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Fiedler LR, Chapman K, Xie M, Maifoshie E, Jenkins M, Golforoush PA, Bellahcene M, Noseda M, Faust D, Jarvis A, Newton G, Paiva MA, Harada M, Stuckey DJ, Song W, Habib J, Narasimhan P, Aqil R, Sanmugalingam D, Yan R, Pavanello L, Sano M, Wang SC, Sampson RD, Kanayaganam S, Taffet GE, Michael LH, Entman ML, Tan TH, Harding SE, Low CM, Tralau-Stewart C, Perrior T, Schneider MD. MAP4K4 Inhibition Promotes Survival of Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes and Reduces Infarct Size In Vivo. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:458. [PMID: 32142664 PMCID: PMC7059108 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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2
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Fiedler LR, Chapman K, Xie M, Maifoshie E, Jenkins M, Golforoush PA, Bellahcene M, Noseda M, Faust D, Jarvis A, Newton G, Paiva MA, Harada M, Stuckey DJ, Song W, Habib J, Narasimhan P, Aqil R, Sanmugalingam D, Yan R, Pavanello L, Sano M, Wang SC, Sampson RD, Kanayaganam S, Taffet GE, Michael LH, Entman ML, Tan TH, Harding SE, Low CMR, Tralau-Stewart C, Perrior T, Schneider MD. MAP4K4 Inhibition Promotes Survival of Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes and Reduces Infarct Size In Vivo. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 24:579-591.e12. [PMID: 30853557 PMCID: PMC6458995 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease is a paramount cause of global death and disability. Although cardiomyocyte death plays a causal role and its suppression would be logical, no clinical counter-measures target the responsible intracellular pathways. Therapeutic progress has been hampered by lack of preclinical human validation. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase-4 (MAP4K4) is activated in failing human hearts and relevant rodent models. Using human induced-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and MAP4K4 gene silencing, we demonstrate that death induced by oxidative stress requires MAP4K4. Consequently, we devised a small-molecule inhibitor, DMX-5804, that rescues cell survival, mitochondrial function, and calcium cycling in hiPSC-CMs. As proof of principle that drug discovery in hiPSC-CMs may predict efficacy in vivo, DMX-5804 reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by more than 50%. We implicate MAP4K4 as a well-posed target toward suppressing human cardiac cell death and highlight the utility of hiPSC-CMs in drug discovery to enhance cardiomyocyte survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna R Fiedler
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Kathryn Chapman
- Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Min Xie
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Evie Maifoshie
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Micaela Jenkins
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Pelin Arabacilar Golforoush
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mohamed Bellahcene
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Michela Noseda
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Dörte Faust
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ashley Jarvis
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Gary Newton
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Marta Abreu Paiva
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mutsuo Harada
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Daniel J Stuckey
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Weihua Song
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Josef Habib
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Priyanka Narasimhan
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Rehan Aqil
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Devika Sanmugalingam
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Robert Yan
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Lorenzo Pavanello
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Motoaki Sano
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sam C Wang
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert D Sampson
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sunthar Kanayaganam
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - George E Taffet
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lloyd H Michael
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark L Entman
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tse-Hua Tan
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sian E Harding
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Caroline M R Low
- Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Trevor Perrior
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Michael D Schneider
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Ovando-Roche P, West EL, Branch MJ, Sampson RD, Fernando M, Munro P, Georgiadis A, Rizzi M, Kloc M, Naeem A, Ribeiro J, Smith AJ, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Ali RR. Use of bioreactors for culturing human retinal organoids improves photoreceptor yields. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:156. [PMID: 29895313 PMCID: PMC5998504 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of human pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal cells for cell therapy strategies and disease modelling relies on the ability to obtain healthy and organised retinal tissue in sufficient quantities. Generating such tissue is a lengthy process, often taking over 6 months of cell culture, and current approaches do not always generate large quantities of the major retinal cell types required. Methods We adapted our previously described differentiation protocol to investigate the use of stirred-tank bioreactors. We used immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and electron microscopy to characterise retinal organoids grown in standard and bioreactor culture conditions. Results Our analysis revealed that the use of bioreactors results in improved laminar stratification as well as an increase in the yield of photoreceptor cells bearing cilia and nascent outer-segment-like structures. Conclusions Bioreactors represent a promising platform for scaling up the manufacture of retinal cells for use in disease modelling, drug screening and cell transplantation studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0907-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Ovando-Roche
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Emma L West
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Matthew J Branch
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Robert D Sampson
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Milan Fernando
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Peter Munro
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Anastasios Georgiadis
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Matteo Rizzi
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Magdalena Kloc
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Arifa Naeem
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Alexander J Smith
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Anai Gonzalez-Cordero
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Robin R Ali
- Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK. .,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London, EC1V 2PD, UK.
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Gonzalez-Cordero A, Goh D, Kruczek K, Naeem A, Fernando M, Kleine Holthaus SM, Takaaki M, Blackford SJI, Kloc M, Agundez L, Sampson RD, Borooah S, Ovando-Roche P, Mehat MS, West EL, Smith AJ, Pearson RA, Ali RR. Assessment of AAV Vector Tropisms for Mouse and Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived RPE and Photoreceptor Cells. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 29:1124-1139. [PMID: 29580100 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated viral vectors are showing great promise as gene therapy vectors for a wide range of retinal disorders. To date, evaluation of therapeutic approaches has depended almost exclusively on the use of animal models. With recent advances in human stem cell technology, stem cell-derived retina now offers the possibility to assess efficacy in human organoids in vitro. Here we test six adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes [AAV2/2, AAV2/9, AAV2/8, AAV2/8T(Y733F), AAV2/5, and ShH10] to determine their efficiency in transducing mouse and human pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor cells in vitro. All the serotypes tested were capable of transducing RPE and photoreceptor cells in vitro. AAV ShH10 and AAV2/5 are the most efficient vectors at transducing both mouse and human RPE, while AAV2/8 and ShH10 achieved similarly robust transduction of human embryonic stem cell-derived cone photoreceptors. Furthermore, we show that human embryonic stem cell-derived photoreceptors can be used to establish promoter specificity in human cells in vitro. The results of this study will aid capsid selection and vector design for preclinical evaluation of gene therapy approaches, such as gene editing, that require the use of human cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anai Gonzalez-Cordero
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Goh
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Kamil Kruczek
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Arifa Naeem
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Milan Fernando
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia-Martha Kleine Holthaus
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom .,2 MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Matsuki Takaaki
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J I Blackford
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena Kloc
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Leticia Agundez
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Robert D Sampson
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Shyamanga Borooah
- 3 Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Ovando-Roche
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Manjit S Mehat
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L West
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J Smith
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael A Pearson
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
| | - Robin R Ali
- 1 Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
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Gilbert RM, Zhang X, Sampson RD, Ehrenstein MR, Nguyen DX, Chaudhry M, Mein C, Mahmud N, Galatowicz G, Tomkins-Netzer O, Calder VL, Lightman S. Clinical Remission of Sight-Threatening Non-Infectious Uveitis Is Characterized by an Upregulation of Peripheral T-Regulatory Cell Polarized Towards T-bet and TIGIT. Front Immunol 2018; 9:907. [PMID: 29774027 PMCID: PMC5943505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-infectious uveitis can cause chronic relapsing and remitting ocular inflammation, which may require high dose systemic immunosuppression to prevent severe sight loss. It has been classically described as an autoimmune disease, mediated by pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 T-cell subsets. Studies suggest that natural immunosuppressive CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T-regulatory cells (Tregs) are involved in resolution of inflammation and may be involved in the maintenance of clinical remission. Objective To investigate whether there is a peripheral blood immunoregulatory phenotype associated with clinical remission of sight-threatening non-infectious uveitis by comparing peripheral blood levels of Treg, Th1, and Th17, and associated DNA methylation and cytokine levels in patients with active uveitic disease, control subjects and patients (with previously active disease) in clinical remission induced by immunosuppressive drugs. Methods Isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from peripheral blood samples from prospectively recruited subjects were analyzed by flow cytometry for CD3, CD4, FoxP3, TIGIT, T-bet, and related orphan receptor γt. Epigenetic DNA methylation levels of FOXP3 Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR), FOXP3 promoter, TBX21, RORC2, and TIGIT loci were determined in cryopreserved PBMC using a next-generation sequencing approach. Related cytokines were measured in blood sera. Functional suppressive capacity of Treg was assessed using T-cell proliferation assays. Results Fifty patients with uveitis (intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis) and 10 control subjects were recruited. The frequency of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg, TIGIT+ Treg, and T-bet+ Treg and the ratio of Treg to Th1 were significantly higher in remission patients compared with patients with active uveitic disease; and TIGIT+ Tregs were a significant predictor of clinical remission. Treg from patients in clinical remission demonstrated a high level of in vitro suppressive function compared with Treg from control subjects and from patients with untreated active disease. PBMC from patients in clinical remission had significantly lower methylation levels at the FOXP3 TSDR, FOXP3 promoter, and TIGIT loci and higher levels at RORC loci than those with active disease. Clinical remission was also associated with significantly higher serum levels of transforming growth factor β and IL-10, which positively correlated with Treg levels, and lower serum levels of IFNγ, IL-17A, and IL-22 compared with patients with active disease. Conclusion Clinical remission of sight-threatening non-infectious uveitis has an immunoregulatory phenotype characterized by upregulation of peripheral Treg, polarized toward T-bet and TIGIT. These findings may assist with individualized therapy of uveitis, by informing whether drug therapy has induced phenotypically stable Treg associated with long-term clinical remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose M Gilbert
- Ocular Immunology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom.,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaozhe Zhang
- Ocular Immunology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom.,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert D Sampson
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R Ehrenstein
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Dao X Nguyen
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Mahid Chaudhry
- Ocular Immunology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Mein
- Genome Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nadiya Mahmud
- Genome Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grazyna Galatowicz
- Ocular Immunology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Oren Tomkins-Netzer
- Ocular Immunology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom.,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Virginia L Calder
- Ocular Immunology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Lightman
- Ocular Immunology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom.,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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6
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Cristante E, Liyanage SE, Sampson RD, Kalargyrou A, De Rossi G, Rizzi M, Hoke J, Ribeiro J, Maswood RN, Duran Y, Matsuki T, Aghaizu ND, Luhmann UF, Smith AJ, Ali RR, Bainbridge JWB. Late neuroprogenitors contribute to normal retinal vascular development in a Hif2a-dependent manner. Development 2018; 145:dev.157511. [PMID: 29615467 DOI: 10.1242/dev.157511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the adult central nervous system, endothelial and neuronal cells engage in tight cross-talk as key components of the so-called neurovascular unit. Impairment of this important relationship adversely affects tissue homeostasis, as observed in neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In development, the influence of neuroprogenitor cells on angiogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we show in mouse that these cells interact intimately with the growing retinal vascular network, and we identify a novel regulatory mechanism of vasculature development mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 2a (Hif2a). By Cre-lox gene excision, we show that Hif2a in retinal neuroprogenitor cells upregulates the expression of the pro-angiogenic mediators vascular endothelial growth factor and erythropoietin, whereas it locally downregulates the angiogenesis inhibitor endostatin. Importantly, absence of Hif2a in retinal neuroprogenitor cells causes a marked reduction of proliferating endothelial cells at the angiogenic front. This results in delayed retinal vascular development, fewer major retinal vessels and reduced density of the peripheral deep retinal vascular plexus. Our findings demonstrate that retinal neuroprogenitor cells are a crucial component of the developing neurovascular unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Cristante
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK .,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Sidath E Liyanage
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Robert D Sampson
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | | | - Giulia De Rossi
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Matteo Rizzi
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Justin Hoke
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Ryea N Maswood
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Yanai Duran
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Takaaki Matsuki
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Nozie D Aghaizu
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Ulrich F Luhmann
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Alexander J Smith
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Robin R Ali
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - James W B Bainbridge
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK .,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK
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Asfahani RI, Tahoun MM, Miller-Hodges EV, Bellerby J, Virasami AK, Sampson RD, Moulding D, Sebire NJ, Hohenstein P, Scambler PJ, Waters AM. Activation of podocyte Notch mediates early Wt1 glomerulopathy. Kidney Int 2018; 93:903-920. [PMID: 29398135 PMCID: PMC6169130 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The Wilms' tumor suppressor gene, WT1, encodes a zinc finger protein that regulates podocyte development and is highly expressed in mature podocytes. Mutations in the WT1 gene are associated with the development of renal failure due to the formation of scar tissue within glomeruli, the mechanisms of which are poorly understood. Here, we used a tamoxifen-based CRE-LoxP system to induce deletion of Wt1 in adult mice to investigate the mechanisms underlying evolution of glomerulosclerosis. Podocyte apoptosis was evident as early as the fourth day post-induction and increased during disease progression, supporting a role for Wt1 in mature podocyte survival. Podocyte Notch activation was evident at disease onset with upregulation of Notch1 and its transcriptional targets, including Nrarp. There was repression of podocyte FoxC2 and upregulation of Hey2 supporting a role for a Wt1/FoxC2/Notch transcriptional network in mature podocyte injury. The expression of cleaved Notch1 and HES1 proteins in podocytes of mutant mice was confirmed in early disease. Furthermore, induction of podocyte HES1 expression was associated with upregulation of genes implicated in epithelial mesenchymal transition, thereby suggesting that HES1 mediates podocyte EMT. Lastly, early pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling ameliorated glomerular scarring and albuminuria. Thus, loss of Wt1 in mature podocytes modulates podocyte Notch activation, which could mediate early events in WT1-related glomerulosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan I Asfahani
- Programme of Developmental Biology of Birth Defects, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Mona M Tahoun
- Programme of Developmental Biology of Birth Defects, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK; Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eve V Miller-Hodges
- MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Jack Bellerby
- Programme of Developmental Biology of Birth Defects, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Alex K Virasami
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robert D Sampson
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Dale Moulding
- Programme of Developmental Biology of Birth Defects, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Neil J Sebire
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Peter J Scambler
- Programme of Developmental Biology of Birth Defects, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Aoife M Waters
- Programme of Developmental Biology of Birth Defects, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Waldron PV, Di Marco F, Kruczek K, Ribeiro J, Graca AB, Hippert C, Aghaizu ND, Kalargyrou AA, Barber AC, Grimaldi G, Duran Y, Blackford SJI, Kloc M, Goh D, Zabala Aldunate E, Sampson RD, Bainbridge JWB, Smith AJ, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Sowden JC, Ali RR, Pearson RA. Transplanted Donor- or Stem Cell-Derived Cone Photoreceptors Can Both Integrate and Undergo Material Transfer in an Environment-Dependent Manner. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:406-421. [PMID: 29307580 PMCID: PMC5830910 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human vision relies heavily upon cone photoreceptors, and their loss results in permanent visual impairment. Transplantation of healthy photoreceptors can restore visual function in models of inherited blindness, a process previously understood to arise by donor cell integration within the host retina. However, we and others recently demonstrated that donor rod photoreceptors engage in material transfer with host photoreceptors, leading to the host cells acquiring proteins otherwise expressed only by donor cells. We sought to determine whether stem cell- and donor-derived cones undergo integration and/or material transfer. We find that material transfer accounts for a significant proportion of rescued cells following cone transplantation into non-degenerative hosts. Strikingly, however, substantial numbers of cones integrated into the Nrl-/- and Prph2rd2/rd2, but not Nrl-/-;RPE65R91W/R91W, murine models of retinal degeneration. This confirms the occurrence of photoreceptor integration in certain models of retinal degeneration and demonstrates the importance of the host environment in determining transplantation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V Waldron
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Fabiana Di Marco
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Kamil Kruczek
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Anna B Graca
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Claire Hippert
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Nozie D Aghaizu
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | | | - Amanda C Barber
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Giulia Grimaldi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Yanai Duran
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | | | - Magdalena Kloc
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Debbie Goh
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Eduardo Zabala Aldunate
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Robert D Sampson
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | | | - Alexander J Smith
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | | | - Jane C Sowden
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Robin R Ali
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Rachael A Pearson
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK.
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9
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Gonzalez-Cordero A, Kruczek K, Naeem A, Fernando M, Kloc M, Ribeiro J, Goh D, Duran Y, Blackford SJI, Abelleira-Hervas L, Sampson RD, Shum IO, Branch MJ, Gardner PJ, Sowden JC, Bainbridge JWB, Smith AJ, West EL, Pearson RA, Ali RR. Recapitulation of Human Retinal Development from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Generates Transplantable Populations of Cone Photoreceptors. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:820-837. [PMID: 28844659 PMCID: PMC5599247 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of rod photoreceptors, derived either from neonatal retinae or pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), can restore rod-mediated visual function in murine models of inherited blindness. However, humans depend more upon cone photoreceptors that are required for daylight, color, and high-acuity vision. Indeed, macular retinopathies involving loss of cones are leading causes of blindness. An essential step for developing stem cell-based therapies for maculopathies is the ability to generate transplantable human cones from renewable sources. Here, we report a modified 2D/3D protocol for generating hPSC-derived neural retinal vesicles with well-formed ONL-like structures containing cones and rods bearing inner segments and connecting cilia, nascent outer segments, and presynaptic structures. This differentiation system recapitulates human photoreceptor development, allowing the isolation and transplantation of a pure population of stage-matched cones. Purified human long/medium cones survive and become incorporated within the adult mouse retina, supporting the potential of photoreceptor transplantation for treating retinal degeneration. hPSC-derived photoreceptors express markers in a pattern similar to human development 2D/3D differentiation protocol generates sufficient cones for transplantation hPSC-derived cones incorporate into the adult retina following transplantation
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Affiliation(s)
- Anai Gonzalez-Cordero
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Kamil Kruczek
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Arifa Naeem
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Milan Fernando
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Magdalena Kloc
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Debbie Goh
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Yanai Duran
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Samuel J I Blackford
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Laura Abelleira-Hervas
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Robert D Sampson
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Ian O Shum
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Matthew J Branch
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Peter J Gardner
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Jane C Sowden
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - James W B Bainbridge
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Alexander J Smith
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Emma L West
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Rachael A Pearson
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Robin R Ali
- Department of Genetics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK.
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10
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Tung KSK, Harakal J, Qiao H, Rival C, Li JCH, Paul AGA, Wheeler K, Pramoonjago P, Grafer CM, Sun W, Sampson RD, Wong EWP, Reddi PP, Deshmukh US, Hardy DM, Tang H, Cheng CY, Goldberg E. Egress of sperm autoantigen from seminiferous tubules maintains systemic tolerance. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:1046-1060. [PMID: 28218625 DOI: 10.1172/jci89927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune responses to meiotic germ cell antigens (MGCA) that are expressed on sperm and testis occur in human infertility and after vasectomy. Many MGCA are also expressed as cancer/testis antigens (CTA) in human cancers, but the tolerance status of MGCA has not been investigated. MGCA are considered to be uniformly immunogenic and nontolerogenic, and the prevailing view posits that MGCA are sequestered behind the Sertoli cell barrier in seminiferous tubules. Here, we have shown that only some murine MGCA are sequestered. Nonsequestered MCGA (NS-MGCA) egressed from normal tubules, as evidenced by their ability to interact with systemically injected antibodies and form localized immune complexes outside the Sertoli cell barrier. NS-MGCA derived from cell fragments that were discarded by spermatids during spermiation. They egressed as cargo in residual bodies and maintained Treg-dependent physiological tolerance. In contrast, sequestered MGCA (S-MGCA) were undetectable in residual bodies and were nontolerogenic. Unlike postvasectomy autoantibodies, which have been shown to mainly target S-MGCA, autoantibodies produced by normal mice with transient Treg depletion that developed autoimmune orchitis exclusively targeted NS-MGCA. We conclude that spermiation, a physiological checkpoint in spermatogenesis, determines the egress and tolerogenicity of MGCA. Our findings will affect target antigen selection in testis and sperm autoimmunity and the immune responses to CTA in male cancer patients.
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11
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Liyanage SE, Gardner PJ, Ribeiro J, Cristante E, Sampson RD, Luhmann UFO, Ali RR, Bainbridge JW. Flow cytometric analysis of inflammatory and resident myeloid populations in mouse ocular inflammatory models. Exp Eye Res 2016; 151:160-70. [PMID: 27544307 PMCID: PMC5053376 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cells make a pivotal contribution to tissue homeostasis during inflammation. Both tissue-specific resident populations and infiltrating myeloid cells can cause tissue injury through aberrant activation and/or dysregulated activity. Reliable identification and quantification of myeloid cells within diseased tissues is important to understand pathological inflammatory processes. Flow cytometry is a valuable technique for leukocyte analysis, but a standardized flow cytometric method for myeloid cell populations in the eye is lacking. Here, we validate a reproducible flow cytometry gating approach to characterize myeloid cells in several commonly used models of ocular inflammation. We profile and quantify myeloid subsets across these models, and highlight the value of this strategy in identifying phenotypic differences using Ccr2-deficient mice. This method will aid standardization in the field and facilitate future investigations into the roles of myeloid cells during ocular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidath E Liyanage
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Peter J Gardner
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Enrico Cristante
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Robert D Sampson
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | | | - Robin R Ali
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - James W Bainbridge
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, City Road, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
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12
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Pollock KM, Montamat-Sicotte DJ, Grass L, Cooke GS, Kapembwa MS, Kon OM, Sampson RD, Taylor GP, Lalvani A. PD-1 Expression and Cytokine Secretion Profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific CD4+ T-Cell Subsets; Potential Correlates of Containment in HIV-TB Co-Infection. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146905. [PMID: 26756579 PMCID: PMC4710462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV co-infection is an important risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) providing a powerful model in which to dissect out defective, protective and dysfunctional Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-specific immune responses. To identify the changes induced by HIV co-infection we compared MTB-specific CD4+ responses in subjects with active TB and latent TB infection (LTBI), with and without HIV co-infection. CD4+ T-cell subsets producing interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and expressing CD279 (PD-1) were measured using polychromatic flow-cytometry. HIV-TB co-infection was consistently and independently associated with a reduced frequency of CD4+ IFN-γ and IL-2-dual secreting T-cells and the proportion correlated inversely with HIV viral load (VL). The impact of HIV co-infection on this key MTB-specific T-cell subset identifies them as a potential correlate of mycobacterial immune containment. The percentage of MTB-specific IFN-γ-secreting T-cell subsets that expressed PD-1 was increased in active TB with HIV co-infection and correlated with VL. This identifies a novel correlate of dysregulated immunity to MTB, which may in part explain the paucity of inflammatory response in the face of mycobacterial dissemination that characterizes active TB with HIV co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M. Pollock
- Tuberculosis Research Centre, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Damien J. Montamat-Sicotte
- Tuberculosis Research Centre, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Grass
- Tuberculosis Research Centre, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham S. Cooke
- Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Moses S. Kapembwa
- Department of GU and HIV Medicine, The North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Onn M. Kon
- Tuberculosis Service, St Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert D. Sampson
- Centre for Respiratory Infection, Flow Cytometry Facility, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham P. Taylor
- Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ajit Lalvani
- Tuberculosis Research Centre, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Pollock KM, Montamat-Sicotte DJ, Cooke GS, Kapembwa MS, Kon OM, Grass L, Sampson RD, Taylor GP, Lalvani A. Differences in antigen-specific CD4+ responses to opportunistic infections in HIV infection. Immun Inflamm Dis 2015; 3:141-53. [PMID: 26417433 PMCID: PMC4578516 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-infected individuals with severe immunodeficiency are at risk of opportunistic infection (OI). Tuberculosis (TB) may occur without substantial immune suppression suggesting an early and sustained adverse impact of HIV on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-specific cell mediated immunity (CMI). This prospective observational cohort study aimed to observe differences in OI-specific and MTB-specific CMI that might underlie this. Using polychromatic flow cytometry, we compared CD4+ responses to MTB, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Candida albicans in individuals with and without HIV infection. MTB-specific CD4+ T-cells were more polyfunctional than virus specific (CMV/EBV) CD4+ T-cells which predominantly secreted IFN-gamma (IFN-γ) only. There was a reduced frequency of IFN-γ and IL-2 (IL-2)-dual-MTB-specific cells in HIV-infected individuals, which was not apparent for the other pathogens. MTB-specific cells were less differentiated especially compared with CMV-specific cells. CD127 expression was relatively less frequent on MTB-specific cells in HIV co-infection. MTB-specific CD4+ T-cells PD-1 expression was infrequent in contrast to EBV-specific CD4+ T-cells. The variation in the inherent quality of these CD4+ T-cell responses and impact of HIV co-infection may contribute to the timing of co-infectious diseases in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M Pollock
- Tuberculosis Research Centre Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Damien J Montamat-Sicotte
- Tuberculosis Research Centre Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Graham S Cooke
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Moses S Kapembwa
- Department of GU and HIV Medicine, The North West London Hospitals NHS TrustLondon, UK
| | - Onn M Kon
- Tuberculosis Service, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS TrustLondon, UK
| | - Lisa Grass
- Tuberculosis Research Centre Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Robert D Sampson
- Centre for Respiratory Infection, Flow Cytometry Facility, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Graham P Taylor
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Ajit Lalvani
- Tuberculosis Research Centre Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
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14
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Tonkin J, Temmerman L, Sampson RD, Gallego-Colon E, Barberi L, Bilbao D, Schneider MD, Musarò A, Rosenthal N. Monocyte/Macrophage-derived IGF-1 Orchestrates Murine Skeletal Muscle Regeneration and Modulates Autocrine Polarization. Mol Ther 2015; 23:1189-1200. [PMID: 25896247 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a potent enhancer of tissue regeneration, and its overexpression in muscle injury leads to hastened resolution of the inflammatory phase. Here, we show that monocytes/macrophages constitute an important initial source of IGF-1 in muscle injury, as conditional deletion of the IGF-1 gene specifically in mouse myeloid cells (ϕIGF-1 CKO) blocked the normal surge of local IGF-1 in damaged muscle and significantly compromised regeneration. In injured muscle, Ly6C+ monocytes/macrophages and CD206+ macrophages expressed equivalent IGF-1 levels, which were transiently upregulated during transition from the inflammation to repair. In injured ϕIGF-1 CKO mouse muscle, accumulation of CD206+ macrophages was impaired, while an increase in Ly6C+ monocytes/macrophages was favored. Transcriptional profiling uncovered inflammatory skewing in ϕIGF-1 CKO macrophages, which failed to fully induce a reparative gene program in vitro or in vivo, revealing a novel autocrine role for IGF-1 in modulating murine macrophage phenotypes. These data establish local macrophage-derived IGF-1 as a key factor in inflammation resolution and macrophage polarization during muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Tonkin
- Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Lieve Temmerman
- Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy; Current address: Department of Pathology, Maastricht University (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert D Sampson
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Laura Barberi
- Institute Pasteur Cenci-Bolognetti, DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, IIM, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Bilbao
- Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Musarò
- Institute Pasteur Cenci-Bolognetti, DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, IIM, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Rosenthal
- Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute/EMBL Australia, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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15
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Johannesson B, Sattler S, Semenova E, Pastore S, Kennedy-Lydon TM, Sampson RD, Schneider MD, Rosenthal N, Bilbao D. Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces regulatory T cell-mediated suppression of allergic contact dermatitis in mice. Dis Model Mech 2015; 7:977-85. [PMID: 25056699 PMCID: PMC4107326 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.015362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is triggered by an aberrant hyperinflammatory immune response to innocuous chemical compounds and ranks as the world's most prevalent occupational skin condition. Although a variety of immune effector cells are activated during ACD, regulatory T (Treg) cells are crucial in controlling the resulting inflammation. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) regulates cell proliferation and differentiation and accelerates wound healing and regeneration in several organs including the skin. Recently IGF-1 has also been implicated in protection from autoimmune inflammation by expansion of Treg cells. Here, we demonstrate that ectopic expression of IGF-1 in mouse skin suppresses ACD in a Treg cell-specific manner, increasing the number of Foxp3+ Treg cells in the affected area and stimulating lymphocyte production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10. Similar therapeutic effects can be achieved with systemic or topical delivery of IGF-1, implicating this growth factor as a promising new therapeutic option for the treatment of ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjarki Johannesson
- Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, 00015, Italy
| | - Susanne Sattler
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ekaterina Semenova
- Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, 00015, Italy
| | - Saveria Pastore
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Istituto Dermopatico Immacolata, IRCCS, Rome 00167, Italy
| | | | - Robert D Sampson
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | - Nadia Rosenthal
- Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, 00015, Italy. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK. Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia.
| | - Daniel Bilbao
- Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, 00015, Italy
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16
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Pollock KM, Whitworth HS, Montamat-Sicotte DJ, Grass L, Cooke GS, Kapembwa MS, Kon OM, Sampson RD, Taylor GP, Lalvani A. T-cell immunophenotyping distinguishes active from latent tuberculosis. J Infect Dis 2013; 208:952-68. [PMID: 23966657 PMCID: PMC3749005 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jit265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in the phenotype and function of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis)-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets in response to stage of infection may allow discrimination between active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection. METHODS A prospective comparison of M. tuberculosis-specific cellular immunity in subjects with active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection, with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. Polychromatic flow cytometry was used to measure CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subset phenotype and secretion of interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). RESULTS Frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ cells secreting IFN-γ-only, TNF-α-only and dual IFN-γ/TNF-α were greater in active tuberculosis vs latent tuberculosis infection. All M. tuberculosis-specific CD4+ subsets, with the exception of IL-2-only cells, switched from central to effector memory phenotype in active tuberculosis vs latent tuberculosis infection, accompanied by a reduction in IL-7 receptor α (CD127) expression. The frequency of PPDspecific CD4+ TNF-α-only-secreting T cells with an effector phenotype accurately distinguished active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection with an area under the curve of 0.99, substantially more discriminatory than measurement of function alone. CONCLUSIONS Combined measurement of T-cell phenotype and function defines a highly discriminatory biomarker of tuberculosis disease activity. Unlocking the diagnostic and monitoring potential of this combined approach now requires validation in large-scale prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M Pollock
- Tuberculosis Research Centre, Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
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