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Tremblay A, Gagné MP, Pérusse L, Fortier C, Provencher V, Corcuff R, Pomerleau S, Foti N, Drapeau V. Sodium and Human Health: What Can Be Done to Improve Sodium Balance beyond Food Processing? Nutrients 2024; 16:1199. [PMID: 38674889 PMCID: PMC11054196 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sodium plays a key role in the regulation of water balance and is also important in food formulation due to its contribution to the taste and use in the preservation of many foods. Excessive intake of any essential nutrient is problematic and this seems to be particularly the case for sodium since a high intake makes it the nutrient most strongly associated with mortality. Sodium intake has been the object of recommendations by public health agencies such as the WHO and this has resulted in efforts by the food industry to reduce the sodium content of packaged foods, although there is still room for improvement. The recent literature also emphasizes the need for other strategies, e.g., regulations and education, to promote adequate sodium intake. In the present paper, we also describe the potential benefits of a global healthy lifestyle that considers healthy eating but also physical activity habits that improve body functionality and may help to attenuate the detrimental effects of high sodium intake on body composition and cardiometabolic health. In conclusion, a reduction in sodium intake, an improvement in body functioning, and educational interventions promoting healthy eating behaviours seem to be essential for the optimal regulation of sodium balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (L.P.); (C.F.); (V.D.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.-P.G.); (R.C.); (S.P.); (N.F.)
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Marie-Pascale Gagné
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.-P.G.); (R.C.); (S.P.); (N.F.)
| | - Louis Pérusse
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (L.P.); (C.F.); (V.D.)
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Catherine Fortier
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (L.P.); (C.F.); (V.D.)
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ronan Corcuff
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.-P.G.); (R.C.); (S.P.); (N.F.)
| | - Sonia Pomerleau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.-P.G.); (R.C.); (S.P.); (N.F.)
| | - Nicoletta Foti
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.-P.G.); (R.C.); (S.P.); (N.F.)
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (L.P.); (C.F.); (V.D.)
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Quebec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
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Drolet-Labelle V, Laurin D, Bédard A, Drapeau V, Desroches S. Older Adults' Perceptions of the 2019 Canada's Food Guide: A Qualitative Study. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2024:1-4. [PMID: 38578688 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2023-029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: Major changes were made to Canada's Food Guide (CFG) in 2019. This study aimed to understand the perceptions of older adults toward this newest version.Methods: Older adults were invited to participate via newsletters sent to older adults and retirees' organizations in the Province of Quebec. Participants completed an online survey about their baseline familiarity with the 2019 CFG using a 5-point Likert scale and took part in an individual semi-structured online interview, which explored their perceptions toward the 2019 CFG. A thematic qualitative analysis of the interview transcripts was performed.Results: Fifty-eight older adults (>65 years, 30 women, 28 men, including 19 consumers and 39 non-consumers of plant-based protein (PBP) foods) participated in the study. Older adults were mostly familiar with the 2019 CFG and had a positive perception of its features. They appreciated the design, proposed recipes, and healthy eating recommendations. Perceptions about the three food groups were mixed, mainly regarding the decreased emphasis on dairy products. Some appreciated that animal proteins were less prominent, while others raised issues on how to integrate PBP into their diet. Perceptions appeared to be influenced by sex and PBP consumption.Conclusion: Older adults in the Province of Quebec view most of the 2019 CFG recommendations positively. Our observations may be useful to dietitians and public health practitioners when developing strategies to improve adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Drolet-Labelle
- Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC
- Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval and VITAM-Centre de recherche en santé durable, CIUSSS-CN, Québec, QC
- École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC
- Institut sur le vieillissement et la participation sociale des aînés - Université Laval, Québec, QC
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Carrière R, Trottier C, Drapeau V, Frenette É, Goulet C, Brochu C, Camiré M, Lemyre PN. Winner for Life: A three-year study of student-athletes' life skills development in a training programme for coaches and teachers. Psychol Sport Exerc 2024; 71:102573. [PMID: 38048835 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing numbers of researchers have investigated how training programmes influence coaches' and teachers' ability to promote life skills development, and concurrently, athlete-related outcomes. This study aimed to examine high school student-athletes' development of life skills through a three-year programme called Winner for Life (Gagnant pour la vie). Delivered online to high school coaches and teachers, the programme targeted five life skills: (a) Goal Setting and Concentration (Year 1), (b) Healthy Eating Habits and Safety Behaviours (Year 2), and Physical and Mental Recovery (Year 3). In all, 148 student-athletes participated in the programme and completed questionnaires at five time points to assess life skills development. A general linear repeated measures model was used to assess changes over time. Missing data were handled using multiple imputations. Student-athletes reported higher scores on Goal Setting subscale at time 2 (vs. time 1) and time 3 (vs. time 2) and on Social Recovery subscale at time 2 (vs. time 1). They also reported lower scores on Sleep Quality subscale at time 3 (vs. time 2) and time 5 (vs. time 4). Additionally, a significant interaction was observed between student-athletes' age (mean = 13.5 years) at study start, and improvements on certain life skills subscales over time. Overall, the fact that student-athletes did not improve on all life skills could be explained by the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns, which limited the programme's influence from time 3. Results should be considered in light of limitations regarding gender distribution and ceiling effects on student-athletes' scores. Recommendations to improve future life skills programmes are discussed, such as involving parents in delivery and encouraging life skills teaching over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Carrière
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, and Interuniversity Research Centre on Teacher Training and the Teaching Profession (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Canada
| | - Christiane Trottier
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medecine, and Interuniversity Research Centre on Teacher Training and the Teaching Profession (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medecine, and Interuniversity Research Centre on Teacher Training and the Teaching Profession (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Canada
| | - Éric Frenette
- Department of Educational Foundations and Practices, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Canada
| | - Claude Goulet
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, and Interuniversity Research Centre on Teacher Training and the Teaching Profession (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Canada
| | - Charlotte Brochu
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medecine, and Interuniversity Research Centre on Teacher Training and the Teaching Profession (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Canada
| | - Martin Camiré
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada
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Caredda C, St-Laurent A, Gagnon M, Harrison S, Bernier E, Gagnon G, Plante AS, Lemieux S, Bégin C, Marceau S, Biertho LD, Tchernof A, Provencher V, Drapeau V, Michaud A, Morisset AS. Attitudes and Behaviors towards Food and Weight in Late Pregnancy: A Comparative Approach between Individuals with and without Previous Bariatric Surgery. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:342. [PMID: 38338227 PMCID: PMC10855954 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to compare, between pregnant individuals with and without bariatric surgery: (1) eating behaviors, (2) intuitive eating components and, (3) attitudes towards weight gain. This retrospective study included data collected in healthy pregnant individuals with and without previous bariatric surgery who were recruited at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval. Pregnant individuals who underwent bariatric surgery (biliopancreatic bypass with duodenal switch [n = 14] or sleeve gastrectomy [n = 5]) were individually matched, for age (±0.4 years) and body mass index (BMI) (±0.3 kg/m2), with pregnant individuals who have not received bariatric surgery. In the second trimester, participants completed the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) and the Intuitive Eating Scale 2 (IES-2). In the third trimester, participants completed the French version of the Pregnancy Weight Gain Attitude Scale assessing attitudes towards weight gain. Pregnant individuals who have had bariatric surgery had a higher score for flexible restraint and a lower score for situational susceptibility to disinhibition compared to individuals who have not had undergone bariatric surgery (2.89 ± 1.15 vs. 1.95 ± 1.31; p = 0.04 and 1.11 ± 1.29 vs. 2.79 ± 1.44, respectively; p < 0.001). Regarding intuitive eating, pregnant individuals who experienced bariatric surgery had a higher score for reliance on internal hunger and satiety cues and a lower one for unconditional permission to eat compared with those who had not experienced bariatric surgery (3.99 ± 0.81 vs. 3.30 ± 1.03; p = 0.02 and 3.28 ± 0.54 vs. 3.61 ± 0.68, respectively; p = 0.03). No difference in attitudes towards weight gain was observed between groups. Overall, pregnant individuals who had undergone bariatric surgery had different eating behaviors and intuitive eating components compared to pregnant individuals without bariatric surgery. These results need to be confirmed in further studies with larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Caredda
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Audrey St-Laurent
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Marianne Gagnon
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Harrison
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Emilie Bernier
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Geneviève Gagnon
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Anne-Sophie Plante
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Catherine Bégin
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Simon Marceau
- Axe Obésité, Diabète de Type 2 et Métabolisme, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.M.); (L.D.B.)
| | - Laurent D. Biertho
- Axe Obésité, Diabète de Type 2 et Métabolisme, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.M.); (L.D.B.)
| | - André Tchernof
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.G.); (A.T.)
- Axe Obésité, Diabète de Type 2 et Métabolisme, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.M.); (L.D.B.)
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.G.); (A.T.)
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- Département de Kinésiologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Andréanne Michaud
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.G.); (A.T.)
- Axe Obésité, Diabète de Type 2 et Métabolisme, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.M.); (L.D.B.)
| | - Anne-Sophie Morisset
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (A.S.-L.); (M.G.); (S.H.); (E.B.); (A.-S.P.); (S.L.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (V.D.); (A.M.)
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.G.); (A.T.)
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Thibault V, Gallant F, Doré I, Drapeau V, Sabiston CM, Sylvestre MP, Bélanger M. Longitudinal Associations Between Body-Related Self-Conscious Emotions and Weight Control Status During Adolescence. J Adolesc Health 2023; 73:931-939. [PMID: 37610392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Half of adolescents are trying to change their weight and body-related self-conscious emotions may influence these intentions. We estimated associations between body-related shame, guilt, embarrassment, envy, authentic pride, and hubristic pride and weight control status (trying to maintain, lose, or gain weight) throughout adolescence in girls and boys. METHODS Six annual cycles of self-administered questionnaires were collected from age 12-17 in the Monitoring Activities of Teenagers to Comprehend their Habits (MATCH) study (n = 776). Average associations over all cycles were estimated with generalized estimating equations to describe the relationship between emotions (predictors) and weight control status (outcome). To explore the impact of changes in emotions on weight control status, fixed effects logistic regressions were used. Separate models were conducted for each emotion and for boys and girls. RESULTS On average, boys and girls with higher scores for negative emotions (shame, guilt, embarrassment and, exclusively among girls, envy) had higher odds of trying to lose weight. Higher scores for positive emotions (authentic and hubristic pride) were associated with lower odds of trying to lose weight among girls. Higher scores for authentic pride were associated with trying to gain weight among boys. Girls with increases in any of the negative emotions presented higher odds of trying to lose weight. Girls with increases in hubristic pride had increased odds of trying to maintain weight. DISCUSSION Body-related self-conscious emotions may be promising healthy-weight intervention targets as they represent important predictors of weight control status, particularly in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Thibault
- Département de Médecine de Famille et Médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.
| | - François Gallant
- Département de Médecine de Famille et Médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Isabelle Doré
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Département d'éducation Physique, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Sylvestre
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bélanger
- Département de Médecine de Famille et Médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada; Vitalité Health Network, Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada
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6
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Bordeleau M, Purcell M, Provencher V, Panahi S, Jacob R, Alméras N, Drapeau V. Impact of a Web-Based Nutrition Intervention on Eating Behaviors and Body Size Preoccupations among Adolescents. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1736. [PMID: 38002827 PMCID: PMC10670448 DOI: 10.3390/children10111736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the impact of a web-based school nutrition intervention on eating behavior traits, body weight concern, body size perception and body size dissatisfaction in adolescents. Ten classes of secondary students in Canada (13.6 ± 0.8 years) were randomized into an intervention (n = 162 students) or control group (n = 75 students). Adolescents in the intervention, conducted between 2011 and 2013, participated in an online nutrition challenge to increase their consumption of vegetables, fruits and dairy products using a web-based platform over six weeks. Measurements were taken at baseline (PRE) and post-intervention (POST). No significant negative changes were observed between the intervention and control groups for eating behavior traits, body weight concern, body size perception and dissatisfaction. However, results suggest a trend for a positive effect of the intervention on susceptibility to hunger in boys (group × time interaction, p = 0.10). Specifically, boys experienced a reduction in their susceptibility to hunger in response to the intervention (PRE: 6.1 ± 3.8, POST: 4.8 ± 3.7, p = 0.009). An intervention aimed at improving the eating habits of adolescents did not negatively influence body size preoccupations. In response to the intervention, boys tended to show a lower susceptibility to hunger, which might help them to prevent overeating and adopt healthy eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Bordeleau
- Département d’Éducation Physique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.B.); (M.P.)
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval (CRIUCPQ-UL), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.P.); (N.A.)
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Centre de Recherche Interuniversitaire sur la Formation et Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE), Université de Montréal, Québec, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Maya Purcell
- Département d’Éducation Physique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.B.); (M.P.)
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval (CRIUCPQ-UL), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.P.); (N.A.)
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval (CRIUCPQ-UL), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.P.); (N.A.)
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Département de Kinésiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Raphaëlle Jacob
- Département de Kinésiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Natalie Alméras
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval (CRIUCPQ-UL), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.P.); (N.A.)
- Département de Kinésiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval (CRIUCPQ-UL), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (S.P.); (N.A.)
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Centre de Recherche Interuniversitaire sur la Formation et Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE), Université de Montréal, Québec, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de Kinésiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
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Bordeleau M, Alméras N, Panahi S, Drapeau V. Body Image and Lifestyle Behaviors in High School Adolescents. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1263. [PMID: 37508760 PMCID: PMC10377786 DOI: 10.3390/children10071263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This secondary data analysis study aimed to examine the associations between 1) body size perception (BSP) and body size dissatisfaction (BSD) and 2) lifestyle behaviors and BSP and BSD in adolescents. The study pooled cross-sectional data from two studies (n = 301) performed in adolescents. Weight and height were measured, while lifestyle behaviors and perceived actual and desired body size variables were self-reported. Linear regression analysis assessed the contribution of sex and zBMI to BSP and BSD scores. Pearson's correlation explored associations between BSP and BSD. Cohen's effect sizes compared satisfied and dissatisfied adolescents within the underestimators subgroup. A positive association between BSP and BSD scores was observed among girls living with normal-weight and overweight/obesity only (r = 0.26; p ≤ 0.001 and r = 0.38; p < 0.05, respectively). Underestimators who were satisfied with their body size showed a moderate effect size for a lower zBMI, a small effect size for lower screen time, and higher sleep duration compared to dissatisfied underestimators. Underestimation was associated with more body size satisfaction in adolescent girls with normal weight and overweight/obesity, suggesting a protective effect of underestimation. These findings support the hypothesis that body size satisfaction and underestimation in adolescents is associated with healthier lifestyle behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Bordeleau
- Département D'éducation Physique, Faculté des Sciences de L'éducation, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L'institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Interuniversitaire sur la Formation et Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE), Université de Montréal, Québec, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Natalie Alméras
- Centre de Recherche de L'institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département de kinésiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Département D'éducation Physique, Faculté des Sciences de L'éducation, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L'institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre de Recherche de L'institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Interuniversitaire sur la Formation et Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE), Université de Montréal, Québec, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Département de kinésiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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8
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Jacob R, Tremblay A, Provencher V, Panahi S, Mathieu MÈ, Drapeau V. Associations of timing of food intake with energy intake, eating behaviour traits and psychosocial factors in adults with overweight and obesity. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1155971. [PMID: 37324732 PMCID: PMC10267979 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1155971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Whether a late distribution of food intake impacts obesity through increased energy intake remains uncertain and the behavioural characterization of late eating needs to be further investigated. The first objective of this study was to assess the associations between late eating and body mass index (BMI) and total energy intake (TEI), and whether TEI mediates the association between late eating and BMI. The second objective was to assess the associations between late eating and eating behaviour traits or psychosocial factors and whether eating behaviour traits mediate the association between late eating and TEI. Methods Baseline data from 301 individuals (56% women, age = 38.7 ± 8.5 years; BMI = 33.2 ± 3.4 kg/m2), who participated in four weight loss studies were used in this cross-sectional study. Total energy intake was assessed using a three-day food record from which the percentage of TEI after 17:00 and after 20:00 was calculated. Eating behaviour traits and psychosocial factors were assessed with questionnaires. Pearson correlations and mediation analyses adjusted for age, sex, underreporting of energy intake, sleep duration and bedtime were performed. Results Percent TEI after 17:00 and after 20:00 were associated with TEI (r = 0.13, p = 0.03 for both), and TEI mediated the association between percent TEI after 17:00 and BMI (β = 0.01 ± 0.01, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.02). Percent TEI after 17:00 was associated with disinhibition (r = 0.13, p = 0.03) and percent TEI after 20:00 was associated with susceptibility to hunger (r = 0.13, p = 0.03), stress (r = 0.24, p = 0.002) and anxiety (r = 0.28, p = 0.0004). In women, disinhibition mediated the association between percent TEI after 17:00 and TEI (β = 3.41 ± 1.43, 95% CI: 0.92, 6.47). Susceptibility to hunger mediated the association between percent TEI after 20:00 and TEI (β = 0.96 ± 0.59, 95% CI: 0.02, 2.34) in men and women. Conclusion Late eating is associated with TEI and suboptimal eating behaviours which could contribute to explaining the association between timing of food intake and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Jacob
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Mathieu
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Health Centre Research Centre, Université de Montreal, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
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Fournier E, Łuszczki E, Isacco L, Chanséaume-Bussiere E, Gryson C, Chambrier C, Drapeau V, Chaput JP, Thivel D. Toward an Integrated Consideration of 24 h Movement Guidelines and Nutritional Recommendations. Nutrients 2023; 15:2109. [PMID: 37432285 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
While physical activity, sleep and sedentary behaviors are almost always considered independently, they should be considered as integrated human behaviors. The 24 h Movement approach proposes a concomitant consideration of these behaviors to promote overall health. Not only do these behaviors impact energy expenditure, but they have also been shown to separately impact energy intake, which should be further explored when considering the entire integration of these movement behaviors under the 24 h movement approach. After an evaluation of the prevalence of meeting the 24 h Movement and dietary recommendations, this review summarizes the available evidence (using English publications indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE) regarding the association between the 24 h Movement Guidelines and eating habits. Altogether, the results clearly show the beneficial impact of promoting the 24 h guidelines simultaneously, highlighting that the higher the number of respected movement recommendations, the better eating behaviors in both children and adults. Importantly, our results point out the importance of emphasizing the need to reach sedentary guidelines for better eating habits. Movement and dietary behaviors appear closely related, and giving recommendations on one might impact the other. Combining the 24 h Movement with dietary Guidelines might be more efficient than promoting them separately in public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elora Fournier
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | | | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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10
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Larose D, Chih-Shing Chen M, Panahi S, Yessis J, Tremblay A, Drapeau V. Interventions to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in children and adolescents in summer day camps: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:773. [PMID: 37101170 PMCID: PMC10134537 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and adolescents have suboptimal physical activity and eating habits during summer breaks. Unlike the school setting, there is little evidence on interventions to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in Summer Day Camps (SDCs). METHODS The aim of this scoping review was to examine physical activity, healthy eating, and sedentary behavior interventions in the SDCs. A systematic search on four platforms (EBSCOhost, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science) was performed in May 2021 and was updated in June 2022. Studies related to promoting healthy behaviors, physical activity, sedentary behaviors and/or healthy eating among campers aged 6 to 16 in Summer Day Camps were retained. The protocol and writing of the scoping review were done according to the guidelines of the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR)". RESULTS Most interventions had a positive effect on the behavioral determinants or the behaviors themselves (i.e., physical activity, sedentary behaviors, or healthy eating). Involving counsellors and parents, setting camp goals, gardening, and education are all relevant strategies in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors in SDCs. CONCLUSIONS Since only one intervention directly targeted sedentary behaviors, it should strongly be considered for inclusion in future studies. In addition, more long-term and experimental studies are needed to establish cause-and-effect relationships between healthy behavior interventions in SDCs and behaviors of children and young adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Larose
- Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Shirin Panahi
- Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jennifer Yessis
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Harnois-Leblanc S, Drapeau V, Van Hulst A, Barnett TA, McNealis V, Friedrich M, Bigras JL, Nuyt AM, Benedetti A, Mathieu MÈ, Henderson M. Abstract P134: Dietary Intake and Vascular Function and Myocardial Structure in Canadian Youth With and Without Type 1 Diabetes: The Cardea Study. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
People living with T1D are disproportionally more affected by CVD than the general population. As emerging evidence points to direct effects of diet on vascular function and cardiac structure, dietary interventions may be effective strategies to mitigate CVD risk early on.
Hypothesis:
We tested the hypothesis that specific dietary components and diet quality are associated with early markers of vascular and cardiac structure and function in youth with T1D. We compared these to associations in healthy controls.
Methods:
Cross-sectional study of 100 youth with T1D aged 14-18 yrs recruited at the Diabetes Clinic at Sainte-Justine Hospital University Center (Montreal, Canada) and 97 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Pulse-wave velocity (PWV) estimated arterial stiffness; velocity time integral (VTI) and acceleration during a flow-mediated dilation test assessed endothelial function. We measured left ventricular mass/height (LVMH), papillary mass, and wall thickness with cardiac MRI. Diet was measured with 3 x 24-h dietary recalls. Nutrients and foods were analyzed with the CANDAT software based on the Canadian Nutrient File. We assessed daily consumption of fruits, vegetables, fish, red meat, sugar-sweetened beverages and juices (SBJs), and sweets and chips. Food groups were all adjusted for total energy intake. We used the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) to assess overall diet quality. We estimated linear regression models for each diet variable/outcome combination separately in youth with T1D and healthy controls adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, parental education, physical activity and sedentary time (by accelerometer), and heart rate.
Results:
Girls comprised 48% of the sample; the mean age was 16.3 yrs (SD=1.3). The T1D group included more youth having overweight or obesity (43% vs. 20%), and was more ethnically diverse (White: 60% vs. 72%), compared to controls. Average glycated hemoglobin was 8.5% (SD=1.4) and median diabetes duration 6 yrs (IQR=3-10) in youth with T1D.
In youth with T1D
: Consuming more fruits was associated with lower PWV (beta [95% CI] per serving: -0.21 [-0.40; -0.02] m/s). Greater SBJ intake was paradoxically associated with higher VTI (per % total energy intake: 0.34 [0.04; 0.65] cm). DQI-I was related to a higher LVMH (per unit: 0.5 [0.1; 0.9] g/m).
In controls
: Eating more fruit was associated with a greater LVMH (per serving: 2.5 [0.1; 4.7] g/m). Higher SBJ intake was associated with a lower wall thickness (per % total energy intake: -0.10 [-0.20; -0.01] mm).
Conclusions:
Findings suggest that consuming more fruit could prevent arterial stiffening in youth with T1D. We previously reported that youth with T1D had lower LVMH than controls, and findings herein suggest that better diet quality could help compensate for this deficit. Overall, our results provide evidence on diet as a potential strategy to lower CVD risk in youth with T1D.
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Tremblay A, Pérusse L, Bertrand C, Jacob R, Couture C, Drapeau V. Effects of sodium intake and cardiorespiratory fitness on body composition and genetic susceptibility to obesity: results from the Quebec Family Study. Br J Nutr 2023; 129:77-86. [PMID: 35307046 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Na intake and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on body composition. The study was also intended to assess whether Na intake and/or CRF mediate the genetic susceptibility to obesity. Analyses were performed on a sample of 526 adult participants from the Quebec Family Study for whom a complete data set was available for nutrient and energy intake, CRF and body composition variables. The effects of Na, CRF and their interaction were analysed by comparing sex-specific tertiles using general linear mixed models. In both males and females, we observed a significant effect of Na intake and CRF on all body composition variables. However, in females only, we found that the effect of Na intake on body composition variables varies according to CRF level such that high Na intake was associated with increased body fatness, but only in females with low CRF. This interaction effect remained significant after statistical adjustment for total sugar, fat and energy intake. Using mediation analysis, we also found Na intake and CRF to be significant mediators of the relationship between a polygenic risk score of obesity based on > 500 000 genetic variants and BMI or waist circumference. In conclusion, the current study shows that Na intake influences body composition via mechanisms that interact with aerobic fitness, especially in females. Furthermore, both Na intake and CRF seem to be involved in the expression of the genetic susceptibility to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Pérusse
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Bertrand
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Raphaëlle Jacob
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Couture
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Jacob R, Provencher V, Panahi S, Tremblay A, Drapeau V. Eating behaviour traits mediate the association between satiety responsiveness and energy intake among individuals with overweight and obesity. Appetite 2023; 180:106373. [PMID: 36384208 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Whether eating behaviour traits represent factors that could explain the susceptibility to overeating in individuals with low satiety responsiveness remain to be extensively examined. This study aimed to assess if eating behaviours mediate the association between satiety responsiveness and energy intake. Baseline data from individuals with overweight or obesity (n = 303; age = 38.7 ± 8.4 years; BMI = 33.2 ± 3.4 kg/m2, 56% women) who participated in four weight-loss studies were included in this cross-sectional study. Satiety responsiveness was determined by the satiety quotient (SQ) based on fullness sensations in response to a standardized breakfast. Energy intake was self-reported in a three-day food record and measured by an ad libitum buffet meal. Eating behaviours were assessed with questionnaires. Mediation analyses adjusted for age and sex, and for underreporting for the food record, were performed using a regression-based and bootstrapping approach. The association between SQ and self-reported total energy intake was mediated by susceptibility to hunger (β = -2.51 ± 1.26, 95% CI, -5.38 to -0.52) and its subscales, internal and external locus of hunger (β = -2.00 ± 1.10, 95% CI, -4.50 to -0.28 and β = -2.42 ± 1.29, 95% CI, -5.30 to -0.30, respectively). Susceptibility to hunger (β = -2.71 ± 1.13, 95% CI, -5.29 to -0.84), internal and external locus of hunger (β = -1.84 ± 0.95, 95% CI -4.00 to -0.30 and β = -3.42 ± 1.31, 95% CI, -6.39 to -1.24, respectively), cues that may trigger food cravings (β = -5.43 ± 2.91, 95% CI, -11.83 to -0.44) and state-craving as a physiological state (β = -4.31 ± 2.51, 95%CI, -10.14 to -0.44) also mediated the association between SQ and measured energy intake. These results suggest that susceptibility to hunger and food cravings partly explained the susceptibility to overeating among individuals with low satiety responsiveness. Interventions targeting susceptibility to hunger and food cravings may thus be helpful to prevent overeating among these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Jacob
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada; Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada; Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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14
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Harnois-Leblanc S, Sylvestre MP, Van Hulst A, Barnett TA, Mathieu MÈ, Mesidor M, McGrath JJ, Tremblay A, Drapeau V, Paradis G, Henderson M. Estimating causal effects of physical activity and sedentary behaviours on the development of type 2 diabetes in at-risk children from childhood to late adolescence: an analysis of the QUALITY cohort. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2023; 7:37-46. [PMID: 36356598 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(22)00278-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncertainty remains regarding the causal effect of physical activity and sedentary behaviours on the development of type 2 diabetes in children. We aimed to estimate average treatment effects of physical activity and sedentary behaviours on risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals who are at risk during childhood and adolescence. METHODS We used data from the Quebec Adipose and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth (QUALITY) cohort of children of western European descent (white non-Hispanic race or ethnicity) with a parental history of obesity (defined as a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or more, or a waist circumference of more than 102 cm in men and 88 cm in women) evaluated at the ages of 8-10 years (baseline), 10-12 years (first follow-up cycle), and 15-17 years (second follow-up cycle) in Québec, Canada. We measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time by accelerometry, and leisure screen time by questionnaire at each cycle. Outcomes included fasting and 2 h post-load glycaemia and validated indices of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. We estimated average treatment effects of MVPA, sedentary time, and screen time on markers of type 2 diabetes using longitudinal marginal structural models with time-varying exposures, outcomes, and confounders from the ages of 8-10 to 15-17 years and inverse probability of treatment and censoring weighting. We considered both the current and cumulative effects of exposures on outcomes. FINDINGS 630 children were evaluated at baseline (age 8-10 years) between July, 2005, and December, 2008, 564 were evaluated at the first follow-up (age 10-12 years) between July, 2007, and March, 2011, and 377 were evaluated at the second follow-up (age 15-17 years) between September, 2012, and May, 2016. Based on cumulative exposure results, estimated average treatment effects for MVPA were 5·6% (95% CI 2·8 to 8·5) on insulin sensitivity and -3·8% (-7·1 to -0·5) on second-phase insulin secretion per 10 min daily increment from the ages of 8-10 years to age 15-17 years. Average treatment effects for sedentary time and reported screen time resulted in reduced insulin sensitivity (-8·2% [-12·3 to -3·9] and -6·4% [-10·1 to -2·5], respectively), increased second-phase insulin secretion (5·9% [1·9 to 10·1] and 7·0% [-0·1 to 14·7], respectively), and higher fasting glycaemia (0·03 mmol/L [0·003 to 0·05] and 0·02 mmol/L [0·01 to 0·03], respectively) per additional daily hour from the ages of 8-10 years to 15-17 years. INTERPRETATION Using modern causal inference approaches strengthened the evidence of MVPA and sedentary behaviours as key drivers of development of type 2 diabetes in at-risk children and adolescents, and should be considered as key targets for prevention. FUNDING Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Santé. TRANSLATION For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soren Harnois-Leblanc
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Sylvestre
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andraea Van Hulst
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tracie A Barnett
- Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Mathieu
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Miceline Mesidor
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer J McGrath
- Department of Psychology and PERFORM, Faculty of Arts and Science, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Paradis
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Henderson
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Mavragani A, Khau M, Lavoie-Hudon L, Vachon F, Drapeau V, Tremblay S. Comparing a Fitbit Wearable to an Electrocardiogram Gold Standard as a Measure of Heart Rate Under Psychological Stress: A Validation Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e37885. [PMID: 36542432 PMCID: PMC9813817 DOI: 10.2196/37885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wearable devices collect physiological and behavioral data that have the potential to identify individuals at risk of declining mental health and well-being. Past research has mainly focused on assessing the accuracy and the agreement of heart rate (HR) measurement of wearables under different physical exercise conditions. However, the capacity of wearables to sense physiological changes, assessed by increasing HR, caused by a stressful event has not been thoroughly studied. OBJECTIVE This study followed 3 objectives: (1) to test the ability of a wearable device (Fitbit Versa 2) to sense an increase in HR upon induction of psychological stress in the laboratory; (2) to assess the accuracy of the wearable device to capture short-term HR variations caused by psychological stress compared to a gold-standard electrocardiogram (ECG) measure (Biopac); and (3) to quantify the degree of agreement between the wearable device and the gold-standard ECG measure across different experimental conditions. METHODS Participants underwent the Trier Social Stress Test protocol, which consists of an oral phase, an arithmetic stress phase, an anticipation phase, and 2 relaxation phases (at the beginning and the end). During the stress protocol, the participants wore a Fitbit Versa 2 and were also connected to a Biopac. A mixed-effect modeling approach was used (1) to assess the effect of experimental conditions on HR, (2) to estimate several metrics of accuracy, and (3) to assess the agreement: the Bland-Altman limits of agreement (LoA), the concordance correlation coefficient, the coverage probability, the total deviation index, and the coefficient of an individual agreement. Mean absolute error and mean absolute percent error were calculated as accuracy indices. RESULTS A total of 34 university students were recruited for this study (64% of participants were female with a mean age of 26.8 years, SD 8.3). Overall, the results showed significant HR variations across experimental phases. Post hoc tests revealed significant pairwise differences for all phases. Accuracy analyses revealed acceptable accuracy according to the analyzed metrics of accuracy for the Fitbit Versa 2 to capture the short-term variations in psychological stress levels. However, poor indices of agreement between the Fitbit Versa 2 and the Biopac were found. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results support the use of the Fitbit Versa 2 to capture short-term stress variations. The Fitbit device showed acceptable levels of accuracy but poor agreement with an ECG gold standard. Greater inaccuracy and smaller agreement were found for stressful experimental conditions that induced a higher HR. Fitbit devices can be used in research to measure HR variations caused by stress, although they cannot replace an ECG instrument when precision is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Khau
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - François Vachon
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Tremblay
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
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16
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Drapeau V, Harvey AA, Jacob R, Provencher V, Panahi S. The impact of a family web-based nutrition intervention to increase fruit, vegetable, and dairy intakes: a single-blinded randomized family clustered intervention. Nutr J 2022; 21:75. [PMID: 36539753 PMCID: PMC9764680 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00825-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of adopting healthy eating habits at a young age to prevent obesity and chronic diseases justifies the need for effective interventions. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the impact of a family web-based nutrition intervention on vegetable and fruit (V/F) and dairy product (DP) consumption, nutrient intakes, diet quality and BMI or BMI z-scores. METHODS Forty-three families with children aged 8-16 years were randomized to either the family web-based intervention, or web-based general nutrition guidelines (control) over 8 weeks. Nutritional variables were assessed with three-day dietary records while anthropometry (body weight and height) was assessed with standardized measures at baseline (PRE), immediately after the intervention (POST 1) and 3-6 months after the intervention (POST 2). Linear mixed models for repeated measures were used to assess the main effects and their interactions followed by post hoc tests. RESULTS The intervention had an effect on DP, total sugar, potassium, magnesium, and calcium in children (Group x Time, P = 0.02 to 0.03) and on DP, V/F juice, carbohydrates, total sugar, saturated fat, protein and calcium in parents (Group x Time, P = 0.01 to 0.03). Post hoc tests revealed children in the intervention group increased their DP intakes immediately after the intervention (POST1) but decreased at follow-up (POST2). No effect of the intervention on V/F, diet quality or BMI was observed. CONCLUSION Compared to general nutrition guidelines, this family web-based nutrition intervention had a modest effect on nutrient intakes, but beneficial effect on DP intakes in the short term. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03798808 , Registered 10 january 2019 - Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Drapeau
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Physical Education, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.421142.00000 0000 8521 1798Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrée-Anne Harvey
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.421142.00000 0000 8521 1798Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Laval University, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Raphaëlle Jacob
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.421142.00000 0000 8521 1798Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Laval University, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Department of Physical Education, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.421142.00000 0000 8521 1798Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Quebec, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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17
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Navarro NS, Masse M, Mcnealis V, Harnois-Leblanc S, Lavoie JC, Friedrich MG, Van Hulst A, Nuyt AM, Bigras JL, Barnett T, Benedetti A, Mathieu MÈ, Drapeau V, Henderson M. Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: The CARDEA Study. Can J Diabetes 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Navarro NS, Masse M, Mcnealis V, Harnois-Leblanc S, Lavoie JC, Friedrich MG, Van Hulst A, Nuyt AM, Bigras JL, Barnett T, Benedetti A, Mathieu MÈ, Drapeau V, Henderson M. Oxidative Stress and Early Cardiovascular Disease in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: The CARDEA Study. Can J Diabetes 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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19
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Masse M, Navarro NS, Mcnealis V, Harnois-Leblanc S, Lavoie JC, Friedrich MG, Van Hulst A, Nuyt AM, Bigras JL, Barnett T, Benedetti A, Mathieu MÈ, Drapeau V, Henderson M. Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: The CARDEA Study. Can J Diabetes 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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de Fátima Guimarães R, Gilbert JA, Drapeau V, Mathieu ME. Healthier Lifestyle for Girls Who Accumulate More Years in the FitSpirit School-Based Intervention. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022; 16:633-640. [PMID: 36072691 DOI: 10.1177/1559827620964764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim was to verify in a group of adolescent girls undergoing a school-based intervention if the number of years of participation in the intervention is related to healthy lifestyle habits, body weight status, and perceived health. Cross-sectional analysis of the FitSpirit data was performed. Body mass index, lifestyle variables, and perceived health were collected through an online questionnaire. Chi-square test, Fisher's test, and ANOVA were performed. Mean age of the 272 girls was 14.7 ± 1.5 years. Higher percentage of girls with 3 or more years of participation met the recommendations for physical activity (PA) and sleep duration (P < .05). Girls who participated ≥3 years showed higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous PA than girls with 1 and 2 years of participation (P < .01). No differences were found between the number of years of participation and body mass index, screen time, fruit/vegetable consumption, or perceived health. A healthier body weight status and following recommendations for healthier habits (PA, screen time, sleep, fruit/vegetable consumption) were related to better perceived health (P < .05). Girls with more years in FitSpirit had healthier lifestyle habits (PA and sleep) compared to those with fewer years. A healthier body weight status and meeting healthy lifestyle recommendations were related to better perceived health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseane de Fátima Guimarães
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique de la Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jo-Anne Gilbert
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique de la Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels, Université de Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Mathieu
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique de la Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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21
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Choi BSY, Brunelle L, Pilon G, Cautela BG, Tompkins TA, Drapeau V, Marette A, Tremblay A. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HA-114 improves eating behaviors and mood-related factors in adults with overweight during weight loss: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr Neurosci 2022; 26:667-679. [PMID: 35714163 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2081288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Gut microbiota has emerged as a modifiable factor influencing obesity and metabolic diseases. Interventions targeting this microbial community could attenuate biological and psychological comorbidities of excess weight. Objective: Our aim was to determine if Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HA-114 supplementation accentuated beneficial impact of weight loss on metabolic and cognitive health. Methods: This 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed biological markers of energy metabolism, eating behaviors and mood-related factors in 152 adults with overweight receiving L. rhamnosus HA-114 supplementation or placebo, that were also on a dietary intervention inducing a controlled weight loss. Results: Although probiotic supplementation did not potentiate the reduction in body weight or fat mass, a significant decrease in plasma insulin, HOMA-IR, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides was observed in the probiotic-supplemented group only. With respect to eating behaviors and mood-related factors, beneficial effects were either observed only in the group receiving probiotic supplementation or were significantly greater in this group, including decrease in binge eating tendencies, disinhibition and food-cravings. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the clinical relevance of probiotic supplementation to induce beneficial metabolic and psychological outcomes in individuals with overweight undergoing weight loss.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02962583.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice S-Y Choi
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Lucie Brunelle
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Vicky Drapeau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, Canada
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22
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Harnois-Leblanc S, Van Hulst A, Ybarra M, Barnett TA, Mathieu MÈ, McGrath JJ, Tremblay A, Paradis G, Drapeau V, Sylvestre MP, Henderson M. Natural history and determinants of dysglycemia in Canadian children with parental obesity from ages 8-10 to 15-17 years: The QUALITY cohort. Pediatr Diabetes 2022; 23:274-285. [PMID: 35023257 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In children, the mechanisms implicated in deterioration of glucose homeostasis versus reversion to normal glucose tolerance (NGT) remain uncertain. We aimed to describe the natural history of dysglycemia from childhood to late adolescence and to identify its early determinants. We used baseline (8-10 years, n = 630), 1st follow-up (10-12 years, n = 564) and 2nd follow-up (15-17 years, n = 377) data from the QUALITY cohort of White Canadian children with parental obesity. Children underwent a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test at each cycle with plasma glucose and insulin measured at 0/30/60/90/120 min. American Diabetes Association criteria defined dysglycemia (impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes). Longitudinal patterns of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function were estimated using generalized additive mixed models. Model averaging identified biological, sociodemographic and lifestyle-related determinants of dysglycemia. Of the children NGT at baseline, 66 (21%) developed dysglycemia without reverting to NGT. Among children with dysglycemia at baseline, 24 (73%) reverted to NGT. In children with dysglycemia at 1st follow-up, 18 (53%) later reverted to NGT. Among biological, sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants at 8-10 years, only fasting and 2-h glucose were associated with developing dysglycemia (odds ratio [95% CI] per 1 mmol/L increase: 4.50 [1.06; 19.02] and 1.74 [1.11; 2.73], respectively). Beta-cell function decreased by 40% in children with overweight or obesity. In conclusion, up to 75% of children with dysglycemia reverted to NGT during puberty. Children with higher fasting and 2-h glucose were at higher risk for progression to dysglycemia, while no demographic/lifestyle determinants were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soren Harnois-Leblanc
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andraea Van Hulst
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marina Ybarra
- Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tracie A Barnett
- Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Mathieu
- Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jennifer J McGrath
- PERFORM Centre and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Gilles Paradis
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Sylvestre
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Henderson
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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23
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Jacob R, Tremblay A, Fildes A, Llewellyn C, Beeken RJ, Panahi S, Provencher V, Drapeau V. Validation of the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire adapted for the French-speaking Canadian population. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:1163-1179. [PMID: 34185309 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ) is a newly developed questionnaire adapted from the widely used Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. This questionnaire assesses four food approach scales, namely hunger, food responsiveness, emotional overeating (EOE) and enjoyment of food, and four food avoidance scales, namely satiety responsiveness (SR), emotional undereating (EUE), food fussiness and slowness in eating (SE). This study aimed to validate a French version of the AEBQ in controlled conditions among French-speaking adults from Quebec, Canada. METHODS The AEBQ was pre-tested through structured interviews with 30 individuals. Participants of the validation study (n = 197, aged 19-65 years) had their height and weight measured and completed the AEBQ, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) and Intuitive Eating Scale-2 to assess factorial structure, internal consistency and construct validity. Test-retest reliability over 2 weeks was assessed among 144 participants. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis indicated an excellent model fit (NNFI = 0.98, CFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.03, χ2/df = 1.17) and provided support for the use of the original 8-factor questionnaire. Internal consistency was adequate for most scales (Cronbach's alpha = 0.66-0.94) and moderate to excellent test-retest reliability was observed for all scales (ICC = 0.70-90). Women showed higher levels of EOE and SR, and individuals with overweight and obesity showed higher levels of EOE and lower levels of EUE and SE. Construct validity was also supported by expected correlations with disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger from the TFEQ and intuitive eating. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the French AEBQ is a valid and reliable tool to measure eating behaviours in the adult population of Quebec. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies. The data are cross-sectional, but all measurement were undertaken in controlled laboratory conditions and the study provided new information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Jacob
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, G1V 0A6, Quebec, Canada.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, G1V 0A6, Quebec, Canada.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Alison Fildes
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Clare Llewellyn
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Rebecca J Beeken
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, G1V 0A6, Quebec, Canada.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Laval University, QC, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, G1V 0A6, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, G1V 0A6, Quebec, Canada. .,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada. .,Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Laval University, QC, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada.
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Pérusse L, Jacob R, Drapeau V, Llewellyn C, Arsenault BJ, Bureau A, Labonté MÈ, Tremblay A, Vohl MC. Understanding gene-lifestyle interaction in obesity: the role of mediation versus moderation. Lifestyle Genom 2022; 15:67-76. [PMID: 35231909 DOI: 10.1159/000523813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity results from complex interactions between genetic susceptibility to weight gain and poor eating and lifestyle behaviors. The approach that has been traditionally used in genetics to investigate gene-environment/lifestyle interaction in obesity is based on the concept of moderation, or effect modification. Another approach called mediation analysis can be used to investigate gene-environment interaction in obesity. The objective of this review article is to explain the differences between the concepts of moderation and mediation and summarize the studies that have used mediation analysis to support the role of eating or lifestyle behaviors as putative mediators of genetic susceptibility to obesity. SUMMARY Moderation is used to determine whether the effect of an exposure (genes associated with obesity) on an outcome (obesity phenotype) differs in magnitude and/or direction across the spectrum of environmental exposure. Mediation analysis is used to assess the extent to which the effect of the exposure on the outcome is explained by a given set of hypothesized mediators with the aim of understanding how the exposure could lead to the outcome. In comparison with moderation, relatively few studies used mediation analyses to investigate gene-environment in obesity. Most studies found evidence that traits related to appetite or eating behaviors partly mediated genetic susceptibility to obesity in either children or adults. Key messages: Moderation and mediation represent two complementary approaches to investigate gene-environment interaction in obesity and address different research questions pertaining to the cause-effect relationship between genetic susceptibility to obesity and various obesity outcomes. More studies relying on mediation are needed to better understand the role eating and lifestyle habits in mediating genetic susceptibility to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Pérusse
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Raphaëlle Jacob
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Clare Llewellyn
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benoit J Arsenault
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Bureau
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Labonté
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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25
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Larose D, Panahi S, Jacob R, Drapeau V. Evaluation of a randomized nutrition intervention combining nutrition education and cooking workshops on dietary intakes and psychosocial determinants of performance in university football athletes. Facets (Ott) 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2021-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although nutrition influences performance, many athletes, including football players, do not meet nutritional requirements for their sport. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a nutrition intervention combining nutrition education and cooking workshops on nutrition knowledge, intention, and perceived behavioral control in the preparation of healthy meals, dietary intakes, and diet quality in male university football players. Athletes ( n = 23; age: 22 ± 1 year) were randomly assigned to an intervention (2 h/week) ( n = 13) or control group ( n = 10) over three weeks. Questionnaires were completed before (pre), immediately after (post 1), and two months after the intervention (post 2). Dietary intakes and diet quality were evaluated from three web-based 24-h dietary recalls per visit. Mixed linear models for repeated measures with Tukey’s post hoc test were performed to determine the effects of the intervention on all outcomes. There was a group by time interaction for nutrition knowledge ( p = 0.002) that was higher immediately after and two months after the intervention compared to the control group. No differences on other outcomes were observed. Combining nutrition education and cooking workshops improved nutrition knowledge, but did not affect intention and perceived behavioral control in the preparation of healthy meals, dietary intakes, and diet quality in male university football athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Larose
- Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Hung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Hung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Raphaëlle Jacob
- Quebec Heart and Hung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Quebec Heart and Hung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Jacob R, Bertrand C, Llewellyn C, Couture C, Labonté MÈ, Tremblay A, Bouchard C, Drapeau V, Pérusse L. Dietary Mediators of the Genetic Susceptibility to Obesity-Results from the Quebec Family Study. J Nutr 2021; 152:49-58. [PMID: 34610139 PMCID: PMC8754573 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies showed that eating behaviors such as disinhibition, emotional and external eating, and snacking mediate genetic susceptibility to obesity. It remains unknown if diet quality and intake of specific food groups also mediate the genetic susceptibility to obesity. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess if diet quality and intakes of specific food groups mediate the association between a polygenic risk score (PRS) for BMI and BMI and waist circumference (WC). We hypothesized that poor diet quality, high intakes of energy-dense food groups, and low intakes of nutrient-dense food groups mediate the genetic susceptibility to obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 750 participants (56.3% women, aged 41.5 ± 14.9 y, BMI 27.8 ± 7.5 kg/m2) from the Quebec Family Study. A PRSBMI based on >500,000 genetic variants was calculated using LDpred2. Dietary intakes were assessed with a 3-d food record from which a diet quality score (i.e. Nutrient Rich Food Index 6.3) and food groups were derived. Mediation analyses were conducted using a regression-based and bootstrapping approach. RESULTS The PRSBMI explained 25.7% and 19.8% of the variance in BMI and WC, respectively. The association between PRSBMI and BMI was partly mediated by poor diet quality (β = 0.33 ± 0.12; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.60), high intakes of fat and high-fat foods (β = 0.46 ± 0.16; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.79) and sugar-sweetened beverages (β = 0.25 ± 0.14; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.60), and low intakes of vegetables (β = 0.15 ± 0.08; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.32), fruits (β = 0.37 ± 0.12; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.64), and dairy products (β = 0.17 ± 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.37). The same trends were observed for WC. CONCLUSIONS The genetic susceptibility to obesity was partly mediated by poor diet quality and intakes of specific food groups. These results suggest that improvement in diet quality may reduce obesity risk among individuals with high genetic susceptibility and emphasize the need to intervene on diet quality among these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Jacob
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Bertrand
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clare Llewellyn
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Couture
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Labonté
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
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27
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Tremblay A, Fogelholm M, Jalo E, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Adam TC, Huttunen-Lenz M, Stratton G, Lam T, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Handjiev S, Martinez JA, Macdonald IA, Simpson EJ, Brand-Miller J, Muirhead R, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Larsen TM, Vestentoft PS, Schlicht W, Drapeau V, Raben A. What Is the Profile of Overweight Individuals Who Are Unsuccessful Responders to a Low-Energy Diet? A PREVIEW Sub-study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:707682. [PMID: 34796192 PMCID: PMC8593278 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.707682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the profile of overweight individuals with pre-diabetes enrolled in PREVIEW who were unable to achieve a body weight loss of ≥8% of the baseline value in response to a 2-month low-energy diet (LED). Their baseline profile reflected potential stress-related vulnerability that predicted a reduced response of body weight to a LED programme. The mean daily energy deficit maintained by unsuccessful weight responders of both sexes was less than the estimated level in successful female (656 vs. 1,299 kcal, p < 0.01) and male (815 vs. 1,659 kcal, p < 0.01) responders. Despite this smaller energy deficit, unsuccessful responders displayed less favorable changes in susceptibility to hunger and appetite sensations. They also did not benefit from the intervention regarding the ability to improve sleep quality. In summary, these results show that some individuals display a behavioral vulnerability which may reduce the ability to lose weight in response to a diet-based weight loss program. They also suggest that this vulnerability may be accentuated by a prolonged diet restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tanja C Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute of Nursing Science, University of Education, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Gareth Stratton
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences A-STEM Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Lam
- NetUnion sarl, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Instituto de Salude Carlos III, Madrid Spain and IMDEA Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth J Simpson
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centro de Investigaçao em Tecnologias e Serciços de Saûde (CINTESIS), NOVA Medical School NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Thomas M Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pia Siig Vestentoft
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuggart, Stuggart, Germany
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen and Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
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28
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Harnois-Leblanc S, Mcnealis V, Friedrich M, Hulst AV, Nuyt AM, Bigras JL, Barnett T, Benedetti A, Mathieu ME, Drapeau V, Sylvestre MP, Henderson M. Role of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior on Early Markers of Cardiovascular Disease in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: The CARDEA Study. Can J Diabetes 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Background: To examine the association between body size perception (BSP) and body size dissatisfaction (BSD) in elementary school children and to document the potential contribution of individual factors [age, sex, and actual body size (BMI Z-scores: BMIZ)] that may influence their relationship. Methods: This study included 269 children (124 boys and 145 girls) between 6 and 13 years of age (9.2 ± 1.6 years). The BSP score was calculated as the difference between the perceived actual body size and BMIZ (actual body size). A negative BSP score indicated an underestimation of their body size. To assess the BSD score, the difference between perceived actual body size and desired body size was calculated. A positive BSD score indicated a desire to be thinner. Results: Perceived actual body size was smaller than BMIZ, independent of age group and weight status. Overall, 64% of children underestimated their body size. The young children living with obesity demonstrated the highest misperception. Results also showed that the proportion of children who desired to be thinner was higher in overweight and obese subgroups. No significant relationship was found between BSP and BSD scores in the entire sample, while a positive association was observed among younger children in the normal-weight and obese subgroups (r = 0.40; p < 0.001 and r = 0.78; p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Underestimation and dissatisfaction of body size are more prevalent in children living with overweight/obesity. Moreover, there is an association between BSP and dissatisfaction, yet this association is dependent on age and weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Bordeleau
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval (IUCPQ-UL), Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Interuniversitaire sur la Formation et Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Leduc
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval (IUCPQ-UL), Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Claudine Blanchet
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval (IUCPQ-UL), Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Interuniversitaire sur la Formation et Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Natalie Alméras
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval (IUCPQ-UL), Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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Henderson M, Friedrich M, Van Hulst A, Pelletier C, Barnett TA, Benedetti A, Bigras JL, Drapeau V, Lavoie JC, Levy E, Mathieu ME, Nuyt AM. CARDEA study protocol: investigating early markers of cardiovascular disease and their association with lifestyle habits, inflammation and oxidative stress in adolescence using a cross-sectional comparison of adolescents with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046585. [PMID: 34497076 PMCID: PMC8438758 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known regarding associations between potentially modifiable lifestyle habits and early markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D), hindering early prevention efforts. Specific objectives are: (1) compare established risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypertension) with novel early markers for CVD (cardiac phenotype, aortic distensibility, endothelial function) in adolescents with T1D and healthy age-matched and sex-matched controls; (2) examine associations between these novel early markers with: (i) lifestyle habits; (ii) adipokines and measures of inflammation; and (iii) markers of oxidative stress among adolescents with T1D and controls, and determine group differences in these associations; (3) explore, across both groups, associations between CVD markers and residential neighbourhood features. METHODS AND ANALYSES Using a cross-sectional design, we will compare 100 participants aged 14-18 years with T1D to 100 healthy controls. Measures include: anthropometrics; stage of sexual maturity (Tanner stages); physical activity (7-day accelerometry); sleep and sedentary behaviour (self-report and accelerometry); fitness (peak oxygen consumption); and dietary intake (three non-consecutive 24- hour dietary recalls). Repeated measures of blood pressure will be obtained. Lipid profiles will be determined after a 12- hour fast. Cardiac structure/function: non-contrast cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) images will evaluate volume, mass, systolic and diastolic function and myocardial fibrosis. Aortic distensibility will be determined by pulse wave velocity with elasticity and resistance studies at the central aorta. Endothelial function will be determined by flow-mediated dilation. Inflammatory markers include plasma leptin, adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), type I and type II TNF-α soluble receptors and interleukin-6 concentrations. Measures of endogenous antioxidants include manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione in blood. Neighbourhood features include built and social environment indicators and air quality. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Ethics Board. Written informed assent and consent will be obtained from participants and their parents. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04304729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Henderson
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Matthias Friedrich
- Department of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andraea Van Hulst
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Pelletier
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tracie A Barnett
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Luc Bigras
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Lavoie
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Mathieu
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne-Monique Nuyt
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Lapierre J, Croteau S, Gagnon MP, Caillouette J, Robichaud F, Bouchard S, Côté J, Aboulhouda I, Ménard K, Picard S, Myette ÈM, Drapeau V, Vissandjée B, Kankindi B, Doré C. Télésanté en contexte de pandémie et de déconfinement : pratiques infirmières innovantes et partenariats pour des communautés équitables, sécuritaires et durables. Glob Health Promot 2021. [PMID: 33843345 PMCID: PMC7897540 DOI: 10.1177/1757975920980720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
La télésanté connait un essor fulgurant en ce contexte de pandémie. Or, en cette période d’insécurité mondiale, la santé préventive reprend ses droits. En période de déconfinement, la discipline et la cohésion sociale peuvent se relâcher. Cette enquête sociale vise à décrire un programme d'intervention à distance, réalisé en partenariat avec des locataires de logement communautaire, des infirmières et des étudiantes pour soutenir la littératie en santé au temps de la COVID-19. Le Programme de déconfinement en toute sécurité vise à renforcer les mesures préventives et de soutien avec des groupes en contexte de vulnérabilités économiques et sociales à l’aide de la télésanté. Les infirmières ont développé des pratiques cliniques et psychosociales et renforcé la littératie en santé, soutenant les mesures de santé publique post-COVID-19, surveillant l’éclosion de nouveaux foyers et apaisant les souffrances issues du confinement. À l’aide de cibles de performance des systèmes de santé et d’une perspective de justice sociale, nous avons documenté les défis, les leviers et les menaces à l’usage des pratiques à distance en prévention. Vecteur d’une approche intégrée, la télésanté préventive peut cibler simultanément, la lutte contre les maladies non transmissibles et transmissibles et les inégalités. La pandémie de COVID-19 renvoie à un nouvel équilibre des enjeux qui exige un accompagnement et des pratiques de santé communautaire engagées et critiques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvain Croteau
- Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux de l'Outaouais du Québec, Gatineau, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - José Côté
- Faculté des sciences infirmiéres, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bilkis Vissandjée
- Faculté des sciences infirmiéres, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Christina Doré
- Université du Québec en Abitibi Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, Canada
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Leduc G, Gilbert JA, Ayotte A, Moreau N, Drapeau V, Lemoyne J, Monthuy-Blanc J, Tremblay J, Mathieu ME. The FitSpirit approach for increasing physical activity in canadian teenage girls: protocol of a longitudinal, quasi-experimental study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:229. [PMID: 33509155 PMCID: PMC7841897 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Worldwide, most adolescent girls do not meet physical activity (PA) recommendations and very few PA programs are tailored specifically towards them. Even fewer information exists about the long-term effects of such programs. Some Canadian schools have implemented the FitSpirit PA intervention designed specifically for girls aged 12 to 17 years old. This paper describes the protocol of a quasi-experimental study evaluating long-term changes in health behaviours and outcomes following FitSpirit participation. Methods The study is conducted among schools that partner with FitSpirit every year. It started in 2018 and will be completed in 2022. The intervention comprises motivational talks, a turnkey running program, PA sessions and special events. Study participants fill out an online questionnaire twice a year. Follow-up questionnaires are sent at the end of each school year to the study participants who dropout from FitSpirit. The main outcome, changes in PA levels, is evaluated using questions validated for adolescents. Secondary outcomes are health (perceived health); lifestyle habits (sedentary activities, eating and sleeping habits); psychosocial outcomes (physical self-efficacy and body satisfaction); and FitSpirit appreciation (activity participation and satisfaction). Most questions originate from questionnaires validated for the adolescent population. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses will be performed. Discussion This study will provide one of the first longitudinal reports on the impact of a large extra-curricular PA intervention designed specifically for adolescent girls. The current study will uniquely contribute to PA research by assessing outcomes additional to PA levels, including markers of health, lifestyle habits and psychosocial determinants. Trial registration NCT, NCT03804151, Registered on January 22, 2019; retrospectively registered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10200-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Leduc
- FitSpirit, 141, rue Saint-Charles, Bureau 4, Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec, J7E 2A9, Canada
| | - Jo-Anne Gilbert
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alexandra Ayotte
- FitSpirit, 141, rue Saint-Charles, Bureau 4, Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec, J7E 2A9, Canada
| | - Nicolas Moreau
- School of Social Work, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Département d'éducation physique, Université Laval, 2300 Rue de la Terrasse, Quebec City, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean Lemoyne
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Johana Monthuy-Blanc
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Jonathan Tremblay
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Mathieu
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada. .,Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada.
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Saidj S, Ruchat SM, Henderson M, Drapeau V, Mathieu ME. Which healthy lifestyle habits mitigate the risk of obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in Caucasian children exposed to in utero adverse gestational factors? Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:286-296. [PMID: 33121841 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study explored if lifestyle habits [physical activity (PA), sleep duration, intake of fruits and vegetables, grains, and dairy products] can moderate the positive associations between prenatal exposure to suboptimal gestational factors (SGF: i.e. gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, maternal smoking during pregnancy) and obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. METHODS AND RESULTS Data from the "Quebec Adiposity and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth" (QUALITY) study collected between 2005 - 2008 in Montreal and Quebec City, were used. Analyses included a sample of 619 children aged 8-10 years. Children's PA and sleep duration were obtained using an accelerometer and daily servings of food were assessed using three 24 h diet recalls. Moderation analyses were performed to investigate if each lifestyle habit, in all children, and in boys and girls, could reduce the positive associations between SGF, and obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors. High LPA duration was protective against low levels of HDL cholesterol in boys who were exposed to more than one SGF (p = 0.005). Sleep duration did not have a protective effect respectively against high waist circumference and obesity in children and girls who were prenatally exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Diet and MVPA did not moderate the positive associations between SGF, obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. CONCLUSION Among the three lifestyle habits, only LPA had a protective effect against low levels of HDL-cholesterol in boys. More studies are needed to confirm these results to inform future lifestyle intervention in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Saidj
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephanie-M Ruchat
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Melanie Henderson
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Université de Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-E Mathieu
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Kheir F, Feeley N, Maximova K, Drapeau V, Henderson M, Van Hulst A. Breastfeeding duration in infancy and dietary intake in childhood and adolescence. Appetite 2020; 158:104999. [PMID: 33058954 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although several studies have focused on associations between breastfeeding and child obesity, few have focused on associations with dietary intake. We examined associations between breastfeeding duration in infancy and dietary intake in childhood and explored whether associations are still observed in adolescence. The QUALITY (QUebec Adipose and Lifestyle InvesTigation in Youth) cohort includes 630 children aged 8-10 years at baseline (T1) who have at least one parent with obesity. A follow-up assessment was done 7 years later (T2) when participants were aged 15-17 years (n=377). Non-exclusive breastfeeding duration was evaluated at T1 using a parent questionnaire (never, < 3 months, 3-6 months, > 6 months). Dietary intake was assessed at T1 and T2 using three 24-h diet recalls, namely daily servings of vegetables (≥ 2 vs < 2), fruits (≥ 2 vs < 2), vegetables and fruits combined (≥ 5 vs < 5), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) (none vs any), and an overall diet quality index (DQI-I) (good vs poor). Multiple logistic regressions, adjusted for age, sex and total kilocalorie intake of the child, for age and body mass index of the mother, and for parental education and income were used. Compared to children breastfed > 6 months (reference group), those never breastfed or breastfed for 3-6 months were 42% (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34-0.96) and 38% (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.39-1.00) less likely to consume ≥ 2 servings of vegetables per day at 8-10 years, respectively, while no association was found for those breastfed < 3 months. Compared to children breastfed > 6 months, those never breastfed were 1.8 times more likely to drink any SSB (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.03-3.22). No associations were found for other diet indicators, and associations observed in childhood were no longer found by adolescence. In this cohort, breastfeeding was associated with greater vegetable intake and the avoidance of SSB in childhood, but not in adolescence, nor were associations found for fruit intake or overall diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Kheir
- Ingram School of Nursing McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Nancy Feeley
- Ingram School of Nursing McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Center for Nursing Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Katerina Maximova
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Faculty of Education, Department of Physical Education, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.
| | - Mélanie Henderson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal and Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada.
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Tremblay A, Clinchamps M, Pereira B, Courteix D, Lesourd B, Chapier R, Obert P, Vinet A, Walther G, Chaplais E, Bagheri R, Baker JS, Thivel D, Drapeau V, Dutheil F. Dietary Fibres and the Management of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: The RESOLVE Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102911. [PMID: 32977595 PMCID: PMC7650763 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the long-term maintenance of nutritional changes promoted during an intensive initial intervention to induce body weight loss. The ability of these changes to predict long-term health outcomes was also examined. Methods: Nutritional variables, body composition, and metabolic markers collected in the RESOLVE project were analyzed before and after a 3-week intensive diet–exercise intervention (Phase 1), and during a subsequent supervision under free living conditions, of 12 months (Phase 2). Results: As expected, the macronutrient composition of the diet was modified to promote a negative energy balance during Phase 1. The decrease in carbohydrates imposed during this phase was maintained during Phase 2 whereas the increase in protein intake returned to baseline values at the end of the program. Dietary fiber intake was almost doubled during Phase 1 and remained significantly greater than baseline values throughout Phase 2. Moreover, fiber intake was the only nutritional variable that systematically and significantly predicted variations of health outcomes in the study. Conclusion: The adequacy of dietary fiber intake should be a matter of primary consideration in diet-based weight reduction programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Tremblay
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +418-656-7294; Fax: +418-656-3044
| | - Maëlys Clinchamps
- Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.C.); (B.L.); (D.T.)
| | - Bruno Lesourd
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.C.); (B.L.); (D.T.)
| | | | - Philippe Obert
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharm-ecology (LaPEC EA4278), Université d’Avignon, 84000 Avignon, France; (P.O.); (A.V.); (G.W.)
| | - Agnes Vinet
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharm-ecology (LaPEC EA4278), Université d’Avignon, 84000 Avignon, France; (P.O.); (A.V.); (G.W.)
| | - Guillaume Walther
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharm-ecology (LaPEC EA4278), Université d’Avignon, 84000 Avignon, France; (P.O.); (A.V.); (G.W.)
| | - Elodie Chaplais
- Laboratory “Development, Adaption and Disability” (DevAH-EA 3450), Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France;
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran;
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong;
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.C.); (B.L.); (D.T.)
- Physical Institut, Universitaire de France, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.C.); (B.L.); (D.T.)
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.C.); (F.D.)
- Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, LaPSCo, CNRS, University Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Witty Fit, 75000 Paris, France
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Paiement K, Drapeau V, Gilbert JA, Lemoyne J, Moreau N, Monthuy-Blanc J, Tremblay J, Marcil V, Mathieu ME. Changes in Lifestyle Habits among Adolescent Girls after FitSpirit Participation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17124388. [PMID: 32570878 PMCID: PMC7346009 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial time in the development and maintenance of lifestyle habits. Interventions to improve health-related behaviors are important, including those that can contribute to an increase in physical activity (PA). During adolescence, PA typically decreases with age, particularly in girls. The FitSpirit program offers services that help Canadian schools from Quebec and Ontario implement PA interventions for adolescent girls. This study aimed to evaluate changes in participants' PA levels and lifestyle habits (sedentary time, sleep duration and eating habits) and to assess whether these changes depended on adherence to the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Canada's Food Guide recommendations at enrollment. At the time of FitSpirit registration (between December 2018 and March 2019) and in May/June 2019, 73 participants answered online questionnaires. The participants reported improvements, with an increase in the number of days with PA and a decrease in daily consumption of sweets. The greatest changes were observed in those who did not adhere to the Canadian recommendations before enrollment and who significantly increased their number of days with PA and their consumption of fruits and vegetables, and decreased their screen time. In conclusion, participation in FitSpirit improved several health behaviors among adolescent girls, particularly those who did not comply with the Canadian recommendations at enrollment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Paiement
- École de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de L’activité Physique, Université de Montréal, 2100 boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (K.P.); (J.-A.G.); (J.T.)
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, 2405 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada;
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Département D’éducation Physique, Université Laval, 2300 rue de la Terrasse, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Jo-Anne Gilbert
- École de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de L’activité Physique, Université de Montréal, 2100 boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (K.P.); (J.-A.G.); (J.T.)
| | - Jean Lemoyne
- Département des Sciences de L’act. Physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 33351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada;
| | - Nicolas Moreau
- School of Social Work, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
| | - Johana Monthuy-Blanc
- GR2TCA-Loricorps, Groupe de Recherche Transdisciplinaire des Troubles du Comportement Alimentaire, Département des Sciences de l’Éducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 33351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada;
| | - Jonathan Tremblay
- École de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de L’activité Physique, Université de Montréal, 2100 boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (K.P.); (J.-A.G.); (J.T.)
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, 2405 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada;
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Mathieu
- École de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de L’activité Physique, Université de Montréal, 2100 boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (K.P.); (J.-A.G.); (J.T.)
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-343-6736
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Jacob R, Motard-Bélanger A, Provencher V, Fernandez MA, Gayraud H, Drapeau V. Influence of Cooking Workshops on Cooking Skills and Knowledge among Children Attending Summer Day Camps. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2020; 81:86-90. [DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2019-030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to measure the influence of the Chefs in Action program (3 cooking workshops) on cooking skills, nutrition knowledge, and attitudes towards healthy eating in children attending summer day camps and compare it with a single cooking workshop. Groups of children (8–12 years) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 25) or to 1 of 3 comparison groups performing a single workshop (group 1, n = 16; group 2, n = 36; group 3, n = 24). Two dietitians evaluated cooking skills during the workshops. Nutrition knowledge and attitudes towards healthy eating were assessed before and after the intervention. No improvement in cooking skills was observed in the intervention group (P = 0.25). The intervention group’s cooking skills score was significantly higher than comparison group 1 (P < 0.001). Nutrition knowledge was significantly improved in the intervention group and the comparison group 3 (P < 0.0001) but no effect on attitudes towards healthy eating was observed (Pgroup × time = 0.36). In conclusion, the Chefs in Action program positively impacted nutrition knowledge in children. The results also suggest that the type of recipe may influence nutrition knowledge and cooking skills. Further studies are needed to better assess the degree of difficulty required in cooking workshop recipes to improve cooking skills in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Jacob
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, QC
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, QC
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, QC
- Centre recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Laval University, Quebec, QC
| | | | - Véronique Provencher
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, QC
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, QC
| | - Melissa Anne Fernandez
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, QC
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, QC
| | | | - Vicky Drapeau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, QC
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, QC
- Centre recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Laval University, Quebec, QC
- Department of Physical Education, Laval University, Quebec, QC
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Jacob R, Tremblay A, Panahi S, Provencher V, Drapeau V. Is the timing of food intake a potential indicator of low weight loss responders? A secondary analysis of three weight loss studies. Clin Obes 2020; 10:e12360. [PMID: 32441491 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Individual variability in weight loss in response to a weight loss intervention is commonly observed. Recently, the timing of food intake has been identified as one possible factor implicated in obesity and weight loss. The objective of this study was to further characterize low weight loss responders by assessing the pre-diet distribution of daily energy and macronutrient intakes. A pooled cohort of men and women (n = 122; aged 39.1 ± 8.2 years; body mass index [BMI] 33.1 ± 3.8 kg/m2 ) who participated in a 12 to 15 week energy-restricted intervention (-500 to -700 kcal/d) were included in this study. Participants were categorized into two weight loss groups (ie, low [-1.3 ± 2.3 kg] and high [-6.1 ± 2.1 kg] weight loss). Food intake and distribution of energy and macronutrient intakes were assessed using a 3-day food record at baseline. The daily distribution of energy intake (% of total energy intake) was similar in the two weight loss groups with the exception of the low weight loss group who consumed a slightly lower proportion of their total energy intake before 9:00 am compared with the high weight loss group (12.5% ± 5.8% vs 15.0% ± 6.6%, respectively, P = .03). In the low weight loss group, the percentage of energy intake consumed after 8:00 pm was positively associated with total energy intake (r = 0.27, P = .04). The results of this study suggest that the timing of food intake measured prior to a weight loss intervention does not permit the characterization of low weight loss responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Jacob
- Centre NUTRISS, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Centre NUTRISS, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Centre NUTRISS, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Centre NUTRISS, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Centre NUTRISS, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Fillon A, Masurier J, Pereira B, Miguet M, Mathieu ME, Drapeau V, Tremblay A, Boirie Y, Thivel D. Usefulness of the satiety quotient in a clinical pediatric obesity context. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 74:930-937. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jacob R, Couture S, Lamarche B, Provencher V, Morissette É, Valois P, Goulet C, Drapeau V. Determinants of coaches' intentions to provide different recommendations on sports nutrition to their athletes. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2019; 16:57. [PMID: 31775807 PMCID: PMC6880347 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-019-0311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coaches are considered as an important source of nutrition information by their athletes. However, their knowledge in this area is often insufficient for proper guidance and may lead to the dissemination of misinformation regarding sports nutrition. The aim of this study was to assess coaches' intentions as well as psychosocial determinants underlying their intentions to provide sports nutrition recommendations to their high school athletes. METHODS Coaches (n = 47) completed a Web-based questionnaire based on the theory of planned behaviour, to assess their intentions to provide three different sports nutrition recommendations and their determinants. Multiple regression analyses were used to identify the variables that were most strongly related to the intentions. RESULTS Forty-six, 44.7 and 91.9% of coaches had the intention to recommend a higher consumption of foods rich in carbohydrates, foods rich in proteins and an increase in hydration to their athletes, respectively. Subjective norm was the only significant determinant of coaches' intention to recommend a higher consumption of foods rich in carbohydrates (R2 = 53.7%, β = 0.73 ± 0.12, P < 0.0001). Subjective norm and perceived behavioural control were significantly associated with coaches' intentions to recommend a higher consumption of foods rich in proteins (R2 = 25.9%, β = 0.50 ± 0.16, P = 0.002 and R2 = 17.2%, β = 0.39 ± 0.17, P = 0.01, respectively) and an increase in hydration (R2 = 26.8%, β = 0.38 ± 0.13, P = 0.001 and R2 = 46.3%, β = 0.58 ± 0.11, P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that subjective norm and perceived behavioural control represent important determinants of coaches' intentions to provide recommendations on sports nutrition. These findings should be considered in future interventions aimed at facilitating proper general sports nutrition recommendations provided by coaches to their athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Jacob
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada.,Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Steven Couture
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Éliane Morissette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Pierre Valois
- Department of Educational Fundamentals and Practices, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Claude Goulet
- Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Department of Physical Education, Laval University, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada. .,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada. .,Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la formation et la profession enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada. .,Department of Physical Education, Laval University, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Plante AS, Lemieux S, Drouin-Chartier JP, Weisnagel SJ, Robitaille J, Drapeau V, Provencher V, Morisset AS. Changes in Eating Behaviours Throughout Pregnancy: Associations with Gestational Weight Gain and Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2019; 42:54-60. [PMID: 31289011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most pregnant women gain weight above recommended levels, and this weight gain affects mothers' and children's health. Factors influencing gestational weight gain (GWG) are numerous and include eating behaviours. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between eating behaviours and GWG while considering pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). METHODS Fifty-three (n = 53) women were recruited at 9.4 ± 0.6 gestational weeks. At each trimester, they completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, which evaluates disinhibition, dietary restraint, and susceptibility to hunger. Using a weight gain curve, trimester-specific GWG was calculated with interpolated weights. Total GWG was calculated as the difference between maternal weight before delivery and self-reported pre-pregnancy weight (Canadian Task Force Classification II-2). RESULTS Women were aged 31.5 ± 3.5, and 81.1% had a university degree. The proportion of women who gained weight within recommendations was 21%, 28%, and 26%, at each trimester, respectively, and 38% for total pregnancy. Overall, dietary restraint score was lower in the third trimester in comparison with the first (6.1 ± 4.1 vs. 7.2 ± 4.6; P = 0.049), whereas no difference was observed for disinhibition or susceptibility to hunger. Our data suggest that variations in eating behaviours throughout pregnancy were similar among women who exhibited total GWG below, within, or above recommendations (Ptrim × GWG = NS) (NS: not significant; trim: trimester). Similar observations were reported when women were compared according to their pre-pregnancy BMI (Ptrim × BMI = NS). CONCLUSION Maintaining high levels of restraint may be challenging considering the increase in hunger, which could explain the decrease observed in dietary restraint scores. Changes in eating behaviours were not associated with total GWG or pre-pregnancy BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Plante
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC; Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC
| | - Simone Lemieux
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC
| | | | - S John Weisnagel
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC
| | - Julie Robitaille
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC; Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC; Department of Physical Education, Laval University, Québec City, QC; Québec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Centre, Québec City, QC
| | - Véronique Provencher
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC
| | - Anne-Sophie Morisset
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC; Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC.
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Steff M, Verney J, Marinau M, Perte S, Pereira B, Bryant E, Drapeau V, Chaput JP, Courteix D, Thivel D. Toward a Romanian version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21 for children and adolescents (CTFEQ-R21): Preliminary psychometric analysis and relation with body composition. Dev Period Med 2019; 23. [PMID: 30954981 PMCID: PMC8522344 DOI: 10.34763/devperiodmed.20192301.4553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a Romanian version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21 for children and adolescents CTFEQ-R21, and to assess its psychometric properties and factor structure. Associations between the present version of the CTFEQ-R21 and anthropometric measures as well as body composition were also examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS Material and methods: 153 children and adolescents (68 boys and 95 girls; 10.8±3.5 years) took part in this study (BMI of 17.7±3.1 kg/m²). The participants were first interviewed to ascertain their understanding of the CTFEQ-R21 and were then asked to self-complete the questionnaire. Height and weight were measured and body composition assessed using bio impedance analyzers (Tanita MC 780). RESULTS Results: The CTFEQ-R21 showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.78). Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.55 for CR (cognitive restriction), 0.75 for UE (Uncontrolled Eating), and 0.76 for EE (Emotional Eating) separately. UE and EE were found to be significantly correlated (r=0.54, p<0.05). The three factors explained 43% of the total variance. Correlation between CR, UE and EE with body weight, BMI and FFM were significant but low to moderate, with coefficients ranging from 0.20 to 0.37. The higher the CR, UE and EE tertiles, the higher the weight, fat mass (kg) and fat-free mass values. CONCLUSION Conclusions: According to the psychometric analysis of the questionnaire, the version of the CTFEQ-R21 proposed here is a satisfactory tool to assess eating behaviors in the Romanian child population that remains to be further developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Steff
- Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sports, Research Centre on Human Performance, University of Oradea, OradeaRomania
| | - Julien Verney
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P EA 3533), University of Blaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marius Marinau
- Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sports, Research Centre on Human Performance, University of Oradea, OradeaRomania
| | - Sergiu Perte
- Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sports, Research Centre on Human Performance, University of Oradea, OradeaRomania
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Eleonor Bryant
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P EA 3533), University of Blaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P EA 3533), University of Blaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France,David Thivel Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171 Aubière cedex, France Phone and fax: 0033 4 73 40 76 79
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Tremblay A, Dutheil F, Drapeau V, Metz L, Lesour B, Chapier R, Pereira B, Verney J, Baker JS, Vinet A, Walther G, Obert P, Courteix D, Thivel D. Long-term effects of high-intensity resistance and endurance exercise on plasma leptin and ghrelin in overweight individuals: the RESOLVE Study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:1172-1179. [PMID: 30875481 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity resistance and endurance exercise on body composition and plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations in overweight individuals. One hundred participants were randomly assigned to 3 exercise interventions: high-resistance-low-aerobic exercise (Re), low-resistance-high-aerobic exercise (rE), low-resistance-low-aerobic exercise (re). Interventions began with 3 weeks of residential supervision (phase 1) after which participants had to manage the physical activity programs individually (phase 2). Body composition and plasma variables were measured at baseline and after phase 1 as well as after 3, 6, and 12 months. Significant decreases in body weight and fat were observed after phase 1 (p < 0.001) and continued at a lower rate for up to 3 months and then remained stable for the rest of the protocol. Once a body weight plateau was reached, body fat loss after the Re and rE conditions exceeded the fat loss observed in the re condition by 1.5-2 kg (p < 0.05). Leptin was significantly decreased after day 21 and month 3 (p < 0.001) and remained stable for the rest of the study. Ghrelin was significantly increased after day 21 and month 3 (p < 0.001) and returned to a level comparable to baseline between month 6 and 12 when body weight and fat had reached a plateau. In conclusion, this study reinforces the idea that an increase in exercise intensity may accentuate body fat loss before the occurrence of a body weight plateau. Resistance to further fat loss was accompanied by a decrease in plasma leptin and an increase in plasma ghrelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Tremblay
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G0A 4V0, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec, QC G0A 4V0, Canada
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Faculty of Health, School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G0A 4V0, Canada.,Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lore Metz
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Lesour
- CHU G. Montpied, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Bruno Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University hospital, Biostatistics unit (DRCI), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Verney
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien S Baker
- Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Sciences, School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, Lanarkshire G72 0BN, Scotland, UK
| | - Agnes Vinet
- Avignon University LAPEC EA4278, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | | | - Philippe Obert
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G0A 4V0, Canada
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Roberge JB, Van Hulst A, Barnett TA, Drapeau V, Benedetti A, Tremblay A, Henderson M. Lifestyle Habits, Dietary Factors, and the Metabolically Unhealthy Obese Phenotype in Youth. J Pediatr 2019; 204:46-52.e1. [PMID: 30366774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether lifestyle habits and dietary factors at age 8-10 years predict the development of metabolically unhealthy obesity 2 years later among children who were previously metabolically healthy obese. STUDY DESIGN The QUebec Adipose and Lifestyle InvesTigation in Youth cohort comprises 630 youth with a parental history of obesity. Metabolically healthy obesity and metabolically unhealthy obesity were defined using cut-offs for the components of pediatric metabolic syndrome. Dietary factors, physical activity, fitness, sedentary behavior, screen time, and sleep duration were measured. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine associations. RESULTS At baseline, 48 participants with metabolically healthy obesity were identified; 2 years later, 19 became metabolically unhealthy obese and 29 remained metabolically healthy obese. Every additional daily portion of fruits and vegetables decreased the risk of converting to metabolically unhealthy obesity by 39% (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.40-0.94). Cumulating more hours of screen time and diets high in saturated fat and sugar-sweetened beverages and low in protein were associated with a tendency to develop metabolically unhealthy obesity. CONCLUSIONS Fruit and vegetable intake and possibly screen time, saturated fat, sugar-sweetened beverages, and protein intake may be important targets for the prevention of cardiometabolic complications in obese children. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03356262.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Roberge
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andraea Van Hulst
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tracie A Barnett
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS)-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Henderson
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Van Hulst A, Paradis G, Harnois-Leblanc S, Benedetti A, Drapeau V, Henderson M. Lowering Saturated Fat and Increasing Vegetable and Fruit Intake May Increase Insulin Sensitivity 2 Years Later in Children with a Family History of Obesity. J Nutr 2018; 148:1838-1844. [PMID: 30383280 PMCID: PMC6533243 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying dietary factors that determine insulin sensitivity and secretion in children entering puberty may provide valuable information for the early prevention of type 2 diabetes. Objectives We assessed whether macronutrients and food groups are longitudinally associated with insulin sensitivity and secretion over a 2-y period in children with a family history of obesity, and whether associations differ by level of adiposity. Methods Data were derived from the Quebec Adipose and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth (QUALITY) Study, an ongoing prospective cohort including 630 children recruited at ages 8-10 y, with ≥1 obese parent, and followed 2 y later (n = 564). The intake of macronutrients and foods was assessed at baseline using three 24-h dietary recalls. At age 10-12 y, insulin sensitivity was assessed by the Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index (ISI) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Insulin secretion was assessed by the ratio of the area under the curve of insulin to the area under the curve of glucose at 30 min and at 120 min of an oral-glucose-tolerance test. Multivariable linear regression models were fitted for each dietary factor while adjusting for age, sex, puberty, physical activity, screen time, total energy intake, and percentage of body fat; and interaction terms between dietary factors and percentage of body fat were tested. Results Saturated fat intake was associated with a 1.95% lower (95% CI: -3.74%, -0.16%) Matsuda ISI, whereas vegetable and fruit intake was associated with a 2.35% higher (95% CI: 0.18%, 4.52%) Matsuda ISI 2 y later. The association of saturated fat intake with insulin sensitivity was most deleterious among children with a higher percentage of body fat (P-interaction = 0.023). Other than fiber intake, no longitudinal associations between dietary intake and insulin secretion were found. Conclusions Lowering saturated fat and increasing vegetable and fruit intakes during childhood may improve insulin sensitivity as children enter puberty. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03356262.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gilles Paradis
- Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Soren Harnois-Leblanc
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Canada,School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada,Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Department of Physical Education,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Mélanie Henderson
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Canada,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada,Address correspondence to MH (e-mail: )
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Jacob R, Drapeau V, Tremblay A, Provencher V, Bouchard C, Pérusse L. The role of eating behavior traits in mediating genetic susceptibility to obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:445-452. [PMID: 29982344 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified several genes associated with obesity. The mechanisms through which these genes affect body weight are not fully characterized. Recent studies suggest that eating behavior (EB) traits could be involved, but only a few EB traits were investigated. Objective This study aimed to investigate whether genetic susceptibility to obesity is mediated by EB traits (cognitive restraint, disinhibition, hunger) and their subscales. We hypothesized that EB traits, and their subscales, partly mediate this association. Design Adult individuals (n = 768) who participated in the Quebec Family Study were included in this cross-sectional study. A genetic risk score (GRS) of obesity was calculated based on the 97 genetic variants recently identified in a GWAS meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI). EB traits and their subscales were assessed with the use of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. Regression analyses with age and sex as covariates were used to investigate the associations between GRS, EB traits, BMI, and WC and whether the association between GRS and obesity is mediated by EB traits, which represents the indirect effect of GRS on obesity. Results The GRS of obesity was positively associated with BMI (β = 0.19 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001) and WC (β = 0.46 ± 0.10, P < 0.0001). Regression analyses also revealed that the association between GRS of obesity and BMI was partly mediated by disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger (βindirect = 0.09 ± 0.03, P = 0.0007, and βindirect = 0.04 ± 0.02, P = 0.02, respectively). Habitual and situational susceptibility to disinhibition (βindirect = 0.08 ± 0.03, P = 0.002 and βindirect = 0.05 ± 0.02, P = 0.003, respectively) as well as internal and external locus of hunger (βindirect = 0.03 ± 0.02, P = 0.03 for both) were also found to mediate the association between GRS of obesity and BMI. The same trends were observed with WC. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that the genetic susceptibility to obesity is partly mediated through undesirable EB traits, which suggests that they could be targeted in obesity treatment and prevention. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03355729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Jacob
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF).,School of Nutrition.,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF).,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center.,Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF).,Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center.,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Louis Pérusse
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF).,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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Panahi S, Gallant A, Tremblay A, Pérusse L, Després JP, Drapeau V. The relationship between yogurt consumption, body weight, and metabolic profiles in youth with a familial predisposition to obesity. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:541-548. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Our systematic review aims to assess the overall evidence available in the literature regarding the role of physical activity (PA) in individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) and better understand the potential underlying mechanisms of action. RECENT FINDINGS Currently, the most effective and well-established psychological treatment for BED is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with a remission rate around 80%. CBT is sometimes combined with pharmacotherapy targeting comorbidities associated with BED, such as obesity and depression. Another avenue of treatment that has been less studied is PA. It has been suggested that PA addresses the underlying mechanisms of BED and, thus, increases treatment efficiency. This systematic review provides additional knowledge concerning the benefits of PA in the treatment of individuals with BED including reduction of binge eating (BE) episodes and improvement in other associated comorbidities. Potential mechanisms of action of PA include neurochemical alterations affecting the reward system, reduction of negative affect, and its anorexigenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Blanchet
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Mathieu
- Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Audrey St-Laurent
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Shirley Fecteau
- Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie St-Amour
- Département des Sciences infirmières, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Lévis, QC, Canada
- Programme de traitement des troubles du comportement alimentaire, Clinique St-Amour, Lévis, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Département d'éducation physique, PEPS, Université Laval, 2300, rue de la Terrasse, suite 2214, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec City, QC, Canada.
- Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
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Jacob R, Tremblay A, Drapeau V, Provencher V, Pérusse L. [Susceptibilité à l'obésité : rôle des déterminants génétiques des comportements alimentaires]. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2017; 78:197-203. [PMID: 28799794 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2017-019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Jacob
- a Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC.,b École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC.,c Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- a Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC.,c Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC.,d Département de kinésiologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- a Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC.,c Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC.,d Département de kinésiologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC
| | - Véronique Provencher
- a Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC.,b École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC
| | - Louis Pérusse
- a Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC.,d Département de kinésiologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC
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Chamberland K, Sanchez M, Panahi S, Provencher V, Gagnon J, Drapeau V. The impact of an innovative web-based school nutrition intervention to increase fruits and vegetables and milk and alternatives in adolescents: a clustered randomized trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:140. [PMID: 29037203 PMCID: PMC5644089 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The increase in overweight and obesity in adolescents and its health-related consequences highlight the need to develop strategies, which could help them adopt healthy eating habits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an innovative web-based school nutrition intervention (Team Nutriathlon) aimed at promoting the consumption of vegetables and fruit (V/F) and milk and alternatives (M/A) in high school students and to identify facilitators and/or barriers influencing its success. Methods Ten classes of first and second year secondary students (grades 7 and 8) from the Québec City region were randomized into two groups (control n = 89 and intervention n = 193). Participants in the intervention (Team Nutriathlon) were to increase their consumption of V/F and M/A using an innovative web-based platform, developed for this study, over 6 weeks. The control group followed the regular school curriculum. The number of servings of V/F and M/A consumed by students per day was compared between the two groups before, during, immediately after and 10 weeks after the intervention using a web-based platform. Main outcome measures included V/F and M/A servings and facilitators and/or barriers of program success. Repeated measures linear fixed effects models were used to assess the impact of Team Nutriathlon on V/F and M/A consumption. A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results Students in the intervention reported a significant increase of 3 servings and 1.8 servings per day of V/F and M/A, respectively, compared to the control group (P < 0.05); however, this was only observed in the short-term. Some factors contributing to the success of Team Nutriathlon included the team aspect of the program, use of the technology and recording results outside of classroom hours. Conclusion Team Nutriathlon represents an innovative web-based nutrition program which positively impacts V/F and M/A consumption among high school students. Using web-based or technological platforms may help youth adopt healthy eating habits that will have implications later in adulthood; however, further studies are needed to determine their long-term effects. Trial registration NCT03117374 (retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Chamberland
- Département de l'éducation Physique, Faculté des Sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marina Sanchez
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Département de l'éducation Physique, Faculté des Sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Département de Kinésiologie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Gagnon
- Département de l'éducation Physique, Faculté des Sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Interuniversitaire sur la Formation et la Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Département de l'éducation Physique, Faculté des Sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada. .,Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec City, QC, Canada. .,Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada. .,Centre de Recherche Interuniversitaire sur la Formation et la Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE-Laval), Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
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