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Chandel P, Thapa K, Kanojia N, Rani L, Rohilla P. Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Phytoconstituents as a Gut Microbiota Modulator in the Management of Neurological and Psychological Disorders. Neuroscience 2024:S0306-4522(24)00188-X. [PMID: 38754721 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The functioning of the brain and its impact on behavior, emotions, and cognition can be affected by both neurological and psychiatric disorders that impose a significant burden on global health. Phytochemicals are helpful in the treatment of several neurological and psychological disorders, including anxiety, depression, Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), because they have symptomatic benefits with few adverse reactions. Changes in gut microbiota have been associated with many neurological and psychiatric conditions. This review focuses on the potential efficacy of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyphenols in regulating gut flora and providing symptomatic relief for a range of neurological and psychological conditions. Evidence-based research has shown the medicinal potentials of these phytochemicals, but additional study is required to determine whether altering gut microbiota might slow the advancement of neurological and psychological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarit Chandel
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Komal Thapa
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Lata Rani
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pulkit Rohilla
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Singh A, Kukal S, Kanojia N, Singh M, Saso L, Kukreti S, Kukreti R. Lipid Mediated Brain Disorders: A Perspective. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 167:106737. [PMID: 37086954 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
The brain, one of the most resilient organs of the body is highly enriched in lipid content, suggesting the essential role of lipids in brain physiological activities. Lipids constitute an important structural part of the brain and act as a rich source of metabolic energy. Besides, lipids in their bioactive form (known as bioactive lipids) play an essential signaling and regulatory role, facilitating neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and cell-cell communication. Brain lipid metabolism is thus a tightly regulated process. Any alteration/dysregulation of lipid metabolism greatly impact brain health and activity. Moreover, since central nervous system (CNS) is the most metabolically active system and lacks an efficient antioxidative defence system, it acts as a hub for the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent lipid peroxidation. These peroxidation events are reported during pathological changes such as neuronal tissue injury and inflammation. Present review is a modest attempt to gain insights into the role of dysregulated bioactive lipid levels and lipid oxidation status in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. This may open up new avenues exploiting lipids as the therapeutic targets for improving brain health, and treatment of nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India; Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi 110007, India
| | - Samiksha Kukal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mahak Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Shrikant Kukreti
- Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi 110007, India
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India.
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Kukal S, Thakran S, Kanojia N, Yadav S, Mishra MK, Guin D, Singh P, Kukreti R. Genic-intergenic polymorphisms of CYP1A genes and their clinical impact. Gene 2023; 857:147171. [PMID: 36623673 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The humancytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) subfamily genes, CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, encoding monooxygenases are critically involved in biotransformation of key endogenous substrates (estradiol, arachidonic acid, cholesterol) and exogenous compounds (smoke constituents, carcinogens, caffeine, therapeutic drugs). This suggests their significant involvement in multiple biological pathways with a primary role of maintaining endogenous homeostasis and xenobiotic detoxification. Large interindividual variability exist in CYP1A gene expression and/or catalytic activity of the enzyme, which is primarily due to the existence of polymorphic alleles which encode them. These polymorphisms (mainly single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) have been extensively studied as susceptibility factors in a spectrum of clinical phenotypes. An in-depth understanding of the effects of polymorphic CYP1A genes on the differential metabolic activity and the resulting biological pathways is needed to explain the clinical implications of CYP1A polymorphisms. The present review is intended to provide an integrated understanding of CYP1A metabolic activity with unique substrate specificity and their involvement in physiological and pathophysiological roles. The article further emphasizes on the impact of widely studied CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 SNPs and their complex interaction with non-genetic factors like smoking and caffeine intake on multiple clinical phenotypes. Finally, we attempted to discuss the alterations in metabolism/physiology concerning the polymorphic CYP1A genes, which may underlie the reported clinical associations. This knowledge may provide insights into the disease pathogenesis, risk stratification, response to therapy and potential drug targets for individuals with certain CYP1A genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Kukal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sarita Thakran
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Saroj Yadav
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Manish Kumar Mishra
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Debleena Guin
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Pooja Singh
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Kukal S, Bora S, Kanojia N, Singh P, Paul PR, Rawat C, Sagar S, Bhatraju NK, Grewal GK, Singh A, Kukreti S, Satyamoorthy K, Kukreti R. Valproic Acid-Induced Upregulation of Multidrug Efflux Transporter ABCG2/BCRP via PPAR α-Dependent Mechanism in Human Brain Endothelial Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2023; 103:145-157. [PMID: 36414374 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.122.000568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress made in the development of new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), poor response to them is a rising concern in epilepsy treatment. Of several hypotheses explaining AED treatment failure, the most promising theory is the overexpression of multidrug transporters belonging to ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family at blood-brain barrier. Previous data show that AEDs themselves can induce these transporters, in turn affecting their own brain bioavailability. Presently, this induction and the underlying regulatory mechanism involved at human blood-brain barrier is not well elucidated. Herein, we sought to explore the effect of most prescribed first- and second-line AEDs on multidrug transporters in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, hCMEC/D3. Our work demonstrated that exposure of these cells to valproic acid (VPA) induced mRNA, protein, and functional activity of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2). On examining the substrate interaction status of AEDs with BCRP, VPA, phenytoin, and lamotrigine were found to be potential BCRP substrates. Furthermore, we observed that siRNA-mediated knockdown of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) or use of PPARα antagonist, resulted in attenuation of VPA-induced BCRP expression and transporter activity. VPA was found to increase PPARα expression and trigger its translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus. Findings from chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays showed that VPA enhances the binding of PPARα to its response element in the ABCG2 promoter, resulting in elevated ABCG2 transcriptional activity. Taken together, these in vitro findings highlight PPARα as the potential molecular target to prevent VPA-mediated BCRP induction, which may have important implications in VPA pharmacoresistance. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Induction of multidrug transporters at blood-brain barrier can largely affect the bioavailability of the substrate antiepileptic drugs in the brains of patients with epilepsy, thus affecting their therapeutic efficacy. The present study reports a mechanistic pathway of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) upregulation by valproic acid in human brain endothelial cells via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha involvement, thereby providing a potential strategy to prevent valproic acid pharmacoresistance in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Kukal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Shivangi Bora
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Pooja Singh
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Priyanka Rani Paul
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Chitra Rawat
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Shakti Sagar
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Naveen Kumar Bhatraju
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Gurpreet Kaur Grewal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Anju Singh
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Shrikant Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, India (S.K., S.B., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., N.K.B., R.K.); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India (S.K., N.K., P.S., P.R.P., C.R., S.S., R.K.); Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (S.B.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India (G.K.G.); Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (A.S., S.K) and Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India (A.S.); and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (K.S.)
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Kanojia N, Thapa K, Kaur G, Sharma A, Puri V, Verma N. Update on Therapeutic potential of emerging nanoformulations of phytocompounds in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Puri V, Kanojia N, Sharma A, Huanbutta K, Dheer D, Sangnim T. Natural product-based pharmacological studies for neurological disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1011740. [PMID: 36419628 PMCID: PMC9676372 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1011740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders and diseases are expected to rise sharply in the coming years, partly because of the world's aging population. Medicines for the treatment of the CNS have not been successfully made. Inadequate knowledge about the brain, pharmacokinetic and dynamic errors in preclinical studies, challenges with clinical trial design, complexity and variety of human brain illnesses, and variations in species are some potential scenarios. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are multifaceted and lack identifiable etiological components, and the drugs developed to treat them did not meet the requirements of those who anticipated treatments. Therefore, there is a great demand for safe and effective natural therapeutic adjuvants. For the treatment of NDDs and other memory-related problems, many herbal and natural items have been used in the Ayurvedic medical system. Anxiety, depression, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's diseases (AD), as well as a plethora of other neuropsychiatric disorders, may benefit from the use of plant and food-derived chemicals that have antidepressant or antiepileptic properties. We have summarized the present level of knowledge about natural products based on topological evidence, bioinformatics analysis, and translational research in this review. We have also highlighted some clinical research or investigation that will help us select natural products for the treatment of neurological conditions. In the present review, we have explored the potential efficacy of phytoconstituents against neurological diseases. Various evidence-based studies and extensive recent investigations have been included, which will help pharmacologists reduce the progression of neuronal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Puri
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ameya Sharma
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kampanart Huanbutta
- School of Pharmacy, Eastern Asia University, Rangsit, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Divya Dheer
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tanikan Sangnim
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Muang, Chon Buri, Thailand
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Singh S, Zahoor I, Sharma N, Behl T, Kanojia N, Sehgal A, Mohan S, Almoshari Y, Salawi A, Aleya L, Bungau S. Insights into the pivotal role of statins and its nanoformulations in hyperlipidemia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:76514-76531. [PMID: 36161571 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is the primary cause of heart disorders and has been manifested as the condition with remarkable higher levels of very-low-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, intermediate-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and cholesterol in blood circulation. Genetic causes or systemic metabolic illnesses like diabetes mellitus, increased alcohol consumption, hypothyroidism, and primary biliary cirrhosis are several reasons behind development of hyperlipidemia. Higher levels of lipids and lipoproteins in plasma are responsible for various health disorders in human body like occlusion of blood vessels, acute pancreatitis, and reduced artery lumen elasticity. Both primary and secondary prophylaxis of heart disease can be achieved through combination of pharmacologic therapy with therapeutic lifestyle adjustments. Statins which belongs to HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are preferred for primary prevention of hyperlipidemia particularly for individuals at higher risk of development of heart disease. This review discusses the recent advancements and outcomes of nanoparticle drug carriers for statins in the therapy of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Ishrat Zahoor
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India.
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi-248007, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Salawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Hasan M, Kanojia N, Khan H. P10-09 Yohimbine hydrochloride attenuate pro-inflammatory mediators of rheumatoid arthritis through HPA axis stimulation. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Guin D, Yadav S, Singh P, Singh P, Thakran S, Kukal S, Kanojia N, Paul PR, Pattnaik B, Sardana V, Grover S, Hasija Y, Saso L, Agrawal A, Kukreti R. Human genetic factors associated with pneumonia risk, a cue for COVID-19 susceptibility. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 2022; 102:105299. [PMID: 35545162 PMCID: PMC9080029 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pneumonia, an acute respiratory tract infection, is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. Depending on the site of acquisition, pneumonia can be community acquired pneumonia (CAP) or nosocomial pneumonia (NP). The risk of pneumonia, is partially driven by host genetics. CYP1A1 is a widely studied pulmonary CYP family gene primarily expressed in peripheral airway epithelium. The CYP1A1 genetic variants, included in this study, alter the gene activity and are known to contribute in lung inflammation, which may cause pneumonia pathogenesis. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis to establish the possible contribution of CYP1A1 gene, and its three variants (rs2606345, rs1048943 and rs4646903) towards the genetic etiology of pneumonia risk. Using PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed and meta-analysed case-control studies, evaluating risk of pneumonia in patients carrying the risk alleles of CYP1A1 variants. Heterogeneity across the studies was evaluated using I2 statistics. Based on heterogeneity, a random-effect (using maximum likelihood) or fixed-effect (using inverse variance) model was applied to estimate the effect size. Pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated to estimate the overall effect of the risk allele association with pneumonia susceptibility. Egger's regression test and funnel plot were used to assess publication bias. Subgroup analysis was performed based on pneumonia type (CAP and NP), population, as well as age group. A total of ten articles were identified as eligible studies, which included 3049 cases and 2249 healthy controls. The meta-analysis findings revealed CYP1A1 variants, rs2606345 [T vs G; OR = 1.12 (0.75–1.50); p = 0.02; I2 = 84.89%], and rs1048943 [G vs T; OR = 1.19 (0.76–1.61); p = 0.02; I2 = 0.00%] as risk markers whereas rs4646903 showed no statistical significance for susceptibility to pneumonia. On subgroup analysis, both the genetic variants showed significant association with CAP but not with NP. We additionally performed a spatial analysis to identify the key factors possibly explaining the variability across countries in the prevalence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a viral pneumonia. We observed a significant association between the risk allele of rs2606345 and rs1048943, with a higher COVID-19 prevalence worldwide, providing us important links in understanding the variability in COVID-19 prevalence.
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Thapa K, Khan H, Kanojia N, Singh TG, Kaur A, Kaur G. Therapeutic Insights on Ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 930:175133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Pakhare V, Gopinath R, Surya Dhanalakshmi SK, Nanda A, Kanojia N, Venu P. Audit of operation theater time utilization with perspective to optimize turnaround times and theater output. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2022; 38:399-404. [PMID: 36505226 PMCID: PMC9728457 DOI: 10.4103/joacp.joacp_398_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Operation theater (OT) complex is an important area for a hospital as it needs expensive infrastructure, disposable, and reusable resources and a multidisciplinary highly qualified and efficient team, the metrics of which are key in generating revenue, and improved productivity. The efficient utilization of OT ensures maximum output in view of the investment of highly qualified doctors, equipment, and outcomes. Our study aimed to evaluate the utilization of OT functioning stepwise, reasons for delays, case cancellations, and areas of improvement if any. Material and Methods This prospective observational study was planned in three phases; in phase 1 audit of OT functioning was carried out for 1 month and based on data analysis recommendations were given for improvement. In phase 2, the recommendations would be implemented over 3 months and in phase 3 re-audit will be carried out for 1 month. Data analysis was done on IBM SPSS version 26 software. Descriptive statistics measures were calculated by the mean and standard deviation. Results The total available resource time was 52920 min and the total time utilized was 37740 min. Overall, raw utilization was 71.31%. OT was started late 63.50% times. Case cancellation occurred on 8.99% occasions. Conclusion We conclude that utilization of operating room time can be maximized by proper planning and realistic scheduling of elective lists, communication among team members, and resource management. Audit of OT utilization is an important tool to identify problem areas and formulate protocols accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Pakhare
- Department of Anaesthesiology, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - R. Gopinath
- Department of Anaesthesiology, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Ananya Nanda
- Department of Anaesthesiology, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Ananya Nanda, Department of Anaesthesiology, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. E-mail:
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Department of Anaesthesiology, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - P. Venu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Thapa K, Verma N, Singh TG, Kaur Grewal A, Kanojia N, Rani L. COVID-19-Associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS): Mechanistic insights on therapeutic intervention and emerging trends. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108328. [PMID: 34768236 PMCID: PMC8563344 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused great distress worldwide. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is well familiar but when it happens as part of COVID-19 it has discrete features which are unmanageable. Numerous pharmacological treatments have been evaluated in clinical trials to control the clinical effects of CARDS, but there is no assurance of their effectiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of the literature of the Medline, Scopus, Bentham, PubMed, and EMBASE (Elsevier) databases was examined to understand the novel therapeutic approaches used in COVID-19-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and their outcomes. KEY FINDINGS Current therapeutic options may not be enough to manage COVID-19-associated ARDS complications in group of patients and therefore, the current review has discussed the pathophysiological mechanism of COVID-19-associated ARDS, potential pharmacological treatment and the emerging molecular drug targets. SIGNIFICANCE The rationale of this review is to talk about the pathophysiology of CARDS, potential pharmacological treatment and the emerging molecular drug targets. Currently accessible treatment focuses on modulating immune responses, rendering antiviral effects, anti-thrombosis or anti-coagulant effects. It is expected that considerable number of studies conducting globally may help to discover effective therapies to decrease mortality and morbidity occurring due to CARDS. Attention should be also given on molecular drug targets that possibly will help to develop efficient cure for COVID-19-associated ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Thapa
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India; Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Nitin Verma
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Neha Kanojia
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Lata Rani
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Kukal S, Guin D, Rawat C, Bora S, Mishra MK, Sharma P, Paul PR, Kanojia N, Grewal GK, Kukreti S, Saso L, Kukreti R. Multidrug efflux transporter ABCG2: expression and regulation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6887-6939. [PMID: 34586444 PMCID: PMC11072723 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette efflux transporter G2 (ABCG2) was originally discovered in a multidrug-resistant breast cancer cell line. Studies in the past have expanded the understanding of its role in physiology, disease pathology and drug resistance. With a widely distributed expression across different cell types, ABCG2 plays a central role in ATP-dependent efflux of a vast range of endogenous and exogenous molecules, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis and providing tissue protection against xenobiotic insults. However, ABCG2 expression is subjected to alterations under various pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, infection, tissue injury, disease pathology and in response to xenobiotics and endobiotics. These changes may interfere with the bioavailability of therapeutic substrate drugs conferring drug resistance and in certain cases worsen the pathophysiological state aggravating its severity. Considering the crucial role of ABCG2 in normal physiology, therapeutic interventions directly targeting the transporter function may produce serious side effects. Therefore, modulation of transporter regulation instead of inhibiting the transporter itself will allow subtle changes in ABCG2 activity. This requires a thorough comprehension of diverse factors and complex signaling pathways (Kinases, Wnt/β-catenin, Sonic hedgehog) operating at multiple regulatory levels dictating ABCG2 expression and activity. This review features a background on the physiological role of transporter, factors that modulate ABCG2 levels and highlights various signaling pathways, molecular mechanisms and genetic polymorphisms in ABCG2 regulation. This understanding will aid in identifying potential molecular targets for therapeutic interventions to overcome ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) and to manage ABCG2-related pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Kukal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Debleena Guin
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Chitra Rawat
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shivangi Bora
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Manish Kumar Mishra
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Priya Sharma
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Priyanka Rani Paul
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur Grewal
- Department of Biotechnology, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144004, India
| | - Shrikant Kukreti
- Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Grewal AS, Thapa K, Kanojia N, Sharma N, Singh S. Natural Compounds as Source of Aldose Reductase (AR) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Diabetic Complications: A Mini Review. Curr Drug Metab 2021; 21:1091-1116. [PMID: 33069193 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666201016124125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldol reductase (AR) is the polyol pathway's main enzyme that portrays a crucial part in developing 'complications of diabetes' involving cataract, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. These diabetic abnormalities are triggered tremendously via aggregation of sorbitol formation (catalyzed by AR) in the polyol pathway. Consequently, it represents an admirable therapeutic target and vast research was done for the discovery of novel molecules as potential AR inhibitors for diabetic complications. OBJECTIVE This review article has been planned to discuss an outline of diabetic complications, AR and its role in diabetic complications, natural compounds reported as AR inhibitors, and benefits of natural/plant derived AR inhibitors for the management of diabetic abnormalities. RESULTS The goal of AR inhibition remedy is to stabilize the increased flux of blood glucose and sorbitol via the 'polyol pathway' in the affected tissues. A variety of synthetic inhibitors of AR have been established such as tolrestat and sorbinil, but both of these face limitations including low permeability and health problems. Pharmaceutical industries and other scientists were also undertaking work to develop newer, active, and 'safe' AR inhibitors from natural sources. Therefore, several naturally found molecules were documented to possess a potent inhibitory action on AR activity. CONCLUSION Natural inhibitors of AR appeared as harmless pharmacological agents for controlling diabetic complications. The detailed literature throughout this article shows the significance of herbal extracts and phytochemicals as prospective useful AR inhibitors in treating diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmer Singh Grewal
- Chitkara School of Basic Sciences, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Komal Thapa
- Chitkara School of Basic Sciences, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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15
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Thapa K, Grewal AS, Kanojia N, Rani L, Sharma N, Singh S. Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Liver Diseases: Promising Molecular Drug Targets and their Clinical Development. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 18:333-353. [PMID: 31965945 DOI: 10.2174/1570163817666200121143959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases have become a serious concern worldwide. Both these liver diseases have an identical pathology, starting from simple steatosis to cirrhosis and, ultimately to hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment options for alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are still the same as they were 50 years ago which include corticosteroids, pentoxifylline, antioxidants, nutritional support and abstinence; and for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), weight loss, insulin sensitizers, lipid-lowering agents and anti-oxidants are the only treatment options. Despite broad research in understanding the disease pathophysiology, limited treatments are available for clinical use. Some therapeutic strategies based on targeting a specific molecule have been developed to lessen the consequences of disease and are under clinical investigation. Therefore, focus on multiple molecular targets will help develop an efficient therapeutic strategy. This review comprises a brief overview of the pathogenesis of ALD and NAFLD; recent molecular drug targets explored for ALD and NAFLD that may prove to be effective for multiple therapeutic regimens and also the clinical status of these promising drug targets for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Thapa
- Chitkara University School of Basic Sciences, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ajmer Singh Grewal
- Chitkara University School of Basic Sciences, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Lata Rani
- Chitkara University School of Basic Sciences, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Rani L, Thapa K, Kanojia N, Sharma N, Singh S, Grewal AS, Srivastav AL, Kaushal J. An extensive review on the consequences of chemical pesticides on human health and environment. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
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Kanojia N, Singh S, Sharma N. Development of Sustained Release Eudragit Based Matrix Tablet of Fluvastatin Sodium Microspheres. Indian J Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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18
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Krishna KV, Wadhwa G, Alexander A, Kanojia N, Saha RN, Kukreti R, Singhvi G, Dubey SK. Design and Biological Evaluation of Lipoprotein-Based Donepezil Nanocarrier for Enhanced Brain Uptake through Oral Delivery. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4124-4135. [PMID: 31418556 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with memory and cognitive impairment. Donepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used for the symptomatic treatment of AD. However, high dose of donepezil is prescribed to achieve effective concentration in the brain, which leads to significant side effects, gastrointestinal alterations, and hepatotoxicity. In the present study, ApoE3 conjugated polymeric nanoparticles derived from diblock copolymer methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-polycaprolactone (mPEG-PCL) have been used to boost the delivery of donepezil to the brain. mPEG-PCL is an amphiphilic diblock polymer with a tendency to avoid nanoparticle uptake by phagocytic cells in the liver and can significantly reduce the gastric mucosal irritations. Moreover, ApoE3-based nanocarriers showed a promising ability to enhance brain uptake, binding to amyloid beta with high affinity and accelerating its clearance. Donepezil-loaded polymeric nanoparticles were performed by using a nanoprecipitation method and further surface modified with polysorbate 80 and ApoE3 to increase the brain bioavailability and reduce the dose. Optimization of various process parameters were performed using quality by design approach. ApoE3 polymeric nanoparticles were found to be stable in simulated gastric fluids and exhibited a sustained drug release pattern. Cellular uptake studies confirmed better neuronal uptake of the developed formulation, which is further corroborated with pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies. Orally administered ApoE3 polymeric nanoparticles resulted in significantly higher brain donepezil levels after 24 h (84.97 ± 11.54 ng/mg tissue) as compared to the pure drug (not detected), suggesting a significant role of surface coating. Together, these findings are promising and offer preclinical evidence for better brain availability of donepezil by oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kowthavarapu Venkata Krishna
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Geetika Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Dubai Campus, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ranendra Narayan Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Dubai Campus, Dubai 345055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Dubai Campus, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Dubey
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway, Rajpura-140401, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway, Rajpura-140401, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway, Rajpura-140401, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Ajmer Singh Grewal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway, Rajpura-140401, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway, Rajpura-140401, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Grewal GK, Singh KD, Kanojia N, Rawat C, Kukal S, Jajodia A, Singhal A, Misra R, Nagamani S, Muthusamy K, Kukreti R. Exploring the Carbamazepine Interaction with Human Pregnane X Receptor and Effect on ABCC2 Using in Vitro and in Silico Approach. Pharm Res 2017; 34:1444-1458. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Grewal GK, Kukal S, Kanojia N, Saso L, Kukreti S, Kukreti R. Effect of Oxidative Stress on ABC Transporters: Contribution to Epilepsy Pharmacoresistance. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030365. [PMID: 28264441 PMCID: PMC6155434 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting around 1%–2% of population worldwide and its treatment includes use of antiepileptic drugs to control seizures. Failure to respond to antiepileptic drug therapy is a major clinical problem and over expression of ATP-binding cassette transporters is considered one of the major reasons for pharmacoresistance. In this review, we have summarized the regulation of ABC transporters in response to oxidative stress due to disease and antiepileptic drugs. Further, ketogenic diet and antioxidants were examined for their role in pharmacoresistance. The understanding of signalling pathways and mechanism involved may help in identifying potential therapeutic targets and improving drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur Grewal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India.
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Samiksha Kukal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India.
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India.
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Shrikant Kukreti
- Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India.
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
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Kanojia N, Joshi M, Rao U, Basavaraju L. An unusual presentation of trigeminal neuralgia caused by fibrous dysplasia (managed with radiofrequency lesioning). Indian J Pain 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0970-5333.173483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Jajodia A, Kaur H, Kumari K, Kanojia N, Gupta M, Baghel R, Sood M, Jain S, Chadda RK, Kukreti R. Evaluation of genetic association of neurodevelopment and neuroimmunological genes with antipsychotic treatment response in schizophrenia in Indian populations. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2015; 4:18-27. [PMID: 26788534 PMCID: PMC4707035 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental and neuroimmunological genes critically regulate antipsychotic treatment outcome. We report genetic associations of antipsychotic response in 742 schizophrenia patients from Indian populations of Indo‐European and Dravidian ancestry, segregated by disease severity. Meta‐analysis comparing the two populations identified CCL2 [rs4795893: OR (95% CI) = 1.79 (1.27–2.52), P = 7.62 × 10−4; rs4586: OR (95% CI) = 1.74 (1.24–2.43), P = 1.13 × 10−3] and GRIA4 [rs2513265: OR (95% CI) = 0.53 (0.36–0.78), P = 1.44 × 10−3] in low severity group; and, ADCY2 [rs1544938: OR (95% CI) = 0.36 (0.19–0.65), P = 7.68 × 10−4] and NRG1 [rs13250975, OR (95% CI) = 0.42 (0.23–0.79), P = 6.81 × 10−3; rs17716295, OR (95% CI) = 1.78 (1.15–2.75), P = 8.71 × 10−3] in high severity group, with incomplete response toward antipsychotics. To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify genetic polymorphisms associated with the efficacy of antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia patients from two major India populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Jajodia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Mall Road Delhi 110007 India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Mall Road Delhi 110007 India
| | - Kalpana Kumari
- Department of Psychiatry All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi 110029 India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Mall Road Delhi 110007 India
| | - Meenal Gupta
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Mall Road Delhi 110007 India
| | - Ruchi Baghel
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Mall Road Delhi 110007 India
| | - Mamta Sood
- Department of Psychiatry All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi 110029 India
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences Hosur Road Bengaluru 560029 India
| | - Rakesh K Chadda
- Department of Psychiatry All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi 110029 India
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Mall Road Delhi 110007 India
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