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Avan A, Feigin VL, Bennett DA, Steinmetz JD, Hachinski V, Stranges S, Owolabi MO, Aali A, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbasi-Kangevari Z, Abd-Allah F, Abdollahzade S, Abidi H, Abolhassani H, Abualhasan A, Abu-Gharbieh E, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Abu-Zaid A, Ahmad A, Ahmadi S, Ahmed LA, Ajami M, Al Hamad H, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Alimohamadi Y, Aljunid SM, Al-Raddadi RM, Amiri S, Arabloo J, Arulappan J, Arumugam A, Asadi-Pooya AA, Athar M, Athari SS, Atout MMW, Azadnajafabad S, Azangou-Khyavy M, Azari Jafari A, Azzam AY, Baghcheghi N, Bagherieh S, Baltatu OC, Bazmandegan G, Bhojaraja VS, Bijani A, Bitaraf S, Calina D, Darwish AH, Djalalinia S, Doheim MF, Dorostkar F, Eini E, El Nahas N, El Sayed I, Elhadi M, Elmonem MA, Eskandarieh S, Faghani S, Fallahzadeh A, Farahmand M, Ghafourifard M, Ghamari SH, Gholami A, Ghozy S, Goleij P, Hadei M, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Hamidi S, Hasaballah AI, Hassan A, Hedna K, Hegazy MI, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Hosseini MS, Hoveidamanesh S, Jahrami H, Jamshidi E, Javaheri T, Jayapal SK, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamiab Z, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khan M, Khan MAB, Khatatbeh, Khayat Kashani HR, Khosravi A, Kompani F, Koohestani HR, Larijani B, Lasrado S, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Malekpour MR, Malik AA, Mansournia MA, Mardi P, Maroufi SF, Masoudi S, Mayeli M, Mehrabi Nasab E, Menezes RG, Mirmoeeni S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Mobarakabadi M, Mohammadi E, Mohammadi S, Mohan S, Mokdad AH, Momtazmanesh S, Montazeri F, Moradi Sarabi M, Moraga P, Morovatdar N, Motaghinejad M, Naghavi M, Natto ZS, Nejadghaderi SA, Noroozi N, Okati-Aliabad H, Pazoki Toroudi H, Perna S, Piradov MA, Pourahmadi M, Rafiei A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahmani AM, Rahmani S, Rahmanian V, Rajabpour-Sanati A, Rao CR, Rashidi MM, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghian-Jahromi I, Redwan EMM, Rezaee M, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaeian M, Rikhtegar R, Saad AMA, Saddik B, Sadeghi M, Sadeghian S, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Sahebkar A, Salahi S, Salahi S, Samy AM, Sanadgol N, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Saylan M, Shahbandi A, Shahrokhi S, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shanawaz M, Sharifi-Rad J, Sheikhi RA, Shetty JK, Shobeiri P, Shorofi SA, Siabani S, Tabatabaei SM, Taheri Abkenar Y, Taheri Soodejani M, Temsah MH, Vakilian A, Valadan Tahbaz S, Valizadeh R, Vaziri S, Vo B, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yesiltepe M, Zaki N, Zare I, Zare Dehnavi A, Zoladl M. The burden of neurological conditions in north Africa and the Middle East, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Glob Health 2024; 12:e960-e982. [PMID: 38604203 PMCID: PMC11099299 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(24)00093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of neurological conditions in north Africa and the Middle East is increasing. We aimed to assess the changes in the burden of neurological conditions in this super-region to aid with future decision making. METHODS In this analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 data, we examined temporal trends of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; deaths and disabilities combined), deaths, incident cases, and prevalent cases of 14 major neurological conditions and eight subtypes in 21 countries in the north Africa and the Middle East super-region. Additionally, we assessed neurological DALYs due to 22 potentially modifiable risk factors, within four levels of classification, during the period 1990-2019. We used a Bayesian modelling estimation approach, and generated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for final estimates on the basis of the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles of 1000 draws from the posterior distribution. FINDINGS In 2019, there were 441·1 thousand (95% UI 347·2-598·4) deaths and 17·6 million (12·5-24·7) neurological DALYs in north Africa and the Middle East. The leading causes of neurological DALYs were stroke, migraine, and Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (hereafter dementias). In north Africa and the Middle East in 2019, 85·8% (82·6-89·1) of stroke and 39·9% (26·4-54·7) of dementia age-standardised DALYs were attributable to modifiable risk factors. North Africa and the Middle East had the highest age-standardised DALY rates per 100 000 population due to dementia (387·0 [172·0-848·5]), Parkinson's disease (84·4 [74·7-103·2]), and migraine (601·4 [107·0-1371·8]) among the global super-regions. Between 1990 and 2019, there was a decrease in the age-standardised DALY rates related to meningitis (-75·8% [-81·1 to -69·5]), tetanus (-88·2% [-93·9 to -76·1]), stroke (-32·0% [-39·1 to -23·3]), intracerebral haemorrhage (-51·7% [-58·2 to -43·8]), idiopathic epilepsy (-26·2% [-43·6 to -1·1]), and subarachnoid haemorrhage (-62·8% [-71·6 to -41·0]), but for all other neurological conditions there was no change. During 1990-2019, the number of DALYs due to dementias, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, ischaemic stroke, and headache disorder (ie, migraine and tension-type headache) more than doubled in the super-region, and the burden of years lived with disability (YLDs), incidence, and prevalence of multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, Parkinson's disease, and ischaemic stroke increased both in age-standardised rate and count. During this period, the absolute burden of YLDs due to head and spinal injuries almost doubled. INTERPRETATION The increasing burden of neurological conditions in north Africa and the Middle East accompanies the increasing ageing population. Stroke and dementia are the primary causes of neurological disability and death, primarily attributable to common modifiable risk factors. Synergistic, systematic, lifetime, and multi-sectoral interventions aimed at preventing or mitigating the burden are needed. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. TRANSLATIONS For the Persian, Arabic and Turkish translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Vollset SE, Ababneh HS, Abate YH, Abbafati C, Abbasgholizadeh R, Abbasian M, Abbastabar H, Abd Al Magied AHA, Abd ElHafeez S, Abdelkader A, Abdelmasseh M, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdi P, Abdollahi M, Abdoun M, Abdullahi A, Abebe M, Abiodun O, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Abouzid M, Aboye GB, Abreu LG, Absalan A, Abualruz H, Abubakar B, Abukhadijah HJJ, Addolorato G, Adekanmbi V, Adetunji CO, Adetunji JB, Adeyeoluwa TE, Adha R, Adhikary RK, Adnani QES, Adzigbli LA, Afrashteh F, Afzal MS, Afzal S, Agbozo F, Agodi A, Agrawal A, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahlstrom AJ, Ahmad A, Ahmad F, Ahmad MM, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ahmed A, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Ahmed S, Ahmed SA, Akinosoglou K, Akkaif MA, Akrami AE, Akter E, Al Awaidy S, Al Hasan SM, Al Mosa AS, Al Ta'ani O, Al Zaabi OAM, Alahdab F, Alajlani MM, Al-Ajlouni Y, Alalalmeh SO, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam N, Alam T, Alam Z, Al-amer RM, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Albakri A, Aldhaleei WA, Aldridge RW, Alemohammad SY, Alemu YM, Al-Gheethi AAS, Al-Hanawi MK, Ali A, Ali A, Ali I, Ali MU, Ali R, Ali SSS, Ali VE, Ali W, Al-Ibraheem A, Alicandro G, Alif SM, Aljunid SM, Alla F, Almazan JU, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Alqutaibi AY, Alrawashdeh A, Alrousan SM, Al-Sabah SK, Alsabri MA, Altaany Z, Al-Tammemi AB, Al-Tawfiq JA, Altirkawi KA, Aluh DO, Alvis-Guzman N, Al-Wardat MS, Al-Worafi YM, Aly H, Alyahya MS, Alzoubi KH, Al-Zyoud W, Amani R, Ameyaw EK, Amin TT, Amindarolzarbi A, Amiri S, Amirzade-Iranaq MH, Amu H, Amugsi DA, Ancuceanu R, Anderlini D, Anderson DB, Andrade PP, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Andrews EA, Anil A, Anil S, Anoushiravani A, Antony CM, Antriyandarti E, Anuoluwa BS, Anvari S, Anyasodor AE, Appiah F, Aquilano M, Arab JP, Arabloo J, Arafa EA, Arafat M, Aravkin AY, Ardekani A, Areda D, Aregawi BB, Aremu A, Ariffin H, Arkew M, Armani K, Artamonov AA, Arumugam A, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Ashbaugh C, Astell-Burt T, Athari SS, Atorkey P, Atout MMW, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Awad H, Awotidebe AW, Ayatollahi H, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Azadnajafabad S, Azeez FK, Azevedo RMS, 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Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022-2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet 2024; 403:2204-2256. [PMID: 38762325 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) and provide a reference forecast (the most likely future), and alternative scenarios assessing disease burden trajectories if selected sets of risk factors were eliminated from current levels by 2050. METHODS Using forecasts of major drivers of health such as the Socio-demographic Index (SDI; a composite measure of lag-distributed income per capita, mean years of education, and total fertility under 25 years of age) and the full set of risk factor exposures captured by GBD, we provide cause-specific forecasts of mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by age and sex from 2022 to 2050 for 204 countries and territories, 21 GBD regions, seven super-regions, and the world. All analyses were done at the cause-specific level so that only risk factors deemed causal by the GBD comparative risk assessment influenced future trajectories of mortality for each disease. Cause-specific mortality was modelled using mixed-effects models with SDI and time as the main covariates, and the combined impact of causal risk factors as an offset in the model. At the all-cause mortality level, we captured unexplained variation by modelling residuals with an autoregressive integrated moving average model with drift attenuation. These all-cause forecasts constrained the cause-specific forecasts at successively deeper levels of the GBD cause hierarchy using cascading mortality models, thus ensuring a robust estimate of cause-specific mortality. For non-fatal measures (eg, low back pain), incidence and prevalence were forecasted from mixed-effects models with SDI as the main covariate, and YLDs were computed from the resulting prevalence forecasts and average disability weights from GBD. Alternative future scenarios were constructed by replacing appropriate reference trajectories for risk factors with hypothetical trajectories of gradual elimination of risk factor exposure from current levels to 2050. The scenarios were constructed from various sets of risk factors: environmental risks (Safer Environment scenario), risks associated with communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases (CMNNs; Improved Childhood Nutrition and Vaccination scenario), risks associated with major non-communicable diseases (NCDs; Improved Behavioural and Metabolic Risks scenario), and the combined effects of these three scenarios. Using the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways climate scenarios SSP2-4.5 as reference and SSP1-1.9 as an optimistic alternative in the Safer Environment scenario, we accounted for climate change impact on health by using the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change temperature forecasts and published trajectories of ambient air pollution for the same two scenarios. Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy were computed using standard methods. The forecasting framework includes computing the age-sex-specific future population for each location and separately for each scenario. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for each individual future estimate were derived from the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles of distributions generated from propagating 500 draws through the multistage computational pipeline. FINDINGS In the reference scenario forecast, global and super-regional life expectancy increased from 2022 to 2050, but improvement was at a slower pace than in the three decades preceding the COVID-19 pandemic (beginning in 2020). Gains in future life expectancy were forecasted to be greatest in super-regions with comparatively low life expectancies (such as sub-Saharan Africa) compared with super-regions with higher life expectancies (such as the high-income super-region), leading to a trend towards convergence in life expectancy across locations between now and 2050. At the super-region level, forecasted healthy life expectancy patterns were similar to those of life expectancies. Forecasts for the reference scenario found that health will improve in the coming decades, with all-cause age-standardised DALY rates decreasing in every GBD super-region. The total DALY burden measured in counts, however, will increase in every super-region, largely a function of population ageing and growth. We also forecasted that both DALY counts and age-standardised DALY rates will continue to shift from CMNNs to NCDs, with the most pronounced shifts occurring in sub-Saharan Africa (60·1% [95% UI 56·8-63·1] of DALYs were from CMNNs in 2022 compared with 35·8% [31·0-45·0] in 2050) and south Asia (31·7% [29·2-34·1] to 15·5% [13·7-17·5]). This shift is reflected in the leading global causes of DALYs, with the top four causes in 2050 being ischaemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, compared with 2022, with ischaemic heart disease, neonatal disorders, stroke, and lower respiratory infections at the top. The global proportion of DALYs due to YLDs likewise increased from 33·8% (27·4-40·3) to 41·1% (33·9-48·1) from 2022 to 2050, demonstrating an important shift in overall disease burden towards morbidity and away from premature death. The largest shift of this kind was forecasted for sub-Saharan Africa, from 20·1% (15·6-25·3) of DALYs due to YLDs in 2022 to 35·6% (26·5-43·0) in 2050. In the assessment of alternative future scenarios, the combined effects of the scenarios (Safer Environment, Improved Childhood Nutrition and Vaccination, and Improved Behavioural and Metabolic Risks scenarios) demonstrated an important decrease in the global burden of DALYs in 2050 of 15·4% (13·5-17·5) compared with the reference scenario, with decreases across super-regions ranging from 10·4% (9·7-11·3) in the high-income super-region to 23·9% (20·7-27·3) in north Africa and the Middle East. The Safer Environment scenario had its largest decrease in sub-Saharan Africa (5·2% [3·5-6·8]), the Improved Behavioural and Metabolic Risks scenario in north Africa and the Middle East (23·2% [20·2-26·5]), and the Improved Nutrition and Vaccination scenario in sub-Saharan Africa (2·0% [-0·6 to 3·6]). INTERPRETATION Globally, life expectancy and age-standardised disease burden were forecasted to improve between 2022 and 2050, with the majority of the burden continuing to shift from CMNNs to NCDs. That said, continued progress on reducing the CMNN disease burden will be dependent on maintaining investment in and policy emphasis on CMNN disease prevention and treatment. Mostly due to growth and ageing of populations, the number of deaths and DALYs due to all causes combined will generally increase. By constructing alternative future scenarios wherein certain risk exposures are eliminated by 2050, we have shown that opportunities exist to substantially improve health outcomes in the future through concerted efforts to prevent exposure to well established risk factors and to expand access to key health interventions. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet 2024; 403:2057-2099. [PMID: 38521087 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00550-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate assessments of current and future fertility-including overall trends and changing population age structures across countries and regions-are essential to help plan for the profound social, economic, environmental, and geopolitical challenges that these changes will bring. Estimates and projections of fertility are necessary to inform policies involving resource and health-care needs, labour supply, education, gender equality, and family planning and support. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 produced up-to-date and comprehensive demographic assessments of key fertility indicators at global, regional, and national levels from 1950 to 2021 and forecast fertility metrics to 2100 based on a reference scenario and key policy-dependent alternative scenarios. METHODS To estimate fertility indicators from 1950 to 2021, mixed-effects regression models and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression were used to synthesise data from 8709 country-years of vital and sample registrations, 1455 surveys and censuses, and 150 other sources, and to generate age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) for 5-year age groups from age 10 years to 54 years. ASFRs were summed across age groups to produce estimates of total fertility rate (TFR). Livebirths were calculated by multiplying ASFR and age-specific female population, then summing across ages 10-54 years. To forecast future fertility up to 2100, our Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) forecasting model was based on projections of completed cohort fertility at age 50 years (CCF50; the average number of children born over time to females from a specified birth cohort), which yields more stable and accurate measures of fertility than directly modelling TFR. CCF50 was modelled using an ensemble approach in which three sub-models (with two, three, and four covariates variously consisting of female educational attainment, contraceptive met need, population density in habitable areas, and under-5 mortality) were given equal weights, and analyses were conducted utilising the MR-BRT (meta-regression-Bayesian, regularised, trimmed) tool. To capture time-series trends in CCF50 not explained by these covariates, we used a first-order autoregressive model on the residual term. CCF50 as a proportion of each 5-year ASFR was predicted using a linear mixed-effects model with fixed-effects covariates (female educational attainment and contraceptive met need) and random intercepts for geographical regions. Projected TFRs were then computed for each calendar year as the sum of single-year ASFRs across age groups. The reference forecast is our estimate of the most likely fertility future given the model, past fertility, forecasts of covariates, and historical relationships between covariates and fertility. We additionally produced forecasts for multiple alternative scenarios in each location: the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) for education is achieved by 2030; the contraceptive met need SDG is achieved by 2030; pro-natal policies are enacted to create supportive environments for those who give birth; and the previous three scenarios combined. Uncertainty from past data inputs and model estimation was propagated throughout analyses by taking 1000 draws for past and present fertility estimates and 500 draws for future forecasts from the estimated distribution for each metric, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) given as the 2·5 and 97·5 percentiles of the draws. To evaluate the forecasting performance of our model and others, we computed skill values-a metric assessing gain in forecasting accuracy-by comparing predicted versus observed ASFRs from the past 15 years (2007-21). A positive skill metric indicates that the model being evaluated performs better than the baseline model (here, a simplified model holding 2007 values constant in the future), and a negative metric indicates that the evaluated model performs worse than baseline. FINDINGS During the period from 1950 to 2021, global TFR more than halved, from 4·84 (95% UI 4·63-5·06) to 2·23 (2·09-2·38). Global annual livebirths peaked in 2016 at 142 million (95% UI 137-147), declining to 129 million (121-138) in 2021. Fertility rates declined in all countries and territories since 1950, with TFR remaining above 2·1-canonically considered replacement-level fertility-in 94 (46·1%) countries and territories in 2021. This included 44 of 46 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, which was the super-region with the largest share of livebirths in 2021 (29·2% [28·7-29·6]). 47 countries and territories in which lowest estimated fertility between 1950 and 2021 was below replacement experienced one or more subsequent years with higher fertility; only three of these locations rebounded above replacement levels. Future fertility rates were projected to continue to decline worldwide, reaching a global TFR of 1·83 (1·59-2·08) in 2050 and 1·59 (1·25-1·96) in 2100 under the reference scenario. The number of countries and territories with fertility rates remaining above replacement was forecast to be 49 (24·0%) in 2050 and only six (2·9%) in 2100, with three of these six countries included in the 2021 World Bank-defined low-income group, all located in the GBD super-region of sub-Saharan Africa. The proportion of livebirths occurring in sub-Saharan Africa was forecast to increase to more than half of the world's livebirths in 2100, to 41·3% (39·6-43·1) in 2050 and 54·3% (47·1-59·5) in 2100. The share of livebirths was projected to decline between 2021 and 2100 in most of the six other super-regions-decreasing, for example, in south Asia from 24·8% (23·7-25·8) in 2021 to 16·7% (14·3-19·1) in 2050 and 7·1% (4·4-10·1) in 2100-but was forecast to increase modestly in the north Africa and Middle East and high-income super-regions. Forecast estimates for the alternative combined scenario suggest that meeting SDG targets for education and contraceptive met need, as well as implementing pro-natal policies, would result in global TFRs of 1·65 (1·40-1·92) in 2050 and 1·62 (1·35-1·95) in 2100. The forecasting skill metric values for the IHME model were positive across all age groups, indicating that the model is better than the constant prediction. INTERPRETATION Fertility is declining globally, with rates in more than half of all countries and territories in 2021 below replacement level. Trends since 2000 show considerable heterogeneity in the steepness of declines, and only a small number of countries experienced even a slight fertility rebound after their lowest observed rate, with none reaching replacement level. Additionally, the distribution of livebirths across the globe is shifting, with a greater proportion occurring in the lowest-income countries. Future fertility rates will continue to decline worldwide and will remain low even under successful implementation of pro-natal policies. These changes will have far-reaching economic and societal consequences due to ageing populations and declining workforces in higher-income countries, combined with an increasing share of livebirths among the already poorest regions of the world. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet 2024; 403:2162-2203. [PMID: 38762324 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00933-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 aims to provide comprehensive estimates of exposure levels, relative health risks, and attributable burden of disease for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, from 1990 to 2021. METHODS The GBD 2021 risk factor analysis used data from 54 561 total distinct sources to produce epidemiological estimates for 88 risk factors and their associated health outcomes for a total of 631 risk-outcome pairs. Pairs were included on the basis of data-driven determination of a risk-outcome association. Age-sex-location-year-specific estimates were generated at global, regional, and national levels. Our approach followed the comparative risk assessment framework predicated on a causal web of hierarchically organised, potentially combinative, modifiable risks. Relative risks (RRs) of a given outcome occurring as a function of risk factor exposure were estimated separately for each risk-outcome pair, and summary exposure values (SEVs), representing risk-weighted exposure prevalence, and theoretical minimum risk exposure levels (TMRELs) were estimated for each risk factor. These estimates were used to calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF; ie, the proportional change in health risk that would occur if exposure to a risk factor were reduced to the TMREL). The product of PAFs and disease burden associated with a given outcome, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), yielded measures of attributable burden (ie, the proportion of total disease burden attributable to a particular risk factor or combination of risk factors). Adjustments for mediation were applied to account for relationships involving risk factors that act indirectly on outcomes via intermediate risks. Attributable burden estimates were stratified by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile and presented as counts, age-standardised rates, and rankings. To complement estimates of RR and attributable burden, newly developed burden of proof risk function (BPRF) methods were applied to yield supplementary, conservative interpretations of risk-outcome associations based on the consistency of underlying evidence, accounting for unexplained heterogeneity between input data from different studies. Estimates reported represent the mean value across 500 draws from the estimate's distribution, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) calculated as the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile values across the draws. FINDINGS Among the specific risk factors analysed for this study, particulate matter air pollution was the leading contributor to the global disease burden in 2021, contributing 8·0% (95% UI 6·7-9·4) of total DALYs, followed by high systolic blood pressure (SBP; 7·8% [6·4-9·2]), smoking (5·7% [4·7-6·8]), low birthweight and short gestation (5·6% [4·8-6·3]), and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG; 5·4% [4·8-6·0]). For younger demographics (ie, those aged 0-4 years and 5-14 years), risks such as low birthweight and short gestation and unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing (WaSH) were among the leading risk factors, while for older age groups, metabolic risks such as high SBP, high body-mass index (BMI), high FPG, and high LDL cholesterol had a greater impact. From 2000 to 2021, there was an observable shift in global health challenges, marked by a decline in the number of all-age DALYs broadly attributable to behavioural risks (decrease of 20·7% [13·9-27·7]) and environmental and occupational risks (decrease of 22·0% [15·5-28·8]), coupled with a 49·4% (42·3-56·9) increase in DALYs attributable to metabolic risks, all reflecting ageing populations and changing lifestyles on a global scale. Age-standardised global DALY rates attributable to high BMI and high FPG rose considerably (15·7% [9·9-21·7] for high BMI and 7·9% [3·3-12·9] for high FPG) over this period, with exposure to these risks increasing annually at rates of 1·8% (1·6-1·9) for high BMI and 1·3% (1·1-1·5) for high FPG. By contrast, the global risk-attributable burden and exposure to many other risk factors declined, notably for risks such as child growth failure and unsafe water source, with age-standardised attributable DALYs decreasing by 71·5% (64·4-78·8) for child growth failure and 66·3% (60·2-72·0) for unsafe water source. We separated risk factors into three groups according to trajectory over time: those with a decreasing attributable burden, due largely to declining risk exposure (eg, diet high in trans-fat and household air pollution) but also to proportionally smaller child and youth populations (eg, child and maternal malnutrition); those for which the burden increased moderately in spite of declining risk exposure, due largely to population ageing (eg, smoking); and those for which the burden increased considerably due to both increasing risk exposure and population ageing (eg, ambient particulate matter air pollution, high BMI, high FPG, and high SBP). INTERPRETATION Substantial progress has been made in reducing the global disease burden attributable to a range of risk factors, particularly those related to maternal and child health, WaSH, and household air pollution. Maintaining efforts to minimise the impact of these risk factors, especially in low SDI locations, is necessary to sustain progress. Successes in moderating the smoking-related burden by reducing risk exposure highlight the need to advance policies that reduce exposure to other leading risk factors such as ambient particulate matter air pollution and high SBP. Troubling increases in high FPG, high BMI, and other risk factors related to obesity and metabolic syndrome indicate an urgent need to identify and implement interventions. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Rondanelli M, Gasparri C, Cavioni A, Sivieri C, Barrile GC, Mansueto F, Perna S. A Patented Dietary Supplement (Hydroxy-Methyl-Butyrate, Carnosine, Magnesium, Butyrate, Lactoferrin) Is a Promising Therapeutic Target for Age-Related Sarcopenia through the Regulation of Gut Permeability: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1369. [PMID: 38732615 PMCID: PMC11085744 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Adequate diet, physical activity, and dietary supplementation with muscle-targeted food for special medical purposes (FSMP) or dietary supplement (DS) are currently considered fundamental pillars in sarcopenia treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a DS (containing hydroxy-methyl-butyrate, carnosine, and magnesium, for its action on muscle function and protein synthesis and butyrate and lactoferrin for their contribution to the regulation of gut permeability and antioxidant/anti-inflammation activity) on muscle mass (assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)), muscle function (by handgrip test, chair test, short physical performance battery (SPPB) test, and walking speed test), inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), C-reactive protein (CRP), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT)) and gut axis (by zonulin). A total of 59 participants (age 79.7 ± 4.8 years, body mass index 20.99 ± 2.12 kg/m2) were enrolled and randomly assigned to intervention (n = 30) or placebo (n = 28). The skeletal muscle index (SMI) significantly improved in the supplemented group compared to the placebo one, +1.02 (CI 95%: -0.77; 1.26), p = 0.001; a significant reduction in VAT was observed in the intervention group, -70.91 g (-13.13; -4.70), p = 0.036. Regarding muscle function, all the tests significantly improved (p = 0.001) in the supplemented group compared to the placebo one. CRP, zonulin, and TNF-alpha significantly decreased (p = 0.001) in intervention, compared to placebo, -0.74 mg/dL (CI 95%: -1.30; -0.18), -0.30 ng/mL (CI 95%: -0.37; -0.23), -6.45 pg/mL (CI 95%: -8.71; -4.18), respectively. This DS improves muscle mass and function, and the gut muscle has emerged as a new intervention target for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.C.); (C.S.); (G.C.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.C.); (C.S.); (G.C.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Claudia Sivieri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.C.); (C.S.); (G.C.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.C.); (C.S.); (G.C.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesca Mansueto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.C.); (C.S.); (G.C.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Simone Perna
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20019 Milano, Italy;
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Steinmetz JD, Seeher KM, Schiess N, Nichols E, Cao B, Servili C, Cavallera V, Cousin E, Hagins H, Moberg ME, Mehlman ML, Abate YH, Abbas J, Abbasi MA, Abbasian M, Abbastabar H, Abdelmasseh M, Abdollahi M, Abdollahi M, Abdollahifar MA, Abd-Rabu R, Abdulah DM, Abdullahi A, Abedi A, Abedi V, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Abidi H, Abiodun O, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Aboyans V, Abrha WA, Abualhasan A, Abu-Gharbieh E, Aburuz S, Adamu LH, Addo IY, Adebayo OM, Adekanmbi V, Adekiya TA, Adikusuma W, Adnani QES, Adra S, Afework T, Afolabi AA, Afraz A, Afzal S, Aghamiri S, Agodi A, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad A, Ahmad D, Ahmad S, Ahmadzade AM, Ahmed A, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Ahmed JQ, Ahmed LA, Ahmed MB, Ahmed SA, Ajami M, Aji B, Ajumobi O, Akade SE, Akbari M, Akbarialiabad H, Akhlaghi S, Akinosoglou K, Akinyemi RO, Akonde M, Al Hasan SM, Alahdab F, AL-Ahdal TMA, Al-amer RM, Albashtawy M, AlBataineh MT, Aldawsari KA, Alemi H, Alemi S, Algammal AM, Al-Gheethi AAS, Alhalaiqa FAN, Alhassan RK, Ali A, Ali EA, Ali L, Ali MU, Ali MM, Ali R, Ali S, Ali SSS, Ali Z, Alif SM, Alimohamadi Y, Aliyi AA, Aljofan M, Aljunid SM, Alladi S, Almazan JU, Almustanyir S, Al-Omari B, Alqahtani JS, Alqasmi I, Alqutaibi AY, Al-Shahi Salman R, Altaany Z, Al-Tawfiq JA, Altirkawi KA, Alvis-Guzman N, Al-Worafi YM, Aly H, Aly S, Alzoubi KH, Amani R, Amindarolzarbi A, Amiri S, Amirzade-Iranaq MH, Amu H, Amugsi DA, Amusa GA, Amzat J, Ancuceanu R, Anderlini D, Anderson DB, Andrei CL, Androudi S, Angappan D, Angesom TW, Anil A, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Anwer R, Arafat M, Aravkin AY, Areda D, Ariffin H, Arifin H, Arkew M, Ärnlöv J, Arooj M, Artamonov AA, Artanti KD, Aruleba RT, Asadi-Pooya AA, Asena TF, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Ashraf M, Ashraf T, Atalell KA, Athari SS, Atinafu BTT, Atorkey P, Atout MMW, Atreya A, Aujayeb A, Avan A, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayatollahi H, Ayinde OO, Ayyoubzadeh SM, Azadnajafabad S, Azizi Z, Azizian K, Azzam AY, Babaei M, Badar M, Badiye AD, Baghdadi S, Bagherieh S, Bai R, Baig AA, Balakrishnan 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P, Golinelli D, Gomes-Neto M, Goulart AC, Goyal A, Gray RJ, Grivna M, Guadie HA, Guan B, Guarducci G, Guicciardi S, Gunawardane DA, Guo H, Gupta B, Gupta R, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gutiérrez RA, Habibzadeh F, Hachinski V, Haddadi R, Hadei M, Hadi NR, Haep N, Haile TG, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hall BJ, Halwani R, Hameed S, Hamiduzzaman M, Hammoud A, Han H, Hanifi N, Hankey GJ, Hannan MA, Hao J, Harapan H, Hareru HE, Hargono A, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Hartman NN, Hasaballah AI, Hasan F, Hasani H, Hasanian M, Hassan A, Hassan S, Hassanipour S, Hassankhani H, Hassen MB, Haubold J, Hay SI, Hayat K, Hegazy MI, Heidari G, Heidari M, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Hesami H, Hezam K, Hiraike Y, Hoffman HJ, Holla R, Hopf KP, Horita N, Hossain MM, Hossain MB, Hossain S, Hosseinzadeh H, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc S, Hu C, Huang J, Huda MN, Hussain J, Hussein NR, Huynh HH, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Ilaghi M, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Immurana M, Iravanpour F, Islam SMS, Ismail F, Iso H, Isola G, Iwagami M, Iwu CCD, Iyer M, Jaan A, Jacob L, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Jafari M, Jafarinia M, Jafarzadeh A, Jahankhani K, Jahanmehr N, Jahrami H, Jaiswal A, Jakovljevic M, Jamora RDG, Jana S, Javadi N, Javed S, Javeed S, Jayapal SK, Jayaram S, Jiang H, Johnson CO, Johnson WD, Jokar M, Jonas JB, Joseph A, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kabito GG, Kadashetti V, Kafi F, Kalani R, Kalantar F, Kaliyadan F, Kamath A, Kamath S, Kanchan T, Kandel A, Kandel H, Kanmodi KK, Karajizadeh M, Karami J, Karanth SD, Karaye IM, Karch A, Karimi A, Karimi H, Karimi Behnagh A, Kasraei H, Kassebaum NJ, Kauppila JH, Kaur H, Kaur N, Kayode GA, Kazemi F, Keikavoosi-Arani L, Keller C, Keykhaei M, Khadembashiri MA, Khader YS, Khafaie MA, Khajuria H, Khalaji A, Khamesipour F, Khammarnia M, Khan M, Khan MAB, Khan YH, Khan Suheb MZ, Khanmohammadi S, Khanna T, Khatab K, Khatatbeh H, Khatatbeh MM, Khateri S, Khatib MN, Khayat Kashani HR, Khonji MS, khorashadizadeh F, Khormali M, Khubchandani J, Kian S, Kim G, Kim J, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kivimäki M, Kochhar S, Kolahi AA, Koly KN, Kompani F, Koroshetz WJ, Kosen S, Kourosh Arami M, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko MA, Krishan K, Krishnamoorthy V, Kuate Defo B, Kuddus MA, Kumar A, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kumar N, Kumsa NB, Kundu S, Kurniasari MD, Kusuma D, Kuttikkattu A, Kyu HH, La Vecchia C, Ladan MA, Lahariya C, Laksono T, Lal DK, Lallukka T, Lám J, Lami FH, Landires I, Langguth B, Lasrado S, Latief K, Latifinaibin K, Lau KMM, Laurens MB, Lawal BK, Le LKD, Le TTT, Ledda C, Lee M, Lee SW, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lee YH, Leonardi M, Lerango TL, Li MC, Li W, Ligade VS, Lim SS, Linehan C, Liu C, Liu J, Liu W, Lo CH, Lo WD, Lobo SW, Logroscino G, Lopes G, Lopukhov PD, Lorenzovici L, Lorkowski S, Loureiro JA, Lubinda J, Lucchetti G, Lutzky Saute R, Ma ZF, Mabrok M, Machoy M, Madadizadeh F, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Maghazachi AA, Maghbouli N, Mahjoub S, Mahmoudi M, Majeed A, Malagón-Rojas JN, Malakan Rad E, Malhotra K, Malik AA, Malik I, Mallhi TH, Malta DC, 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Ramazanu S, Rancic N, Rao IR, Rao SJ, Rapaka D, Rashedi V, Rashid AM, Rashidi MM, Rashidi Alavijeh M, Rasouli-Saravani A, Rawaf S, Razo C, Redwan EMM, Rekabi Bana A, Remuzzi G, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaeian M, Rhee TG, Riad A, Robinson SR, Rodrigues M, Rodriguez JAB, Roever L, Rogowski ELB, Romoli M, Ronfani L, Roy P, Roy Pramanik K, Rubagotti E, Ruiz MA, Russ TC, S Sunnerhagen K, Saad AMA, Saadatian Z, Saber K, SaberiKamarposhti M, Sacco S, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Sadeghian S, Saeed U, Saeed U, Safdarian M, Safi SZ, Sagar R, Sagoe D, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Sahebkar A, Sahoo SS, Sahraian MA, Sajedi SA, Sakshaug JW, Saleh MA, Salehi Omran H, Salem MR, Salimi S, Samadi Kafil H, Samadzadeh S, Samargandy S, Samodra YL, Samuel VP, Samy AM, Sanadgol N, Sanjeev RK, Sanmarchi F, Santomauro DF, Santri IN, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saravanan A, Sarveazad A, Satpathy M, Saylan M, Sayyah M, Scarmeas N, Schlaich MP, Schuermans A, Schwarzinger M, Schwebel DC, Selvaraj S, Sendekie AK, Sengupta P, Senthilkumaran S, Serban D, Sergindo MT, Sethi Y, SeyedAlinaghi S, Seylani A, Shabani M, Shabany M, Shafie M, Shahabi S, Shahbandi A, Shahid S, Shahraki-Sanavi F, Shahsavari HR, Shahwan MJ, Shaikh MA, Shaji KS, Sham S, Shama ATT, Shamim MA, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamsi MA, Shanawaz M, Sharath M, Sharfaei S, Sharifan A, Sharma M, Sharma R, Shashamo BB, Shayan M, Sheikhi RA, Shekhar S, Shen J, Shenoy SM, Shetty PH, Shiferaw DS, Shigematsu M, Shiri R, Shittu A, Shivakumar KM, Shokri F, Shool S, Shorofi SA, Shrestha S, Siankam Tankwanchi AB, Siddig EE, Sigfusdottir ID, Silva JP, Silva LMLR, Sinaei E, Singh BB, Singh G, Singh P, Singh S, Sirota SB, Sivakumar S, Sohag AAM, Solanki R, Soleimani H, Solikhah S, Solomon Y, Solomon Y, Song S, Song Y, Sotoudeh H, Spartalis M, Stark BA, Starnes JR, Starodubova AV, Stein DJ, Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ, Suleman M, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sultana A, Sun J, Sunkersing D, Sunny A, Susianti H, Swain CK, Szeto MD, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabatabaei SM, Tabatabai S, Tabish M, Taheri M, Tahvildari A, Tajbakhsh A, Tampa M, Tamuzi JJLL, Tan KK, Tang H, Tareke M, Tarigan IU, Tat NY, Tat VY, Tavakoli Oliaee R, Tavangar SM, Tavasol A, Tefera YM, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temesgen WA, Temsah MH, Teramoto M, Tesfaye AH, Tesfaye EG, Tesler R, Thakali O, Thangaraju P, Thapa R, Thapar R, Thomas NK, Thrift AG, Ticoalu JHV, Tillawi T, Toghroli R, Tonelli M, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran NM, Tran NH, Tran PV, Tromans SJ, Truelsen TC, Truyen TTTT, Tsatsakis A, Tsegay GM, Tsermpini EE, Tualeka AR, Tufa DG, Ubah CS, Udoakang AJ, Ulhaq I, Umair M, Umakanthan S, Umapathi KK, Unim B, Unnikrishnan B, Vaithinathan AG, Vakilian A, Valadan Tahbaz S, Valizadeh R, Van den Eynde J, Vart P, Varthya SB, Vasankari TJ, Vaziri S, Vellingiri B, Venketasubramanian N, Verras GI, Vervoort D, Villafañe JH, Villani L, Vinueza Veloz AF, Viskadourou M, Vladimirov SK, Vlassov V, Volovat SR, Vu LT, Vujcic IS, Wagaye B, Waheed Y, Wahood W, Walde MT, Wang F, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang YP, Waqas M, Waris A, Weerakoon KG, Weintraub RG, Weldemariam AH, Westerman R, Whisnant JL, Wickramasinghe DP, Wickramasinghe ND, Willekens B, Wilner LB, Winkler AS, Wolfe CDA, Wu AM, Wulf Hanson S, Xu S, Xu X, Yadollahpour A, Yaghoubi S, Yahya G, Yamagishi K, Yang L, Yano Y, Yao Y, Yehualashet SS, Yeshaneh A, Yesiltepe M, Yi S, Yiğit A, Yiğit V, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, You Y, Younis MZ, Yu C, Yusuf H, Zadey S, Zahedi M, Zakham F, Zaki N, Zali A, Zamagni G, Zand R, Zandieh GGZ, Zangiabadian M, Zarghami A, Zastrozhin MS, Zeariya MGM, Zegeye ZB, Zeukeng F, Zhai C, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Zheng P, Zhou H, Zhu B, Zhumagaliuly A, Zielińska M, Zikarg YT, Zoladl M, Murray CJL, Ong KL, Feigin VL, Vos T, Dua T. Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Neurol 2024; 23:344-381. [PMID: 38493795 PMCID: PMC10949203 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, or a subset of cases of congenital, neonatal, and infectious conditions that cause neurological damage. Here, we estimate nervous system health loss caused by 37 unique conditions and their associated risk factors globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021. METHODS We estimated mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), by age and sex in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2021. We included morbidity and deaths due to neurological conditions, for which health loss is directly due to damage to the CNS or peripheral nervous system. We also isolated neurological health loss from conditions for which nervous system morbidity is a consequence, but not the primary feature, including a subset of congenital conditions (ie, chromosomal anomalies and congenital birth defects), neonatal conditions (ie, jaundice, preterm birth, and sepsis), infectious diseases (ie, COVID-19, cystic echinococcosis, malaria, syphilis, and Zika virus disease), and diabetic neuropathy. By conducting a sequela-level analysis of the health outcomes for these conditions, only cases where nervous system damage occurred were included, and YLDs were recalculated to isolate the non-fatal burden directly attributable to nervous system health loss. A comorbidity correction was used to calculate total prevalence of all conditions that affect the nervous system combined. FINDINGS Globally, the 37 conditions affecting the nervous system were collectively ranked as the leading group cause of DALYs in 2021 (443 million, 95% UI 378-521), affecting 3·40 billion (3·20-3·62) individuals (43·1%, 40·5-45·9 of the global population); global DALY counts attributed to these conditions increased by 18·2% (8·7-26·7) between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardised rates of deaths per 100 000 people attributed to these conditions decreased from 1990 to 2021 by 33·6% (27·6-38·8), and age-standardised rates of DALYs attributed to these conditions decreased by 27·0% (21·5-32·4). Age-standardised prevalence was almost stable, with a change of 1·5% (0·7-2·4). The ten conditions with the highest age-standardised DALYs in 2021 were stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, neurological complications due to preterm birth, autism spectrum disorder, and nervous system cancer. INTERPRETATION As the leading cause of overall disease burden in the world, with increasing global DALY counts, effective prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies for disorders affecting the nervous system are needed. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Rondanelli M, Minisola S, Barale M, Barbaro D, Mansueto F, Battaglia S, Bonaccorsi G, Caliri S, Cavioni A, Colangelo L, Corbetta S, Coretti F, Dito G, Gavioli V, Ghigo E, Giannattasio R, Lapi P, Maiorana B, Marra C, Mazzantini M, Morini E, Nannipieri F, Nuzzo V, Parri F, Perna S, Santori R, Procopio M. Evaluating adherence, tolerability and safety of oral calcium citrate in elderly osteopenic subjects: a real-life non-interventional, prospective, multicenter study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:38. [PMID: 38345765 PMCID: PMC10861607 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common concern in the elderly that leads to fragile bones. Calcium supplementation plays a crucial role in improving bone health, reducing fracture risk, and supporting overall skeletal strength in this vulnerable population. However, there is conflicting evidence on the safety of calcium supplements in elderly individuals. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the adherence, safety and tolerability of calcium citrate supplementation in elderly osteopenic subjects. METHODS In this non-interventional, prospective, multicenter study, subjects received daily 500 mg calcium citrate supplementation for up to one year. Adherence was calculated based on compliance and persistence. Safety was assessed through adverse reactions (ARs), deaths, and clinical laboratory evaluations. RESULTS A total of 268 Caucasian subjects (91.4% female, mean age 70 ± 4.5 years) participated in the study. Mean adherence to treatment was 76.6 ± 29.5% and half of subjects had an adherence of 91% and ~ 33% of participants achieved complete (100%) adherence. ARs were reported by nine (3.9%) subjects, primarily gastrointestinal disorders, with no serious ARs. The frequency of all adverse events (including ARs) was significantly higher in subjects with adherence of < 80% (41.6%; 32/77) vs. those with adherence ≥ 80% (11%; 16/145, p < 0.0001). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased from baseline to follow-up visit (change of -2.8 ± 13.9 mmHg, p = 0.0102 and -2.1 ± 10.4 mmHg, p = 0.0116, respectively). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated favorable adherence to calcium citrate supplementation in elderly osteopenic subjects. The occurrence of ARs, though generally mild, were associated with lower adherence to calcium supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini, 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Minisola
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Barale
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Barbaro
- Sezione Dipartimentale Aziendale di Endocrinologia Ospedale di Livorno, Livorno, Italy
| | - Francesca Mansueto
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini, 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Gloria Bonaccorsi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Menopause and Osteoporosis Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Santina Caliri
- IRCCS, Servizio di Endocrinologia, Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini, 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luciano Colangelo
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Corbetta
- Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes Unit, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Coretti
- UOSD Malattie Endocrine, del Ricambio e della Nutrizione Ospedale del Mare ASL Napoli1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgia Dito
- Endocrinoly and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Gavioli
- Department of Translational Medicine, Menopause and Osteoporosis Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ezio Ghigo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Paola Lapi
- Sezione Dipartimentale Aziendale di Endocrinologia Ospedale di Livorno, Livorno, Italy
| | - Blas Maiorana
- Policlinico di Foggia, Reparto di Ortopedia E Traumatologia Universitaria, Foggia, Italy
| | - Costanza Marra
- Ospedale San Gennaro, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Morini
- IRCCS, Servizio di Endocrinologia, Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Nuzzo
- UOSD Malattie Endocrine, del Ricambio e della Nutrizione Ospedale del Mare ASL Napoli1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Parri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Menopause and Osteoporosis Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rachele Santori
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Procopio
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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8
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Haxhari F, Savorani F, Rondanelli M, Cantaluppi E, Campanini L, Magnani E, Simonelli C, Gavoci G, Chiadò A, Sozzi M, Cavallini N, Chiodoni A, Gasparri C, Barrile GC, Cavioni A, Mansueto F, Mazzola G, Moroni A, Patelli Z, Pirola M, Tartara A, Guido D, Perna S, Magnaghi R. Endosperm structure and Glycemic Index of Japonica Italian rice varieties. Front Plant Sci 2024; 14:1303771. [PMID: 38250450 PMCID: PMC10796725 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1303771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Given that rice serves as a crucial staple food for a significant portion of the global population and with the increasing number of individuals being diagnosed with diabetes, a primary objective in genetic improvement is to identify and cultivate low Glycemic Index (GI) varieties. This must be done while ensuring the preservation of grain quality. Methods 25 Italian rice genotypes were characterized calculating their GI "in vivo" and, together with other 29 Italian and non-Italian genotypes they were studied to evaluate the grain inner structure through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) technique. Using an ad-hoc developed algorithm, morphological features were extracted from the FESEM images, to be then inspected by means of multivariate data analysis methods. Results and Discussion Large variability was observed in GI values (49 to 92 with respect to glucose), as well as in endosperm morphological features. According to the percentage of porosity is possible to distinguish approximately among rice varieties having a crystalline grain (< 1.7%), those intended for the preparation of risotto (> 5%), and a third group having intermediate characteristics. Waxy rice varieties were not united by a certain porosity level, but they shared a low starch granules eccentricity. With reference to morphological features, rice varieties with low GI (<55) seem to be characterized by large starch granules and low porosity values. Our data testify the wide variability of Italian rice cultivation giving interesting information for future breeding programs, finding that the structure of the endosperm can be regarded as a specific characteristic of each variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Haxhari
- Centro Ricerche sul Riso, Ente Nazionale Risi, Castello D’Agogna, Italy
| | - Francesco Savorani
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Cantaluppi
- Centro Ricerche sul Riso, Ente Nazionale Risi, Castello D’Agogna, Italy
| | - Luigi Campanini
- Centro Ricerche sul Riso, Ente Nazionale Risi, Castello D’Agogna, Italy
| | - Edoardo Magnani
- Centro Ricerche sul Riso, Ente Nazionale Risi, Castello D’Agogna, Italy
| | - Cinzia Simonelli
- Centro Ricerche sul Riso, Ente Nazionale Risi, Castello D’Agogna, Italy
| | - Gentian Gavoci
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Chiadò
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Mattia Sozzi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Nicola Cavallini
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Angelica Chiodoni
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies @Polito, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Torino, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Mansueto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzola
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessia Moroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Pirola
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Tartara
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Guido
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain
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9
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Alogna A, Berboth L, Faragli A, Ötvös J, Lo Muzio FP, di Mauro V, Modica J, Quarta E, Semmler L, Deißler PM, Berger YW, Tran KL, de Marchi B, Longinotti-Buitoni G, Degli Esposti L, Guillot E, Bazile D, Iafisco M, Dotti A, Bang ML, de Luca C, Brandenberger C, Benazzi L, di Silvestre D, de Palma A, Primeßnig U, Hohendanner F, Perna S, Buttini F, Colombo P, Mühlfeld C, Steendijk P, Mauri P, Tschöpe C, Borlaug B, Pieske BM, Attanasio P, Post H, Heinzel FR, Catalucci D. Lung-to-Heart Nano-in-Micro Peptide Promotes Cardiac Recovery in a Pig Model of Chronic Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:47-59. [PMID: 38171710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of disease-modifying drugs is one of the major unmet needs in patients with heart failure (HF). Peptides are highly selective molecules with the potential to act directly on cardiomyocytes. However, a strategy for effective delivery of therapeutics to the heart is lacking. OBJECTIVES In this study, the authors sought to assess tolerability and efficacy of an inhalable lung-to-heart nano-in-micro technology (LungToHeartNIM) for cardiac-specific targeting of a mimetic peptide (MP), a first-in-class for modulating impaired L-type calcium channel (LTCC) trafficking, in a clinically relevant porcine model of HF. METHODS Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) was induced in Göttingen minipigs by means of tachypacing over 6 weeks. In a setting of overt HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] 30% ± 8%), animals were randomized and treatment was started after 4 weeks of tachypacing. HFrEF animals inhaled either a dry powder composed of mannitol-based microparticles embedding biocompatible MP-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles (dpCaP-MP) or the LungToHeartNIM only (dpCaP without MP). Efficacy was evaluated with the use of echocardiography, invasive hemodynamics, and biomarker assessment. RESULTS DpCaP-MP inhalation restored systolic function, as shown by an absolute LVEF increase over the treatment period of 17% ± 6%, while reversing cardiac remodeling and reducing pulmonary congestion. The effect was recapitulated ex vivo in cardiac myofibrils from treated HF animals. The treatment was well tolerated, and no adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS The overall tolerability of LungToHeartNIM along with the beneficial effects of the LTCC modulator point toward a game-changing treatment for HFrEF patients, also demonstrating the effective delivery of a therapeutic peptide to the diseased heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Alogna
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Leonhard Berboth
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alessandro Faragli
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Ötvös
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesco Paolo Lo Muzio
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vittoria di Mauro
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Milan Unit, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Cardio Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Jessica Modica
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Milan Unit, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Cardio Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Eride Quarta
- Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; PlumeStars, Parma, Italy
| | - Lukas Semmler
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Maximilian Deißler
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yannic Wanja Berger
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Khai Liem Tran
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Degli Esposti
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Iafisco
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | | | - Marie-Louise Bang
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Milan Unit, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Cardio Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | | | - Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Functional Anatomy, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Louise Benazzi
- Proteomics and Metabolomic Lab, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (Milan), Italy
| | - Dario di Silvestre
- Proteomics and Metabolomic Lab, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (Milan), Italy
| | - Antonella de Palma
- Proteomics and Metabolomic Lab, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (Milan), Italy
| | - Uwe Primeßnig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Hohendanner
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sakhir Campus, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain
| | | | - Paolo Colombo
- Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; PlumeStars, Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Paul Steendijk
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Proteomics and Metabolomic Lab, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (Milan), Italy
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barry Borlaug
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Burkert M Pieske
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Attanasio
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiner Post
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank R Heinzel
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniele Catalucci
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Milan Unit, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Cardio Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy. https://twitter.com/CNRsocial_
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Perna S, Rafique A, Rondanelli M, Allehdan S, Riso P, Marino M. Effect of caper fruit (Capparis spinosa L.) consumption on liver enzymes, lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, and weight loss. A systematic review and a preliminary meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115638. [PMID: 37806093 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall effect of caper fruit on the modulation of glycemic, lipid profile, liver enzymes, and body mass. Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were explored to collect relevant studies in the last 10 years. RCTs with caper fruit supplementation or consumption in different cohorts of subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), Type-2-Diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome, and hyperlipidemia were included in this systematic review with a mean intervention duration from 2 to 12 weeks. The outcomes measured in this meta-analysis were liver enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), the lipid profile represented by triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC) with LDL and HDL and also, weight, and fasting blood glucose. Five randomized controlled trials, which involved a total of 178 adults, were included. According to the results, caper fruit seems to decrease liver enzymes ALT -12.29 U/L [-24.47, -0.11], AST -2.20 U/L [-4.70, 0.31]. Furthermore, the lipid profile seems to improve with a decrease in triglycerides. -11.89 mg/dL [-33.73, 9.95], LDL -4.80 mg/dL [-16.34, 6.74], HDL 0.72 mg/dL [0.10, 1.34], total cholesterol -7.83 mg/dL [-20.04, 4.38], FPG -17.93 [-42.66, 6.79], weight -1.00 kg [-1.44, -0.56]. Significant modulations were found only for ALT, HDL, and weight. In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis showed the paucity of data available on the topic while showing the potential role of caper fruit as a promising food for improving the liver-lipid profile axis in patients with metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Further studies are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Ayesha Rafique
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain.
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Sabika Allehdan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain.
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Rondanelli M, Barrile GC, Cavioni A, Donati P, Genovese E, Mansueto F, Mazzola G, Patelli Z, Pirola M, Razza C, Russano S, Sivieri C, Tartara A, Valentini EM, Perna S. A Narrative Review on Strategies for the Reversion of Prediabetes to Normoglycemia: Food Pyramid, Physical Activity, and Self-Monitoring Innovative Glucose Devices. Nutrients 2023; 15:4943. [PMID: 38068801 PMCID: PMC10707766 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2019, "Nutrition Therapy for Adults with Diabetes or Prediabetes: A Consensus Report" was published. This consensus report, however, did not provide an easy way to illustrate to subjects with prediabetes (SwPs) how to follow a correct dietary approach. The purpose of this review is to evaluate current evidence on optimum dietary treatment of SwPs and to provide a food pyramid for this population. The pyramid built shows that everyday consumption should consist of: whole-grain bread or potatoes eaten with their skins (for fiber and magnesium) and low glycemic index carbohydrates (GI < 55%) (three portions); fruit and vegetables (5 portions), in particular, green leafy vegetables (for fiber, magnesium, and polyphenols); EVO oil (almost 8 g); nuts (30 g, in particular, pistachios and almonds); three portions of dairy products (milk/yogurt: 300-400 g/day); mineral water (almost 1, 5 L/day for calcium intake); one glass of wine (125 mL); and three cups of coffee. Weekly portions should include fish (four portions), white meat (two portions), protein plant-based food (four portions), eggs (egg portions), and red/processed meats (once/week). At the top of the pyramid, there are two pennants: a green one means that SwPs need some personalized supplementation (if daily requirements cannot be satisfied through diet, vitamin D, omega-3, and vitamin B supplements), and a red one means there are some foods and factors that are banned (simple sugar, refined carbohydrates, and a sedentary lifestyle). Three to four times a week of aerobic and resistance exercises must be performed for 30-40 min. Finally, self-monitoring innovative salivary glucose devices could contribute to the reversion of prediabetes to normoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Paolo Donati
- AICUBE srl, 20090 Trezzano sul Naviglio, Italy; (P.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Elisa Genovese
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Francesca Mansueto
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Mazzola
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Martina Pirola
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Claudia Razza
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Stefano Russano
- AICUBE srl, 20090 Trezzano sul Naviglio, Italy; (P.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Claudia Sivieri
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Alice Tartara
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Eugenio Marzio Valentini
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (E.G.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (A.T.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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Rondanelli M, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Gasparri C, Perna S. Two-month period of 500 mg lecithin-based delivery form of quercetin daily dietary supplementation counterbalances chronic fatigue symptoms: A double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115453. [PMID: 37716119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic fatigue (CF) is a complex phenomenon without clear etiology that may require long-term treatment, but to date, no specific therapy has been identified for it. Some botanicals might be helpful in the management of CF. Among these botanicals, quercetin demonstrates its capacity to modulate multiple biological pathways and acknowledged major properties in CF: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, improving exercise endurance, enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, repairing mitochondrial dysfunction. PURPOSE Given this background, the aim of this study was to evaluate if a 2-month period of daily Quercetin Phytosome™ 500 mg supplementation is of benefit for the relief of CF. METHODS The primary end point has been the evaluation of fatigue, by Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS-40). The secondary end points have been the assessment of sleep, by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), evaluation of muscle performance, by short physical performance battery and by wearable armband-shaped sensor in order to evaluate the number of steps, body composition, by DXA and quality of life by Short-Form 12-Item Health Survey (SF-12). RESULTS Seventy-eight subjects (42 F; 36 M) (mean age 56 ± 9) reporting CF symptoms, completed the study (placebo/supplement 38/40). The FIS-40 mean difference changes between groups (supplement minus placebo) was - 10.583 points (CI95% -11.985; -9.182) (p < 0.001). Also, statistically significant changes between groups have been recorded in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - 2.040 points (CI95%: -2.770; -1.309), p < 0.01), number of steps 1443.152 (CI95%: 1199.556; 1686.749), and SPPB (score) 0.248 (CI95%: 0.105; 0.391) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The quercetin supplementation counterbalances CF symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Simone Perna
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Moroni A, Perna S, Azzolino D, Gasparri C, Zupo R, Micheletti Cremasco M, Rondanelli M. Discovering the Individualized Factors Associated with Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity Phenotypes-A Machine Learning Approach. Nutrients 2023; 15:4536. [PMID: 37960189 PMCID: PMC10650113 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature shows how sarcopenia often occurs along with different phenotypes based either on the concomitant presence of adipose tissue excess (i.e., sarcopenic obesity, SO), or osteopenia/osteoporosis (osteosarcopenia, OS), or the combination of the two conditions, so-called osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO). This research aimed to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia phenotypes (SO, OS, OSO), their associated risk factors and their health impact in a population of out- and inpatients living in the North of Italy. Male and female subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled for the study. A blood sample was collected to measure targeted blood makers. A comprehensive anthropometric clinical assessment (height, weight, Body Mass Index, BMI and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, DXA) was performed to measure ponderal, bone, fat, and muscle status. A total of 1510 individuals participated to the study (females, n = 1100; 72.85%). Sarcopenia was the most prevalent phenotype (17%), followed by osteosarcopenia (14.7%) and sarcopenic obesity. Only 1.9% of the sample was affected by OSO. According to logistic regression analysis, sarcopenia was associated with age, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) (positively) and BMI, Iron (Fe), Total Cholesterol, albumin (%), albumin (g), and gamma proteins (negatively). Sarcopenic obesity was associated with age, ferritin, ESR, CRP (positively) and BMI, Fe, and albumin (%) (negatively). Osteosarcopenia was associated with age, ESR (positively) and BMI, Total Cholesterol, albumin (%), albumin (g), and Ca (negatively). Osteosarcopenic obesity was associated with glycemia and gamma-glutamyl transferase (gGT) (positively). According to random forest analysis, a higher BMI was the most important protective factor for sarcopenia, for sarcopenic obesity (along with Iron) and for osteosarcopenia (along with albumin). Moreover, osteosarcopenic obesity was positively associated with GgT and glycaemia. The possibility of gaining such information, especially in the younger population, could help to prevent the onset of such diseases and best fit the patient's needs, according to a precision-medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Moroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Azzolino
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy;
| | | | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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Wu D, Jin Y, Xing Y, Abate MD, Abbasian M, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbasi-Kangevari Z, Abd-Allah F, Abdelmasseh M, Abdollahifar MA, Abdulah DM, Abedi A, Abedi V, Abidi H, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Abuabara K, Abyadeh M, Addo IY, Adeniji KN, Adepoju AV, Adesina MA, Sakilah Adnani QE, Afarideh M, Aghamiri S, Agodi A, Agrawal A, Aguilera Arriagada CE, Ahmad A, Ahmad D, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ahmadi A, Ahmed A, Ahmed A, Aithala JP, Ajadi AA, Ajami M, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M, Alahdab F, AlBataineh MT, Alemi S, Saeed Al-Gheethi AA, Ali L, Alif SM, Almazan JU, Almustanyir S, Alqahtani JS, Alqasmi I, Khan Altaf IU, Alvis-Guzman N, Alvis-Zakzuk NJ, Al-Worafi YM, Aly H, Amani R, Amu H, Amusa GA, Andrei CL, Ansar A, Ansariniya H, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Arefnezhad R, Arulappan J, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Atata JA, Athari SS, Atlaw D, Wahbi Atout MM, Aujayeb A, Awan AT, Ayatollahi H, Azadnajafabad S, Azzam AY, Badawi A, Badiye AD, Bagherieh S, Baig AA, Bantie BB, Barchitta M, Bardhan M, Barker-Collo SL, Barone-Adesi F, Batra K, Bayileyegn NS, Behnoush AH, Belgaumi UI, Bemanalizadeh M, Bensenor IM, Beyene KA, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhat AN, Bitaraf S, Bitra VR, Boloor A, Bora K, Botelho JS, Buchbinder R, Calina D, Cámera LA, Carvalho AF, Kai Chan JS, Chattu VK, Abebe EC, Chichagi F, Choi S, Chou TC, Chu DT, Coberly K, Costa VM, Couto RA, Cruz-Martins N, Dadras O, Dai X, Damiani G, Dascalu AM, Dashti M, Debela SA, Dellavalle RP, Demetriades AK, Demlash AA, Deng X, Desai HD, Desai R, Rahman Dewan SM, Dey S, Dharmaratne SD, Diaz D, Dibas M, Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Diress M, Do TC, Doan DK, Dodangeh M, Dodangeh M, Dongarwar D, Dube J, Dziedzic AM, Ed-Dra A, Edinur HA, Eissazade N, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, Elemam NM, Elhadi M, Elmehrath AO, Abdou Elmeligy OA, Emamverdi M, Emeto TI, Esayas HL, Eshetu HB, Etaee F, Fagbamigbe AF, Faghani S, Fakhradiyev IR, Fatehizadeh A, Fathi M, Feizkhah A, Fekadu G, Fereidouni M, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fernandes JC, Ferrara P, Fetensa G, Filip I, Fischer F, Foroutan B, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Ganesan B, Belete Gemeda BN, Ghamari SH, Ghasemi M, Gholamalizadeh M, Gill TK, Gillum RF, Goldust M, Golechha M, Goleij P, Golinelli D, Goudarzi H, Guan SY, Guo Y, Gupta B, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Haddadi R, Hadi NR, Halwani R, Haque S, Hasan I, Hashempour R, Hassan A, Hassan TS, Hassanzadeh S, Hassen MB, Haubold J, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari M, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Herteliu C, Hessami K, Hezam K, Hiraike Y, Holla R, Hosseini MS, Huynh HH, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Iranmehr A, Iravanpour F, Ismail NE, Iwagami M, Iwu CC, Jacob L, Jafarinia M, Jafarzadeh A, Jahankhani K, Jahrami H, Jakovljevic M, Jamshidi E, Jani CT, Janodia MD, Jayapal SK, Jayaram S, Jeganathan J, Jonas JB, Joseph A, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Vaishali K, Kaambwa B, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kadashetti V, Kaliyadan F, Kalroozi F, Kamal VK, Kandel A, Kandel H, Kanungo S, Karami J, Karaye IM, Karimi H, Kasraei H, Kazemian S, Kebede SA, Keikavoosi-Arani L, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khamesipour F, Khan EA, Khan IA, Khan M, Khan MJ, Khan MA, Khan MA, Khatatbeh H, Khatatbeh MM, Khateri S, Khayat Kashani HR, Kim MS, Kisa A, Kisa S, Koh HY, Kolkhir P, Korzh O, Kotnis AL, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Kuddus M, Kulkarni VV, Kumar N, Kundu S, Kurmi OP, La Vecchia C, Lahariya C, Laksono T, Lám J, Latief K, Lauriola P, Lawal BK, Thu Le TT, Bich Le TT, Lee M, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lee YH, Lenzi J, Levi M, Li W, Ligade VS, Lim SS, Liu G, Liu X, Llanaj E, Lo CH, Machado VS, Maghazachi AA, Mahmoud MA, Mai TA, Majeed A, Sanaye PM, Makram OM, Rad EM, Malhotra K, Malik AA, Malik I, Mallhi TH, Malta DC, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Martorell M, Masoudi S, Masoumi SZ, Mathangasinghe Y, Mathews E, Mathioudakis AG, Maugeri A, Mayeli M, Carabeo Medina JR, Meles GG, Mendes JJ, Menezes RG, Mestrovic T, Michalek IM, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá AC, Mihretie ET, Nhat Minh LH, Mirfakhraie R, Mirrakhimov EM, Misganaw A, Mohamadkhani A, Mohamed NS, Mohammadi F, Mohammadi S, Mohammed S, Mohammed S, Mohan S, Mohseni A, Mokdad AH, Momtazmanesh S, Monasta L, Moni MA, Moniruzzaman M, Moradi Y, Morovatdar N, Mostafavi E, Mousavi P, Mukoro GD, Mulita A, Mulu GB, Murillo-Zamora E, Musaigwa F, Mustafa G, Muthu S, Nainu F, Nangia V, Swamy SN, Natto ZS, Navaraj P, Nayak BP, Nazri-Panjaki A, Negash H, Nematollahi MH, Nguyen DH, Hien Nguyen HT, Nguyen HQ, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Nikolouzakis TK, Nnyanzi LA, Noreen M, Nzoputam CI, Nzoputam OJ, Oancea B, Oh IH, Okati-Aliabad H, Okonji OC, Okwute PG, Olagunju AT, Olatubi MI, Olufadewa II, Ordak M, Otstavnov N, Owolabi MO, Mahesh P, Padubidri JR, Pak A, Pakzad R, Palladino R, Pana A, Pantazopoulos I, Papadopoulou P, Pardhan S, Parthasarathi A, Pashaei A, Patel J, Pathan AR, Patil S, Paudel U, Pawar S, Pedersini P, Pensato U, Pereira DM, Pereira J, Pereira MO, Pereira RB, Peres MF, Perianayagam A, Perna S, Petcu IR, Pezeshki PS, Pham HT, Philip AK, Piradov MA, Podder I, Podder V, Poddighe D, Sady Prates EJ, Qattea I, Radfar A, Raee P, Rafiei A, Raggi A, Rahim F, Rahimi M, Rahimifard M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MO, Ur Rahman MH, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rahmani M, Rahmani S, Rahmanian V, Ramasubramani P, Rancic N, Rao IR, Rashedi S, Rashid AM, Ravikumar N, Rawaf S, Mohamed Redwan EM, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaeian M, Ribeiro D, Rodrigues M, Buendia Rodriguez JA, Roever L, Romero-Rodríguez E, Saad AM, Saddik B, Sadeghian S, Saeed U, Safary A, Safdarian M, Safi SZ, Saghazadeh A, Sagoe D, Sharif-Askari FS, Sharif-Askari NS, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Sahraian MA, Sajid MR, Sakhamuri S, Sakshaug JW, Saleh MA, Salehi L, Salehi S, Farrokhi AS, Samadzadeh S, Samargandy S, Samieefar N, Samy AM, Sanadgol N, Sanjeev RK, Sawhney M, Saya GK, Schuermans A, Senthilkumaran S, Sepanlou SG, Sethi Y, Shafie M, Shah H, Shahid I, Shahid S, Shaikh MA, Sharfaei S, Sharma M, Shayan M, Shehata HS, Sheikh A, Shetty JK, Shin JI, Shirkoohi R, Shitaye NA, Shivakumar K, Shivarov V, Shobeiri P, Siabani S, Sibhat MM, Siddig EE, Simpson CR, Sinaei E, Singh H, Singh I, Singh JA, Singh P, Singh S, Siraj MS, Al Mamun Sohag A, Solanki R, Solikhah S, Solomon Y, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Sun J, Szeto MD, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabatabaei SM, Tabish M, Taheri E, Tahvildari A, Talaat IM, Lukenze Tamuzi JJ, Tan KK, Tat NY, Oliaee RT, Tavasol A, Temsah MH, Thangaraju P, Tharwat S, Tibebu NS, Vera Ticoalu JH, Tillawi T, Tiruye TY, Tiyuri A, Tovani-Palone MR, Tripathi M, Tsegay GM, Tualeka AR, Ty SS, Ubah CS, Ullah S, Ullah S, Umair M, Umakanthan S, Upadhyay E, Vahabi SM, Vaithinathan AG, Tahbaz SV, Valizadeh R, Varthya SB, Vasankari TJ, Venketasubramanian N, Verras GI, Villafañe JH, Vlassov V, Vo DC, Waheed Y, Waris A, Welegebrial BG, Westerman R, Wickramasinghe DP, Wickramasinghe ND, Willekens B, Woldegeorgis BZ, Woldemariam M, Xiao H, Yada DY, Yahya G, Yang L, Yazdanpanah F, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, You Y, Zahir M, Zaidi SS, Zangiabadian M, Zare I, Zeineddine MA, Zemedikun DT, Zeru NG, Zhang C, Zhao H, Zhong C, Zielińska M, Zoladl M, Zumla A, Guo C, Tam LS. Global, regional, and national incidence of six major immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 64:102193. [PMID: 37731935 PMCID: PMC10507198 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. Methods We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, between 1990 and 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease study in 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in number of incidents and age standardized incidence rate (ASR) on IMIDs, by sex, age, region, and causes, were calculated to quantify the temporal trends. Findings In 2019, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease accounted 1.59%, 36.17%, 54.71%, 0.09%, 6.84%, 0.60% of overall new IMIDs cases, respectively. The ASR of IMIDs showed substantial regional and global variation with the highest in High SDI region, High-income North America, and United States of America. Throughout human lifespan, the age distribution of incident cases from six IMIDs was quite different. Globally, incident cases of IMIDs increased with an AAPC of 0.68 and the ASR decreased with an AAPC of -0.34 from 1990 to 2019. The incident cases increased across six IMIDs, the ASR of rheumatoid arthritis increased (0.21, 95% CI 0.18, 0.25), while the ASR of asthma (AAPC = -0.41), inflammatory bowel disease (AAPC = -0.72), multiple sclerosis (AAPC = -0.26), psoriasis (AAPC = -0.77), and atopic dermatitis (AAPC = -0.15) decreased. The ASR of overall and six individual IMID increased with SDI at regional and global level. Countries with higher ASR in 1990 experienced a more rapid decrease in ASR. Interpretation The incidence patterns of IMIDs varied considerably across the world. Innovative prevention and integrative management strategy are urgently needed to mitigate the increasing ASR of rheumatoid arthritis and upsurging new cases of other five IMIDs, respectively. Funding The Global Burden of Disease Study is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The project funded by Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (2022QN38).
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Alabdulali F, Freije A, Al-Mannai M, Alsalman J, Buabbas FA, Rondanelli M, Perna S. Influence of HIV/AIDS Infection on Immunological and Nutritional Status in Adults and Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kingdom of Bahrain. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:88. [PMID: 37736888 PMCID: PMC10514823 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8050088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: HIV infection is a global public health problem that can lead to the progression of AIDS. Nutritional status and biochemical markers can significantly contribute to the progression of AIDS in HIV/AIDS patients. The main objective of this study is to examine the association between nutritional and biochemical markers as well as BMI in HIV/AIDS patients in the kingdom of Bahrain. Methods: A retrospective cohort study, including 300 patients (248 males and 52 females) with HIV/AIDS in Bahrain, was carried out. Various biochemical markers were collected from patients' medical records, including CD4+ T cell count, albumin, Hb, HCT, MCV, WBCs, and creatinine. A semi-structured questionnaire using a standardized food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used, from which total energy and total macronutrients were calculated. Results: The mean BMI of the participants was 27.20 kg/m2, and none of the participants had a BMI lower than 18.5 kg/m2 (underweight). The majority of patients' dietary intake of macronutrients and total calorie intake were either within or above the recommended RDA levels. The results also showed that all of the mean values of the nutritional and biochemical markers (CD4+ T cell count, albumin, Hb, HCT, MCV, WBCs, and creatinine) were within the normal reference ranges. A significant positive correlation between CD4+ T cell count, Hb, HCT, and albumin at the <0.05 level was found. There was no significant correlation between CD4+ T cell count and MCV, WBCs, and creatinine. A positive significant correlation was found between BMI, CD4+ T cell count, and WBCs at the <0.01 level. Conclusion: The BMI values were significantly correlated with the biochemical markers of AIDS progression. The dietary patterns of the participants were undiversified, with a high prevalence of obesity and overweight. Malnutrition among this study population was not present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Alabdulali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Afnan Freije
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Mariam Al-Mannai
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Jameela Alsalman
- Al Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama 435, Bahrain
| | | | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università Degli, Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Rondanelli M, Perna S, Della Porta M, Lombardoni F, Patelli Z, Nichetti M, Gasparri C, Pistolesi E, Cestaro B, Cazzola R. A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study to Evaluate the Effect on the Weight of a Medical Device with Polyglucosamine L112 in a Group of Overweight and Obese Subjects. Nutrients 2023; 15:3516. [PMID: 37630707 PMCID: PMC10459239 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions and safe treatments are needed to heal these diseases. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to examine the activity of a medical device based on polyglucosamine polymers (PG) on body weight (BW) reduction, insulin resistance, and the serum levels of fat-soluble vitamins and glucosamine. METHODS A double-blind placebo-controlled interventional study comparing PG and a placebo (PL) was conducted. One hundred and fifty overweight or obese cases were treated, divided into two groups for a period of 90 days at the dosage of 3 g/day. RESULTS One hundred and nineteen cases (58 with PG and 61 with PL, respectively) concluded the treatment. PG was more effective than the PL on the reduction of BW and insulin resistance. No modification of fat-soluble vitamins (Vit A, E, D3, K1) and glucosamine levels was shown. Total cholesterol levels were significantly more reduced in the PG group compared to the PL group as it was for subjects with a BW decrease of >5%. CONCLUSIONS PG acts as a safe medical device, is not absorbed, and binds lipids in the upper gastrointestinal tract, reducing their availability, with a significant activity on the reduction of BW, insulin resistance, and cholesterol levels without the modification of fat-soluble vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Matteo Della Porta
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Federico Lombardoni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (Z.P.); (M.N.)
| | - Mara Nichetti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (Z.P.); (M.N.)
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (Z.P.); (M.N.)
| | - Elvira Pistolesi
- Postgraduate Course in Nutritional Food and Applied Nutrition, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (E.P.); (B.C.)
| | - Benvenuto Cestaro
- Postgraduate Course in Nutritional Food and Applied Nutrition, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (E.P.); (B.C.)
| | - Roberta Cazzola
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.D.P.); (F.L.); (R.C.)
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Ong KL, Stafford LK, McLaughlin SA, Boyko EJ, Vollset SE, Smith AE, Dalton BE, Duprey J, Cruz JA, Hagins H, Lindstedt PA, Aali A, Abate YH, Abate MD, Abbasian M, Abbasi-Kangevari Z, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abd ElHafeez S, Abd-Rabu R, Abdulah DM, Abdullah AYM, Abedi V, Abidi H, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Abu-Zaid A, Adane TD, Adane DE, Addo IY, Adegboye OA, Adekanmbi V, Adepoju AV, Adnani QES, Afolabi RF, Agarwal G, Aghdam ZB, Agudelo-Botero M, Aguilera Arriagada CE, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad D, Ahmad R, Ahmad S, Ahmad A, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi K, Ahmed A, Ahmed A, Ahmed LA, Ahmed SA, Ajami M, Akinyemi RO, Al Hamad H, Al Hasan SM, AL-Ahdal TMA, Alalwan TA, Al-Aly Z, AlBataineh MT, Alcalde-Rabanal JE, Alemi S, Ali H, Alinia T, Aljunid SM, Almustanyir S, Al-Raddadi RM, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare F, Ameyaw EK, Amiri S, Amusa GA, Andrei CL, Anjana RM, Ansar A, Ansari G, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Aravkin AY, Areda D, Arifin H, Arkew M, Armocida B, Ärnlöv J, Artamonov AA, Arulappan J, Aruleba RT, Arumugam A, Aryan Z, Asemu MT, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Askari E, Asmelash D, Astell-Burt T, Athar M, Athari SS, Atout MMW, Avila-Burgos L, Awaisu A, Azadnajafabad S, B DB, Babamohamadi H, Badar M, Badawi A, Badiye AD, Baghcheghi N, Bagheri N, Bagherieh S, Bah S, Bahadory S, Bai R, Baig AA, Baltatu OC, Baradaran HR, Barchitta M, Bardhan M, Barengo NC, Bärnighausen TW, Barone MTU, Barone-Adesi F, Barrow A, Bashiri H, Basiru A, Basu S, Basu S, Batiha AMM, Batra K, Bayih MT, Bayileyegn NS, Behnoush AH, Bekele AB, Belete MA, Belgaumi UI, Belo L, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Berhe K, Berhie AY, Bhaskar S, Bhat AN, Bhatti JS, Bikbov B, Bilal F, Bintoro BS, Bitaraf S, Bitra VR, Bjegovic-Mikanovic V, Bodolica V, Boloor A, Brauer M, Brazo-Sayavera J, Brenner H, Butt ZA, Calina D, Campos LA, Campos-Nonato IR, Cao Y, Cao C, Car J, Carvalho M, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Catalá-López F, Cerin E, Chadwick J, Chandrasekar EK, Chanie GS, Charan J, Chattu VK, Chauhan K, Cheema HA, Chekol Abebe E, Chen S, Cherbuin N, Chichagi F, Chidambaram SB, Cho WCS, Choudhari SG, Chowdhury R, Chowdhury EK, Chu DT, Chukwu IS, Chung SC, Coberly K, Columbus A, Contreras D, Cousin E, Criqui MH, Cruz-Martins N, Cuschieri S, Dabo B, Dadras O, Dai X, Damasceno AAM, Dandona R, Dandona L, Das S, Dascalu AM, Dash NR, Dashti M, Dávila-Cervantes CA, De la Cruz-Góngora V, Debele GR, Delpasand K, Demisse FW, Demissie GD, Deng X, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Deo SV, Dervišević E, Desai HD, Desale AT, Dessie AM, Desta F, Dewan SMR, Dey S, Dhama K, Dhimal M, Diao N, Diaz D, Dinu M, Diress M, Djalalinia S, Doan LP, Dongarwar D, dos Santos Figueiredo FW, Duncan BB, Dutta S, Dziedzic AM, Edinur HA, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, Elgendy IY, Elhadi M, El-Huneidi W, Elmeligy OAA, Elmonem MA, Endeshaw D, Esayas HL, Eshetu HB, Etaee F, Fadhil I, Fagbamigbe AF, Fahim A, Falahi S, Faris MEM, Farrokhpour H, Farzadfar F, Fatehizadeh A, Fazli G, Feng X, Ferede TY, Fischer F, Flood D, Forouhari A, Foroumadi R, Foroutan Koudehi M, Gaidhane AM, Gaihre S, Gaipov A, Galali Y, Ganesan B, Garcia-Gordillo MA, Gautam RK, Gebrehiwot M, Gebrekidan KG, Gebremeskel TG, Getacher L, Ghadirian F, Ghamari SH, Ghasemi Nour M, Ghassemi F, Golechha M, Goleij P, Golinelli D, Gopalani SV, Guadie HA, Guan SY, Gudayu TW, Guimarães RA, Guled RA, Gupta R, Gupta K, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gyawali B, Haddadi R, Hadi NR, Haile TG, Hajibeygi R, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Hamidi S, Hankey GJ, Hannan MA, Haque S, Harandi H, Harlianto NI, Hasan SMM, Hasan SS, Hasani H, Hassanipour S, Hassen MB, Haubold J, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari M, Hessami K, Hiraike Y, Holla R, Hossain S, Hossain MS, Hosseini MS, Hosseinzadeh M, Hosseinzadeh H, Huang J, Huda MN, Hussain S, Huynh HH, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Ikeda N, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Inbaraj LR, Iqbal A, Islam SMS, Islam RM, Ismail NE, Iso H, Isola G, Itumalla R, Iwagami M, Iwu CCD, Iyamu IO, Iyasu AN, Jacob L, Jafarzadeh A, Jahrami H, Jain R, Jaja C, Jamalpoor Z, Jamshidi E, Janakiraman B, Jayanna K, Jayapal SK, Jayaram S, Jayawardena R, Jebai R, Jeong W, Jin Y, Jokar M, Jonas JB, Joseph N, Joseph A, Joshua CE, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Kaambwa B, Kabir A, Kabthymer RH, Kadashetti V, Kahe F, Kalhor R, Kandel H, Karanth SD, Karaye IM, Karkhah S, Katoto PDMC, Kaur N, Kazemian S, Kebede SA, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khalaji A, Khan MAB, Khan M, Khan A, Khanal S, Khatatbeh MM, Khater AM, Khateri S, khorashadizadeh F, Khubchandani J, Kibret BG, Kim MS, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kivimäki M, Kolahi AA, Komaki S, Kompani F, Koohestani HR, Korzh O, Kostev K, Kothari N, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Krishnamoorthy Y, Kuate Defo B, Kuddus M, Kuddus MA, Kumar R, Kumar H, Kundu S, Kurniasari MD, Kuttikkattu A, La Vecchia C, Lallukka T, Larijani B, Larsson AO, Latief K, Lawal BK, Le TTT, Le TTB, Lee SWH, Lee M, Lee WC, Lee PH, Lee SW, Lee SW, Legesse SM, Lenzi J, Li Y, Li MC, Lim SS, Lim LL, Liu X, Liu C, Lo CH, Lopes G, Lorkowski S, Lozano R, Lucchetti G, Maghazachi AA, Mahasha PW, Mahjoub S, Mahmoud MA, Mahmoudi R, Mahmoudimanesh M, Mai AT, Majeed A, Majma Sanaye P, Makris KC, Malhotra K, Malik AA, Malik I, Mallhi TH, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Mansouri B, Marateb HR, Mardi P, Martini S, Martorell M, Marzo RR, Masoudi R, Masoudi S, Mathews E, Maugeri A, Mazzaglia G, Mekonnen T, Meshkat M, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Minh LHN, Mini GK, Miranda JJ, Mirfakhraie R, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Misganaw A, Misgina KH, Mishra M, Moazen B, Mohamed NS, Mohammadi E, Mohammadi M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadshahi M, Mohseni A, Mojiri-forushani H, Mokdad AH, Momtazmanesh S, Monasta L, Moniruzzaman M, Mons U, Montazeri F, Moodi Ghalibaf A, Moradi Y, Moradi M, Moradi Sarabi M, Morovatdar N, Morrison SD, Morze J, Mossialos E, Mostafavi E, Mueller UO, Mulita F, Mulita A, Murillo-Zamora E, Musa KI, Mwita JC, Nagaraju SP, Naghavi M, Nainu F, Nair TS, Najmuldeen HHR, Nangia V, Nargus S, Naser AY, Nassereldine H, Natto ZS, Nauman J, Nayak BP, Ndejjo R, Negash H, Negoi RI, Nguyen HTH, Nguyen DH, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Nguyen HQ, Niazi RK, Nigatu YT, Ningrum DNA, Nizam MA, Nnyanzi LA, Noreen M, Noubiap JJ, Nzoputam OJ, Nzoputam CI, Oancea B, Odogwu NM, Odukoya OO, Ojha VA, Okati-Aliabad H, Okekunle AP, Okonji OC, Okwute PG, Olufadewa II, Onwujekwe OE, Ordak M, Ortiz A, Osuagwu UL, Oulhaj A, Owolabi MO, Padron-Monedero A, Padubidri JR, Palladino R, Panagiotakos D, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Pandey A, Pandi-Perumal SR, Pantea Stoian AM, Pardhan S, Parekh T, Parekh U, Pasovic M, Patel J, Patel JR, Paudel U, Pepito VCF, Pereira M, Perico N, Perna S, Petcu IR, Petermann-Rocha FE, Podder V, Postma MJ, Pourali G, Pourtaheri N, Prates EJS, Qadir MMF, Qattea I, Raee P, Rafique I, Rahimi M, Rahimifard M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MO, Rahman MA, Rahman MHU, Rahman M, Rahman MM, Rahmani M, Rahmani S, Rahmanian V, Rahmawaty S, Rahnavard N, Rajbhandari B, Ram P, Ramazanu S, Rana J, Rancic N, Ranjha MMAN, Rao CR, Rapaka D, Rasali DP, Rashedi S, Rashedi V, Rashid AM, Rashidi MM, Ratan ZA, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Redwan EMM, Remuzzi G, Rengasamy KRR, Renzaho AMN, Reyes LF, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaeian M, Rezazadeh H, Riahi SM, Rias YA, Riaz M, Ribeiro D, Rodrigues M, Rodriguez JAB, Roever L, Rohloff P, Roshandel G, Roustazadeh A, Rwegerera GM, Saad AMA, Saber-Ayad MM, Sabour S, Sabzmakan L, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Saeed U, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Safi S, Safi SZ, Saghazadeh A, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Sahebkar A, Sahoo SS, Sahoo H, Saif-Ur-Rahman KM, Sajid MR, Salahi S, Salahi S, Saleh MA, Salehi MA, Salomon JA, Sanabria J, Sanjeev RK, Sanmarchi F, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sarasmita MA, Sargazi S, Sathian B, Sathish T, Sawhney M, Schlaich MP, Schmidt MI, Schuermans A, Seidu AA, Senthil Kumar N, Sepanlou SG, Sethi Y, Seylani A, Shabany M, Shafaghat T, Shafeghat M, Shafie M, Shah NS, Shahid S, Shaikh MA, Shanawaz M, Shannawaz M, Sharfaei S, Shashamo BB, Shiri R, Shittu A, Shivakumar KM, Shivalli S, Shobeiri P, Shokri F, Shuval K, Sibhat MM, Silva LMLR, Simpson CR, Singh JA, Singh P, Singh S, Siraj MS, Skryabina AA, Sohag AAM, Soleimani H, Solikhah S, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Somayaji R, Sorensen RJD, Starodubova AV, Sujata S, Suleman M, Sun J, Sundström J, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabatabaei SM, Tabatabaeizadeh SA, Tabish M, Taheri M, Taheri E, Taki E, Tamuzi JJLL, Tan KK, Tat NY, Taye BT, Temesgen WA, Temsah MH, Tesler R, Thangaraju P, Thankappan KR, Thapa R, Tharwat S, Thomas N, Ticoalu JHV, Tiyuri A, Tonelli M, Tovani-Palone MR, Trico D, Trihandini I, Tripathy JP, Tromans SJ, Tsegay GM, Tualeka AR, Tufa DG, Tyrovolas S, Ullah S, Upadhyay E, Vahabi SM, Vaithinathan AG, Valizadeh R, van Daalen KR, Vart P, Varthya SB, Vasankari TJ, Vaziri S, Verma MV, Verras GI, Vo DC, Wagaye B, Waheed Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, Wang C, Wang F, Wassie GT, Wei MYW, Weldemariam AH, Westerman R, Wickramasinghe ND, Wu Y, Wulandari RDWI, Xia J, Xiao H, Xu S, Xu X, Yada DY, Yang L, Yatsuya H, Yesiltepe M, Yi S, Yohannis HK, Yonemoto N, You Y, Zaman SB, Zamora N, Zare I, Zarea K, Zarrintan A, Zastrozhin MS, Zeru NG, Zhang ZJ, Zhong C, Zhou J, Zielińska M, Zikarg YT, Zodpey S, Zoladl M, Zou Z, Zumla A, Zuniga YMH, Magliano DJ, Murray CJL, Hay SI, Vos T. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet 2023; 402:203-234. [PMID: 37356446 PMCID: PMC10364581 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 250.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. METHODS Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined; these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims; type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative risk assessment framework to estimate the risk-attributable type 2 diabetes burden for 16 risk factors falling under risk categories including environmental and occupational factors, tobacco use, high alcohol use, high body-mass index (BMI), dietary factors, and low physical activity. Using a regression framework, we forecast type 1 and type 2 diabetes prevalence through 2050 with Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and high BMI as predictors, respectively. FINDINGS In 2021, there were 529 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 500-564) people living with diabetes worldwide, and the global age-standardised total diabetes prevalence was 6·1% (5·8-6·5). At the super-region level, the highest age-standardised rates were observed in north Africa and the Middle East (9·3% [8·7-9·9]) and, at the regional level, in Oceania (12·3% [11·5-13·0]). Nationally, Qatar had the world's highest age-specific prevalence of diabetes, at 76·1% (73·1-79·5) in individuals aged 75-79 years. Total diabetes prevalence-especially among older adults-primarily reflects type 2 diabetes, which in 2021 accounted for 96·0% (95·1-96·8) of diabetes cases and 95·4% (94·9-95·9) of diabetes DALYs worldwide. In 2021, 52·2% (25·5-71·8) of global type 2 diabetes DALYs were attributable to high BMI. The contribution of high BMI to type 2 diabetes DALYs rose by 24·3% (18·5-30·4) worldwide between 1990 and 2021. By 2050, more than 1·31 billion (1·22-1·39) people are projected to have diabetes, with expected age-standardised total diabetes prevalence rates greater than 10% in two super-regions: 16·8% (16·1-17·6) in north Africa and the Middle East and 11·3% (10·8-11·9) in Latin America and Caribbean. By 2050, 89 (43·6%) of 204 countries and territories will have an age-standardised rate greater than 10%. INTERPRETATION Diabetes remains a substantial public health issue. Type 2 diabetes, which makes up the bulk of diabetes cases, is largely preventable and, in some cases, potentially reversible if identified and managed early in the disease course. However, all evidence indicates that diabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide, primarily due to a rise in obesity caused by multiple factors. Preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes remains an ongoing challenge. It is essential to better understand disparities in risk factor profiles and diabetes burden across populations, to inform strategies to successfully control diabetes risk factors within the context of multiple and complex drivers. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Rondanelli M, Ferrario RA, Barrile GC, Guido D, Gasparri C, Ferraris C, Cavioni A, Mansueto F, Mazzola G, Patelli Z, Peroni G, Pirola M, Razza C, Tartara A, Perna S. The Glycemic Index of Indica and Japonica Subspecies Parboiled Rice Grown in Italy and the Effect on Glycemic Index of Different Parboiling Processes. J Med Food 2023. [PMID: 37262189 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice is generally considered a high-glycemic index (GI) food, but numerous studies show that parboiling reduces the GI. There are no studies on GI of Indica and Japonica subspecies parboiled rice grown in Italy. The aim of this study was (1) to evaluate GI in different varieties of parboiled rice (ribe, white and brown long B, basmati, black, red, roma, and arborio); (2) to evaluate GI of same variety of rice subjected to different rice parboiling processes (parboiled ribe and parboiled long B with two different methods: flora and conventional method); (3) to evaluate GI of two by-products of parboiled rice: white and brown rice cake. Participants were 10 healthy individuals (20-30 years old, body mass index 18.5-25 kg/m2). Proximate composition and GI were determined by using standard methods. All parboiled rice assessed is low-GI (brown long B 48.1 ± 6.4 by flora method, ribe 52.0 ± 1.8 GI by flora method, black rice 52.3 ± 7.6 by flora method, long B 52.4 ± 3.9 by flora method, long B 53.4 ± 5.1 by conventional method, ribe 54.4 ± 4.3 GI by conventional method, Roma 54.4 ± 7.9 GI by flora method, and arborio 54.4 ± 7.9 GI by flora method), except red rice that is of medium-GI (56.1 ± 7.0 GI), and both classic and brown cakes that are high-GI (respectively, 83.3 ± 8.9 GI and 102.2 ± 5.5 GI). Parboiled rice is low-GI and so is favorable for the dietary management of metabolic disorders and celiac disease. Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05333081).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Guido
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferraris
- Food Education and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Mansueto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzola
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Pirola
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Razza
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Tartara
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain
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Rondanelli M, Gasparri C, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Barrile GC, Cavioni A, Razza C, Tartara A, Perna S. Diet and ideal food pyramid to prevent or support the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and cataracts. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1168560. [PMID: 37324128 PMCID: PMC10265999 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1168560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Many eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and cataracts are preventable and treatable with lifestyle. The objective of this review is to assess the most recent research on the ideal dietary approach to prevent or support the treatment of DR, AMD, and cataracts, as well as to construct a food pyramid that makes it simple for people who are at risk of developing these pathologies to decide what to eat. The food pyramid presented here proposes what should be consumed every day: 3 portions of low glycemic index (GI) grains (for fiber and zinc content), 5 portions (each portion: ≥200 g/day) of fruits and vegetables (spinach, broccoli, zucchini cooked, green leafy vegetables, orange, kiwi, grapefruit for folic acid, vitamin C, and lutein/zeaxanthin content, at least ≥42 μg/day, are to be preferred), extra virgin olive (EVO) oil (almost 20 mg/day for vitamin E and polyphenols content), nuts or oil seeds (20-30 g/day, for zinc content, at least ≥15.8 mg/day); weekly: fish (4 portions, for omega-3 content and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 0.35-1.4 g/day), white meat (3 portions for vitamin B12 content), legumes (2 portions for vegetal proteins), eggs (2 portions for lutein/zeaxanthin content), light cheeses (2 portions for vitamin B6 content), and almost 3-4 times/week microgreen and spices (saffron and curcumin). At the top of the pyramid, there are two pennants: one green, which indicates the need for personalized supplementation (if daily requirements cannot be met through diet, omega-3, and L-methylfolate supplementation), and one red, which indicates that certain foods are prohibited (salt and sugar). Finally, 3-4 times per week, 30-40 min of aerobic and resistance exercises are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Razza
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Tartara
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain
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Ahmed B, Freije A, Omran A, Rondanelli M, Marino M, Perna S. Human Milk Fatty Acid Composition and Its Effect on Preterm Infants' Growth Velocity. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:939. [PMID: 37371171 DOI: 10.3390/children10060939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the fatty acid content in human milk and to find its relationship with the growth velocity of preterm infants. Mature milk samples from 15 mothers of preterm infants were collected from three different hospitals, followed by lipid extraction, fatty acid methylation, and finally gas chromatography analysis to determine the fatty acids composition. The average total lipid content was 3.61 ± 1.57 g/100 mL with the following classes of fatty acids: saturated fatty acids 43.54 ± 11.16%, unsaturated fatty acids 52.22 ± 10.89%, in which monounsaturated fatty acids were 36.52 ± 13.90%, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 15.70 ± 7.10%. Polyunsaturated fatty acid sub-class n-6 was 15.23 ± 8.23% and n-3 was 0.46 ± 0.18%. Oleic acid, palmitic acid, and linoleic acid were the most abundant fatty acids. The n-6/n-3 ratio was 32.83:1. EPA and DHA fatty acids were not detected. As gestational age and birth weight increase, C20:2n6 content increases. The growth velocity increases with the decrement in C16 and increment in C20:2n6. The lipid profile of preterm human milk was found to be low in some essential fatty acids, which may affect the quality of preterm infants' nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batool Ahmed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
| | - Afnan Freije
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
| | - Amina Omran
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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21
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Rondanelli M, Nichetti M, Martin V, Barrile GC, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Gasparri C, Perna S, Giacosa A. Phytoextracts for Human Health from Raw and Roasted Hazelnuts and from Hazelnut Skin and Oil: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112421. [PMID: 37299385 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this narrative review are as follows: an evaluation of the bromatological composition of hazelnuts and a comparison of the nutritional properties of raw versus roasted hazelnuts, taking into account potential differences among varieties from different production territories such as Turkey, Italy, Chile, and New Zealand; an evaluation of nutrients contained in hazelnut skin; and an evaluation of nutrients contained in hazelnut oil. This review incorporates 27 scientific articles that measured and reported the concentrations of macro- and micro-nutrients in hazelnuts. These hazelnuts were subjected to different processing methods, originated from various geographical areas, or belonged to different varieties. Our results showed that the different varieties and territories where the hazelnuts were cultivated influence their bromatological composition, and we found that different processing steps can largely influence the concentration of specific nutrients. The removal of the skin, which contains a very high concentration of compounds with antioxidant action, is particularly critical. We should give greater attention to the skin, considering it not as a waste product, but as an important part of the hazelnut due to its nutritional properties of primary relevance in the Mediterranean diet. We provide a detailed assessment of the nutritional properties of the hazelnut kernel, skin, and oil, evaluating nutrient compositions and possible modifications (increases or reductions) that occur during the roasting process or that depend on the production territory and origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mara Nichetti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Martin
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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22
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Del Bo' C, Perna S, Allehdan S, Rafique A, Saad S, AlGhareeb F, Rondanelli M, Tayyem RF, Marino M, Martini D, Riso P. Does the Mediterranean Diet Have Any Effect on Lipid Profile, Central Obesity and Liver Enzymes in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Subjects? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102250. [PMID: 37242133 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet (MD) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) subjects has been evaluated in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall effects of MD intervention in a cohort of NAFLD patients targeting specific markers such as central obesity, lipid profile, liver enzymes and fibrosis, and intrahepatic fat (IHF). Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were explored to collect relevant studies from the last 10 years. RCTs with NAFLD subjects were included in this systematic review with a mean intervention duration from 6 weeks to 1 year, and different intervention strategies, mainly including energy restriction MD (normal or low glycaemic index), low-fat MD with increased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and increased exercise expenditure. The outcomes measured in this meta-analysis were gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), waist circumference (WC), and liver fibrosis. Ten randomized controlled trials, which involved a total of 737 adults with NAFLD, were included. According to the results, the MD seems to decrease the liver stiffness (kPa) by -0.42 (CI95% -0.92, 0.09) (p = 0.10) and significantly reduce the TC by -0.46 mg/dl (CI95% -0.55, -0.38) (p = 0.001), while no significant findings were documented for liver enzymes and WC among patients with NAFLD. In conclusion, the MD might reduce indirect and direct outcomes linked with NAFLD severity, such as TC, liver fibrosis, and WC, although it is important to consider the variations across trials. Further RCTs are necessary to corroborate the findings obtained and provide further evidence on the role of the MD in the modulation of other disorders related to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sabika Allehdan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Ayesha Rafique
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Sara Saad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Fahad AlGhareeb
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Reema F Tayyem
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
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23
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Perna S, Rondanelli M. The Role of Nutrition in Osteosarcopenic Obesity: Lessons Learned during the Last 10 Years and Future Horizons. Nutrients 2023; 15:2188. [PMID: 37432347 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The term Osteosarcopenic Obesity (OSO) was introduced for the first time in 2014 by Ilic et al [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Rondanelli M, Porta F, Gasparri C, Barrile GC, Cavioni A, Mansueto F, Mazzola G, Patelli Z, Peroni G, Pirola M, Razza C, Tartara A, Perna S. A food pyramid for adult patients with phenylketonuria and a systematic review on the current evidences regarding the optimal dietary treatment of adult patients with PKU. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:732-763. [PMID: 37001196 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Early dietary treatment is mind-saving in patients with phenylketonuria. A "diet-for-life" is advocated, aimed to prevent effects of chronic exposure to hyperphenylalaninemia. While adherence to diet is significant during childhood as patients are followed-up at specialized metabolic centers, during adolescence and adulthood percentage of patients discontinuing diet and/or lost at follow-up is still high. The process of passing skills and responsibilities from pediatric team to adult team is defined "transition". The goal of transition clinics is to set up specific multidisciplinary care pathways and guarantee continuity of care and compliance of patients to care. In 2017, "The complete European guidelines on phenylketonuria" were published. These guidelines, however, do not provide an easy way to illustrate to adult patients how to follow correct dietary approach. The purpose of this review is to evaluate current evidence on optimum dietary treatment of adults with phenylketonuria and to provide food pyramid for this population. The pyramid built shows that carbohydrates should be consumed every day (3 portions), together with fruits and vegetables (5 portions), extra virgin olive oil, and calcium water (almost 1 L/day); weekly portions can include 150 g potatoes walnuts and hazelnuts (20 g). At top of pyramid, there are two pennants. The green means that, based on individual metabolic phenotype and daily phenylalanine tolerance, patients need personalized supplementation (specific phenylalanine free amino acid mixtures, vitamins and omega 3 fatty acids); the one red indicates foods that are banned from diet (aspartame and protein foods exceeding individual dietary phenylalanine tolerance).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Porta
- Department of Pediatrics, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza University Hospital, University of Torino, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Francesca Mansueto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Mazzola
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Martina Pirola
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Claudia Razza
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alice Tartara
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Simone Perna
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy.
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Rondanelli M, Gasparri C, Razza C, Ferraris C, Perna S, Ferrarotti I, Corsico AG. Practical dietary advices for subjects with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114753. [PMID: 37119738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare inherited disorder caused by the mutation of the SERPINA1 gene on chromosome 14. At pulmonary level, AAT deficiency leads to an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema, starting from the third-fourth decade of life. At hepatic level, some variants of the allelic, in particular PI*Z, cause a conformational change of the AAT molecule, which polymerizes within the hepatocytes. Excessive hepatic accumulation of these abnormal molecules can lead to liver disease in both adults and children, with clinical presentation ranging from cholestatic jaundice in the newborn to abnormal blood indices of liver function in children and adults, up to fatty liver, cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. Nutritional interventions in AATD aim to provide the necessary calories, stop protein catabolism, prevent and treat malnutrition as in the case of common COPD, and even take into account any liver disease that is a distinctive trait, compared to common COPD. Actually, there is a lack of formal research regarding the effects of specific nutritional recommendations in patients with AATD, proper eating habits may help to preserve lung and liver function. For practical dietary advice in patients with AATD and COPD, recently a food pyramid proposal has been published. It has been observed that there is a marked overlap between AATD liver disease and obesity-related liver disease, suggesting shared molecular basis and, therefore, similar nutritional strategies. In this narrative review dietary advice for all possible stages of liver disease have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Claudia Razza
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferraris
- Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
| | - Ilaria Ferrarotti
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy; Division of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Angelo Guido Corsico
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy; Division of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
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Ferraris C, Guglielmetti M, Neri LDCL, Allehdan S, Mohsin Albasara JM, Fareed Alawadhi HH, Trentani C, Perna S, Tagliabue A. A Review of Ketogenic Dietary Therapies for Epilepsy and Neurological Diseases: A Proposal to Implement an Adapted Model to Include Healthy Mediterranean Products. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091743. [PMID: 37174282 PMCID: PMC10178865 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the growing evidence of the therapeutic role of high-fat ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) for neurological diseases and on the protective effect of the Mediterranean diet (MD), it could be important to delineate a Mediterranean version of KDTs in order to maintain a high ketogenic ratio, and thus avoid side effects, especially in patients requiring long-term treatment. This narrative review aims to explore the existing literature on this topic and to elaborate recommendations for a Mediterranean version of the KDTs. It presents practical suggestions based on MD principles, which consist of key elements for the selection of foods (both from quantitative and qualitative prospective), and indications of the relative proportions and consumption frequency of the main food groups that constitute the Mediterranean version of the KDTs. We suggest the adoption of a Mediterranean version of ketogenic diets in order to benefit from the multiple protective effects of the MD. This translates to: (i) a preferential use of olive oil and vegetable fat sources in general; (ii) the limitation of foods rich in saturated fatty acids; (iii) the encouragement of high biological value protein sources; (iv) inserting fruit and vegetables at every meal possible, varying their choices according to seasonality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ferraris
- Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensics Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Monica Guglielmetti
- Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensics Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lenycia de Cassya Lopes Neri
- Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensics Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sabika Allehdan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | | | | | - Claudia Trentani
- Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensics Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Tagliabue
- Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensics Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Zupo R, Moroni A, Castellana F, Gasparri C, Catino F, Lampignano L, Perna S, Clodoveo ML, Sardone R, Rondanelli M. A Machine-Learning Approach to Target Clinical and Biological Features Associated with Sarcopenia: Findings from Northern and Southern Italian Aging Populations. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040565. [PMID: 37110223 PMCID: PMC10142879 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and public health resonance of sarcopenia in late life requires further research to identify better clinical markers useful for seeking proper care strategies in preventive medicine settings. Using a machine-learning approach, a search for clinical and fluid markers most associated with sarcopenia was carried out across older populations from northern and southern Italy. A dataset of adults >65 years of age (n = 1971) made up of clinical records and fluid markers from either a clinical-based subset from northern Italy (Pavia) and a population-based subset from southern Italy (Apulia) was employed (n = 1312 and n = 659, respectively). Body composition data obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were used for the diagnosis of sarcopenia, given by the presence of either low muscle mass (i.e., an SMI < 7.0 kg/m2 for males or <5.5 kg/m2 for females) and of low muscle strength (i.e., an HGS < 27 kg for males or <16 kg for females) or low physical performance (i.e., an SPPB ≤ 8), according to the EWGSOP2 panel guidelines. A machine-learning feature-selection approach, the random forest (RF), was used to identify the most predictive features of sarcopenia in the whole dataset, considering every possible interaction among variables and taking into account nonlinear relationships that classical models could not evaluate. Then, a logistic regression was performed for comparative purposes. Leading variables of association to sarcopenia overlapped in the two population subsets and included SMI, HGS, FFM of legs and arms, and sex. Using parametric and nonparametric whole-sample analysis to investigate the clinical variables and biological markers most associated with sarcopenia, we found that albumin, CRP, folate, and age ranked high according to RF selection, while sex, folate, and vitamin D were the most relevant according to logistics. Albumin, CRP, vitamin D, and serum folate should not be neglected in screening for sarcopenia in the aging population. Better preventive medicine settings in geriatrics are urgently needed to lessen the impact of sarcopenia on the general health, quality of life, and medical care delivery of the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Zupo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessia Moroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Feliciana Catino
- Department of Innovation and Smart City, Municipality of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy
| | - Luisa Lampignano
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Venturi S, Marino M, Cioffi I, Martini D, Del Bo' C, Perna S, Riso P, Klimis-Zacas D, Porrini M. Berry Dietary Interventions in Metabolic Syndrome: New Insights. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081906. [PMID: 37111125 PMCID: PMC10142833 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a group of dysmetabolic conditions, including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance and/or insulin resistance, and hypertension. Generally, MetS is accompanied by an exacerbation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction. Increasing evidence suggests that berries and berry bioactives could play a potential role in the prevention and mitigation of the risk factors associated with MetS. The present systematic review summarizes the more recently available evidence deriving from human intervention studies investigating the effect of berries in subjects with at least three out of five MetS parameters. The PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were systematically searched from January 2010 until December 2022. A total of 17 human intervention trials met the inclusion criteria. Most of them were focused on blueberry (n = 6), cranberry (n = 3), and chokeberry (n = 3), while very few or none were available for the other berries. If considering MetS features, the main positive effects were related to lipid profile (low and high-density lipoproteins, cholesterol, and triglycerides) following blueberries and chokeberries, while conflicting results were documented for anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose levels. Other markers analyzed within the studies included vascular function, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Here, the main positive effects were related to inflammation with a reduction in interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha following the intake of different berries. In conclusion, although limited, the evidence seems to support a potential role for berries in the modulation of lipid profile and inflammation in subjects with MetS. Furthermore, high-quality intervention trials are mandatory to demonstrate the role of berries in reducing risk factors for MetS and related conditions. In the future, such a demonstration could bring the adoption of berries as a potential dietary strategy to prevent/counteract MetS and related risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Venturi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Iolanda Cioffi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Rondanelli M, Gasparri C, Rigon C, Ferraris C, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Peroni G, Faliva MA, Naso M, Perna S. A meta-analysis on the changes of BMI during an inpatient treatment with different follow-up lengths (short and long term) compared with the outpatient phase in obese patients. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023:10.1038/s41366-023-01297-2. [PMID: 36991199 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of obesity should be multidimensional based on the choice of the treatment and the intensity of the therapeutic-rehabilitative intervention. This meta-analysis aims to compare the changes on body weight and body mass index (BMI) during an inpatient treatment (hospitalized weight loss programs with different durations in terms of weeks) compared with the outpatient phase. METHODS The data obtained from the studies on inpatients have been layered into two categories: short term (studies with follow-up of max 6 months) and long term (studies with follow-up up to 24 months). Furthermore, this study evaluates which of the two approaches show the best impact on weight loss and BMI during 2 follow-ups at 6 to 24 months. RESULTS The analysis, which included seven studies (977 patients), revealed that the subjects underwent a short hospitalization had greater benefit, compared to those who were followed for a long time. The meta-analyzed mean differences for random effect (MD) showed a statistically significant decrease on BMI of -1.42 kg/m2 (95% CI: -2.48 to -0.35; P = 0.009) and on body weight -6.94 (95% CI: -10.71 to -3.17; P = 0.0003) for subjects who carry out a short hospitalization compared to outpatients. No reduction of body weight (p = 0.07) and BMI (p = 0.9) for subjects who undergo a long hospitalization compared to an outpatient. CONCLUSIONS A short-term inpatients multidisciplinary weight loss program could be the best choice for the management of obesity and its related comorbidities; on the contrary, if the follow-up is of long duration, the significance is not confirmed. The hospitalization at the beginning of any obesity treatment is significantly better than only outpatients treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, 27100, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
| | - Chiara Rigon
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferraris
- Food Education and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research and Development Unit, Indena, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus P. O. Box, 32038, Zallaq, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Rondanelli M, Patelli Z, Gasparri C, Mansueto F, Ferraris C, Nichetti M, Alalwan TA, Sajoux I, Maugeri R, Perna S. Very low calorie ketogenic diet and common rheumatic disorders: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:1985-1991. [PMID: 36998951 PMCID: PMC10044955 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i9.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scientific literature provides evidence that nutritional ketosis can be an important support in the treatment of pathologies in which inflammation is present, as recent studies have shown that ketone bodies have anti-inflammatory activity in numerous diseases, including rheumatic diseases. We report the case of a 22-year-old woman with class I obesity and juvenile idiopathic arthritis who started treatment with a very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD).
CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 22-year-old woman diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis at age 4 years and with a body mass index (BMI) of 30.8 kg/m2, waist circumference (WC) 80 cm, fat mass (FM) 28.1 kg, free FM 45.7 kg, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) 3.5 kg, assessed on bioimpedance analysis. She was treated using a commercial VLCKD weight-loss program (PNK® method); this program provides high-biological-value protein preparations and natural foods. Each protein preparation contains 15 g protein, 4 g carbohydrate, 3 g fat, and 50 mg omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid, with an energy content of 90–120 kcal. After four months on the program, the BMI was 28.6 kg/m2, WC 73 cm, FM 23.2 kg, free FM 41.9 kg, and VAT 2.9 kg.
CONCLUSION VLCKD enabled the patient to reach her target weight and to reduce her joint pain and headaches. Laboratory inflammatory indices also normalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Francesca Mansueto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferraris
- Food Education and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Mara Nichetti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Tariq A Alalwan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
| | - Ignacio Sajoux
- Chief Scientific Office, Medical Department Pronokal Group, Barcelona 08001, Spain
| | | | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
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Rondanelli M, Moroni A, Zese M, Gasparri C, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Perna S, Mazzola G. Vitamin D from UV-Irradiated Mushrooms as a Way for Vitamin D Supplementation: A Systematic Review on Classic and Nonclassic Effects in Human and Animal Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030736. [PMID: 36978984 PMCID: PMC10045067 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent literature has shown that vitamin D, in addition to its well-known activity on the skeleton, has many positive effects on health. Unfortunately, it is not easy to meet intake needs solely with food. Mushrooms could provide a valid way to achieve this goal, because they are one of the few sources of vitamin D. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize what has been reported in the literature on the treatment of animal and human models with irradiated commercial mushrooms, with particular attention paid to the effects on clinical outcomes associated with the classical and nonclassical vitamin D functions. A total of 18 articles were selected. Six studies were conducted on human samples, while twelve were focused on animal models. The six studies conducted in humans involved a large number of subjects (663), but the treatment period was relatively short (1–6 months). Furthermore, the treatment dosage was different in the various groups (600–3800 IU/day). Probably for this reason, the studies did not demonstrate clinical efficacy on the parameters evaluated (cognitive functions, muscle system/function, metabolic syndrome). Indeed, those studies demonstrated an efficacy in increasing the blood levels of 25(OH)D2, but not in increasing the levels of 25(OH)D total. In 9 of 12 studies conducted on the animal model, however, a clinical efficacy on bone metabolism, inflammation, and cognitive performance was demonstrated. The results of this systematic review indicate that the intake of vitamin D from irradiated mushrooms could possibly help to meet vitamin D needs, but the dosage and the time of treatment tested need to be evaluated. Therefore, studies conducted in humans for longer periods than the studies carried out up to now are necessary, with defined dosages, in order to also evaluate the clinical efficacy demonstrated in animal models both for the classical (bone metabolism) and nonclassical (muscle function, cognitive performance, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities) effects of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessia Moroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382381739
| | - Marco Zese
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzola
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Perna S, Gasparri C, Allehdan S, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Ferraris C, Guido D, Alalwan TA, Rondanelli M. Discovering the Physio-Pathological Mechanisms of Interaction between Bone Mineral Density, Muscle Mass, and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Female Older Adults through Structural Equation Modeling. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062269. [PMID: 36983268 PMCID: PMC10053048 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the relation between visceral adipose tissue (VAT), as a proxy for metabolically unhealthy obesity, muscle, as a proxy for muscle quality and sarcopenia, and bone, as a proxy for bone mineral density and osteoporosis. Other variables, such metabolic syndrome, nutritional status, number of diseases, kidney and liver function and inflammation were assessed as direct or indirect effects. This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) in a sample of 713 older women (mean age 82.1 ± 6.3). The results indicate a positive statistically significant association between bone and muscle mass (β = 0.195, <0.001) and nutritional status and muscle mass (β = 0.139, p < 0.001), but negative association between age with muscle mass (β = −0.509, p < 0.001) and nutritional status (estimates: −2.264, p < 0.001). A negative association between VAT and muscle mass was also reported (β = −1.88, p < 0.001). A negative statistically significant association was reported between bone mineral density and functional status (β = −1.081, p < 0.001), and a positive association between functional status and muscle mass (β = 9.000, p < 0.001). In addition, functional status was positively statistically associated with cognitive performance (β = 0.032, p < 0.001). The SEM method demonstrates that the VAT, muscle mass and bone mineral density are associated, but the form of the relation is different in relation to different factors, such as nutritional status, mental and functional status, age, and number of pathologies, having different impacts on metabolic outcomes. SEM is a feasible technique for understanding the complex mechanisms of frailty in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Perna
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Sabika Allehdan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | | | | | - Cinzia Ferraris
- Food Education and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Tariq A. Alalwan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Alogna A, Faragli A, Kolp C, Doeblin P, Tanacli R, Confortola G, Oetvoes J, Perna S, Stehning C, Nagel E, Pieske BM, Post H, Kelle S. Blood-Oxygen-Level Dependent (BOLD) T2-Mapping Reflects Invasively Measured Central Venous Oxygen Saturation in Cardiovascular Patients. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 16:251-253. [PMID: 36648039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Freije AM, Hammad LH, Al-Mannai M, Perna S. Factors Influencing Water Consumption in the Kingdom of Bahrain and Environmental Consequences of Bottled Water Consumption. Ann Ig 2023; 35:92-111. [PMID: 36354162 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2022.2451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The drinking of bottled water has remarkably increased at a global scale even in the regions possessing other adequate water sources. This study elaborates on the factors influencing the consumption of tap, filtered, and bottled water in the Kingdom of Bahrain and on the environmental consequences of bottled water consumption. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on 483 participants in the Kingdom of Bahrain between April and May 2019. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to assess the preferred water type, to estimate the amount of bottled water consumption per year/capita, and other water consumption-related information. RESULTS The study revealed that filtered (35.90%) and bottled (34.50%) waters were predominantly consumed in the Kingdom, while the consumption of tap water was negligible (8.90%). The total consumption of bottled water was 0.51 liters/day, which is equivalent to 184.69 liters/year. Thus, 295.50 liters/capita/year of bottled water were consumed based on the approximate 1.6 million population in 2019. This consumption rate is extremely high in comparison to other countries. CONCLUSIONS The study recommended improving population satisfaction of tap water, conducting tap water marketing campaigns, investments in recycling infrastructures, and introducing educational plans to properly dispose of water bottles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Freije
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | | | - M Al-Mannai
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - S Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The American Geriatrics Society recommends a minimum daily supplement of 1,000 IU and underlines that a dosage lower than 600 IU do not prevent falls in elderly people. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION The author searched on PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus database the MeSH terms and keywords of "vitamin D," "(25(OH)D)," "elderly" and "obesity." The aim of this study was to support the rationale on the correct vitamin D supplementation in elderly people with obesity and overweight. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Ten studies were found suitable for consideration in writing this comprehensive evidence-based rapid review. The supplementation of vitamin D included 1500 elderly subjects with Body Mass Index (BMI) over 25 kg/m2. This article proved that the daily vitamin D supplementation from 2000 to 4000 UI is highly recommended in elderly people with obesity because of: 1) sequestration of vitamin D by the adipose tissue; 2) increased catabolism of vita-in D in the adipose tissue; 3) decreased synthesis of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in the liver; 4) reduced sun-exposure; and 5) dosages equal at 1000 UI or lower that did not show any important effect on vitamin D deficiency and on related comorbidities in elderly people with obesity. CONCLUSIONS Gender, baseline levels of serum (25(OH)D) concentration, ethnicity and severity of BMI should be accounted for the correct supplementation of vitamin D in elderly population for the precision medicine goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain -
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Nemrish K, Perna S, Al Khalifa D, Owen-Alkhaldi AM, Zameer S, Kamali M, Jassim G. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on University Students in Bahrain. Cureus 2022; 14:e33079. [PMID: 36721623 PMCID: PMC9883807 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is an ongoing event that has affected millions worldwide financially, socially, and psychologically; university students have also felt the devastating impact. Therefore, assessing how students have been affected psychologically is important, which is explored in this study. Methods This cross-sectional study took place in two institutions in Bahrain between October and December 2021. A survey assembled from pre-validated questionnaires was sent through Google Forms after receiving ethics approval. Data were analyzed using network plot analysis and linear regression analysis. Results Out of 292 responses, the most common demographic observed were vaccinated Bahraini females living with families at a mean age of 21.21 (SD±3.447). The mean scores for the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Centered for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D), and Stigma Scale were 10.55 (SD ± 6.144), 18.75 (SD ± 9.147), and 25.40 (SD ± 3.428), respectively. The significant associations on ANOVA observed were stigma score and living status (p-value = 0.002), stigma, and alcohol consumption (p-value = <0.001). Statistically significant predictors of the outcomes in this study included gender for depressive symptoms (p-value = 0.013) and alcohol consumption for stigma (p-value = 0.017). Discussion The stigmatization of the pandemic may additionally influence sub-threshold depressive and anxiety-related symptoms in university students. Concluding from the results of this study, the psychological impact of the pandemic is significant among university students and needs to be addressed in institutions in Bahrain.
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Di Filippo A, Perna S, Pierantozzi A, Milozzi F, Fortinguerra F, Caranci N, Moro L, Agabiti N, Belleudi V, Cesaroni G, Nardi A, Spadea T, Gnavi R, Trotta F. Socio-economic inequalities in the use of drugs for the treatment of chronic diseases in Italy. Int J Equity Health 2022; 21:157. [DOI: 10.1186/s12939-022-01772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Since the use of medicines is strongly correlated to population health needs, higher drug consumption is expected in socio-economical deprived areas. However, no systematic study investigated the relationship between medications use in the treatment of chronic diseases and the socioeconomic position of patients. The purpose of the study is to provide a description, both at national level and with geographical detail, of the use of medicines, in terms of consumption, adherence and persistence, for the treatment of major chronic diseases in groups of population with different level of socioeconomic position.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was used to define the “prevalent” users during 2018. A longitudinal cohort study design was performed for each chronic disease in new drug users, in 2018 and the following year. A retrospective population-based study, considering all adult Italian residents (i.e. around 50.7 million people aged ≥ 18 years). Different medications were used as a proxy for underlying chronic diseases: hypertension, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis, diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Only “chronic” patients who had at least 2 prescriptions within the same subgroup of drugs or specific medications during the year were selected for the analysis. A multidimensional measures of socio-economic position, declined in a national deprivation index at the municipality level, was used to identify and estimate the relationship with drug use indicators. The medicine consumption rate for each pharmacological category was estimated for prevalent users while adherence and persistence to pharmacologic therapy at 12 months were evaluated for new users.
Results
The results highlighted how the socioeconomic deprivation is strongly correlated with the use of medicines: after adjustment by deprivation index, the drug consumption rates decreased, mainly in the most disadvantaged areas, where consumption levels are on average higher than in other areas. On the other hand, the adherence and persistence indicators did not show the same trend.
Conclusions
This study showed that drug consumption is influenced by the level of deprivation consistently with the distribution of diseases. For this reason, the main levers on which it is necessary to act to reduce disparities in health status are mainly related to prevention. Moreover, it is worth pointing out that the use of a municipal deprivation indicator necessarily generates an ecological bias, however, the experience of the present study, which for the first-time deals with the complex and delicate issue of equity in Italian pharmaceutical assistance, sets the stage for new insights that could overcome the limits.
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Kyu HH, Vongpradith A, Sirota SB, Novotney A, Troeger CE, Doxey MC, Bender RG, Ledesma JR, Biehl MH, Albertson SB, Frostad JJ, Burkart K, Bennitt FB, Zhao JT, Gardner WM, Hagins H, Bryazka D, Dominguez RMV, Abate SM, Abdelmasseh M, Abdoli A, Abdoli G, Abedi A, Abedi V, Abegaz TM, Abidi H, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Abtew YD, Abubaker Ali H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Abu-Zaid A, Adamu K, Addo IY, Adegboye OA, Adnan M, Adnani QES, Afzal MS, Afzal S, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad A, Ahmad AR, Ahmad S, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi S, Ahmed H, Ahmed JQ, Ahmed Rashid T, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M, Al Hamad H, Albano L, Aldeyab MA, Alemu BM, Alene KA, Algammal AM, Alhalaiqa FAN, Alhassan RK, Ali BA, Ali L, Ali MM, Ali SS, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Al-Jumaily A, Aljunid SM, Almustanyir S, Al-Raddadi RM, Al-Rifai RHH, AlRyalat SAS, Alvis-Guzman N, Alvis-Zakzuk NJ, Ameyaw EK, Aminian Dehkordi JJ, Amuasi JH, Amugsi DA, Anbesu EW, Ansar A, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Areda D, Argaw AM, Argaw ZG, Arulappan J, Aruleba RT, Asemahagn MA, Athari SS, Atlaw D, Attia EF, Attia S, Aujayeb A, Awoke T, Ayana TM, Ayanore MA, Azadnajafabad S, Azangou-Khyavy M, Azari S, Azari Jafari A, Badar M, Badiye AD, Baghcheghi N, Bagherieh S, Baig AA, Banach M, Banerjee I, Bardhan M, Barone-Adesi F, Barqawi HJ, Barrow A, Bashiri A, Bassat Q, Batiha AMM, Belachew AB, Belete MA, Belgaumi UI, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhatt P, Bhojaraja VS, Bhutta ZA, Bhuyan SS, Bijani A, Bitaraf S, Bodicha BBA, Briko NI, Buonsenso D, Butt MH, Cai J, Camargos P, Cámera LA, Chakraborty PA, Chanie MG, Charan J, Chattu VK, Ching PR, Choi S, Chong YY, Choudhari SG, Chowdhury EK, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Cobb NL, Cohen AJ, Cruz-Martins N, Dadras O, Dagnaw FT, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dao ATM, Debela SA, Demisse B, Demisse FW, Demissie S, Dereje D, Desai HD, Desta AA, Desye B, Dhingra S, Diao N, Diaz D, Digesa LE, Doan LP, Dodangeh M, Dongarwar D, Dorostkar F, dos Santos WM, Dsouza HL, Dubljanin E, Durojaiye OC, Edinur HA, Ehsani-Chimeh E, Eini E, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, El Desouky ED, El Sayed I, El Sayed Zaki M, Elhadi M, Elkhapery AMR, Emami A, Engelbert Bain L, Erkhembayar R, Etaee F, Ezati Asar M, Fagbamigbe AF, Falahi S, Fallahzadeh A, Faraj A, Faraon EJA, Fatehizadeh A, Ferrara P, Ferrari AA, Fetensa G, Fischer F, Flavel J, Foroutan M, Gaal PA, Gaidhane AM, Gaihre S, Galehdar N, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Garg T, Gebrehiwot MD, Gebremichael MA, Gela YY, Gemeda BNB, Gessner BD, Getachew M, Getie A, Ghamari SH, Ghasemi Nour M, Ghashghaee A, Gholamrezanezhad A, Gholizadeh A, Ghosh R, Ghozy S, Goleij P, Golitaleb M, Gorini G, Goulart AC, Goyomsa GG, Guadie HA, Gudisa Z, Guled RA, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Guta A, Habibzadeh P, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Hamidi S, Hannan MA, Harorani M, Hasaballah AI, Hasani H, Hassan AM, Hassani S, Hassanian-Moghaddam H, Hassankhani H, Hayat K, Heibati B, Heidari M, Heyi DZ, Hezam K, Holla R, Hong SH, Horita N, Hosseini MS, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Househ M, Hoveidamanesh S, Huang J, Hussein NR, Iavicoli I, Ibitoye SE, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Immurana M, Ismail NE, Iwagami M, Jaafari J, Jamshidi E, Jang SI, Javadi Mamaghani A, Javaheri T, Javanmardi F, Javidnia J, Jayapal SK, Jayarajah U, Jayaram S, Jema AT, Jeong W, Jonas JB, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, K V, Kabir Z, Kacimi SEO, Kadashetti V, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamath A, Kamble BD, Kandel H, Kanko TK, Karaye IM, Karch A, Karkhah S, Kassa BG, Katoto PDMC, Kaur H, Kaur RJ, Keikavoosi-Arani L, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khan EA, Khan G, Khan IA, Khan M, Khan MN, Khan MAB, Khan YH, Khatatbeh MM, Khosravifar M, Khubchandani J, Kim MS, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissoon N, Knibbs LD, Kochhar S, Kompani F, Koohestani HR, Korshunov VA, Kosen S, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Kuate Defo B, Kumar GA, Kurmi OP, Kuttikkattu A, Lal DK, Lám J, Landires I, Ledda C, Lee SW, Levi M, Lewycka S, Liu G, Liu W, Lodha R, Lorenzovici L, Lotfi M, Loureiro JA, Madadizadeh F, Mahmoodpoor A, Mahmoudi R, Mahmoudimanesh M, Majidpoor J, Makki A, Malakan Rad E, Malik AA, Mallhi TH, Manla Y, Matei CN, Mathioudakis AG, Maude RJ, Mehrabi Nasab E, Melese A, Memish ZA, Mendoza-Cano O, Mentis AFA, Meretoja TJ, Merid MW, Mestrovic T, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá AC, Mijena GFW, Minh LHN, Mir SA, Mirfakhraie R, Mirmoeeni S, Mirza AZ, Mirza M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Misganaw AS, Misganaw AT, Mohammadi E, Mohammadi M, Mohammed A, Mohammed S, Mohan S, Mohseni M, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Momtazmanesh S, Monasta L, Moniruzzaman M, Montazeri F, Moore CE, Moradi A, Morawska L, Mosser JF, Mostafavi E, Motaghinejad M, Mousavi Isfahani H, Mousavi-Aghdas SA, Mubarik S, Murillo-Zamora E, Mustafa G, Nair S, Nair TS, Najafi H, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Natto ZS, Nayak BP, Nejadghaderi SA, Nguyen HVN, Niazi RK, Nogueira de Sá AT, Nouraei H, Nowroozi A, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nzoputam CI, Nzoputam OJ, Oancea B, Ochir C, Odukoya OO, Okati-Aliabad H, Okekunle AP, Okonji OC, Olagunju AT, Olufadewa II, Omar Bali A, Omer E, Oren E, Ota E, Otstavnov N, Oulhaj A, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakshir K, Pakzad R, Palicz T, Pandey A, Pant S, Pardhan S, Park EC, Park EK, Pashazadeh Kan F, Paudel R, Pawar S, Peng M, Pereira G, Perna S, Perumalsamy N, Petcu IR, Pigott DM, Piracha ZZ, Podder V, Polibin RV, Postma MJ, Pourasghari H, Pourtaheri N, Qadir MMF, Raad M, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Raeghi S, Rafiei A, Rahim F, Rahimi M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman A, Rahman MO, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rahmanian V, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Rana J, Ranasinghe P, Rani U, Rao SJ, Rashedi S, Rashidi MM, Rasul A, Ratan ZA, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Redwan EMM, Reitsma MB, Renzaho AMN, Rezaeian M, Riad A, Rikhtegar R, Rodriguez JAB, Rogowski ELB, Ronfani L, Rudd KE, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Saeed U, Safary A, Safi SZ, Sahebazzamani M, Sahebkar A, Sakhamuri S, Salehi S, Salman M, Samadi Kafil H, Samy AM, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sao Jose BP, Sarkhosh M, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Saya GK, Seidu AA, Seylani A, Shaheen AA, Shaikh MA, Shaker E, Shamshad H, Sharew MM, Sharhani A, Sharifi A, Sharma P, Sheidaei A, Shenoy SM, Shetty JK, Shiferaw DS, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shirzad-Aski H, Shivakumar KM, Shivalli S, Shobeiri P, Simegn W, Simpson CR, Singh H, Singh JA, Singh P, Siwal SS, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Song S, Song Y, Sood P, Sreeramareddy CT, Steiropoulos P, Suleman M, Tabatabaeizadeh SA, Tahamtan A, Taheri M, Taheri Soodejani M, Taki E, Talaat IM, Tampa M, Tandukar S, Tat NY, Tat VY, Tefera YM, Temesgen G, Temsah MH, Tesfaye A, Tesfaye DG, Tessema B, Thapar R, Ticoalu JHV, Tiyuri A, Tleyjeh II, Togtmol M, Tovani-Palone MR, Tufa DG, Ullah I, Upadhyay E, Valadan Tahbaz S, Valdez PR, Valizadeh R, Vardavas C, Vasankari TJ, Vo B, Vu LG, Wagaye B, Waheed Y, Wang Y, Waris A, West TE, Wickramasinghe ND, Xu X, Yaghoubi S, Yahya GAT, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, Zaman BA, Zandifar A, Zangiabadian M, Zar HJ, Zare I, Zareshahrabadi Z, Zarrintan A, Zastrozhin MS, Zeng W, Zhang M, Zhang ZJ, Zhong C, Zoladl M, Zumla A, Lim SS, Vos T, Naghavi M, Brauer M, Hay SI, Murray CJL. Age-sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Infect Dis 2022; 22:1626-1647. [PMID: 35964613 PMCID: PMC9605880 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00510-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global burden of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and corresponding risk factors in children older than 5 years and adults has not been studied as comprehensively as it has been in children younger than 5 years. We assessed the burden and trends of LRIs and risk factors across all age groups by sex, for 204 countries and territories. METHODS In this analysis of data for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we used clinician-diagnosed pneumonia or bronchiolitis as our case definition for LRIs. We included International Classification of Diseases 9th edition codes 079.6, 466-469, 470.0, 480-482.8, 483.0-483.9, 484.1-484.2, 484.6-484.7, and 487-489 and International Classification of Diseases 10th edition codes A48.1, A70, B97.4-B97.6, J09-J15.8, J16-J16.9, J20-J21.9, J91.0, P23.0-P23.4, and U04-U04.9. We used the Cause of Death Ensemble modelling strategy to analyse 23 109 site-years of vital registration data, 825 site-years of sample vital registration data, 1766 site-years of verbal autopsy data, and 681 site-years of mortality surveillance data. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, to analyse age-sex-specific incidence and prevalence data identified via systematic reviews of the literature, population-based survey data, and claims and inpatient data. Additionally, we estimated age-sex-specific LRI mortality that is attributable to the independent effects of 14 risk factors. FINDINGS Globally, in 2019, we estimated that there were 257 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 240-275) LRI incident episodes in males and 232 million (217-248) in females. In the same year, LRIs accounted for 1·30 million (95% UI 1·18-1·42) male deaths and 1·20 million (1·07-1·33) female deaths. Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates were 1·17 times (95% UI 1·16-1·18) and 1·31 times (95% UI 1·23-1·41) greater in males than in females in 2019. Between 1990 and 2019, LRI incidence and mortality rates declined at different rates across age groups and an increase in LRI episodes and deaths was estimated among all adult age groups, with males aged 70 years and older having the highest increase in LRI episodes (126·0% [95% UI 121·4-131·1]) and deaths (100·0% [83·4-115·9]). During the same period, LRI episodes and deaths in children younger than 15 years were estimated to have decreased, and the greatest decline was observed for LRI deaths in males younger than 5 years (-70·7% [-77·2 to -61·8]). The leading risk factors for LRI mortality varied across age groups and sex. More than half of global LRI deaths in children younger than 5 years were attributable to child wasting (population attributable fraction [PAF] 53·0% [95% UI 37·7-61·8] in males and 56·4% [40·7-65·1] in females), and more than a quarter of LRI deaths among those aged 5-14 years were attributable to household air pollution (PAF 26·0% [95% UI 16·6-35·5] for males and PAF 25·8% [16·3-35·4] for females). PAFs of male LRI deaths attributed to smoking were 20·4% (95% UI 15·4-25·2) in those aged 15-49 years, 30·5% (24·1-36·9) in those aged 50-69 years, and 21·9% (16·8-27·3) in those aged 70 years and older. PAFs of female LRI deaths attributed to household air pollution were 21·1% (95% UI 14·5-27·9) in those aged 15-49 years and 18·2% (12·5-24·5) in those aged 50-69 years. For females aged 70 years and older, the leading risk factor, ambient particulate matter, was responsible for 11·7% (95% UI 8·2-15·8) of LRI deaths. INTERPRETATION The patterns and progress in reducing the burden of LRIs and key risk factors for mortality varied across age groups and sexes. The progress seen in children younger than 5 years was clearly a result of targeted interventions, such as vaccination and reduction of exposure to risk factors. Similar interventions for other age groups could contribute to the achievement of multiple Sustainable Development Goals targets, including promoting wellbeing at all ages and reducing health inequalities. Interventions, including addressing risk factors such as child wasting, smoking, ambient particulate matter pollution, and household air pollution, would prevent deaths and reduce health disparities. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Rondanelli M, Gasparri C, Barrile GC, Battaglia S, Cavioni A, Giusti R, Mansueto F, Moroni A, Nannipieri F, Patelli Z, Razza C, Tartara A, Perna S. Effectiveness of a Novel Food Composed of Leucine, Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 for the Treatment of Sarcopenia in Elderly Subjects: A 2-Month Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214566. [PMID: 36364828 PMCID: PMC9656258 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a complex process characterized by a progressive decrease in muscle mass and strength. Various nutrients have been shown to be effective in supporting muscular performance. This randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2-month administration of food for special medical purposes composed of omega-3 fatty acids (500 mg), leucine (2.5 g), and probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 (LPPS23), on appendicular lean mass (ALM), muscle performance, inflammatory status, and amino acid profile in sarcopenic patients. A total of 60 participants (aged 79.7 ± 4.8 years and a body mass index of 22.2 ± 2.1 kg/m2) were enrolled and randomly assigned to either intervention (n = 22) or placebo group (n = 28). Comparing the differences in effects between groups (intervention minus placebo effects), ALM increased significantly in the intervention group (p < 0.05), with no discernible change in the placebo group. Similarly, significant differences were also observed for the Tinetti scale (+2.39 points, p < 0.05), the SPPB total score (+2.22 points, p < 0.05), and the handgrip strength (4.09 kg, p < 0.05). Visceral adipose tissue significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the placebo group at 60 days −0.69 g (95% CI: −1.09, 0.29) vs. 0.27 g (95% CI: −0.11, 0.65), groups difference −0.96 (95% CI: −1.52, 0.39, p = 0.001). A statistically significant increase in levels of valine, leucine, isoleucine, and total amino acid profiles was observed in the intervention group compared with the placebo group at 60 days (p = 0.001). When taken together, these beneficial effects may be attributed to the innovative composition of this special medical-purpose food which could be considered for the treatment of sarcopenia in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-038-238-1739
| | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Mansueto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessia Moroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Razza
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Tartara
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
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Rondanelli M, Gasparri C, Perdoni F, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Peroni G, Faliva MA, Naso M, Perna S. Bone Mineral Density Reference Values in 18- to 95-Year-Old Population in Lombardy Region, Italy. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221119363. [PMID: 36305327 PMCID: PMC9619280 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221119363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the bone mineral density (BMD) and T-score reference values in a population from 18 to 95 years old in Lombardy region, Italy. This study also investigates the association between BMD values and body mass index (BMI) divided by gender and age. The evaluation of BMD was analyzed by T-score and BMD in each site, femur, and column. A total of 10,503 patients (9,627 females and 876 males, 65.04±12.18 years) have been enrolled in this study. The women hip femur reference values associated with a situation of osteopenia highlighted in-line with the class of age of 45 to 55 years were: mean values: -1.3132 T-score; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.3600 to -1.2664 and of osteoporosis from the class of age 85 to 95 years, mean values: -2.6591 T-score, 95% CI: -2.7703 to -2.5479. The men hip femur reference values associated with a situation of osteopenia highlighted in-line with the class of age of 45 to 55 years were: mean values: 1.2986 T-score; 95% CI: -1.5454 to -1.0518. A positive association between BMI and the two sites of BMD was recorded (p > .05). This study provides an Italian overview of national and regional reference values about the BMD and T-score values divided by age and gender as reference values for clinicians for a correct assessment and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita,” University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Clara Gasparri, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita,” University of Pavia, via emilia 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Federica Perdoni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita,” University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita,” University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita,” University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita,” University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Habbash F, Alalwan TA, Perna S, Ahmed N, Sharif O, Al Sayyad A, Gasparri C, Ferraris C, Rondanelli M. Association between Dietary Habits and Helicobacter pylori Infection among Bahraini Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194215. [PMID: 36235867 PMCID: PMC9572631 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection is the main bacterial cause of several gastrointestinal disorders. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in a population of Bahraini adults seeking care in gastroenterology clinics in a tertiary care hospital in the Kingdom of Bahrain and examine the association between dietary habits and other factors with H. pylori infection. The study is a hospital-based retrospective, cross-sectional analytical study that included 200 participants. H. pylori infection prevalence among the studied group was 55.5%, and it was significantly higher among participants with a high school education or less (44.1%). Among dietary habits, the mean of frequency of green tea, coffee and honey intake was significantly lower among the H. pylori infected participants compared to their non-infected counterparts. H. pylori infection was significantly higher among participants with vitamin D deficiency (63.6%) compared to participants with normal vitamin D (30%) (p = 0.001) and each unit decrease in serum vitamin D was associated with an increased risk of infection by 1.1 times (OR = 1.1; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.18; p < 0.001). The study revealed that high educational levels, consumption of honey, green tea, and coffee, as well as normal serum vitamin D level, were independent protectors against H. pylori infection. Additional studies are needed to estimate the prevalence and predisposing factors of H. pylori infection in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Habbash
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
- Family and Community Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, King Abdullah Medical City, Manama 328, Bahrain
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (S.P.); (M.R.); Tel.: +973-39872001 (F.H.)
| | - Tariq Abdulkarim Alalwan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (S.P.); (M.R.); Tel.: +973-39872001 (F.H.)
| | - Naila Ahmed
- Department of Gastroenterology, King Hamad University Hospital, Muharraq 228, Bahrain
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Muharraq 228, Bahrain
| | - Omar Sharif
- Department of Gastroenterology, King Hamad University Hospital, Muharraq 228, Bahrain
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Muharraq 228, Bahrain
| | - Adel Al Sayyad
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
- Public Health, Ministry of Health, Manama 323, Bahrain
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferraris
- Laboratory of Food Education and Sport Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (S.P.); (M.R.); Tel.: +973-39872001 (F.H.)
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Gasparri C, Perna S, Peroni G, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Faliva MA, Naso M, Rondanelli M. Multidisciplinary residential program for the treatment of obesity: how body composition assessed by DXA and blood chemistry parameters change during hospitalization and which variations in body composition occur from discharge up to 1-year follow-up. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2701-2711. [PMID: 35648314 PMCID: PMC9556418 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01412-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by a complex variable clinical presentation with comorbidities. A multidisciplinary residential program (MRP) represents one of the best options for treating obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 8-week MRP on weight loss, body composition assessed by DXA, and metabolic blood parameters between entry (T0) and discharge (T1). The secondary endpoint was the evaluation of the patients' adherence to diet during the check-up outpatient visits, at 2 (T2), 6 (T3), and 12 (T4) months after discharge. METHODS 168 subjects were enrolled (61 males and 117 females, aged 58.5 ± 13 years, BMI 41.3 ± 6 kg/m2) in the study. The difference in values (end of hospitalization compared to baseline) was calculated through the univariate analysis procedure, which provides regression analysis and analysis of variance for a variable dependent on one or more variables. RESULTS There was a statistically significant improvement of all parameters investigated: total mass (- 5.68 kg), fat mass (- 4416.85 g), fat mass index (- 1724.56), visceral adipose tissue (- 332.76 g), arm circumference (- 1.63 cm) and calf circumference (- 1.16 cm). As it is reasonable to expect, even the fat free mass has been reduced (- 1236.03 g); however, the skeletal muscle index was not affected. Statistically significant improvement in glycaemic and lipid profile were reported. The BMI average reduction continued from discharge until T4. No statistically significant changes in fat free mass and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were reported during a year of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated the clinical benefits of 8-week MRP, which includes hypocaloric diet, physical exercise, and psychological support. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, evidence obtained from cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Zallaq, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research and Development Unit, Indena, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Tran KB, Lang JJ, Compton K, Xu R, Acheson AR, Henrikson HJ, Kocarnik JM, Penberthy L, Aali A, Abbas Q, Abbasi B, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbasi-Kangevari Z, Abbastabar H, Abdelmasseh M, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdelwahab AA, Abdoli G, Abdulkadir HA, Abedi A, Abegaz KH, Abidi H, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Absalan A, Abtew YD, Abubaker Ali H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Achappa B, Acuna JM, Addison D, Addo IY, Adegboye OA, Adesina MA, Adnan M, Adnani QES, Advani SM, Afrin S, Afzal MS, Aggarwal M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad AR, Ahmad R, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ahmadi S, Ahmed H, Ahmed LA, Ahmed MB, Ahmed Rashid T, Aiman W, Ajami M, Akalu GT, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M, Aklilu A, Akonde M, Akunna CJ, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Alessy SA, Algammal AM, Al-Hanawi MK, Alhassan RK, Ali BA, Ali L, Ali SS, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Al-Maweri SAA, Almustanyir S, Alonso N, Alqalyoobi S, Al-Raddadi RM, Al-Rifai RHH, Al-Sabah SK, Al-Tammemi AB, Altawalah H, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare F, Ameyaw EK, Aminian Dehkordi JJ, Amirzade-Iranaq MH, Amu H, Amusa GA, Ancuceanu R, Anderson JA, Animut YA, Anoushiravani A, Anoushirvani AA, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Ansha MG, Antony B, Antwi MH, Anwar SL, Anwer R, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aremu O, Argaw AM, Ariffin H, Aripov T, Arshad M, Artaman A, Arulappan J, Aruleba RT, Aryannejad A, Asaad M, Asemahagn MA, Asemi Z, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Assadi R, Athar M, Athari SS, Atout MMW, Attia S, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Avila-Burgos L, Awedew AF, Awoke MA, Awoke T, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayana TM, Ayen SS, Azadi D, Azadnajafabad S, Azami-Aghdash S, Azanaw MM, Azangou-Khyavy M, Azari Jafari A, Azizi H, Azzam AYY, Babajani A, Badar M, Badiye AD, Baghcheghi N, Bagheri N, Bagherieh S, Bahadory S, Baig AA, Baker JL, Bakhtiari A, Bakshi RK, Banach M, Banerjee I, Bardhan M, Barone-Adesi F, Barra F, Barrow A, Bashir NZ, Bashiri A, Basu S, Batiha AMM, Begum A, Bekele AB, Belay AS, Belete MA, Belgaumi UI, Bell AW, Belo L, Benzian H, Berhie AY, Bermudez ANC, Bernabe E, Bhagavathula AS, Bhala N, Bhandari BB, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bhuyan SS, Bibi S, Bilchut AH, Bintoro BS, Biondi A, Birega MGB, Birhan HE, Bjørge T, Blyuss O, Bodicha BBA, Bolla SR, Boloor A, Bosetti C, Braithwaite D, Brauer M, Brenner H, Briko AN, Briko NI, Buchanan CM, Bulamu NB, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt MH, Butt NS, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cámera LA, Cao C, Cao Y, Carreras G, Carvalho M, Cembranel F, Cerin E, Chakraborty PA, Charalampous P, Chattu VK, Chimed-Ochir O, Chirinos-Caceres JL, Cho DY, Cho WCS, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Chukwu IS, Cohen AJ, Conde J, Cortés S, Costa VM, Cruz-Martins N, Culbreth GT, Dadras O, Dagnaw FT, Dahlawi SMA, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Daneshpajouhnejad P, Danielewicz A, Dao ATM, Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani R, Darwesh AM, Das S, Davitoiu DV, Davtalab Esmaeili E, De la Hoz FP, Debela SA, Dehghan A, Demisse B, Demisse FW, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Derakhshani A, Derbew Molla M, Dereje D, Deribe KS, Desai R, Desalegn MD, Dessalegn FN, Dessalegni SAA, Dessie G, Desta AA, Dewan SMR, Dharmaratne SD, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Diao N, Diaz D, Digesa LE, Dixit SG, Doaei S, Doan LP, Doku PN, Dongarwar D, dos Santos WM, Driscoll TR, Dsouza HL, Durojaiye OC, Edalati S, Eghbalian F, Ehsani-Chimeh E, Eini E, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, Ekwueme DU, El Tantawi M, Elbahnasawy MA, Elbarazi I, Elghazaly H, Elhadi M, El-Huneidi W, Emamian MH, Engelbert Bain L, Enyew DB, Erkhembayar R, Eshetu T, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Espinosa-Montero J, Etaee F, Etemadimanesh A, Eyayu T, Ezeonwumelu IJ, Ezzikouri S, Fagbamigbe AF, Fahimi S, Fakhradiyev IR, Faraon EJA, Fares J, Farmany A, Farooque U, Farrokhpour H, Fasanmi AO, Fatehizadeh A, Fatima W, Fattahi H, Fekadu G, Feleke BE, Ferrari AA, Ferrero S, Ferro Desideri L, Filip I, Fischer F, Foroumadi R, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gadanya MA, Gaipov A, Galehdar N, Gallus S, Garg T, Gaspar Fonseca M, Gebremariam YH, Gebremeskel TG, Gebremichael MA, Geda YF, Gela YY, Gemeda BNB, Getachew M, Getachew ME, Ghaffari K, Ghafourifard M, Ghamari SH, Ghasemi Nour M, Ghassemi F, Ghimire A, Ghith N, Gholamalizadeh M, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Ghozy S, Gilani SA, Gill PS, Ginindza TG, Gizaw ATT, Glasbey JC, Godos J, Goel A, Golechha M, Goleij P, Golinelli D, Golitaleb M, Gorini G, Goulart BNG, Grosso G, Guadie HA, Gubari MIM, Gudayu TW, Guerra MR, Gunawardane DA, Gupta B, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gurara MK, Guta A, Habibzadeh P, Haddadi Avval A, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hajj Ali A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halboub ES, Halimi A, Halwani R, Hamadeh RR, Hameed S, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Hariri S, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Hartono RK, Hasaballah AI, Hasan SMM, Hasani H, Hashemi SM, Hassan AM, Hassanipour S, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari M, Heidarymeybodi Z, Herrera-Serna BY, Herteliu C, Hezam K, Hiraike Y, Hlongwa MM, Holla R, Holm M, Horita N, Hoseini M, Hossain MM, Hossain MBH, Hosseini MS, Hosseinzadeh A, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Huang J, Hugo FN, Humayun A, Hussain S, Hussein NR, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Iftikhar PM, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Immurana M, Innos K, Iranpour P, Irham LM, Islam MS, Islam RM, Islami F, Ismail NE, Isola G, Iwagami M, J LM, Jaiswal A, Jakovljevic M, Jalili M, Jalilian S, Jamshidi E, Jang SI, Jani CT, Javaheri T, Jayarajah UU, Jayaram S, Jazayeri SB, Jebai R, Jemal B, Jeong W, Jha RP, Jindal HA, John-Akinola YO, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kacimi SEO, Kadashetti V, Kahe F, Kakodkar PV, Kalankesh LR, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamal VK, Kamangar F, Kamath A, Kanchan T, Kandaswamy E, Kandel H, Kang H, Kanno GG, Kapoor N, Kar SS, Karanth SD, Karaye IM, Karch A, Karimi A, Kassa BG, Katoto PDMC, Kauppila JH, Kaur H, Kebede AG, Keikavoosi-Arani L, Kejela GG, Kemp Bohan PM, Keramati M, Keykhaei M, Khajuria H, Khan A, Khan AAK, Khan EA, Khan G, Khan MN, Khan MAB, Khanali J, Khatab K, Khatatbeh MM, Khatib MN, Khayamzadeh M, Khayat Kashani HR, Khazeei Tabari MA, Khezeli M, Khodadost M, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Klugar M, Klugarová J, Kolahi AA, Kolkhir P, Kompani F, Koul PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Krishnamoorthy Y, Kucuk Bicer B, Kugbey N, Kulimbet M, Kumar A, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Kuttikkattu A, La Vecchia C, Lahiri A, Lal DK, Lám J, Lan Q, Landires I, Larijani B, Lasrado S, Lau J, Lauriola P, Ledda C, Lee SW, Lee SWH, Lee WC, Lee YY, Lee YH, Legesse SM, Leigh J, Leong E, Li MC, Lim SS, Liu G, Liu J, Lo CH, Lohiya A, Lopukhov PD, Lorenzovici L, Lotfi M, Loureiro JA, Lunevicius R, Madadizadeh F, Mafi AR, Magdeldin S, Mahjoub S, Mahmoodpoor A, Mahmoudi M, Mahmoudimanesh M, Mahumud RA, Majeed A, Majidpoor J, Makki A, Makris KC, Malakan Rad E, Malekpour MR, Malekzadeh R, Malik AA, Mallhi TH, Mallya SD, Mamun MA, Manda AL, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Martini S, Martorell M, Masoudi S, Masoumi SZ, Matei CN, Mathews E, Mathur MR, Mathur V, McKee M, Meena JK, Mehmood K, Mehrabi Nasab E, Mehrotra R, Melese A, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha SID, Mensah LG, Mentis AFA, Mera-Mamián AYM, Meretoja TJ, Merid MW, Mersha AG, Meselu BT, Meshkat M, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Mijena GFW, Miller TR, Mir SA, Mirinezhad SK, Mirmoeeni S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR, Misganaw AS, Misra S, Mohammad KA, Mohammadi E, Mohammadi M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed A, Mohammed S, Mohan S, Mohseni M, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Molassiotis A, Molokhia M, Momenzadeh K, Momtazmanesh S, Monasta L, Mons U, Montasir AA, Montazeri F, Montero A, Moosavi MA, Moradi A, Moradi Y, Moradi Sarabi M, Moraga P, Morawska L, Morrison SD, Morze J, Mosapour A, Mostafavi E, Mousavi SM, Mousavi Isfahani H, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Mpundu-Kaambwa C, Mubarik S, Mulita F, Munblit D, Munro SB, Murillo-Zamora E, Musa J, Nabhan AF, Nagarajan AJ, Nagaraju SP, Nagel G, Naghipour M, Naimzada MD, Nair TS, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Narayana AI, Nassereldine H, Natto ZS, Nayak BP, Ndejjo R, Nduaguba SO, Negash WW, Nejadghaderi SA, Nejati K, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen HVN, Niazi RK, Noor NM, Noori M, Noroozi N, Nouraei H, Nowroozi A, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nzoputam CI, Nzoputam OJ, Oancea B, Odukoya OO, Oghenetega OB, Ogunsakin RE, Oguntade AS, Oh IH, Okati-Aliabad H, Okekunle AP, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Olakunde BO, Olufadewa II, Omer E, Omonisi AEE, Ong S, Onwujekwe OE, Orru H, Otstavnov SS, Oulhaj A, Oumer B, Owopetu OF, Oyinloye BE, P A M, Padron-Monedero A, Padubidri JR, Pakbin B, Pakshir K, Pakzad R, Palicz T, Pana A, Pandey A, Pandey A, Pant S, Pardhan S, Park EC, Park EK, Park S, Patel J, Pati S, Paudel R, Paudel U, Paun M, Pazoki Toroudi H, Peng M, Pereira J, Pereira RB, Perna S, Perumalsamy N, Pestell RG, Pezzani R, Piccinelli C, Pillay JD, Piracha ZZ, Pischon T, Postma MJ, Pourabhari Langroudi A, Pourshams A, Pourtaheri N, Prashant A, Qadir MMF, Quazi Syed Z, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Radhakrishnan RA, Radhakrishnan V, Raeisi M, Rafiee A, Rafiei A, Raheem N, Rahim F, Rahman MO, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rahmani S, Rahmanian V, Rajai N, Rajesh A, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Rana J, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao CR, Rao SJ, Rashedi S, Rashidi A, Rashidi M, Rashidi MM, Ratan ZA, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Rehman AU, Rehman IU, Reitsma MB, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei M, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei S, Rezaeian M, Rezapour A, Riad A, Rikhtegar R, Rios-Blancas M, Roberts TJ, Rohloff P, Romero-Rodríguez E, Roshandel G, Rwegerera GM, S M, Saber-Ayad MM, Saberzadeh-Ardestani B, Sabour S, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Saeb MR, Saeed U, Safaei M, Safary A, Sahebazzamani M, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Sajid MR, Salari H, Salehi S, Salem MR, Salimzadeh H, Samodra YL, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sankararaman S, Sanmarchi F, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saqib MAN, Sarveazad A, Sarvi F, Sathian B, Satpathy M, Sayegh N, Schneider IJC, Schwarzinger M, Šekerija M, Senthilkumaran S, Sepanlou SG, Seylani A, Seyoum K, Sha F, Shafaat O, Shah PA, Shahabi S, Shahid I, Shahrbaf MA, Shahsavari HR, Shaikh MA, Shaka MF, Shaker E, Shannawaz M, Sharew MMS, Sharifi A, Sharifi-Rad J, Sharma P, Shashamo BB, Sheikh A, Sheikh M, Sheikhbahaei S, Sheikhi RA, Sheikhy A, Shepherd PR, Shetty A, Shetty JK, Shetty RS, Shibuya K, Shirkoohi R, Shirzad-Aski H, Shivakumar KM, Shivalli S, Shivarov V, Shobeiri P, Shokri Varniab Z, Shorofi SA, Shrestha S, Sibhat MM, Siddappa Malleshappa SK, Sidemo NB, Silva DAS, Silva LMLR, Silva Julian G, Silvestris N, Simegn W, Singh AD, Singh A, Singh G, Singh H, Singh JA, Singh JK, Singh P, Singh S, Sinha DN, Sinke AH, Siraj MS, Sitas F, Siwal SS, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Socea B, Soeberg MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Solomon Y, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Song S, Song Y, Sorensen RJD, Soshnikov S, Sotoudeh H, Sowe A, Sufiyan MB, Suk R, Suleman M, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sultana S, Sur D, Szócska M, Tabaeian SP, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabatabaei SM, Tabuchi T, Tadbiri H, Taheri E, Taheri M, Taheri Soodejani M, Takahashi K, Talaat IM, Tampa M, Tan KK, Tat NY, Tat VY, Tavakoli A, Tavakoli A, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Tekalegn Y, Tesfay FH, Thapar R, Thavamani A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Thomas N, Thomas NK, Ticoalu JHV, Tiyuri A, Tollosa DN, Topor-Madry R, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran MTN, Tripathy JP, Ukke GG, Ullah I, Ullah S, Ullah S, Unnikrishnan B, Vacante M, Vaezi M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Valdez PR, Vardavas C, Varthya SB, Vaziri S, Velazquez DZ, Veroux M, Villeneuve PJ, Violante FS, Vladimirov SK, Vlassov V, Vo B, Vu LG, Wadood AW, Waheed Y, Walde MT, Wamai RG, Wang C, Wang F, Wang N, Wang Y, Ward P, Waris A, Westerman R, Wickramasinghe ND, Woldemariam M, Woldu B, Xiao H, Xu S, Xu X, Yadav L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yang L, Yazdanpanah F, Yeshaw Y, Yismaw Y, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yousefian F, Yu C, Yu Y, Yunusa I, Zahir M, Zaki N, Zaman BA, Zangiabadian M, Zare F, Zare I, Zareshahrabadi Z, Zarrintan A, Zastrozhin MS, Zeineddine MA, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhou L, Zodpey S, Zoladl M, Vos T, Hay SI, Force LM, Murray CJL. The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 2022; 400:563-591. [PMID: 35988567 PMCID: PMC9395583 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. METHODS The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. FINDINGS Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01-4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3-48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1-45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60-3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8-54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36-1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5-41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6-28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8-25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [27·9-42·8] and 33·3% [25·8-42·0]). INTERPRETATION The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Abbas H, Perna S, Shah A, Gasparri C, Rondanelli M. Efficacy and Safety of a Long-Term Multidisciplinary Weight Loss Intervention under Hospitalization in Aging Patients with Obesity: An Open Label Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163416. [PMID: 36014924 PMCID: PMC9415870 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of the hypocaloric diet under hospitalization on blood biochemical parameters (lipid, glycaemic, thyroid and liver profiles) were not reported in literature. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a hypocaloric diet under hospitalisation in obese patients. A total of 151 obese subjects (49 males and 102 females, aged 69.38 ± 14.1 years, BMI 41.78 ± 7.1) were enrolled in this study. Participants were treated with an hypocaloric diet for a maximum period of 3 months. Outcomes were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the recovery period. The average duration of the hospitalisation was 47.5 days ± 1.3. The effect of the diet on all the outcomes was evaluated using the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and the predictors of weight loss were identified using linear regression. The diet induced a reduction in the anthropometric (BMI decrease of -2.713 points) and DXA body measurements in addition to serum lipids, glucose, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels without affecting the muscle mass, liver and thyroid profiles. During the intervention, there was a positive shift in body composition favouring fat free mass (FFM). Lower insulin but higher serum calcium and potassium levels were predictors of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Abbas
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sakhir Campus, University of Bahrain, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sakhir Campus, University of Bahrain, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Afzal Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-381739
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Perna S, Bahar K, Alalwan TA, Zahid MN, Gasparri C, Peroni G, Faragli A, La Porta E, Ali Redha A, Janahi EM, Ibrahim S, Rondanelli M. COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Preventive Measures of University Students in Bahrain. Ann Ig 2022; 34:398-409. [PMID: 35700030 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2022.2507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severe, acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 that was first reported in China in December 2019 quickly became a global pandemic that has resulted in over 100 million infections and more than 2 million deaths. STUDY DESIGN This study aimed to assess the awareness level of university students regarding the possibility of becoming infected with COVID-19. In order to achieve this objective, we assessed the students' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors using an online survey questionnaire offered to a total of 300 students. RESULTS A positive response regarding awareness of COVID-19 symptoms was registered by more than 70% of the students, whereas 62% felt that wearing a mask did not give full protection against infection, approximately 30% agreed that antibiotics and antivirals did not treat COVID-19, and 62% agreed that vitamin C was helpful in treating common symptoms of COVID-19. Moreover, around 31% of the students believed that COVID-19 is a man-made virus. Students who had gotten infected with SARS-CoV-2 believed that wearing a mask gives full protection (p=0.018). In response to survey questions related to attitude, 80% of students cancelled and postponed meetings with friends, and 90% agreed that mask-wearing is the most precautionary measure used to prevent the infection. In addition, 82% avoided coughing in public, 82% avoided contact if they felt flu-like symptoms and 80% washed their hands far more often due to the pandemic. Interestingly, 76% carried hand sanitizer, 66.5% avoided shaking hands, and 42.7% were taking vitamin C supplements. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the participants had a positive awareness of COVID-19 transmission, symptoms, and treatments misconceptions and mistaken beliefs related to treatments and the origin of the virus were also common and should be addressed. This study thus provides a baseline for a population-based surveillance program that could help local authorities to improve pandemic preparation plans, particularly with regard to governmental education and media campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - K Bahar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - T A Alalwan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - M N Zahid
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - C Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Faragli
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - E La Porta
- Department of Cardionephrology, Istituto Clinico Ligure Di Alta Specialità (ICLAS), GVM Care and Research, Rapallo, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine (DiMi), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - A Ali Redha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - E M Janahi
- Independent Virologist, Al Janabiyah, Northern Governorate, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - S Ibrahim
- Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA 12 IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Negro M, Cerullo G, Perna S, Beretta-Piccoli M, Rondanelli M, Liguori G, Cena H, Phillips SM, Cescon C, D’Antona G. Effects of a Single Dose of a Creatine-Based Multi-Ingredient Pre-workout Supplement Compared to Creatine Alone on Performance Fatigability After Resistance Exercise: A Double-Blind Crossover Design Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:887523. [PMID: 35799580 PMCID: PMC9255897 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.887523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the acute effects of a single oral administration of a creatine-based multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement (MIPS) on performance fatigability and maximal force production after a resistance exercise protocol (REP). Methods Eighteen adult males (age: 23 ± 1 years; body mass: 76.4 ± 1.5 kg; height: 1.77 ± 0.01 m) were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design study. Subjects received a single dose of a MIPS (3 g of creatine, 2 g of arginine, 1 g of glutamine, 1 g of taurine, and 800 mg of β-alanine) or creatine citrate (CC) (3 g of creatine) or a placebo (PLA) in three successive trials 1 week apart. In a randomized order, participants consumed either MIPS, CC, or PLA and performed a REP 2 h later. Before ingestion and immediately after REP, subjects performed isometric contractions of the dominant biceps brachii: two maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs), followed by a 20% MVC for 90 s and a 60% MVC until exhaustion. Surface electromyographic indices of performance fatigability, conduction velocity (CV), and fractal dimension (FD) were obtained from the surface electromyographic signal (sEMG). Time to perform the task (TtT), basal blood lactate (BL), and BL after REP were also measured. Results Following REP, statistically significant (P < 0.05) pre–post mean for ΔTtT between MIPS (−7.06 s) and PLA (+0.222 s), ΔCV slopes (20% MVC) between MIPS (0.0082%) and PLA (−0.0519%) and for ΔCV slopes (60% MVC) between MIPS (0.199%) and PLA (−0.154%) were found. A pairwise comparison analysis showed no statistically significant differences in other variables between groups and condition vs. condition. Conclusion After REP, a creatine-enriched MIPS resulted in greater improvement of sEMG descriptors of performance fatigability and TtT compared with PLA. Conversely, no statistically significant differences in outcomes measured were observed between CC and PLA or MIPS and CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Negro
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale nelle Attività Motorie e Sportive (CRIAMS) – Sport Medicine Centre, University of Pavia, Voghera, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cerullo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain
| | - Matteo Beretta-Piccoli
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Hellas Cena
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici (ICS) Maugeri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stuart M. Phillips
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Corrado Cescon
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe D’Antona
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale nelle Attività Motorie e Sportive (CRIAMS) – Sport Medicine Centre, University of Pavia, Voghera, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giuseppe D’Antona,
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Perna S, Salman M, Gasparri C, Cavioni A, Faliva MA, Mansueto F, Naso M, Patelli Z, Peroni G, Tartara A, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Rondanelli M. Two, Six, and Twelve-Month Dropout Rate and Predictor Factors After a Multidisciplinary Residential Program for Obesity Treatment. A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:851802. [PMID: 35711533 PMCID: PMC9197160 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.851802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the present study was to assess the dropout rate at 2, 6, and 12 months after an inpatient multidisciplinary residential program (MRP) for the treatment of obesity. Furthermore, this study assessed anthropometric and biochemical predictors associated with the dropout. Methods Adult and elderly patients (age 59 ± 14 years) with obesity had undergone an MRP, were followed up from 2 to 12 months. Biochemical and anthropometric markers have been assessed at the beginning of the follow-up period after the MRP. Results The study enrolled 178 subjects, 117 women and 61 men. The overall dropout rate at 2 months was 21.3%, after 6 months was 44.4%, and after 1 year was 68.5%. There was no difference by gender recorded. Furthermore, patients under medical treatment with psychiatric disorders did not show an association with the dropout rate. Patients with a higher level of body mass index (BMI) at the discharge of MRP showed +48% of dropout at 6 months. After the MRP, the baseline values of uricemia and white blood cells (WBCs) resulted as predictors of dropout at 2 months (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the excess percentage of fat mass lost during the MRP was associated with the risk of dropout at 2, 6, and 12 months (p > 0.05). Conclusion The MRP for obesity is an opportunity for losing weight for patients with established criteria. The future challenge will be addressing the best strategic plans in order to reduce the dropout rate after this intervention. Investigating deeply the main predictors could be an opportunity to improve the long-term efficacy of MRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain
| | - Majeda Salman
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona 'Istituto Santa Margherita', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona 'Istituto Santa Margherita', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona 'Istituto Santa Margherita', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Mansueto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona 'Istituto Santa Margherita', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona 'Istituto Santa Margherita', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona 'Istituto Santa Margherita', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona 'Istituto Santa Margherita', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Tartara
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona 'Istituto Santa Margherita', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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La Porta E, Baiardi P, Fassina L, Faragli A, Perna S, Tovagliari F, Tallone I, Talamo G, Secondo G, Mazzarello G, Esposito V, Pasini M, Lupo F, Deferrari G, Bassetti M, Esposito C. The role of kidney dysfunction in COVID-19 and the influence of age. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8650. [PMID: 35606394 PMCID: PMC9125966 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12652-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is strongly influenced by age and comorbidities. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent finding in COVID-19 patients and seems to be associated to mortality and severity. On the other hand, the role of kidney dysfunction in COVID-19 is still debated. We performed a retrospective study in a cohort of 174 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Italy from March 3rd to May 21st 2020, to investigate the role of kidney dysfunction on COVID-19 severity and mortality. Moreover, we examined in depth the relationship between kidney function, age, and progression of COVID-19, also using different equations to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). We performed logistic regressions, while a predictive analysis was made through a machine learning approach. AKI and death occurred respectively in 10.2% and 19.5%, in our population. The major risk factors for mortality in our cohort were age [adjusted HR, 6.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-21.4] and AKI [3.36 (1.44-7.87)], while, in these relationships, GFR at baseline mitigated the role of age. The occurrence of AKI was influenced by baseline kidney function, D-dimer, procalcitonin and hypertension. Our predictive analysis for AKI and mortality reached an accuracy of ≥ 94% and ≥ 91%, respectively. Our study scales down the role of kidney function impairment on hospital admission , especially in elderly patients. BIS-1 formula demonstrated a worse performance to predict the outcomes in COVID-19 patients when compared with MDRD and CKD-EPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo La Porta
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy.
- Department of Internal Medicine (DiMi), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Paola Baiardi
- Scientific Direction, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fassina
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Faragli
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, Sakhir Campus, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain
| | | | - Ilaria Tallone
- Nephrology Department, Ospedale San Paolo, Savona, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Mazzarello
- Infectious Disease Clinic Genoa University, Ospedale San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vittoria Esposito
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Pasini
- Department of Cardionephrology, Istituto Clinico Ligure Di Alta Specialità (ICLAS), GVM Care and Research, Rapallo, GE, Italy
| | - Francesca Lupo
- Department of Cardionephrology, Istituto Clinico Ligure Di Alta Specialità (ICLAS), GVM Care and Research, Rapallo, GE, Italy
| | - Giacomo Deferrari
- Department of Internal Medicine (DiMi), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Cardionephrology, Istituto Clinico Ligure Di Alta Specialità (ICLAS), GVM Care and Research, Rapallo, GE, Italy
| | - Matteo Bassetti
- Infectious Disease Clinic Genoa University, Ospedale San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ciro Esposito
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Perna S, Alawadhi H, Riva A, Allegrini P, Petrangolini G, Gasparri C, Alalwan TA, Rondanelli M. In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Activity of Basil ( Ocimum spp.): Current Insights and Future Prospects. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102375. [PMID: 35625980 PMCID: PMC9139360 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a medicinal herb of the family Lamiaceae that contains a variety of potential bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolics, and essential oils. Ocimum basilicum can boost phagocytic action of neutrophils and immunostimulant effect, antimicrobial activity due to linalool by having inhibitory action toward all tested microorganism, and additionally, rosmarinic acid shows inhibition in DNA synthesis, as well as protein synthesis when experimented on hepatoma-derived cell line (HepG2), this resulted by lower DNA fragments plus suppression on caspase-3 activation, which blocks apoptosis. The aim of this review is to spotlight and discuss the anti-cancer activity of basil (Ocimum) and its implications in cancer prevention and treatment. Antioxidants and other bioactive compounds in basil leaves show important potential anti-cancer activity regards to cell death and viability inhibition, cytotoxicity, inducing apoptosis, slowing down tumor growth and especially on cell cycle arrest both in vivo and in vitro. Abstract Background: Cancer is an irregular proliferation of cells that starts with a gene mutation that alters cellular function, is triggered by several factors, and can be inherited or acquired. The aim of this review is to discuss the anticancer activity of basil and its components’ strength, focusing on its implication in cancer prevention and treatment. Methods: This systematic review involves all of the studies published from 1 January 2010 through 1 January 2022. Results: In this review, 16 research articles are included to discuss the potential anticancer ability of the extracts of various Ocimum basilicum varieties at various dosages, applied to different cancer cells. Of those 16 articles, 2 were in vivo studies, 13 were in vitro studies, and 1 study conducted both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Antioxidants and other bioactive compounds in basil leaves show important potential anticancer activity at dosage of 4 mg/mL as aqueous extract or essential oil up to 200 µg/mL could slow-down tumor growth and progression with regards to cell death and viability inhibition. At dosages from 50 to 500 µg/mL is effective as anti-proliferative activities. cytotoxicity, inducing apoptosis, slowing down tumor growth, and especially cell cycle arrest, both in vivo and in vitro. Human studies show effects at dosages from 1 to 2.5 mg/daily on general vital activities and on reducing cytokines activity. Conclusions: Based on 16 published studies, basil demonstrates important anticancer activities in vivo and vitro models, and it could act as a potential cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain; (H.A.); (T.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hajar Alawadhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain; (H.A.); (T.A.A.)
| | - Antonella Riva
- Development Department, Indena SpA, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (P.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Pietro Allegrini
- Development Department, Indena SpA, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (P.A.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Tariq A. Alalwan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain; (H.A.); (T.A.A.)
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Infantino V, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Allegrini P, Perna S, Iannello G, Peroni G, Gasparri C, Rondanelli M. The Use of Berberine in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Two Sides of
the Same Coin. A Bibliometric Analysis. CNF 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401317666211125101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
The increased prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes has
prompted scientists to look for new active and safe molecules that may help the prevention of metabolic
disorders: hyperglycemia, insulin-resistance and dyslipidemia. Berberine is an alkaloid
compound derived from plants, and it is largely used in traditional Chinese medicine. The aim of
this study is to investigate in SCOPUS and Web of Science (WOS) databases how the scientists
focused on the use of berberine against metabolic disorders, in human subjects. We carried A bibliometric
analysis of scientific literature and performed 2 searches: 1) “Berberine” AND “Diabetes”
AND “Diabetes Type 2”, 2) “Berberine” AND “Metabolic Syndrome”, both in ARTICLE
(Title/Abstract/Keyword) with a time limitation of 1st January, 2000 through 31st December,
2018, with the filter on “HUMAN” AND/OR “HUMANS”. The research sorted out 500 papers,
finding about 300 (60 %) in the first search definition and 200 (40 %) in the second. The refined
research sorted out 46 papers regarding the use of berberine in diabetes, and 40 articles on the use
of the alkaloid compound in metabolic syndrome. For both topics, we found increasing interest
between 2008 and 2009, with citation trends in a constant crescendo in the overall period studied.
These findings underlined that berberine is a safe and interesting botanical compound, especially
against chronic-metabolic disorder that affects billions of people globally, and emphasized that
scientists are interested in searching for long-term therapies that show no major adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia-27100, Italy
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research
and Development Unit, Indena, Milan-20139, Italy
| | | | | | - Simone Perna
- University of Bahrain, Department of Biology, College of Science,
Sakhir-32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Giancarlo Iannello
- General Management, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”,
Pavia-27100 Italy
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, Pavia,Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”,
University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Research
and Development Unit, Indena, Milan-20139, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia-27100, Italy
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