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Choi JW, Lim S, Jung SE, Jeong S, Moon H, Song BW, Kim IK, Lee S, Hwang KC, Kim SW. Enhanced Osteocyte Differentiation: Cathepsin D and L Secretion by Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2852. [PMID: 38132172 PMCID: PMC10742070 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have the potential to differentiate into bone, cartilage, fat, and neural cells and promote tissue regeneration and healing. It is known that they can have variable responses to hypoxic conditions. In the present study, we aimed to explore diverse changes in the cells and secretome of ASCs under a hypoxic environment over time and to present the possibility of ASCs as therapeutic agents from a different perspective. The expression differences of proteins between normoxic and hypoxic conditions (6, 12, or 24 h) were specifically investigated in human ASCs using 2-DE combined with MALDI-TOF MS analysis, and secreted proteins in ASC-derived conditioned media (ASC-derived CM) were examined by an adipokine array. In addition, genetic and/or proteomic interactions were assessed using a DAVID and miRNet functional annotation bioinformatics analysis. We found that 64 and 5 proteins were differentially expressed in hypoxic ASCs and in hypoxic ASC-derived CM, respectively. Moreover, 7 proteins among the 64 markedly changed spots in hypoxic ASCs were associated with bone-related diseases. We found that two proteins, cathepsin D (CTSD) and cathepsin L (CTSL), identified through an adipokine array independently exhibited significant efficacy in promoting osteocyte differentiation in bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). This finding introduces a promising avenue for utilizing hypoxia-preconditioned ASC-derived CM as a potential therapeutic approach for bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Won Choi
- Medical Science Research Institute, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (S.E.J.)
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Department of Convergence Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
| | - Seung Eun Jung
- Medical Science Research Institute, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (S.E.J.)
| | - Seongtae Jeong
- The Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Integrative Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hanbyeol Moon
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- Department of Convergence Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Department of Convergence Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Department of Convergence Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Department of Convergence Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Department of Convergence Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
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Kim H, Song BW, Park SJ, Choi SW, Moon H, Hwang KC, Kang SW, Moon SH, Yang Y, Kwon IC, Kim SH. Ultraefficient extracellular vesicle-guided direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabj6621. [PMID: 35213232 PMCID: PMC8880777 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj6621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Direct lineage conversion holds great promise in the regenerative medicine field for restoring damaged tissues using functionally engineered counterparts. However, current methods of direct lineage conversion, even those using virus-mediated transgenic expression of tumorigenic factors, are extremely inefficient (~25%). Thus, advanced methodologies capable of revolutionizing efficiency and addressing safety concerns are key to clinical translation of these technologies. Here, we propose an extracellular vesicle (EV)-guided, nonviral, direct lineage conversion strategy to enhance transdifferentiation of fibroblasts to induced cardiomyocyte-like cells (iCMs). The resulting iCMs have typical cardiac Ca2+ transients and electrophysiological features and exhibit global gene expression profiles similar to those of cardiomyocytes. This is the first demonstration of the use of EVs derived from embryonic stem cells undergoing cardiac differentiation as biomimetic tools to induce cardiac reprogramming with extremely high efficiency (>60%), establishing a general, more readily accessible platform for generating a variety of specialized somatic cells through direct lineage conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyosuk Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- College of Medicine, Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Jung Park
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Choi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbyeol Moon
- College of Medicine, Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- College of Medicine, Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Woong Kang
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- College of Medicine, Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosoo Yang
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ick Chan Kwon
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- KIST-DFCI ON-SITE-LAB, Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sun Hwa Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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Moon H, Choi JW, Song BW, Kim IK, Lim S, Lee S, Han G, Hwang KC, Kim SW. Brite Adipocyte FGF21 Attenuates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rat Hearts by Modulating NRF2. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030567. [PMID: 35159376 PMCID: PMC8833946 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the optimal therapy for myocardial infarction includes reperfusion to restore blood flow to the ischemic area, myocardial injury after ischemia/reperfusion usually leads to an inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In this study, rat adipose-derived stem cells were differentiated into low-thermogenic beige adipocytes (LBACs) and high-thermogenic beige adipocytes (HBACs) to study the different cardioprotective effects of heterogeneous expression of brown adipocytes. We found that antioxidant and antiapoptotic factors in H9c2 cardiomyocytes were upregulated by high levels of secreted FGF21 in HBAC conditioned medium (HBAC-CM), whereas FGF21 in HBAC-CM did not affect antioxidative or antiapoptotic cell death in H9c2 cardiomyocytes with Nrf2 knockdown. These results show that NRF2 mediates antioxidative and antiapoptotic effects through the HBAC-secreted factor FGF21. Consistent with this finding, the expression of antioxidant and antiapoptotic genes was upregulated by highly secreted FGF21 after HBAC-CM treatment compared to LBAC-CM treatment in H9c2 cardiomyocytes via NRF2 activation. Furthermore, HBAC-CM significantly attenuated ischemic rat heart tissue injury via NRF2 activation. Based on these findings, we propose that HBAC-CM exerts beneficial effects in rat cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by modulating NRF2 and has potential as a promising therapeutic agent for myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbyeol Moon
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.M.); (G.H.)
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Korea
| | - Gyoonhee Han
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.M.); (G.H.)
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (B.-W.S.); (I.-K.K.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-290-2612; Fax: +82-32-290-2774
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Song BW, Lee CY, Park JH, Kim B, Lee S, Lim S, Kim SW, Choi JW, Kang M, Kang JH, Lee SS, Park MJ, Moon H, Hwang KC, Kim IK. Cold-pressed oil from Citrus aurantifolia inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells via regulation of PI3K/MAPK signaling pathways. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:21. [PMID: 34815773 PMCID: PMC8593924 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular occlusive disease is a chronic disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Although a variety of therapies and medications have been developed, the likelihood of disease re-emergence is high and this can be life-threatening. Based on a previous screening experiment related to vascular obstructive diseases using 34 types of essential oils, cold-pressed oil (CpO) from Citrus aurantifolia (lime) has been demonstrated to have the best effect for the inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lime CpO on the pathological changes of VSMCs. To determine this, the effect of lime CpO on VSMC proliferation, a major cause of vascular disease, was investigated. To determine the safe concentration interval for toxicity of CpO during VSMC culture, a dilution of 1x10-5 was determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, which was confirmed to be non-toxic using a lactate dehydrogenase assay. To examine the effect of lime CpO in cellular signaling pathways, changes in phosphorylation of both the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and extracellular signal-regulated MEK/ERK signaling pathways with serum were investigated. Furthermore, lime CpO with FBS also significantly decreased the expression levels of the cell cycle regulators cyclin D1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Additionally, lime CpO with FBS significantly inhibited the sprouting of VSMCs in an ex vivo culture system. These results suggested that lime CpO inhibited the abnormal proliferation of VSMCs and can be developed as a nature-based therapeutic agent for obstructive vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Wook Song
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Research Center of Convergence Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hee Park
- Medical Science Research Institute, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Kang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Kang
- IMMUNISBIO Co., Ltd., International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Suk Lee
- Division of Wood Chemistry and Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Park
- Division of Wood Chemistry and Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbyeol Moon
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25601, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
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Lee S, Chae DS, Song BW, Lim S, Kim SW, Kim IK, Hwang KC. ADSC-Based Cell Therapies for Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Review of Recent Clinical Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910586. [PMID: 34638927 PMCID: PMC8508846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently published clinical trials involving the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) indicated that approximately one-third of the studies were conducted on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). MSD refers to a wide range of degenerative conditions of joints, bones, and muscles, and these conditions are the most common causes of chronic disability worldwide, being a major burden to the society. Conventional treatment modalities for MSD are not sufficient to correct the underlying structural abnormalities. Hence, ADSC-based cell therapies are being tested as a form of alternative, yet more effective, therapies in the management of MSDs. Therefore, in this review, MSDs subjected to the ADSC-based therapy were further categorized as arthritis, craniomaxillofacial defects, tendon/ligament related disorders, and spine disorders, and their brief characterization as well as the corresponding conventional therapeutic approaches with possible mechanisms with which ADSCs produce regenerative effects in disease-specific microenvironments were discussed to provide an overview of under which circumstances and on what bases the ADSC-based cell therapy was implemented. Providing an overview of the current status of ADSC-based cell therapy on MSDs can help to develop better and optimized strategies of ADSC-based therapeutics for MSDs as well as help to find novel clinical applications of ADSCs in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210-701, Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.K.)
| | - Dong-Sik Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210-701, Korea;
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210-701, Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.K.)
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210-701, Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.K.)
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210-701, Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.K.)
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210-701, Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.K.)
- Correspondence: (I.-K.K.); (K.-C.H.); Fax: +82-32-290-2774 (K.-C.H.)
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 210-701, Korea; (S.L.); (B.-W.S.); (S.L.); (S.W.K.)
- Correspondence: (I.-K.K.); (K.-C.H.); Fax: +82-32-290-2774 (K.-C.H.)
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Kim IK, Park JH, Kim B, Hwang KC, Song BW. Recent advances in stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative disease: Three dimensional tracing and its emerging use. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1215-1230. [PMID: 34630859 PMCID: PMC8474717 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i9.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease is a brain disorder caused by the loss of structure and function of neurons that lowers the quality of human life. Apart from the limited potential for endogenous regeneration, stem cell-based therapies hold considerable promise for maintaining homeostatic tissue regeneration and enhancing plasticity. Despite many studies, there remains insufficient evidence for stem cell tracing and its correlation with endogenous neural cells in brain tissue with three-dimensional structures. Recent advancements in tissue optical clearing techniques have been developed to overcome the existing shortcomings of cross-sectional tissue analysis in thick and complex tissues. This review focuses on recent progress of stem cell treatments to improve neurodegenerative disease, and introduces tissue optical clearing techniques that can implement a three-dimensional image as a proof of concept. This review provides a more comprehensive understanding of stem cell tracing that will play an important role in evaluating therapeutic efficacy and cellular interrelationship for regeneration in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Kwon Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, South Korea
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangwon-do 25601, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hee Park
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, South Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, South Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, South Korea
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangwon-do 25601, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, South Korea
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangwon-do 25601, South Korea.
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Hossain MA, Adithan A, Alam MJ, Kopalli SR, Kim B, Kang CW, Hwang KC, Kim JH. IGF-1 Facilitates Cartilage Reconstruction by Regulating PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and NF-kB Signaling in Rabbit Osteoarthritis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:3555-3568. [PMID: 34335042 PMCID: PMC8318731 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s316756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by joint degeneration. The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of OA by stimulation of specific signaling pathways like NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and MAPKs pathways. The catabolic role of growth factors in the OA may be inhibited cytokine-activated pathogen. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on IL-1β-induced apoptosis in rabbit chondrocytes in vitro and in an in vivo rabbit knee OA model. Methods In the present study, the OA developed in chondrocyte with the treatment of IL-1β and articular cartilage ruptures by removal of cartilage from the rabbit knee femoral condyle. After IGF-1 treatment, immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were identified OA expression with changes in MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases). The production of ROS (intracellular reactive oxygen species) in the OA was detected by flow cytometry. Further, the disease progression was microscopically investigated and pathophysiological changes were analyzed using histology. The NF-κB, PI3K/Akt and P38 (MAPK) specific pathways that are associated with disease progression were also checked using the Western blot technique. Results The expression of MMPs and various apoptotic markers are down-regulated following administration of IGF-1 in a dose-dependent fashion while significantly up-regulation of TIMP-1. The results showed that higher levels of ROS were observed upon treatment of chondrocytes and chondral OA with IL-1β. Collectively, our results indicated that IGF-1 protected NF-κB pathway by suppression of PI3K/Akt and MAPKs specific pathways. Furthermore, the macroscopic and pathological investigation showed that it has a chondroprotective effect by the formation of hyaline cartilage. Conclusion Our results indicate a protective effect of IGF-1 against OA pathogenesis by inhibition of NF-κB signaling via regulation of the MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and prevention of apoptosis by suppression of ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Aravinthan Adithan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Won Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
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Kim KW, Kim SW, Lim S, Yoo KJ, Hwang KC, Lee S. Neutralization of hexokinase 2-targeting miRNA attenuates the oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 78:57-68. [PMID: 33523042 DOI: 10.3233/ch-200924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is a metabolic sensor that couples glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria by binding to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), and it also has been implicated in induction of apoptotic process by regulating the integrity of OMM. When HK2 detaches from the mitochondria, it triggers permeability increase of the OMM and subsequently facilitates the cytosolic release of cytochrome c, a major apoptosis-inducing factor. According to previous studies, a harsh microenvironment created by ischemic heart disease such as low tissue oxygen and nutrients, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Under these conditions, the expression of HK2 in heart significantly decrease and such down-regulation of HK2 was correlated to the increased apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Therefore, prevention of HK2 down-regulation may salvage cardiomyocytes from apoptosis. MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that either inhibit transcription of target mRNAs or degrade the targeted mRNAs via complementary binding to the 3'UTR (untranslated region) of the targeted mRNAs. Since miRNAs are known to be involved in virtually every biological processes, it is reasonable to assume that the expression of HK2 is also regulated by miRNAs. Currently, to my best knowledge, there is no previous study examined the miRNA-mediated regulation of HK2 in cardiomyocytes. Thus, in the present study, miRNA-mediated modulation of HK2 during ROS (H2O2)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis was investigated. First, the expression of HK2 in cardiomyocytes exposed to H2O2 was evaluated. H2O2 (500 μM) induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and it also decreased the mitochondrial expression of HK2. Based on miRNA-target prediction databases and empirical data, miR-181a was identified as a HK2-targeting miRNA. To further examine the effect of negative regulation of the selected HK2-targeting miRNA on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, anti-miR-181a, which neutralizes endogenous miR-181a, was utilized. Delivery of anti-miR-181a significantly abrogated the H2O2-induced suppression of HK2 expression and subsequent disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, improving the survival of cardiomyocytes exposed to H2O2. These findings suggest that miR-181a-mediated down-regulation of HK2 contributes to the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes exposed to ROS. Neutralizing miR-181a can be a viable and effective means to prevent cardiomyocyte from apoptosis in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Wook Kim
- Department of Medicine, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Pangyo, South Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Jong Yoo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, South Korea
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9
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Choi JW, Lim S, Kang JH, Hwang SH, Hwang KC, Kim SW, Lee S. Proteome Analysis of Human Natural Killer Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Identification of Anticancer Effectors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215216. [PMID: 33182448 PMCID: PMC7664935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a clinically validated therapeutic modality for cancer and has been rapidly advancing in recent years. Adoptive transfer of immune cells such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells has emerged as a viable method of controlling the immune system against cancer. Recent evidence indicates that even immune-cell-released vesicles such as NK-cell-derived exosomes also exert anticancer effect. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, the anticancer potential of isolated extracellular vesicles (EVs) from expanded and activated NK-cell-enriched lymphocytes (NKLs) prepared by house-developed protocol was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, isolated EVs were characterized by using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE)-based proteome and network analysis, and functional study using identified factors was performed. Our data indicated that the EVs from expanded and active NKLs had anticancer properties, and a number of molecules, such as Fas ligand, TRAIL, NKG2D, β-actin, and fibrinogen, were identified as effector candidates based on the proteome analysis and functional study. The results of the present study suggest the possibility of NK-cell-derived EVs as a viable immunotherapeutic strategy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
| | - Jung Hwa Kang
- IMMUNISBIO Co. Ltd., B2F MTP Mall, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Korea; (J.H.K.); (S.H.H.)
| | - Sung Hwan Hwang
- IMMUNISBIO Co. Ltd., B2F MTP Mall, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Korea; (J.H.K.); (S.H.H.)
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
- Correspondence: (S.W.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Korea; (J.-W.C.); (S.L.); (K.-C.H.)
- Correspondence: (S.W.K.); (S.L.)
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10
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Hwang KC, Choi YK, Jeong YI, Park KB, Choi EJ, Jeong YW, Hossein MS, Hyun SH, Jeung EB, Hwang WS. Demetylation of the sex-determining region Y gene promoter and incidence of disorder of sex development in cloned dog males. J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 71. [PMID: 32991314 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2020.3.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Canine cloning is occasionally accompanied by abnormal sexual development. Some male donor cells produce cloned pups with female external genitalia and complete male gonadal dysgenesis, which is classified as an XY disorder of sex development (XY DSD). In this study, we examine the potential of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, to reduce the phenotypic abnormality XY DSD in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)- derived pups. We used a 9-year-old normal male German Shepherd dog as a cell donor. Donor cells were treated with 10 nM 5-aza-dC for 4 days before being used for SCNT. At the same stage of cell development, significantly lower levels of DNA methylation of the sex-determining region Y (SRY) promoter was observed in the treated donor cells compared to that in the untreated cells (95.2% versus 53.3% on day 4 for the control and treated groups, respectively). No significant differences were observed in the control or treatment groups concerning fusion rate, pregnancy rate (30 days or entire period), the number of pups, or the incidence of XY DSD. However, more XY DSD dogs were observed in the control group (31.25%) than in the treatment group (14.29%). Hypermethylation of the SRY promoter was observed in the XY DSD cloned pups in both the treatment (84.8%) and control groups (91.1 ± 1.4%) compared to the methylation level in the phenotypically normal male pups of the treatment (23.2 ± 20.9%) and control groups (39.1 ± 20.1%). These results suggest that 5-aza-dC treatment of donor cells can reduce the methylation level of the SRY promoter in donor cells, and thus, 5-aza-dC is advantageous for reducing the incidence of XY DSD in canine cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Hwang
- Abu Dhabi Biotech Research Foundation, Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y K Choi
- Abu Dhabi Biotech Research Foundation, Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y I Jeong
- Abu Dhabi Biotech Research Foundation, Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K B Park
- Abu Dhabi Biotech Research Foundation, Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Choi
- Abu Dhabi Biotech Research Foundation, Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y W Jeong
- Abu Dhabi Biotech Research Foundation, Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Hossein
- Abu Dhabi Biotech Research Foundation, Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Hyun
- Abu Dhabi Biotech Research Foundation, Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - E-B Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - W S Hwang
- Abu Dhabi Biotech Research Foundation, Kyungin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke often causes residual hemiparesis, and upper extremity motor impairment is usually more disabling than lower extremity in those who are suffering from post-stroke hemiparesis. Cell therapy is one of the promising therapies to reduce post-stroke disability. PATIENT CONCERNS Three male participants were included in the study to investigate the feasibility and tolerability of autologous adipose tissue derived stromal vascular fraction. DIAGNOSIS All participants had hemiparesis after 1st-ever stroke longer than 6 months previously. INTERVENTIONS Under general anesthesia, liposuction of abdominal subcutaneous fat was performed. Stromal vascular fraction freshly isolated from the adipose tissue extract was injected into the muscles of paretic upper extremity. All participants received inpatient stroke rehabilitation consisted of physical and occupational therapy more than 3 hours a day for 2 months or more. OUTCOMES The whole procedure did not produce any significant adverse event in all participants. Adipose tissue extracts yielded sufficient stromal cells. One participant showed clinically important change in upper extremity Fugl-Meyer assessment after the injection and it lasted up to 6 months. Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed concomitant increase in ipsilesional cortical activity. The other 2 participants did not show remarkable changes. LESSONS Intramuscular injection of autologous adipose tissue derived stromal vascular fraction seems to be a safe and tolerable procedure in subjects with chronic stroke, and its utility in rehabilitation needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon-Bum Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
| | | | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Cell Therapy Center
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | | | | | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
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12
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Kim N, Ullah I, Chung K, Lee D, Cha MJ, Ban H, Choi CS, Kim S, Hwang KC, Kumar P, Lee SK. Targeted Delivery of Recombinant Heat Shock Protein 27 to Cardiomyocytes Promotes Recovery from Myocardial Infarction. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2034-2043. [PMID: 32364395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease, especially myocardial infarction (MI), is the leading cause of death worldwide. Apoptotic mechanisms are thought to play a significant role in cardiomyocyte death after MI. Increased production of heat shock proteins (Hsps) in cardiomyocytes is a normal response to promote tolerance and to reduce cell damage. Hsp27 is considered to be a therapeutic option for the treatment of ischemic heart disease due to its protective effects on hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Despite its antiapoptotic effects, the lack of strategies to deliver Hsp27 to the heart tissue in vivo limits its clinical applicability. In this study, we utilized an antibody against the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor, which is expressed immediately after ischemia/reperfusion in the heart of MI rats. To achieve cardiomyocyte-targeted Hsp27 delivery after ischemia/reperfusion, we employed the immunoglobulin-binding dimer ZZ, a modified domain of protein A, in conjunction with the AT1 receptor antibody. Using the AT1 receptor antibody, we achieved systemic delivery of ZZ-TAT-GFP fusion protein into the heart of MI rats. This approach enabled selective delivery of Hsp27 to cardiomyocytes, rescued cells from apoptosis, reduced the area of fibrosis, and improved cardiac function in the rat MI model, thus suggesting its applicability as a cardiomyocyte-targeted protein delivery system to inhibit apoptosis induced by ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahyeon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Samsung Bioepis, Incheon 21987, Korea
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Kunho Chung
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Dahye Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Green Cross Cell Co., Yongin 16924, Korea
| | - Min-Ji Cha
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea
| | - Hongseok Ban
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Ildong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 445-710, Korea
| | - Chang Seon Choi
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Sunghwa Kim
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,LG Household & Health Care, Seoul 150-721, Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea
| | - Priti Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Sang-Kyung Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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13
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Song BW, Park JH, Kim B, Lee S, Lim S, Kim SW, Choi JW, Lee J, Kang M, Hwang KC, Chae DS, Kim IK. A Combinational Therapy of Articular Cartilage Defects: Rapid and Effective Regeneration by Using Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound After Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Transplantation. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:313-322. [PMID: 32274698 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although low-intensity pulsed ultrasound has been reported to be potential cartilage regeneration, there still unresolved treatment due to cartilage fibrosis and degeneration by a lack of rapid and high-efficiency treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a combination therapy of focused acoustic force and stem cells at site for fast and efficient healing on cartilage regeneration. METHODS Using a rat articular cartilage defects model, one million adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) were injected into the defect site, and low-intensity focused ultrasound (LOFUS) in the range of 100-600 mV was used for 20 min/day for 2 weeks. All experimental groups were sacrificed after 4 weeks in total. The gross appearance score and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Alcian blue, and Safranin O staining were used for measuring the chondrogenic potential. The cartilage characteristics were observed, and type II collagen, Sox 9, aggrecan, and type X collagen were stained with immunofluorescence. The results of the comprehensive analysis were calculated using the Mankin scoring method. RESULTS The gross appearance scores of regenerated cartilage and chondrocyte-like cells in H&E images were higher in LOFUS-treated groups compared to those in negative control or ASC-treated groups. Safranin O and Alcian blue staining demonstrated that the 100 and 300 mV LOFUS groups showed greater synthesis of glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan. The ASC + LOFUS 300 mV group showed positive regulation of type II collagen, Sox 9 and aggrecan and negative regulation of type X collagen, which indicated the occurrence of cartilage regeneration based on the Mankin score result. CONCLUSION The combination therapy, which involved treatment with ASC and 300 mV LOFUS, quickly and effectively reduced articular cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Wook Song
- Department of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hee Park
- International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, 25, Simgok-ro 100beon-gil, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, 25, Simgok-ro 100beon-gil, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, 25, Simgok-ro 100beon-gil, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Biomedical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, 25, Simgok-ro 100beon-gil, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Biomedical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, 25, Simgok-ro 100beon-gil, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Biomedical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Biomedical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Institute for Biomedical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Kang
- Institute for Biomedical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, 25, Simgok-ro 100beon-gil, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Biomedical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sik Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 25, Simgok-ro 100beon-gil, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, Republic of Korea.
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, 25, Simgok-ro 100beon-gil, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, Republic of Korea. .,Institute for Biomedical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Jung SE, Choi JW, Moon H, Oh S, Lim S, Lee S, Kim SW, Hwang KC. Small G protein signaling modulator 3 (SGSM3) knockdown attenuates apoptosis and cardiogenic differentiation in rat mesenchymal stem cells exposed to hypoxia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231272. [PMID: 32271805 PMCID: PMC7145021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Connexin 43 (Cx43) may be important in cell death and survival due to cell-to-cell communication-independent mechanisms. In our previous study, we found that small G protein signaling modulator 3 (SGSM3), a partner of Cx43, contributes to myocardial infarction (MI) in rat hearts. Based on these previous results, we hypothesized that SGSM3 could also play a role in bone marrow-derived rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which differentiate into cardiomyocytes and/or cells with comparable phenotypes under low oxygen conditions. Cx43 and Cx43-related factor expression profiles were compared between normoxic and hypoxic conditions according to exposure time, and Sgsm3 gene knockdown (KD) using siRNA transfection was performed to validate the interaction between SGSM3 and Cx43 and to determine the roles of SGSM3 in rat MSCs. We identified that SGSM3 interacts with Cx43 in MSCs under different oxygen conditions and that Sgsm3 knockdown inhibits apoptosis and cardiomyocyte differentiation under hypoxic stress. SGSM3/Sgsm3 probably has an effect on MSC survival and thus therapeutic potential in diseased hearts, but SGSM3 may worsen the development of MSC-based therapeutic approaches in regenerative medicine. This study was performed to help us better understand the mechanisms involved in the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, as well as provide data that could be used pharmacologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Eun Jung
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbyeol Moon
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sena Oh
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea
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15
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Lee J, Lee CY, Park JH, Seo HH, Shin S, Song BW, Kim IK, Kim SW, Lee S, Park JC, Lim S, Hwang KC. Differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into functional chondrocytes by a small molecule that induces Sox9. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:672-681. [PMID: 32313200 PMCID: PMC7210883 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0424-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease that results from the disintegration of joint cartilage and the underlying bone. Because cartilage and chondrocytes lack the ability to self-regenerate, efforts have been made to utilize stem cells to treat OA. Although various methods have been used to differentiate stem cells into functional chondrocytes, the currently available methods cannot induce stem cells to undergo differentiation into chondrocyte-like cells without inducing characteristics of hypertrophic chondrocytes, which finally lead to cartilage disintegration and calcification. Therefore, an optimized method to differentiate stem cells into chondrocytes that do not display undesired phenotypes is needed. This study focused on differentiating adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) into functional chondrocytes using a small molecule that regulated the expression of Sox9 as a key factor in cartilage development and then explored its ability to treat OA. We selected ellipticine (ELPC), which induces chondrocyte differentiation of ASCs, using a GFP-Sox9 promoter vector screening system. An in vivo study was performed to confirm the recovery rate of cartilage regeneration with ASC differentiation into chondrocytes by ELPC in a collagenase-induced animal model of OA. Taken together, these data indicate that ellipticine induces ASCs to differentiate into mature chondrocytes without hypertrophic chondrocytes in vitro and in vivo, thus overcoming a problem encountered in previous studies. These results indicate that ELPC is a novel chondrocyte differentiation-inducing drug that shows potential as a cell therapy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hee Park
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhye Shin
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chul Park
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Adithan A, John Peter JS, Mohammad AH, Kim B, Kang CW, Kim NS, Hwang KC, Kim JH. A gastric cancer cell derived extracellular compounds suppresses CD161 +CD3 - lymphocytes and aggravates tumor formation in a syngeneic mouse model. Mol Immunol 2020; 120:136-145. [PMID: 32120181 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Evasion of the immune system is often associated with malignant tumors. The cancer cell microenvironment plays an important role in tumor progression, but its mechanism is largely unknown. Here we show that an extracellular compound derived from gastric cancer (GC-EC) selectively suppresses CD161+CD3- natural killer (NK) cells. Splenocytes treated with GC-EC showed considerable proliferation and the CD161+CD3- NK cell population was time-dependently suppressed. Intracellular staining of IFN-γ was shown to be down-regulated in concert with granzyme B and perforin. A cytotoxicity assay of splenocytes treated with GC-EC against K-562 cells showed a significant reduction in cytolytic activity. Further, the immune-suppressive effect of GC-EC was more evident in a syngeneic tumor model in C57BL/6 mice. Animals treated with B16 F10 and GC-EC exhibited more aggravated tumor formation than animals treated with B16 F10 only. We demonstrated that inhibition of apoptosis while increasing PI3 K/AKT levels may provoke tumor formation by GC-EC. A cytokine array revealed the presence of several cytokines in GC-EC that negatively regulate immune cytolytic activity and could be potential candidates for immune-suppressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravinthan Adithan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Judith Sharmila John Peter
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Amjad Hossain Mohammad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Won Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Soo Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea.
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Aravinthan A, Hossain MA, Kim B, Kang CW, Kim NS, Hwang KC, Kim JH. Ginsenoside Rb 1 inhibits monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in postmenopausal rats through prevention of cartilage degradation. J Ginseng Res 2020; 45:287-294. [PMID: 33841009 PMCID: PMC8020294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), one of the major active compounds in Panax ginseng, has already been shown to reduce inflammation in various diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) has traditionally been considered a degenerative disease with degradation of joint articular cartilage. However, recent studies have shown the association of inflammation with OA. In the present study, we investigated whether Rb1 had an antiinflammatory effect on monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA in ovariectomized rats as a model of postmenopausal arthritis. Methods G-Rb1 at a dosage of 3 and 10 μg/kg body weight was administered every 3 days intraarticularly for a period of 4 weeks to observe antiarthritic effects. Diclofenac (10 mg/kg) served as a positive control. Results The administration of Rb1 significantly ameliorated OA inflammatory symptoms and reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, G-Rb1 administration considerably enhanced the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and collagen 2A and reduced the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-13 genes, indicating a chondroprotective effect of G-Rb1. G-Rb1 also significantly reduced the expression of several inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (interferon gamma (IFN-γ), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)/CCL-2, interleukin [IL]-1β, and IL-6). Histological analysis demonstrated that G-Rb1 significantly attenuated the pathological changes in MIA-induced OA in ovariectomized rats. Safranin O and toluidine blue staining further demonstrated that G-Rb1 effectively prevented the degradation of cartilage and glycosaminoglycans, respectively. Conclusion Overall, our results suggest that G-Rb1 exerts cartilage protective effect on MIA-induced ovariectomized OA rats, by inhibiting inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1/CCL-2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). These results shed a light on possible therapeutic application of G-Rb1 in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithan Aravinthan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Won Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Soo Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
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18
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Kim YJ, Jeong S, Jung WY, Choi JW, Hwang KC, Kim SW, Lee YC. miRNAs as potential biomarkers for the progression of gastric cancer inhibit CREBZF and regulate migration of gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:693-701. [PMID: 32218690 PMCID: PMC7085260 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.42654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we identified three miRNAs (hsa-miR-421, hsa-miR-29b-1-5p, and hsa-miR-27b-5p) with two mRNAs (FBXO11 and CREBZF) that might play an important role in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) from premalignant adenomas. However, the expression and function of these miRNAs have not been not well characterized. We investigated the roles of CREBZF and miRNAs as potential biomarkers for the progression of gastric cancer (GC) in low-/high-grade dysplasia and early gastric cancer patients using immunohistochemical staining and miRNA in situ hybridization. Considering that targets can modulate in GC, we analyzed the CREBZF expression in gastric cancer cell lines by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. We observed lower expression of CREBZF with increasing miRNAs in the MKN-74 gastric cancer cells compared to that in SNU-NCC-19. Next, the role of CREBZF in MKN-74 gastric cancer cells was investigated via cell viability and migration assays by miRNA/anti-miRNA modulation. Furthermore, we found that hsa-miR-421/hsa-miR-29b-1-5p target CREBZF and might play an important role in the migration of MKN-74 cells. This study suggests that increased CREBZF by hsa-miR-421/hsa-miR-29b-1-5p inhibition may be important to prevent the progression of gastric cancer in its early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred-Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul Korea.,Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongtae Jeong
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Yong Jung
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Kyoungchun-ro 153, Guri-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chan Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee CY, Lee J, Seo HH, Shin S, Kim SW, Lee S, Lim S, Hwang KC. TAK733 attenuates adrenergic receptor-mediated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via inhibiting ErkThr188 phosphorylation. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 72:179-187. [PMID: 30714951 DOI: 10.3233/ch-180476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is an important risk factor for heart failure. The MEK-ERK axis has been reported as a major regulator in controlling cardiac hypertrophy. TAK733 is a potent and selective MEK inhibitor that suppresses cell growth in a broad range of cell lines. OBJECTIVE Therefore, we aimed to investigate the anti-hypertrophic effect of TAK733 in cardiomyocytes. METHODS Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was induced with norepinephrine (NE) or phenylepinephrine (PE) using H9c2 cells. To confirm the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cell size and protein synthesis were measured and hypertrophy-related gene expression was estimated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. To identify the signaling pathway involved, immunoblot analysis were performed. RESULTS We observed that NE activated MEK-ERK signaling and increased ANP and BNP expression, resulting in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. TAK733 significantly reduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by regulating NE-induced ERK1/2 and ERKThr188 activation, hypertrophy marker expression, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through depression of MEK activity. In addition, we examined that PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was also attenuated by TAK733. CONCLUSIONS Here, we report that TAK733 suppressed NE- or PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by repressing a crucial component of cardiac hypertrophy-related pathways. These results suggest that TAK733 may be a useful therapeutics for cardiac hypertrophy and warrants further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhye Shin
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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Thangavelu M, Adithan A, John Peter JS, Hossain MA, Kim NS, Hwang KC, Khang G, Kim JH. Ginseng compound K incorporated porous Chitosan/biphasic calcium phosphate composite microsphere for bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 146:1024-1029. [PMID: 31726141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
There is a substantial for the bone graft materials in the clinical field. Porous, stable and biodegradable bone microsphere scaffold using biopolymer chitosan was studied, and biphasic calcium phosphate was added to improve mechanical and osteoconductivity properties later ginseng compound K was added for improving its medicinal properties. They were characterized using FTIR and XRD that showed the apatite crystal in the composite microsphere scaffolds were structurally similar to that of biogenic apatite crystals. Scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite on the surface of the composite microspheres. In vitro results infers that the composite microspheres are biocompatible with NIH 3T3 and MG63 cells and capable of supporting growth and spreading of MG-63 cells. Further, Osteogenic markers expression was found to be higher in rat bone marrow stem cells seeded on microsphere scaffolds compared to control. The prepared biocomposite porous microsphere scaffold developed in this study can be used as an alternative for the bone regeneration or bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumar Thangavelu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Aravinthan Adithan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Judith Sharmila John Peter
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Soo Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
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Adithan A, John Peter JS, Hossain MA, Kang CW, Kim B, Kim NS, Hwang KC, Kim JH. Biological effects of cyclosporin A on CD3 -CD161 + and CD3 +CD161 + lymphocytes. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 458:159-169. [PMID: 31020492 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03539-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CSA) is a widely used drug to prevent the immune cell function. It is well known that CSA blocks transcription of cytokine genes in activated T cells. The connection between T cells and CSA has been well established. However, the effect of CSA on natural killer (NK) cells is not thoroughly understood. Therefore, in the present study, splenocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated with CSA in the presence of concanavalin A (Con A) or interleukin-2 (IL-2). CSA at higher concentrations induces apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation, while lower concentrations showed synergistically enhanced proliferation in splenocytes and PBMCs. Further, CSA favored the in vitro conversion of CD3+CD161+ cells. Splenocytes and PBMC were found to have synergistic proliferation with Con A, and PBMC exhibited significantly higher expression of NKp30, NKp44, and granzyme B along with enhanced cytotoxicity against K-562 cells in CSA-treated animals. Proliferation assay also showed that proliferation of CD161+ cells was higher in CSA-treated animals. Collectively, our results suggest that CSA differentially influences the population, function, and expression of the NK cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravinthan Adithan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Judith Sharmila John Peter
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Won Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Soo Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea.
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Chae DS, Lee CY, Lee J, Seo HH, Choi CH, Lee S, Hwang KC. Priming stem cells with protein kinase C activator enhances early stem cell-chondrocyte interaction by increasing adhesion molecules. Biol Res 2018; 51:41. [PMID: 30384862 PMCID: PMC6211543 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-018-0191-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) can be defined as degradation of articular cartilage of the joint, and is the most common degenerative disease. To regenerate the damaged cartilage, different experimental approaches including stem cell therapy have been tried. One of the major limitations of stem cell therapy is the poor post-transplantation survival of the stem cells. Anoikis, where insufficient matrix support and adhesion to extracellular matrix causes apoptotic cell death, is one of the main causes of the low post-transplantation survival rate of stem cells. Therefore, enhancing the initial interaction of the transplanted stem cells with chondrocytes could improve the therapeutic efficacy of stem cell therapy for OA. Previously, protein kinase C activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced increase of mesenchymal stem cell adhesion via activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been reported. In the present study, we examine the effect PMA on the adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) adhesion and spreading to culture substrates, and further on the initial interaction between ADSC and chondrocytes. RESULTS PMA treatment increased the initial adhesion of ADSC to culture substrate and cellular spreading with increased expression of adhesion molecules, such as FAK, vinculin, talin, and paxillin, at both RNA and protein level. Priming of ADSC with PMA increased the number of ADSCs attached to confluent layer of cultured chondrocytes compared to that of untreated ADSCs at early time point (4 h after seeding). CONCLUSION Taken together, the results of this study suggest that priming ADSCs with PMA can increase the initial interaction with chondrocytes, and this proof of concept can be used to develop a non-invasive therapeutic approach for treating OA. It may also accelerate the regeneration process so that it can relieve the accompanied pain faster in OA patients. Further in vivo studies examining the therapeutic effect of PMA pretreatment of ADSCs for articular cartilage damage are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sik Chae
- Department of Medicine, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chong-Hyuk Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
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Shin S, Choi JW, Lim S, Lee S, Jun EY, Sun HM, Kim IK, Lee HB, Kim SW, Hwang KC. Anti-apoptotic effects of adipose-derived adherent stromal cells in mesenchymal stem cells exposed to oxidative stress. Cell Biochem Funct 2018; 36:263-272. [PMID: 29920999 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) are a heterogeneous collection of cells, and their regenerative modality has been applied in various animal experiments and clinical trials. Despite the attractive advantages of SVFs in clinical interventions, the recent status of clinical studies involving the application of SVFs in many diseases has not been fully evaluated. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types despite their low numbers in heart tissue. Here, we sought to determine if SVF implantation into impaired heart tissue affected endogenous MSCs in the heart. Therefore, we investigated the expression levels of proteins associated with oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis in MSCs co-cultured with adipose-derived adherent stromal cells (ADASs) from 6 donors' SVFs under oxidative stress conditions for their roles in many physiological processes in the heart. Interestingly, p53 pathway proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway components were up-regulated by H2 O2 but exhibited a downward trend in MSCs co-cultured with ADASs. These data suggest that ADASs may inhibit oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in MSCs via the p53 and MAPK pathways. Our findings also suggest that the positive effects of SVF implantation into damaged heart tissue may be attributed to the various responses of MSCs. This finding may provide new insights for the clinical application of adipose-derived SVF transplantation in cardiac diseases. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY We investigated the expression levels of proteins associated with oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis in MSCs co-cultured with isolated ADASs from 6 donors' SVFs under oxidative stress conditions. Our results imply that isolated ADASs from SVFs may inhibit oxidative stress-induced cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis in MSCs via a p53-dependent pathway. Furthermore, we identified an anti-apoptotic mechanism involving oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by adipose-derived ADASs in MSCs for the first time. Our findings suggest that the positive effects of SVF implantation into damaged heart tissue may be attributed to the various actions of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhye Shin
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Department of Health and Environment, College of Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Jun
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Min Sun
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon-Bum Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Lee SY, Lee S, Choi E, Ham O, Lee CY, Lee J, Seo HH, Cha MJ, Mun B, Lee Y, Yoon C, Hwang KC. Corrigendum: Small molecule-mediated up-regulation of microRNA targeting a key cell death modulator BNIP3 improves cardiac function following ischemic injury. Sci Rep 2018; 8:46973. [PMID: 29769745 PMCID: PMC5956235 DOI: 10.1038/srep46973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Lee J, Lee CY, Seo HH, Bazarragchaa B, Batdelger G, Choi S, Hwang KC, Lee S, Lim S. Extract of Oxytropis pseudoglandulosa inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration via suppression of ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways1. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 69:277-287. [PMID: 29660921 DOI: 10.3233/ch-189126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration accelerate the development of occlusive vascular disease. Therefore, finding a means to control the aberrant proliferation and migration of VSMCs has own clinical significance. In the present study, we examined the feasibility of using extract from medicinal plant Oxytropis pseudoglandulosa (OG) to control pathologic proliferation and migration of VSMCs, which never have been tested. Our data indicate that the extract of OG significantly suppressed proliferation and migration of VSMCs without cytotoxic effect, suggesting the OG extract may be an alternative agent to effectively control the aberrant VSMC proliferation and migration without any serious adverse effect. These data suggest that the extract of OG may be a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of occlusive vascular disease and warrant further studies to identify the major acting ingredient and to validate in vivo efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Gantuya Batdelger
- Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MAS), Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Sangho Choi
- International Biological Material Research Center (IBMRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea
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Joo HC, Choi JW, Moon H, Lee CY, Yoo KJ, Kim SW, Hwang KC. Protective effects of kenpaullone on cardiomyocytes following H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress are attributed to inhibition of connexin 43 degradation by SGSM3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:368-373. [PMID: 29577900 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A previous study showed that small G protein signaling modulator 3 (SGSM3) was highly correlated with Cx43 in heart functions and that high levels of SGSM3 may induce Cx43 turnover through lysosomal degradation in infarcted rat hearts. Here, we investigated the protective effects of kenpaullone on cardiomyocytes following H2O2-induced oxidative stress mediated by the interaction of SGSM3 with Cx43. We found that the gap junction protein Cx43 was significantly down-regulated in an H2O2 concentration-dependent manner, whereas expression of SGSM3 was up-regulated upon H2O2 exposure in H9c2 cells. The effect of kenpaullone pretreatment on H2O2-induced cytotoxicity was evaluated in H9c2 cells. H2O2 markedly increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), while kenpaullone pretreatment suppressed LDH release in H9c2 cells. Moreover, kenpaullone pretreatment significantly reduced ROS fluorescence intensity and significantly down-regulated the level of apoptosis-activating genes (cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and cytochrome C), autophagy markers (LC3A/B), and the Cx43-interacting partner SGSM3. These results suggest that kenpaullone plays a role in protecting cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress and that the turnover of Cx43 through SGSM3-induced lysosomal degradation underlies the anti-apoptotic effect of kenpaullone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Chel Joo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbyeol Moon
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jong Yoo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 210-701, Republic of Korea; Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 210-701, Republic of Korea; Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea.
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Hwang KC. Modification of mesenchymal stem cells for clinical application. Biomed Res 2018. [DOI: 10.4066/biomedicalresearch-c8-022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kim YJ, Hwang KC, Kim SW, Lee YC. Potential miRNA-target interactions for the screening of gastric carcinoma development in gastric adenoma/dysplasia. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:610-616. [PMID: 29725252 PMCID: PMC5930463 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although miRNA markers have been identified for the pathological development of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), the underlying molecule mechanism are still not fully understood. Moreover, some gastric adenoma/dysplasia may progress to GAC. In this study, the miRNA expression profiles in normal and paired low-/high-grade dysplasia were analyzed using Affymetrix Gene-Chip miRNA arrays. Of the total 2578 mature miRNA probe sets, ~1600 showed positive signals when the between normal and paired low-/high-grade dysplasia were compared. To verify the miRNA expression, qRT-PCR analysis was performed to quantify the expression of altered miRNAs between normal and paired low-/high-grade dysplasia. The analysis revealed that hsa-miR-421, hsa-miR-29b-1-5p, and hsa-miR-27b-5p were overexpressed in gastric low-/high-grade dysplasia and that based on these miRNA-target interactions, FBXO11 and CREBZF could be considered convincing markers for gastric cancer (GC) progression. Thus, we identified three miRNAs (hsa-miR-421, hsa-miR-29b-1-5p, and hsa-miR-27b-5p) with two mRNAs (FBXO11 and CREBZF) that might play an important role in the GC development from premalignant adenomas. Furthermore, these two target mRNAs and three miRNAs were predicted to be potential biomarkers for the progression of GC by miRNA-target interaction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea.,Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chan Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Choi JW, Shin S, Lee CY, Lee J, Seo HH, Lim S, Lee S, Kim IK, Lee HB, Kim SW, Hwang KC. Rapid Induction of Osteogenic Markers in Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 44:53-65. [PMID: 29131029 DOI: 10.1159/000484582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells are a mixed cell population, and their regenerative capacity has been validated in various therapeutic models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regenerative mechanisms utilized by implanted SVF cells. Using an in vitro co-culture system, we sought to determine whether SVF implantation into impaired tissue affects endogenous mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation; MSCs can differentiate into a variety of cell types, and they have a strong regenerative capacity despite their low numbers in impaired tissue. METHODS Adipose-derived SVF cells obtained from four donors were co-cultured with bone marrow-derived MSCs, and the differential expression of osteogenic markers and osteogenic differentiation inducers over time was analyzed in mono-cultured MSCs and MSCs co-cultured with SVF cells. RESULTS The co-cultivation of MSCs with SVF cells significantly and mutually induced the expression of osteogenic-specific markers via paracrine and/or autocrine regulation but did not induce adipocyte, chondrocyte or myoblast marker expression. More surprisingly, subsequent osteogenesis and/or comparable effects were rapidly induced within 48 h. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which osteogenesis and/or comparable effects were rapidly induced in bone marrow-derived MSCs and adipose-derived SVF cells through co-cultivation. Our findings suggest that the positive effects of SVF implantation into impaired bone may be attributed to the rapid induction of MSC osteogenesis, and the transplantation of co-cultured and preconditioned SVF cells and/or MSCs may be more effective than the transplantation of untreated cells for the treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health and Environment, College of Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhye Shin
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon-Bum Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Kim SW, Choi JW, Lee CY, Lee J, Shin S, Lim S, Lee S, Kim IK, Lee HB, Hwang KC. Effects of donor age on human adipose-derived adherent stromal cells under oxidative stress conditions. J Int Med Res 2017; 46:951-964. [PMID: 28984178 PMCID: PMC5972239 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517731684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) are heterogeneous complex populations of cells with therapeutic efficacy for tissue generation and vascular stabilization. SVFs have cardiomyogenic potential, and many researchers have examined the possibility of SVF transplantation for heart disease. In cell-based therapies, donor age affects the regenerative capability, cell yield, and differentiation potential of adult tissues; however, opposing or controversial results have been found in humans. We examined whether SVF transplantation into impaired heart tissue shows differential effects according to donor age. Methods We investigated differences in protein expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) co-cultured with adipose-derived adherent stromal cells (ADASs) from donors of different ages [>40-year-olds (40s group) and >60-year-olds (60s group)] under oxidative stress conditions. Results Although co-culturing HUVECs with ADASs ameliorated inflammation due to increased oxidative stress conditions, few differences were observed between the ADASs from the 40s and 60s groups. Moreover, the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery classification tool revealed differentially expressed genes in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway associated with cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction in response to ADASs. Conclusion Protein expression profiles were unchanged in HUVECs induced by isolated ADASs from donors of different ages under oxidative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Woo Kim
- 1 395886 Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital , Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea.,2 Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, 54671 College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University , Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- 2 Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, 54671 College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University , Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,3 Department of Health and Environment, College of Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- 4 Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- 5 Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, 37991 Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhye Shin
- 4 Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- 1 395886 Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital , Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea.,2 Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, 54671 College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University , Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- 1 395886 Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital , Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea.,2 Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, 54671 College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University , Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- 2 Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, 54671 College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University , Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,6 Cell Therapy Center, 395886 Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital , Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon-Bum Lee
- 7 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 395886 Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital , Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- 1 395886 Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital , Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea.,2 Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, 54671 College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University , Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Lee S, Lee CY, Seo HH, Shin S, Choi JW, Kim SW, Park JC, Lim S, Hwang KC. Adipose-derived stem cell-released osteoprotegerin protects cardiomyocytes from reactive oxygen species-induced cell death. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:195. [PMID: 28931423 PMCID: PMC5606035 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The paracrine effect is likely the major mechanism of the adipose-derived stem cell (ASC)-mediated cardioprotective effect. However, the exact composition and nature of ASC-released paracrine factors remain elusive. In the present study, we examined the effect of osteoprotegerin (OPG), a stem cell-released decoy receptor for death ligand, on the survival of cardiomyocytes exposed to oxidative stress. Methods The production of OPG from ASCs under oxidative stress was determined by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. The effects of OPG and the OPG-containing conditioned media of ASCs on the survival of cardiomyocytes were determined using a cell viability assay. Results Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) significantly increased OPG production from ASCs in vitro, and OPG production from the ASCs transplanted into the ischemia–reperfusion-injured heart was also observed. OPG significantly attenuated cardiomyocyte death in vitro. OPG-containing conditioned media of ASCs also significantly protected cardiomyocytes. Delivery of siRNA specific to OPG significantly decreased the OPG production of ASCs, and also offset the protective effect of the conditioned media of ASCs. Conclusions Our study strongly suggests that OPG is one of the prosurvival factors released from ASCs that may contribute to the ASC-mediated cardioprotection and calls for further studies to elucidate detailed underlying mechanisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0647-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seahyung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunhye Shin
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Department of Environmental Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Jong-Chul Park
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea.
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Lee CY, Choi JW, Shin S, Lee J, Seo HH, Lim S, Lee S, Joo HC, Kim SW, Hwang KC. Interaction of small G protein signaling modulator 3 with connexin 43 contributes to myocardial infarction in rat hearts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:429-435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lee SY, Lee CY, Ham O, Moon JY, Lee J, Seo HH, Shin S, Kim SW, Lee S, Lim S, Hwang KC. microRNA-133a attenuates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by targeting PKCδ and Gq. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 439:105-115. [PMID: 28795305 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, microRNAs have continuously been suggested as a promising therapeutic tool due to their beneficial effects, such as their multi-targets and multi-functions in pathologic conditions. As a pathologic phenotype is generally regulated by multiple signaling pathways, in this study we identified a microRNA regulating multiple target genes within cardiac hypertrophic signaling pathways. microRNA-133a is known to play a crucial role in cardiac hypertrophy. However, the role of microRNA-133a, which may regulate several signaling pathways in norepinephrine-induced cardiac hypertrophy via multi-targeting, has not been investigated. In the current study, we showed that microRNA-133a can protect cardiomyocyte hypertrophy against norepinephrine stimulation in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes via new targets, PKCδ and Gq, all of which are related to downstream signaling pathways of the α1-adrenergic receptor. Taken together, these results suggest the advantages of the therapeutic use of microRNAs as an effective potential drug regulating multiple signaling pathways under pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Yeon Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Onju Ham
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yoon Moon
- Department of Cardiology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeoggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhye Shin
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Seo HH, Lee SY, Lee CY, Kim R, Kim P, Oh S, Lee H, Lee MY, Kim J, Kim LK, Hwang KC, Chang W. Exogenous miRNA-146a Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Increasing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Secretion in the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Injured Heart. J Vasc Res 2017; 54:100-108. [DOI: 10.1159/000461596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Cho JR, Lee CY, Lee J, Seo HH, Choi E, Chung N, Kim SM, Hwang KC, Lee S. MicroRNA-761 inhibits Angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by targeting mammalian target of rapamycin. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 63:45-56. [PMID: 26444612 DOI: 10.3233/ch-151981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration are a major pathological phenomenon in vascular disease characterized by intimal thickening. The important role of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in VSMC proliferation has been previously reported. Consequently, down-regulation of mTOR pathway may be an effective way of controlling excessive VSMC proliferation. Since microRNAs (miRNA) are newly emerging regulators of virtually all the biological processes including cellular proliferation, miRNAs targeting mTOR pathway may be utilized to suppress aberrant VSMC proliferation during pathologic conditions. Thus, in the present study, we screened miRNAs targeting mTOR, and we identified miR-761 as a new mTOR targeting miRNA. Luciferase assay using luciferase vector containing 3'UTR of mTOR indicated that miR-761 directly targets mTOR mRNA leading to suppression of mTOR protein expression. Our data also indicate that miR-761 expression decreases during angiotensin II (AngII)-induced proliferation of VSMCs, and exogenous miR-761 delivery effectively inhibit the AngII-induced VSMC proliferation. Additionally, the results of migration tests demonstrate that down-regulation of mTOR using exogenous miR-761 suppresses AngII-induced migration of VSMCs as well. Taken together, the present study provided evidence that miR-761 can be a potent anti-proliferative agent for vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis, and warrants further studies to validate the effectiveness of miR-761 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Rae Cho
- Department of Medicine, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Cardiology Division, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunhyun Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
| | - Namsik Chung
- Department of Medicine, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Man Kim
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
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Seo HH, Kim SW, Lee CY, Lim KH, Lee J, Lim S, Lee S, Hwang KC. 7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-ylamine inhibits the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing ERK and Akt pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 798:35-42. [PMID: 28185804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration after vascular injury significantly contributes to the development of occlusive vascular disease. Therefore, inhibiting the proliferation and migration of VSMCs is a validated therapeutic modality for occlusive vascular disease such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. In the present study, we screened chemical compounds for their anti-proliferative effects on VSMCs using multiple approaches, such as MTT assays, wound healing assays, and trans-well migration assays. Our data indicate that 7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-ylamine, a lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck) inhibitor, significantly inhibited both VSMC proliferation and migration. 7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine suppresses VSMC proliferation and migration via down-regulating the protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, and it significantly decreased the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1 and, the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRb). Additionally, 7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-ylamine suppressed the migration of VSMCs from endothelium-removed aortic rings, as well as neointima formation following rat carotid balloon injury. The present study identified 7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine as a potent VSMC proliferation and migration inhibitor and warrants further studies to elucidate its more detailed molecular mechanisms, such as its primary target, and to further validate its in vivo efficacy as a therapeutic agent for pathologic vascular conditions, such as restenosis and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Hee Lim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-Do, Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.
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Seo HH, Kim SW, Lee CY, Lim KH, Lee J, Choi E, Lim S, Lee S, Hwang KC. A spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor attenuates the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Biol Res 2017; 50:1. [PMID: 28100269 PMCID: PMC5244549 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-016-0106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pathologic vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration after vascular injury promotes the development of occlusive vascular disease. Therefore, an effective chemical agent to suppress aberrant proliferation and migration of VSMCs can be a potential therapeutic modality for occlusive vascular disease such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. To find an anti-proliferative chemical agent for VSMCs, we screened an in-house small molecule library, and the selected small molecule was further validated for its anti-proliferative effect on VSMCs using multiple approaches, such as cell proliferation assays, wound healing assays, transwell migration assays, and ex vivo aortic ring assay. Results Among 43 initially screened small molecule inhibitors of kinases that have no known anti-proliferative effect on VSMCs, a spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor (BAY61-3606) showed significant anti-proliferative effect on VSMCs. Further experiments indicated that BAY61 attenuated the VSMC proliferation in both concentration- and time-dependent manner, and it also significantly suppressed the migration of VSMCs as assessed by both wound healing assays and transwell assays. Additionally, BAY61 suppressed the sprouting of VSMCs from endothelium-removed aortic rings. Conclusion The present study identified a Syk kinase inhibitor as a potent VSMC proliferation and migration inhibitor and warrants further studies to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms, such as its primary target, and to validate its in vivo efficacy as a therapeutic agent for restenosis and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Hee Lim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-Do, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunhyun Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
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Yoon DH, Han C, Fang Y, Gundeti S, Han Lee IS, Song WO, Hwang KC, Kim TW, Sung GH, Park H. Inhibitory Activity ofCordyceps bassianaExtract on LPS-induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Cells by Suppressing NF-κB Activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2017.23.3.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deok Hyo Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwoo Han
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuanying Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Shankariah Gundeti
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sook Han Lee
- Department of Science Education, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Won O Song
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI48824, USA
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 404-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 404-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeil Park
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Republic of Korea
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Lim S, Kim IK, Choi JW, Seo HH, Lim KH, Lee S, Lee HB, Kim SW, Hwang KC. Gender-dimorphic effects of adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions on HUVECs exposed to oxidative stress. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:911-919. [PMID: 28824330 PMCID: PMC5562200 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.19998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) are a heterogeneous collection of cells within adipose tissue that are being studied for various clinical indications. In this study, we aimed to determine whether SVF transplantation into impaired tissues has differential effects on inflammatory and angiogenetic properties with regard to gender. As reactive oxygen species have been implicated in cardiovascular disease development, we investigated differences in gene and protein expression related to inflammation and angiogenesis in HUVECs co-cultured with adipose-derived SVFs from male (M group) and female (F group) individuals under oxidative stress conditions. The expression of several inflammatory (interleukin (IL)-33) and angiogenetic (platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)) factors differed dramatically between male and female donors. Anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenetic responses were observed in HUVECs co-cultured with SVFs under oxidative stress conditions, and these characteristics may exhibit partially differential effects according to gender. Using network analysis, we showed that co-culturing HUVECs with SVFs ameliorated pyroptosis/apoptosis via an increase in oxidative stress. Activation of caspase-1 and IL-1B was significantly altered in HUVECs co-cultured with SVFs from female donors. These findings regarding gender-dimorphic regulation of adipose-derived SVFs provide valuable information that can be used for evidence-based gender-specific clinical treatment of SVF transplantation for understanding of cardiovascular disease, allowing for the development of additional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Lim
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hee Lim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju City, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon-Bum Lee
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 22711, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25601, Republic of Korea
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Kim R, Park SI, Lee CY, Lee J, Kim P, Oh S, Lee H, Lee MY, Kim J, Chung YA, Hwang KC, Maeng LS, Chang W. Alternative new mesenchymal stem cell source exerts tumor tropism through ALCAM and N-cadherin via regulation of microRNA-192 and -218. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 427:177-185. [PMID: 28039611 PMCID: PMC5306073 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2909-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of malignant primary brain tumors. Some treatments of gliomas exist, but they are rarely curative. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as potential modes of targeted cancer therapy owing to their capacity for homing toward tumor sites. It has been proposed that MSCs derived from various sources, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord blood, can be used as cell-based therapy for brain tumors. Here, MSCs obtained from the synovial fluid of osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis patients were investigated as therapeutic candidates. Specifically, we compared migratory and adhesive abilities, as well as expression levels of related genes and microRNA in bone marrow derived-MSCs (BMMSCs), adipose derived-MSCs (ADMSCs), and synovial fluid derived-MSCs (SFMSCs) after treatment with conditioned medium from gliomas. Migration and adhesion of SFMSCs increased through upregulation of the activated lymphocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) and N-cadherin by microRNA-192 and -218 downregulation, similar to BMMSCs and ADMSCs. Migratory capacities of all types of MSCs were evaluated in vivo, and SFMSCs migrated intensively toward gliomas. These results suggest that SFMSCs have potential for use in cell-based antitumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Kim
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, South Korea
| | - Sang In Park
- Institute of Catholic Integrative Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Incheon, 403-720, South Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, South Korea
| | - Pilseog Kim
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, South Korea
| | - Sekyung Oh
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Hojin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Min Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, South Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-gil, Seoul, 140-742, South Korea
| | - Yong-An Chung
- Institute of Catholic Integrative Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Incheon, 403-720, South Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangwon-do, 210-701, South Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University International, St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, 404-834, South Korea
| | - Lee-So Maeng
- Institute of Catholic Integrative Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Incheon, 403-720, South Korea.
| | - Woochul Chang
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, South Korea.
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Lee S, Yu LH, Lim LR, Lim HJ, Si JE, Ko YG, Hwang KC. Down regulation of Jag-1 in VSMCs contributes to impaired angiogenesis under high glucose condition: Experimental study using aortic rings of rats. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016; 61:497-511. [PMID: 25536917 DOI: 10.3233/ch-141915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The major cause of diabetes-related mortality is the complications involving aberrant angiogenesis. To understand the underlying mechanisms of such altered-angiogenesis in diabetes, examining the interaction between endothelial cells (ECs) and neighboring smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) rather than mainly focusing on EC might provide us useful information. Thus, in the present study, we examined the effect of high glucose on the expression of Jag1, one of the key trans-activating ligands of Notch receptors known to be involved in EC-SMC interaction, as well as angiogenic process, in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to elucidate possible role of EC-VSMC interaction in diabetes-related angiopathy. Our data indicate that high glucose condition decreases the expression of Jag1 in VSMCs possibly by increasing Jag1-targeting micro RNAs (miRNAs) such as miR-21, and exogenous Jag1-simulating peptides increase proliferation and migration of ECs under high glucose condition in vitro. Ex vivo study using aortic rings from normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-treated diabetic mouse demonstrated that exogenous Jag1-simulating peptides increases EC sprouting of aortic rings from diabetic mouse under high glucose condition. Our data suggest that EC-VSMC interaction is altered under high glucose condition and restoring EC-VSMC interaction can be a feasible therapeutic target for treating diabetes-related angiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
| | - Long-Hao Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - La-Ri Lim
- Severance Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Lim
- Severance Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Si
- Severance Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Guk Ko
- Severance Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
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Song SW, Kim KE, Choi JW, Lee CY, Lee J, Seo HH, Lim KH, Lim S, Lee S, Kim SW, Hwang KC. Proteomic Analysis and Identification of Paracrine Factors in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Media under Hypoxia. Cell Physiol Biochem 2016; 40:400-410. [DOI: 10.1159/000452555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: We previously showed that a hypoxic environment modulates the antiarrhythmic potential of mesenchymal stem cells. Methods: To investigate the mechanism by which secreted proteins contribute to the pathogenesis of antiarrhythmic potential in mesenchymal stem cells, we used two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with MALDI-TOF-MS to perform a proteomic analysis to compare the paracrine media produced by normoxic and hypoxic cells. Results: The proteomic analysis revealed that 66 protein spots out of a total of 231 matched spots indicated differential expression between the normoxic and hypoxic conditioned media of mesenchymal stem cells. Interestingly, two tropomyosin isoforms were dramatically increased in the hypoxic conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells. An increase in tropomyosin was confirmed using Western blot to analyze the conditioned media between normoxic and hypoxic cells. In a network analysis based on gene ontology (GO) Molecular Function by GeneMANIA analysis, most of the identified proteins were found to be involved in the regulation of heart processes. Conclusion: Our results show that hypoxia up-regulates tropomyosin and other secreted proteins which suggests that tropomyosin may be involved in regulating proarrhythmic and antiarrhythmic functions.
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Lee CY, Shin S, Lee J, Seo HH, Lim KH, Kim H, Choi JW, Kim SW, Lee S, Lim S, Hwang KC. MicroRNA-Mediated Down-Regulation of Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 (ASK1) Attenuates the Apoptosis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Transplanted into Infarcted Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1752. [PMID: 27775615 PMCID: PMC5085777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy using adult stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has produced some promising results in treating the damaged heart. However, the low survival rate of MSCs after transplantation is still one of the crucial factors that limit the therapeutic effect of stem cells. In the damaged heart, oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can cause the death of transplanted MSCs. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) has been implicated in the development of oxidative stress-related pathologic conditions. Thus, we hypothesized that down-regulation of ASK1 in human MSCs (hMSCs) might attenuate the post-transplantation death of MSCs. To test this hypothesis, we screened microRNAs (miRNAs) based on a miRNA-target prediction database and empirical data and investigated the anti-apoptotic effect of selected miRNAs on human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) and on rat myocardial infarction (MI) models. Our data indicated that miRNA-301a most significantly suppressed ASK1 expression in hASCs. Apoptosis-related genes were significantly down-regulated in miRNA-301a-enriched hASCs exposed to hypoxic conditions. Taken together, these data show that miRNA-mediated down-regulation of ASK1 protects MSCs during post-transplantation, leading to an increase in the efficacy of MSC-based cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sunhye Shin
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kyu Hee Lim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, 54896 Jeonju, Korea.
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 25601 Gangwon-do, Korea.
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 25601 Gangwon-do, Korea.
| | - Seahyung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 25601 Gangwon-do, Korea.
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, 22711 Incheon, Korea.
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 25601 Gangwon-do, Korea.
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, 22711 Incheon, Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 25601 Gangwon-do, Korea.
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, 22711 Incheon, Korea.
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Choi E, Lee J, Lee S, Song BW, Seo HH, Cha MJ, Lim S, Lee C, Song SW, Han G, Hwang KC. Potential therapeutic application of small molecule with sulfonamide for chondrogenic differentiation and articular cartilage repair. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5098-5102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Choi JW, Kim KE, Lee CY, Lee J, Seo HH, Lim KH, Choi E, Lim S, Lee S, Kim SW, Hwang KC. Alterations in Cardiomyocyte Differentiation-Related Proteins in Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exposed to Hypoxia. Cell Physiol Biochem 2016; 39:1595-607. [PMID: 27627433 DOI: 10.1159/000447861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS It is known that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can have variable responses to hypoxic conditions and that hypoxia may specifically stimulate differentiation into osteogenic, chondrogenic, or adipogenic cells. Based on our previous study, we hypothesized that hypoxia may also induce MSC differentiation into cardiomyocytes and/or cells with comparable phenotypes. METHODS The differences in the proteomes were specifically investigated in bone marrow-derived rat MSCs (BM-rMSCs) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions using 2-DE combined with a MALDI-TOF-MS analysis and western blot analysis. In addition, genetic and/or proteomic interactions were assessed using a String network analysis. RESULTS Among the 35 markedly changed spots from a total of 393 matched spots, 24 were highly up-regulated and 11 were significantly down-regulated in hypoxic rMSCs based on a proteomic analysis. Although hypoxia failed to induce the direct differentiation of rMSCs into cardiomyocytes, several cardiomyocyte differentiation-related genes and proteins were significantly increased by hypoxic stress. CONCLUSION We found that BM-rMSCs alter their expression of several cardiomyocyte differentiation-related genes and proteins under hypoxic conditions, and we examined the interactions between these genes and/or proteins, providing new insights for the applicability of MSCs preconditioned by hypoxic stimulation for use in cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Won Choi
- Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea
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Seo HH, Lee CY, Lee J, Lim S, Choi E, Park JC, Lee S, Hwang KC. The role of nuclear factor of activated T cells during phorbol myristate acetate-induced cardiac differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:90. [PMID: 27405982 PMCID: PMC4942985 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously reported that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment can induce the cardiac differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In the present study, we investigated how PMA induces cardiac differentiation of MSCs, focusing on its effect on the transcription factors responsible for increased cardiac marker gene expression. Methods Human MSCs (hMSCs) were treated with 1 μM PMA for 9 days. The expression of MSC markers and cardiac markers in the PMA-treated hMSC, as well as the nuclear translocation of transcription factors, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), and myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD), was examined. Transcriptional activity of NFAT was examined by utilizing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) vector containing NFAT motif of human interleukin-2 promoter. The effect of PMA on the expression of key cell cycle regulators was examined. Results PMA induces the transcriptional activity of NFAT and MyoD, which have been associated with increased expression of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and myosin heavy chain (MHC), respectively. Our data suggested that protein kinase C (PKC) mediates the effect of PMA on NFAT activation. Furthermore, PMA treatment increased cell-cycle regulator p27kip1 expression, suggesting that PMA triggers the cardiac differentiation program in MSCs by regulating key transcription factors and cell cycle regulators. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate the importance of NFAT activation during PMA-induced MSC differentiation and help us to better understand the underlying mechanisms of small molecule-mediated MSC differentiation so that we can develop a strategy for synthesizing novel and improved differentiation-inducing small molecules. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0348-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Eunhyun Choi
- Institute for Bio-medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jong-Chul Park
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
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Lee SY, Lee S, Choi E, Ham O, Lee CY, Lee J, Seo HH, Cha MJ, Mun B, Lee Y, Yoon C, Hwang KC. Small molecule-mediated up-regulation of microRNA targeting a key cell death modulator BNIP3 improves cardiac function following ischemic injury. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23472. [PMID: 27008992 PMCID: PMC4806297 DOI: 10.1038/srep23472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic ablation of BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), an essential regulator of cardiac cell death, is an effective way to prevent cardiac cell death triggered by pathologic conditions. However, currently there exists no known means, such as inhibitors, to down-regulate BNIP3 in mature heart. Here, we report that a small molecule inducer of microRNA-182 (miR-182) suppressed ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced cardiac cell death by down-regulating BNIP3. We first selected miR-182 as a potent BNIP3-targeting miRNA based on miRNA-target prediction databases and empirical data. The subsequent screening of small molecules for inducing miR-182 expression identified Kenpaullone as a hit compound. Both exogenous miR-182 and Kenpaullone significantly suppressed hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte death in vitro. To investigate the effect of changing substituents of Kenpaullone on miR-182 expression, we synthesized 9 derivatives of Kenpaullone. Among these derivatives, compound 5 showed significantly improved ability to induce miR-182 expression. The results of the in vivo study showed that compound 5 significantly improved heart function following I/R-injury in rats. Our study provides strong evidence that the small molecule-mediated up-regulation of miRNAs is a viable strategy to down-regulate target proteins with no known chemical inhibitor and that compound 5 may have potential to prevent I/R-inflicted cardiac cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Yeon Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhyun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Onju Ham
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Cha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Mun
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunmi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheesoon Yoon
- Department of Cardiovascular &Thoracic Surgery, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Lim S, Song BW, Cha MJ, Ham O, Lee SY, Lee C, Park JH, Bae Y, Seo HH, Seung M, Choi E, Hwang KC. MicroRNA-29b inhibits migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in neointimal formation. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:598-608. [PMID: 25389122 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are considered to be key steps in the progression of atherosclerosis and restenosis. Certain stimuli, such as, interleukin-3 (IL-3) are known to stimulate proliferation and migration in vascular diseases. Meanwhile, microRNAs (miRs) have been revealed as critical modulators of various diseases in which miR-29b is known to regulate cell growth by targeting Mcl-1 and MMP2. However, roles of miR-29b in vascular smooth muscle cells remain almost unknown. We hypothesized that miR-29b may control the proliferation and migration processes induced by IL-3 stimulation by inhibiting its own specific targets in SMCs. MiR-29b significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration of SMCs through the inhibition of the signaling pathway related to Mcl-1 and MMP2. We also found that miR-29b expression levels significantly declined in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries and that the overexpression of miR-29b by local oligonucleotide delivery can inhibit neointimal formation. Consistent with the critical role of miR-29b in vitro, we observed down-regulated expression levels of Mcl-1 and MMP2 from the neointimal region. These results indicate that miR-29b suppressed the proliferation and migration of SMCs, possibly through the inhibition of Mcl-1 and MMP2, and suggest that miR-29b may serve as a useful therapeutic tool to treat cardiovascular diseases such as, atherosclerosis and restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Lee
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
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Lim S, Lee SY, Seo HH, Ham O, Lee C, Park JH, Lee J, Seung M, Yun I, Han SM, Lee S, Choi E, Hwang KC. Regulation of mitochondrial morphology by positive feedback interaction between PKCδ and Drp1 in vascular smooth muscle cell. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:648-60. [PMID: 25399916 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1) plays a critical role in mitochondrial fission which allows cell proliferation and Mdivi-1, a specific small molecule Drp1 inhibitor, is revealed to attenuate proliferation. However, few molecular mechanisms-related to Drp1 under stimulus for restenosis or atherosclerosis have been investigated in vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs). Therefore, we hypothesized that Drp1 inhibition can prevent vascular restenosis and investigated its regulatory mechanism. Angiotensin II (Ang II) or hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced proliferation and migration in SMCs were attenuated by down-regulation of Drp1 Ser 616 phosphorylation, which was demonstrated by in vitro assays for migration and proliferation. Excessive amounts of ROS production and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were prevented by Drp1 inhibition under Ang II and H2 O2 . Under the Ang II stimulation, activated Drp1 interacted with PKCδ and then activated MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling cascade and MMP2, but not MMP9. Furthermore, in ex vivo aortic ring assay, inhibition of the Drp1 had significant anti-proliferative and -migration effects for vSMCs. A formation of vascular neointima in response to a rat carotid artery balloon injury was prevented by Drp1 inhibition, which shows a beneficial effect of Drp1 regulation in the pathologic vascular condition. Drp1-mediated SMC proliferation and migration can be prevented by mitochondrial division inhibitor (Mdivi-1) in in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo, and these results suggest the possibility that Drp1 can be a new therapeutic target for restenosis or atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Lim
- Severance Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral & Cardiovascular Disease, Yonsei University Health System, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
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Chen F, Yoon DH, Reddy D, Han C, Choi S, Cho JY, Sung GH, Hwang KC, Kim TW, Park H. Synthesis and Cell Death Mechanism of a Militarin Derivative. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 200-701 Korea
| | - Deok Hyo Yoon
- College of Natural Science (Biochemistry); Kangwon National University; Chunchon 200-701 Korea
| | - Dinneswara Reddy
- College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 200-701 Korea
| | - Changwoo Han
- College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 200-701 Korea
| | - Sunga Choi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 301-747 Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 440-746 Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence; International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University; Incheon 404-834 Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence; International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University; Incheon 404-834 Korea
| | - Tae Woong Kim
- College of Natural Science (Biochemistry); Kangwon National University; Chunchon 200-701 Korea
| | - Haeil Park
- College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 200-701 Korea
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