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Lee R, Mcdonagh J, Rapley T, Farre A, Connelly M, Palermo T, Toupin-April K, Peters S, Cordingley L. POS1560-HPR “MY GUT FEELING IS…”: IDENTIFYING HOW HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS COMMUNICATE ABOUT PAIN IN PAEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGY MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAM MEETINGS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundMulti-disciplinary teams (MDTs) are common in paediatric rheumatology where UK standards of care state that all children/young people should have access to a paediatric rheumatologist, nurse, physiotherapist, occupational therapist and a psychologist. MDTs in paediatric rheumatology regularly meet for the broader purpose of discussing the assessment of and future management plans for children/young people with a range of complex conditions in which chronic pain may feature. The content of these discussions has not been previously researched. Little is known about healthcare professional to healthcare professional communication and how this may influence the care of children/young people with chronic pain.ObjectivesThe objective of the current study was to investigate healthcare professionals communication about children and young people with chronic musculoskeletal pain during MDT meetings in paediatric rheumatology.MethodsThis study was a non-participant ethnographic observation of virtual and face-to-face MDT meetings in three paediatric rheumatology centres in the UK. A structured observation checklist was used to capture and organise field notes which were analysed using an inductive thematic approach amongst research team members. Interpretation of field notes was guided by discussions with healthcare professionals from each of the teams involved.ResultsForty-two healthcare professionals from across the three teams participated. Ten meetings from each team (n=30) were observed, with meetings ranging from 1-2 hours. Analysis was organised into three themes;1)Describing the child/young person with pain: Healthcare professionals’ perceptions about personality characteristics (e.g. “He is mature”, “She is sensitive”) were frequently used to introduce a child/young person to the team. A child/young person description was always accompanied by a description of parents and perceptions about their behaviour (e.g. “Dad is very disengaged”, “Mum can shout”).2)Interpreting the pain of the child/young person: A core component of interpretations was professional’s familiarity with the child/young person and parents (e.g., “I haven’t got a handle on them yet”). Professionals also discussed how their interpretations of pain were influenced by “gut feelings” or “vibes that something else is going on at home”.3)Managing the child/young person with pain: Healthcare professionals discussed the need for acceptance of pain and treatment from children/young people (e.g., “She wasn’t buying into that”; “He needs to get used to it”). Setting boundaries for children/young people and parents for accessing the team also featured in discussions (e.g., “We need to re-assure them but not always be available”).ConclusionThis study highlights a range of healthcare professional approaches and processes to communicating about and discussing children/young people with pain at paediatric rheumatology MDT meetings. Findings suggest that healthcare professionals in paediatric rheumatology describe, interpret and manage the child/young person presenting with pain alongside the broader psychosocial (and less frequently the biological) context. These findings will inform the content and methods of a behaviour change intervention to improve pain communication in consultations with children/young people, parents and amongst the paediatric rheumatology team of healthcare professionals in the UK.AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the healthcare professionals for kindly taking the time to take part in this study. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the National Institute for Health Research, or the UK Department of Health. This work was supported by a Foundation Fellowship award from Versus Arthritis (Grant 22433). Aspects of this work were also supported by funding from the Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis (Grant 20380) and the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Lee R, Mountain D, McDonagh J, Connelly M, Peters S, Cordingley L. OP0056 “BECAUSE THAT’S THEIR JOB, ISN’T IT?”: EXPLORING CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLES’ EXPERIENCES OF AND PERSPECTIVES ABOUT PAIN COMMUNICATION IN PAEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGY IN THE UK. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundPain communication should be an integral part of every clinical consultation, particularly in paediatric rheumatology where children/young people often present complex long-term conditions in which chronic pain is a feature. Researchers investigating pain communication in paediatric healthcare encounters have been focused on healthcare professionals, yielding inconsistent findings about the occurrence and nature of pain discussions with children/young people. There has been limited research examining children/young peoples’ own experiences and perspectives on this in the literature to date.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate children/young peoples’ experiences and perceptions of communicating about pain with paediatric rheumatology healthcare professionals in the UK.MethodsTwenty-six children/young people were recruited from three UK paediatric rheumatology centres. Data were collected using semi-structured telephone interviews between April-October, 2021. A framework analysis approach was used to explore similarities and divergences in participants’ narrative accounts.ResultsThe mean age of children/young people was 14.0 years (SD=3.6 years, Range= 6-18 years, 58% female). Diagnoses included; Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Chronic Regional Pain Syndrome, diffuse idiopathic chronic pain, localised idiopathic pain, hypermobility (including Ehlers Danlos Syndrome) and Raynaud’s disease.Findings are organised into four themes.1) Nature and focus of appointments. Children/young people talked about pain with several professionals from the team. Participants reported that pain conversations predominantly occurred during physical examinations.2) Co-ordination of pain communication. Children/young people identified how professionals mostly started pain conversations. They explained how they were often asked to verbally rate pain rather than use a written assessment tool. For some, questions about pain were directed to parents. Participants reported that this was problematic as parents “can’t feel” pain.3) Reflections on pain communication. There were expectations that pain should always be asked about as it was considered a main reason for a consultation. Participants discussed how these conversations gave them an opportunity to “get it off their chest” and made them feel “reassured” that professionals “care”. Being asked about pain reminded them that they were different to peers and they were concerned it could highlight “something else is wrong”. Children/young people talked about how it became easier to talk about pain with familiar professionals.4) Moving forward after pain communication. Children/young people discussed how professionals could give mixed messages about how to manage pain at home following consultations, offering advice which was difficult to put into practice (e.g. “doing too much” vs “not doing enough”). Children/young people expressed their need to discuss the emotional as well as the physical effects of their pain.ConclusionThese study findings highlight a range of effective and ineffective pain communication approaches from the experiences and perspectives of children/young people. These will be used to create recommendations for improving the communication of chronic pain in paediatric rheumatology in the future, in a way that is acceptable and valuable to children/young people.AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the children/young people for kindly taking the time to share their experiences and perceptions about their interactions with healthcare professionals in paediatric rheumatology. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the National Institute for Health Research, or the UK Department of Health. This work was supported by a Foundation Fellowship award from Versus Arthritis (Grant 22433). Aspects of this work were also supported by funding from the Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis (Grant 20380) and the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared.
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Gartrell J, Mellado-Largarde M, Clay MR, Bahrami A, Sahr NA, Sykes A, Blankenship K, Hoffmann L, Xie J, Cho HP, Twarog N, Connelly M, Yan KK, Yu J, Porter SN, Pruett-Miller SM, Neale G, Tinkle CL, Federico SM, Stewart EA, Shelat AA. SLFN11 is Widely Expressed in Pediatric Sarcoma and Induces Variable Sensitization to Replicative Stress Caused By DNA-Damaging Agents. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2151-2165. [PMID: 34413129 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric sarcomas represent a heterogeneous group of malignancies that exhibit variable response to DNA-damaging chemotherapy. Schlafen family member 11 protein (SLFN11) increases sensitivity to replicative stress and has been implicated as a potential biomarker to predict sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents (DDA). SLFN11 expression was quantified in 220 children with solid tumors using IHC. Sensitivity to the PARP inhibitor talazoparib (TAL) and the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan (IRN) was assessed in sarcoma cell lines, including SLFN11 knock-out (KO) and overexpression models, and a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft model (PDOX). SLFN11 was expressed in 69% of pediatric sarcoma sampled, including 90% and 100% of Ewing sarcoma and desmoplastic small round-cell tumors, respectively, although the magnitude of expression varied widely. In sarcoma cell lines, protein expression strongly correlated with response to TAL and IRN, with SLFN11 KO resulting in significant loss of sensitivity in vitro and in vivo Surprisingly, retrospective analysis of children with sarcoma found no association between SLFN11 levels and favorable outcome. Subsequently, high SLFN11 expression was confirmed in a PDOX model derived from a patient with recurrent Ewing sarcoma who failed to respond to treatment with TAL + IRN. Selective inhibition of BCL-xL increased sensitivity to TAL + IRN in SLFN11-positive resistant tumor cells. Although SLFN11 appears to drive sensitivity to replicative stress in pediatric sarcomas, its potential to act as a biomarker may be limited to certain tumor backgrounds or contexts. Impaired apoptotic response may be one mechanism of resistance to DDA-induced replicative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gartrell
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Marcia Mellado-Largarde
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael R Clay
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Armita Bahrami
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Natasha A Sahr
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - April Sykes
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Kaley Blankenship
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Lauren Hoffmann
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Nathaniel Twarog
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Koon-Kiu Yan
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jiyang Yu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Shaina N Porter
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
- The Center for Advanced Genomic Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Shondra M Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
- The Center for Advanced Genomic Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Geoffrey Neale
- Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Christopher L Tinkle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Sara M Federico
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth A Stewart
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Anang A Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
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Lee R, Mcdonagh J, Connelly M, Peters S, Cordingley L. POS1490-HPR “WHERE DOES IT HURT?”: IDENTIFYING PAIN CONTENT AND ITS CONTEXT WITHIN PAEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT RHEUMATOLOGY TRAINING. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Complex pain symptoms present across a wide spectrum of long-term musculoskeletal conditions in paediatric rheumatology. Pain training should therefore be part of a core curriculum for the professionals working in this speciality, but it is unclear to what extent this is the case currently.Objectives:To identify the extent of pain-specific content included in the training of healthcare professionals in paediatric and adolescent rheumatology in the UK.Methods:A systematic search of documental data using key internet search engines was conducted using combinations of the following terms: ‘training’, ‘curriculum’, ‘competency’, ‘paediatric’, ‘adolescent’ and ‘rheumatology’. A targeted search of online content from the main professional organisations followed; doctors (Royal College of Paediatric and Child Health [RCPCH]), nurses (Royal College of Nursing [RCN]), physiotherapists (Chartered Society of Physiotherapy), occupational therapists (Royal College of Occupational Therapists) and psychologists (British Psychological Society). Documents from professional learned societies such as The British Society of Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology (BSPAR) and The Scottish Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology Network (SPARN) were also included. Document search strategies were designed by the authors in partnership with healthcare professionals. Data were extracted and analysed following a summative content analysis. Pain-related terms were quantified. Latent content was interpreted qualitatively to explore the context in which pain-related phrases were presented.Results:Nine documents were identified. Pain-related terms represented 0.17% of all words across texts (used 55 times in total). Most pain terms were found in documents aimed at doctors (n=40, 72.7%). Of the pain terms used, most were used in the context of referring to specific pain syndromes such as chronic regional pain, generalized idiopathic pain and pain amplification. Content around the assessment and management of pain was vague and no detail was given as to how health professionals should perform these tasks. There was no reference to pain intensity, location or emotion. There were several problematic conceptual issues in the way pain was presented, with pain mostly portrayed either in the context of inflammatory or non-inflammatory pain and rarely in the context of both. Musculoskeletal pain was also positioned as a ‘somatic’ symptom, potentially conveying an interpretation of pain as being psychologically mediated.Conclusion:Training for healthcare professionals in paediatric rheumatology would benefit from updates informed by contemporary pain theories and evidence-based practices. This is key to ensuring that children and young people with chronic pain receive effective pain care from tertiary care services focused on treating musculoskeletal disease.Table 1.Documents and pain terms identifiedProfessionTitleOrganisations, year.% of document covered by pain termsDoctorsGeneric syllabus level 1.RCPCH, 2018.0.14%DoctorsGeneric syllabus level 2.RCPCH, 2018.0.14%DoctorsGeneric syllabus level 3.RCPCH, 2018.0.06%DoctorsPaediatric rheumatology level 3.RCPCH, 2018.0.48%DoctorsCompetencies for the special interest module in paediatric rheumatologyRCPCH, 2014.0.43%NursesCompetencies for rheumatology nurses.RCN, 2020.0.05%NursesCompetencies for clinical nurse specialists/advanced nurse practitioners.BSPAR, 2014.0.29%NursesRole of the paediatric rheumatology nurse.SPARN, 2016.0%Allied Health Professionals (AHPs)Competencies for AHPsBSPAR, 2019.0.73%Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Slavish PJ, Chi L, Yun MK, Tsurkan L, Martinez NE, Jonchere B, Chai SC, Connelly M, Waddell MB, Das S, Neale G, Li Z, Shadrick WR, Olsen RR, Freeman KW, Low JA, Price JE, Young BM, Bharatham N, Boyd VA, Yang J, Lee RE, Morfouace M, Roussel MF, Chen T, Savic D, Guy RK, White SW, Shelat AA, Potter PM. Bromodomain-Selective BET Inhibitors Are Potent Antitumor Agents against MYC-Driven Pediatric Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3507-3518. [PMID: 32651255 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of members of the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family of proteins has proven a valid strategy for cancer chemotherapy. All BET identified to date contain two bromodomains (BD; BD1 and BD2) that are necessary for recognition of acetylated lysine residues in the N-terminal regions of histones. Chemical matter that targets BET (BETi) also interact via these domains. Molecular and cellular data indicate that BD1 and BD2 have different biological roles depending upon their cellular context, with BD2 particularly associated with cancer. We have therefore pursued the development of BD2-selective molecules both as chemical probes and as potential leads for drug development. Here we report the structure-based generation of a novel series of tetrahydroquinoline analogs that exhibit >50-fold selectivity for BD2 versus BD1. This selective targeting resulted in engagement with BD-containing proteins in cells, resulting in modulation of MYC proteins and downstream targets. These compounds were potent cytotoxins toward numerous pediatric cancer cell lines and were minimally toxic to nontumorigenic cells. In addition, unlike the pan BETi (+)-JQ1, these BD2-selective inhibitors demonstrated no rebound expression effects. Finally, we report a pharmacokinetic-optimized, metabolically stable derivative that induced growth delay in a neuroblastoma xenograft model with minimal toxicity. We conclude that BD2-selective agents are valid candidates for antitumor drug design for pediatric malignancies driven by the MYC oncogene. SIGNIFICANCE: This study presents bromodomain-selective BET inhibitors that act as antitumor agents and demonstrates that these molecules have in vivo activity towards neuroblastoma, with essentially no toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jake Slavish
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Liying Chi
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Mi-Kyung Yun
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Lyudmila Tsurkan
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Nancy E Martinez
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Barbara Jonchere
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Sergio C Chai
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - M Brett Waddell
- Molecular Interaction Analysis Shared Resource, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Geoffrey Neale
- Hartwell Center, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Zhenmei Li
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - William R Shadrick
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Rachelle R Olsen
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Kevin W Freeman
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jonathan A Low
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jeanine E Price
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Brandon M Young
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Nagakumar Bharatham
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Vincent A Boyd
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Richard E Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Marie Morfouace
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Martine F Roussel
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Daniel Savic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Stephen W White
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Anang A Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
| | - Philip M Potter
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
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Abstract
Combination therapy is increasingly central to modern medicine. Yet reliable analysis of combination studies remains an open challenge. Previous work suggests that common methods of combination analysis are too susceptible to noise to support robust scientific conclusions. In this paper, we use simulated and real-world combination datasets to demonstrate that traditional index methods are unstable and biased by pharmacological and experimental conditions, whereas response-surface approaches such as the BRAID method are more consistent and unbiased. Using a publicly-available data set, we show that BRAID more accurately captures variations in compound mechanism of action, and is therefore better able to discriminate between synergistic, antagonistic, and additive interactions. Finally, we applied BRAID analysis to identify a clear pattern of consistently enhanced AKT sensitivity in a subset of cancer cell lines, and a far richer array of PARP inhibitor combination therapies for BRCA1-deficient cancers than would be identified by traditional synergy analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R Twarog
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Anang A Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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Cruijsen H, Poitevin E, Brunelle SL, Almeida S, Braun U, Connelly M, Giuliani L, Huertas R, Hui S, Ikeuchi Y, Jaudzems G, Kimura S, Kittleson J, Larkin G, Li F, McMahon A, Nagatoshi M, Piccon I, Postma M, Rizzo A, Sadipiralla B, Shan L, Shinichi T, Silva F, Torres M, van Goethem S, vander Moolen H, Xindong G. Determination of Minerals and Trace Elements in Milk, Milk Products, Infant Formula, and Adult Nutrition: Collaborative Study 2011.14 Method Modification. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/102.6.1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Official Method SM 2011.14/ISO 15151:2018/IDF 229:2018 uses microwave digestion of samples and inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry for determination of nine elements, including Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Zn. The method was evaluated in a collaborative study of 25 products, including 13 fortified nutritional products (powders, ready-to-feed liquids, and liquid concentrates), five product placebos, six dairy products (liquids, powders, butter, and processed cheese), and the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1849a, in compliance with AOAC INTERNATIONAL Standard Method Performance Requirement (SMPR®) 2014.004. This study significantly expanded the applicability of Official Method 2011.14 beyond the original scope of chocolate milk powder, dietetic milk powder, infant cereal, peanut butter, and wheat gluten. The study included 14 collaborators from 11 countries, and results were compared to SMPR 2014.004. Accuracy of the method was demonstrated using NIST SRM 1849a, yielding recoveries across all laboratories of 98–101% for the nine elements. Precision for the 13 fortified nutritional product samples was 2.2–3.9% for repeatability (relative SD of repeatability) and 6.0–12.2% for reproducibility (RSDR). Excluding Mn, which was present at a wide range of concentrations, the reproducibility was 6.0–9.5%, meeting the performance requirements of SMPR 2014.004. Placebo samples (not fortified with Cu, Fe, Mn, or Zn) yielded acceptable repeatability of 1.8–2.9% for Ca, K, Mg, Na, and P (minerals) but 5.4–29.4% for the low levels of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn (trace elements). Reproducibility for the placebos showed the same pattern, with acceptable reproducibility (5.4–10.3%) for minerals but not for the low levels of the trace elements (13.2–82.8%). In the six dairy product samples, repeatability ranged from 1.6 to 3.6% for the minerals, Zn, and the low range of Mn but from 9.4 to 24.6% for Cu, Fe, and the high range of Mn, where concentrations were low as for the nutritional placebos. Reproducibility in the dairy samples was 5.3–8.8% for the minerals but 11.4–55.0% for the trace elements. The mean concentrations of Cu, Fe, and Zn in the dairy products were similar with those in the placebo products, while Zn was present at levels more similar with the fortified nutritional products. Thus, the method met the SMPR criteria except where the trace minerals were present at very low levels. Based on these results, the AOAC Stakeholder Panel for Infant Formula and Adult Nutritionals recommended Final Action status of the expanded applicability of the method. The method was adopted as Final Action by the AOAC Official Methods Board.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Cruijsen
- Friesland Campina, Laboratory and Quality Services, P. Stuyvesantweg 1, 8937 AC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Poitevin
- Nestlé Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Sharon L Brunelle
- Brunelle Biotech Consulting, 6620 NW Burgundy Dr, Corvallis, OR 97330
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Sacco P, Sultan S, Tuten M, Powell JM, Connelly M, Barth RN, Hodorowicz M, LaMattina JC. Substance Use and Psychosocial Functioning in a Sample of Liver Transplant Recipients with Alcohol-Related Liver Disease. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3689-3693. [PMID: 30577256 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the frequency of liver transplantation in alcoholic recipients, the burden of co-occurring psychosocial comorbidities remains poorly defined. METHODS A survey study was conducted to examine demographic, substance use, mental health, and social support variables among liver transplant (LT) recipients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (LT-ALD: n = 67). Survey completers (n = 67) were compared to a sample of liver transplant recipients without ALD (LT: n = 134). RESULTS Survey participants (n = 67) were predominately male, in their mid-fifties, and were retired or on disability. Alcohol consumption during the 6 months prior to transplant was reported by more than a third of participants. Alcohol consumption post-transplant was reported by 21.2% of respondents, with 4.5% of participants reporting "at-risk" levels of post-transplant alcohol use. Illicit drug use prior to transplant was reported by nearly half of participants (47.8%), and 16.4% reported illicit drug use post-transplant. Approximately half of the sample reported a history of cigarette smoking, and one-third of respondents (29.2%) reported current cigarette smoking. Participants frequently endorsed mental health symptoms consistent with moderate to severe depression (22.4%) and anxiety (17.9%). CONCLUSIONS Despite relatively low rates of problematic alcohol use post-transplant, there is a significant burden of disability, substance use, and psychiatric symptomatology in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sacco
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD
| | - S Sultan
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - M Tuten
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD
| | - J M Powell
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - M Connelly
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD
| | - R N Barth
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - M Hodorowicz
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD
| | - J C LaMattina
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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9
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Ortiz D, Guiguemde WA, Hammill JT, Carrillo AK, Chen Y, Connelly M, Stalheim K, Elya C, Johnson A, Min J, Shelat A, Smithson DC, Yang L, Zhu F, Guy RK, Landfear SM. Discovery of novel, orally bioavailable, antileishmanial compounds using phenotypic screening. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006157. [PMID: 29287089 PMCID: PMC5764437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection that afflicts approximately 12 million people worldwide. There are several limitations to the approved drug therapies for leishmaniasis, including moderate to severe toxicity, growing drug resistance, and the need for extended dosing. Moreover, miltefosine is currently the only orally available drug therapy for this infection. We addressed the pressing need for new therapies by pursuing a two-step phenotypic screen to discover novel, potent, and orally bioavailable antileishmanials. First, we conducted a high-throughput screen (HTS) of roughly 600,000 small molecules for growth inhibition against the promastigote form of the parasite life cycle using the nucleic acid binding dye SYBR Green I. This screen identified approximately 2,700 compounds that inhibited growth by over 65% at a single point concentration of 10 μM. We next used this 2700 compound focused library to identify compounds that were highly potent against the disease-causing intra-macrophage amastigote form and exhibited limited toxicity toward the host macrophages. This two-step screening strategy uncovered nine unique chemical scaffolds within our collection, including two previously described antileishmanials. We further profiled two of the novel compounds for in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and in vivo pharmacokinetics. Both compounds proved orally bioavailable, affording plasma exposures above the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) concentration for at least 12 hours. Both compounds were efficacious when administered orally in a murine model of cutaneous leishmaniasis. One of the two compounds exerted potent activity against trypanosomes, which are kinetoplastid parasites related to Leishmania species. Therefore, this compound could help control multiple parasitic diseases. The promising pharmacokinetic profile and significant in vivo efficacy observed from our HTS hits highlight the utility of our two-step phenotypic screening strategy and strongly suggest that medicinal chemistry optimization of these newly identified scaffolds will lead to promising candidates for an orally available anti-parasitic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ortiz
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - W. Armand Guiguemde
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jared T. Hammill
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Angela K. Carrillo
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Yizhe Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Kayla Stalheim
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Elya
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Alex Johnson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jaeki Min
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Anang Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - David C. Smithson
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Fangyi Zhu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - R. Kiplin Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology and Theraputics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Scott M. Landfear
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
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10
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Shadrick WR, Slavish PJ, Chai SC, Waddell B, Connelly M, Low JA, Tallant C, Young BM, Bharatham N, Knapp S, Boyd VA, Morfouace M, Roussel MF, Chen T, Lee RE, Kiplin Guy R, Shelat AA, Potter PM. Exploiting a water network to achieve enthalpy-driven, bromodomain-selective BET inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:25-36. [PMID: 29170024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Within the last decade, the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal domain family (BET) of proteins have emerged as promising drug targets in diverse clinical indications including oncology, auto-immune disease, heart failure, and male contraception. The BET family consists of four isoforms (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT/BRDT6) which are distinguished by the presence of two tandem bromodomains (BD1 and BD2) that independently recognize acetylated-lysine (KAc) residues and appear to have distinct biological roles. BET BD1 and BD2 bromodomains differ at five positions near the substrate binding pocket: the variation in the ZA channel induces different water networks nearby. We designed a set of congeneric 2- and 3-heteroaryl substituted tetrahydroquinolines (THQ) to differentially engage bound waters in the ZA channel with the goal of achieving bromodomain selectivity. SJ830599 (9) showed modest, but consistent, selectivity for BRD2-BD2. Using isothermal titration calorimetry, we showed that the binding of all THQ analogs in our study to either of the two bromodomains was enthalpy driven. Remarkably, the binding of 9 to BRD2-BD2 was marked by negative entropy and was entirely driven by enthalpy, consistent with significant restriction of conformational flexibility and/or engagement with bound waters. Co-crystallography studies confirmed that 9 did indeed stabilize a water-mediated hydrogen bond network. Finally, we report that 9 retained cytotoxicity against several pediatric cancer cell lines with EC50 values comparable to BET inhibitor (BETi) clinical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Shadrick
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Peter J Slavish
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sergio C Chai
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Brett Waddell
- Molecular Interaction Analysis Shared Resource, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jonathan A Low
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Cynthia Tallant
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Brandon M Young
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Nagakumar Bharatham
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Vincent A Boyd
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Marie Morfouace
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Martine F Roussel
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard E Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Anang A Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Philip M Potter
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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11
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Scott DC, Hammill JT, Min J, Rhee DY, Connelly M, Sviderskiy VO, Bhasin D, Chen Y, Ong SS, Chai SC, Goktug AN, Huang G, Monda JK, Low J, Kim HS, Paulo JA, Cannon JR, Shelat AA, Chen T, Kelsall IR, Alpi AF, Pagala V, Wang X, Peng J, Singh B, Harper JW, Schulman BA, Guy RK. Blocking an N-terminal acetylation-dependent protein interaction inhibits an E3 ligase. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:850-857. [PMID: 28581483 PMCID: PMC5577376 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
N-terminal acetylation is an abundant modification influencing protein functions. Since ≈80% of mammalian cytosolic proteins are N-terminally acetylated, this potentially represents an untapped target for chemical control of their functions. Structural studies have revealed that, like lysine acetylation, N-terminal acetylation converts a positively charged amine into a hydrophobic handle that mediates protein interactions, suggesting it may be a druggable target. We report the development of chemical probes targeting the N-terminal acetylation-dependent interaction between an E2 conjugating enzyme (UBE2M, aka UBC12) and DCN1 (aka DCUN1D1), a subunit of a multiprotein E3 ligase for the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8. The inhibitors are highly selective with respect to other protein acetyl amide binding sites, inhibit NEDD8 ligation in vitro and in cells, and suppress the anchorage-independent growth of a cell line harboring DCN1 amplification. Overall, the data demonstrate that N-terminal acetyl-dependent protein interactions are druggable targets, and provide insights into targeting multiprotein E2–E3 ligases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Scott
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jared T Hammill
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jaeki Min
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - David Y Rhee
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Vladislav O Sviderskiy
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Deepak Bhasin
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yizhe Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Su-Sien Ong
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sergio C Chai
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Asli N Goktug
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Guochang Huang
- Laboratory of Epithelial Cancer Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julie K Monda
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan Low
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ho Shin Kim
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joe R Cannon
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anang A Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ian R Kelsall
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Arno F Alpi
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Vishwajeeth Pagala
- St. Jude Proteomics Facility, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xusheng Wang
- St. Jude Proteomics Facility, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,St. Jude Proteomics Facility, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bhuvanesh Singh
- Laboratory of Epithelial Cancer Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - J Wade Harper
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - R Kip Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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12
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Vohra RS, Pasquali S, Kirkham AJ, Marriott P, Johnstone M, Spreadborough P, Alderson D, Griffiths EA, Fenwick S, Elmasry M, Nunes Q, Kennedy D, Basit Khan R, Khan MAS, Magee CJ, Jones SM, Mason D, Parappally CP, Mathur P, Saunders M, Jamel S, Ul Haque S, Zafar S, Shiwani MH, Samuel N, Dar F, Jackson A, Lovett B, Dindyal S, Winter H, Fletcher T, Rahman S, Wheatley K, Nieto T, Ayaani S, Youssef H, Nijjar RS, Watkin H, Naumann D, Emeshi S, Sarmah PB, Lee K, Joji N, Heath J, Teasdale RL, Weerasinghe C, Needham PJ, Welbourn H, Forster L, Finch D, Blazeby JM, Robb W, McNair AGK, Hrycaiczuk A, Charalabopoulos A, Kadirkamanathan S, Tang CB, Jayanthi NVG, Noor N, Dobbins B, Cockbain AJ, Nilsen-Nunn A, Siqueira J, Pellen M, Cowley JB, Ho WM, Miu V, White TJ, Hodgkins KA, Kinghorn A, Tutton MG, Al-Abed YA, Menzies D, Ahmad A, Reed J, Khan S, Monk D, Vitone LJ, Murtaza G, Joel A, Brennan S, Shier D, Zhang C, Yoganathan T, Robinson SJ, McCallum IJD, Jones MJ, Elsayed M, Tuck L, Wayman J, Carney K, Aroori S, Hosie KB, Kimble A, Bunting DM, Fawole AS, Basheer M, Dave RV, Sarveswaran J, Jones E, Kendal C, Tilston MP, Gough M, Wallace T, Singh S, Downing J, Mockford KA, Issa E, Shah N, Chauhan N, Wilson TR, Forouzanfar A, Wild JRL, Nofal E, Bunnell C, Madbak K, Rao STV, Devoto L, Siddiqi N, Khawaja Z, Hewes JC, Gould L, Chambers A, Urriza Rodriguez D, Sen G, Robinson S, Carney K, Bartlett F, Rae DM, Stevenson TEJ, Sarvananthan K, Dwerryhouse SJ, Higgs SM, Old OJ, Hardy TJ, Shah R, Hornby ST, Keogh K, Frank L, Al-Akash M, Upchurch EA, Frame RJ, Hughes M, Jelley C, Weaver S, Roy S, Sillo TO, Galanopoulos G, Cuming T, Cunha P, Tayeh S, Kaptanis S, Heshaishi M, Eisawi A, Abayomi M, Ngu WS, Fleming K, Singh Bajwa D, Chitre V, Aryal K, Ferris P, Silva M, Lammy S, Mohamed S, Khawaja A, Hussain A, Ghazanfar MA, Bellini MI, Ebdewi H, Elshaer M, Gravante G, Drake B, Ogedegbe A, Mukherjee D, Arhi C, Giwa Nusrat Iqbal L, Watson NF, Kumar Aggarwal S, Orchard P, Villatoro E, Willson PD, Wa K, Mok J, Woodman T, Deguara J, Garcea G, Babu BI, Dennison AR, Malde D, Lloyd D, Satheesan S, Al-Taan O, Boddy A, Slavin JP, Jones RP, Ballance L, Gerakopoulos S, Jambulingam P, Mansour S, Sakai N, Acharya V, Sadat MM, Karim L, Larkin D, Amin K, Khan A, Law J, Jamdar S, Smith SR, Sampat K, M O'shea K, Manu M, Asprou FM, Malik NS, Chang J, Johnstone M, Lewis M, Roberts GP, Karavadra B, Photi E, Hewes J, Gould L, Chambers A, Rodriguez D, O'Reilly DA, Rate AJ, Sekhar H, Henderson LT, Starmer BZ, Coe PO, Tolofari S, Barrie J, Bashir G, Sloane J, Madanipour S, Halkias C, Trevatt AEJ, Borowski DW, Hornsby J, Courtney MJ, Virupaksha S, Seymour K, Robinson S, Hawkins H, Bawa S, Gallagher PV, Reid A, Wood P, Finch JG, Parmar J, Stirland E, Gardner-Thorpe J, Al-Muhktar A, Peterson M, Majeed A, Bajwa FM, Martin J, Choy A, Tsang A, Pore N, Andrew DR, Al-Khyatt W, Taylor C, Bhandari S, Chambers A, Subramanium D, Toh SKC, Carter NC, Mercer SJ, Knight B, Tate S, Pearce B, Wainwright D, Vijay V, Alagaratnam S, Sinha S, Khan S, El-Hasani SS, Hussain AA, Bhattacharya V, Kansal N, Fasih T, Jackson C, Siddiqui MN, Chishti IA, Fordham IJ, Siddiqui Z, Bausbacher H, Geogloma I, Gurung K, Tsavellas G, Basynat P, Kiran Shrestha A, Basu S, Chhabra Mohan Harilingam A, Rabie M, Akhtar M, Kumar P, Jafferbhoy SF, Hussain N, Raza S, Haque M, Alam I, Aseem R, Patel S, Asad M, Booth MI, Ball WR, Wood CPJ, Pinho-Gomes AC, Kausar A, Rami Obeidallah M, Varghase J, Lodhia J, Bradley D, Rengifo C, Lindsay D, Gopalswamy S, Finlay I, Wardle S, Bullen N, Iftikhar SY, Awan A, Ahmed J, Leeder P, Fusai G, Bond-Smith G, Psica A, Puri Y, Hou D, Noble F, Szentpali K, Broadhurst J, Date R, Hossack MR, Li Goh Y, Turner P, Shetty V, Riera M, Macano CAW, Sukha A, Preston SR, Hoban JR, Puntis DJ, Williams SV, Krysztopik R, Kynaston J, Batt J, Doe M, Goscimski A, Jones GH, Smith SR, Hall C, Carty N, Ahmed J, Panteleimonitis S, Gunasekera RT, Sheel ARG, Lennon H, Hindley C, Reddy M, Kenny R, Elkheir N, McGlone ER, Rajaganeshan R, Hancorn K, Hargreaves A, Prasad R, Longbotham DA, Vijayanand D, Wijetunga I, Ziprin P, Nicolay CR, Yeldham G, Read E, Gossage JA, Rolph RC, Ebied H, Phull M, Khan MA, Popplewell M, Kyriakidis D, Hussain A, Henley N, Packer JR, Derbyshire L, Porter J, Appleton S, Farouk M, Basra M, Jennings NA, Ali S, Kanakala V, Ali H, Lane R, Dickson-Lowe R, Zarsadias P, Mirza D, Puig S, Al Amari K, Vijayan D, Sutcliffe R, Marudanayagam R, Hamady Z, Prasad AR, Patel A, Durkin D, Kaur P, Bowen L, Byrne JP, Pearson KL, Delisle TG, Davies J, Tomlinson MA, Johnpulle MA, Slawinski C, Macdonald A, Nicholson J, Newton K, Mbuvi J, Farooq A, Sidhartha Mothe B, Zafrani Z, Brett D, Francombe J, Spreadborough P, Barnes J, Cheung M, Al-Bahrani AZ, Preziosi G, Urbonas T, Alberts J, Mallik M, Patel K, Segaran A, Doulias T, Sufi PA, Yao C, Pollock S, Manzelli A, Wajed S, Kourkulos M, Pezzuto R, Wadley M, Hamilton E, Jaunoo S, Padwick R, Sayegh M, Newton RC, Hebbar M, Farag SF, Spearman J, Hamdan MF, D'Costa C, Blane C, Giles M, Peter MB, Hirst NA, Hossain T, Pannu A, El-Dhuwaib Y, Morrison TEM, Taylor GW, Thompson RLE, McCune K, Loughlin P, Lawther R, Byrnes CK, Simpson DJ, Mawhinney A, Warren C, McKay D, McIlmunn C, Martin S, MacArtney M, Diamond T, Davey P, Jones C, Clements JM, Digney R, Chan WM, McCain S, Gull S, Janeczko A, Dorrian E, Harris A, Dawson S, Johnston D, McAree B, Ghareeb E, Thomas G, Connelly M, McKenzie S, Cieplucha K, Spence G, Campbell W, Hooks G, Bradley N, Hill ADK, Cassidy JT, Boland M, Burke P, Nally DM, Hill ADK, Khogali E, Shabo W, Iskandar E, McEntee GP, O'Neill MA, Peirce C, Lyons EM, O'Sullivan AW, Thakkar R, Carroll P, Ivanovski I, Balfe P, Lee M, Winter DC, Kelly ME, Hoti E, Maguire D, Karunakaran P, Geoghegan JG, Martin ST, McDermott F, Cross KS, Cooke F, Zeeshan S, Murphy JO, Mealy K, Mohan HM, Nedujchelyn Y, Fahad Ullah M, Ahmed I, Giovinazzo F, Milburn J, Prince S, Brooke E, Buchan J, Khalil AM, Vaughan EM, Ramage MI, Aldridge RC, Gibson S, Nicholson GA, Vass DG, Grant AJ, Holroyd DJ, Jones MA, Sutton CMLR, O'Dwyer P, Nilsson F, Weber B, Williamson TK, Lalla K, Bryant A, Carter CR, Forrest CR, Hunter DI, Nassar AH, Orizu MN, Knight K, Qandeel H, Suttie S, Belding R, McClarey A, Boyd AT, Guthrie GJK, Lim PJ, Luhmann A, Watson AJM, Richards CH, Nicol L, Madurska M, Harrison E, Boyce KM, Roebuck A, Ferguson G, Pati P, Wilson MSJ, Dalgaty F, Fothergill L, Driscoll PJ, Mozolowski KL, Banwell V, Bennett SP, Rogers PN, Skelly BL, Rutherford CL, Mirza AK, Lazim T, Lim HCC, Duke D, Ahmed T, Beasley WD, Wilkinson MD, Maharaj G, Malcolm C, Brown TH, Shingler GM, Mowbray N, Radwan R, Morcous P, Wood S, Kadhim A, Stewart DJ, Baker AL, Tanner N, Shenoy H, Hafiz S, Marchi JA, Singh-Ranger D, Hisham E, Ainley P, O'Neill S, Terrace J, Napetti S, Hopwood B, Rhys T, Downing J, Kanavati O, Coats M, Aleksandrov D, Kallaway C, Yahya S, Weber B, Templeton A, Trotter M, Lo C, Dhillon A, Heywood N, Aawsaj Y, Hamdan A, Reece-Bolton O, McGuigan A, Shahin Y, Ali A, Luther A, Nicholson JA, Rajendran I, Boal M, Ritchie J. Population-based cohort study of variation in the use of emergency cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder diseases. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1716-1726. [PMID: 27748962 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aims of this prospective population-based cohort study were to identify the patient and hospital characteristics associated with emergency cholecystectomy, and the influences of these in determining variations between hospitals.
Methods
Data were collected for consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy in acute UK and Irish hospitals between 1 March and 1 May 2014. Potential explanatory variables influencing the performance of emergency cholecystectomy were analysed by means of multilevel, multivariable logistic regression modelling using a two-level hierarchical structure with patients (level 1) nested within hospitals (level 2).
Results
Data were collected on 4744 cholecystectomies from 165 hospitals. Increasing age, lower ASA fitness grade, biliary colic, the need for further imaging (magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), endoscopic interventions (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) and admission to a non-biliary centre significantly reduced the likelihood of an emergency cholecystectomy being performed. The multilevel model was used to calculate the probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy for a woman aged 40 years or over with an ASA grade of I or II and a BMI of at least 25·0 kg/m2, who presented with acute cholecystitis with an ultrasound scan showing a thick-walled gallbladder and a normal common bile duct. The mean predicted probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy was 0·52 (95 per cent c.i. 0·45 to 0·57). The predicted probabilities ranged from 0·02 to 0·95 across the 165 hospitals, demonstrating significant variation between hospitals.
Conclusion
Patients with similar characteristics presenting to different hospitals with acute gallbladder pathology do not receive comparable care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R S Vohra
- Trent Oesophago-Gastric Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - S Pasquali
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - A J Kirkham
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Marriott
- West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Johnstone
- West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Spreadborough
- West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Alderson
- Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - E A Griffiths
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Fenwick
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Elmasry
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Q Nunes
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Kennedy
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - D Mason
- Wirral University Teaching Hospital
| | | | | | | | - S Jamel
- Barnet and Chase Farm Hospital
| | | | - S Zafar
- Barnet and Chase Farm Hospital
| | | | - N Samuel
- Barnsley District General Hospital
| | - F Dar
- Barnsley District General Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K Wheatley
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - T Nieto
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - S Ayaani
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - H Youssef
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | | | - H Watkin
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - D Naumann
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - S Emeshi
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | | | - K Lee
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - N Joji
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - J Heath
- Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R L Teasdale
- Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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| | - H Welbourn
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| | - L Forster
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| | - D Finch
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- University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust
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| | | | - W-M Ho
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| | - V Miu
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| | - T J White
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| | - K A Hodgkins
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| | - A Kinghorn
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| | - M G Tutton
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| | - Y A Al-Abed
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| | - D Menzies
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| | - A Ahmad
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| | - J Reed
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| | - S Khan
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| | - D Monk
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| | - L J Vitone
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| | - G Murtaza
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| | - A Joel
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| | - C Zhang
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| | - M Elsayed
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| | - L Tuck
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| | - J Wayman
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| | - K Carney
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| | - M Gough
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| | - T Wallace
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| | - S Singh
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| | - J Downing
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| | - K A Mockford
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| | - E Issa
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| | - N Shah
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| | - N Chauhan
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| | - T R Wilson
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| | - A Forouzanfar
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| | - J R L Wild
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| | - E Nofal
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| | - C Bunnell
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| | - K Madbak
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| | - S T V Rao
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| | - L Devoto
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| | - N Siddiqi
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| | - Z Khawaja
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| | - L Frank
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| | - M Al-Akash
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| | - M Hughes
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| | - C Jelley
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- Homerton University Hospital NHS Trust
| | - S Tayeh
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- Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Ogedegbe
- Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust
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- Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - C Arhi
- Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust
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- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Mok
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T Woodman
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Deguara
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - G Garcea
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | - B I Babu
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
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- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | - D Lloyd
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
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- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | - A Boddy
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | - J P Slavin
- Leighton Hospital, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R P Jones
- Leighton Hospital, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - L Ballance
- Leighton Hospital, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Gerakopoulos
- Leighton Hospital, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - P Jambulingam
- Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Mansour
- Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Sakai
- Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - V Acharya
- Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Macclesfield District General Hospital
| | - L Karim
- Macclesfield District General Hospital
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- Macclesfield District General Hospital
| | - K Amin
- Macclesfield District General Hospital
| | - A Khan
- Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Law
- Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Jamdar
- Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S R Smith
- Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Sampat
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- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust
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- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - J Chang
- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust
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- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - G P Roberts
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - B Karavadra
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - E Photi
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust
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- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
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- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
| | - H Hawkins
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| | - S Bawa
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
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- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
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- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
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- Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust
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- Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust
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- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Peterson
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Majeed
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- Peterborough City Hospital
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- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust
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- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust
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- Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust
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- The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust
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- The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust
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- The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust
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- Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust
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- Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust
| | - C Jackson
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- Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Raza
- Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Haque
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - I Alam
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - R Aseem
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - S Patel
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - M Asad
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - M I Booth
- Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Lindsay
- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal Derby NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal Derby NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal Derby NHS Foundation Trust
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- Hampshire Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Hampshire Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Y Li Goh
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J R Hoban
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D J Puntis
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S V Williams
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Trust
| | - M Doe
- Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Trust
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- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Carty
- Salisbury Hospital Foundation Trust
| | - J Ahmed
- Salisbury Hospital Foundation Trust
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- Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust
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- Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust
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- St George's Healthcare NHS Trust
| | - R Kenny
- St George's Healthcare NHS Trust
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- St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - A Hargreaves
- St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
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- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
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- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
| | - E Read
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
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- Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust
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- Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust
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- City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust
| | - V Kanakala
- City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust
| | - H Ali
- Tunbridge Wells and Maidstone NHS Trust
| | - R Lane
- Tunbridge Wells and Maidstone NHS Trust
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- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Puig
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Al Amari
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Vijayan
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R Sutcliffe
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - Z Hamady
- University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust
| | - A R Prasad
- University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust
| | - A Patel
- University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust
| | - D Durkin
- University Hospital of North Staffordshire NHS Trust
| | - P Kaur
- University Hospital of North Staffordshire NHS Trust
| | - L Bowen
- University Hospital of North Staffordshire NHS Trust
| | - J P Byrne
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K L Pearson
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T G Delisle
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Davies
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
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- University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Nicholson
- University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Newton
- University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Mbuvi
- University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Farooq
- Warrington and Halton Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | - Z Zafrani
- Warrington and Halton Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - D Brett
- Warrington and Halton Hospitals NHS Trust
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- South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Cheung
- South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust
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- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - E Hamilton
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - S Jaunoo
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - R Padwick
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - M Sayegh
- Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R C Newton
- Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Hebbar
- Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S F Farag
- Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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- Yeovil District Hospital NHS Trust
| | - M Giles
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M B Peter
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N A Hirst
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T Hossain
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Pannu
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - P Davey
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - C Jones
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - J M Clements
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - R Digney
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - W M Chan
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - S McCain
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - S Gull
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - A Janeczko
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - E Dorrian
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - A Harris
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - S Dawson
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - D Johnston
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - B McAree
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
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- University Hospital Limerick
| | | | - A D K Hill
- Louth County Hospital and Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital
| | - E Khogali
- Louth County Hospital and Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital
| | - W Shabo
- Louth County Hospital and Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital
| | - E Iskandar
- Louth County Hospital and Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital
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- St Luke's General Hospital Kilkenny
| | - M Lee
- St Luke's General Hospital Kilkenny
| | - D C Winter
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - M E Kelly
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - E Hoti
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - D Maguire
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - P Karunakaran
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - J G Geoghegan
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - S T Martin
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
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- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
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- Crosshouse Hospital, Ayrshire and Arran
| | | | - D G Vass
- Crosshouse Hospital, Ayrshire and Arran
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- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | - D Duke
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | - T Ahmed
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | - W D Beasley
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
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- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | - C Malcolm
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
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- Morriston and Singleton Hospitals
| | | | - S Wood
- Princess of Wales Hospital
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Floyd DM, Stein P, Wang Z, Liu J, Castro S, Clark JA, Connelly M, Zhu F, Holbrook G, Matheny A, Sigal MS, Min J, Dhinakaran R, Krishnan S, Bashyum S, Knapp S, Guy RK. Hit-to-Lead Studies for the Antimalarial Tetrahydroisoquinolone Carboxanilides. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7950-62. [PMID: 27505686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic whole-cell screening in erythrocytic cocultures of Plasmodium falciparum identified a series of dihydroisoquinolones that possessed potent antimalarial activity against multiple resistant strains of P. falciparum in vitro and show no cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. Systematic structure-activity studies revealed relationships between potency and modifications at N-2, C-3, and C-4. Careful structure-property relationship studies, coupled with studies of metabolism, addressed the poor aqueous solubility and metabolic vulnerability, as well as potential toxicological effects, inherent in the more potent primary screening hits such as 10b. Analogues 13h and 13i, with structural modifications at each site, were shown to possess excellent antimalarial activity in vivo. The (+)-(3S,4S) enantiomer of 13i and similar analogues were identified as the more potent. On the basis of these studies, we have selected (+)-13i for further study as a preclinical candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Floyd
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 United States
| | - Philip Stein
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 United States
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 United States
| | - Steve Castro
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 United States
| | - Julie A Clark
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 United States
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 United States
| | - Fangyi Zhu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 United States
| | - Gloria Holbrook
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 United States
| | - Amy Matheny
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 United States
| | - Martina S Sigal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 United States
| | - Jaeki Min
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 United States
| | - Rajkumar Dhinakaran
- Syngene International Ltd. , Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, India 560 099
| | - Senthil Krishnan
- Syngene International Ltd. , Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, India 560 099
| | - Sridevi Bashyum
- Syngene International Ltd. , Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, India 560 099
| | - Spencer Knapp
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 United States
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 United States
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Durcan L, Arbab-Zadeh A, Connelly M, Otvos J, Magder L, Petri M. THU0339 Non-Calcified Coronary Artery Plaque Associates with Adverse Lipoprotein Profiles in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus:. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wade S, Connelly M, Cregan S, Orr C, Veale D, Fearon U. OP0083 Mir-125a Decreased in Psa Synovium and Peripheral Blood CD14+ Monocytes and Correlates To Joint Angiogenesis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.5821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zhang J, Bowling JJ, Smithson D, Clark J, Jacob MR, Khan SI, Tekwani BL, Connelly M, Samoylenko V, Ibrahim MA, Zaki MA, Wang M, Hester JP, Tu Y, Jeffries C, Twarog N, Shelat AA, Walker LA, Muhammad I, Guy RK. Diversity-oriented natural product platform identifies plant constituents targeting Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J 2016; 15:270. [PMID: 27165106 PMCID: PMC4863362 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A diverse library of pre-fractionated plant extracts, generated by an automated high-throughput system, was tested using an in vitro anti-malarial screening platform to identify known or new natural products for lead development. The platform identifies hits on the basis of in vitro growth inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum and counter-screens for cytotoxicity to human foreskin fibroblast or embryonic kidney cell lines. The physical library was supplemented by early-stage collection of analytical data for each fraction to aid rapid identification of the active components within each screening hit. Results A total of 16,177 fractions from 1300 plants were screened, identifying several P. falciparum inhibitory fractions from 35 plants. Although individual fractions were screened for bioactivity to ensure adequate signal in the analytical characterizations, fractions containing less than 2.0 mg of dry weight were combined to produce combined fractions (COMBIs). Fractions of active COMBIs had EC50 values of 0.21–50.28 and 0.08–20.04 µg/mL against chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant strains, respectively. In Berberis thunbergii, eight known alkaloids were dereplicated quickly from its COMBIs, but berberine was the most-active constituent against P. falciparum. The triterpenoids α-betulinic acid and β-betulinic acid of Eugenia rigida were also isolated as hits. Validation of the anti-malarial discovery platform was confirmed by these scaled isolations from B. thunbergii and E. rigida. Conclusions These results demonstrate the value of curating and exploring a library of natural products for small molecule drug discovery. Attention given to the diversity of plant species represented in the library, focus on practical analytical data collection, and the use of counter-screens all facilitate the identification of anti-malarial compounds for lead development or new tools for chemical biology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1313-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - John J Bowling
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - David Smithson
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.,Genentech, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julie Clark
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Melissa R Jacob
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Babu L Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Vladimir Samoylenko
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA.,Keiser University, West Palm Beach, FL, USA
| | - Mohamed A Ibrahim
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Mohamed A Zaki
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA.,Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mei Wang
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - John P Hester
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Ying Tu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Cynthia Jeffries
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Nathaniel Twarog
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Anang A Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Larry A Walker
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Ilias Muhammad
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA.
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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Whitton B, Kinsey R, Waretini N, Toppin W, Connelly M, Byron K, Onus-Williams T, Steele A. P01.02 A regional sexual and reproductive health campaign providing clinical education and health promotion activities in 2015 for aboriginal health services and communities in the western district of victoria. Sex Transm Infect 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ling T, Tran M, González MA, Gautam LN, Connelly M, Wood RK, Fatima I, Miranda-Carboni G, Rivas F. (+)-Dehydroabietylamine derivatives target triple-negative breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 102:9-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Mohankumar KM, Currle DS, White E, Boulos N, Dapper J, Eden C, Nimmervoll B, Thiruvenkatam R, Connelly M, Kranenburg TA, Neale G, Olsen S, Wang YD, Finkelstein D, Wright K, Gupta K, Ellison DW, Thomas AO, Gilbertson RJ. An in vivo screen identifies ependymoma oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Nat Genet 2015; 47:878-87. [PMID: 26075792 PMCID: PMC4520751 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancers are characterized by non-random chromosome copy number alterations that presumably contain oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs). The affected loci are often large, making it difficult to pinpoint which genes are driving the cancer. Here we report a cross-species in vivo screen of 84 candidate oncogenes and 39 candidate TSGs, located within 28 recurrent chromosomal alterations in ependymoma. Through a series of mouse models, we validate eight new ependymoma oncogenes and ten new ependymoma TSGs that converge on a small number of cell functions, including vesicle trafficking, DNA modification and cholesterol biosynthesis, identifying these as potential new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumarasamypet M Mohankumar
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - David S Currle
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Elsie White
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nidal Boulos
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jason Dapper
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christopher Eden
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Birgit Nimmervoll
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Radhika Thiruvenkatam
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tanya A Kranenburg
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Geoffrey Neale
- Hartwell Center for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Scott Olsen
- Hartwell Center for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yong-Dong Wang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - David Finkelstein
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Karen Wright
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kirti Gupta
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - David W Ellison
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Arzu Onar Thomas
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Richard J Gilbertson
- 1] Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. [2] Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Ormseth M, Chung C, Oeser A, Connelly M, Sokka T, Raggi P, Solus J, Otvos J, Stein C. FRI0089 Utility of a Novel Inflammatory Marker, Glyca, for Assessment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity and Coronary Atherosclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.6003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ortiz D, Guiguemde WA, Johnson A, Elya C, Anderson J, Clark J, Connelly M, Yang L, Min J, Sato Y, Guy RK, Landfear SM. Identification of Selective Inhibitors of the Plasmodium falciparum Hexose Transporter PfHT by Screening Focused Libraries of Anti-Malarial Compounds. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123598. [PMID: 25894322 PMCID: PMC4404333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of resistance against current antimalarial drugs necessitates the search for novel drugs that interact with different targets and have distinct mechanisms of action. Malaria parasites depend upon high levels of glucose uptake followed by inefficient metabolic utilization via the glycolytic pathway, and the Plasmodium falciparum hexose transporter PfHT, which mediates uptake of glucose, has thus been recognized as a promising drug target. This transporter is highly divergent from mammalian hexose transporters, and it appears to be a permease that is essential for parasite viability in intra-erythrocytic, mosquito, and liver stages of the parasite life cycle. An assay was developed that is appropriate for high throughput screening against PfHT based upon heterologous expression of PfHT in Leishmania mexicana parasites that are null mutants for their endogenous hexose transporters. Screening of two focused libraries of antimalarial compounds identified two such compounds that are high potency selective inhibitors of PfHT compared to human GLUT1. Additionally, 7 other compounds were identified that are lower potency and lower specificity PfHT inhibitors but might nonetheless serve as starting points for identification of analogs with more selective properties. These results further support the potential of PfHT as a novel drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ortiz
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - W. Armand Guiguemde
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Alex Johnson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Elya
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - Johanna Anderson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - Julie Clark
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Jaeki Min
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Yuko Sato
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - R. Kiplin Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Scott M. Landfear
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Connelly M, Beals A, VanDerlip A, Weintraub R. Adapting global health professional virtual communities to the domestic
landscape: Reflections and lessons learned. Ann Glob Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2015.02.674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Goirigolzarri Artaza J, Gallego Delgado M, Jaimes Castellanos C, Cavero Gibanel M, Pastrana Ledesma M, Alonso Pulpon L, Gonzalez Mirelis J, Al Ansi RZ, Sokolovic S, Cerin G, Szychta W, Popa BA, Botezatu D, Benea D, Manganiello S, Corlan A, Jabour A, Igual Munoz B, Osaca Asensi J, Andres La Huerta A, Maceira Gonzalez A, Estornell Erill J, Cano Perez O, Sancho-Tello M, Alonso Fernandez P, Sepulveda Sanchez P, Montero Argudo A, Palombo C, Morizzo C, Baluci M, Kozakova M, Panajotu A, Karady J, Szeplaki G, Horvath T, Tarnoki D, Jermendy A, Geller L, Merkely B, Maurovich-Horvat P, Moustafa S, Mookadam F, Youssef M, Zuhairy H, Connelly M, Prieur T, Alvarez N, Ashikhmin Y, Drapkina O, Boutsikou M, Demerouti E, Leontiadis E, Petrou E, Karatasakis G, Kozakova M, Morizzo C, Bianchi V, Marchi B, Federico G, Palombo C, Chatzistamatiou E, Moustakas G, Memo G, Konstantinidis D, Mpampatzeva Vagena I, Manakos K, Traxanas K, Vergi N, Feretou A, Kallikazaros I, Goto M, Uejima T, Itatani K, Pedrizzetti G, Mada R, Daraban A, Duchenne J, Voigt J, Chiu DYY, Green D, Johnstone L, Sinha S, Kalra P, Abidin N, Sikora-Frac M, Zaborska B, Maciejewski P, Bednarz B, Budaj A, Nemes A, Sasi V, Gavaller H, Kalapos A, Domsik P, Katona A, Szucsborus T, Ungi T, Forster T, Ungi I, Pluchinotta F, Arcidiacono C, Saracino A, Carminati M, Bussadori C, Dahlslett T, Karlsen S, Grenne B, Sjoli B, Bendz B, Skulstad H, Smiseth O, Edvardsen T, Brunvand H, Vereckei A, Szelenyi Z, Szenasi G, Santoro C, Galderisi M, Niglio T, Santoro M, Stabile E, Rapacciuolo A, Spinelli L, De Simone G, Esposito G, Trimarco B, Hubert S, Jacquier A, Fromonot J, Resseguier C, Tessier A, Guieu R, Renard S, Haentjiens J, Lavoute C, Habib G, Menting ME, Koopman L, Mcghie J, Rebel B, Gnanam D, Helbing W, Van Den Bosch A, Roos-Hesselink J, Shiino K, Yamada A, Sugimoto K, Takada K, Takakuwa Y, Miyagi M, Iwase M, Ozaki Y, Hayashi T, Itatani K, Inuzuka R, Shindo T, Hirata Y, Shimizu N, Miyaji K, Henri C, Dulgheru R, Magne J, Kou S, Davin L, Nchimi A, Oury C, Pierard L, Lancellotti P, Kovalyova O, Honchar O, Tengku W, Ketaren A, Mingo Santos S, Monivas Palomero V, Restrepo Cordoba A, Rodriguez Gonzalez E, Goirigolzarri Artaza J, Sayago Silva I, Garcia Lunar I, Mitroi C, Cavero Gibanel M, Segovia Cubero J, Ryu S, Park J, Kim S, Choi J, Goh C, Byun Y, Choi J, Westholm C, Johnson J, Jernberg T, Winter R, Rio P, Moura Branco L, Galrinho A, Pinto Teixeira P, Viveiros Monteiro A, Portugal G, Pereira-Da-Silva T, Afonso Nogueira M, Abreu J, Cruz Ferreira R, Mazzone A, Botto N, Paradossi U, Chabane A, Francini M, Cerone E, Baroni M, Maffei S, Berti S, Ghattas A, Shantsila E, Griffiths H, Lip G, Galli E, Guirette Y, Daudin M, Auffret V, Mabo P, Donal E, Fabiani I, Conte L, Scatena C, Barletta V, Pratali S, De Martino A, Bortolotti U, Naccarato A, Di Bello V, Falanga G, Alati E, Di Giannuario G, Zito C, Cusma' Piccione M, Carerj S, Oreto G, Dattilo G, Alfieri O, La Canna G, Generati G, Bandera F, Pellegrino M, Alfonzetti E, Labate V, Guazzi M, Cengiz B, Sahin ST, Yurdakul S, Kahraman S, Bozkurt A, Aytekin S, Borges IP, Peixoto E, Peixoto R, Peixoto R, Marcolla V, Venkateshvaran A, Sola S, Dash PK, Thapa P, Manouras A, Winter R, Brodin L, Govind SC, Mizariene V, Verseckaite R, Bieseviciene M, Karaliute R, Jonkaitiene R, Vaskelyte J, Arzanauskiene R, Janenaite J, Jurkevicius R, Rosner S, Orban M, Nadjiri J, Lesevic H, Hadamitzky M, Sonne C, Manganaro R, Carerj S, Cusma-Piccione M, Caprino A, Boretti I, Todaro M, Falanga G, Oreto L, D'angelo M, Zito C, Le Tourneau T, Cueff C, Richardson M, Hossein-Foucher C, Fayad G, Roussel J, Trochu J, Vincentelli A, Cavalli G, Muraru D, Miglioranza M, Addetia K, Veronesi F, Cucchini U, Mihaila S, Tadic M, Lang R, Badano L, Polizzi V, Pino P, Luzi G, Bellavia D, Fiorilli R, Chialastri C, Madeo A, Malouf J, Buffa V, Musumeci F, Gripari P, Tamborini G, Bottari V, Maffessanti F, Carminati C, Muratori M, Vignati C, Bartorelli A, Alamanni F, Pepi M, Polymeros S, Dimopoulos A, Spargias K, Karatasakis G, Athanasopoulos G, Pavlides G, Dagres N, Vavouranakis E, Stefanadis C, Cokkinos D, Pradel S, Mohty D, Magne J, Darodes N, Lavergne D, Damy T, Beaufort C, Aboyans V, Jaccard A, Mzoughi K, Zairi I, Jabeur M, Ben Moussa F, Ben Chaabene A, Kamoun S, Mrabet K, Fennira S, Zargouni A, Kraiem S, Jovanova S, Arnaudova-Dezjulovic F, Correia CE, Cruz I, Marques N, Fernandes M, Bento D, Moreira D, Lopes L, Azevedo O, Keramida K, Kouris N, Kostopoulos V, Psarrou G, Giannaris V, Olympios C, Marketou M, Parthenakis F, Kalyva N, Pontikoglou C, Maragkoudakis S, Zacharis E, Patrianakos A, Roufas K, Papadaki H, Vardas P, Dominguez Rodriguez F, Monivas Palomero V, Mingo Santos S, Arribas Rivero B, Cuenca Parra S, Zegri Reiriz I, Vazquez Lopez-Ibor J, Garcia-Pavia P, Szulik M, Streb W, Wozniak A, Lenarczyk R, Sliwinska A, Kalarus Z, Kukulski T, Nemes A, Domsik P, Kalapos A, Forster T, Serra W, Lumetti F, Mozzani F, Del Sante G, Ariani A, Corros C, Colunga S, Garcia-Campos A, Diaz E, Martin M, Rodriguez-Suarez M, Leon V, Fidalgo A, Moris C, De La Hera J, Kylmala MM, Rosengard-Barlund M, Groop PH, Lommi J, Bruin De- Bon H, Bilt Van Der I, Wilde A, Brink Van Den R, Teske A, Rinkel G, Bouma B, Teixeira R, Monteiro R, Garcia J, Silva A, Graca M, Baptista R, Ribeiro M, Cardim N, Goncalves L, Duszanska A, Skoczylas I, Kukulski T, Polonski L, Kalarus Z, Choi JH, Park J, Ahn J, Lee J, Ryu S, Ahn J, Kim D, Lee H, Przewlocka-Kosmala M, Mlynarczyk J, Rojek A, Mysiak A, Kosmala W, Pellissier A, Larochelle E, Krsticevic L, Baron E, Le V, Roy A, Deragon A, Cote M, Garcia D, Tournoux F, Yiangou K, Azina C, Yiangou A, Zitti M, Ioannides M, Ricci F, Dipace G, Aquilani R, Radico F, Cicchitti V, Bianco F, Miniero E, Petrini F, De Caterina R, Gallina S, Jardim Prista Monteiro R, Teixeira R, Garcia J, Baptista R, Ribeiro M, Cardim N, Goncalves L, Chung H, Kim J, Joung B, Uhm J, Pak H, Lee M, Lee K, Ragab A, Abdelwahab A, Yazeed Y, El Naggar W, Spahiu K, Spahiu E, Doko A, Liesting C, Brugts J, Kofflard M, Kitzen J, Boersma E, Levin MD, Coppola C, Piscopo G, Rea D, Maurea C, Caronna A, Capasso I, Maurea N, Azevedo O, Tadeu I, Lourenco M, Portugues J, Pereira V, Lourenco A, Nesukay E, Kovalenko V, Cherniuk S, Danylenko O, Nemes A, Domsik P, Kalapos A, Lengyel C, Varkonyi T, Orosz A, Forster T, Castro M, Abecasis J, Dores H, Madeira S, Horta E, Ribeiras R, Canada M, Andrade M, Mendes M, Morosin M, Piazza R, Leonelli V, Leiballi E, Pecoraro R, Cinello M, Dell' Angela L, Cassin M, Sinagra G, Nicolosi G, Wierzbowska-Drabik K, Hamala P, Kasprzak J, O'driscoll J, Rossato C, Gargallo-Fernandez P, Araco M, Sharma S, Sharma R, Jakus N, Baricevic Z, Ljubas Macek J, Skoric B, Skorak I, Velagic V, Separovic Hanzevacki J, Milicic D, Cikes M, Deljanin Ilic M, Ilic S, Kocic G, Pavlovic R, Stoickov V, Ilic V, Nikolic L, Generati G, Bandera F, Pellegrino M, Alfonzetti E, Labate V, Guazzi M, Labate V, Bandera F, Generati G, Pellegrino M, Donghi V, Alfonzetti E, Guazzi M, Zakarkaite D, Kramena R, Aidietiene S, Janusauskas V, Rucinskas K, Samalavicius R, Norkiene I, Speciali G, Aidietis A, Kemaloglu Oz T, Ozpamuk Karadeniz F, Akyuz S, Unal Dayi S, Esen Zencirci A, Atasoy I, Osken A, Eren M, Fazendas PR, Caldeira D, Stuart B, Cruz I, Rocha Lopes L, Almeida AR, Sousa P, Joao I, Cotrim C, Pereira H, Fazendas PR, Caldeira D, Stuart B, Cruz I, Rocha Lopes L, Almeida AR, Joao I, Cotrim C, Pereira H, Sinem Cakal S, Elif Eroglu E, Baydar O, Beytullah Cakal B, Mehmet Vefik Yazicioglu M, Mustafa Bulut M, Cihan Dundar C, Kursat Tigen K, Birol Ozkan B, Ali Metin Esen A, Yagasaki H, Kawasaki M, Tanaka R, Minatoguchi S, Houle H, Warita S, Ono K, Noda T, Watanabe S, Minatoguchi S, Cho EJ, Park SJ, Lim HJ, Chang SA, Lee SC, Park SW, Cho EJ, Park SJ, Lim HJ, Chang SA, Lee SC, Park SW, Mornos C, Cozma D, Ionac A, Mornos A, Popescu I, Ionescu G, Pescariu S, Melzer L, Faeh-Gunz A, Seifert B, Attenhofer Jost CH, Storve S, Haugen B, Dalen H, Grue J, Samstad S, Torp H, Ferrarotti L, Maggi E, Piccinino C, Sola D, Pastore F, Marino P, Ranjbar S, Karvandi M, Hassantash S, Karvandi M, Ranjbar S, Tierens S, Remory I, Bala G, Gillis K, Hernot S, Droogmans S, Cosyns B, Lahoutte T, Tran N, Poelaert J, Al-Mallah M, Alsaileek A, Nour K, Celeng C, Horvath T, Kolossvary M, Karolyi M, Panajotu A, Kitslaar P, Merkely B, Maurovich Horvat P, Aguiar Rosa S, Ramos R, Marques H, Portugal G, Pereira Da Silva T, Rio P, Afonso Nogueira M, Viveiros Monteiro A, Figueiredo L, Cruz Ferreira R. Poster session 6. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 15:ii235-ii264. [PMCID: PMC4453635 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
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Min J, Attia RN, Arnold LA, Teske K, Connelly M, Lemieux G, Ashrafi K, Shelat A, Guy RK. Abstract 5389: Discovery of small molecule inhibitors of the interaction between PPARγ and SMRT. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-5389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The gamma isoform of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated nuclear hormone receptor that plays central roles in regulating adipogenesis and maintaining lipid and glucose homeostasis. PPARγ is the molecular target for the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class of antidiabetic drugs. While clinically efficacious, the TZDs exhibit significant side effects that are mechanistically linked to PPARγ including weight gain, edema, and heart failure. SMRT (silencing mediator of retinoid acid and thyroid hormone receptor) and NCoR (nuclear receptor corepressor) are transcriptional corepressors that are critical for normal PPARγ function and act by repressing PPARγ-mediated transcriptional activity in the absence of agonist ligands. In order to explore an alternate method of activating PPARγ signaling, we designed a biochemical assay for the purpose of high-throughput screening (HTS) to identify inhibitors of the interaction between PPARγ and corepressors from our in-house library compounds (292K), which might act as pharmacological agonists. Herein, we report the use of this method to discover small molecule inhibitors of the corepressor interaction with PPARγ. Following hit validation and evaluation, we identified small molecule inhibitors acting through this novel mechanism that potently induce a cellular response similar to the known PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone. In addition, we also confirmed that our hit compound revealed induced adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cell and reduced fat storage in C.elegans model. These findings highlight the potential of targeting the interaction of PPARγ and SMRT for the discovery of small molecule agonists of PPARγ.
Citation Format: Jaeki Min, Ramy Naguib Attia, Leggy A Arnold, Kelly Teske, Michele Connelly, George Lemieux, Kaveh Ashrafi, Anang Shelat, R. Kiplin Guy. Discovery of small molecule inhibitors of the interaction between PPARγ and SMRT. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5389. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5389
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeki Min
- 1St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | | | - Kelly Teske
- 2University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | | | - George Lemieux
- 3University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kaveh Ashrafi
- 3University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Anang Shelat
- 1St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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González MA, Clark J, Connelly M, Rivas F. Antimalarial activity of abietane ferruginol analogues possessing a phthalimide group. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5234-7. [PMID: 25316317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The abietane-type diterpenoid (+)-ferruginol, a bioactive compound isolated from New Zealand's Miro tree (Podocarpus ferruginea), displays relevant pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, cardioprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-plasmodial, leishmanicidal, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. Herein, we demonstrate that ferruginol (1) and some phthalimide containing analogues 2-12 have potential antimalarial activity. The compounds were evaluated against malaria strains 3D7 and K1, and cytotoxicity was measured against a mammalian cell line panel. A promising lead, compound 3, showed potent activity with an EC50 = 86 nM (3D7 strain), 201 nM (K1 strain) and low cytotoxicity in mammalian cells (SI>290). Some structure-activity relationships have been identified for the antimalarial activity in these abietane analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A González
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Julie Clark
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Fatima Rivas
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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Heyworth L, Kleinman K, Oddleifson S, Bernstein L, Frampton J, Lehrer M, Salvato K, Weiss TW, Simon SR, Connelly M. Comparison of interactive voice response, patient mailing, and mailed registry to encourage screening for osteoporosis: a randomized controlled trial. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1519-26. [PMID: 24566584 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2629-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Guidelines recommend screening for osteoporosis with bone mineral density (BMD) testing in menopausal women, particularly those with additional risk factors for fracture. Many eligible women remain unscreened. This randomized study demonstrates that a single outreach interactive voice response phone call improves rates of BMD screening among high-risk women age 50-64. INTRODUCTION Osteoporotic fractures are a major cause of disability and mortality. Guidelines recommend screening with BMD for menopausal women, particularly those with additional risk factors for fracture. However, many women remain unscreened. We examined whether telephonic interactive voice response (IVR) or patient mailing could increase rates of BMD testing in high risk, menopausal women. METHODS We studied 4,685 women age 50-64 years within a not-for-profit health plan in the United States. All women had risk factors for developing osteoporosis and no prior BMD testing or treatment for osteoporosis. Patients were randomly allocated to usual care, usual care plus IVR, or usual care plus mailed educational materials. To avoid contamination, patients within a single primary care physician practice were randomized to receive the same intervention. The primary endpoint was BMD testing at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included BMD testing at 6 months and medication use at 12 months. RESULTS Mean age was 57 years. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were similar across the three study groups. In adjusted analyses, the incidence of BMD screening was 24.6% in the IVR group compared with 18.6% in the usual care group (P < 0.001). There was no difference between the patient mailing group and the usual care group (P = 0.3). CONCLUSIONS In this large community-based randomized trial of high risk, menopausal women age 50-64, IVR, but not patient mailing, improved rates of BMD screening. IVR remains a viable strategy to incorporate in population screening interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Heyworth
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,
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Lotharius J, Gamo-Benito FJ, Angulo-Barturen I, Clark J, Connelly M, Ferrer-Bazaga S, Parkinson T, Viswanath P, Bandodkar B, Rautela N, Bharath S, Duffy S, Avery VM, Möhrle JJ, Guy RK, Wells T. Repositioning: the fast track to new anti-malarial medicines? Malar J 2014; 13:143. [PMID: 24731288 PMCID: PMC4021201 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repositioning of existing drugs has been suggested as a fast track for developing new anti-malarial agents. The compound libraries of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Pfizer and AstraZeneca (AZ) comprising drugs that have undergone clinical studies in other therapeutic areas, but not achieved approval, and a set of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and other bio-actives were tested against Plasmodium falciparum blood stages. METHODS Molecules were tested initially against erythrocytic co-cultures of P. falciparum to measure proliferation inhibition using one of the following methods: SYBR®I dye DNA staining assay (3D7, K1 or NF54 strains); [(3)H] hypoxanthine radioisotope incorporation assay (3D7 and 3D7A strain); or 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) DNA imaging assay (3D7 and Dd2 strains). After review of the available clinical pharmacokinetic and safety data, selected compounds with low μM activity and a suitable clinical profile were tested in vivo either in a Plasmodium berghei four-day test or in the P. falciparum Pf3D7(0087/N9) huSCID 'humanized' mouse model. RESULTS Of the compounds included in the GSK and Pfizer sets, 3.8% (9/238) had relevant in vitro anti-malarial activity while 6/100 compounds from the AZ candidate drug library were active. In comparison, around 0.6% (24/3,800) of the FDA-approved drugs and other bio-actives were active. After evaluation of available clinical data, four investigational drugs, active in vitro were tested in the P. falciparum humanized mouse model: UK-112,214 (PAF-H1 inhibitor), CEP-701 (protein kinase inhibitor), CEP-1347 (protein kinase inhibitor), and PSC-833 (p-glycoprotein inhibitor). Only UK-112,214 showed significant efficacy against P. falciparum in vivo, although at high doses (ED90 131.3 mg/kg [95% CI 112.3, 156.7]), and parasitaemia was still present 96 hours after treatment commencement. Of the six actives from the AZ library, two compounds (AZ-1 and AZ-3) were marginally efficacious in vivo in a P. berghei model. CONCLUSIONS Repositioning of existing therapeutics in malaria is an attractive proposal. Compounds active in vitro at μM concentrations were identified. However, therapeutic concentrations may not be effectively achieved in mice or humans because of poor bio-availability and/or safety concerns. Stringent safety requirements for anti-malarial drugs, given their widespread use in children, make this a challenging area in which to reposition therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lotharius
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), PO Box 1826, 20 rte de Pré-Bois, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | | | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- Diseases of the Developing World Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline, Madrid, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - Julie Clark
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Santiago Ferrer-Bazaga
- Diseases of the Developing World Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline, Madrid, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Nikhil Rautela
- AstraZeneca India Pvt Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India
| | - Sowmya Bharath
- AstraZeneca India Pvt Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Discovery Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Jörg J Möhrle
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), PO Box 1826, 20 rte de Pré-Bois, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Timothy Wells
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), PO Box 1826, 20 rte de Pré-Bois, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
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Layden J, Connelly M, Sandeman K, Hekerem D, Alexander H, McLoughlin P, Tyrrell P. UNDERSTANDING PALLIATIVE AND END OF LIFE CARE THROUGH STAKEHOLDER AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000653.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zhai B, Clark J, Ling T, Connelly M, Medina-Bolivar F, Rivas F. Antimalarial evaluation of the chemical constituents of hairy root culture of Bixa orellana L. Molecules 2014; 19:756-66. [PMID: 24406786 PMCID: PMC6271036 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19010756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 216 million malaria cases are reported annually worldwide and about a third of these cases, primarily children under the age of five years old, will not survive the infection. Despite this significant world health impact, only a limited number of therapeutic agents are currently available. The lack of scaffold diversity poses a threat in the event that multi-drug–resistant strains emerge. Terrestrial natural products have provided a major source of chemical diversity for starting materials in many FDA approved drugs over the past century. Bixa orellana L. is a popular plant used in South America for the treatment of malaria. In search of new potential therapeutic agents, the chemical constituents of a selected hairy root culture line of Bixa orellana L. were characterized utilizing NMR and mass spectrometry methods, followed by its biological evaluation against malaria strains 3D7 and K1. The crude extract and its isolated compounds demonstrated EC50 values in the micromolar range. Herein, we report our findings on the chemical constituents of Bixa orellana L. from hairy roots responsible for the observed antimalarial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhai
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, P.O. Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Julie Clark
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, P.O. Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Taotao Ling
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, P.O. Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, P.O. Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Fabricio Medina-Bolivar
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, P.O. Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Fatima Rivas
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, P.O. Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA.
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N'Da D, Lombard M, Clark J, Connelly M, Matheny A, Sigal M, Guy K. Antiplasmodial Activity and Cytotoxicity of 10β-Aminoquinolinylethylethers of Artemisinin. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2013; 63:104-8. [PMID: 23427052 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1333295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. N'Da
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - M. Lombard
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - J. Clark
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, US
| | - M. Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, US
| | - A. Matheny
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, US
| | - M. Sigal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, US
| | - K. Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, US
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Eisenberg D, Buring J, Hrbek A, Davis R, Connelly M, Cherkin D, Levy D, Cunningham M, O'Connor B, Post D. OA11.02. A model of integrative care for low back pain. Altern Ther Health Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373735 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-o42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mitachi K, Salinas YG, Connelly M, Jensen N, Ling T, Rivas F. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of disubstituted benzamides as a novel class of antimalarial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4536-9. [PMID: 22727641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a devastating world health problem. Using a compound library screening approach, we identified a novel series of disubstituted benzamide compounds with significant activity against malaria strains 3D7 and K1. These compounds represent a new antimalarial molecular scaffold exemplified by compound 1, which demonstrated EC(50) values of 60 and 430 nM against strains 3D7 and K1, respectively. Herein we report our findings on the efficient synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and biological activity of this new class of antimalarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Mitachi
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
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Punchihewa C, Inoue A, Hishiki A, Fujikawa Y, Connelly M, Evison B, Shao Y, Heath R, Kuraoka I, Rodrigues P, Hashimoto H, Kawanishi M, Sato M, Yagi T, Fujii N. Identification of small molecule proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) inhibitor that disrupts interactions with PIP-box proteins and inhibits DNA replication. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:14289-300. [PMID: 22383522 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.353201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have discovered that 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) inhibits binding of a PIP-box sequence peptide to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein by competing for the same binding site, as evidenced by the co-crystal structure of the PCNA-T3 complex at 2.1 Å resolution. Based on this observation, we have designed a novel, non-peptide small molecule PCNA inhibitor, T2 amino alcohol (T2AA), a T3 derivative that lacks thyroid hormone activity. T2AA inhibited interaction of PCNA/PIP-box peptide with an IC(50) of ~1 μm and also PCNA and full-length p21 protein, the tightest PCNA ligand protein known to date. T2AA abolished interaction of PCNA and DNA polymerase δ in cellular chromatin. De novo DNA synthesis was inhibited by T2AA, and the cells were arrested in S-phase. T2AA inhibited growth of cancer cells with induction of early apoptosis. Concurrently, Chk1 and RPA32 in the chromatin are phosphorylated, suggesting that T2AA causes DNA replication stress by stalling DNA replication forks. T2AA significantly inhibited translesion DNA synthesis on a cisplatin-cross-linked template in cells. When cells were treated with a combination of cisplatin and T2AA, a significant increase in phospho(Ser(139))histone H2AX induction and cell growth inhibition was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandanamali Punchihewa
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
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Hwang JY, Huang W, Arnold LA, Huang R, Attia RR, Connelly M, Wichterman J, Zhu F, Augustinaite I, Austin CP, Inglese J, Johnson RL, Guy RK. Methylsulfonylnitrobenzoates, a new class of irreversible inhibitors of the interaction of the thyroid hormone receptor and its obligate coactivators that functionally antagonizes thyroid hormone. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:11895-908. [PMID: 21321127 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.200436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor (NR) superfamily and regulate development, growth, and metabolism. Upon binding thyroid hormone, TR undergoes a conformational change that allows the release of corepressors and the recruitment of coactivators, which in turn regulate target gene transcription. Although a number of TR antagonists have been developed, most are analogs of the endogenous hormone that inhibit ligand binding. In a screen for inhibitors that block the association of TRβ with steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC2), we identified a novel methylsulfonylnitrobenzoate (MSNB)-containing series that blocks this interaction at micromolar concentrations. Here we have studied a series of MSNB analogs and characterized their structure activity relationships. MSNB members do not displace thyroid hormone T3 but instead act by direct displacement of SRC2. MSNB series members are selective for the TR over the androgen, vitamin D, and PPARγ NR members, and they antagonize thyroid hormone-activated transcription action in cells. The methylsulfonylnitro group is essential for TRβ antagonism. Side-chain alkylamine substituents showed better inhibitory activity than arylamine substituents. Mass spectrum analysis suggested that MSNB inhibitors bind irreversibly to Cys-298 within the AF-2 cleft of TRβ to disrupt SRC2 association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Yeon Hwang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
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Rao C, Bui T, Connelly M, Doyle G, Karydis I, Middleton MR, Clack G, Malone M, Coumans FAW, Terstappen LWMM. Circulating melanoma cells and survival in metastatic melanoma. Int J Oncol 2011; 38:755-60. [PMID: 21206975 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2011.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A validated assay for the enumeration of circulating melanoma cells (CMCs) may facilitate the development of more effective therapies for metastatic melanoma patients. In this study CD146+ cells were immunomagnetically enriched from 7.5 ml of blood. Isolated cells were fluorescently stained with DAPI, anti-molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA), anti-CD45 and CD34 and Ki67. CMCs were identified as CD146+, HMW-MAA+, CD45-, CD34-, Ki67-/+ cells. Eighty-eight percent of spiked SK-MEL28 cells in 7.5 ml blood were recovered. In all 55 healthy donors ≤1 CMCs were detected in 7.5 ml of blood. A retrospective analysis was conducted comparing CMC counts and overall survival in 79 blood samples from 44 melanoma patients. CMCs ranged from 0 to 8,042 per 7.5 ml. Two or more CMCs were detected in 18 (23%) of the patients and 30-100% (mean 84%) of the CMCs expressed the proliferation marker Ki67. Patients with ≥2 CMCs per 7.5 ml of whole blood, as compared with the group with <2 CMCs, had a shorter overall survival (2.0 months vs. 12.1 months, P=0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rao
- Veridex LLC, Huntingdon Valley, PA, USA
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Zhang Y, Anderson M, Weisman JL, Lu M, Choy CJ, Boyd VA, Price J, Sigal M, Clark J, Connelly M, Zhu F, Guiguemde WA, Jeffries C, Yang L, Lemoff A, Liou AP, Webb TR, DeRisi JL, Guy RK. Evaluation of Diarylureas for Activity Against Plasmodium falciparum. ACS Med Chem Lett 2010; 1:460-465. [PMID: 21243104 DOI: 10.1021/ml100083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A library of diarylurea IGFR inhibitors was screened for activity against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (K1) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The 4-aminoquinaldine-derived diarylureas displayed promising antimalarial potency. Further exploration of the B ring of 4-aminoquinaldinyl ureas allowed identification of several quinaldin-4-yl ureas 4{13, 39} and 4{13, 58} sufficiently potent against both 3D7 and K1 strains to qualify as bone fide leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhang
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Marc Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132-4163
| | - Jennifer L. Weisman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology
| | - Min Lu
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Cindy J. Choy
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630
| | - Vincent A. Boyd
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Jeanine Price
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Martina Sigal
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Julie Clark
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Michele Connelly
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Fangyi Zhu
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - W. Armand Guiguemde
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Cynthia Jeffries
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Lei Yang
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Andrew Lemoff
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | | | - Thomas R. Webb
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | | | - R. Kiplin Guy
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
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Guiguemde WA, Shelat AA, Bouck D, Duffy S, Crowther GJ, Davis PH, Smithson DC, Connelly M, Clark J, Zhu F, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Martinez MS, Wilson EB, Tripathi AK, Gut J, Sharlow ER, Bathurst I, El Mazouni F, Fowble JW, Forquer I, McGinley PL, Castro S, Angulo-Barturen I, Ferrer S, Rosenthal PJ, Derisi JL, Sullivan DJ, Lazo JS, Roos DS, Riscoe MK, Phillips MA, Rathod PK, Van Voorhis WC, Avery VM, Guy RK. Chemical genetics of Plasmodium falciparum. Nature 2010; 465:311-5. [PMID: 20485428 PMCID: PMC2874979 DOI: 10.1038/nature09099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is a catastrophic disease worldwide (880,000 deaths yearly). Vaccine development has proved difficult and resistance has emerged for most antimalarials. In order to discover new antimalarial chemotypes, we have employed a phenotypic forward chemical genetic approach to assay 309,474 chemicals. Here we disclose structures and biological activity of the entire library, many of which exhibited potent in vitro activity against drug resistant strains, and detailed profiling of 172 representative candidates. A reverse chemical genetic study identified 19 new inhibitors of 4 validated drug targets and 15 novel binders among 61 malarial proteins. Phylochemogenetic profiling in multiple organisms revealed similarities between Toxoplasma gondii and mammalian cell lines and dissimilarities between P. falciparum and related protozoans. One exemplar compound displayed efficacy in a murine model. Overall, our findings provide the scientific community with new starting points for malaria drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Armand Guiguemde
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
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Uddin MJ, Smithson DC, Brown KM, Crews BC, Connelly M, Zhu F, Marnett LJ, Guy RK. Podophyllotoxin analogues active versus Trypanosoma brucei. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1787-91. [PMID: 20129783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 12/29/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to discover novel anti-trypanosomal compounds, a series of podophyllotoxin analogues coupled to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been synthesized and evaluated for activity versus Trypanosoma brucei and a panel of human cell lines, revealing compounds with low nano-molar potencies. It was discovered that coupling of NSAIDs to podophyllotoxin increased the potencies of both compounds over 1300-fold. The compounds were shown to be cytostatic in nature and seem to act via de-polymerization of tubulin in a manner consistent with the known activities of podophyllotoxin. The potencies against T. brucei correlated directly with LogP values of the compounds, suggesting that the conjugates are acting as hydrophobic tags allowing podophyllotoxin to enter the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jashim Uddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Mallari JP, Shelat AA, Kosinski A, Caffrey CR, Connelly M, Zhu F, McKerrow JH, Guy RK. Structure-guided development of selective TbcatB inhibitors. J Med Chem 2009; 52:6489-93. [PMID: 19769357 DOI: 10.1021/jm900908p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The trypanosomal cathepsin TbcatB is essential for parasite survival and is an attractive therapeutic target. Herein we report the structure-guided development of TbcatB inhibitors with specificity relative to rhodesain and human cathepsins B and L. Inhibitors were tested for enzymatic activity, trypanocidal activity, and general cytotoxicity. These data chemically validate TbcatB as a drug target and demonstrate that it is possible to potently and selectively inhibit TbcatB relative to trypanosomal and human homologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P Mallari
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, USA
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Hwang JY, Smithson D, Connelly M, Maier J, Zhu F, Guy KR. Discovery of halo-nitrobenzamides with potential application against human African trypanosomiasis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 20:149-52. [PMID: 19963377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2009] [Revised: 11/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of halo-nitrobenzamide were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to block proliferation of Trypanosoma brucei brucei. A number of these compounds had significant activity against the parasite, particularly 2-chloro-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-nitrobenzamide 17 which exhibited low micromolar inhibitory potency against T. brucei and selectivity towards both malaria and mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Yeon Hwang
- St Jude Children's Hospital, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
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Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR), which mediates the signals of androgens, plays a crucial role in prostate-related diseases. Although widely used, currently marketed anti-androgenic drugs have significant side effects. Several studies have revealed that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as flufenamic acid, block AR transcriptional activity. Herein we describe the development of small molecule analogues of flufenamic acid that antagonize AR. This novel class of AR inhibitors binds to the hormone binding site, blocks AR transcription activity, and acts on AR target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Féau
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 1000, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Leggy A. Arnold
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 1000, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Aaron Kosinski
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 1000, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Fangyi Zhu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 1000, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 1000, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - R. Kiplin Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 1000, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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Mallari JP, Shelat A, Kosinski A, Caffrey CR, Connelly M, Zhu F, McKerrow JH, Guy RK. Discovery of trypanocidal thiosemicarbazone inhibitors of rhodesain and TbcatB. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:2883-5. [PMID: 18420405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei. The cysteine proteases of T. brucei have been shown to be crucial for parasite replication and represent an attractive point for therapeutic intervention. Herein we describe the synthesis of a series of thiosemicarbazones and their activity against the trypanosomal cathepsins TbcatB and rhodesain, as well as human cathepsins L and B. The activity of these compounds was determined against cultured T. brucei, and specificity was assessed with a panel of four mammalian cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P Mallari
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-2280, USA
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Mallari JP, Shelat AA, Obrien T, Caffrey CR, Kosinski A, Connelly M, Harbut M, Greenbaum D, McKerrow JH, Guy RK. Development of Potent Purine-Derived Nitrile Inhibitors of the Trypanosomal Protease TbcatB. J Med Chem 2008; 51:545-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jm070760l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P. Mallari
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
| | - Anang A. Shelat
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
| | - Terri Obrien
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
| | - Conor R. Caffrey
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
| | - Aaron Kosinski
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
| | - Michele Connelly
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
| | - Michael Harbut
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
| | - Doron Greenbaum
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
| | - James H. McKerrow
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
| | - R. Kiplin Guy
- Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280, Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee 38105, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19146
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Romer JT, Kimura H, Magdaleno S, Sasai K, Fuller C, Baines H, Connelly M, Stewart CF, Gould S, Rubin LL, Curran T. Suppression of the Shh pathway using a small molecule inhibitor eliminates medulloblastoma in Ptc1(+/-)p53(-/-) mice. Cancer Cell 2004; 6:229-40. [PMID: 15380514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2004] [Revised: 08/02/2004] [Accepted: 08/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Current treatment is associated with major long-term side effects; therefore, new nontoxic therapies, targeting specific molecular defects in this cancer, need to be developed. We use a mouse model of medulloblastoma to show that inhibition of the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway provides a novel therapy for medulloblastoma. A small molecule inhibitor of the Shh pathway, HhAntag, blocked the function of Smoothened in mice with medulloblastoma. This resulted in suppression of several genes highly expressed in medulloblastoma, inhibition of cell proliferation, increase in cell death and, at the highest dose, complete eradication of tumors. Long-term treatment with HhAntag prolonged medulloblastoma-free survival. These findings support the development of Shh antagonists for the treatment of medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna T Romer
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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Abstract
Multiple imaging modalities are available for investigating patients with a suspected periampullary neoplasm. The relative utility of each imaging modality is discussed regarding its role in diagnosis and staging. A general imaging approach to patients with a distal biliary obstruction also is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Walsh
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk A80, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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Lee Y, Miller HL, Jensen P, Hernan R, Connelly M, Wetmore C, Zindy F, Roussel MF, Curran T, Gilbertson RJ, McKinnon PJ. A molecular fingerprint for medulloblastoma. Cancer Res 2003; 63:5428-37. [PMID: 14500378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. In mice, Ptc1 haploinsufficiency and disruption of DNA repair (DNA ligase IV inactivation) or cell cycle regulation (Kip1, Ink4d, or Ink4c inactivation), in conjunction with p53 dysfunction, predispose to medulloblastoma. To identify genes important for this tumor, we evaluated gene expression profiles in medulloblastomas from these mice. Unexpectedly, medulloblastoma expression profiles were very similar among tumors and also to those of developing cerebellum. However, 21 genes were specifically up-regulated in medulloblastoma, including sFrp1, Ptc2, and Math1, members of signaling pathways that regulate cerebellar development. Coordinated deregulation of these same genes also occurred in a large subset of human medulloblastomas. These data identify a group of genes that is central to medulloblastoma tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsoo Lee
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
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Gilbertson RJ, Bentley L, Hernan R, Junttila TT, Frank AJ, Haapasalo H, Connelly M, Wetmore C, Curran T, Elenius K, Ellison DW. ERBB receptor signaling promotes ependymoma cell proliferation and represents a potential novel therapeutic target for this disease. Clin Cancer Res 2002; 8:3054-64. [PMID: 12374672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate the biological and therapeutic significance of ERBB1, ERBB2, ERBB3, and ERBB4 in childhood ependymoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression frequency and clinical significance of ERBB1-4 was analyzed in a large cohort of pediatric ependymoma (n = 121) using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and reverse transcription-PCR analysis. Histological markers of anaplasia (necrosis, microvascular proliferation, and Ki-67 proliferative index) were also determined. Functional assessment of ERBB-dependent cell signaling and proliferation, in addition to novel therapeutic inhibition of these processes, was conducted using short-term cultures of human ependymoma cells. RESULTS Coexpression of ERBB2 and ERBB4 was identified in over 75% of tumors. High-level coexpression of these receptors was significantly related to tumor proliferative activity [P < 0.05; Ki-67 labeling index (LI)] and, in combined survival analysis of clinical (degree of surgical resection) and molecular (ERBB2/ERBB4 expression status and Ki-67 LI) factors, enabled a greater resolution of patient prognosis than any individual variable alone. Ligand-dependent activation of ERBB receptor-signaling in cultured ependymoma cells resulted in AKT phosphorylation and cellular proliferation that was significantly blocked in a dose-dependent manner using WAY-177820, a novel inhibitor of ERBB2 tyrosine kinase activity. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that ERBB receptor signaling results in aggressive disease behavior in ependymoma by promoting tumor cell proliferation. An analysis of ERBB2 and ERBB4 expression, in association with Ki-67 LI and the degree of surgical resection, may provide an accurate tool for assessing disease risk in children with this disease. In addition, these receptors may serve as a target for novel therapeutic approaches in ependymoma.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Southern
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Division
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms/genetics
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms/metabolism
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms/pathology
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Cohort Studies
- Ependymoma/genetics
- Ependymoma/metabolism
- Ependymoma/pathology
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- In Vitro Techniques
- Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism
- Male
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-3/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-3/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-4
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Risk Factors
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Gilbertson
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA. Richard.
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Therrien J, Gatzoulis M, Graham T, Bink-Boelkens M, Connelly M, Niwa K, Mulder B, Pyeritz R, Perloff J, Somerville J, Webb GD. Canadian Cardiovascular Society Consensus Conference 2001 update: Recommendations for the Management of Adults with Congenital Heart Disease--Part II. Can J Cardiol 2001; 17:1029-50. [PMID: 11694894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
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