut to maintain homeostasis. Homeostatic cell death programs such as anoikis and apoptosis ensure the replacement of dead epithelia without overt immune activation. In infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases of the gut, this balance is invariably disturbed by increased levels of pathologic cell death. Pathological forms of cell death such as necroptosis trigger immune activation barrier dysfunction, and perpetuation of inflammation. A leaky and inflamed gut can thus become a cause of persistent low-grade inflammation and cell death in other organs of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, such as the liver and the pancreas. In this review, we focus on the advances in the molecular and cellular understanding of programmed necrosis (necroptosis) in tissues of the GI tract. In this review, we will first introduce the reader to the basic molecular aspects of the necroptosis machinery and discuss the pathways leading to necroptosis in the GI system. We then highlight the clinical significance of the preclinical findings and finally evaluate the different therapeutic approaches that attempt to target necroptosis against various GI diseases. Finally, we review the recent advances in understanding the biological functions of the molecules involved in necroptosis and the potential side effects that may occur due to their systemic inhibition. This review is intended to introduce the reader to the core concepts of pathological necroptotic cell death, the signaling pathways involved, its immuno-pathological implications, and its relevance to GI diseases. Further advances in our ability to control the extent of pathological necroptosis will provide better therapeutic opportunities against currently intractable GI and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay V. Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marvin Bubeck
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Gonzalez Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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5
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Wittner L, Wagener L, Wiese JJ, Stolzer I, Krug SM, Naschberger E, Jackstadt R, Beyaert R, Atreya R, Kühl AA, Sturm G, Gonzalez-Acera M, Patankar JV, Becker C, Siegmund B, Trajanoski Z, Winner B, Neurath MF, Schumann M, Günther C. Proteolytic Activity of the Paracaspase MALT1 Is Involved in Epithelial Restitution and Mucosal Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087402. [PMID: 37108564 PMCID: PMC10138456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The paracaspase MALT1 is a crucial regulator of immune responses in various cellular contexts. Recently, there is increasing evidence suggesting that MALT1 might represent a novel key player in mucosal inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process and the targeted cell population remain unclear. In this study, we investigate the role of MALT1 proteolytic activity in the context of mucosal inflammation. We demonstrate a significant enrichment of MALT1 gene and protein expression in colonic epithelial cells of UC patients, as well as in the context of experimental colitis. Mechanistically we demonstrate that MALT1 protease function inhibits ferroptosis, a form of iron-dependent cell death, upstream of NF-κB signaling, which can promote inflammation and tissue damage in IBD. We further show that MALT1 activity contributes to STAT3 signaling, which is essential for the regeneration of the intestinal epithelium after injury. In summary, our data strongly suggests that the protease function of MALT1 plays a critical role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, as well as mucosal healing. Understanding the mechanisms by which MALT1 protease function regulates these processes may offer novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of IBD and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Wittner
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Wagener
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jakob J Wiese
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Iris Stolzer
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne M Krug
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Naschberger
- Division Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rene Jackstadt
- Cancer Progression and Metastasis Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja A Kühl
- IBDome Consortium, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- iPATH.Berlin-Core Unit, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gregor Sturm
- Biocenter, Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- IBDome Consortium, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Biocenter, Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beate Winner
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Center of Rare Diseases (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- IBDome Consortium, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schumann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- IBDome Consortium, 12203 Berlin, Germany
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6
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Leppkes M, Lindemann A, Gößwein S, Paulus S, Roth D, Hartung A, Liebing E, Zundler S, Gonzalez-Acera M, Patankar JV, Mascia F, Scheibe K, Hoffmann M, Uderhardt S, Schauer C, Foersch S, Neufert C, Vieth M, Schett G, Atreya R, Kühl AA, Bleich A, Becker C, Herrmann M, Neurath MF. Neutrophils prevent rectal bleeding in ulcerative colitis by peptidyl-arginine deiminase-4-dependent immunothrombosis. Gut 2022; 71:2414-2429. [PMID: 34862250 PMCID: PMC9667856 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bleeding ulcers and erosions are hallmarks of active ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the mechanisms controlling bleeding and mucosal haemostasis remain elusive. DESIGN We used high-resolution endoscopy and colon tissue samples of active UC (n = 36) as well as experimental models of physical and chemical mucosal damage in mice deficient for peptidyl-arginine deiminase-4 (PAD4), gnotobiotic mice and controls. We employed endoscopy, histochemistry, live-cell microscopy and flow cytometry to study eroded mucosal surfaces during mucosal haemostasis. RESULTS Erosions and ulcerations in UC were covered by fresh blood, haematin or fibrin visible by endoscopy. Fibrin layers rather than fresh blood or haematin on erosions were inversely correlated with rectal bleeding in UC. Fibrin layers contained ample amounts of neutrophils coaggregated with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) with detectable activity of PAD. Transcriptome analyses showed significantly elevated PAD4 expression in active UC. In experimentally inflicted wounds, we found that neutrophils underwent NET formation in a PAD4-dependent manner hours after formation of primary blood clots, and remodelled clots to immunothrombi containing citrullinated histones, even in the absence of microbiota. PAD4-deficient mice experienced an exacerbated course of dextrane sodium sulfate-induced colitis with markedly increased rectal bleeding (96 % vs 10 %) as compared with controls. PAD4-deficient mice failed to remodel blood clots on mucosal wounds eliciting impaired healing. Thus, NET-associated immunothrombi are protective in acute colitis, while insufficient immunothrombosis is associated with rectal bleeding. CONCLUSION Our findings uncover that neutrophils induce secondary immunothrombosis by PAD4-dependent mechanisms. Insufficient immunothrombosis may favour rectal bleeding in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Leppkes
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany .,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aylin Lindemann
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gößwein
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Paulus
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Roth
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Hartung
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Liebing
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Acera
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Mascia
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristina Scheibe
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Hoffmann
- Medical Clinic 3, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Uderhardt
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany,Medical Clinic 3, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Schauer
- Medical Clinic 3, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Clemens Neufert
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Vieth
- Friedrich Alexander University, Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bayreuth, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany,Medical Clinic 3, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja A Kühl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andre Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Medical Clinic 3, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Medical Clinic 1, University Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Gamez-Belmonte R, Mahapatro M, Erkert L, Gonzalez-Acera M, Naschberger E, Yu Y, Tena-Garitaonaindia M, Patankar JV, Wagner Y, Podstawa E, Schödel L, Bubeck M, Neurath MF, Stürzl M, Becker C. Epithelial presenilin-1 drives colorectal tumour growth by controlling EGFR-COX2 signalling. Gut 2022; 72:1155-1166. [PMID: 36261293 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psen1 was previously characterised as a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Little, if any, is known about its function in the gut. Here, we uncovered an unexpected functional role of Psen1 in gut epithelial cells during intestinal tumourigenesis. DESIGN Human colorectal cancer (CRC) and control samples were investigated for PSEN1 and proteins of theγ-secretase complex. Tumour formation was analysed in the AOM-DSS and Apc min/+ mouse models using newly generated epithelial-specific Psen1 deficient mice. Psen1 deficient human CRC cells were studied in a xenograft tumour model. Tumour-derived organoids were analysed for growth and RNA-Seq was performed to identify Psen1-regulated pathways. Tumouroids were generated to study EGFR activation and evaluation of the influence of prostanoids. RESULTS PSEN1 is expressed in the intestinal epithelium and its level is increased in human CRC. Psen1-deficient mice developed only small tumours and human cancer cell lines deficient in Psen1 had a reduced tumourigenicity. Tumouroids derived from Psen1-deficient Apc min/+ mice exhibited stunted growth and reduced cell proliferation. On a molecular level, PSEN1 potentiated tumour cell proliferation via enhanced EGFR signalling and COX-2 production. Exogenous administration of PGE2 reversed the slow growth of PSEN1 deficient tumour cells via PGE2 receptor 4 (EP4) receptor signalling. CONCLUSIONS Psen1 drives tumour development by increasing EGFR signalling via NOTCH1 processing, and by activating the COX-2-PGE2 pathway. PSEN1 inhibition could be a useful strategy in treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyes Gamez-Belmonte
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mousumi Mahapatro
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Erkert
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Naschberger
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yuqiang Yu
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jay V Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yara Wagner
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Podstawa
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Schödel
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marvin Bubeck
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany .,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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8
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Yu YQ, Gamez-Belmonte R, Patankar JV, Liebing E, Becker C. The Role of Programmed Necrosis in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174295. [PMID: 36077828 PMCID: PMC9455009 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Necrosis is a type of cell death characterized by plasma membrane rupture and the induction of inflammation. This review focuses on colorectal cancer and outlines the role of programmed necrosis in tumor development. Potential strategies for anti-tumor treatment via targeting programmed necrosis are also discussed. Abstract For quite a long time, necrosis was considered a chaotic and unorganized form of cell death. However, studies conducted during the past few decades unveiled multiple types of programmed necrosis, such as necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. These types of programmed necrosis have been shown to play crucial roles in mediating pathological processes, including tumorigenesis. Almost all key mediators, such as RIPK3 and MLKL in necroptosis, GSDMD and caspase 1/11 in pyroptosis and GPX4 in ferroptosis, are highly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). An aberrant increase or decrease in programmed necrosis in IECs has been connected to intestinal disorders. Here, we review the pathways of programmed necrosis and the specific consequences of regulated necrosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Translational aspects of programmed necrosis induction as a novel therapeutic alternative against CRC are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiang Yu
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Reyes Gamez-Belmonte
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jay V. Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Liebing
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-35-886
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9
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Tisch N, Mogler C, Stojanovic A, Luck R, Korhonen EA, Ellerkmann A, Adler H, Singhal M, Schermann G, Erkert L, Patankar JV, Karakatsani A, Scherr AL, Fuchs Y, Cerwenka A, Wirtz S, Köhler BC, Augustin HG, Becker C, Schmidt T, Ruiz de Almodóvar C. Caspase-8 in endothelial cells maintains gut homeostasis and prevents small bowel inflammation in mice. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14121. [PMID: 35491615 PMCID: PMC9174885 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut has a specific vascular barrier that controls trafficking of antigens and microbiota into the bloodstream. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating the maintenance of this vascular barrier remain elusive. Here, we identified Caspase-8 as a pro-survival factor in mature intestinal endothelial cells that is required to actively maintain vascular homeostasis in the small intestine in an organ-specific manner. In particular, we find that deletion of Caspase-8 in endothelial cells results in small intestinal hemorrhages and bowel inflammation, while all other organs remained unaffected. We also show that Caspase-8 seems to be particularly needed in lymphatic endothelial cells to maintain gut homeostasis. Our work demonstrates that endothelial cell dysfunction, leading to the breakdown of the gut-vascular barrier, is an active driver of chronic small intestinal inflammation, highlighting the role of the intestinal vasculature as a safeguard of organ function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Tisch
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Mogler
- Institute of Pathology, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ana Stojanovic
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Robert Luck
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emilia A Korhonen
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Ellerkmann
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Adler
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mahak Singhal
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Géza Schermann
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lena Erkert
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andromachi Karakatsani
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Scherr
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Medicine VI, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yaron Fuchs
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion -Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Adelheid Cerwenka
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bruno Christian Köhler
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Medicine VI, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hellmut G Augustin
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine with University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carmen Ruiz de Almodóvar
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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10
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Yu YQ, Thonn V, Patankar JV, Thoma OM, Waldner M, Zielinska M, Bao LL, Gonzalez-Acera M, Wallmüller S, Engel FB, Stürzl M, Neurath MF, Liebing E, Becker C. SMYD2 targets RIPK1 and restricts TNF-induced apoptosis and necroptosis to support colon tumor growth. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:52. [PMID: 35022391 PMCID: PMC8755774 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SMYD2 is a histone methyltransferase, which methylates both histone H3K4 as well as a number of non-histone proteins. Dysregulation of SMYD2 has been associated with several diseases including cancer. In the present study, we investigated whether and how SMYD2 might contribute to colorectal cancer. Increased expression levels of SMYD2 were detected in human and murine colon tumor tissues compared to tumor-free tissues. SMYD2 deficiency in colonic tumor cells strongly decreased tumor growth in two independent experimental cancer models. On a molecular level, SMYD2 deficiency sensitized colonic tumor cells to TNF-induced apoptosis and necroptosis without affecting cell proliferation. Moreover, we found that SMYD2 targeted RIPK1 and inhibited the phosphorylation of RIPK1. Finally, in a translational approach, pharmacological inhibition of SMYD2 attenuated colonic tumor growth. Collectively, our data show that SMYD2 is crucial for colon tumor growth and inhibits TNF-induced apoptosis and necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiang Yu
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veronika Thonn
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oana-Maria Thoma
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Waldner
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marta Zielinska
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Li-Li Bao
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wallmüller
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix B Engel
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Liebing
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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11
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Liu L, Yang Y, Fang R, Zhu W, Wu J, Li X, Patankar JV, Li W. Giardia duodenalis and Its Secreted PPIB Trigger Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Macrophages through TLR4-Induced ROS Signaling and A20-Mediated NLRP3 Deubiquitination. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123425. [PMID: 34943932 PMCID: PMC8700504 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis is a well-known and important causative agent of diarrhea on a global scale. Macrophage pyroptosis has been recognized as an important innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular pathogens. Yet, the effects of noninvasive Giardia infection on macrophage pyroptosis and the associated molecular triggers and regulators remain poorly defined. Here we initially observed that NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis was activated in Giardia-treated macrophages, and inhibition of ROS, NLRP3, or caspase-1 could block GSDMD cleavage, IL-1β, IL-18 and LDH release, and the cell viability reduction. We also confirmed that Giardia-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation was involved in its K63 deubiquitination. Thus, six candidate deubiquitinases were screened, among which A20 was identified as an effective regulator. We then screened TLRs on macrophage membranes and found that upon stimulation TLR4 was tightly correlated to ROS enhancement, A20-mediated NLRP3 deubiquitination, and pyroptotic signaling. In addition, several Giardia-secreted proteins were predicted as trigger factors via secretome analysis, of which peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase B (PPIB) independently induced macrophage pyroptosis. This was similar to the findings from the trophozoite treatment, and also led to the TLR4-mediated activation of NLRP3 through K63 deubiquitination by A20. Collectively, the results of this study have significant implications for expanding our understanding of host defense mechanisms after infection with G. duodenalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yongwu Yang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Rui Fang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Weining Zhu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Jingxue Wu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Jay V. Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Wei Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: or
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12
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Patankar JV, Müller TM, Kantham S, Acera MG, Mascia F, Scheibe K, Mahapatro M, Heichler C, Yu Y, Li W, Ruder B, Günther C, Leppkes M, Mathew MJ, Wirtz S, Neufert C, Kühl AA, Paquette J, Jacobson K, Atreya R, Zundler S, Neurath MF, Young RN, Becker C. E-type prostanoid receptor 4 drives resolution of intestinal inflammation by blocking epithelial necroptosis. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:796-807. [PMID: 34239062 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases present with elevated levels of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death, which compromises the gut barrier, activating immune cells and triggering more IEC death. The endogenous signals that prevent IEC death and break this vicious cycle, allowing resolution of intestinal inflammation, remain largely unknown. Here we show that prostaglandin E2 signalling via the E-type prostanoid receptor 4 (EP4) on IECs represses epithelial necroptosis and induces resolution of colitis. We found that EP4 expression correlates with an improved IBD outcome and that EP4 activation induces a transcriptional signature consistent with resolution of intestinal inflammation. We further show that dysregulated necroptosis prevents resolution, and EP4 agonism suppresses necroptosis in human and mouse IECs. Mechanistically, EP4 signalling on IECs converges on receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 to suppress tumour necrosis factor-induced activation and membrane translocation of the necroptosis effector mixed-lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase. In summary, our study indicates that EP4 promotes the resolution of colitis by suppressing IEC necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay V Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja M Müller
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Srinivas Kantham
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Miguel Gonzalez Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Mascia
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristina Scheibe
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mousumi Mahapatro
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Heichler
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yuqiang Yu
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Barbara Ruder
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Moritz Leppkes
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mano J Mathew
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Centre, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
- Allianstic Research Laboratory, EFREI Paris, Villejuif, France
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Clemens Neufert
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja A Kühl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, iPATH.Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jay Paquette
- Centre for Drug Research and Development, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- adMare BioInnovations, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevan Jacobson
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Raja Atreya
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert N Young
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany.
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13
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Gonzalez Acera M, Patankar JV, Diemand L, Siegmund B, Neurath MF, Wirtz S, Becker C. Comparative Transcriptomics of IBD Patients Indicates Induction of Type 2 Immunity Irrespective of the Disease Ideotype. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:664045. [PMID: 34136502 PMCID: PMC8200538 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.664045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines initiate and sustain the perpetuation of processes leading to chronic inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The nature of the trigger causing an inflammatory reaction decides whether type 1, type 17, or type 2 immune responses, typically characterized by the respective T- helper cell subsets, come into effect. In the intestine, Type 2 responses have been linked with mucosal healing and resolution upon an immune challenge involving parasitic infections. However, type 2 cytokines are frequently elevated in certain types of IBD in particular ulcerative colitis (UC) leading to the assumption that Th2 cells might critically support the pathogenesis of UC raising the question of whether such elevated type 2 responses in IBD are beneficial or detrimental. In line with this, previous studies showed that suppression of IL-13 and other type 2 related molecules in murine models could improve the outcomes of intestinal inflammation. However, therapeutic attempts of neutralizing IL-13 in ulcerative colitis patients have yielded no benefits. Thus, a better understanding of the role of type 2 cytokines in regulating intestinal inflammation is required. Here, we took a comparative transcriptomic approach to address how Th2 responses evolve in different mouse models of colitis and human IBD datasets. Our data show that type 2 immune-related transcripts are induced in the inflamed gut of IBD patients in both Crohn's disease and UC and across widely used mouse models of IBD. Collectively our data implicate that the presence of a type 2 signature rather defines a distinct state of intestinal inflammation than a disease-specific pathomechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gonzalez Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leonard Diemand
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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14
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Nikam A, Patankar JV, Somlapura M, Lahiri P, Sachdev V, Kratky D, Denk H, Zatloukal K, Abuja PM. The PPARα Agonist Fenofibrate Prevents Formation of Protein Aggregates (Mallory-Denk bodies) in a Murine Model of Steatohepatitis-like Hepatotoxicity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12964. [PMID: 30154499 PMCID: PMC6113278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic intoxication of mice with the porphyrinogenic compound 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) leads to morphological and metabolic changes closely resembling steatohepatitis, a severe form of metabolic liver disease in humans. Since human steatohepatitis (both the alcoholic and non-alcoholic type) is characterized by reduced expression of PPARα and disturbed lipid metabolism we investigated the role of this ligand-activated receptor in the development of DDC-induced liver injury. Acute DDC-intoxication was accompanied by early significant downregulation of Pparα mRNA expression along with PPARα-controlled stress-response and lipid metabolism genes that persisted in the chronic stage. Administration of the specific PPARα agonist fenofibrate together with DDC prevented the downregulation of PPARα-associated genes and also improved the stress response of Nrf2-dependent redox-regulating genes. Moreover, oxidative stress and inflammation were strongly reduced by DDC/fenofibrate co-treatment. In addition, fenofibrate prevented the disruption of hepatocyte intermediate filament cytoskeleton and the formation of Mallory-Denk bodies at late stages of DDC intoxication. Our findings show that, like in human steatohepatitis, PPARα is downregulated in the DDC model of steatohepatitis-like hepatocellular damage. Its downregulation and the pathomorphologic features of steatohepatitis are prevented by co-administration of fenofibrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Nikam
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Gottfried Schatz Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University, D-91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Pooja Lahiri
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vinay Sachdev
- Gottfried Schatz Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Helmut Denk
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kurt Zatloukal
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter M Abuja
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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15
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Patankar JV, Wong CK, Morampudi V, Gibson WT, Vallance B, Ioannou GN, Hayden MR. Genetic ablation of Cyp8b1 preserves host metabolic function by repressing steatohepatitis and altering gut microbiota composition. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 314:E418-E432. [PMID: 29066462 PMCID: PMC6008057 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00172.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are associated with reduced hepatic mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Cholic acid (CA) is the predominant 12α-hydroxylated bile acid that regulates hepatic lipid metabolism, and its circulating levels are negatively correlated with insulin resistance. Abolishing CA synthesis via the genetic disruption of the enzyme sterol 12α-hydroxylase ( Cyp8b1-/-) leads in resistance to diabetes and hepatic steatosis. Here, we show that long-term stimulation of hepatic lipogenesis leads to a severe impairment in overall metabolic and respiratory function in control mice ( Cyp8b1+/+) but strikingly not in Cyp8b1-/- mice. Cyp8b1-/- mice are protected from such metabolic impairments associated with T2D and NASH by inhibiting hepatic de novo lipogenic gene and protein expression and altering gut microbiota composition. The protective phenotype is compromised when NASH induction is independent of impairment in de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Consequently, Cyp8b1-/- mice also show a reduction in hepatic inflammation and fibrosis along with a shift in antimicrobial dynamics in the small intestine. Our data show that the altered bile acid composition of Cyp8b1-/- mice preserves metabolic and respiratory function by repressing hepatic DNL and driving favorable changes in gut antimicrobial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay V Patankar
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada
| | - Chi K Wong
- Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada
| | - Vijay Morampudi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada
| | - William T Gibson
- Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada
| | - Bruce Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada
| | - George N Ioannou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael R Hayden
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada
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16
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Chevre R, Trigueros-Motos L, Castaño D, Chua T, Corlianò M, Patankar JV, Sng L, Sim L, Juin TL, Carissimo G, Ng LFP, Yi CNJ, Eliathamby CC, Groen AK, Hayden MR, Singaraja RR. Therapeutic modulation of the bile acid pool by Cyp8b1 knockdown protects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. FASEB J 2018; 32:3792-3802. [PMID: 29481310 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701084rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are surfactant molecules that regulate the intestinal absorption of lipids. Thus, the modulation of BAs represents a potential therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is characterized by hepatic accumulation of fat and is a major cause of liver disease worldwide. Cyp8b1 is a critical modulator of the hydrophobicity index of the BA pool. As a therapeutic proof of concept, we aimed to determine the impact of Cyp8b1 inhibition in vivo on BA pool composition and as protection against NAFLD. Inhibition of Cyp8b1 expression in mice led to a remodeling of the BA pool, which altered its signaling properties and decreased intestinal fat absorption. In a model of cholesterol-induced NAFLD, Cyp8b1 knockdown significantly decreased steatosis and hepatic lipid content, which has been associated with an increase in fecal lipid and BA excretion. Moreover, inhibition of Cyp8b1 not only decreased hepatic lipid accumulation, but also resulted in the clearance of previously accumulated hepatic cholesterol, which led to a regression in hepatic steatosis. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Cyp8b1 inhibition is a viable therapeutic target of crucial interest for metabolic diseases, such as NAFLD.-Chevre, R., Trigueros-Motos, L., Castaño, D., Chua, T., Corlianò, M., Patankar, J. V., Sng, L., Sim, L., Juin, T. L., Carissimo, G., Ng, L. F. P., Yi, C. N. J., Eliathamby, C. C., Groen, A. K., Hayden, M. R., Singaraja, R. R. Therapeutic modulation of the bile acid pool by Cyp8b1 knockdown protects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Chevre
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Laia Trigueros-Motos
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - David Castaño
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Tricia Chua
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Maria Corlianò
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lareina Sng
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Lauren Sim
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Tan Liang Juin
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Guillaume Carissimo
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Lisa F P Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Cheryl Neo Jia Yi
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Chelsea Chandani Eliathamby
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Albert K Groen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and.,Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael R Hayden
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Roshni R Singaraja
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Sachdev V, Leopold C, Bauer R, Patankar JV, Iqbal J, Obrowsky S, Boverhof R, Doktorova M, Scheicher B, Kolb D, Turnbull AV, Zimmer A, Hoefler G, Hussain MM, Groen AK, Kratky D. Novel role of a triglyceride-synthesizing enzyme: DGAT1 at the crossroad between triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism. Atherosclerosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Radović B, Vujić N, Leopold C, Schlager S, Goeritzer M, Patankar JV, Korbelius M, Kolb D, Reindl J, Wegscheider M, Tomin T, Birner-Gruenberger R, Schittmayer M, Groschner L, Magnes C, Diwoky C, Frank S, Steyrer E, Du H, Graier WF, Madl T, Kratky D. Lysosomal acid lipase regulates VLDL synthesis and insulin sensitivity in mice. Diabetologia 2016; 59:1743-52. [PMID: 27153842 PMCID: PMC4930475 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) hydrolyses cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols (TG) within lysosomes to mobilise NEFA and cholesterol. Since LAL-deficient (Lal (-/-) ) mice suffer from progressive loss of adipose tissue and severe accumulation of lipids in hepatic lysosomes, we hypothesised that LAL deficiency triggers alternative energy pathway(s). METHODS We studied metabolic adaptations in Lal (-/-) mice. RESULTS Despite loss of adipose tissue, Lal (-/-) mice show enhanced glucose clearance during insulin and glucose tolerance tests and have increased uptake of [(3)H]2-deoxy-D-glucose into skeletal muscle compared with wild-type mice. In agreement, fasted Lal (-/-) mice exhibit reduced glucose and glycogen levels in skeletal muscle. We observed 84% decreased plasma leptin levels and significantly reduced hepatic ATP, glucose, glycogen and glutamine concentrations in fed Lal (-/-) mice. Markedly reduced hepatic acyl-CoA concentrations decrease the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) target genes. However, treatment of Lal (-/-) mice with the PPARα agonist fenofibrate further decreased plasma TG (and hepatic glucose and glycogen) concentrations in Lal (-/-) mice. Depletion of hepatic nuclear factor 4α and forkhead box protein a2 in fasted Lal (-/-) mice might be responsible for reduced expression of microsomal TG transfer protein, defective VLDL synthesis and drastically reduced plasma TG levels. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings indicate that neither activation nor inactivation of PPARα per se but rather the availability of hepatic acyl-CoA concentrations regulates VLDL synthesis and subsequent metabolic adaptations in Lal (-/-) mice. We conclude that decreased plasma VLDL production enhances glucose uptake into skeletal muscle to compensate for the lack of energy supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Radović
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Nemanja Vujić
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Leopold
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefanie Schlager
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Madeleine Goeritzer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Melanie Korbelius
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Center for Medical Research/Institute of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Reindl
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Wegscheider
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tamara Tomin
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Matthias Schittmayer
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Groschner
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Center for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christoph Magnes
- Health, Bioanalytik und Metabolomics, Joanneum Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Clemens Diwoky
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Saša Frank
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Steyrer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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19
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Vinod M, Patankar JV, Sachdev V, Frank S, Graier WF, Kratky D, Kostner GM. MiR-206 is expressed in pancreatic islets and regulates glucokinase activity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 311:E175-E185. [PMID: 27221121 PMCID: PMC4941929 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00510.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is a complex indispensable process, and its dysregulation causes hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Glucokinase (GK) takes a central role in these pathways and is thus rate limiting for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from pancreatic islets. Several reports have described the transcriptional regulation of Gck mRNA, whereas its posttranscriptional mechanisms of regulation, especially those involving microRNAs (miR), are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-206 as a posttranscriptional regulator of Gck In addition, we examined the effects of miR-206 on glucose tolerance, GSIS, and gene expression in control and germ line miR-206 knockout (KO) mice fed either with chow or high-fat diet (HFD). MiR-206 was found in Gck-expressing tissues and was differentially altered in response to HFD feeding. Pancreatic islets showed the most profound induction in the expression of miR-206 in response to HFD. Chow- and HFD-fed miR-206KO mice have improved glucose tolerance and GSIS but unaltered insulin sensitivity. In silico analysis of Gck mRNA revealed a conserved 8-mer miR-206 binding site. Hence, the predicted regulation of Gck by miR-206 was confirmed in reporter and GK activity assays. Concomitant with increased GK activity, miR-206KO mice had elevated liver glycogen content and plasma lactate concentrations. Our findings revealed a novel mechanism of posttranscriptional regulation of Gck by miR-206 and underline the crucial role of pancreatic islet miR-206 in the regulation of whole body glucose homeostasis in a murine model that mimics the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula Vinod
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vinay Sachdev
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Saša Frank
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard M Kostner
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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20
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Sachdev V, Leopold C, Bauer R, Patankar JV, Iqbal J, Obrowsky S, Boverhof R, Doktorova M, Scheicher B, Goeritzer M, Kolb D, Turnbull AV, Zimmer A, Hoefler G, Hussain MM, Groen AK, Kratky D. Novel role of a triglyceride-synthesizing enzyme: DGAT1 at the crossroad between triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1132-1141. [PMID: 27344248 PMCID: PMC4948681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) is a key enzyme in triacylglycerol (TG) biosynthesis. Here we show that genetic deficiency and pharmacological inhibition of DGAT1 in mice alters cholesterol metabolism. Cholesterol absorption, as assessed by acute cholesterol uptake, was significantly decreased in the small intestine and liver upon DGAT1 deficiency/inhibition. Ablation of DGAT1 in the intestine (I-DGAT1−/−) alone is sufficient to cause these effects. Consequences of I-DGAT1 deficiency phenocopy findings in whole-body DGAT1−/− and DGAT1 inhibitor-treated mice. We show that deficiency/inhibition of DGAT1 affects cholesterol metabolism via reduced chylomicron size and increased trans-intestinal cholesterol excretion. These effects are independent of cholesterol uptake at the apical surface of enterocytes but mediated through altered dietary fatty acid metabolism. Our findings provide insight into a novel role of DGAT1 and identify a pathway by which intestinal DGAT1 deficiency affects whole-body cholesterol homeostasis in mice. Targeting intestinal DGAT1 may represent a novel approach for treating hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Sachdev
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Leopold
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Raimund Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Jahangir Iqbal
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 11203 New York, United States
| | - Sascha Obrowsky
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Renze Boverhof
- Departments of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcela Doktorova
- Departments of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Scheicher
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Madeleine Goeritzer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Zimmer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - M Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 11203 New York, United States
| | - Albert K Groen
- Departments of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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21
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Patankar JV, Brunham LR, Hayden MR. Comment on Rickels et al. Loss-of-Function Mutations in ABCA1 and Enhanced β-Cell Secretory Capacity in Young Adults. Diabetes 2015;64:193-199. Diabetes 2015; 64:e25-6; discussion e27. [PMID: 26294435 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay V Patankar
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child & Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Liam R Brunham
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael R Hayden
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child & Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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22
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Out C, Patankar JV, Doktorova M, Boesjes M, Bos T, de Boer S, Havinga R, Wolters H, Boverhof R, van Dijk TH, Smoczek A, Bleich A, Sachdev V, Kratky D, Kuipers F, Verkade HJ, Groen AK. Gut microbiota inhibit Asbt-dependent intestinal bile acid reabsorption via Gata4. J Hepatol 2015; 63:697-704. [PMID: 26022694 PMCID: PMC5293168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Regulation of bile acid homeostasis in mammals is a complex process regulated via extensive cross-talk between liver, intestine and intestinal microbiota. Here we studied the effects of gut microbiota on bile acid homeostasis in mice. METHODS Bile acid homeostasis was assessed in four mouse models. Germfree mice, conventionally-raised mice, Asbt-KO mice and intestinal-specific Gata4-iKO mice were treated with antibiotics (bacitracin, neomycin and vancomycin; 100 mg/kg) for five days and subsequently compared with untreated mice. RESULTS Attenuation of the bacterial flora by antibiotics strongly reduced fecal excretion and synthesis of bile acids, but increased the expression of the bile acid synthesis enzyme CYP7A1. Similar effects were seen in germfree mice. Intestinal bile acid absorption was increased and accompanied by increases in plasma bile acid levels, biliary bile acid secretion and enterohepatic cycling of bile acids. In the absence of microbiota, the expression of the intestinal bile salt transporter Asbt was strongly increased in the ileum and was also expressed in more proximal parts of the small intestine. Most of the effects of antibiotic treatment on bile acid homeostasis could be prevented by genetic inactivation of either Asbt or the transcription factor Gata4. CONCLUSIONS Attenuation of gut microbiota alters Gata4-controlled expression of Asbt, increasing absorption and decreasing synthesis of bile acids. Our data support the concept that under physiological conditions microbiota stimulate Gata4, which suppresses Asbt expression, limiting the expression of this transporter to the terminal ileum. Our studies expand current knowledge on the bacterial control of bile acid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien Out
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jay V. Patankar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marcela Doktorova
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marije Boesjes
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Trijnie Bos
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanna de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Havinga
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Wolters
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Renze Boverhof
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo H. van Dijk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Smoczek
- Zentrales Tierlaboratorium und Institut für Versuchstierkunde, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - André Bleich
- Zentrales Tierlaboratorium und Institut für Versuchstierkunde, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vinay Sachdev
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henkjan J. Verkade
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert K. Groen
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Corresponding author. Address: Laboratory of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 50 3613156. (A.K. Groen)
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23
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Hitchcock E, Patankar JV, Tyson C, Hrynchak M, Hayden MR, Gibson WT. A novel microdeletion affecting the CETP gene raises HDL-associated cholesterol levels. Clin Genet 2015; 89:495-500. [PMID: 26126777 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe a novel, inherited 16q13 microdeletion that removes cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and several nearby genes. The proband was originally referred for severe childhood-onset obesity and moderate developmental delay, but his fasting lipid profile revealed relatively high levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and relatively low levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) for age, despite his obesity. Testing of first-degree relatives identified two other microdeletion carriers. Functional assays in affected individuals showed decreased CETP mRNA expression and enzymatic activity. This microdeletion may or may not be pathogenic for obesity and developmental delay, but based on the lipid profile, the functional studies, and the phenotype of other patients with loss-of-function mutations of CETP, we believe this microdeletion to be antipathogenic for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hitchcock
- Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J V Patankar
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
| | - C Tyson
- Cytogenetic Laboratory, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, Canada
| | - M Hrynchak
- Cytogenetic Laboratory, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, Canada
| | - M R Hayden
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, Canada
| | - W T Gibson
- Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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24
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Kaur A, Patankar JV, de Haan W, Ruddle P, Wijesekara N, Groen AK, Verchere CB, Singaraja RR, Hayden MR. Loss of Cyp8b1 improves glucose homeostasis by increasing GLP-1. Diabetes 2015; 64:1168-79. [PMID: 25338812 DOI: 10.2337/db14-0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Besides their role in facilitating lipid absorption, bile acids are increasingly being recognized as signaling molecules that activate cell-signaling receptors. Targeted disruption of the sterol 12α-hydroxylase gene (Cyp8b1) results in complete absence of cholic acid (CA) and its derivatives. Here we investigate the effect of Cyp8b1 deletion on glucose homeostasis. Absence of Cyp8b1 results in improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and β-cell function, mediated by absence of CA in Cyp8b1(-/-) mice. In addition, we show that reduced intestinal fat absorption in the absence of biliary CA leads to increased free fatty acids reaching the ileal L cells. This correlates with increased secretion of the incretin hormone GLP-1. GLP-1, in turn, increases the biosynthesis and secretion of insulin from β-cells, leading to the improved glucose tolerance observed in the Cyp8b1(-/-) mice. Thus, our data elucidate the importance of Cyp8b1 inhibition on the regulation of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achint Kaur
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Willeke de Haan
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Piers Ruddle
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nadeeja Wijesekara
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Albert K Groen
- Departments of Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - C Bruce Verchere
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Roshni R Singaraja
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) Institute and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael R Hayden
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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25
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Dražić T, Molčanov K, Sachdev V, Malnar M, Hećimović S, Patankar JV, Obrowsky S, Levak-Frank S, Habuš I, Kratky D. Novel amino-β-lactam derivatives as potent cholesterol absorption inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 87:722-34. [PMID: 25305716 PMCID: PMC4237514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two new trans-(3R,4R)-amino-β-lactam derivatives and their diastereoisomeric mixtures were synthesized as ezetimibe bioisosteres and tested in in vitro and in vivo experiments as novel β-lactam cholesterol absorption inhibitors. Both compounds exhibited low cytotoxicity in MDCKII, hNPC1L1/MDCKII, and HepG2 cell lines and potent inhibitory effect in hNPC1L1/MDCKII cells. In addition, these compounds markedly reduced cholesterol absorption in mice, resulting in reduced cholesterol concentrations in plasma, liver, and intestine. We determined the crystal structure of one amino-β-lactam derivative to establish unambiguously both the absolute and relative configuration at the new stereogenic centre C17, which was assigned to be S. The pKa values for both compounds are 9.35, implying that the amino-β-lactam derivatives and their diastereoisomeric mixtures are in form of ammonium salt in blood and the intestine. The IC50 value for the diastereoisomeric mixture is 60 μM. In vivo, it efficiently inhibited cholesterol absorption comparable to ezetimibe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonko Dražić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Vinay Sachdev
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martina Malnar
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Silva Hećimović
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sascha Obrowsky
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sanja Levak-Frank
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ivan Habuš
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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26
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Patankar JV, Sachdev V, Obrowsky S, Levak-Frank S, Kratky D. Intestinal GATA4 deficiency induces proximal fibroblast growth factor 15 expression and represses hepatic gluconeogenesis. J Hepatol 2013; 59:1147-9. [PMID: 23850878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay V Patankar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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27
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Patankar JV. BRCA1/2 negative status predicts no extended risk of invasive ovarian cancer. Clin Genet 2013; 85:17-8. [PMID: 24134137 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J V Patankar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z4H4, Canada.
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28
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Patankar JV. Genomic signatures of BRCA1 but not BRCA2 associated high-grade serous carcinoma resemble basal-like breast cancer. Clin Genet 2013; 85:16-7. [PMID: 24127632 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J V Patankar
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z4H4, Canada..
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29
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Patankar JV. Novel cilia-dependent pathway activates rapid cyst growth in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Clin Genet 2013; 85:230-2. [PMID: 24111686 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J V Patankar
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z4H4, Canada.
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30
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Patankar JV. Cholesterol metabolism is a potential therapeutic target for Rett syndrome. Clin Genet 2013; 85:229-30. [PMID: 24102619 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J V Patankar
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z4H4, Canada.
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31
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Nikam A, Patankar JV, Lackner C, Schöck E, Kratky D, Zatloukal K, Abuja PM. Transition between acute and chronic hepatotoxicity in mice is associated with impaired energy metabolism and induction of mitochondrial heme oxygenase-1. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66094. [PMID: 23762471 PMCID: PMC3675145 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of protein inclusions is frequently associated with chronic metabolic diseases. In mice, short-term intoxication with 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) leads to hepatocellular damage indicated by elevated serum liver enzyme activities, whereas only minor morphological changes are observed. Conversely, chronic administration of DDC for several weeks results in severe morphological damage, characterized by hepatocellular ballooning, disruption of the intermediate filament cytoskeleton, and formation of Mallory-Denk bodies consisting predominantly of misfolded keratins, Sqstm1/p62, and heat shock proteins. To evaluate the mechanistic underpinnings for this dichotomy we dissected the time-course of DDC intoxication for up to 10 weeks. We determined body weight change, serum liver enzyme activities, morphologic alterations, induction of antioxidant response (heme oxygenase-1, HO-1), oxidative damage and ATP content in livers as well as respiration, oxidative damage and the presence and activity of HO-1 in endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria (mtHO-1). Elevated serum liver enzyme activity and oxidative liver damage were already present at early intoxication stages without further subsequent increase. After 2 weeks of intoxication, mice had transiently lost 9% of their body weight, liver ATP-content was reduced to 58% of controls, succinate-driven respiration was uncoupled from ATP-production and antioxidant response was associated with the appearance of catalytically active mtHO-1. Oxidative damage was associated with both acute and chronic DDC toxicity whereas the onset of chronic intoxication was specifically associated with mitochondrial dysfunction which was maximal after 2 weeks of intoxication. At this transition stage, adaptive responses involving mtHO-1 were induced, indirectly leading to improved respiration and preventing further drop of ATP levels. Our observations clearly demonstrate principally different mechanisms for acute and chronic toxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Nikam
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jay V. Patankar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Carolin Lackner
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Schöck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kurt Zatloukal
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter M. Abuja
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
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32
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Doddapattar P, Radović B, Patankar JV, Obrowsky S, Jandl K, Nusshold C, Kolb D, Vujić N, Doshi L, Chandak PG, Goeritzer M, Ahammer H, Hoefler G, Sattler W, Kratky D. Xanthohumol ameliorates atherosclerotic plaque formation, hypercholesterolemia, and hepatic steatosis in ApoE-deficient mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1718-28. [PMID: 23650230 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated antioxidative and anti-inflammatory chalcone from hops, exhibits positive effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. Based on its favorable biological properties, we investigated whether XN attenuates atherosclerosis in western-type diet-fed apolipoprotein-E-deficient (ApoE⁻/⁻) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS XN supplementation markedly reduced plasma cholesterol concentrations, decreased atherosclerotic lesion area, and attenuated plasma concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine monocyte chemoattractant protein 1. Decreased hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol content, activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, phosphorylation and inactivation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and reduced expression levels of mature sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-2 and SREBP-1c mRNA indicate reduced lipogenesis in the liver of XN-fed ApoE⁻/⁻ mice. Concomitant induction of hepatic mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a in ApoE⁻/⁻ mice-administered XN suggests increased fatty acid beta-oxidation. Fecal cholesterol concentrations were also markedly increased in XN-fed ApoE⁻/⁻ mice compared with mice fed western-type diet alone. CONCLUSION The atheroprotective effects of XN might be attributed to combined beneficial effects on plasma cholesterol and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 concentrations and hepatic lipid metabolism via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Doddapattar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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33
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Waltl S, Patankar JV, Fauler G, Nusshold C, Ullen A, Eibinger G, Wintersperger A, Kratky D, Malle E, Sattler W. 25-Hydroxycholesterol regulates cholesterol homeostasis in the murine CATH.a neuronal cell line. Neurosci Lett 2013; 539:16-21. [PMID: 23347841 PMCID: PMC3610018 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant oxysterol biosynthesis is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. During the present study we have investigated the effects of exogenously added 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) on transcription of cholesterol biosynthetic genes, sterol-regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) processing and cholesterol biosynthesis in the murine CATH.a neuronal cell line. A single i.p. injection of lipopolysaccharide resulted in robust induction of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase mRNA and protein levels in brains of treated mice. In vitro, 25-HC upregulated the transcription of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and (to a lesser extent) apolipoprotein E (apoE) in CATH.a neurons. Cholesterol biosynthetic gene expression (squalene synthase, HMG-CoA synthase, HMG-CoA reductase, and SREBP2) was downregulated by 25-HC. 25-HC also significantly attenuated proteolytic processing of SREBP2. Finally, 25-HC downregulated cholesterol biosynthesis in CATH.a neurons. Our results demonstrate that 25-HC is a potent effector oxysterol of neuronal cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Waltl
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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34
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Obrowsky S, Chandak PG, Patankar JV, Povoden S, Schlager S, Kershaw EE, Bogner-Strauss JG, Hoefler G, Levak-Frank S, Kratky D. Adipose triglyceride lipase is a TG hydrolase of the small intestine and regulates intestinal PPARα signaling. J Lipid Res 2012; 54:425-35. [PMID: 23220585 PMCID: PMC3541705 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m031716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the rate-limiting enzyme mediating
triglyceride (TG) hydrolysis. The lack of ATGL results in TG accumulation in
multiple tissues, underscoring the critical role of ATGL in maintaining lipid
homeostasis. Recent evidence suggests that ATGL affects TG metabolism via
activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα).
To investigate specific effects of intestinal ATGL on lipid metabolism we
generated mice lacking ATGL exclusively in the intestine (ATGLiKO). We found
decreased TG hydrolase activity and increased intracellular TG content in
ATGLiKO small intestines. Intragastric administration of
[3H]trioleate resulted in the accumulation of radioactive TG in the
intestine, whereas absorption into the systemic circulation was unchanged.
Intraperitoneally injected [3H]oleate also accumulated within TG in
ATGLiKO intestines, indicating that ATGL mobilizes fatty acids from the systemic
circulation absorbed by the basolateral side from the blood. Down-regulation of
PPARα target genes suggested modulation of cholesterol absorption by
intestinal ATGL. Accordingly, ATGL deficiency in the intestine resulted in
delayed cholesterol absorption. Importantly, this study provides evidence that
ATGL has no impact on intestinal TG absorption but hydrolyzes TGs taken up from
the intestinal lumen and systemic circulation. Our data support the role of ATGL
in modulating PPARα-dependent processes also in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Obrowsky
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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35
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Patankar JV, Chandak PG, Obrowsky S, Pfeifer T, Diwoky C, Uellen A, Sattler W, Stollberger R, Hoefler G, Heinemann A, Battle M, Duncan S, Kratky D, Levak-Frank S. Loss of intestinal GATA4 prevents diet-induced obesity and promotes insulin sensitivity in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2011; 300:E478-88. [PMID: 21177287 PMCID: PMC3163292 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00457.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation of small intestinal gene expression controls plasma total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels, which are major determinants of metabolic diseases. GATA4, a zinc finger domain transcription factor, is critical for jejunal identity, and intestinal GATA4 deficiency leads to a jejunoileal transition. Although intestinal GATA4 ablation is known to misregulate jejunal gene expression, its pathophysiological impact on various components of metabolic syndrome remains unknown. Here, we used intestine-specific GATA4 knockout (GATA4iKO) mice to dissect the contribution of GATA4 on obesity development. We challenged adult GATA4iKO mice and control littermates with a Western-type diet (WTD) for 20 wk. Our findings show that WTD-fed GATA4iKO mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity. Accordingly, plasma TG and TC levels are markedly decreased. Intestinal lipid absorption in GATA4iKO mice was strongly reduced, whereas luminal lipolysis was unaffected. GATA4iKO mice displayed a greater glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) release on normal chow and even after long-term challenge with WTD remained glucose sensitive. In summary, our findings show that the absence of intestinal GATA4 has a beneficial effect on decreasing intestinal lipid absorption causing resistance to hyperlipidemia and obesity. In addition, we show that increased GLP-1 release in GATA4iKO mice decreases the risk for development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay V Patankar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/3, Graz, Austria
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Karmarkar SJ, Patankar JV, Oak SN, Ramadwar RH, Kulkarni BK, Deshmukh SS. The 3-loop technique: a reliable technique for anterior pubic fixation in bladder exstrophy. J Urol 1995; 154:1173-6. [PMID: 7637082 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(01)67025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In exstrophic anomalies the ultimate urological outcome largely depends on successful initial closure of the lower urinary tract and soft tissues. We believe that secure anterior pubic fixation is crucial for ensuring successful closure. After being dissatisfied with other methods of anterior pubic fixation we introduced the 3-loop method. The 3-loop technique and our experience with it are described. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 2 years 7 consecutive cases of bladder exstrophy were closed using the 3-loop technique. Patient age at closure ranged from newborn to 9 years. RESULTS In all 7 patients closure was successful and there was no cutting through of the wires, bony erosion, or erosion into the reconstructed bladder neck or urethra. The duration of postoperative traction was only 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS The 3-loop method is useful and reliable for secure anterior pubic fixation of the pubes in bladder exstrophy patients and it contributes positively to the ultimate urological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Karmarkar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital, Bombay, India
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