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Noujarède J, Carrié L, Garcia V, Grimont M, Eberhardt A, Mucher E, Genais M, Schreuder A, Carpentier S, Ségui B, Nieto L, Levade T, Puig S, Torres T, Malvehy J, Harou O, Lopez J, Dalle S, Caramel J, Gibot L, Riond J, Andrieu-Abadie N. Sphingolipid paracrine signaling impairs keratinocyte adhesion to promote melanoma invasion. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113586. [PMID: 38113139 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer due to its propensity to metastasize. It arises from melanocytes, which are attached to keratinocytes within the basal epidermis. Here, we hypothesize that, in addition to melanocyte-intrinsic modifications, dysregulation of keratinocyte functions could initiate early-stage melanoma cell invasion. We identified the lysolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) as a tumor paracrine signal from melanoma cells that modifies the keratinocyte transcriptome and reduces their adhesive properties, leading to tumor invasion. Mechanistically, tumor cell-derived S1P reduced E-cadherin expression in keratinocytes via S1P receptor dependent Snail and Slug activation. All of these effects were blocked by S1P2/3 antagonists. Importantly, we showed that epidermal E-cadherin expression was inversely correlated with the expression of the S1P-producing enzyme in neighboring tumors and the Breslow thickness in patients with early-stage melanoma. These findings support the notion that E-cadherin loss in the epidermis initiates the metastatic cascade in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Noujarède
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Lorry Carrié
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Garcia
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Maxime Grimont
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Anaïs Eberhardt
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France; Service de Dermatologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Elodie Mucher
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Matthieu Genais
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Schreuder
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Carpentier
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Ségui
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Nieto
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain & CIBER of Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Torres
- Melanoma Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain & CIBER of Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain & CIBER of Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivier Harou
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France; Service de Dermatologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Jonathan Lopez
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France; Service de Dermatologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Stéphane Dalle
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France; Service de Dermatologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Julie Caramel
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laure Gibot
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique, CNRS UMR5623, Toulouse, France
| | - Joëlle Riond
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Andrieu-Abadie
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
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masri AA, Carpentier S, Leroy F, battini S, Julien T, Maaloul F. 54 Skin-dose mapping for patients undergoing interventional radiology procedures: Clinical experimentations versus a Dose Archiving and Communication System. Phys Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.09.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Bilal F, Montfort A, Gilhodes J, Garcia V, Riond J, Carpentier S, Filleron T, Colacios C, Levade T, Daher A, Meyer N, Andrieu-Abadie N, Ségui B. Sphingomyelin Synthase 1 (SMS1) Downregulation Is Associated With Sphingolipid Reprogramming and a Worse Prognosis in Melanoma. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:443. [PMID: 31114500 PMCID: PMC6503817 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid (SL) metabolism alterations have been frequently reported in cancer including in melanoma, a bad-prognosis skin cancer. In normal cells, de novo synthesized ceramide is mainly converted to sphingomyelin (SM), the most abundant SL, by sphingomyelin synthase 1 (SMS1) and, albeit to a lesser extent, SMS2, encoded by the SGMS1 and SGMS2 genes, respectively. Alternatively, ceramide can be converted to glucosylceramide (GlcCer) by the GlcCer synthase (GCS), encoded by the UGCG gene. Herein, we provide evidence for the first time that SMS1 is frequently downregulated in various solid cancers, more particularly in melanoma. Accordingly, various human melanoma cells displayed a SL metabolism signature associated with (i) a robust and a low expression of UGCG and SGMS1/2, respectively, (ii) higher in situ enzyme activity of GCS than SMS, and (iii) higher intracellular levels of GlcCer than SM. SMS1 was expressed at low levels in most of the human melanoma biopsies. In addition, several mutations and increased CpG island methylation in the SGMS1 gene were identified that likely affect SMS1 expression. Finally, low SMS1 expression was associated with a worse prognosis in metastatic melanoma patients. Collectively, our study indicates that SMS1 downregulation in melanoma enhances GlcCer synthesis, triggering an imbalance in the SM/GlcCer homeostasis, which likely contributes to melanoma progression. Evaluating SMS1 expression level in tumor samples might serve as a biomarker to predict clinical outcome in advanced melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Bilal
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.,Ecole Doctorale de Sciences et Technologies, Université Libanaise, Beirut, Lebanon.,Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Montfort
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Virginie Garcia
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Joëlle Riond
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Carpentier
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Céline Colacios
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU Purpan, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Ahmad Daher
- Ecole Doctorale de Sciences et Technologies, Université Libanaise, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nicolas Meyer
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Andrieu-Abadie
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Ségui
- INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Guérin L, Carpentier S, Leroy F, Maaloul F. 54 Development of a model for predicting radiological risks in interventional cardiology. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Julien T, Carpentier S, Guérin L, Battini S, Maaloul F. 38 Feedback on the use of a DACS for five years in interventional cardiology. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Masri AA, Aktaou S, Carpentier S, Leroy F, Maaloul F. 41A Influence of radiation protection equipment on the operator and patient dosimetry in coronary angiography. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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7
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Carpentier S, van Gastel J, Schoenaers J, Carels C, Vander Poorten V, Coucke W, Verdonck A. Evaluation of transverse maxillary expansion after a segmental posterior subapical maxillary osteotomy in cleft lip and palate patients with severe collapse of the lateral maxillary segments. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 51:651-7. [PMID: 25368909 DOI: 10.1597/113-232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective : The purpose of this longitudinal retrospective study was to evaluate transverse maxillary expansion after a Schuchardt or segmental posterior subapical maxillary osteotomy (SPSMO) in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). A second aim was to compare these data with data for adult patients without CLP who were receiving a surgical assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE). Method : The study group comprised 19 patients with CLP and a severe transversally collapsed maxilla who were treated with SPSMO followed by hyrax expansion at the University Hospitals Leuven. Dental casts of the 19 patients were analyzed before treatment, at maximum expansion, during orthodontic treatment, at the completion of orthodontic treatment. and 2 years after orthodontic treatment and were measured at the canine, premolar, and molar levels. Adult patients without CLP who were enrolled in a prospective study served as the control group. Results : Maxillary expansion within the study group was significantly greater (P < .05) at all measured levels compared with the maxillary arch before treatment. No significant relapse was measured in the study group 2 years after orthodontic treatment. When comparing the study and control groups, the only statistical difference was that canine expansion was significantly greater in the study group. Conclusion : SPSMO followed by maxillary expansion and orthodontic treatment is an appropriate treatment option to correct a severe transversally collapsed maxilla in patients with CLP. The overall treatment effect of SPSMO expansion is comparable with the effects of SARPE, although canine expansion was greater in the SPSMO group.
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Ansite J, Balamurugan AN, Barbaro B, Battle J, Brandhorst D, Cano J, Chen X, Deng S, Feddersen D, Friberg A, Gilmore T, Goldstein JS, Holbrook E, Khan A, Kin T, Lei J, Linetsky E, Liu C, Luo X, McElvaney K, Min Z, Moreno J, O'Gorman D, Papas KK, Putz G, Ricordi C, Szot G, Templeton T, Wang L, Wilhelm JJ, Willits J, Wilson T, Zhang X, Avila J, Begley B, Cano J, Carpentier S, Holbrook E, Hutchinson J, Larsen CP, Moreno J, Sears M, Turgeon NA, Webster D, Deng S, Lei J, Markmann JF, Bridges ND, Czarniecki CW, Goldstein JS, Putz G, Templeton T, Wilson T, Eggerman TL, Al-Saden P, Battle J, Chen X, Hecyk A, Kissler H, Luo X, Molitch M, Monson N, Stuart E, Wallia A, Wang L, Wang S, Zhang X, Bigam D, Campbell P, Dinyari P, Kin T, Kneteman N, Lyon J, Malcolm A, O'Gorman D, Onderka C, Owen R, Pawlick R, Richer B, Rosichuk S, Sarman D, Schroeder A, Senior PA, Shapiro AMJ, Toth L, Toth V, Zhai W, Johnson K, McElroy J, Posselt AM, Ramos M, Rojas T, Stock PG, Szot G, Barbaro B, Martellotto J, Oberholzer J, Qi M, Wang Y, Bayman L, Chaloner K, Clarke W, Dillon JS, Diltz C, Doelle GC, Ecklund D, Feddersen D, Foster E, Hunsicker LG, Jasperson C, Lafontant DE, McElvaney K, Neill-Hudson T, Nollen D, Qidwai J, Riss H, Schwieger T, Willits J, Yankey J, Alejandro R, Corrales AC, Faradji R, Froud T, Garcia AA, Herrada E, Ichii H, Inverardi L, Kenyon N, Khan A, Linetsky E, Montelongo J, Peixoto E, Peterson K, Ricordi C, Szust J, Wang X, Abdulla MH, Ansite J, Balamurugan AN, Bellin MD, Brandenburg M, Gilmore T, Harmon JV, Hering BJ, Kandaswamy R, Loganathan G, Mueller K, Papas KK, Pedersen J, Wilhelm JJ, Witson J, Dalton-Bakes C, Fu H, Kamoun M, Kearns J, Li Y, Liu C, Luning-Prak E, Luo Y, Markmann E, Min Z, Naji A, Palanjian M, Rickels M, Shlansky-Goldberg R, Vivek K, Ziaie AS, Fernandez L, Kaufman DB, Zitur L, Brandhorst D, Friberg A, Korsgren O. Purified Human Pancreatic Islets, CIT Culture Media with Lisofylline or Exenatide. CellR4 Repair Replace Regen Reprogram 2017; 5:e2377. [PMID: 30613755 PMCID: PMC6319648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Mrad M, Imbert C, Garcia V, Rambow F, Therville N, Carpentier S, Ségui B, Levade T, Azar R, Marine JC, Diab-Assaf M, Colacios C, Andrieu-Abadie N. Downregulation of sphingosine kinase-1 induces protective tumor immunity by promoting M1 macrophage response in melanoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:71873-71886. [PMID: 27708249 PMCID: PMC5342129 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The infiltration of melanoma tumors by macrophages is often correlated with poor prognosis. However, the molecular signals that regulate the dialogue between malignant cells and the inflammatory microenvironment remain poorly understood. We previously reported an increased expression of sphingosine kinase-1 (SK1), which produces the bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), in melanoma. The present study aimed at defining the role of tumor SK1 in the recruitment and differentiation of macrophages in melanoma. Herein, we show that downregulation of SK1 in melanoma cells causes a reduction in the percentage of CD206highMHCIIlow M2 macrophages in favor of an increased proportion of CD206lowMHCIIhigh M1 macrophages into the tumor. This macrophage differentiation orchestrates T lymphocyte recruitment as well as tumor rejection through the expression of Th1 cytokines and chemokines. In vitro experiments indicated that macrophage migration is triggered by the binding of tumor S1P to S1PR1 receptors present on macrophages whereas macrophage differentiation is stimulated by SK1-induced secretion of TGF-β1. Finally, RNA-seq analysis of human melanoma tumors revealed a positive correlation between SK1 and TGF-β1 expression. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that melanoma SK1 plays a key role in the recruitment and phenotypic shift of the tumor macrophages that promote melanoma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite Mrad
- Université de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Inserm 1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Molecular Tumorigenesis and Anticancer Pharmacology, EDST, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Caroline Imbert
- Université de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Inserm 1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Garcia
- Université de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Inserm 1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nicole Therville
- Université de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Inserm 1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Carpentier
- Université de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Inserm 1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Ségui
- Université de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Inserm 1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- Université de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Inserm 1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Rania Azar
- Molecular Tumorigenesis and Anticancer Pharmacology, EDST, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | | | - Mona Diab-Assaf
- Molecular Tumorigenesis and Anticancer Pharmacology, EDST, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Céline Colacios
- Université de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Inserm 1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Andrieu-Abadie
- Université de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
- Inserm 1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Toulouse, France
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Mouttet D, Laé M, Caly M, Gentien D, Carpentier S, Peyro-Saint-Paul H, Vincent-Salomon A, Rouzier R, Sigal-Zafrani B, Sastre-Garau X, Reyal F. Estrogen-Receptor, Progesterone-Receptor and HER2 Status Determination in Invasive Breast Cancer. Concordance between Immuno-Histochemistry and MapQuant™ Microarray Based Assay. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146474. [PMID: 26829108 PMCID: PMC4735463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hormone receptor status and HER2 status are of critical interest in determining the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Their status is routinely assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). However, it is subject to intra-laboratory and inter-laboratory variability. The aim of our study was to compare the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2 status as determined by the MapQuant™ test to the routine immuno-histochemical tests in early stage invasive breast cancer in a large comprehensive cancer center. Patients and Methods We retrospectively studied 163 invasive early-stage breast carcinoma with standard IHC status. The genomic status was determined using the MapQuant™ test providing the genomic grade index. Results We found only 4 tumours out of 161 (2.5%) with discrepant IHC and genomic results concerning ER status. The concordance rate between the two methods was 97.5% and the Cohen’s Kappa coefficient was 0.89. Comparison between the MapQuant™ PR status and the PR IHC status gave more discrepancies. The concordance rate between the two methods was 91.4% and the Cohen’s Kappa coefficient was 0.74. The HER2 MapQuant™ test was classified as « undetermined » in 2 out of 163 cases (1.2%). One HER2 IHC-negative tumour was found positive with a high HER2 MapQuant™ genomic score. The concordance rate between the two methods was 99.3% and the Cohen’s Kappa coefficient was 0.86. Conclusion Our results show that the MapQuant™ assay, based on mRNA expression assay, provides an objective and quantitative assessment of Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor and HER2 status in invasive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Mouttet
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - M. Laé
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - M. Caly
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - D. Gentien
- Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - R. Rouzier
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | - F. Reyal
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Residual Tumor and Response to Treatment Team, Institut Curie, Department of Translational Research, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Maurice J, Carpentier S, Leroy F, Maaloul F. Overall management of radiological risks in interventional cardiology: Dose prediction, optimization and follow-up. Phys Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Soler L, Miller I, Nöbauer K, Carpentier S, Niewold T. Identification of the major regenerative III protein (RegIII) in the porcine intestinal mucosa as RegIIIγ, not RegIIIα. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015; 167:51-6. [PMID: 26187439 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During the last years, an antimicrobial protein from the RegIII family has been consistently identified as one of the main up-regulated mRNA transcripts in the pig small intestinal mucosa during different infections such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). This transcript has been mainly referred to in the literature as pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP/RegIIIα). However, the identity of this transcript has not been confirmed, and no evidence of its expression at the protein level is available in the literature, because the absence of a specific antibody. In this study, we first unequivocally identified the PAP/RegIII family protein mainly expressed in ETEC infected pig intestine as RegIIIγ by 2D-DIGE and MALDI-TOF/TOF. This shows that the pig differs from species like human and mice in that RegIIIγ (and not RegIIIα) might be the major RegIII isotype during intestinal infection. Immunoblotting analysis with a specifically generated polyclonal rabbit antibody revealed that pig RegIIIγ is expressed throughout the intestinal tract, but most abundantly in the ileum. Although a higher abundance of mRNA was paralleled by higher protein abundance, a lack of linear relationship was found between RegIIIγ mRNA and protein abundances in the jejunal mucosa, the latter most pronounced in the case of natural infection. This may be related to the secretory nature of RegIIIγ. This would mean that the antimicrobial protein RegIIIγ is a good candidate as a non-invasive faecal intestinal health biomarker in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Soler
- Livestock-Nutrition-Quality Division, Biosystems Department, Faculty of Biosciences Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, Heverlee 3001, Belgium
| | - I Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - K Nöbauer
- VetCore, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - S Carpentier
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, O&N II Herestraat 49 - Box 901, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - T Niewold
- Livestock-Nutrition-Quality Division, Biosystems Department, Faculty of Biosciences Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, Heverlee 3001, Belgium.
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Aernout EM, Carpentier S. [Early prenatal interview knowledge in post-partum women: Cross-sectional study in 2011 in Lille (France)]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 45:337-42. [PMID: 25998179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Early prenatal interview (EPI) is one of the flagship measures of the 2005-2007 perinatal strategy. It allows mothers to have a 45-minute interview, distinct from a medical consultation, promoting the expression of their expectations and medical, psychological or social difficulties. It should be routinely offered to all mothers in early pregnancy. The main objective of our study was to determine the proportion of women who had knowledge of Early prenatal interview and to profile women who knew it. Secondary objectives were to describe the EPI achievement rate and its terms of implementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS All women who gave birth between 16 and 20 January 2011 in one of the ten maternity hospitals of the Lille metropolis were interviewed during their stay in maternity. A mixed model logistic regression was made to draw the profile of women with knowledge of Early prenatal interview. RESULTS Of 311 women who gave birth during the study period, 270 were included in the survey. 148 patients (54.8 %) knew Early prenatal interview and 79 (29.3 %) had it. Women who had a high level of education were significantly more aware of this interview than those with low level of study. Other factors studied were not significantly related to knowledge of the EPI. CONCLUSION While the EPI should be routinely offered to all pregnant women, only half of the patients who give birth had heard about it during their pregnancy. Women of low educational level should be more targeted by professional performing this interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Aernout
- Réseau de santé en périnatalité de Lille Métropole, réseau Ombrel, DGID, université Lille Nord-de-France, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandres, 1, rue Eugène-Avinée, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
| | - S Carpentier
- Réseau de santé en périnatalité de Lille Métropole, réseau Ombrel, DGID, université Lille Nord-de-France, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandres, 1, rue Eugène-Avinée, 59037 Lille cedex, France
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Marx-Deseure A, Carpentier S, Thomas D, Bouquillon S, Delobel B, Bailleux B, Bomy H, Vaast P, Debarge V. [Birth of a child with Down syndrome: parental choice or failure of screening policy?]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 2015; 43:284-289. [PMID: 25813435 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Birth of a child with Down syndrome (DS) can follow parental choice or failure of screening. The objective of this work is to describe the circumstances of births of children with DS in a French perinatal health network. METHODS Retrospective multicentric study, with prospective trial registration of all children born alive with DS, between 2010 and 2013. RESULTS Sixty-three children were born with DS. Complete screening was performed by 61 % of patients, incomplete screening by 29 % of patients and no screening test by 10 %. Among these births, 50 % occurred following parental choice, 40 % following failure of screening and for 10 %, parental choice concerning screening was unknown. False negative had often calculating risk close to 1/1000. CONCLUSION In this study, the birth of a child with DS occurred following parental choice in half of cases. It's necessary, to optimize the follow-up, to document in medical records the medical information and parental choice concerning DS screening and data of screening when this was done.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marx-Deseure
- Pôle d'obstétrique, CHRU de Lille, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, avenue Eugène-Avinée, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
| | - S Carpentier
- Réseau de santé en périnatalité OMBREL, CHRU de Lille, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - D Thomas
- Pôle pédiatrie, CHRU de Lille, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, avenue Eugène-Avinée, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - S Bouquillon
- Pôle de biopathologie, laboratoire de cytogénétique, CHRU de Lille, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - B Delobel
- Laboratoire de génétique, hôpital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, 59020 Lille, France
| | - B Bailleux
- Réseau de santé en périnatalité OMBREL, CHRU de Lille, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - H Bomy
- Réseau de santé en périnatalité OMBREL, CHRU de Lille, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - P Vaast
- Pôle d'obstétrique, CHRU de Lille, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, avenue Eugène-Avinée, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - V Debarge
- Pôle d'obstétrique, CHRU de Lille, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, avenue Eugène-Avinée, 59037 Lille cedex, France; Université de Lille 2, 59000 Nord de France, France
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Janiak M, Kissel E, Van Dijck P, Carpentier S. THE UNKNOWN SHADOWS OF TREHALASE. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2015; 80:71-76. [PMID: 26630758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Each year brings new facts concerning multiple roles of sugar pathways in plant metabolism. One of them--the trehalose pathway--has been shown to play a role in stress signalling. The last enzyme of this pathway--trehalase--has been proven to be strongly expressed in guard cells. Modifications of its abundance cause changes in stomatal closure and response to abscisic acid. Our phenotypical studies of different mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana and Musa have enabled us to propose a new function of trehalase. It might play a role in the feedback of sucrose as a closing signal for stomata in reaction to an efficient photosynthesis. To characterize the phenotype we measured: the dynamic cumulative water loss, the dynamic leaf surface temperature, and the stomatal conductance. Based on the obtained results we have determined the time points for a proteomics study. The exact role of trehalase and related proteins in the proposed mechanism will be defined with multiple analysis including mass spectrophotometry and enzymatic activities. The samples will be collected from a wide type of plants including model organism (Arabidopsis--wild type, trehalase mutant plants) and crops (banana). The final results will shed light on the complete role of trehalase and the feedback pathway.
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Carpentier S, Royer B, Maaloul F, Leroy F. Development of a predictive model to reduce the patient radiation dose risk in interventional cardiology. Phys Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2014.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Carpentier S, van Gastel J, Schoenaers J, Carels C, Vander Poorten V, Coucke W, Verdonck A. Evaluation of Transverse Maxillary Expansion After a Segmental Posterior Subapical Maxillary Osteotomy in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients With Severe Collapse of the Lateral Maxillary Segments. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2014:140611123559002. [PMID: 24919125 DOI: 10.1597/13-232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective : The purpose of this longitudinal retrospective study was to evaluate transverse maxillary expansion after a Schuchardt or segmental posterior subapical maxillary osteotomy (SPSMO) in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). A second aim was to compare these data with data for adult patients without CLP who were receiving a surgical assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE). Method : The study group comprised 19 patients with CLP and a severe transversally collapsed maxilla who were treated with SPSMO followed by hyrax expansion at the University Hospitals Leuven. Dental casts of the 19 patients were analyzed before treatment, at maximum expansion, during orthodontic treatment, at the completion of orthodontic treatment. and 2 years after orthodontic treatment and were measured at the canine, premolar, and molar levels. Adult patients without CLP who were enrolled in a prospective study served as the control group. Results : Maxillary expansion within the study group was significantly greater (P < .05) at all measured levels compared with the maxillary arch before treatment. No significant relapse was measured in the study group 2 years after orthodontic treatment. When comparing the study and control groups, the only statistical difference was that canine expansion was significantly greater in the study group. Conclusion : SPSMO followed by maxillary expansion and orthodontic treatment is an appropriate treatment option to correct a severe transversally collapsed maxilla in patients with CLP. The overall treatment effect of SPSMO expansion is comparable with the effects of SARPE, although canine expansion was greater in the SPSMO group.
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Carpentier S, Schoenaers J, Carels C, Verdonck A. Cranio-maxillofacial, orthodontic and dental treatment in three patients with Apert syndrome. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2014; 15:281-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-013-0105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Objective To determine whether patients with neuropsychiatric (NP) events attributed to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have more global disease activity than patients with NP events not attributed to SLE. Methods Patients were recruited from an academic lupus clinic. Global disease activity was measured with the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) and organ damage with the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) damage index (SDI). NP disease was defined using the ACR case definitions and decision rules for attribution of NP events to SLE and non-SLE causes. Results There were 68 patients (age (mean ± SD) 40.8 ± 15.2 years, 85% female, 94% Caucasians) with 126 NP events. SLEDAI-2K scores in patients with NP events attributed to SLE were higher than in patients with NP events attributed to non-SLE causes even when NP variables were removed from the SLEDAI-2K (mean ± SD: SLE NP = 7.36 ± 5.42 vs non-SLE NP = 5.53 ± 4.57, P = 0.042). Patients with CNS and diffuse NP events, rather that PNS and focal events, accounted for the group differences in SLEDAI-2K scores. There were no significant differences in total SDI scores comparing NP events due to SLE vs. non-SLE causes (mean ± SD: 2.1 ± 1.8 vs. 1.7 ± 1.7; p = 0.28) even when NP variables were omitted. Conclusions Increased global SLE disease activity is associated with concurrent NP events attributed to SLE, particularly for diffuse NP and CNS NP events. The findings have diagnostic and therapeutic implications for SLE patients with NP events and inform pathogenetic mechanisms underlying NPSLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S Doucette
- Research Methods Unit and Department of Community Health and Epidemiology
| | - JG Hanly
- Division of Rheumatology
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Dalhousie University and Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Dyment DA, Sell E, Vanstone MR, Smith AC, Garandeau D, Garcia V, Carpentier S, Le Trionnaire E, Sabourdy F, Beaulieu CL, Schwartzentruber JA, McMillan HJ, Majewski J, Bulman DE, Levade T, Boycott KM. Evidence for clinical, genetic and biochemical variability in spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy. Clin Genet 2013; 86:558-63. [PMID: 24164096 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy (SMA-PME) is a recently delineated, autosomal recessive condition caused by rare mutations in the N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1 (acid ceramidase) ASAH1 gene. It is characterized by motor neuron disease followed by progressive myoclonic seizures and eventual death due to respiratory insufficiency. Here we report an adolescent female who presented with atonic and absence seizures and myoclonic jerks and was later diagnosed as having myoclonic-absence seizures. An extensive genetic and metabolic work-up was unable to arrive at a molecular diagnosis. Whole exome sequencing (WES) identified two rare, deleterious mutations in the ASAH1 gene: c.850G>T;p.Gly284X and c.456A>C;p.Lys152Asn. These mutations were confirmed by Sanger sequencing in the patient and her parents. Functional studies in cultured fibroblasts showed that acid ceramidase was reduced in both overall amount and enzymatic activity. Ceramide level was doubled in the patient's fibroblasts as compared to control cells. The results of the WES and the functional studies prompted an electromyography (EMG) study that showed evidence of motor neuron disease despite only mild proximal muscle weakness. These findings expand the phenotypic spectrum of SMA-PME caused by novel mutations in ASAH1 and highlight the clinical utility of WES for rare, intractable forms of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Dyment
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Gnofam M, Muller D, Meriaux M, Carpentier S, Deruelle P. Influence de la pression atmosphérique et de ses variations sur la rupture prématurée des membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 42:678-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Adachi JI, Totake K, Shirahata M, Mishima K, Suzuki T, Yanagisawa T, Fukuoka K, Nishikawa R, Arimappamagan A, Manoj N, Mahadevan A, Bhat D, Arvinda H, Indiradevi B, Somanna S, Chandramouli B, Petterson SA, Hermansen SK, Dahlrot RH, Hansen S, Kristensen BW, Carvalho F, Jalali S, Singh S, Croul S, Aldape K, Zadeh G, Choi J, Park SH, Khang SK, Suh YL, Kim SP, Lee YS, Kim SH, Coberly S, Samayoa K, Liu Y, Kiaei P, Hill J, Patterson S, Damore M, Dahiya S, Emnett R, Phillips J, Haydon D, Leonard J, Perry A, Gutmann D, Epari S, Ahmed S, Gurav M, Raikar S, Moiyadi A, Shetty P, Gupta T, Jalali R, Georges J, Zehri A, Carlson E, Martirosyan N, Elhadi A, Nichols J, Ighaffari L, Eschbacher J, Feuerstein B, Anderson T, Preul M, Jensen K, Nakaji P, Girardi H, Monville F, Carpentier S, Giry M, Voss J, Jenkins R, Boisselier B, Frayssinet V, Poggionovo C, Catteau A, Mokhtari K, Sanson M, Peyro-Saint-Paul H, Giannini C, Hide T, Nakamura H, Makino K, Yano S, Anai S, Shinojima N, Kuroda JI, Takezaki T, Kuratsu JI, Higuchi F, Matsuda H, Iwata K, Ueki K, Kim P, Kong J, Cooper L, Wang F, Gao J, Teodoro G, Scarpace L, Mikkelsen T, Schniederjan M, Moreno C, Saltz J, Brat D, Cho U, Hong YK, Lee YS, Lober R, Lu L, Gephart MH, Fisher P, Miyazaki M, Nishihara H, Itoh T, Kato M, Fujimoto S, Kimura T, Tanino M, Tanaka S, Nguyen N, Moes G, Villano JL, Nishihara H, Kanno H, Kato Y, Tanaka S, Ohnishi T, Harada H, Ohue S, Kouno S, Inoue A, Yamashita D, Okamoto S, Nitta M, Muragaki Y, Maruyama T, Sawada T, Komori T, Saito T, Okada Y, Omay SB, Gunel JM, Clark VE, Li J, Omay EZE, Serin A, Kolb LE, Hebert RM, Bilguvar K, Ozduman K, Pamir MN, Kilic T, Baehring J, Piepmeier JM, Brennan CW, Huse J, Gutin PH, Yasuno K, Vortmeyer A, Gunel M, Perry A, Pugh S, Rogers CL, Brachman D, McMillan W, Jenrette J, Barani I, Shrieve D, Sloan A, Mehta M, Prabowo A, Iyer A, Veersema T, Anink J, Meeteren ASV, Spliet W, van Rijen P, Ferrier T, Capper D, Thom M, Aronica E, Chharchhodawala T, Sable M, Sharma MC, Sarkar C, Suri V, Singh M, Santosh V, Thota B, Srividya M, Sravani K, Shwetha S, Arivazhagan A, Thennarasu K, Chandramouli B, Hegde A, Kondaiah P, Somasundaram K, Rao M, Santosh V, Kumar VP, Thota B, Shastry A, Arivazhagan A, Thennarasu K, Kondaiah P, Shastry A, Narayan R, Thota B, Somanna S, Thennarasu K, Arivazhagan A, Santosh V, Shastry A, Naz S, Thota B, Thennarasu K, Arivazhagan A, Somanna S, Santosh V, Kondaiah P, Venneti S, Garimella M, Sullivan L, Martinez D, Huse J, Heguy A, Santi M, Thompson C, Judkins A, Voronovich Z, Chen L, Clark K, Walsh M, Mannas J, Horbinski C, Wiestler B, Capper D, Holland-Letz T, Korshunov A, von Deimling A, Pfister SM, Platten M, Weller M, Wick W, Zieman G, Dardis C, Ashby L, Eschbacher J. PATHOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Carpentier S, Ghijselings E, Schoenaers J, Carels C, Verdonck A. Enamel defects on the maxillary premolars in patients with cleft lip and/or palate: a retrospective case-control study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2013; 15:159-65. [PMID: 24101590 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-013-0078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of developmental defects of enamel on maxillary premolars in patients with cleft lip and/or palate. In addition, the relationship with the surgical technique of soft palate closure was studied. Such a relationship could be suspected since formation of enamel occurs around the same time period as soft palate closure. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study consisted of three groups. Patients from the first group (n = 123) were recruited from the Cleft Lip and Palate Team of the University Hospitals Leuven (CLPT-UHL). The second group (n = 81) consisted of patients consulting the Cleft Lip and Palate Team of the Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen (CLPT-UMCN). Healthy non-cleft lip and/or palate patients (n = 100) recruited from a private orthodontic practice were enrolled in group 3. All maxillary premolars were examined. RESULTS Out of the total sample, 43 patients showed developmental defects on one or more premolars. All defects occurred in patients of group 1 who received surgical closure by the CLPT-UHL. None of the patients from group 2 and 3 showed defects. CONCLUSIONS It can be suggested that the surgical technique, used by the CLPT-UHL for soft palate closure, causes these defects. It is postulated that the technique used by the CLPT-UHL leads to interference with the blood supply of the developing premolar at a critical stage of tooth enamel development. More research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Carpentier
- Department of Oral Health Sciences-Orthodontics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Lamalle P, Beaumont B, Kazarian F, Gassmann T, Agarici G, Ajesh P, Alonzo T, Arambhadiya B, Argouarch A, Bamber R, Berger-By G, Bernard JM, Brun C, Carpentier S, Clairet F, Colas L, Courtois X, Davis A, Dechelle C, Doceul L, Dumortier P, Durodié F, Ferlay F, Firdaouss M, Fredd E, Giacalone JC, Goulding R, Greenough N, Grine D, Hancock D, Hari J, Hillairet J, Hosea J, Huygen S, Jacquinot J, Jacquot J, Kaye A, Keller D, Kyrytsya V, Lockley D, Louche F, Machchhar H, Manon E, Mantel N, Martin R, McCarthy M, Messiaen A, Meunier L, Milanesio D, Missirlian M, Mohan K, Mukherjee A, Nightingale M, Patadia D, Patel A, Perrollaz G, Peters B, Pitts R, Porton M, Rajnish K, Rasmussen D, Rathi D, Sanabria R, Sartori R, Shannon M, Simonetto A, Singh R, Suthar G, Swain D, Thomas P, Tigwell P, Trivedi R, Vervier M, Vrancken M, Wilson D, Winkler K. Status of the ITER Ion Cyclotron H&CD system. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Schoenaers J, Carpentier S, Coucke W, van Gastel J, Carels C, Verdonck A. Stability of transverse maxillary expansion after segmental posterior subapical maxillary osteotomy (SPSMO) in cleft lip and palate patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Alves MQ, Le Trionnaire E, Ribeiro I, Carpentier S, Harzer K, Levade T, Ribeiro MG. Molecular basis of acid ceramidase deficiency in a neonatal form of Farber disease: identification of the first large deletion in ASAH1 gene. Mol Genet Metab 2013; 109:276-81. [PMID: 23707712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Farber disease, also known as Farber's lipogranulomatosis, is a clinically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the ASAH1 gene. This gene codes for acid ceramidase, a lysosomal heterodimeric enzyme that hydrolyzes ceramide into sphingosine and fatty acid. To date, less than 25 distinct mutations have been identified in Farber patients, but no large deletions have yet been reported. In this work, cultured fibroblasts from a Farber patient with the rare neonatal form of Farber disease were studied to elucidate the molecular basis of this extremely severe phenotype. Direct sequencing of ASAH1 genomic DNA revealed the causative heterozygous mutation in the donor splice site consensus sequence of intron 11, g.24491A > G (c.917 + 4A > G), that resulted in the absence of detectable mRNA. Subsequent analysis of ASAH1 mRNA showed total skipping of exons 3 to 5. Long-range PCR and sequencing led to the identification of a gross deletion of ASAH1 gene, g.8728_18197del (c.126-3941_382 + 1358del) predicting the synthesis of a truncated polypeptide, p.Tyr42_Leu127delinsArgfs*10. Accordingly, no molecular forms corresponding to precursor or proteolytically processed mature protein were observed. These findings indicate that any functionally active acid ceramidase is absent in patient cells, underscoring the severity of the clinical phenotype. Molecular findings in the non-consanguineous parents confirmed the compound heterozygous ASAH1 genotype identified in this Farber case. This work unravels for the first time the mutations underlying the neonatal form of Farber disease and represents the first report of a large deletion identified in the ASAH1 gene. Screening for gross deletions in other patients in whom the mutation present in the second allele had not yet been identified is required to elucidate further its overall contribution for the molecular pathogenesis of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Q Alves
- Genetic Department, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSARJ), Oporto, Portugal
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Carpentier S, Royer B, Leroy F, Maaloul F. Development of an innovative approach to predict and reduce the patient radiation dose risk in interventional cardiology. Phys Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2013.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Alayoubi AM, Wang JCM, Au BCY, Carpentier S, Garcia V, Dworski S, El-Ghamrasni S, Kirouac KN, Exertier MJ, Xiong ZJ, Privé GG, Simonaro CM, Casas J, Fabrias G, Schuchman EH, Turner PV, Hakem R, Levade T, Medin JA. Systemic ceramide accumulation leads to severe and varied pathological consequences. EMBO Mol Med 2013; 5:827-42. [PMID: 23681708 PMCID: PMC3779446 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Farber disease (FD) is a severe inherited disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by deficient lysosomal acid ceramidase (ACDase) activity, resulting in ceramide accumulation. Ceramide and metabolites have roles in cell apoptosis and proliferation. We introduced a single-nucleotide mutation identified in human FD patients into the murine Asah1 gene to generate the first model of systemic ACDase deficiency. Homozygous Asah1P361R/P361R animals showed ACDase defects, accumulated ceramide, demonstrated FD manifestations and died within 7–13 weeks. Mechanistically, MCP-1 levels were increased and tissues were replete with lipid-laden macrophages. Treatment of neonates with a single injection of human ACDase-encoding lentivector diminished the severity of the disease as highlighted by enhanced growth, decreased ceramide, lessened cellular infiltrations and increased lifespans. This model of ACDase deficiency offers insights into the pathophysiology of FD and the roles of ACDase, ceramide and related sphingolipids in cell signaling and growth, as well as facilitates the development of therapy.
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Tarrerias AL, Costil V, Vicari F, Létard JC, Adenis-Lamarre P, Aisène A, Batistelli D, Bonnaud G, Carpentier S, Dalbiès P, Ecuer S, Etienne J, Fantoli M, Grunberg B, Lannoy P, Lapuelle J, Margulies A, Neumeier M, Rouillon JM, Schmets L, Pingannaud MP, Coulom P, Kholer F, Canard JM. The effect of inactivated Lactobacillus LB fermented culture medium on symptom severity: observational investigation in 297 patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Dig Dis 2011; 29:588-91. [PMID: 22179215 DOI: 10.1159/000332987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about the intensity of symptoms of diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) or the consequences of the disease on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This observational investigation assessed the symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, number of stools per day, and stool consistency), impact on HRQOL, and consequence on anal continence in 297 patients with IBS-D before and after 1 month of probiotic treatment with Lacteol (inactivated Lactobacillus LB plus fermented culture medium). METHODS Functional assessment using a standardized visual analogue scale in order to quantify abdominal pain, bloating, and quality of life before and after 1 month of treatment with 2 capsules/day of Lacteol. The number of symptomatic days per week, number of stools, consistency of stools, secondary fecal incontinence rate, and potential trigger effect of food were quantified. A χ2 test was used to compare qualitative data and the variance of quantitative criteria was analyzed. RESULTS The pain score decreased from 4.46±0.15 on a scale of 0-10 before treatment to 2.8±0.14 after treatment (p<0.0001). Bloating decreased from 4.49±0.18 to 2.5±0.15 on a scale of 0-10 (p<0.0001). The HRQOL score, which is inversely correlated with quality of life, decreased from 5.99±0.14 to 3.92±0.16 (p<0.0001). In this cohort study, the fecal incontinence rate secondary to diarrhea was clearly higher than that of the general population: 18% versus a prevalence of 9-10%, according to different studies. The mean number of stools per week decreased from 17.59 to 12.83 after treatment (p<0.0001). Before treatment, 54% of patients had watery stools and 46% had smooth stools; at the end of treatment, only 18.5% of patients still had watery stools, and 34% had normal stools. 52% of patients attributed their symptoms to their diet: 34% to vegetables, 29% to fruit, 15% to milk, 15% to fat, 6% to peppers and spices, and 4% to sugar. CONCLUSION This observational investigation shed new light on patients with IBS-D, the HRQOL of which is altered by a fecal incontinence rate twice as high as that of the general population. Correlation with diet is confirmed by 1 out of 2 patients reporting poor tolerance of fiber and dairy products. Nutritional management should thus be part of these patients' treatment. Inactivated Lactobacillus LB plus fermented culture medium is a probiotic drug that has been used by physicians for a long time to treat patients with diarrhea. Strongly concentrated, it has no side effects and seems to help these patients. Due to a strong placebo effect in patients with this pathology, however, a controlled study is necessary to confirm this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Tarrerias
- Hôpital Foch, 40, rue Worth, FR–92151 Suresnes, France.
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Azambre B, Zenboury L, Da Costa P, Capela S, Carpentier S, Westermann A. Palladium catalysts supported on sulfated ceria–zirconia for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by methane: Catalytic performances and nature of active Pd species. Catal Today 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Popa I, Therville N, Carpentier S, Levade T, Cuvillier O, Portoukalian J. Production of multiple brain-like ganglioside species is dispensable for fas-induced apoptosis of lymphoid cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19974. [PMID: 21629700 PMCID: PMC3101221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of an acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) leading to a biosynthesis of GD3 disialoganglioside has been associated with Fas-induced apoptosis of lymphoid cells. The present study was undertaken to clarify the role of this enzyme in the generation of gangliosides during apoptosis triggered by Fas ligation. The issue was addressed by using aSMase-deficient and aSMase-corrected cell lines derived from Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) patients. Fas cross-linking elicited a rapid production of large amounts of complex a- and b-series species of gangliosides with a pattern and a chromatographic behavior as single bands reminiscent of brain gangliosides. The gangliosides were synthesized within the first ten minutes and completely disappeared within thirty minutes after stimulation. Noteworthy is the observation that GD3 was not the only ganglioside produced. The production of gangliosides and the onset of apoptotic hallmarks occurred similarly in both aSMase-deficient and aSMase-corrected NPD lymphoid cells, indicating that aSMase activation is not accountable for ganglioside generation. Hampering ganglioside production by inhibiting the key enzyme glucosylceramide synthase did not abrogate the apoptotic process. In addition, GM3 synthase-deficient lymphoid cells underwent Fas-induced apoptosis, suggesting that gangliosides are unlikely to play an indispensable role in transducing Fas-induced apoptosis of lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Popa
- Laboratoire de Recherche Dermatologique, EA4169 Université de Lyon-1, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Nicole Therville
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Toulouse, France
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Carpentier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Toulouse, France
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Toulouse, France
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (TL); (OC); (JP)
| | - Olivier Cuvillier
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (TL); (OC); (JP)
| | - Jacques Portoukalian
- Laboratoire de Recherche Dermatologique, EA4169 Université de Lyon-1, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (TL); (OC); (JP)
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Walia JS, Neschadim A, Lopez-Perez O, Alayoubi A, Fan X, Carpentier S, Madden M, Lee CJ, Cheung F, Jaffray DA, Levade T, McCart JA, Medin JA. Autologous transplantation of lentivector/acid ceramidase-transduced hematopoietic cells in nonhuman primates. Hum Gene Ther 2011; 22:679-87. [PMID: 21280983 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2010.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Farber disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) that manifests due to acid ceramidase (AC) deficiencies and ceramide accumulation. We present a preclinical gene therapy study for Farber disease employing a lentiviral vector (LV-huAC/huCD25) in three enzymatically normal nonhuman primates. Autologous, mobilized peripheral blood (PB) cells were transduced and infused into fully myelo-ablated recipients with tracking for at least 1 year. Outcomes were assessed by measuring the AC specific activity, ceramide levels, vector persistence/integration, and safety parameters. We observed no hematological, biochemical, radiological, or pathological abnormalities. Hematological recovery occurred by approximately 3 weeks. Vector persistence was observed in PB and bone marrow (BM) cells by qualitative and quantitative PCR. We did not observe any clonal proliferation of PB and BM cells. Importantly, AC-specific activity was detected above normal levels in PB and BM cells analyzed post-transplantation and in spleens and livers at the endpoint of the study. Decreases of ceramide in PB cells as well as in spleen and liver tissues were seen. We expect that this study will provide a roadmap for implementation of clinical gene therapy protocols targeting hematopoietic cells for Farber disease and other LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdeep S Walia
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 2M1, Canada
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Reyal F, Bollet M, Caly M, Hajage D, Carpentier S, Peyro-Saint-Paul H, Pierga JY, Sigal-Zafrani B, Vincent-Salomon A, Sastre X. Abstract P3-10-09: Genomic Grade Index (GGI): Tumor Grading Performance and Prognostic Value Compared to Ki67 and Mitotic Index in Early Invasive Breast Cancer — A Reference Centre Experience. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p3-10-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Genomic grading represents a molecular approach to tumor grading. The GGI is a 97-gene assay which improves tumor grading by resolving histological grade (HG) 2 into high or low genomic grade. GGI carries added clinical value particularly in ER+/HER2-/N0 tumors where grade is a key decision factor for adjuvant treatment. The GGI algorithm has been validated for use in routine practice, including the definition of an appropriate cut-off and statistical confidence interval corresponding to a 3:1 odds-ratio. This study aimed at retrospectively testing the GGI classification performance and prognostic value in a series of 169 early breast cancers from a comprehensive cancer centre. Methods: Female breast cancers from the Institut Curie Database were selected on the following criteria: small size (pT1-2), node negative (pN0), 10-year follow-up data, availability of extracted RNA and frozen tissue. Genomic profiles were obtained using Affymetrix HGU133 Plus 2.0 gene chips. GGI was computed using Ipsogen MapQuant Dx®. Elston-Ellis (EE) grade, mitotic index (MI, mitosis/mm2), and Ki-67 IHC (continuous -% of positive cells-, or binary-median=20%-) were assessed retrospectively on the most representative tumor block in routine conditions by several pathologists. The GGI, pathological features, and proliferation markers were correlated. Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier, with comparisons using the logrank test and hazard ratios estimated using Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Profiles were obtained in 163 cases (96%).Tumor size ranged from 7 to 45 mm. 86% of tumors were ER+, and 94% were HER2-, 32.5% were EE-1, 43% EE-2 (76% mitotic score 1 and 24% mitotic score 2-3), 24.5% EE-3. Chemotherapy was given to 11 patients. Median follow-up was 12.9 yrs [0.5-15.2 yrs]. GGI classified 79% of all cases with a 95 % concordance with HG1 and HG3, and reclassified 69% of HG2 tumors (50% GGI-1 and 19% GGI-3). Concordance was 81% between Ki67 and GGI. In the ER+/HER2-/no chemotherapy subgroup (n=126), using GGI and Ki67 as continuous variables, GGI was the only significant factor in multivariate Cox regression including EE, age and size (GGI: HR=2.36 and p=0.005; Ki67: HR=1.02 and p=0.11). This was also true when GGI and Ki67 were analyzed as binary indexes (GGI: HR=5.23, p=0.02; Ki67: HR=2.44 and p=0.13). Relative risk (RR) were 4, 2.55 and 2.85 for GGI, Ki67 and MI resp. (p=0.007, p=0.052 and p=0.053). In the ER+/HG2 cohort (n=63, 10 metastasis events), RR were 3.27 and 1.78 for GGI and Ki67, none reaching statistical significance, certainly due to insufficient statistical power issue. Conclusion: In a cohort of pT1-2, pN0 early invasive breast cancers, GGI has a 95% concordance with EE grading (1 and 3) and reclassifies 69% of EE-2 tumors. In ER+/pN0/HER2- breast cancer, GGI, either continuous or binary, has a higher prognostic value than Ki67 or MI. In a reference comprehensive cancer centre setting, GGI should add clinical information in this particular breast cancer subgroup where adjuvant treatment decision remains a routine challenge.
GGI and EE tumor grading: contingency table
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-10-09.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Reyal
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - M Bollet
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - M Caly
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - D Hajage
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - S Carpentier
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | | | - J-Y Pierga
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - X. Sastre
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
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Reyal F, Bollet M, Caly M, Hajage D, Carpentier S, Peyro-Saint-Paul H, Pierga JY, Sigal-Zafrani B, Vincent-Salomon A, Sastre X. Abstract P5-13-11: Medico-Economic Assessment of the Genomic Grade Index on Adjuvant Treatment Strategy in Elston-Ellis Grade 2, Estrogen Receptor Positive, HER2 Negative, Node Negative, Small Size Breast Carcinomas. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p5-13-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Elston-Ellis grading (EE) is one of the key criteria for adjuvant therapy decision in ER+/HER2-/pN0/pT1 -2 tumors. The genomic grade index (GGI) is a 97-gene micro-array assay able to identify tumors of high or low genomic grade. GGI has been developed in order to improve the prognosis determination, especially in EE2 tumors which represent a significant proportion of breast carcinomas and where the inter-assessor variability is the highest. The aim of the present study was to model the influence of the GGI on adjuvant treatment decision in EE2 patients, using a cohort of ER+/HER2-/pN0/pT1-2 tumors.
Methods: A randomly selected series of pT1-2, pN0 breast cancers from the Institut Curie 1995-1996 cohort was profiled using Affymetrix HGU133 Plus 2.0 gene chips. The GGI was calculated using Ipsogen Mapßuant Dx®. Treatment decisions were made for EE2 cases based on the Institut Curie adjuvant treatment guidelines (www.curie.fr). The treatment decision algorithm was firstly run using the grade as defined by Elston Ellis, and secondly using the GGI (undetermined cases were classified as grade2).
Results: Out of 72 EE2 tumors, 35 were classified as GGI-1 (49%) and 13 (18%) as GGI-3. Based on EE, 7% of patients would have received adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) alone (all were ER-/PR-), 50% adjuvant hormonal therapy (AHT) alone, and 43% both. Using the GGI, 7% (n=5) of patients would have been spared AHT and 10% (n=7) ACT. In the ER+/HER2- subgroup of 62 pts, 58% of patients would have received AHT alone and 42% AHT+ACT based on EE; GGI would have lead to a 14% reduction in AHT prescription and to a 26% reduction in ACT prescription. Conclusion: Applying the Genomic Grade Index instead of the Elston Ellis Grade to determine the adjuvant treatment strategy in a series of EE2/ER+/HER2-/pN0/pT1-2 breast carcinomas would lead to a 14% and 27% reduction in the administration of, respectively, adjuvant hormone-therapy and chemotherapy.
Adjuvant treatment decision: models based on Elston-Ellis or Genomic Grading
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-13-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Reyal
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - M Bollet
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - M Caly
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - D Hajage
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - S Carpentier
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - H Peyro-Saint-Paul
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - J-Y Pierga
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - B Sigal-Zafrani
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - A Vincent-Salomon
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - X. Sastre
- Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Curie, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
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Peyro-Saint-Paul H, Tagett R, Carpentier S, Catteau A. Abstract P3-10-08: Combining Genomic Grade and NPI Refines Risk Group Classification. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p3-10-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) is a clinically validated prognostic model which predicts survival for patients with early primary breast cancer. The NPI combines information on tumor size, lymph node stage and tumor grade and stratifies patients into risk groups useful for treatment decisions. Classically, NPI defines 5 risk categories: Excellent, Good, Moderate I, Moderate II and Poor Prognostic Group (EPG, GPG, MPGI, MPGII and PPG). However, the value of NPI to identify EPG patients has recently being challenged. The Genomic Grade Index (GGI) is a 97-gene test which has been shown to improve tumor grading by resolving the intermediate Histological Grade (HG) 2 tumors into high or low Genomic Grades. In this study, we investigated the potential of GGI to refine the NPI classification, and especially to discriminate patients with the lowest risk.
Material and methods:Breast cancer microarray profiles from node negative, untreated patients with the required clinical and pathological information were retrieved from 3 public databases. GGI was calculated using the Ipsogen MapQuant Dx® protocol which defines two classes, GG1 and GG3 (results falling in the CI are reported as Undetermined, “UD”). Standard NPI was calculated based on HG according to the usual formula: [0.2 x tumor size (cm) + HG(1-3) + LN stage (I-III)]. NPI scores were also calculated using GGI (“G-NPI”): the HG was replaced by the GG in the equation, and UD patients were given a value of 2 for tumor grade. Patients were classified into prognostic groups (cut-offs 2.4, 3.4 and 5.4) for both NPI (EPG, GPG, MPG and PPG) and G-NPI (G-EPG, G-GPG, G-MPG and G-PPG). NPI and G-NPI risk classifications were compared and prognostic performances were analyzed using Kaplan Meier survival curves (10-yr MFS).
Results:Unique microarray expression profiles with adequate MapQuant Dx® quality criteria and relevant clinical information were identified for 472 patients. HG was distributed as follows: 18 % HG1, 52 % HG2 and 30% HG3 with size ranging from 0.1 to 6 cm (mean = 2.1 cm). HG2 cases (n=246) were reclassified into 47% GG1 and 28% GG3, with 25% remaining UD. There were no patients classified in the PPG, using the standard NPI or the G-NPI. Comparison of risk group classification showed that G-NPI globally shifted patients from low to better prognostic groups: 28% of patients were classified in the G-EPG as opposed to only 12% in the EPG [Table 1]. Within the HG2 subgroup, none of the patients were classified in the EPG by standard NPI, while 75 patients were classified in this group by G-NPI. In the entire cohort, EPG and G-EPG 10-yrs MFS were comparable (82 and 88% resp.). In the HG2 subgroup, 10-yrs MFS was 92% for the G-EPG, 87 % for the G-GPG and 57% for the G-MPG.
Conclusion: Using GGI to calculate NPI scores provides additional information compared to standard NPI. This is particularly true in the HG2 group where G-NPI is able to identify patients matching the EPG definition with a 92% 10-yr MFS. Combining genomic information with NPI may facilitate adjuvant therapy decision making. This approach deserves further validation.
Prognostic Group Classification according to classic NPI and G-NPI
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-10-08.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Tagett
- Ipsogen, Marseille, France; Ipsogen, France
| | | | - A. Catteau
- Ipsogen, Marseille, France; Ipsogen, France
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Dorn C, Green AG, Jongens R, Carpentier S, Kaiser AE, Campbell F, Horstmeyer H, Campbell J, Finnemore M, Pettinga J. High-resolution seismic images of potentially seismogenic structures beneath the northwest Canterbury Plains, New Zealand. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jb007459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Tyteca D, D'Auria L, Der Smissen PV, Medts T, Carpentier S, Monbaliu J, de Diesbach P, Courtoy P. Three unrelated sphingomyelin analogs spontaneously cluster into plasma membrane micrometric domains. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 2010; 1798:909-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Mas E, Danjoux M, Garcia V, Carpentier S, Ségui B, Levade T. IL-6 deficiency attenuates murine diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7929. [PMID: 19936233 PMCID: PMC2775411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a common cause of liver disease, is still poorly understood. This study aimed at assessing the involvement of a major inflammatory cytokine, IL-6, in NASH. Materials and Methods Steatohepatitis was induced by feeding wild-type or IL-6−/− mice for 5 weeks with a methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet. Results Whereas MCD diet-induced weight loss and decreases in serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were similar in both genotypes, serum alanine aminotransferase was less elevated in IL-6−/− mice than in wild-type animals. Despite having a comparable liver steatosis score, IL-6-deficient mice exhibited less lobular inflammation than their wild-type littermates. Liver gene expression of TGF-β and MCP-1 was also strongly attenuated in mutant mice; a more modest reduction was observed for PPAR-γ and F4/80 transcripts as well as proteins. Chromatographic analysis of liver lipids demonstrated that MCD diet induced in normal and mutant mice a similar decrease in the ratio of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylethanolamine. However, the diet-induced increase in the levels of sphingomyelin and ceramide was less important in IL-6−/− mice. Conclusion Altogether, these results indicate that IL-6 deficiency does not block the development of NASH; yet, IL-6 plays a critical role in the accompanying liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Mas
- INSERM, U858, Toulouse, France
- Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Equipe n°14, IFR31, Toulouse, France
- Unité de Gastroentérologie, Hépatologie et Nutrition, Département de Pédiatrie, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Danjoux
- Département d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Garcia
- INSERM, U858, Toulouse, France
- Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Equipe n°14, IFR31, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Carpentier
- INSERM, U858, Toulouse, France
- Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Equipe n°14, IFR31, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Ségui
- INSERM, U858, Toulouse, France
- Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Equipe n°14, IFR31, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- INSERM, U858, Toulouse, France
- Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Equipe n°14, IFR31, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
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Lafont E, Milhas D, Carpentier S, Garcia V, Jin ZX, Umehara H, Okazaki T, Schulze-Osthoff K, Levade T, Benoist H, Ségui B. Caspase-mediated inhibition of sphingomyelin synthesis is involved in FasL-triggered cell death. Cell Death Differ 2009; 17:642-54. [DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Charpin C, Giusiano S, Charfi S, Secq V, Carpentier S, Andrac L, Lavaut MN, Allasia C, Bonnier P, Garcia S. Quantitative immunohistochemical expression of c Kit in breast carcinomas is predictive of patients' outcome. Br J Cancer 2009; 101:48-54. [PMID: 19513067 PMCID: PMC2713691 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: c Kit (CD117) expression in tissues has been reported as a relevant target for specific therapy in some human malignancies, but has been poorly documented in breast carcinomas Methods: The prognostic significance of c Kit in a series of 924 breast carcinomas (mean follow-up, 79 months) was investigated using standardised high-throughput quantitative densitometry of immunohistochemical precipitates in tissue microarrays. Results: c Kit was expressed in 14.7% breast carcinomas (and in 42 out of 586 node-negative tumours). In univariate analysis, (log-rank test) the score of c Kit expression correlated with poor patient outcome P=0.02 and particularly in node-negative cases (P=0.002). In multivariate Cox analysis, c Kit was an indicator of metastasis independent of 25 other concomitantly evaluated markers of prognosis. Logistic regression showed that c Kit ranked 10 out of 25 (P=0.041), and was included in a 10-marker signature that allowed 79.2% of the patients to be correctly classified in the metastatic or metastasis-free categories independently of hormone receptors and HER-2 status. Interestingly, c Kit was also a significant predictor of metastasis in node-negative tumours (2 out of 25 ranking, P<0.0001) and included in a six-marker signature of prognosis, correctly classifying 88.6% of the patients (P<0.0001). Conclusion: We concluded that, as assessed by quantitative immunohistochemistry, c Kit is an independent prognostic indicator that could also potentially serve as a target for specific therapy in breast carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Charpin
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Nord and Université de la Méditerranée (Aix Marseille II), Marseille, France.
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Carpentier S, Bertucci F, Tagett R, Finetti P, Jacquemier J, Le Doussal JM, Hermitte F. A single genomic HER2 assay for the protein expression and the DNA amplification status. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e22082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e22082 Background: Currently, up to 20% of HER2 tests in breast cancer may be inaccurate. To address this situation, the 2007 ASCO/CAP guideline for HER2 testing recommended using standardized IHC (for HER2 protein expression) and FISH (for HER2 DNA amplification) in a sequential testing algorithm. However, test standardization and equivocal results still remain an issue potentially leading to inappropriate treatment decisions. A new genomic HER2 (gHER2) assay was designed to address these issues. Methods: Frozen samples of 152 primary breast cancers with a positive or negative IHC result (126 IHC 0+ and 26 IHC 3+ determined by tissue microarray) were profiled using Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 gene chips. Recursive feature elimination algorithm by support vector machines (RFE-SVM) was used to select probesets correlated to IHC status; to compute a genomic HER2 (gHER2) expression index; and to set a threshold discriminating between IHC 0+ from IHC 3+ samples. This gHER2 assay was validated in 4 independent datasets (n=309) and tested for its ability to reclassify HER2 equivocal cases (IHC 2+, n=21). The assay was standardized using Ipsogen MapQuant Dx. Results: RFE-SVM identified 6 known and 1 unknown genes correlating with the IHC status, all located within the HER2 DNA amplicon. The gHER2 assay gave unequivoqual HER2 status in 96.2 % of samples. The genomic HER2 assay was concordant with IHC status in 94.5% of cases. 95 % of samples with equivocal IHC status (IHC 2+) could be re-classified in accordance with FISH status in 95 % of cases. Conclusions: We could identify a genomic signature of both HER2 DNA amplification and HER2 protein expression. A new standardized genomic HER2 assay was derived that matches the ASCO/CAP guideline requirements of 95 % concordance with validated techniques. It may contribute to reduce the number of equivocal results. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Carpentier
- Ipsogen‘, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - F. Bertucci
- Ipsogen‘, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - R. Tagett
- Ipsogen‘, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - P. Finetti
- Ipsogen‘, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - J. Jacquemier
- Ipsogen‘, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - J. M. Le Doussal
- Ipsogen‘, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
| | - F. Hermitte
- Ipsogen‘, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France; Ipsogen, Marseille, France
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Salma Y, Lafont E, Therville N, Carpentier S, Bonnafé MJ, Levade T, Génisson Y, Andrieu-Abadie N. The natural marine anhydrophytosphingosine, Jaspine B, induces apoptosis in melanoma cells by interfering with ceramide metabolism. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 78:477-85. [PMID: 19433071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Marine environment has frequently afforded a variety of biologically active compounds with strong anticancer and cytotoxic properties. In the present study, the mechanism of action of Jaspine B, an anhydrophytosphingosine derivative isolated from the marine sponge Jaspis sp., was investigated. Jaspine B was able to dose- and time-dependently decrease the viability of murine B16 and human SK-Mel28 melanoma cells. On these cells, Jaspine B treatment triggered cell death by typical apoptosis as illustrated by phosphatidylserine externalization, the release of cytochrome c and caspase processing. These effects were associated with increased intracellular ceramide levels owing to perturbed ceramide metabolism. Indeed, Jaspine B exposure strongly inhibited the activity of sphingomyelin synthase (SMS), an enzyme that converts de novo ceramide into the membrane lipid sphingomyelin. Moreover, whereas Jaspine B-induced cell death was enhanced in SMS1-depleted cells, it was strongly inhibited in cells that stably overexpress human SMS1. Finally, the cytotoxic effects of Jaspine B truncated analogs were also shown to be dependent on SMS activity. Altogether, Jaspine B is able to kill melanoma cells by acting on SMS activity and consequently on ceramide formation, and may represent a new class of cytotoxic compounds with potential applications in anticancer melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Salma
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm U858, Toulouse, France
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Pattingre S, Bauvy C, Carpentier S, Levade T, Levine B, Codogno P. Role of JNK1-dependent Bcl-2 phosphorylation in ceramide-induced macroautophagy. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:2719-2728. [PMID: 19029119 PMCID: PMC2631952 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m805920200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy is a vacuolar lysosomal catabolic pathway that is stimulated during periods of nutrient starvation to preserve cell integrity. Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid associated with a large range of cell processes. Here we show that short-chain ceramides (C(2)-ceramide and C(6)-ceramide) and stimulation of the de novo ceramide synthesis by tamoxifen induce the dissociation of the complex formed between the autophagy protein Beclin 1 and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. This dissociation is required for macroautophagy to be induced either in response to ceramide or to starvation. Three potential phosphorylation sites, Thr(69), Ser(70), and Ser(87), located in the non-structural N-terminal loop of Bcl-2, play major roles in the dissociation of Bcl-2 from Beclin 1. We further show that activation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase 1 by ceramide is required both to phosphorylate Bcl-2 and to stimulate macroautophagy. These findings reveal a new aspect of sphingolipid signaling in up-regulating a major cell process involved in cell adaptation to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Pattingre
- INSERM U756,
Université Paris Sud 11, Faculté
de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296
Châtenay-Malabry, France, INSERM U858,
Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de
Rangueil, Université Toulouse III, 31000 Toulouse, France, and the
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments
of Internal Medicine and
Microbiology, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Chantal Bauvy
- INSERM U756,
Université Paris Sud 11, Faculté
de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296
Châtenay-Malabry, France, INSERM U858,
Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de
Rangueil, Université Toulouse III, 31000 Toulouse, France, and the
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments
of Internal Medicine and
Microbiology, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Stéphane Carpentier
- INSERM U756,
Université Paris Sud 11, Faculté
de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296
Châtenay-Malabry, France, INSERM U858,
Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de
Rangueil, Université Toulouse III, 31000 Toulouse, France, and the
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments
of Internal Medicine and
Microbiology, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Thierry Levade
- INSERM U756,
Université Paris Sud 11, Faculté
de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296
Châtenay-Malabry, France, INSERM U858,
Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de
Rangueil, Université Toulouse III, 31000 Toulouse, France, and the
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments
of Internal Medicine and
Microbiology, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Beth Levine
- INSERM U756,
Université Paris Sud 11, Faculté
de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296
Châtenay-Malabry, France, INSERM U858,
Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de
Rangueil, Université Toulouse III, 31000 Toulouse, France, and the
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments
of Internal Medicine and
Microbiology, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Patrice Codogno
- INSERM U756,
Université Paris Sud 11, Faculté
de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296
Châtenay-Malabry, France, INSERM U858,
Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de
Rangueil, Université Toulouse III, 31000 Toulouse, France, and the
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments
of Internal Medicine and
Microbiology, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
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Ramsubir S, Nonaka T, Girbés CB, Carpentier S, Levade T, Medin JA. In vivo delivery of human acid ceramidase via cord blood transplantation and direct injection of lentivirus as novel treatment approaches for Farber disease. Mol Genet Metab 2008; 95:133-41. [PMID: 18805722 PMCID: PMC2614354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 08/10/2008] [Accepted: 08/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Farber disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) caused by a deficiency of acid ceramidase (AC) activity and subsequent accumulation of ceramide. Currently, there is no treatment for Farber disease beyond palliative care and most patients succumb to the disorder at a very young age. Previously, our group showed that gene therapy using oncoretroviral vectors (RV) could restore enzyme activity in Farber patient cells. The studies described here employ novel RV and lentiviral (LV) vectors that engineer co-expression of AC and a cell surface marking transgene product, human CD25 (huCD25). Transduction of Farber patient fibroblasts and B cells with these vectors resulted in overexpression of AC and led to a 90% and 50% reduction in the accumulation of ceramide, respectively. Vectors were also evaluated in human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and by direct in vivo delivery in mouse models. In a xenotransplantation model using NOD/SCID mice, we found that transduced CD34(+) cells could repopulate irradiated recipient animals, as measured by CD25 expression. When virus was injected intravenously into mice, soluble CD25 was detected in the plasma and increased AC activity was present in the liver up to 14 weeks post-injection. These findings suggest that vector and transgene expression can persist long-term and offer the potential of a lasting cure. To our knowledge, this is the first report of in vivo testing of direct gene therapy strategies for Farber disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Ramsubir
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Takahiro Nonaka
- Division of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carmen Bedia Girbés
- INSERM, Institut de Médicine Moléculaire de Rangueil, U858, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Carpentier
- INSERM, Institut de Médicine Moléculaire de Rangueil, U858, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- INSERM, Institut de Médicine Moléculaire de Rangueil, U858, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Jeffrey A. Medin
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Correspondence should be addressed to J.A.M. () Jeffrey A. Medin, University Health Network, 67 College Street Rm 4-406, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 2M1. Phone: (416) 340-4745, Fax: (416) 340-3644
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Seyrantepe V, Canuel M, Carpentier S, Landry K, Durand S, Liang F, Zeng J, Caqueret A, Gravel RA, Marchesini S, Zwingmann C, Michaud J, Morales CR, Levade T, Pshezhetsky AV. Mice deficient in Neu4 sialidase exhibit abnormal ganglioside catabolism and lysosomal storage. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 17:1556-68. [PMID: 18270209 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian sialidase Neu4, ubiquitously expressed in human tissues, is located in the lysosomal and mitochondrial lumen and has broad substrate specificity against sialylated glycoconjugates. To investigate whether Neu4 is involved in ganglioside catabolism, we transfected beta-hexosaminidase-deficient neuroglia cells from a Tay-Sachs patient with a Neu4-expressing plasmid and demonstrated the correction of storage due to the clearance of accumulated GM2 ganglioside. To further clarify the biological role of Neu4, we have generated a stable loss-of-function phenotype in cultured HeLa cells and in mice with targeted disruption of the Neu4 gene. The silenced HeLa cells showed reduced activity against gangliosides and had large heterogeneous lysosomes containing lamellar structures. Neu4(-/-) mice were viable, fertile and lacked gross morphological abnormalities, but showed a marked vacuolization and lysosomal storage in lung and spleen cells. Lysosomal storage bodies were also present in cultured macrophages preloaded with gangliosides. Thin-layer chromatography showed increased relative level of GD1a ganglioside and a markedly decreased level of GM1 ganglioside in brain of Neu4(-/-) mice suggesting that Neu4 may be important for desialylation of brain gangliosides and consistent with the in situ hybridization data. Increased levels of cholesterol, ceramide and polyunsaturated fatty acids were also detected in the lungs and spleen of Neu4(-/-) mice by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. Together, our data suggest that Neu4 is a functional component of the ganglioside-metabolizing system, contributing to the postnatal development of the brain and other vital organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Seyrantepe
- Department of Medical Genetics, CHU Sainte-Justine, CHUM, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Carpentier S, Lebeau P, Vandurne B, Gheerardyn R, Vanwijck R, Lengelé B, Willemart G, El Fouly PE. The versatility of the sub-mental flap: a case report. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2008; 61:207-9. [PMID: 17656167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2007.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Revised: 11/26/2006] [Accepted: 05/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The sub-mental flap has been used in four elderly patients (mean age: 83 years) for reconstruction of defects after oncological resection: three had basal cell carcinoma (cheek, temporal region and fronto-temporal region). One had a squamous cell carcinoma of the hard palate. We believe that the latter example is original and present it in this article. This case shows that the sub-mental flap in addition to its intrinsic qualities is a reliable flap which may be useful in difficult repairs. It can be used to repair wide palatal fistula which occurs after oncological resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Carpentier
- Service de chirurgie plastique, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium.
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47
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Abstract
Sphingolipids are constituents of biological membranes. Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) also act as second messengers and are part of a rheostat system, in which ceramide promotes cell death and growth arrest, and S1P induces proliferation and maintains cell survival. As macroautophagy is a lysosomal catabolic mechanism involved in determining the duration of the lifetime of cells, we raised the question of its regulation by sphingolipid messengers. Using chemical and genetic methods, we have shown by GFP-LC3 staining and analysis of the degradation of long-lived proteins that both ceramide and S1P stimulate autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Lavieu
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY. USA
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48
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Moulin M, Carpentier S, Levade T, Arrigo AP. Potential roles of membrane fluidity and ceramide in hyperthermia and alcohol stimulation of TRAIL apoptosis. Apoptosis 2007; 12:1703-20. [PMID: 17610065 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-007-0096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We recently reported that a mild heat shock induces a long lasting stimulation of TRAIL-induced apoptosis of leukemic T-lymphocytes and myeloid cell lines, but not normal T-lymphocytes, which correlates with an enhanced ability of TRAIL to recognize its receptors. As shown here, this phenomenon could be inhibited by the xanthogenate agent D609, a sphingomyelin/ceramide pathway inhibitor. A caspase-dependent and D609-sensitive two-fold increase in ceramide level was elicited by heat shock plus TRAIL combined treatment. One day after heat shock, a similar increase in ceramide was induced by TRAIL. Sphingolipids/ceramides are known to regulate membrane integrity, and heat shock increases membrane fluidity. In this regard, the heat shock plus TRAIL combined treatment resulted in a D609-sensitive membrane fluidization which was far more intense than that induced by heat shock only. We also report that membrane fluidizers, that mimic the effect of heat shock, such benzyl alcohol and ethanol, potently stimulated TRAIL-induced apoptosis. As heat shock, these alcohols increased, in a D609-sensitive manner, membrane fluidity in the presence of TRAIL, the recognition of TRAIL death receptors, and ceramide levels. These results suggest that stress agents that trigger ceramide production and an overall increase in membrane fluidity are stimulators of TRAIL apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Moulin
- Laboratoire Stress, Chaperons et Mort cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon-1, 16 rue Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Serriere-Lanneau V, Teixeira-Clerc F, Li L, Schippers M, de Wries W, Julien B, Tran-Van-Nhieu J, Manin S, Poelstra K, Chun J, Carpentier S, Levade T, Mallat A, Lotersztajn S. The sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor S1P2 triggers hepatic wound healing. FASEB J 2007; 21:2005-13. [PMID: 17341687 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-6889com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid produced by sphingosine kinase (SphK1 and 2). We previously showed that S1P receptors (S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3) are expressed in hepatic myofibroblasts (hMF), a population of cells that triggers matrix remodeling during liver injury. Here we investigated the function of these receptors in the wound healing response to acute liver injury elicited by carbon tetrachloride, a process that associates hepatocyte proliferation and matrix remodeling. Acute liver injury was associated with the induction of S1P2, S1P3, SphK1, and SphK2 mRNAs and increased SphK activity, with no change in S1P1 expression. Necrosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte regeneration were similar in S1P2-/- and wild-type (WT) mice. However, compared with WT mice, S1P2-/- mice displayed reduced accumulation of hMF, as shown by lower induction of smooth muscle alpha-actin mRNA and lower induction of TIMP-1, TGF-beta1, and PDGF-BB mRNAs, overall reflecting reduced activation of remodeling in response to liver injury. The wound healing response was similar in S1P3-/- and WT mice. In vitro, S1P enhanced proliferation of cultured WT hMF, and PDGF-BB further enhanced the mitogenic effect of S1P. In keeping with these findings, PDGF-BB up-regulated S1P2 and SphK1 mRNAs, increased SphK activity, and S1P2 induced PDGF-BB mRNA. These effects were blunted in S1P2-/- cells, and S1P2-/- hMF exhibited reduced mitogenic and comitogenic responses to S1P. These results unravel a novel major role of S1P2 in the wound healing response to acute liver injury by a mechanism involving enhanced proliferation of hMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Serriere-Lanneau
- INSERM U841, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France
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50
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Abstract
Shaken baby syndrome, a rotational acceleration injury, is most common between 3 and 6 months of age and causes death in about 10 to 40% of cases and permanent neurological abnormalities in survivors. We developed a mouse model of shaken baby syndrome to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the brain damage. Eight-day-old mouse pups were shaken for 15 seconds on a rotating shaker. Animals were sacrificed at different ages after shaking and brains were processed for histology. In 31-day-old pups, mortality was 27%, and 75% of survivors had focal brain lesions consisting of hemorrhagic or cystic lesions of the periventricular white matter, corpus callosum, and brainstem and cerebellar white matter. Hemorrhagic lesions were evident from postnatal day 13, and cysts developed gradually between days 15 and 31. All shaken animals, with or without focal lesions, had thinning of the hemispheric white matter, which was significant on day 31 but not earlier. Fragmented DNA labeling revealed a significant increase in cell death in the periventricular white matter, on days 9 and 13. White matter damage was reduced by pre-treatment with the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801. This study showed that shaking immature mice produced white matter injury mimicking several aspects of human shaken baby syndrome and provided evidence that excess release of glutamate plays a role in the pathophysiology of the lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bonnier
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, University of Louvain Medical School, Bruxelles, Belgium
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