1
|
Ahmad R, Sarwar Hashmi G, Abdur Rahman S, Maheshwari S, Rahman T, Ansari MK, Danish M, Sami A, Khan MA, Noor Khan Yusufi F. Assessment of upper airway changes after interpositional arthroplasty: a cephalometric analysis. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 62:272-277. [PMID: 38413292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
This prospective cohort study examined the changes in airway area and soft tissue parameters following interpositional arthroplasty for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. Ten patients with TMJ ankylosis underwent surgery, and preoperative and postoperative skeletal and soft tissue measurements were obtained. A significant rise in soft tissue parameters was observed following surgery, although only minor changes in skeletal parameters were seen. The nasoropharyngeal area, oral area, soft palate area, and tongue area were examined. After the surgery, increases in values were observed in the nasoropharyngeal area (from 3482.4 mm2 to 3618.7 mm2), the oral area (from 2731.8 mm2 to 2840.8 mm2), the soft palate area (from 204.9 mm2 to 217.3 mm2), and the tongue area (from 2577.5 mm2 to 2600.8 mm2). These findings suggest that interpositional arthroplasty can improve airway area and soft tissue dimensions, affecting the stomatognathic system's aesthetic and functional aspects. Further research is needed to validate these results and assess long-term stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ghulam Sarwar Hashmi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sandhya Maheshwari
- Department of Orthodontia/Human Dental Anatomy Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Tabishur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Md Kalim Ansari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Mohammad Danish
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Abdus Sami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Mohd Aswad Khan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Faiz Noor Khan Yusufi
- Department of Statistics and Operations Reserch, Faculty of Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nair AV, Singh A, Devasurmutt Y, Rahman SA, Tatu US, Chakravortty D. Spermidine constitutes a key determinant of motility and attachment of Salmonella Typhimurium through a novel regulatory mechanism. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127605. [PMID: 38232495 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Spermidine is a poly-cationic molecule belonging to the family of polyamines and is ubiquitously present in all organisms. Salmonella synthesizes, and harbours specialized transporters to import spermidine. A group of polyamines have been shown to assist in Salmonella Typhimurium's virulence and regulation of Salmonella pathogenicity Inslad 1 (SPI-1) genes and stress resistance; however, the mechanism remains elusive. The virulence trait of Salmonella depends on its ability to employ multiple surface structures to attach and adhere to the surface of the target cells before invasion and colonization of the host niche. Our study discovers the mechanism by which spermidine assists in the early stages of Salmonella pathogenesis. For the first time, we report that Salmonella Typhimurium regulates spermidine transport and biosynthesis processes in a mutually inclusive manner. Using a mouse model, we show that spermidine is critical for invasion into the murine Peyer's patches, which further validated our in vitro cell line observation. We show that spermidine controls the mRNA expression of fimbrial (fimA) and non-fimbrial adhesins (siiE, pagN) in Salmonella and thereby assists in attachment to host cell surfaces. Spermidine also regulated the motility through the expression of flagellin genes by enhancing the translation of sigma-28, which features an unusual start codon and a poor Shine-Dalgarno sequence. Besides regulating the formation of the adhesive structures, spermidine tunes the expression of the two-component system BarA/SirA to regulate SPI-1 encoded genes. Thus, our study unravels a novel regulatory mechanism by which spermidine exerts critical functions during Salmonella Typhimurium pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash Vijay Nair
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anmol Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Yashas Devasurmutt
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - S A Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Utpal Shashikant Tatu
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Dipshikha Chakravortty
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India; Adjunct Faculty, School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Talukder HR, Joarder AH, Rahman SA. Audit of Otological Diseases in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Level Hospital. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:773-777. [PMID: 37391973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
To find out the otological disease pattern of the patients attended at the Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary level hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh and to aware the people about the consequences of Ear diseases, necessity of prevention and early management. This study was done in the Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery OPD of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2014 to December 2014. Data were collected retrospectively from hospital record which were recorded by Resident Surgeon during his consultation of referral patients. Total 3686 patients were included in the study and data were analyzed. Out of 3686 OPD patients male were 1947(52.82%) and female 1739(47.17%), ratio 1.12:1. In age groups 11 to 40-year age group patients were more, among them 11-20 (17.25%), 21-30 (21.51%) and 31-40 (21.62%). 47.97% of the patients were presented with Ear diseases. Among the ear conditions CSOM (Chronic suppurative otitis media) were 19.96%, ASOM (Acute Suppurative Otitis Media) 2.54%, OME (Otitis media with effusion) 5.31%, Otomycosis 9.25%, Furunculosis 1.81%, Otosclerosis 0.57%, Foreign body ear 1.68%, Rupture TM (Tympanic membrane) 1.27% and Wax 4.74%. Prevalence of Ear diseases are more in Bangladesh like other developing countries. Most of the ear diseases can be managed in the local hospitals. For the proper management physicians working in those hospitals need training and adequate instruments. District hospitals and medical college hospitals should be well equipped with proper instruments and trained ENT surgeons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Talukder
- Dr Md Harun Ar Rashid Talukder, Assistant Professor, Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail: and
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sami A, Hashmi GS, Rahman SA, Rahman T, Ansari MK. Comparative evaluation of temporal fascia and dermal fat graft in the management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2023; 14:277-281. [PMID: 37661991 PMCID: PMC10474538 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_452_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a debilitating condition usually afflicting children and young adults, causing long-term functional, aesthetic, and severe psychological impacts on the lives of these patients. Objective To compare the postoperative outcomes after using one of the most commonly employed inter-positional graft, i.e., temporalis fascia, and a recently introduced 'more suitable' graft, i.e., dermal fat. Methods A prospective study in which 20 patients of TMJ ankylosis were randomly assigned into two groups of 10 patients each. Temporalis fascia was used as an inter-positional graft in one group, while dermal fat graft was used in the other group. Post-surgical clinical parameters were evaluated, including interincisal mouth-opening and pain. Results Interincisal mouth opening at six months was greater in group A (32.1 ± 12.93) as compared to group B (33.8 ± 4.89), but statistically, it was not significant (P = 0.478). The mean pain score in group A was 4.60 ± 1.17, 1.50 ± 0.70, 0.20 ± 0.42 on day 1, 7, and 15, respectively. The mean pain score in group B was 4.10 ± 0.99, 1.30 ± 0.48, 0.20 ± 0.42 on day 1, 7, and 15, respectively. Conclusion Both the graft materials work well in terms of maximum interincisal opening. For more clarification, a larger sample size with a longer duration of follow-up is needed to validate the study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdus Sami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ghulam Sarwar Hashmi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tabishur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md. Kalim Ansari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chua WC, Rahman SA, Deris ZZ. Prevalence, Risk Factors and Microbiological Profile of Orthopaedic Surgical Site Infection in North-Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. Malays Orthop J 2022; 16:94-103. [PMID: 36589372 PMCID: PMC9791909 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2211.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The devastating outcome of orthopaedic surgical site infections (SSI) are largely preventable if its risk factors, causative organisms and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in the regional area are known. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective study to address the lack of epidemiological and microbiological data on orthopaedic SSI in Malaysia. All the 80 patients diagnosed and treated for microbiologically proven orthopaedic SSIs in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia from April 2015 to March 2019 were included in a 1:2 case control study. Results The prevalence of SSI in clean and clean-contaminated surgeries was 1.243%, which is consistent with most of the studies worldwide, but is low compared to other studies done in Malaysia. The most common type of orthopaedics SSI were internal fixation infections (46.25%), superficial SSIs (25.2%) and Prosthetic joint infections (18.75%). Obesity and tobacco use were found to be significant risk factors of orthopaedic SSI. The most common perioperative prophylaxis used was IV cefuroxime. Majority of the cases (86.5%) received prolonged prophylactic antibiotics. The most common causative agent was Staphylococcus aureus (31.25%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.25%) and Enterobacter spp (7.5%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 20% of the S. aureus infections. Up to 19.4% of the Gram-negative organisms are multidrug resistant. The higher rate of isolation of organisms resistant to the prophylactic antibiotics being used may be related to the prolonged use of prophylactic antibiotics, which exerted selective pressure for the acquisition of resistant organisms. Conclusion Despite its relatively low prevalence in our local institution and worldwide, the prevention of SSI in orthopaedic practice is crucial to avoid morbidity, mortality and high healthcare cost. This may be achieved by control of modifiable risk factors such as obesity and tobacco use, appropriate use of prophylactic antibiotics and implementation of good surgical and infection control practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- WC Chua
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - SA Rahman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - ZZ Deris
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia,Corresponding Author: Zakuan Zainy Deris, Department Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia ;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Romeo I, Sobrero F, Roccia F, Dolan S, Laverick S, Carlaw K, Aquilina P, Bojino A, Ramieri G, Duran-Valles F, Bescos C, Segura-Pallerès I, Ganasouli D, Zanakis SN, de Oliveira Gorla LF, Pereira-Filho VA, Gallafassi D, Perez Faverani L, Alalawy H, Kamel M, Samieirad S, Jaisani MR, Rahman SA, Rahman T, Aladelusi T, Hassanein AG, Goetzinger M, Bottini GB. A multicentric, prospective study on oral and maxillofacial trauma in the female population around the world. Dent Traumatol 2022; 38:196-205. [PMID: 35390219 PMCID: PMC9321108 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Approximately 20% of patients with maxillofacial trauma are women, but few articles have analysed this. The aim of this multicentric, prospective, epidemiological study was to analyse the characteristics of maxillofacial fractures in the female population managed in 14 maxillofacial surgery departments on five continents over a 1-year period. METHODS The following data were collected: age (0-18, 19-64, or ≥65 years), cause and mechanism of the maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and/or drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score, associated injury, day of trauma, timing and type of treatment, and length of hospitalization. RESULTS Between 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 562 of 2387 patients hospitalized with maxillofacial trauma were females (24%; M: F ratio, 3.2:1) aged between 1 and 96 years (median age, 37 years). Most fractures occurred in patients aged 20-39 years. The main causes were falls (43% [median age, 60.5 years]), which were more common in Australian, European and American units (p < .001). They were followed by road traffic accidents (35% [median age, 29.5 years]). Assaults (15% [median age, 31.5 years]) were statistically associated with alcohol and/or drug abuse (p < .001). Of all patients, 39% underwent open reduction and internal fixation, 36% did not receive surgical treatment, and 25% underwent closed reduction. CONCLUSION Falls were the main cause of maxillofacial injury in the female population in countries with ageing populations, while road traffic accidents were the main cause in African and some Asian centres, especially in patients ≤65 years. Assaults remain a significant cause of trauma, primarily in patients aged 19-64 years, and they are related to alcohol use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Romeo
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Sobrero
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Roccia
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sean Dolan
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Sean Laverick
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Kirsten Carlaw
- Department Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Aquilina
- Department Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alessandro Bojino
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Ramieri
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesc Duran-Valles
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Coro Bescos
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Segura-Pallerès
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dimitra Ganasouli
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stelios N Zanakis
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Luis Fernando de Oliveira Gorla
- Department Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valfrido Antonio Pereira-Filho
- Department Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Gallafassi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Perez Faverani
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Haider Alalawy
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi Alhariri Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Kamel
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi Alhariri Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sahand Samieirad
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Tabishur Rahman
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Timothy Aladelusi
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ahmed Gaber Hassanein
- Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Maximilian Goetzinger
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gian Battista Bottini
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bojino A, Roccia F, Carlaw K, Aquilina P, Rae E, Laverick S, Romeo I, Iocca O, Copelli C, Sobrero F, Segura-Pallerès I, Ganasouli D, Zanakis SN, de Oliveira Gorla LF, Pereira-Filho VA, Gallafassi D, Perez Faverani L, Alalawy H, Kamel M, Samieirad S, Jaisani MR, Rahman SA, Rahman T, Aladelusi T, Hassanein AG, Duran-Valles F, Bescos C, Goetzinger M, Bottini GB. A multicentric prospective analysis of maxillofacial trauma in the elderly population. Dent Traumatol 2022; 38:185-195. [PMID: 35150461 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The growth of the global elderly population will lead to an increase in traumatic injuries in this group, including those affecting the maxillofacial area, with a heavier load on health systems. The aim of this multicentric prospective study was to understand and evaluate the incidences, causes and patterns of oral and maxillofacial injuries in patients aged over 60 years admitted to 14 maxillofacial surgical departments around the world. METHODS The following data were collected: gender, cause and mechanism of maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score, associated injury, day of trauma, timing and type of treatment and length of hospitalization. Statistical analyses were performed using non-parametric and association tests, as well as linear regression. RESULTS Between 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 348 out of 2387 patients (14.6%), 197 men and 151 women (ratio 1.3:1; mean age 72.7 years), were hospitalized. The main causes of the maxillofacial fractures were falls (66.4%), followed by road traffic accidents (21.5%) and assaults (5.2%). Of the 472 maxillofacial fractures, 69.7% were in the middle third of the face, 28% in the lower third and 2.3% in the upper third. Patients with middle third fractures were on average 4.2 years older than patients with lower third fractures (95% CI 1.2-7.2). Statistical analysis showed that women were more involved in fall-related trauma compared with males (p < .001). It was also shown that road traffic accidents cause more fractures in the lower third (p < .001) and in the middle third-lower third complex compared with upper third (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Maxillofacial fractures in the elderly were more frequent in European and Australian centres and affected men slightly more than women. Falls were the leading cause of fractures, especially among women. The middle third of the face was most often affected, and conservative treatment was the most common choice for the management of such patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bojino
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Roccia
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Kirsten Carlaw
- Department Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Aquilina
- Department Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Euan Rae
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Sean Laverick
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Irene Romeo
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Oreste Iocca
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Copelli
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Sobrero
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ignasi Segura-Pallerès
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dimitra Ganasouli
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stelios N Zanakis
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Daniel Gallafassi
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Perez Faverani
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Haider Alalawy
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi Alhariri Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Kamel
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi Alhariri Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sahand Samieirad
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehul Rajesh Jaisani
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Tabishur Rahman
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Timothy Aladelusi
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ahmed Gaber Hassanein
- Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Francesc Duran-Valles
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Coro Bescos
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maximilian Goetzinger
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gian Battista Bottini
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Segura-Palleres I, Sobrero F, Roccia F, de Oliveira Gorla LF, Pereira-Filho VA, Gallafassi D, Faverani LP, Romeo I, Bojino A, Copelli C, Duran-Valles F, Bescos C, Ganasouli D, Zanakis SN, Hassanein AG, Alalawy H, Kamel M, Samieirad S, Jaisani MR, Rahman SA, Rahman T, Aladelusi T, Carlaw K, Aquilina P, Rae E, Laverick S, Goetzinger M, Bottini GB. Characteristics and age-related injury patterns of maxillofacial fractures in children and adolescents: A multicentric and prospective study. Dent Traumatol 2022; 38:213-222. [PMID: 35146900 PMCID: PMC9305543 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background/Aims Paediatric maxillofacial trauma accounts for 15% of all maxillofacial trauma but remains a leading cause of mortality. The aim of this prospective, multicentric epidemiological study was to analyse the characteristics of maxillofacial fractures in paediatric patients managed in 14 maxillofacial surgery departments on five continents over a 1‐year period. Methods The following data were collected: age (preschool [0–6 years], school age [7–12 years], and adolescent [13–18 years]), cause and mechanism of the maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and/or drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score, associated injuries, day of the maxillofacial trauma, timing and type of treatment, and length of hospitalization. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results Between 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 322 patients (male:female ratio, 2.3:1) aged 0–18 years (median age, 15 years) were hospitalized with maxillofacial trauma. The most frequent causes of the trauma were road traffic accidents (36%; median age, 15 years), followed by falls (24%; median age, 8 years) and sports (21%; median age, 14 years). Alcohol and/or drug abuse was significantly associated with males (p < .001) and older age (p < .001). Overall, 474 fractures were observed (1.47 per capita). The most affected site was the mandibular condyle in children <13 years old and the nose in adolescents. The proportion of patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation increased with age (p < .001). Conclusion The main cause of paediatric maxillofacial fractures was road traffic accidents, with the highest rates seen in African and Asian centres, and the frequency of such fractures increased with age. Falls showed an inverse association with age and were the leading cause of trauma in children 0–6 years of age. The choice of treatment varies with age, reflecting anatomical and etiological changes towards patterns more similar to those seen in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Segura-Palleres
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Sobrero
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Roccia
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniel Gallafassi
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Perez Faverani
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene Romeo
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bojino
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Copelli
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesc Duran-Valles
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Coro Bescos
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dimitra Ganasouli
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hippocratio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stelios N Zanakis
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hippocratio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ahmed Gaber Hassanein
- Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Haider Alalawy
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical City, Gazi Alhariri Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Kamel
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical City, Gazi Alhariri Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sahand Samieirad
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Tabishur Rahman
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Timothy Aladelusi
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kirsten Carlaw
- Department Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Aquilina
- Department Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Euan Rae
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Sean Laverick
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Maximilian Goetzinger
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gian Battista Bottini
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rahman SA, Maynard N, Trudgill N, Crosby T, Park M, Wahedally H, Underwood TJ, Cromwell DA. Prediction of long-term survival after gastrectomy using random survival forests. Br J Surg 2021; 108:1341-1350. [PMID: 34297818 PMCID: PMC10364915 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No well validated and contemporaneous tools for personalized prognostication of gastric adenocarcinoma exist. This study aimed to derive and validate a prognostic model for overall survival after surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma using a large national dataset. METHODS National audit data from England and Wales were used to identify patients who underwent a potentially curative gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma of the stomach. A total of 2931 patients were included and 29 clinical and pathological variables were considered for their impact on survival. A non-linear random survival forest methodology was then trained and validated internally using bootstrapping with calibration and discrimination (time-dependent area under the receiver operator curve (tAUC)) assessed. RESULTS The median survival of the cohort was 69 months, with a 5-year survival of 53.2 per cent. Ten variables were found to influence survival significantly and were included in the final model, with the most important being lymph node positivity, pT stage and achieving an R0 resection. Patient characteristics including ASA grade and age were also influential. On validation the model achieved excellent performance with a 5-year tAUC of 0.80 (95 per cent c.i. 0.78 to 0.82) and good agreement between observed and predicted survival probabilities. A wide spread of predictions for 3-year (14.8-98.3 (i.q.r. 43.2-84.4) per cent) and 5-year (9.4-96.1 (i.q.r. 31.7-73.8) per cent) survival were seen. CONCLUSIONS A prognostic model for survival after a potentially curative resection for gastric adenocarcinoma was derived and exhibited excellent discrimination and calibration of predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Rahman
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - N Maynard
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - N Trudgill
- Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - T Crosby
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Park
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - H Wahedally
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - T J Underwood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - D A Cromwell
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rahmat S, Yati IES, Musa R, A Rahman S, Ahmad NS, Dzulkarnain AAA. Psychometric properties of the Malay inventory for the perception of Muslims with hearing impairment. Med J Malaysia 2021; 76:672-679. [PMID: 34508373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study are to measure the psychometric properties of the newly developed preliminary version of hearing impairment inventory for religious duties for Muslim adults, i.e., the Inventori Persepsi Bagi Muslim Yang Memiliki Masalah Pendengaran (IPM3P), and to produce a final version of IPM3P. METHODS The preliminary version of IPM3P that is used to investigate the perception of Muslim adults with hearing impairment towards Islamic understanding and practice has been tested in this study. The preliminary version of IPM3P consists of three domains (obligation, practice, and difficulty) with 59 items in total. Four phases of validity and reliability testing involved were: i) Content validation, ii) Pretesting, face validity and proofreading, iii) Pilot study, and iv) Psychometric evaluation. RESULTS The final version of IPM3P consists of 36 items. The findings from the present study suggest that the final version of IPM3P has excellent psychometric properties manifested by: i) good content validity, ii) excellently pretested, iii) good face validity, iv) good construct validity shown by principal component analysis and convergent validity, and v) good discriminant validity showed by divergent validity. CONCLUSION IPM3P shows good potential to be used as a tool in investigating perception of Muslim adults towards Islamic understanding and practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Rahmat
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - I E S Yati
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - R Musa
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kulliyyah of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - S A Rahman
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - N S Ahmad
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - A A A Dzulkarnain
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rahman SA, Walker RC, Crosby T, Maynard N, Cromwell DA, Underwood TJ. O14: RANDOM FOREST MODELS FOR PREDICTING SURVIVAL AFTER OESOPHAGECTOMY. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab117.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
For patients with oesophageal cancer, producing accurate prediction models for survival after oesophagectomy has proved challenging. We investigated whether Random Survival Forests (RSF), a novel machine learning method, could produce an accurate prognostic model for overall survival after oesophagectomy.
Method
The study used data from the National Oesophago-Gastric Cancer Audit and included patients diagnosed with oesophageal adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma between 2012 and 2018 in England and Wales and who underwent a curative oesophagectomy with adequate lymphadenectomy (15 LN) and survived to discharge (n=6198). Missing data was handled using multiple imputation and the data was split into training and validation cohorts. 13 variables were selected for inclusion using Random Forest variable importance and used to train the final model. The same variables were used to develop a traditional Cox regression model.
Result
Median survival was 53 months in both cohorts. The final RSF model had good discrimination in the validation cohort with a C-index of 0.757(0.755-0.759), exceeding the Cox model; 0.748(0.746-0.750). At 3 years post-surgery, overall survival was 56.2%. The RSF yielded a mean predicted survival of 55.8%(IQR 29.5%-81.7%) compared to 55.4%(40.0%-77.7%) for the Cox model. The most important variables were lymph node involvement and pT/ypT stage, however other variables including neoadjuvant treatment completion and surgical complications were also found to be important.
Conculsion
A Random Forest survival model provided better performance in predicting survival after curative oesophagectomy. This will allow more personalised predictions to be delivered clinicians and patients.
Take-home message
Random Forest survival models can accurately predict post-operative prognosis after oesophagectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- SA Rahman
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton
| | - RC Walker
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton
| | | | - N Maynard
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - DA Cromwell
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England
| | - TJ Underwood
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Davies SJ, West MA, Rahman SA, Underwood TJ, Marino LV. Oesophageal cancer: The effect of early nutrition support on clinical outcomes. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 42:117-123. [PMID: 33745564 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Malnutrition is prevalent in oesophageal cancer. Evidence for the use of nutrition support and prehabilitation in this cohort is variable. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of early nutrition support and functional measures of nutritional status on post-operative outcomes in adult patients with oesophageal cancer. METHODS Retrospective review of adults with oesophageal cancer undergoing oesophagectomy (n = 151). Early nutrition support was defined as: oral or enteral nutrition supplementation during neoadjuvant treatment. Late nutrition support defined as: oral or enteral nutrition supplementation prescribed post-operatively. Nutrition outcome measures were; percentage weight loss from 3 to 6 months prior to diagnosis, peri- and post-operatively, and pre-operative assessment of handgrip-strength (HGS). RESULTS Pre-operative weight loss ≥10% was a significant predictor of mortality at 1 year (OR 2.84, 95%CI 1.03-7.83, p = 0.04) independent of tumour stage, adjuvant treatment, age and gender. Adults prescribed early nutrition support during neoadjuvant treatment experienced less weight loss at 12-months post-oesophagectomy compared to adults prescribed late oral nutrition support (p=<0.05). Pre-operative HGS measurements were not a useful predictor of postoperative complications (p = 0.2), length of stay (p = 0.9) or 90-day mortality (p = 0.6). CONCLUSIONS Pre-operative weight loss ≥10% was associated with mortality. Early nutrition support was associated with less weight loss at 12-months post-operatively. Pre-operative HGS measures did not have prognostic value as a stand-alone measure. Future work should investigate the efficacy of early nutrition support in reducing both pre- and post-operative weight loss to improve nutritional status and surgical outcomes as part of a multimodal prehabilitation programme in adults with oesophageal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Davies
- Department of Dietetics/ Speech and Language Therapy, University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
| | - M A West
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - S A Rahman
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - T J Underwood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - L V Marino
- Department of Dietetics/ Speech and Language Therapy, University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Southampton, University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Southampton, UK; Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health and Well Being, University of Winchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rahmat S, Rahman SA, Tukiran NH, Musa R, Othman NA, Dzulkarnain AAA. Development of hearing impairment inventory for religious duties of Muslim adult. Med J Malaysia 2021; 76:205-211. [PMID: 33742629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is a preliminary work to develop a Malay version questionnaire named 'Inventori Persepsi bagi Muslim yang Memiliki Masalah Pendengaran (IPM3P)' to assess the perception on Islamic understanding and practice among Muslim adults with hearing impairment. METHODS The scale development involved three phases: i) generation of domains based on the literature, ii) generation of sub-domains based on literature review and Islamic panel survey, and iii) generation of items. RESULTS Preliminary version of IPM3P consists of 59 items was produced, representing three domains: Obligation (18 items), Practice (21 items), and Difficulty (20 items), and seven sub-domains ('Ibadah', 'Aqidah', 'Muamalat', 'Tasawwuf', 'Akhlak','Da'wah', and 'Sirah'). CONCLUSION The preliminary version of IPM3P needs to be psychometrically tested. This pioneering study may become an impetus towards more research pertaining to understanding the effect of hearing loss towards religious life in the future in Malaysia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Rahmat
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - S A Rahman
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - N H Tukiran
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - R Musa
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - N A Othman
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - A A A Dzulkarnain
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ahad A, Haque E, Naaz S, Bey A, Rahman SA. Pattern of buccal and palatal bone density in the maxillary premolar region: an anatomical basis of anterior-middle superior alveolar (AMSA) anesthetic technique. J Dent Anesth Pain Med 2020; 20:387-395. [PMID: 33409367 PMCID: PMC7783380 DOI: 10.17245/jdapm.2020.20.6.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The anterior-middle superior alveolar (AMSA) anesthetic technique has been reported to be a less traumatic alternative to several conventional nerve blocks and local infiltration for anesthesia of the maxillary teeth, their periodontium, and the palate. However, its anatomic basis remains controversial. The present study aimed to determine if the pattern of cortical and cancellous bone density in the maxillary premolar region can provide a rationale for the success of the AMSA anesthetic technique. Methods Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 66 maxillary quadrants from 34 patients (16 men and 18 women) were evaluated using a volumetric imaging software for cortical and cancellous bone densities in three interdental regions between the canine and first molar. Bone density was measured in Hounsfield units (HU) separately for the buccal cortical, palatal cortical, buccal cancellous, and palatal cancellous bones. Mean HU values were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and one-way ANOVA with post-hoc analysis. Results Cancellous bone density was significantly lower (P ≤ 0.001) in the palatal half than in the buccal half across all three interdental regions. However, there was no significant difference (P = 0.106) between the buccal and palatal cortical bone densities at the site of AMSA injection. No significant difference was observed between the two genders for any of the evaluated parameters. Conclusions The palatal half of the cancellous bone had a significantly lower density than the buccal half, which could be a reason for the effective diffusion of the anesthetic solution following a palatal injection during the AMSA anesthetic technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Ahad
- Department of Dentistry, Medini Rai Medical College, Palamu, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ekramul Haque
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Sabiha Naaz
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Afshan Bey
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Oke OE, Oyelola OB, Iyasere OS, Njoku CP, Oso AO, Oso OM, Fatoki ST, Bankole KO, Jimoh IO, Sybill NI, Awodipe HO, Adegbite HO, Rahman SA, Daramola JO. In ovo injection of black cumin (Nigella sativa) extract on hatching and post hatch performance of thermally challenged broiler chickens during incubation. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100831. [PMID: 33516471 PMCID: PMC7936144 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects in ovo injection of black cumin (BC) extract on chick's quality and response of thermally challenged broiler chickens. A total of 700 hatching eggs of broiler chickens (Marshall) were assigned to 7 treatments of 100 eggs each and incubated using the conventional protocol (37.8°C) for the first 10 d and then exposed to a high temperature (39.6°C) for 6 h daily from day 10 until day 18 of the incubation. At embryonic day 17.5, the eggs were randomly allotted to 7 treatment groups, viz.: eggs without in ovo injection (WA), eggs injected with 0.9% saline solution (SA), 3 mg ascorbic acid (AA), 2 mg BC (TB), 4 mg BC (FB), 6 mg BC (SB), and 8 mg BC (EB) extracts. Experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design. After hatching, the chicks were reared separately according to in ovo treatments for 8 wk. Data were collected on hatchability, chick quality, internal organs, growth performance, plasma superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and triiodothyronine (T3). The results showed that the hatchability of the eggs in the AA group was similar to that of SB eggs and higher than that of the other treatment groups. The intestinal weights of SB and EB birds were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of TB, SA, and WA. The final weights of the birds of SB and AA were higher (P < 0.05) than those of other treatments. The feed conversion ratio of the birds of TB and FB was comparable to that of EB and WA but higher than that of SB and AA. At hatch, the creatinine of the birds in SA and WA was similar to that of EB, FB, and TB but higher (P < 0.05) than that of AA and SB. Also, the plasma malondialdehyde, T3, and superoxide dismutase of SB and AA birds were better (P < 0.05) than those of the control groups. Overall, it was concluded that 6 mg of BC extract improved the antioxidant status and posthatch performance of thermally challenged broiler chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O E Oke
- Centre of Excellence in Avian Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo; Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - O B Oyelola
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - O S Iyasere
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - C P Njoku
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - A O Oso
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - O M Oso
- Centre of Excellence in Avian Science, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
| | - S T Fatoki
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - K O Bankole
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - I O Jimoh
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - N I Sybill
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - H O Awodipe
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - H O Adegbite
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - S A Rahman
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - J O Daramola
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rahman SA, Rahman T, Hashmi GS, Ahmed SS, Ansari MK, Sami A. A Clinical and Radiological Investigation of the Use of Dermal Fat Graft as an Interpositional Material in Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Surgery. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2020; 13:53-58. [PMID: 32642033 DOI: 10.1177/1943387520903876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is mainly through surgical intervention. Interpositional materials are a necessity when it comes to prevention of TMJ re-ankylosis after arthroplasty. Early aggressive postoperative physiotherapy is essential for the prevention or treatment of TMJ hypomobility or ankyloses. Recently, it has been shown that abdominal dermis fat helps promote smooth, pain-free joint function and it is stable after interposition and less prone to fragmentation. The purpose of this study was to assess that whether dermal fat is a good choice of interpositional material when it comes to decreased pain perception during aggressive physiotherapy after release of ankyloses thus ensuring good compliance by the patient. We also assessed the fate of the graft material on computed tomography to evaluate any volume changes if occurred after interposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tabishur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ghulam Sarwar Hashmi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Saeed Ahmed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Kalim Ansari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abdus Sami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Grant LK, Cohn A, Abramson M, Russell JA, Wiley A, Coborn JE, Nathan MD, Scheer FA, Klerman EB, Kaiser UB, Rahman SA, Joffe H. 0190 Impact of Menopause-Related Sleep Fragmentation on Daytime Sleepiness and Neurobehavioral Performance: Results of an Experimental Model. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cognitive performance may be adversely affected during the menopause transition from hot flash-induced sleep fragmentation even without changes in sleep duration. We examined the effects of experimentally-induced sleep fragmentation without shortened sleep duration on daytime sleepiness and neurobehavioral performance in women in a high and low estradiol (E2) state.
Methods
Seven pre-menopausal women (29.4 ± 3.8 years) participated in two 6-day inpatient studies repeated in a high-E2 (mid-to-late follicular phase) then low-E2 state (gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist-induced E2 suppression - similar to levels during menopause) ~6 weeks apart. Sleep was uninterrupted on nights 1–2 [8-h time-in-bed (TIB)] and fragmented on nights 3–5 (9-h TIB) using an auditory stimulus delivered every 15 min that sustained wake for 2 minutes, producing 1-h total wake after sleep onset. Wakefulness was confirmed by event-markers during polysomnographically-recorded sleep episodes. Daytime subjective sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale; KSS) and neurobehavioral performance (Psychomotor Vigilance Task; PVT) were assessed every 2–3 hours on study days 2–5. The effects of study day and E2 state on KSS scores and PVT measured reaction time (RT) and attentional failures (RT>500ms) were examined using linear mixed models.
Results
Participants reported feeling sleepier (+10%), had longer RTs (+22ms), and more attentional failures (+53%) after sleep fragmentation than after uninterrupted sleep (all p<0.001). While there was no main effect of E2 state, there was a differential effect of sleep fragmentation by E2 state on PVT, but not sleepiness, such that the increase in RT and attentional failures in response to sleep fragmentation was only observed in the high-E2 state (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Eight hours of total sleep time may not be sufficient to maintain subjective sleepiness and PVT performance levels when sleep is not consolidated. These findings have important implications for understanding the role of sleep and E2-modulated cognitive impairment during the menopause transition.
Support
This work was supported by the NIH: 5R01 AG053838-02 (HJ) and K24-HL105664 (EBK).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L K Grant
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - A Cohn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Women’s Hormones and Aging Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - M Abramson
- Women’s Hormones and Aging Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - J A Russell
- Women’s Hormones and Aging Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - A Wiley
- Women’s Hormones and Aging Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - J E Coborn
- Women’s Hormones and Aging Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - M D Nathan
- Women’s Hormones and Aging Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - F A Scheer
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - E B Klerman
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - U B Kaiser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - S A Rahman
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - H Joffe
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Women’s Hormones and Aging Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sumi SK, Rahman SA, Islam MI, Islam MM, Talukder MK. Vitamin D Profile in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2020; 29:311-316. [PMID: 32506084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There are multi-factorial causes of decrease in bone mass in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) patients who correlate with the duration of active disease. By measuring the vitamin D level we can assess the deficiency or insufficiency earlier and can predict the risk of osteoporotic bone fracture & can give appropriate supplementation of vitamin D & calcium. This study was done to determine the status of serum 25(OH)D in patients with JIA and to see the relationship among various subtypes and disease duration. In this cross sectional study 30 (Thirty) newly diagnosed cases of JIA attending the pediatric rheumatology clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2014 to December 2015 were included. Thirty age and sex matched control were selected and serum 25(OH)D was measured in cases and controls. Among JIA patients, 60% and among controls 33% had hypo-vitaminosis D. In JIA group the mean level of serum 25(OH)D was lower than control group and the result is statistically significant in cases of poly-articular JIA and systemic JIA (SJIA). There is significant difference of the mean values of vitamin D levels in JIA and control groups for the cases of hypo-vitaminosis D. Level of serum 25(OH)D significantly decreased as disease duration continue increased. More than half of JIA patients had hypo-vitaminosis D. It is more significant in cases of poly-articular JIA and systemic JIA (SJIA). There was negative relationship between serum 25(OH)D level and disease duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Sumi
- Dr Sufia Khatun Sumi, Pediatrician, National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Arora L, Bhardwaj S, Hashmi GS, Anwar SF, Rahman SA. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of Perpendicular Plating Versus Conventional Plating in Mandibular Symphysis Fracture. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2020; 19:143-148. [PMID: 31988578 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-019-01244-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and Objective To perform the comparative finite element analysis of conventional and perpendicular plating in mandibular symphyseal fracture. Material and Method Two FE model of mandible were developed and symphyseal fracture was created in both of them. Each fractured model was fixed by conventional method 2.0 mm system and perpendicular method 2.00 mm system. Stresses which developed in plates and mandible after application of load were observed in the model. Results Results of the study indicated that perpendicular method was more resistant to displacing forces and rest of the parameters was within the permitted limits. Conclusion Perpendicular method was reasonably effective as conventional method of fixation for mandibular symphyseal fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lohit Arora
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, UP India
| | - Siddharth Bhardwaj
- 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, ZH College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, UP India
| | - Ghulam Sarwar Hashmi
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, UP India
| | - Syed Fahad Anwar
- 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, ZH College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, UP India
| | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, UP India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rahman T, Hashmi GS, Ahmed SS, Rahman SA. Posttraumatic Lateral Dislocation of Mandibular Condyle: A Proposed New Classification with Report of 14 Dislocated Condyles. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2019; 12:249-253. [PMID: 31719948 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1677725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateral dislocation of the intact mandibular condyle is a relatively uncommon clinical condition. Since the first description and classification of these dislocations given by Allen and Young, few classification systems have been proposed in literature with incorporation of different patterns of dislocations identified over the years. We share our clinical experience of nine cases of such dislocations with 14 dislocated condyles, and on the basis of clinical and radiological findings coupled with the review of existing classification systems, we propose a new classification system which includes all the possible patterns of such dislocations overcoming the major shortcomings of preexisting classification systems identified by the authors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tabishur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ghulam Sarwar Hashmi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Saeed Ahmed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ansari MK, Hashmi GS, Ahmed SS, Rahman SA, Rahman T. Management of Odontogenic Fascial Space Infection in Hemophilia Patients: A Proposed Protocol. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019; 18:197-202. [PMID: 30996538 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-018-1117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to suggest a protocol for the management of odontogenic space infections in patients with hemophilia which is often incompletely addressed by clinicians because of the fear of excessive bleeding leading to prolonged morbidity. Methods and Results Six diagnosed cases of hemophilia (four cases of hemophilia A and two cases of hemophilia B) with odontogenic fascial space infection were included in the study. Apart from routine investigations, assessments were also done to identify inhibitors to factor VIII/IX. Factor VIII/IX was replaced along with infusion of factor eight inhibitor bypass activity (FEIBA) one hour before incision and drainage. All the cases were treated by incision and drainage along with removal of foci under local anesthesia. The postoperative outcome was uneventful in all cases except one in which postoperative bleeding was noted from the extraction site on the third day which was again managed following the designed protocol. Conclusion Maintaining good oral hygiene and seeking early dental care are of prime importance in patients with hemophilia to avoid invasive procedures. However, if odontogenic infection develops in these patients, performing timely incision and drainage using our protocol will minimize the complications and give successful outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Kalim Ansari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Ghulam Sarwar Hashmi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Syed Saeed Ahmed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Tabishur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
The Indian subcontinent comprises Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, the Maldives, Myanmar, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. In all of these countries, except the Maldives, rabies is endemic. An estimated 59,000 people die from rabies each year; 45% of these deaths occur on the Indian subcontinent and approximately 33% take place in India. The majority of these deaths are attributable to dog bites, and those most affected are children and the poor. Access to post-exposure prophylaxis is limited and costly, the supply of immunoglobulins and vaccines can be irregular and public awareness of rabies is low. Moreover, the vaccination of domestic dogs is not widely implemented. There is a need for increased laboratory capacity and expertise across the continent, as well as better data, improved surveillance and more user-friendly and economical diagnostic tests. An animal birth control programme has met with mixed success in India. However, a greater focus on mass dog vaccination could eliminate the disease at its source, reducing the large burden of mortality for at-risk communities. In this paper, the authors examine the situation in each of the countries on the Indian subcontinent, discuss current needs, obstacles and progress, and examine future strategies, with the objective of eliminating dog-mediated rabies from the subcontinent by 2030.
Collapse
|
23
|
Ferdous A, Ahmed AN, Rahman SA, Hasan T, Mahzabeen L. Role of Red Cell Distribution Width to Platelet Ratio in Predicting Hepatic Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B. Mymensingh Med J 2018; 27:550-560. [PMID: 30141445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global health problem. Globally more than 2 (Two) billion people are infected with Hepatitis B virus and about 400 million people are chronic carriers who are at risk of death from liver cirrhosis and liver cancer that kill more than one million people globally each year. Prevalence of HBV infection in Bangladesh is 2.3 to 9.7% and approximately 10 million people are harboring the virus as carrier. HBV infection is increasing at an alarming rate in Bangladesh due to lack of health education, poverty, illiteracy and lack of hepatitis B vaccination. This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Clinical Pathology, in collaboration with Department of Hepatology and Department of Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2013 to August 2014 to assess the role of Red cell distribution width to platelet ratio (RPR) as a non invasive marker in predicting hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients. Total 40 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection who fulfilled the criteria of chronic hepatitis B were included in this study. In this study, majority of the patients belonged to 20-29 years, most of the patients were male and HBeAg negative .Histopathology was gold standard to identify the stages of hepatic fibrosis. We also measured RDW and Platelet count by automated haematology analyzer when platelet count was rechecked manually; RDW to platelet ratio was calculated to see the correlation between RPR with different stages of hepatic fibrosis. In chronic hepatitis B patients a positive and significant correlation was found between RPR and stages of hepatic fibrosis and Spearman's correlation coefficient for RPR was 0.749 which was positive and highly significant (p<0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of RDW to Platelet ratio (RPR) was 62.86%, 80%, 95.65%, 23.53% and 65% respectively. To assess the diagnostic performance of RPR we also used receiver-operating curve (ROC). The area under ROC was 0.889 for identification of hepatic fibrosis. This data revealed that RPR is strongly associated with stages of hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients. As such RPR may be a useful diagnostic tool for assessing the hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ferdous
- Dr Afroza Ferdous, Assistant Surgeon, Narayanganj Sadar Upazilla Health Complex, Narayanganj, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Güemes M, Rahman SA, Shah P, Hussain K. Enteroinsular hormones in two siblings with Donohue syndrome and complete leptin deficiency. Pediatr Diabetes 2018; 19:675-679. [PMID: 29226618 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The main biochemical hallmark of the rare and lethal condition of Donohue syndrome (DS) is hyperinsulinemia. The roles of the gut and other pancreatic hormones involved in glucose metabolism, satiety and energy expenditure have not been previously reported in DS. Two siblings with genetically confirmed DS and extremely low weight underwent a mixed meal (MM) test where pancreatic hormones insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, active amylin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP) as well as gut hormones active glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY) and leptin were analyzed using a Multiplex assay. Results were compared to those of 2 pediatric controls. As expected, concentrations of insulin, C-peptide and amylin were very high in DS cases. The serum glucagon concentration was undetectable at the time of hypoglycemia. GIPs concentrations were lower in the DS, however, this was not mimicked by the other incretin, GLP-1. Ghrelin concentrations were mainly undetectable (<13.7 pg/mL) in all participants. DS cases had higher PYY and dampened PP concentrations. Leptin levels remained completely undetectable (<137.0 pg/mL). Patients with DS have extremely high amylin levels, completely undetectable serum glucagon and leptin levels with abnormal satiety regulating hormone PP with a relatively normal ghrelin response during a MM test. The low serum GIP might be acting as physiological brake on insulin secretion. The undetectable serum leptin levels suggest the potential of using leptin analogues as therapy for DS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Güemes
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Disease Section, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.,Endocrinology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - S A Rahman
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Disease Section, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.,Endocrinology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - P Shah
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Disease Section, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.,Endocrinology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - K Hussain
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Disease Section, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medical & Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ahmad MS, Abuzar MA, Razak IA, Rahman SA, Borromeo GL. Educating medical students in oral health care: current curriculum and future needs of institutions in Malaysia and Australia. Eur J Dent Educ 2017; 21:e29-e38. [PMID: 27273317 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Poor oral health has been associated with compromised general health and quality of life. To promote comprehensive patient management, the role of medical professionals in oral health maintenance is compelling, thus indicating the need for educational preparation in this area of practice. This study aimed to determine the extent of training in oral health in Malaysian and Australian medical schools. An audio-recorded semi-structured phone interview involving Academic Programme Directors in Malaysian (n = 9, response rate=81.8%) and Australian (n = 7, response rate = 35.0%) medical schools was conducted during the 2014/2015 and 2014 academic years, respectively. Qualitative data was analysed via thematic analysis, involving coding and grouping into emerging themes. Quantitative data were measured for frequencies. It was found that medical schools in Malaysia and Australia offered limited teaching of various oral health-related components that were mostly integrated throughout the curriculum, in the absence of structured learning objectives, teaching methodologies and assessment approaches. Barriers to providing oral health education included having insufficient expertise and overloaded curriculum. As medical educators demonstrated support for oral health education, collaboration amongst various stakeholders is integral to developing a well-structured curriculum and practice guidelines on oral health management involving medical professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Ahmad
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - M A Abuzar
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - I A Razak
- University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S A Rahman
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - G L Borromeo
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Haniff MASM, Hafiz SM, Huang NM, Rahman SA, Wahid KAA, Syono MI, Azid IA. Piezoresistive Effect in Plasma-Doping of Graphene Sheet for High-Performance Flexible Pressure Sensing Application. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017. [PMID: 28418234 DOI: 10.1007/s10853-017-0861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a straightforward plasma treatment modification of graphene with an enhanced piezoresistive effect for the realization of a high-performance pressure sensor. The changes in the graphene in terms of its morphology, structure, chemical composition, and electrical properties after the NH3/Ar plasma treatment were investigated in detail. Through a sufficient plasma treatment condition, our studies demonstrated that plasma-treated graphene sheet exhibits a significant increase in sensitivity by one order of magnitude compared to that of the unmodified graphene sheet. The plasma-doping introduced nitrogen (N) atoms inside the graphene structure and was found to play a significant role in enhancing the pressure sensing performance due to the tunneling behavior from the localized defects. The high sensitivity and good robustness demonstrated by the plasma-treated graphene sensor suggest a promising route for simple, low-cost, and ultrahigh resolution flexible sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A S M Haniff
- Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - S M Hafiz
- Functional Device Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N M Huang
- Faculty of Engineering, Xiamen University of Malaysia , Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - S A Rahman
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - K A A Wahid
- Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - M I Syono
- Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - I A Azid
- Mechanical Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Spanish Institute , Kulim Hi-TechPark, Kedah 09000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Haniff MASM, Hafiz SM, Huang NM, Rahman SA, Wahid KAA, Syono MI, Azid IA. Piezoresistive Effect in Plasma-Doping of Graphene Sheet for High-Performance Flexible Pressure Sensing Application. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:15192-15201. [PMID: 28418234 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a straightforward plasma treatment modification of graphene with an enhanced piezoresistive effect for the realization of a high-performance pressure sensor. The changes in the graphene in terms of its morphology, structure, chemical composition, and electrical properties after the NH3/Ar plasma treatment were investigated in detail. Through a sufficient plasma treatment condition, our studies demonstrated that plasma-treated graphene sheet exhibits a significant increase in sensitivity by one order of magnitude compared to that of the unmodified graphene sheet. The plasma-doping introduced nitrogen (N) atoms inside the graphene structure and was found to play a significant role in enhancing the pressure sensing performance due to the tunneling behavior from the localized defects. The high sensitivity and good robustness demonstrated by the plasma-treated graphene sensor suggest a promising route for simple, low-cost, and ultrahigh resolution flexible sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A S M Haniff
- Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - S M Hafiz
- Functional Device Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N M Huang
- Faculty of Engineering, Xiamen University of Malaysia , Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - S A Rahman
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - K A A Wahid
- Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - M I Syono
- Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - I A Azid
- Mechanical Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Spanish Institute , Kulim Hi-TechPark, Kedah 09000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Islam MI, Talukder MK, Islam MM, Laila K, Rahman SA. Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Paediatric Rheumatic Diseases. Mymensingh Med J 2017; 26:356-363. [PMID: 28588173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a potentially fatal complication of rheumatic disorders, which commonly occurs in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA).This study was carried out with the aims of describing the clinical features, laboratory findings and outcomes of MAS associated with paediatric rheumatic diseases in the Department of Paediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and compare these results with previous studies on MAS. This retrospective study was conducted in the paediatric rheumatology wing of the Department of Paediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Clinical and laboratory profile of all the diagnosed cases of MAS were analyzed from the medical records from January 2010 to July 2015. Among 10 MAS patients, 6 were female and 4 were male. Seven patients of systemic JIA, two patients of SLE and one patient with Kawasaki Disease developed MAS in their course of primary disease. Mean duration of primary disease prior to development of MAS was 2.9 years and mean age of onset was 9.1 years. High continued fever and new onset hepatosplenomegaly were the hallmark of the clinical presentation. White blood cell count and platelet count came down from the mean of 16.2 to 10.2×10⁹/L and 254 to 90×10⁹/L. Mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate was dropped from 56 to 29 mm/hr. Six patients had abnormal liver enzyme level (ALT) and 5 had evidence of coagulopathy (prolonged prothrombin time and APTT) at the onset of disease. Hyperferritinnemia were found in all the patients. Bone marrow study was done in 5 patients but features of hamophagocytosis were found only in 2 patients. All patients received intravenous steroid and 3 patients who did not respond to steroid received additional cyclosporine. Mortality rate was 30% in this series. Macrophage activation syndrome is a fatal complication of paediatric rheumatic diseases among which s-JIA was predominant. Early diagnosis and aggressive therapy is essential to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M I Islam
- Dr Mohammad Imnul Islam, Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kumar R, Ahmed SS, Hashmi GS, Ansari MK, Rahman SA. Meta Analysis of Etiology and its Clinical and Radiological Correlation in Cases of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2016; 15:336-344. [PMID: 27752203 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-015-0862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The present study was planned to investigate the etiology of injuries and to analyze correlation between clinical and radiological findings in cases of craniomaxillofacial trauma. STUDY DESIGN An 18 months cross-sectional study was done and 325 patients with maxillofacial fractures were analyzed from January 2013 to June 2014 who reported to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. Data was recorded in a preformed case sheet which included: patient's demographic data, cause of injury, type of injury, treatment plan. RESULTS Out of the 325 patients, 74.4 % were males with a male: female ratio of 2.91:1. The 21-30 year age group was found to be maximum. Road traffic accidents accounted for 71.3 %, followed by fall from height (19 %) and assault (9.5 %). Most commonly involved vehicles were two wheelers followed by public transport. Mandibular fractures (65 %) were most prevalent, followed by zygomaticomaxillary complex (44.27 %), parietal bone (48 %) and orbital fractures (21.3 %). Thirty-seven fractures (7.14 %) were missed clinically which were confirmed later by radiographic technique. Maximum were in cranium region (57 %) followed by mandible (27 %), mid face region (16.21 %). Thirty-three fractures (6.37 %) were overestimated or suspected clinically which could not be confirmed by radiographic technique. Maximum were in mandible (48.5 %) followed by mid face (36.33 %) and cranium (15.15 %). CONCLUSION The idea behind this article is to analyze the various trends and affecting factors and correlation between clinical and radiological findings. A better understanding of the above said would help in future treatment planning and management of facial injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. ZADCH, AMU, Aligarh, UP 202002 India
| | - Syed Saeed Ahmed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. ZADCH, AMU, Aligarh, UP 202002 India
| | - Gulam Sarwar Hashmi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. ZADCH, AMU, Aligarh, UP 202002 India
| | - Md Kalim Ansari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. ZADCH, AMU, Aligarh, UP 202002 India
| | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. ZADCH, AMU, Aligarh, UP 202002 India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Okediran BS, Olurotimi AE, Rahman SA, Michael OG, Olukunle JO. Alterations in the lipid profile and liver enzymes of rats treated with monosodium glutamate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/sokjvs.v12i3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
31
|
Banu LM, Begum D, Rahman SA, Mollah FH, Ferdousi S, Habibullah M. Correlation of hyperinsulinemia with hyperandrogenemia in primary infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Mymensingh Med J 2015; 24:127-132. [PMID: 25725679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy among women of the reproductive age and is the most common form of anovulatory infertility. Hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia are the characteristic features of PCOS, but the association between hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia is not well established. To find out any causal association between Hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia, a retrospective study was done on primary infertile women suffering from PCOS in the department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. A total of 80 subjects were selected, among them 60 were cases and 20 were controls. Depending on their body mass index, the cases were divide into two groups, obese (n=30) and non-obese (n=30). Age and BMI matched controls were taken for both age groups. Observations derived from the study suggested that hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia are characteristic features of PCOS but significant correlation was not found between hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia. However, we cannot negate any possible association between the two and thereby we recommend further study to be done with a larger sample size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M Banu
- Dr Laila Mahzabeen Banu, Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, East-West Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Talukder MK, Islam MI, Rahman SA, Kawser CA. Poncet's disease (tubercular rheumatism) - a case report. Mymensingh Med J 2014; 23:814-817. [PMID: 25481609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Poncet's disease is a rare condition in childhood. It occurs due to immunological reaction to tubercular protein resulting in reactive arthritis and manifest with polyarthritis associated with features of active tuberculosis. We are reporting a case of Poncet's disease that was initially treated as a case of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) without any improvement. The diagnosis was made clinically from history and physical findings with supportive radiological findings and confirmed by granulomatous changes on FNAC. Our patient improved dramatically after treatment with anti-tubercular drugs. Though very rare, Poncet's disease should be strongly considered in the differential diagnosis of fever and polyarthritis of obscure cause, especially in tubercular endemic countries like ours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Talukder
- Dr Manik Kumar Talukder, Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ishak MH, Zhun OC, Shaari R, Rahman SA, Hasan MN, Alam MK. Panoramic radiography in evaluating the relationship of mandibular canal and impacted third molars in comparison with cone-beam computed tomography. Mymensingh Med J 2014; 23:781-786. [PMID: 25481601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the validity of panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the assessment of mandibular canal and impacted third molar. In this descriptive-analytical study, 58 mandibular third molars from 42 patients who showed a close relationship between impacted third molar and canal on panoramic radiographs were selected. They were then classified into seven radiographic markers in panoramic radiographs (superimposition, darkening of the root, interruption of the white lines, root narrowing, canal diversion, canal narrowing, and also closed distance in OPG <1mm). The groups of markers were further assessed with CBCT to see presence or absence of contact. The three most common markers seen in panoramic images are superimposition, interruption of white line and root darkening. In CBCT, superimposition marker always presented higher frequency of contact with canal compared to non-contact group. There are 31% of teeth presented with interruption of white lines and there are 29.3% of teeth presented with superimposition. About 55.6% and 35.3% of the impacted mandibular third molars which indicated interruption of white lines and superimposition also indicated contact in the CBCT respectively. Presence or absence of radiological sign in panoramic radiography was not properly predict a close relationship with third molar and it is suggested that in case of tooth-canal overlapping, the patient should be referred for CBCT assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Ishak
- Dr Mohd Hisyam Ishak, Dental Graduate, School of Dental Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Afroz S, Rathi S, Rajput G, Rahman SA. Dental esthetics and its impact on psycho-social well-being and dental self confidence: a campus based survey of north Indian university students. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2013; 13:455-60. [PMID: 24431775 DOI: 10.1007/s13191-012-0247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the subjects perceived satisfaction of their dental appearance and to compare it with a various attitudes and practices which may affect social and psychological behavior and dental self confidence. This was a questionnaire based cross-sectional study done in the campus of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (India). 426 students participated in the study. Questions were pooled in from various components of psychosocial impact of dental esthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) for various attitudes and practices. Quantitative analysis was done using descriptive analysis and Chi square test using SPSS software. Majority of subjects (57.7 %) was highly satisfied with their smile, more than one-third (37.3 %) were satisfied and there were only 4.9 % subjects who were not satisfied with their smile. Tooth color was the most common (27.9 %) smile component causing dissatisfaction amongst the subjects. More than two-fifth (42.5 %) liked to show their teeth, one-half (49.5 %) liked to see their teeth in mirror, photographs and videos, almost one quarter (23.9 %) subjects used to hide their teeth while smiling. As compared to females, significantly higher proportion of males was conscious of opposite sex while smiling. The proportion of subjects which was highly satisfied with their smile was significantly higher for the item 'like to show their teeth and who liked to see their teeth in mirror, photographs and video' whereas for all the other items the proportion of respondents which was not satisfied with their smile was significantly higher. Self perceived satisfaction of dental esthetics has positive impact on person's social and psychological behavior and dental self confidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Afroz
- Master of Dental Surgery (Prosthodontics), Dr Z A Dental College, AMU, Aligarh, M-255, Ashiana Colony, Lucknow, 226012 India
| | - Shraddha Rathi
- Master of Dental Surgery (Prosthodontics), Dr Z A Dental College, AMU, Aligarh, M-255, Ashiana Colony, Lucknow, 226012 India
| | - Geeta Rajput
- Master of Dental Surgery (Prosthodontics), Dr Z A Dental College, AMU, Aligarh, M-255, Ashiana Colony, Lucknow, 226012 India
| | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Master of Dental Surgery (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery), Dr Z A Dental College, AMU, Aligarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Malik A, Shaari R, Rahman SA, Aljuboori MJ. Influence of platelet-rich plasma on dental implants. Osseointegration in well-controlled diabetic patients. Dent Implantol Update 2012; 23:89-96. [PMID: 23236685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the osseointegration of dental implants in diabetic patients. A split-mouth design was employed in all 14 patients, with each patient receiving two mini implants. A PRP-coated mini implant was installed in one quadrant as a trial and a plain mini implant was added in the opposite quadrant to serve as a control. Radiographic evaluation was done at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after implant placement. Radiographic density is measured at five points around the implants, repeatedly. Results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups of implants. The minimally invasive mini implants successfully maintained integration at the end of 9 weeks. There were no cases of implant failure. The results of this study suggest that platelet-rich plasma implant coating has no significant effect in reducing the time for mini implant osseointegration in diabetic patients.
Collapse
|
37
|
Begum S, Khatun N, Rayhan SM, Rahman SA. Carpenter syndrome: a case report. Mymensingh Med J 2012; 21:547-549. [PMID: 22828559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Carpenter syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder known as Acrocephalopolysyndyctyly (ACPS) type II characterized by acrocephaly, facial dysmorphism, brachedyctyly, syndyctyly, preaxial polydyctyly, obesity, congenital heart disease, cryptorchidism, hypogenitalism, bony abnormalities and umbilical hernia. Carpenter syndrome is autosomal recessive disorder and prenatal diagnosis of this syndrome is possible by ultrasonogram during pregnancy. We reported a case of carpenter syndrome of 2.5 months old female infant of consanguineous parents who was admitted in the paediatric ward of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) on 30th March 2010. She was diagnosed as a case of Carpenter syndrome having acrocephaly prominent ridge of sagital suture, polydactyly, syndyctyly on history, clinical examination findings and investigation reports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Begum
- Department of Paediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jamal CY, Karim MA, Rahman MH, Rahman SA, Mannan MA. Mineral homeostasis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia before and after chemotherapy. Mymensingh Med J 2011; 20:206-212. [PMID: 21522089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A prospective study was carried out in the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to evaluate the pattern of mineral changes in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) before and after induction chemotherapy. A total number of 32 children aged 1-14 years of both sexes were evaluated. Serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, albumin and creatinine and urinary creatinine and calcium were estimated in cases and control. The mean calcium level at presentation and post induction was 9.50±1.48 mg/dl and 9.08±1.30 mg/dl. Serum phosphate was higher in preinduction mean of 4.83±2.71 mg/dl than post induction value of 4.75±1.38 mg/dl and it was statistically significant. Serum alkaline phosphatase was higher in the post induction period. It was 324.8±128.17 U/L in pre induction and 331.59±93.97 u/l in post induction period. It was not statistically significant. No statistically significant difference was found in pre and post induction urinary calcium and creatinine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Jamal
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jamal CY, Islam MM, Rahman SA. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia presenting with severe hypercalcaemia. Mymensingh Med J 2011; 20:134-137. [PMID: 21240178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children. Usually ALL children present with pallor, fever, bleeding, infection, lymphadenopathy and hapatosplenomegaly. Very rarely ALL patients may present with hypercalcaemia and osteolytic lesions. A five year old boy was referred and transferred to the paediatric ward of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka with the complaints of pain in the hip joint, generalized pain all over the body and very high calcium level. He was severely pale, the total leukocyte count was normal with normal distribution. Platelet count was also normal. There were some atypical lymphocytes. Radiology showed extensive osteolytic lesions. Considering all these findings, a bone marrow study was done, which was compatible with ALL. Flow-cytometry was also done and it confirmed the diagnosis as common ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Jamal
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ajibola ES, Adeleye OE, Okediran BS, Rahman SA. Effect of intragastric administration of crude aqueous leaf extract of Anacardium occidentale on gastric acid secretion in rats. Niger J Physiol Sci 2010; 25:59-62. [PMID: 22314904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of an aqueous leaf extract ofAnacardium occidentale on gastric acid secretion was tested in rats. Twenty (20) Wistar albino rats were used for the gastric acid assay experiment. The rats were divided into 2 groups of 10 each. Gastric acid output was determined by continuous perfusion of rat stomach in urethane anesthetized rats. Control gastric acid output was obtained using 0.9% sodium chloride as perfusate and extract induced gastric acid output was obtained by perfusion with 0.1% solution of Anacardium occidentale Intragastric administration of the extract caused significant increase in mean gastric output (P <0.05). Atropine (5μg/100g,) lM and Cimetidine (5mg/100g), IM. significantly inhibited the extract induced gastric acid secretion via muscarinic and histaminic receptors respectively. Our findings showed that the use of the plant extract as a single anti-gastric ulcer therapy may not involve lowering of acid secretions rather it may be due to its anti Helicobacter pylori effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E S Ajibola
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ajibola ES, Adebayo AO, Thomas FC, Rahman SA, Gbadebo AM, Odunbaku TA. Hexamethonium produces both twitch and tetanic depression without fade in common African toad (Bufo regularis). Niger J Physiol Sci 2010; 24:107-10. [PMID: 20234748 DOI: 10.4314/njps.v24i2.52917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study was designed to investigate the nature of the cholinoceptors at the sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle junction of the common African toad (Bufo regularis). Using myographic technique, the twitch properties of the sciatic-gastrocnemius muscle preparation of the common African toad was studied. Both the twitch height and peak tetanic height were measured as a percentage of control. Hexamethonium at a concentration of 0.1 mM significantly [P<0.05] reduced the mean twitch height from 2.62 cm to 1.0 cm and mean peak tetanic height from 5.38 cm to 4.32 cm. Hexamethonium, however does not produce tetanic fade at the same concentration. We hypothesized that the cholinoceptors of the neuromuscular junction of the common African toad (Bufo regularis) resemble the developing synapse of African clawed toad (Xenopus laevis) and may contain muscarinic M1 autoreceptors at the pre juntional membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E S Ajibola
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Farouk HM, Mansour HE, Rahman SA, Mostafa AA, Shamy HA, Zarouk WA. Effect of the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DRB1 and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide on the outcome of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Braz J Med Biol Res 2010; 42:831-8. [PMID: 19738989 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009000900010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2008] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to determine whether the presence of the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DRB1 locus is associated with production of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP Abs) and to what extent they are associated with increased susceptibility to and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Egyptian patients. Twenty-nine RA patients gave informed consent to participate in a case-control study that was approved by the Ain Shams University Medical Ethics Committee. RA disease activity and severity were determined using the simplified disease activity index and Larsen scores, respectively. We used a wide scale national study on the pattern of HLA typing in normal Egyptians as a control study. Anti-CCP Abs and HLA-DRB1 typing were determined for all subjects. The alleles most strongly associated with RA were HLA-DRB1 [*01 , *04 and *06] (41.4%). RA patients with serum anti-CCP Ab titers above 60 U/mL had a significantly higher frequency of HLA-DRB1*01 (58.3%) and HLA-DRB1*04 alleles (83.3%). Significant positive correlations were found between serum and synovial anti-CCP Ab titer, RA disease activity, and severity (r = 0.87, 0.66 and 0.63, respectively; P < 0.05). HLA-DRB1 SE+ alleles [*01 and *04] were highly expressed among Egyptian RA patients. The presence of these alleles was associated with higher anti-CCP Ab titer, active and severe RA disease. Early determination of HLA-DRB1 SE+ alleles and serum anti-CCP Ab could facilitate the prediction of the clinical course and prognosis of RA when first evaluated leading to better disease control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Farouk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nur Asyura Adznam S, Shahar S, Rahman SA, Yusof NAM, Arshad F, Yassin Z, Salleh M, Samah AA, Sakian NIM. An action research on promotion of healthy ageing and risk reduction of chronic disease: a need assessment study among rural elderly Malays, care givers and health professionals. J Nutr Health Aging 2009; 13:925-30. [PMID: 19924355 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-009-0253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prior to the development of a healthy ageing and risk reduction of chronic diseases intervention package for older people in Malaysia, a need assessment study was conducted to identify nutritional knowledge status and information needs, as part of an action research process. DESIGN A cross sectional study was conducted among 267 elderly people, 54 care givers and 66 health professionals in two rural areas of Peninsular of Malaysia (i.e Sabak Bernam, Selangor and Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan). Information on nutritional knowledge was obtained from an interview based questionnaire for older subjects and caregiver and through self administered questionnaire from the health professionals. Anthropometric and functional measurements were also conducted among elderly subjects. RESULTS It was found that the elderly subjects had poor nutritional knowledge with 43.8% of them classified as having unsatisfactory nutritional knowledge, followed by moderately satisfactory (33.7%), very unsatisfactory (15.7%) and good (6.7%). Talks, counselling sessions with health professionals and electronic media such as television and radio were the most preferred nutrition education sources among elderly subjects and their care givers. The majority of health professionals studied (98.5%) had good nutritional knowledge. Although most of them (93.6%) were involved in management of the elderly, only 45.5% incorporated nutritional information component in this activity. Most of the health professionals used the guidelines for management of elderly patients (63.6%). However, nutritional knowledge was very minimal in these guidelines. Multiple regression analysis indicated that 'level education', involvement in 'social activities', presence of 'hearing problems', the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) score, having previous 'nutritional information' and 'participation in healthy eating programme' were the major predictors of nutritional knowledge score among elderly subjects. CONCLUSION Based on the above findings it is thus, imperative that an appropriate nutritional intervention package and programme be developed so as to help improve nutritional knowledge and subsequently the nutritional status of the rural elderly Malays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Nur Asyura Adznam
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kahn S, Stuardo L, Rahman SA. OIE guidelines on dog population control. Dev Biol (Basel) 2008; 131:511-516. [PMID: 18634514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
At the 73rd General Session the OIE decided to develop guidance for Members on humane methods for the control of stray animal populations. In 2006, an ad hoc Group was convened under the leadership of the OIE Permanent Animal Welfare Working Group. With valuable assistance from the OIE Collaborating Centre on Animal Welfare, a Questionnaire was developed and sent to OIE Members, of which 81 countries submitted responses. In light of this information, the ad hoc Group prepared a first draft report, which notes the importance of controlling stray dog populations to help prevent zoonotic diseases and non-disease related nuisances to society and the environment. In choosing the preferred method of control, the risks to operators must be taken into account, as well as religious, cultural and economic contexts of the country concerned. Depending on the situation, methods requiring individual animal restraint or methods for use at a distance may be recommended. While activities that aim to physically reduce the numbers of stray dogs are important, achievement of the long term goals of dog population control and avoidance of risks to human health depends on the education of dog owners and the general public as to their responsibilities. The draft report notes that sub-national jurisdictions are often those responsible for the control of stray dog populations. The key role played by non-governmental organisations in stray dog management in many countries is acknowledged. The draft report emphasises that the close involvement of veterinarians and of official Veterinary Services, working in collaboration with public health authorities, is necessary to realise long term goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Kahn
- International Trade Department, Head of Department, OIE Central Bureau, Paris, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sudarshan MK, Mahendra BJ, Madhusudana SN, Rahman SA, Ashwathnarayana DH. An assessment of rabies free status of the Island of Andaman, Nicobar and Lakshadweep: results of the WHO sponsored national multicentric rabies survey. Indian J Public Health 2006; 50:11-4. [PMID: 17193752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Islands of Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep have been reported to be rabies free from time immemorial. Recently, a survey of the islands of Andaman and Nicobar & Lakshadweep was done between July and August 2003 to assess their rabies free status. It was revealed that these islands continue to remain rabies free. However, in Andamans the increasing dog population, poor vigil on import of dogs and lack of laboratory surveillance for rabies posed a threat to this status. The Lakshadweep islands, which are free of dogs, however, faced a threat from the lack of vigil on the entry and presence of cats and poor surveillance for rabies in them.
Collapse
|
46
|
Rahman SA, Walker L, Ricketts W. Global perspectives on animal welfare: Asia, the Far East, and Oceania. REV SCI TECH OIE 2005; 24:597-612. [PMID: 16358511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In Asia and the Far East, livestock undergo major suffering due to malnutrition, overloading, and ill-treatment. At slaughter animals are handled roughly and watch other animals being killed; stunning is not practised. Cruelty to other animals such as elephants, horses, donkeys, bears, dogs, and circus animals has largely been prevented through the efforts of animal welfare organisations. Governments have taken initiatives to establish Animal Welfare Boards and enact laws for the prevention of cruelty to animals, but their efforts are far too limited to be of any significance and financial constraints and lack of personnel inhibit the implementation of the laws that do exist. In New Zealand and Australia, legislation and strong consultation procedures at governmental and community level strive to regulate and improve the welfare of animals in all spheres, but in other Oceanic countries there is a need for both an update in, or establishment of, legislation covering animal welfare. Limited progress has been made due to the status of the Veterinary Services and a lack of resources. Although some public and educational awareness programmes are carried out, increasing exposure to international media and attitudes of visiting tourists suggest that further awareness work needs to be undertaken. To address the problems of animal welfare in developing countries, it would be inappropriate to adopt the international standards that are implemented in the developed countries. Each developing country should evolve its own standards based on its own individual priorities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Rahman
- Retired Dean, Bangalore Veterinary College and Secretary, Commonwealth Veterinary Association, #123, 7th 'B' Main Road, 4th Block West, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560011, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Rahman SA, Chowdhury YJ, Rahman M, Islam M, Sultana J, Kawser CA. Chronic Caffey's disease: an uncommon entity in children. Mymensingh Med J 2005; 14:199-202. [PMID: 16056212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic Caffey's disease in an uncommon condition in children is characterized by an acute inflammatory reaction in the periosteum along with systemic disturbances. A 30 months old boy was reported in the pediatric unit of BSMMU, Dhaka about two and half years back with the complaints of multiple painful soft tissue swelling in different parts of the body since birth and delay in growth and development. The child was found well and alert, moderately pale, febrile with hard, tender swelling of mandible on both sides. There were multiple swellings over the right arm, forearm, both thighs and bowing of the lower limbes. Investigations revealed normal serum calcium and phosphate level with mild elevation of alkaline phosphatase. Radiological findings showed periosteal new bone formation in mandible and long bones. There was diaphyseal expansion of the long bones with expansion of the ribs anteriorly. He was diagnosed as a case of chronic caffey's disease on the basis of history, clinical examination and investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Rahman
- Paediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
MOTIVATION Pathway Hunter Tool (PHT), is a fast, robust and user-friendly tool to analyse the shortest paths in metabolic pathways. The user can perform shortest path analysis for one or more organisms or can build virtual organisms (networks) using enzymes. Using PHT, the user can also calculate the average shortest path (Jungnickel, 2002 Graphs, Network and Algorithm. Springer-Verlag, Berlin), average alternate path and the top 10 hubs in the metabolic network. The comparative study of metabolic connectivity and observing the cross talk between metabolic pathways among various sequenced genomes is possible. RESULTS A new algorithm for finding the biochemically valid connectivity between metabolites in a metabolic network was developed and implemented. A predefined manual assignment of side metabolites (like ATP, ADP, water, CO(2) etc.) and main metabolites is not necessary as the new concept uses chemical structure information (global and local similarity) between metabolites for identification of the shortest path.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Rahman
- Cologne University BioInformatics Center (CUBIC) and Institute of Biochemistry, Zülpicher Strasse 47, 50674 Köln, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Baur A, Stäbler A, Wendtner CM, Arbogast S, Rahman SA, Santl M, Issels R, Reiser M. MR-imaging changes of musculoskeletal soft-tissue sarcomas associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 2003; 19:391-401. [PMID: 12850925 DOI: 10.1080/0265673021000058366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate early changes in musculoskeletal soft-tissue sarcomas under neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with regional hyperthermia (RHT). PATIENTS AND METHODS Nineteen consecutive patients with high-grade soft-tissue sarcomas of the musculoskeletal system were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with RHT. Patients were imaged, using a high field MR-scanner, before onset of therapy, immediately after one and after four cycles of therapy. The images were evaluated for volume reduction and development of tumour necrosis. In addition, side effects such as surrounding soft-tissue oedema, bleeding and muscle or bone marrow necrosis were analysed. RESULTS Tumour volume reduction was significant after the completion of neoadjuvant therapy (mean 49%, range 5-91%; (p < 0.001). Extent of tumour necrosis was also significantly different before (mean 22%) and after therapy (mean 58%, p < 0.001). Three patients showed strong tumour necrosis already after one cycle of treatment. Tumour volume reduction was not associated with the extent of pre-existing necrosis or necrosis development. The extent of tumour volume before start of therapy did not affect volume reduction or necrosis induction after therapy. Reduction of tumour oedema was significant after therapy (p < 0.001). No side effects were observed during thermochemotherapy. CONCLUSION Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with RHT resulted in significant tumour volume reduction and induction of tumour necrosis, which can be detected early and monitored closely with MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Baur
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Munich, Klinikum Grosshadern, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
|