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Zhang L, Chen N, Hou X, Han Y, Zhang T, Lei D, Zhou W, An Z, Cheng P, Lan J, Tan L, Liu Q, Liu H, Jiang H, Hu Y, Tang L, Wang T. Reconstructing atmospheric 129I deposition over 170 years with the varved sediment in the Sihailongwan Maar Lake, northeast China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:172031. [PMID: 38552985 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Long-term deposition of atmospheric radioactive iodine-129 (129I) is important for assessing the impact of human nuclear activities (HNAs), but still not well understood in East Asia. In this study, we quantitatively reconstructed the deposition history of airborne 129I using varved sediment from Sihailongwan Maar Lake (SHLW) in northeast China. Our results revealed significant increases in 129I concentrations and 129I/127I atomic ratios since the 1950s, indicating the influence of HNAs on the environment and marking the onset of the Anthropocene. The variation of 129I in the investigated site can be primarily attributed to the global fallout of ANWT as well as nuclear fuel reprocessing in Europe, Russia and the USA. Notably, neither the Chernobyl nor the Fukushima nuclear accidents have had any discernable impact on the SHLW Lake. Over the past 170 years (1846-2021), the reconstructed fluxes indicate a rapid increase in 129I deposition from the early 1950s until the 1970s followed by dramatic changes thereafter. The measured 129I fluxes range between (1.26-349) × 109 atoms m-2 yr-1 in the SHLW Lake, which are consistent with similar latitude zones across East Asia, but differ significantly from those observed in high-elevation glaciers within the Northern Hemisphere due to prevailing atmospheric circulation patterns. The total 129I inventory was calculated to be 11.9 × 1012 atoms m-2, with natural and anthropogenic 129I accounting for 2.86 % and 97.1 %, respectively, suggesting an overwhelming artificial contribution. The reconstructed fluxes and inventory of atmospheric 129I deposition quantitatively distinguish the natural and artificial contributions, and provide a novel insight into the historical environmental impact of HNAs in East Asia and the characteristics of the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China.
| | - Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Yongming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Dewen Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Zhisheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Jianghu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Liangcheng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Haijiao Liu
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tianli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Ahmad N, Singh SP, Sahu S, Bhattacharyya R, Maurya AS, Kumar N, Rout RK, Tripathy GR. Isotopic evidence of autochthonous organic matter acting as a major sink of anthropogenic heavy metals in modern lacustrine sediments. Environ Pollut 2024; 349:123964. [PMID: 38631445 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The knowledge of major sources, sinks, and the burial fate of various pollutants added to modern aquatic ecosystems under changing environmental conditions is limited but crucial for our sustainability. In this context, the spatial distributions and causative factors of organic matter (OM) and heavy metal accumulations have been explored in modern lacustrine sediments of a large urbanized and protected wetland (ULB: Upper Lake Bhopal) in Central India. For this purpose, geochemical properties, in particular, stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) were measured in the ULB surficial sediments (core depth ∼0-1 cm; n = 19), and additionally collected riverbed sediments (n = 2) and atmospheric free-fall dust samples (n = 3) from the lake periphery. The major and trace element data indicate widespread mafic sediment provenance and nearly dysoxic lacustrine conditions. The riverine supply of soil OM from cropped lands and the lake productivity (algae, largely sustained by nutrients from sewage and agricultural runoff) are the major OM sources to the western and eastern lake portions, respectively. The fractional contribution from autochthonous TOC (∼0.19-0.95, mean ∼0.62) predominates that of allochthonous TOC (∼0.05-0.81, mean ∼0.38). Whereas, atmospheric dust deposition is a primary anthropogenic source of heavy metals (Pb and Zn). The lake productivity rather than soil OM or any mineral sorbent is found responsible for the anthropogenic enrichments of Pb and Zn in the ULB surficial sediments, especially on the eastern ULB portion under high anthropogenic pressure. Therefore, the settled OM (primarily autochthonous) being oxidizable acts as a temporary but major sink of anthropogenic heavy metals in modern lacustrine sediments, which are vulnerable to heavy metal efflux to the water column by sediment diagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafees Ahmad
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-Bypass-Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Satinder Pal Singh
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-Bypass-Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Shivam Sahu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-Bypass-Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rohan Bhattacharyya
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-Bypass-Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhayanand Singh Maurya
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nitish Kumar
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Rout
- Department of Earth and Climate Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Gyana Ranjan Tripathy
- Department of Earth and Climate Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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Liu H, Wang H, Zhao H, Wang H, Xia R, Wang X, Li M, Zhou J. Speciation, bioaccumulation, and toxicity of the newly deposited atmospheric heavy metals in soil-earthworm (Eisenia fetida) system near a large copper smelter. Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171700. [PMID: 38490408 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The speciation, bioaccumulation, and toxicity of the newly deposited atmospheric heavy metals in the soil-earthworm (Eisenia fetida) system were investigated by a fully factorial atmospheric exposure experiment using soils exposed to 0.8-year and 1.8-year atmospheric depositions. The results shown that the newly deposited metals (Cu, Cd, and Pb) primarily accumulated in the topsoil (0-6 cm) and were present as the highly bioavailable speciation. They can migrate further to increase the concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Pb in soil solution of the deeper layer (at 10 cm) by 12 %-436 %. Earthworms tended to preferentially accumulate the newly deposited metals, which contributed 10 %-61 % of Cu, Cd, and Pb in earthworms. Further, for the unpolluted and moderately polluted soils, the newly deposited metals induced the significant oxidative stress in earthworms, resulting in significant increases in antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px). No significant differences were observed in the levels of heavy metals in soil solutions, bioaccumulation, and enzyme activities in earthworms exposed to 0.8-year and 1.8-year depositions, indicating the bioavailability of atmospheric metals deposited into soils was rapidly decreased with time. This study highlights the high bioaccumulation and toxicity of heavy metals to earthworm from the new atmospheric deposition during the earthworm growing period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Haotian Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Huan Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Hu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Ruizhi Xia
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Min Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
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Vázquez-Arias A, Giráldez P, Martínez-Abaigar J, Núñez-Olivera E, Aboal JR, Fernández JÁ. Fine-tuning the use of moss transplants to map pollution by Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in urban areas. Sci Total Environ 2024; 923:171601. [PMID: 38461972 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Mosspheres are a kind of moss transplants which offer a novel approach for detecting atmospheric pollution using devitalized mosses, as they reflect the atmospheric deposition of certain elements and polycyclic hydrocarbons. However, due to the unique features of the mosspheres such as the low elemental concentrations in the cultured material, the data treatment needs to be different from that of conventional biomonitoring studies. In this article, our objectives are to identify the best parameter for expressing the levels of chemical elements accumulated by mosspheres, and to apply a recently developed method to assess the probability of pollution of each sample and of the study area. To do this, we used data from a study in which 81 mosspheres were exposed in a medium-sized city in southwestern Europe. Comparing different pollution indices, we selected the enrichment rate (ER) as the most useful, as it is resilient to fluctuations in the initial concentrations and takes into account the time factor, allowing for greater comparability among studies. Then, we determined that the statistical distribution of the ERs of most elements fitted a normal distribution, showing that most samples did not differ significantly from the background concentrations for these elements. On the other hand, for Ni, Pb and Zn there was a subpopulation of samples above background values. In these cases, we determined the probability of pollution of each sample. Finally, we used indicator kriging to calculate the probability of pollution across the study area, identifying the polluted areas, which for some elements match the distribution of the main industries and highways, indicating that this is a suitable protocol to map elemental pollution in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antón Vázquez-Arias
- CRETUS Institute, Ecology Area, Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
| | - Pablo Giráldez
- CRETUS Institute, Ecology Area, Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez-Abaigar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | | | - Jesús R Aboal
- CRETUS Institute, Ecology Area, Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - J Ángel Fernández
- CRETUS Institute, Ecology Area, Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
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Marlina N, Hassan F, Chao HR, Latif MT, Yeh CF, Horie Y, Shiu RF, Hsieh YK, Jiang JJ. Organophosphate esters in water and air: A minireview of their sources, occurrence, and air-water exchange. Chemosphere 2024; 356:141874. [PMID: 38575079 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) have received considerable attention in environmental research due to their extensive production, wide-ranging applications, prevalent presence, potential for bioaccumulation, and associated ecological and health concerns. Low efficiency of OPE removal results in the effluents of wastewater treatment plants emerging as a significant contributor to OPE contamination. Their notable solubility and mobility give OPEs the potential to be transported to coastal ecosystems via river discharge and atmospheric deposition. Previous research has indicated that OPEs have been widely detected in the atmosphere and water bodies. Atmospheric deposition across air-water exchange is the main input route for OPEs into the environment and ecosystems. The main processes that contribute to air-water exchange is air-water diffusion, dry deposition, wet deposition, and the air-water volatilization process. The present minireview links together the source, occurrence, and exchange of OPEs in water and air, integrates the occurrence and profile data, and summarizes their air-water exchange in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Marlina
- Advanced Environmental Ultra Research Laboratory (ADVENTURE) & Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan; Department of Civil Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan
| | - Fahir Hassan
- Advanced Environmental Ultra Research Laboratory (ADVENTURE) & Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan; Faculty of Engineering, University of Jember, Jember, 68121, Indonesia
| | - How-Ran Chao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Mohd Talib Latif
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chi-Fu Yeh
- Hwa-Ying Environment Technical Consultants Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung, 81463, Taiwan
| | - Yoshifumi Horie
- Research Center for Inland Seas (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
| | - Ruei-Feng Shiu
- Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Kung Hsieh
- Climate Change Research Center, National Environmental Research Academy, Taoyuan, 320680, Taiwan.
| | - Jheng-Jie Jiang
- Advanced Environmental Ultra Research Laboratory (ADVENTURE) & Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan; Center for Environmental Risk Management (CERM), Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan; Research Center for Carbon Neutrality and Net Zero Emissions, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan.
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Lima LHV, da Silva FBV, Araújo PRM, Alvarez AM, Pôrto KC, do Nascimento CWA. Assessing heavy metal contamination in a Brazilian metropolis: a case study with a focus on (bio)indicators. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:481. [PMID: 38683240 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The continuous expansion of the global vehicle fleet poses a growing threat to environmental quality through heavy metal contamination. In this scenario, monitoring to safeguard public health in urban areas is necessary. Our study involved the collection of 36 street dust and 29 moss samples from roads of a Brazilian metropolis (Recife) with varying traffic intensities as follows: natural reserve (0 vehicles per day), low (< 15,000 vehicles per day), medium (15,000-30,000 vehicles per day), and high (> 30,000 vehicles per day). ICP-AES analysis was performed to determine the concentrations of nine potentially toxic metals (Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) to assess the influence of vehicular flow on urban contamination. In the street dust samples, the mean metal concentrations (mg kg-1) exhibited the following order: Ba (503.7) > Mn (303.0) > Zn (144.4) > Cu (95.3) > Cr (56.1) > Pb (34.2) > V (28.7) > Ni (11.3) > Cd (1.5). Conversely, in the moss samples, the metal concentration order was as follows (mg kg-1): Mn (63.8) > Zn (62.5) > Ba (61.0) > Cu (17.7) > Cr (8.0) > V (7.3) > Pb (7.0) > Ni (2.9) > Cd (0.3). Roads with higher traffic volumes exhibited the highest metal enrichments in moss samples for all metals and in dust samples for Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, and V. However, dust from low-flow roads had higher enrichments for Ba, Cu, and Zn, indicating the influential role of other traffic-related factors in metal deposition. Our findings highlight traffic flow as the predominant source of pollution in urban centers, with both street dust and moss serving as sensitive indicators of metal input attributable to vehicular traffic. These indicators offer valuable insights for urban quality monitoring and pollution control efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Henrique Vieira Lima
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, S/N - Dois IrmãosRecife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Bruno Vieira da Silva
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, S/N - Dois IrmãosRecife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Renata Muniz Araújo
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, S/N - Dois IrmãosRecife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | - Kátia Cavalcanti Pôrto
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade 12 Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
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Huang S, Tan C, Cao X, Yang J, Xing Q, Tu C. Impacts of simulated atmospheric cadmium deposition on the physiological response and cadmium accumulation of Sedum plumbizincicola. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:16413-16425. [PMID: 38315335 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric cadmium (Cd) deposition contributes to the accumulation of Cd in the soil-plant system. Sedum plumbizincicola is a Cd and Zn hyperaccumulator commonly used for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. However, studies on the effects of atmospheric Cd deposition on the accumulation of Cd and physiological response in S. plumbizincicola are still limited. A Cd solution spraying pot experiment was conducted with S. plumbizincicola at three atmospheric Cd deposition concentrations (4, 8, and 12 mg/L). Each Cd concentration levels was divided into two groups, non-mulching (foliar-root uptake) and mulching (foliar uptake). The soil type used in the experiment was reddish clayey soil collected from a farmland. The results showed that compared with the non-mulching control, the fresh weight of S. plumbizincicola in non-mulching with high atmospheric Cd deposition (12 mg/L) increased by 11.35%. Compared with those in the control group, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the non-mulching and mulching S. plumbizincicola groups increased by 0.88-11.06 nmol/L and 0.96-1.32 nmol/L, respectively. Compared with those in the non-Cd-treated control group, the shoot Cd content in the mulching group significantly increased by 11.09-180.51 mg/kg. Under high Cd depositions, the Cd in S. plumbizincicola mainly originated from the air and was stored in the shoots (39.7-158.5%). These findings highlight that the physiological response and Cd accumulation of S. plumbizincicola were mainly affected by high Cd deposition and suggest that atmospheric Cd could directly be absorbed by S. plumbizincicola. The effect of atmospheric deposition on S. plumbizincicola cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuopei Huang
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyin Tan
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueying Cao
- Rural Vitalization Research Institute, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yang
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianwen Xing
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
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Liger E, Hernández F, Expósito FJ, Díaz JP, Salazar-Carballo PA, Gordo E, González C, López-Pérez M. Transport and deposition of radionuclides from northern Africa to the southern Iberian Peninsula and the Canary Islands during the intense dust intrusions of March 2022. Chemosphere 2024; 352:141303. [PMID: 38280650 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the two consecutive and markedly intense Saharan dust intrusion episodes that greatly affected southern Spain (Málaga) and, to a lesser extent, the Canary Islands (Tenerife), in March 2022. These two episodes were the result of atypical meteorological conditions in the region and resulted in record levels of aerosols in the air at the Málaga location. The activity levels of various natural and artificial radionuclides (7Be, 210Pb, 40K, 137Cs, 239Pu, 240Pu, 239+240Pu) and radioactive indicators (gross alpha and gross beta) were impacted by these events and the results are described herein. These episodes caused, for example, the activities of 137Cs in aerosol samples at the Málaga monitoring station to reach the highest concentrations ever recorded since high-volume aerosol monitoring started at this site in 2009. A link between the activity levels of 137Cs, 40K and gross alpha in the atmospheric aerosols and daily PM10 concentrations during the episodes is also reported. In addition, isotopic ratios are discussed in the context of the source and destination of the various anthropogenic radionuclides measured. The atmospheric residence time of aerosols during these episodes is also evaluated because it concerns how intrusions to the Canary Islands should be analysed. Finally, for the first time, the concentrations of 137Cs deposition by rainwater during a Saharan dust intrusion are reported and the deposition rate of these radionuclides during these episodes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Liger
- Departamento de Física Aplicada II, Universidad de Málaga, Spain; Grupo de Geoquímica y Radiactividad Ambiental, Universidad de Málaga, Spain.
| | - Francisco Hernández
- Grupo de Geoquímica y Radiactividad Ambiental, Universidad de Málaga, Spain; Grupo de Observación de la Tierra y la Atmósfera, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Juan Pedro Díaz
- Grupo de Observación de la Tierra y la Atmósfera, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Pedro A Salazar-Carballo
- Laboratorio de Física Médica y Radioactividad Ambiental, SEGAI, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain; Departamento de Medicina Física y Farmacología, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Elisa Gordo
- Grupo de Geoquímica y Radiactividad Ambiental, Universidad de Málaga, Spain; Servicios Centrales de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad de Málaga, Spain
| | - Cristina González
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias. Universidad de La Laguna, Spain
| | - María López-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Física Médica y Radioactividad Ambiental, SEGAI, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain
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9
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Beaurepaire M, Gasperi J, Tassin B, Dris R. COVID lockdown significantly impacted microplastic bulk atmospheric deposition rates. Environ Pollut 2024; 344:123354. [PMID: 38237852 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Here, microplastic atmospheric deposition data collected at an urban site during the French national lockdown of spring 2020 is compared to deposition data from the same site in a period of normal activity. Bulk atmospheric deposition was collected on the vegetated roof of a suburban campus from the Greater Paris and analysed for microplastics using a micro-FTIR imaging methodology. Significantly lower deposition rates were measured overall during the lockdown period (median 5.4 MP m-2.d-1) than in a period of normal activity in spring 2021 (median of 29.2 MP m-2.d-1). This difference is however not observed for the smallest microplastic size class. The dominant polymers identified were PP, followed by PE and PS. Precipitation alone could not explain the differences between the two campaigns, and it is suggested that the temporary drop in human activity during lockdown is the primary cause of the reduced deposition rates. This study provides novel insight on the immediate impact of human activities on atmospheric microplastics, thus enhancing the global understanding on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Beaurepaire
- LEESU, Ecole des Ponts, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Champs sur Marne, France.
| | | | - Bruno Tassin
- LEESU, Ecole des Ponts, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Champs sur Marne, France
| | - Rachid Dris
- LEESU, Ecole des Ponts, Universite Paris Est Creteil, Champs sur Marne, France
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10
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Adhikari K, Pearce CI, Sanguinet KA, Bary AI, Chowdhury I, Eggleston I, Xing B, Flury M. Accumulation of microplastics in soil after long-term application of biosolids and atmospheric deposition. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168883. [PMID: 38040367 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Land-applied biosolids can be a considerable source of microplastics in soils. Previous studies reported microplastics accumulation in soils from biosolid application, however, little is known about the contribution of atmospherically deposited microplastics to agricultural soils. In this study, we quantified and characterized microplastics in soils that have been amended with biosolids over the past 23 years. We also collected atmospheric deposition samples to determine the amount and type of plastics added to soils through atmospheric input over a period of about 2 years. Soil samples were taken from a replicated field trial where biosolids have been applied at rates of 0, 4.8, 6.9, and 9.0 t/ha every second crop. The biosolids were anaerobically digested and dewatered, and were applied by spreading onto the soil surface. Soil and atmospheric samples were extracted for microplastics by Fenton's reaction to remove organic matter followed by flotation in a zinc chloride solution to separate plastic from soil particles. Samples were analyzed for microplastics by optical microscopy and Laser Direct Infrared Imaging Analysis (LDIR). The mean number of microplastics identified from biosolids samples was 12,000 particles/kg dry biosolids. The long-term applications of biosolids to the soil led to mean plastics concentrations of 383, 500, and 361 particles/kg dry soil in the 0-10 cm depth for low, medium, and high biosolids application rates, respectively. These plastic concentrations were not significantly different from each other, but significantly higher than those found in non biosolids-amended soil (117 particles/kg dry soil). The dominant plastic types by number found in biosolids were polyurethane, followed by polyethylene, and polyamide. The most abundant plastics in soil samples were polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, and polyethylene. Atmospheric deposition contributed to 15 particles/kg dry soil per year and was mainly composed of polyamide fibers. This study shows that long-term application of biosolids led to an accumulation of microplastics in soil, but that atmospheric deposition also contributes a considerable input of microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Adhikari
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, and Puyallup, WA 98371, USA
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Karen A Sanguinet
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, and Puyallup, WA 98371, USA
| | - Andy I Bary
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, and Puyallup, WA 98371, USA
| | - Indranil Chowdhury
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Ian Eggleston
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Markus Flury
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, and Puyallup, WA 98371, USA.
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11
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Di J, Dong Z, Shao Y, Jiao X, Wei T. Composition and constraints of lithium isotopes in cryoconite from various remote glacier areas of the Tibetan Plateau. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168768. [PMID: 38029980 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Lithium isotope is one of the most promising indicators for the study of continental silicate weathering, and lithium concentrations and its isotopic compositions in earth surface can provide a better understanding of the geochemical behavior and isotopic fractionation during weathering and erosion. This work focused on the composition and distribution of Li isotope in cryoconite deposited on various glacier areas in a large range of the Tibetan Plateau and surroundings, as well as its implications for cryoconite dust provenances. Results showed that δ7Li in cryoconite varied within the same order of magnitude (-2.14 ‰-7.74 ‰), which is characterized by geographic distribution of higher δ7Li value of cryoconite in northern glaciers (e.g. Yuzhufeng Glacier), and lower δ7Li value in southern glaciers. In comparison with other global materials, the cryoconite dust shows a lighter δ7Li isotopic composition due to constraints of climatic conditions and land surface weathering intensity. Compared with dust materials in the surrounding Asian dust sources (e.g. large deserts and Gobi), we find that, the primary sources of Li isotope in cryoconite of the northern locations were from both local dust/soils of the TP surface and the surrounding large deserts. Moreover, the products of anthropogenic activities (e.g. coal-burning) may also influence the isotopic composition of the cryoconite dust, and Li isotope may serve as potential tracers of anthropogenic source activities. Therefore, this work provides a complete view of the composition and distribution of Lithium isotopes in cryoconite from various glacier areas of the Tibetan Plateau, and the research significance of its transport processes and source constraints of Li isotopes in cryoconite is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Di
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiwen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yaping Shao
- Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50923, Germany
| | - Xiaoyu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Shi Z, Lu J, Liu T, Zhao X, Liu Y, Mi J, Zhao X. Risk assessment and source apportionment of available atmospheric heavy metal in a typical sandy area reservoir in Inner Mongolia, China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168960. [PMID: 38043824 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated dry and wet deposition of atmospheric heavy metals (HMs) in a sandy area of Inner Mongolia, China, with the Dahekou Reservoir, Xilin Gol League, adopted as the study area. Monthly monitoring of atmospheric HM dry and wet deposition was conducted over one year (2021 to 2022) at 12 monitoring points, producing 144 dry and wet deposition samples, respectively. The sample contents of eight HMs (Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, As, and Cd) were determined to estimate the fluxes of available forms of heavy metal (AHM) in dry and wet deposition. The potential ecological index (Eri), risk assessment coding (RAC), and ratio of secondary phase to primary phase (RSP) were used to evaluate the impact of atmospheric HM dry deposition on ecological security. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and the absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) receptor model were used to quantitatively analyze the sources of AHMs in atmospheric dry and wet deposition. The results showed that the study area experienced annual dry and wet deposition fluxes of AHMs of 1712.59 kg and 534.97 kg, respectively. Atmospheric heavy metal dry deposition over the entire year presented a strong ecological risk, with Cd contributing most to this risk. Risk assessment of HM speciation showed that the greatest risks of migration and transformation were for Cd and Pb. The APCS-MLR receptor model identified five and three sources of dry and wet deposition, respectively, in order of proportion of total contribution of: natural wind and sand > road traffic and coal combustion > mineral mining > other human activities > industrial soot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Shi
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Junping Lu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Water Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Tingxi Liu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Water Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhao
- Hohhot Sub Station of the General Environmental Monitoring Station of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010030,Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jiahui Mi
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Xiaoze Zhao
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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13
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Xiao Y, Luan H, Lu S, Xing M, Guo C, Qian R, Xiao X. Toxic effects of atmospheric deposition in mining areas on wheat seedlings. Environ Geochem Health 2024; 46:69. [PMID: 38342840 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Storage and transportation of coal, as well as operation of coal-fired power plants, produce amounts of metallic exhaust that may lead to different atmospheric environment in the overlapped areas of farmland and coal resource (OAFCR) environment. To investigate the effects of different atmospheric environment in the OAFCR region (north of Xuzhou) on wheat seedlings (AK-58), a box experiment was conducted and compared to an area far from the OAFCR (south of Xuzhou). The study revealed that (1) compared to the southern suburb of Xuzhou, the fresh and dry weight, activities of photosynthetic enzymes and POD of wheat seedlings in the OAFCR reduced obviously. (2) Significantly higher levels of Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu were found in the shoots and roots of wheat seedlings in the OAFCR, with lower transfer factor for heavy metals (except Cd and As) in comparison to those in the southern suburb. And the bioconcentration factors of heavy metals (except As) in wheat seedlings in the OAFCR were significantly higher. (3) Nearly 90% of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, and Cr) absorbed by wheat were stored in cell walls and soluble fractions, with significantly higher contents of Cu and Cr in wheat seedlings' cell walls and higher contents of Pb, Zn, and Cd in soluble components found in the OAFCR. Our results showed that atmospheric deposition in the mining area has a certain toxic effect on wheat seedlings, and this study provides a theoretical basis for OAFCR crop toxicity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, No.1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijun Luan
- Geological Survey of Anhui Province (Anhui Institute of Geological Sciences), Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Shougan Lu
- Jiangsu Founder Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd, Xuzhou, 221132, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingjie Xing
- Tianjin Huankeyuan Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Chunying Guo
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, No.1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruoxi Qian
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, L5B 4P2, Canada
| | - Xin Xiao
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, No.1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
- Observation and Research Station of Jiangsu Jiawang Resource Exhausted Mining Area Land Restoration and Ecological Succession, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Chenappan NK, Ibrahim YS, Anuar ST, Yusof KMKK, Jaafar M, Ahamad F, Sulaiman WZW, Mohamad N. Quantification and characterization of airborne microplastics in the coastal area of Terengganu, Malaysia. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:242. [PMID: 38324118 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12381-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pose a threat to ecosystems due to their capacity to bind with toxic chemicals. While the occurrence of MPs in aquatic environmental matrices like water, sediments, and biota is well studied, their presence in the atmosphere remains less understood. This study aimed to determine the presence of airborne MPs and their characteristics through ground-based sampling in the coastal city of Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. Airborne MP samples were collected using passive sampling technique in December 2019. MPs were manually counted and identified using a stereomicroscope based on their colour and shape. The average deposition rate of airborne MPs during the sampling period was 5476 ± 3796 particles/m2/day, ranging from 576 to 15,562 particles/m2/day. Various colours such as transparent (38%), blue (25%), black (20%), red (13%), and others (4%) were observed. The predominant shape of airborne MPs was fibres (> 99%). The morphology structure of MPs observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed a cracked surface on MPs, suggesting weathering and irregular fragmentation. Further elemental analysis using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) showed the presence of heavy metals such as aluminium (Al) and cadmium (Cd) on the surface of MPs, attributed to the adsorption capacities of MPs. Polymer types of airborne MPs were analysed using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), which revealed particles composed of polyester (PES), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP). The preliminary findings could provide additional information for further investigations of MPs, especially in the atmosphere, to better understand their sources and potential human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Kumar Chenappan
- Microplastic Research Interest Group (MRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Yusof Shuaib Ibrahim
- Microplastic Research Interest Group (MRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Sabiqah Tuan Anuar
- Microplastic Research Interest Group (MRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Ku Mohd Kalkausar Ku Yusof
- Microplastic Research Interest Group (MRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Maisarah Jaafar
- Microplastic Research Interest Group (MRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Ahamad
- Sunway Centre for Planetary Health, Sunway University, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Noorlin Mohamad
- Microplastic Research Interest Group (MRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
- Atmospheric, Air Quality and Climate Change Research Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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15
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Kannankai MP, Devipriya SP. Atmospheric microplastic deposition in a coastal city of India: The influence of a landfill source on monsoon winds. Sci Total Environ 2024; 908:168235. [PMID: 37923255 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Coastal zones experience various wind events that may influence the characteristics, distribution, and dynamics of atmospheric microplastic pollutants. In the present study, we investigated the characteristics of the bulk atmospheric microplastic deposition in Kochi, Kerala, India, during three distinct seasons: Northeast Monsoon (NEM), Summer (SMR), and Southwest monsoon (SWM). Seasonally, the highest microplastic fallout rate was recorded for the NEM (37.29 particles m-2d-1), followed by SMR (15.17 particles m-2 d-1) and the SWM (11.57 particles m-2d-1). The microplastic abundance was not correlated to the amount of rainfall. Further, the wind rose and HYSPLIT trajectory analysis illustrated the arrival of northeast monsoon winds to the city via the region in and around the municipal landfill, which could be a major source of airborne microplastic to the sampling stations, and the forward trajectories from the landfill site extended into the Arabia Sea, providing evidence on the potential atmospheric transport and subsequent deposition of microplastics into the ocean. With respect to the qualitative characteristics, blue-coloured and fibrous microplastics dominated the samples with a considerable number of particles belonging to the size range of 200-500 μm. The practice of drying synthetic clothes under natural sunlight may have substantially contributed to the increased prevalence of airborne microfibers. The higher numbers of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) in the bulk microplastic deposition reinforce the concept of low-density polymers being more susceptible to deflation by the wind. Overall, the work signifies the role of monsoon winds in transporting microplastics from an unscientifically managed municipal landfill site and also highlights the importance of reducing the quantity of plastic waste ending up at the landfill to reduce the emission of microplastics proportionately.
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16
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Michel L, Renaudin M, Darnajoux R, Blasi C, Vacherand G, Le Monier P, Houle D, Bellenger JP. Evaluating the effect of moss functional traits and sampling on elemental concentrations in Pleurozium schreberi and Ptilium crista-castrensis in Eastern Canada (Québec) black spruce forest. Sci Total Environ 2024; 907:167900. [PMID: 37858833 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing atmospheric depositions allows evaluating the impact of air pollution on ecosystems, human health, and the economy. It also informs decision-makers about the implementation of regulations improving environmental quality. Biomonitoring uses organisms, such as mosses, as proxies to assess the presence of atmospheric contaminants (e.g., metals). This approach is cost-efficient and does not require complicated infrastructure or scientific skills, making it suitable for large-scale monitoring initiatives and citizen-based campaigns. Therefore, precise sampling protocols are needed to limit bias. Biomonitoring data remains scarce in North America, compared to e.g., Europe, and there is a need to develop large-scale and long-term biomonitoring initiatives to record current and future atmospheric depositions. As there is no standardized international sampling protocol, this study assessed the impact of parameters known to affect the elemental concentration of mosses, using samples collected along a 1000-km transect in Eastern Canada (Quebec) from 2016 to 2022. We specifically examined the effects of species, stem color, canopy opening, time of sampling, and stem length on 18 elements. Non-parametric statistical tests indicate that these factors have significant effects on some metals, but differences are generally low (<30 %), except for stem length. These results suggest that sampling protocols can be flexible in terms of species, canopy opening, time of sampling, and stem color. However, normalizing the length of the stems analyzed is required to account for differences in growth rates between sites. Moreover, since no large-scale biomonitoring campaign using mosses has been conducted in Eastern Canada, this paper also provides the first elemental baseline for moss in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Michel
- Centre Sève, Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 QC, Canada
| | - Marie Renaudin
- Water Science and Technology Branch, Environnement et Changement Climatique Canada, Montréal H2Y 2E7, QC, Canada
| | | | - Charlotte Blasi
- Centre Sève, Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 QC, Canada
| | - Gaëlle Vacherand
- Centre Sève, Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 QC, Canada
| | - Pauline Le Monier
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Daniel Houle
- Water Science and Technology Branch, Environnement et Changement Climatique Canada, Montréal H2Y 2E7, QC, Canada
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17
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Kim Y, Mo A, Seok MW, Jeong JY, Noh JH, Jeong J, Park GH, Lee SE, Kim H, Ko YH, Kim TW. Comparison of inorganic nitrogen concentrations in airborne particles at inshore and offshore sites in the Yellow Sea (2017-2019): Long-range transport and potential impact on marine productivity. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 198:115867. [PMID: 38056292 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen is one of the most important external nutrient sources. We investigated the concentrations of NO3- and NH4+ in airborne particles at both an offshore and an inshore site in the Yellow Sea. At the offshore site, devoid of local sources and located downwind from the highly developed areas of Korea and China, the concentrations of atmospheric particulate NO3- and NH4+ were ∼88 ± 101 nmol m-3 and ∼102 ± 102 nmol m-3, respectively, likely due to the transboundary long-range transport of pollutants. The inshore site showed a concentration ∼2 times higher than the offshore site. Considering not only dry inorganic nitrogen deposition but also wet and organic material deposition, the total atmospheric nitrogen deposition was estimated to contribute roughly 10 % to the new production in the Yellow Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewon Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahra Mo
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Woo Seok
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yong Jeong
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Noh
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Jeong
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Ha Park
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Eun Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Haryun Kim
- East Sea Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Uljin 36315, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Ko
- OJEong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; OJEong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Liu H, Wang H, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Li M, Wang X. Environmental cadmium pollution and health risk assessment in rice-wheat rotation area around a smelter. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:433-444. [PMID: 38012484 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution induced by smelting process is of great concern worldwide. However, the comprehensive risk assessment of Cd exposures in smelting areas with farming coexist is lacking. In this study, atmospheric deposition, soil, surface and drinking water, rice, wheat, vegetable, fish, pork, and human hair samples were collected in rice-wheat rotation area near nonferrous smelter to investigate smelting effect on environmental Cd pollution and human health. Results showed high Cd deposition (0.88-2.61 mg m-2 year-1) combined with high bioavailability (37-42% totality) in study area. Moreover, 90%, 83%, 57%, and 3% of sampled soil, wheat, rice, and vegetable of Cd were higher than national allowable limits of China, respectively, indicating smelting induced serious environmental Cd pollution. Especially, higher Cd accumulation occurred in wheat compared to rice by factors of 1.5-2.0. However, as for Cd exposure to local residents, due to rice as staple food, rice intake ranked as main route and accounted for 49-53% of total intake, followed by wheat and vegetable. Cd exposure showed high potential noncarcinogenic risks with hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.63-4.99 using Monte Carlo probabilistic simulation, mainly from crop food consumption (mean 94% totality). Further, residents' hair Cd was significant correlated with HQ of wheat and rice ingestion, highlighting negative impact of cereal pollution to resident health. Therefore, smelting process should not coexist with cereal cultivating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Haotian Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
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19
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Wang K, Liu Y, Shi X, Zhao S, Sun B, Lu J, Li W. Characterization and traceability analysis of dry deposition of atmospheric microplastics (MPs) in Wuliangsuhai Lake. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:168201. [PMID: 37918738 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) represent a contaminant of emerging concern that may negatively impact lacustrine ecosystems. It is important, then, to manage and reduce the influx of MPs to lakes, a process that requires the identification of MP sources. In this study, atmospheric MP samples were collected and analyzed from 6 sampling sites in the Wuliangsuhai Lake area from March to June 2021, and used to determine atmospheric depositional fluxes of MPs to the lake surface. The sources of MPs were also explored on the basis of MP characteristics and by determining atmospheric flow patterns to the sampling sites using a backward trajectory model (HYSPLIT). The average atmospheric depositional flux of MPs to the Wuliangsuhai Lake area (3371 ± 1423 n/d·m2) is several times higher than rates measured in other areas. MPs were predominately composed of small (0.05-0.5 mm), transparent fibers; a small percentage of particles consisted of fragments, thin films, or lumpy MPs. Compositionally, most MPs were composed of polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polystyrene (PS). The former polymer types are indicative of fibers from textiles, including those from textile plants in adjacent cites. The latter (PS) type is presumably derived from degraded food containers and other items associated with tourism. PE was also identified in association with thin films, which were likely derived from bags and/or agricultural plastics. MP characteristics, combined with spatial variations in depositional rates and the results of the backward trajectory model, suggest most atmospherically deposited MPs in the Wuliangsuhai Lake area were transported to the sampling sites from large cities external to the basin, and, to a much lesser degree, areas of tourism within the lake environment. The results of the study provide a theoretical basis for assessing atmospheric MP deposition within inland lake areas as well as for the prevention and control of MP pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Xiaohong Shi
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
| | - Shengnan Zhao
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
| | - Biao Sun
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
| | - Junping Lu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
| | - Wenbao Li
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China; State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem, Wuliangsuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Nur 014404, China
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20
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Edo C, Fernández-Piñas F, Leganes F, Gómez M, Martínez I, Herrera A, Hernández-Sánchez C, González-Sálamo J, Borges JH, López-Castellanos J, Bayo J, Romera-Castillo C, Elustondo D, Santamaría C, Alonso R, García-Gómez H, Gonzalez-Cascon R, Martínez-Hernández V, Landaburu-Aguirre J, Incera M, Gago J, Noya B, Beiras R, Muniategui-Lorenzo S, Rosal R, González-Pleiter M. A nationwide monitoring of atmospheric microplastic deposition. Sci Total Environ 2023; 905:166923. [PMID: 37704133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic production continues to increase every year, yet it is widely acknowledged that a significant portion of this material ends up in ecosystems as microplastics (MPs). Among all the environmental compartments affected by MPs, the atmosphere remains the least well-known. Here, we conducted a one-year simultaneous monitoring of atmospheric MPs deposition in ten urban areas, each with different population sizes, economic activities, and climates. The objective was to assess the role of the atmosphere in the fate of MPs by conducting a nationwide quantification of atmospheric MP deposition. To achieve this, we deployed collectors in ten different urban areas across continental Spain and the Canary Islands. We implemented a systematic sampling methodology with rigorous quality control/quality assurance, along with particle-oriented identification and quantification of anthropogenic particle deposition, which included MPs and industrially processed natural fibres. Among the sampled MPs, polyester fibres were the most abundant, followed by acrylic polymers, polypropylene, and alkyd resins. Their equivalent sizes ranged from 22 μm to 398 μm, with a median value of 71 μm. The particle size distribution of MPs showed fewer large particles than expected from a three-dimensional fractal fragmentation pattern, which was attributed to the higher mobility of small particles, especially fibres. The atmospheric deposition rate of MPs ranged from 5.6 to 78.6 MPs m-2 day-1, with the higher values observed in densely populated areas such as Barcelona and Madrid. Additionally, we detected natural polymers, mostly cellulosic fibres with evidence of industrial processing, with a deposition rate ranging from 6.4 to 58.6 particles m-2 day-1. There was a positive correlation was found between the population of the study area and the median of atmospheric MP deposition, supporting the hypothesis that urban areas act as sources of atmospheric MPs. Our study presents a systematic methodology for monitoring atmospheric MP deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Edo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Fernández-Piñas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Leganes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - May Gómez
- Ecophysiology of Marine Organisms (EOMAR), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ico Martínez
- Ecophysiology of Marine Organisms (EOMAR), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Alicia Herrera
- Ecophysiology of Marine Organisms (EOMAR), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Cintia Hernández-Sánchez
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Group (AChem), Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Javier González-Sálamo
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Group (AChem), Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández Borges
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Group (AChem), Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Joaquín López-Castellanos
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 44, E-30203, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Javier Bayo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 44, E-30203, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Cristina Romera-Castillo
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar-CSIC, Paseo Marítimo de la Barceloneta, 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Elustondo
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), Universidad de Navarra, Campues Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carolina Santamaría
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), Universidad de Navarra, Campues Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rocío Alonso
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense, 40, Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor García-Gómez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense, 40, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Gonzalez-Cascon
- Department of Environment, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Mónica Incera
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - Jesús Gago
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Noya
- Centro de Investigación Mariña da Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVigo), Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Ricardo Beiras
- Centro de Investigación Mariña da Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVigo), Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo
- University of A Coruña. Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, A Coruña 15071, Spain
| | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel González-Pleiter
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Zheng LW, Zhai WD. Nutrient dynamics in the Bohai and North Yellow seas from seasonal to decadal scales: Unveiling Bohai Sea eutrophication mitigation in the 2010s. Sci Total Environ 2023; 905:167417. [PMID: 37774857 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The eutrophication status in the central Bohai Sea tends to be mitigated in recent years. To explore the recent nutrient status, seasonal surveys were carried out from 2018 to 2021, covering both the Bohai Sea and the adjacent North Yellow Sea. In recent cold seasons, both dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentration (DIN) and the ratio of DIN to soluble reactive phosphorus were lower than those in 2016. In warm seasons, the variations in nutrients and apparent oxygen utilization were correlated with each other, roughly following the traditional Redfield ratio of N:P:O2 of approximately 16:1:(-138). When historical data for N*, which is the excess DIN related to soluble reactive phosphorus, was collated, the Bohai Sea showed a decreasing trend for N* at a rate of -0.64 ± 0.12 μmol N* kg-1 a-1 between 2011 and 2021. During the same period, the North Yellow Sea N* concentrations (i.e., the oceanic end-member of the Bohai Sea N* dynamics) and the local atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition (atmospheric end-member) were estimated to decline at rates of -0.22 ± 0.04 μmol N* kg-1 a-1 and - 0.93 ± 0.34 kg N ha-1 a-2, respectively. Consequently, the oceanic and atmospheric changes accounted for 25.7 % ± 28.4 % and 69.0 % ± 42.6 %, respectively, of the Bohai Sea eutrophication mitigation in 2011-2021. On the long-term changes of the Bohai Sea eutrophication, the terrestrial nutrient source has only minor (likely <10 %) impacts, although it certainly affects the spatial distribution of nutrients. This study has implied that coastal eutrophication is a dynamic process that is subject to sea-land-air interactions, and its mitigation needs both local pollution controls and regional environment management. The latter contains the understanding of oceanic changes and external effects of the air pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Zheng
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Weihai Institute of Blue Economic Research, Weihai 264400, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhai
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
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22
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Büngener L, Postila H, Löder MGJ, Laforsch C, Ronkanen AK, Heiderscheidt E. The fate of microplastics from municipal wastewater in a surface flow treatment wetland. Sci Total Environ 2023; 903:166334. [PMID: 37591375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are an anthropogenic pollutant of emerging concern prominent in both raw and treated municipal wastewater as well as urban and agricultural run-off. There is a critical need for the mitigation of both point- and diffuse sources, with treatment wetlands a possible sustainable nature-based solution. In this study, the possible retention of MPs in treatment wetlands of the widely used surface flow (SF) type was investigated. In- and outflow water, as well as atmospheric deposition, at a full-scale reed-based SF wetland (operating as a polishing phase of municipal wastewater treatment) was analyzed for MPs in a size range of 25-1000 μm. FPA-based μFT-IR spectroscopic imaging was used in combination with automated data analysis software, allowing for an unbiased assessment of MP numbers, polymer types and size distribution. Inflow water samples (secondary treated wastewater) contained 104 MPs m-3 and 56 MPs m-3 in sampling campaigns 1 and 2, respectively. Passage through the SF wetland increased the MP concentration in the water by 92 % during a rain intense period (campaign 1) and by 43 % during a low precipitation period (campaign 2). The MP particle numbers, size and polymer type distribution varied between the two sampling campaigns, making conclusions around the fate of specific types of MPs in SF wetlands difficult. Atmospheric deposition was measured to be 590 MPs m-2 week-1 during the rain-intense period. Our findings point towards atmospheric deposited MPs as an important factor in the fate of MPs in SF wetlands, causing an increase of MP concentrations, and potentially explaining the variations observed in MP concentrations in wetland effluent and removal efficiency. Furthermore, atmospheric deposition might also be a reason for the considerable inter-study variation regarding MPs removal efficiency in SF wetlands found in the available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Büngener
- Water, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland.
| | - Heini Postila
- Water, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Martin G J Löder
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Anna-Kaisa Ronkanen
- Water, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland; Finnish Environment Institute, Marine and freshwater solutions, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, P. O. Box 413, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Elisangela Heiderscheidt
- Water, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
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23
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Imamura N, Ohte N, Tanaka N. Factors influencing the difference in dissolved ion inputs to the forest floor between deciduous and coniferous stands: comparison under high and low atmospheric deposition conditions. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 196:1. [PMID: 38041704 PMCID: PMC10693530 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
It is necessary to clear the relationship between physical and vegetation factors on the processes governing dissolved ion inputs to the forest floor to estimate correctly the values of atmospheric input to the forest. This study identified the factors influencing the differences in dissolved ion inputs to the forest floor between coniferous evergreen and broad-leaved deciduous species by analyzing the phenological variations of dry deposition and canopy exchange calculated by the canopy budget model under a high-deposition site near the city of Tokyo and a low-deposition site 84 km further away. At low-deposition site, vegetation factors such as capture efficiency did not explain the differences in Na+ or Cl- dry deposition. Leaf physiological characteristics influenced the differences in the Mg2+ and Ca2+ canopy leaching values, and phenology, leaf wettability, and diffusion processes from water film into leaves influenced the differences in NH4+ and NO3- input processes between tree types. At the high-deposition site, differences in the dry deposition of Na+, SO42-, Cl-, Mg2+, Ca2+, NH4+, and NO3- between tree types were influenced by differences in capture efficiency between coniferous and broad-leaved canopies in the leafed period and by the absence of leaves in deciduous species after leaf fall. These results indicated that atmospheric deposition affected the capture efficiency of coniferous trees for dry deposition and enhanced the difference of dissolved ion inputs to the forest floor between coniferous and deciduous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Imamura
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Toyohira-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Nobuhito Ohte
- Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
- The University of Tokyo Hokkaido Forest, The University of Tokyo Forests, Furano, Hokkaido, Japan
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24
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Zhang Y, Shotyk W, Pelletier R, Zaccone C, Noernberg T, Mullan-Boudreau G, Martin JW. Sources, spatial-distributions and fluxes of PAH-contaminated dusts in the Athabasca oil sands region. Environ Int 2023; 182:108335. [PMID: 38006772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has increased in northern Alberta, Canada, due to industrial development in the Athabasca oil sands region (AOSR). However, the sources, summertime deposition fluxes and associated spatial patterns are poorly characterized, and the magnitude of contamination has not been directly contrasted with comparable measurements around large Canadian cities. PAHs were measured in Sphagnum moss collected from 30 bogs in the AOSR and compared with reference moss collected from various remote, rural and near-urban sites in Alberta and Ontario. At all 39 locations, strong correlations between depositional fluxes of PAHs and accumulation rates of ash (n = 117, r = 0.877, p < 0.001) implied that the main source of PAHs to moss was atmospheric deposition of particles. Average PAH concentrations at near-field AOSR sites (mean [SD], 62.4 [24.3] ng/g) were significantly higher than at far-field AOSR sites (44.9 [20.8] ng/g; p = 0.038) or the 7 reference sites in Alberta (20.6 [3.5] ng/g; p < 0.001). In fact, average PAH concentrations across the entire AOSR (7,850 km2) were approximately twice as high as in London, Ontario, or near petroleum upgrading and major traffic corridors in Edmonton, Alberta. A chemical mass balance model estimated that both delayed petcoke (33 % of PAHs) and fine tailings (38 % of PAHs) were the major sources of PAHs in the AOSR. Over the 2015 summer growing season, we estimate that 101-110 kg of PAHs (on 14,300-17,300 tonnes of PAH-containing dusts) were deposited to the AOSR within a 50 km radius of surface mining. Given that the highest PAH deposition was to the northern quadrant of the AOSR, which includes the First Nations community of Fort MacKay, further dust control measures should be considered to protect human and environmental health in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - William Shotyk
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 348B South Academic Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada
| | - Rick Pelletier
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 348B South Academic Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada
| | - Claudio Zaccone
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Tommy Noernberg
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 348B South Academic Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada
| | - Gillian Mullan-Boudreau
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 348B South Academic Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada
| | - Jonathan W Martin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada; Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden.
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25
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Klein M, Bechtel B, Brecht T, Fischer EK. Spatial distribution of atmospheric microplastics in bulk-deposition of urban and rural environments - A one-year follow-up study in northern Germany. Sci Total Environ 2023; 901:165923. [PMID: 37532052 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric microplastic deposition rates play a crucial role for calculating the input of microplastics in the environment and to further understand pollution patterns. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of atmospheric microplastic particles in urban and rural areas of Northern Germany was investigated. Therefore, eleven structurally diverse locations in Hamburg and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania were equipped with bulk-deposition samplers in triplicates and sampled monthly between August 2019 and July 2020. The resulting 306 samples were treated with hydrogen peroxide (30 %) and sodium hypochlorite (6-14 %) to digest biological organic matter. The filters were subsequently stained with the lipophilic dye Nile Red and underwent visual microplastic identification via fluorescence microscopy. Fragments and fibers were quantified down to a cut-off size of 10 μm. The polymer composition of microplastic particles was investigated along a subset of particles via μ-Raman spectroscopy. The microplastic deposition rate for Northern Germany (89 ± 61 MP/m2/day) is in the same order of magnitude as those reported by previous studies. Significant differences in microplastic deposition rates were found between urban and rural sampling sites. Population density was identified as an important factor for greater amounts of microplastics and higher shares of fibers in urban samples. Special attention was given to the canopy cover at two forested sampling sites and an influence of the comb-out effect on atmospheric microplastic deposition was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Klein
- CEN - Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bechtel
- Urban Climate Lab, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Torben Brecht
- CEN - Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elke Kerstin Fischer
- CEN - Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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26
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Rankinen K, Junttila V, Futter M, Cano Bernal JE, Butterfield D, Holmberg M. Quantification of the effect of environmental changes on the brownification of Lake Kukkia in southern Finland. Ambio 2023; 52:1834-1846. [PMID: 37733219 PMCID: PMC10562317 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01911-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The browning of surface waters due to the increased terrestrial loading of dissolved organic carbon is observed across the northern hemisphere. Brownification is often explained by changes in large-scale anthropogenic pressures (including acidification, and climate and land-use changes). We quantified the effect of environmental changes on the brownification of an important lake for birds, Kukkia in southern Finland. We studied the past trends of organic carbon loading from catchments based on observations taken since the 1990s. We created hindcasting scenarios for deposition, climate and land-use change in order to simulate their quantitative effect on brownification by using process-based models. Changes in forest cuttings were shown to be the primary reason for the brownification. According to the simulations, a decrease in deposition has resulted in a slightly lower leaching of total organic carbon (TOC). In addition, runoff and TOC leaching from terrestrial areas to the lake was smaller than it would have been without the observed increasing trend in temperature by 2 °C in 25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katri Rankinen
- Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virpi Junttila
- Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martyn Futter
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7070, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Maria Holmberg
- Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
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Zhang Y, Fu H, Kong L, Liu Z. Sediment geochemical records of water quality deterioration in lake Jiren, a remote alpine lake on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Environ Pollut 2023; 335:122350. [PMID: 37572845 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Limited human activities in catchments make remote alpine lakes valuable sites for studying the evolution of lake environments in response to climate change and atmospheric deposition; however, this issue remains rarely studied owing to the scarcity of monitoring data. In this study, water quality evolution in Lake Jiren, a remote alpine lake on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, over the past two centuries was reconstructed through geochemical analyses of aliphatic hydrocarbons, major and trace elements, and organic matter (OM) pyrolysis products in a dated sediment core, and the associated drivers were identified by temporally comparing the geochemical results with document records. All geochemical data demonstrated that the lake water remained relatively pure until 1947, after which the n-alkane and αβ-hopane proxies indicated eutrophication and petroleum contamination. The OM pyrolysis proxy hydrocarbon index indicated more eutrophic conditions after 1957. Concurrently, hypolimnetic deoxygenation increased, as indicated by redox-sensitive proxies, such as the enrichment factors (EFs) of molybdenum (Mo). These proxies recorded further intensification of deoxygenation after 1976. The EFs for other trace elements indicated cadmium contamination after 1967. The greater anthropogenic emissions of reactive nitrogen, petroleum products, and heavy metals in East and South Asia since approximately 1950 and the subsequent atmospheric transport of these materials to the lake might be the basic driver of water quality deterioration. Eutrophication induced by nitrogen deposition was responsible for increased hypolimnetic deoxygenation by enhancing phytoplankton productivity and OM input. The further intensification of deoxygenation was attributed to climate warming since the 1970s, as prolonged water column stratification under this condition decreased oxygen input from the epilimnion to the lake bottom. These findings may be beneficial for understanding the natural and anthropogenic effects on the water quality of alpine lakes and help in the environmental management of Lake Jiren and other alpine lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Zhang
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Huan Fu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Lingyang Kong
- Department of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Luo S, Liu Y, Luo B, Yang Y, Li L, Fu X, Peng L, Zeng Q. Straw removal or non-removal affects cadmium (Cd) accumulation in soil-rice (Oryza sativa L.) system at different ambient air Cd levels. J Environ Manage 2023; 344:118477. [PMID: 37364489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the potential importance of the removal of contaminated straw for heavy metal output from agricultural soils, previous studies have primarily focused on the variation in the metal concentration without considering the impact input of heavy metals from atmospheric deposition. Here, rice was grown under field conditions, and, as a reference, in a deposition-free environment, and exposed to different ambient air Cd levels. Two consecutive years of pot experiments were conducted in two study areas (ZZ and LY) to examine the changes in soil physicochemical properties as well as Cd accumulation in the soil-rice (Oryza sativa L.) system in response to straw return or removal. The results showed that rice straw return enhanced the soil pH and organic matter (OM) content, but reduced the soil redox potential (Eh); and the variation in amplitude increased with number of cultivation years. After two years of cultivation, the concentrations of soil total Cd and extractable Cd in the straw-removal treatments reduced by 9.89-29.49% and 4.88-37.74%, respectively, whereas those in the straw-return treatments exhibited a slight decrease, or even an increase. This indicated that straw removal could effectively reduce the concentration and bioavailability of Cd in contaminated farmland, which was further confirmed by the results for accumulation of Cd in rice tissues. In addition, the contribution from atmospheric deposition was confirmed by the greater variation in Cd concentration in soils and rice tissues under deposition-free conditions. A major implication of our findings is that the adoption of reasonable straw-treatment measures and proper control over ambient air heavy metals can promote the remediation efficiency of Cd-contaminated fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Luo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Yuling Liu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Bihao Luo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yihao Yang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Fu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Qingru Zeng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
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29
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Lv D, Liu Y, Ren L, Huo J, Zhao J, Lu R, Huang Y, Duan L. Assessment of atmospheric heavy metal pollution in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Using mosses as biomonitor. J Hazard Mater 2023; 459:132181. [PMID: 37536154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric heavy metal (HM) pollution may pose a significant threat to the fragile ecosystem of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). To investigate potential atmospheric HM pollution within the QTP region of China, mosses, along with other higher plants and soil, were collected from 33 sites for heavy metal measurement. The concentration ranges of Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu in mosses were 6.07-69.9, 5.36-23.9, 0.60-1.05, and 14.4-50.5 mg·kg-1 (dry weight), respectively, significantly higher than those in other higher plants, except for Zn. The spatial distribution of relative concentrations (RCs; moss to top soil) of HMs varied considerably, indicating distinct differences in atmospheric Zn and Cu pollution levels between the northern and southern QTP. This study first reported that moderate regional atmospheric Cu pollution, primarily due to large-scale mining in recent years, had occurred, particularly in southern QTP. Pb also presented slight pollution due to anthropogenic activities. However, Cd showed almost no atmospheric pollution, while Zn concentrations were relatively high in southern QTP. Although less severe than atmospheric pollution levels in Chinese inland or coastal cities, the atmospheric pollution of Pb and Cu in QTP indicated by mosses were far more severe than global background areas, or even worse than most European cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Lv
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liang Ren
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiaxuan Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruijie Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yongmei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lei Duan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Nguyen MA, Ahrens L, Josefsson S, Gustavsson J, Laudon H, Wiberg K. Seasonal trends and retention of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in a remote sub-Arctic catchment. Environ Pollut 2023; 333:121992. [PMID: 37348698 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition is the most dominant source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in remote and pristine areas. Despite low bioaccumulation potential, PAHs and their persistent transformation products (PAH-derivatives) are chemicals of concern as they can harm human and animal health through chronic low dose exposure. In this study, atmospheric deposition fluxes of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) were measured on a seasonal basis (3-month periods) from 2012 to 2016 in a remote subarctic forest catchment in northern Europe. The target PACs included 19 PAHs and 15 PAH-derivatives (oxygenated, nitrogenated, and methylated PAHs). The deposition fluxes of ƩPAHs and ƩPAH-derivatives were in the same range and averaged 530 and 500 ng m2 day-1, respectively. The fluxes were found to be higher with a factor of 2.5 for ƩPAHs and a factor of 3 for ƩPAH-derivatives during cold (<0 °C) in comparison to warm (>10 °C) periods. PAHs and PAH-derivatives showed similar seasonal patterns, which suggests that these two compound classes have similar sources and deposition mechanisms, and that the source strength of the PAH-derivatives in air follows that of the PAHs. The terrestrial export of PACs via the outlet of the catchment stream was estimated to be 1.1% for ƩPAHs and 1.7% for ƩPAH-derivatives in relation to the annual amounts deposited to the catchment, which suggests that boreal forests are sinks for PACs derived from the atmosphere. Some individual PACs showed higher export than others (i.e. chrysene, cyclopenta(c,d)pyrene, carbazole, quinoline, and benzo(f)quinoline), with high export PACs mostly characterized by low molecular weight and low hydrophobicity (2-3 benzene rings; log Kow<6.0).
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh A Nguyen
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lutz Ahrens
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sarah Josefsson
- Geological Survey of Sweden, Box 670, SE-751 28, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jakob Gustavsson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hjalmar Laudon
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karin Wiberg
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Jung JM, Kim CJ, Chung CS, Kim T, Choi KY. Heavy metal characterization of land-based waste dumped at three ocean dumping sites in the Republic of Korea. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 193:115205. [PMID: 37352800 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
From 1991 to 2021, 16 categories of land-based waste, totaling 131,400,000 m3, were dumped at three sites in Korea. The concentration of heavy metals varied by waste type, with organic sludge showing higher levels than liquid waste. While wastewater treatment sludge was the most commonly discarded waste, the quantity and types of waste disposed of varied by site. Before the 2015 ban on ocean dumping, 62,330 tons of heavy metals were introduced, including zinc, copper, chromium, lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury in descending order of frequency. In each heavy metal category, the portion of land-based waste varied by dumping site. Compared to heavy metals from atmospheric deposition, anthropogenic heavy metal input from dumping was up to 141 times higher for copper. This study serves as a reference for estimating the impact of pollutants from dumped waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Mo Jung
- Major of Oceanography, Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Environmental Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Joon Kim
- Marine Environmental Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Chung
- Marine Environmental Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejin Kim
- Major of Oceanography, Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Choi
- Marine Environmental Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Parashar N, Hait S. Plastic rain-Atmospheric microplastics deposition in urban and peri-urban areas of Patna City, Bihar, India: Distribution, characteristics, transport, and source analysis. J Hazard Mater 2023; 458:131883. [PMID: 37348371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of atmospheric microplastics (MPs) deposition in India is scarce though reports of MPs pollution in other environmental media exist. Henceforth, this study for the first time examines and compares the abundance, characteristics, transport, and source analysis of atmospheric MPs in the urban and peri-urban areas of Patna city, Bihar, India. Wet atmospheric fallout samples were collected and analyzed for MPs deposition rate. The results showed that the mean MPs concentrations at each site were 1959.6 ± 205 (urban) and 1320.4 ± 126 (peri-urban) MPs/m2/day. The deposited MPs were mainly transparent fibers and fragments with a mean size of 347.9 ± 189.2 µm. Polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene were the most abundant polymer found at both sites. Morphological characteristics revealed surface degradation and deposition of metal contaminants on the identified MPs. Meteorological parameters (wind direction and rainfall intensity) were significantly associated with the distribution of atmospheric MPs in the study area. The cluster mean backward trajectory suggested vehicular emissions, construction activities, and waste mismanagement as the potential sources of MPs. Findings of the present work necessitates future studies in gaining a deeper understanding of the fate, movement, and potential health hazards associated with atmospheric MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Parashar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801 106, India
| | - Subrata Hait
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801 106, India.
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33
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Chinfak N, Sompongchaiyakul P, Charoenpong C, Wu Y, Du J, Jiang S, Zhang J. Riverine and submarine groundwater nutrients fuel high primary production in a tropical bay. Sci Total Environ 2023; 877:162896. [PMID: 36933731 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
River discharge has long been recognized as a major source of nutrients supporting high primary production (PP) in Bandon Bay, while submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and atmospheric deposition have largely been overlooked. In this study, we evaluated contributions of nutrients via river, SGD and atmospheric deposition, and their roles on PP in the bay. Contribution of nutrients from the three sources during different time of the year was estimated. Nutrients supply from Tapi-Phumduang River accounted for two-fold the amount from SGD while very little supply was from atmospheric deposition. Significant seasonal difference in silicate and dissolved inorganic nitrogen were observed in river water. Dissolved phosphorous in river water was mainly (80 % to 90 %) of DOP in both seasons. For the bay water, DIP in wet season was two-fold higher than in dry season while dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) was only one half of those measured in dry season. In SGD, dissolved nitrogen was mostly inorganic (with 99 % as NH4+), while dissolved phosphorous was predominantly (DOP). In general, Tapi River is the most important source of nitrogen (NO3-, NO2-, and DON), contributing >70 % of all considered sources, especially in wet season, while SGD is a major source for DSi, NH4+ and phosphorus, contributing 50 % to 90 % of all considered sources. To this end, Tapi River and SGD deliver a large quantity of nutrients and support high PP in the bay (337 to 553 mg-C m-2 day-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Narainrit Chinfak
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Penjai Sompongchaiyakul
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Charoenpong
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinzhou Du
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Ma C, Yu Y, Liu F, Lin L, Zhang K, Liu N, Zhang H. Influence mechanism of awns on wheat grain Pb absorption: Awns' significant contribution to grain Pb was mainly originated from their direct absorption of atmospheric Pb at the late grain-filling stage. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 257:114957. [PMID: 37105099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The spike is the organ that contributes the most to lead (Pb) accumulation in wheat grains. However, as an important photosynthetic and transpiration tissue in spike, the role of awn in wheat grain Pb absorption remains unknown. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the influence mechanism of awn on grain Pb accumulation through two comparative treatments: with and without awns (de-awned treatment). The de-awned treatment decreased wheat yield by 4.1 %; however, it significantly lowered the grain Pb accumulation rate at the late filling stage (15 days after anthesis) and led to a 22.8 % decrease in grain Pb concentration from 0.57 to 0.44 mg·kg-1. Moreover, the relative contribution of awn-to-grain Pb accumulation gradually increased with the filling process, finally reaching 26.6 % at maturity. In addition, Pb isotope source analysis indicated that the Pb in the awn and grain mainly originated from atmospheric deposition, and the de-awned treatment decreased the proportion of grain Pb from atmospheric deposition by 8.9 %. Microstructural observations further confirmed that the contribution of awns to grain Pb accumulation mainly originated from their direct absorption of atmospheric Pb. In conclusion, awns play an important role in wheat grain Pb absorption at the late grain-filling stage; planting awnless or short-awn wheat varieties may be the simplest and effective environmental management measure to reduce the health risks of Pb in wheat in regions with serious atmospheric Pb contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China.
| | - Yawei Yu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Fuyong Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Camerino, Camerino, 62032 Macerata, Italy
| | - Lin Lin
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China.
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35
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Wang T, Qu L, Luo D, Ji X, Ma Z, Wang Z, Dahlgren RA, Zhang M, Shang X. Microplastic pollution characteristics and its future perspectives in the Tibetan Plateau. J Hazard Mater 2023; 457:131711. [PMID: 37257387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are an emerging and persistent pollutant due to their threat to global ecological systems and human health. Recent studies showed that microplastics have infiltrated the remote Third Pole - the Tibetan Plateau. Here, we summarize the current evidence for microplastic pollution in the different environments (rivers/lakes, sediment, soil, ice/snow and atmosphere) of the Tibetan Plateau. We assess the spatial distribution, source, fate, and potential ecological effects of microplastics in this broad plateau. The integrated results show that microplastics were pervasive in biotic and abiotic components of the Tibetan Plateau, even at the global highest-altitude, Mt. Everest. Although the concentration of microplastics in the Tibetan Plateau was far below that found in the densely populated lowlands, it showed a higher concentration than that in the ocean system. Tourist populations are identified as a substantial source of anthropogenic plastic input rather than local residents due to the rapid development of the tourism industry. In the sparsely inhabited remote area of the Tibetan Plateau, long-range atmospheric transport facilitates allochthonous microplastic diffusion. Robust solar radiation in the Tibetan Plateau might enhanced production of secondary microplastics by weathering (UV-photooxidation) of abandoned plastic waste. A rough estimation showed that the microplastic export flux from melting glaciers was higher than that measured in most of the world's largest rivers, which affects local and downstream areas. Since the Tibetan Plateau is vital for Asian water supply and numerous endangered wildlife, the potential human and ecological risk of microplastics to these fragile ecosystems needs to be fully evaluated within the context of climate-change impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liyin Qu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Dehua Luo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaoliang Ji
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zengling Ma
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhonggen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Randy A Dahlgren
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Minghua Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Xu Shang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Al Mamun A, Zhang L, Yang F, Cheng I, Qiu X. Atmospheric deposition mapping of particulate elements in the Canadian Athabasca oil sands region. Environ Pollut 2023:121868. [PMID: 37244528 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study used a deposition modeling framework to generate gridded dry, wet, and total (dry + wet) deposition fluxes of 27 particulate elements over the Canadian Athabasca oil sands region and its surrounding areas for the years 2016-2017. The framework employed the element concentrations from the CALPUFF dispersion model outputs that were bias-corrected against measured concentrations, modeled dry deposition velocities, precipitation analysis data, and literature values of element-specific fine mode fractions and scavenging ratios by rain and snow. The annual total deposition (mg/m2/year) of all elements (EM) across the domain ranged from 4.49 to 5450 and the mean and median deposition were 60.9 and 31.0, respectively. Total EM deposition decreased rapidly within a short distance from the oil sands mining area. Annual mean total deposition (mg/m2/year) of EM was 717 in Zone 1 (within 30 km from a reference point, representing the center of the oil sands mining area), 115 in Zone 2 (30-100 km from the reference point), and 35.4 in Zone 3 (beyond 100 km from the reference point). The deposition of individual elements was primarily governed by their respective concentrations and among all elements the annual mean total deposition (μg/m2/year) over the domain varied five orders of magnitude ranging from 0.758 (Ag) to 20,000 (Si). Annual mean dry and wet deposition (mg/m2/year) of EM over the domain were 15.7 and 45.2, respectively. Aside from S, which has relatively lower precipitation scavenging efficiencies, wet deposition was the dominant deposition type in the region contributing from 51% (Pb) to 86% (Ca) of the respective total deposition. Total EM deposition over the domain in the warm season (66.2 mg/m2/year) was slightly higher than that in the cold season (55.6 mg/m2/year). Deposition of individual elements in Zone 1 were generally lower than their deposition at other sites across North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulla Al Mamun
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - Leiming Zhang
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada.
| | - Fuquan Yang
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada; SLR Consulting (Canada) Ltd, 100 Stone Road West, Suite 201, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 5L3, Canada
| | - Irene Cheng
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - Xin Qiu
- SLR Consulting (Canada) Ltd, 100 Stone Road West, Suite 201, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 5L3, Canada
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Liu Z, Liu X, Bai Y, Wei H, Lu J. Spatiotemporal distribution and potential sources of atmospheric microplastic deposition in a semiarid urban environment of Northwest China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27581-2. [PMID: 37208508 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the spatiotemporal distribution of microplastic deposition was investigated through ordinary Kriging interpolation, and the potential sources of microplastic deposition were identified by using Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model. The results showed that the total deposition flux of microplastics ranged from 79.5 to 810.0 p/(m2·d). The shapes of microplastics could be divided into 4 shapes: fiber, fragment, film, and pellet. Seven polymer types of microplastics were identified, including polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Most microplastics were tiny and small sizes (≤ 500 μm) and colorless. Through model analysis and survey, microplastic deposition came from the study region, and the potential sources might be plastic products and wastes. The seasons with the highest and lowest total deposition flux were summer (535.5 p/(m2·d)) and winter (197.5 p/(m2·d)), respectively. The months of the highest and lowest total deposition flux were June 2021 (681.4 p/(m2·d)) and January 2022 (112.2 p/(m2·d)), respectively. Most fibers (PET, PA, PP) and fragments (PP) were distributed in populous areas such as commercial centers and residential areas. Abundant fragments (PET, PS, PE) and films (PE, PVC) were distributed around salvage stations. Almost all of the pellets (PE, PMMA) were found in the factory. Our results suggested that the temporal distribution of microplastic deposition was influenced by precipitation and mean temperature of air, and the spatial distribution of microplastic deposition was influenced by sources and population density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
- Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control of Yellow River Basin Cities, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xianyu Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Gansu Academy of Environmental Science, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Huijuan Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Juan Lu
- Lanzhou Resources & Environment VOC-Tech University, Lanzhou, 730123, China
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Forster NA, Wilson SC, Tighe MK. Microplastic pollution on hiking and running trails in Australian protected environments. Sci Total Environ 2023; 874:162473. [PMID: 36842582 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous worldwide, present even in remote areas of the natural environment. Hiking and trail running are a source of MPs on recreational trails in protected environments, which are characterised by high biodiversity and natural, ecological or cultural significance. Our understanding of the risks of microplastic pollution is impeded however by a lack of information on MPs present in the soil environment in such areas. This study characterised the quantity and physicochemical characteristics of MPs in two conservation areas in south-eastern Australia: 1) the adjacent Duval Nature Reserve and Dumaresq Dam Reserve, and 2) the Washpool and Gibraltar Range National Parks. We measured atmospheric deposition over a six-month period in the Reserves, and baseline amounts of MPs on recreational trails in the Reserves and National Parks. Atmospheric deposition averaged 17.4 MPs m-2 day-1 and was dominated by fibres, comprising 84 % of MPs. Microplastics detected on trail surfaces ranged from 162.5 ± 41.6 MPs/linear metre to 168.7 ± 18.5 MPs/linear metre and exhibited a very wide range of physical and chemical characteristics. The majority of MPs on the trail surfaces comprised polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate and polystyrene, and 47-71 % were fibres. Microplastics were attributed to clothing, footwear, litter, and diffuse sources. Minimising and preventing MP pollution, however, is complex given there are multiple direct and diffuse sources, and several factors influencing increased MP deposition and retention in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Forster
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
| | - Susan C Wilson
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
| | - Matthew K Tighe
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
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Liu W, Xing X, Li M, Yu Y, Hu T, Mao Y, Liang L, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Qi S. New insight into the geochemical mechanism and behavior of heavy metals in soil and dust fall of a typical copper smelter. Environ Res 2023; 225:115638. [PMID: 36889563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The desorption mechanism of heavy metals (HMs) in soil around the mining region are complex and affected by multiple pollution sources, including sewage discharge and atmospheric deposition. Meanwhile, pollution sources would change soil physical and chemical properties (mineralogy and organic matter), thus affecting the bioavailability of HMs. This study aimed to investigate the pollution source of HMs (Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in soil near mining, and further evaluate influence mechanism of dust fall on HMs pollution in soil by desorption dynamics processes and pH-dependence leaching test. Result presented that dust fall is the primary pollution source to HMs accumulation in soil. Additionally, the result of mineralogical analysis in dust fall revealed that quartz, kaolinite, calcite, chalcopyrite, and magnetite are the major mineralogical phases by XRD and SEM-EDS. Meanwhile, the abundance of kaolinite and calcite in dust fall is higher than in soil, which is the primary reason of higher acid-base buffer capacity of dust fall. Correspondingly, the weakened or disappeared of hydroxyl after the adding acid extraction (0-0.4 mmol· g-1) demonstrated that hydroxyl is the main participants of HMs absorption in soil and dust fall. These combined findings suggested that atmospheric deposition not only increases the pollution loading of HMs in soil, but also changes the mineral phase composition of soil, which would increase the adsorption capacity and bioavailability of HMs in soil. This is very remarkable that heavy metals in soil influenced by dust fall pollution could be released preferentially when soil pH is changed. The present results of this study would provide efficient and scientific targeted strategies for pollution control of HMs in soil near mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Liu
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Xinli Xing
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China.
| | - Miao Li
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tianpeng Hu
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Yao Mao
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Lili Liang
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiaquan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Shihua Qi
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Liu P, Wu Q, Hu W, Tian K, Huang B, Zhao Y. Effects of atmospheric deposition on heavy metals accumulation in agricultural soils: Evidence from field monitoring and Pb isotope analysis. Environ Pollut 2023; 330:121740. [PMID: 37121303 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition is an essential pathway of heavy metals (HMs) from the atmosphere to soils, while few studies assess the effects and contributions of atmospheric deposition on HMs accumulations in agricultural soils from the field and regional scales. In this study, eleven representative field monitoring sites from industrial areas, agricultural areas, and reference site in a typical rapid industrial development region were selected to determine the effects of atmospheric deposition on soil HMs accumulation. Industrial activities significantly increased the deposited particles flux from atmospheric deposition, with annual particles fluxes in industrial areas being 1.83 and 1.90 times higher than in agricultural areas and reference site, respectively. Although the HMs deposition fluxes had decreased significantly with time by literature comparison, the deposition fluxes of Cd and Pb were still at high levels in this study area. Precipitation was the key factor affecting seasonal variations of atmospheric HMs deposition. Lead isotope analysis indicated that atmospheric Pb originated from coal combustion, and atmospheric deposition was the primary source of Pb contamination in agricultural soil adjacent to industries. This study provided insight into the effects of atmospheric deposition on agricultural soil HMs accumulations at the regional scale and an important theoretical basis for source-preventing soil HMs contamination in industrial developed and other similar areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiumei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenyou Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Kang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongcun Zhao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
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41
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Zhang L, He Z, Wu Z, Macdonald AM, Brook JR, Kharol S. A database of modeled gridded dry deposition velocities for 45 gaseous species and three particle size ranges across North America. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:264-272. [PMID: 36522058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The dry deposition process refers to the flux loss of an atmospheric pollutant due to uptake of the pollutant by the earth's surfaces. Dry deposition flux of a chemical species is typically calculated as the product of its surface-layer concentration and its dry deposition velocity (Vd). Field measurement based Vd data are very scarce or do not exist for many chemical species considered in chemistry transport models. In the present study, gaseous and particulate dry deposition schemes were applied to generate a database of hourly Vd for 45 gaseous species and three particle size ranges for two years (2016-2017) at a 15 km by 15 km horizontal resolution across North America. Hourly Vd of the 45 gaseous species ranged from < 0.001 to 4.6 cm/sec across the whole domain, with chemical species-dependent median (mean) values being in the range of 0.018-1.37 cm/sec (0.05-1.43 cm/sec). The spatial distributions of the two-year average Vd showed values higher than 1-3 cm/sec for those soluble and reactive species over certain land types. Soluble species have the highest Vd over water surfaces, while insoluble but reactive species have the highest Vd over forests. Hourly Vd of PM2.5 across the whole domain ranged from 0.039 to 0.75 cm/sec with median (mean) value of 0.18 (0.20) cm s-1, while the mean Vd for PM2.5-10 is twice that of PM2.5. Uncertainties in the modeled Vd are typically on the order of a factor of 2.0 or larger, which needs to be considered when applying the dataset in other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiming Zhang
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
| | - Zhuanshi He
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - Anne Marie Macdonald
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - Jeffrey R Brook
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2E4, Canada
| | - Shailesh Kharol
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada
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Zhang R, Jia X, Wang K, Lu L, Li F, Li J, Xu L. Characteristics, sources and influencing factors of atmospheric deposition of microplastics in three different ecosystems of Beijing, China. Sci Total Environ 2023; 883:163567. [PMID: 37094671 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As the research on microplastics (MPs) has intensified, more attention has been paid to MPs deposition in the atmosphere. This study further explores and compares the characteristics, the possible sources and influencing factors of deposition of MPs in three different ecosystems: forest, agricultural and residential area in Beijing. It was found that the deposited plastics were mostly white or black fibres, with PET and RY as the main MPs types. The range of deposition fluxes was 67.06-461.02 item·m-2·d-1, with highest deposition in residential area and lowest in forest, significant differences in MPs characteristics between environments. Based on MPs composition and shape, combined with backward trajectory analysis, the main sources of MPs were found to be textiles. Deposition of MPs was found to be influenced by environmental and meteorological factors. Factors such as gross domestic product and population density had a significant impact on the deposition flux, while wind played a diluting role for atmospheric MPs. The study investigated the characteristics of MPs in different ecosystems which may help to understand the transport patterns of MPs and is of great importance for the management of MPs pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xiaoxu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and `, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Luli Lu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Fang Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and `, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Li Xu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, China.
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Hůnová I, Novák M, Kurfürst P, Škáchová H, Štěpánová M, Přechová E, Veselovský F, Čuřík J, Bohdálková L, Komárek A. Comparison of vertical and horizontal atmospheric deposition of nitrate at Central European mountain-top sites during three consecutive winters. Sci Total Environ 2023; 869:161697. [PMID: 36690116 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition, a key process of atmospheric self-cleaning, represents an important pathway for nutrients and pollutants to ecosystems. Enhanced N deposition flux contributes to acidification, eutrophication and loss of biodiversity. N-NO3- concentrations in rime and snow were measured at 10 Czech plots situated in borderline mountains in 2009-2011 winters. The results were put in context with data-driven geostatistical modelling results of annual wet vertical and horizontal deposition. Our hypotheses were that: (i) rime and snow would be more polluted in the highly industrialized north than in the south, (ii) the N-NO3- concentrations would differ in the three winters studied, and (iii), that N-NO3- rime deposition is not negligible in Central European mountain ranges. Our results indicated that winter N-NO3- concentrations were significantly higher in rime than in snow and that there were much larger between-site differences in N-NO3- concentrations for rime than for snow. Relatively large differences were found between individual years. Atmospheric input of N-NO3- in winter was dominated by vertical deposition, i.e., snow. Modelled results showed that mean winter rime deposition corresponded to about 6-25 %, and mean winter snow deposition made up 25-72.5 % of mean annual N-NO3- wet-only deposition. Model N-NO3-occult deposition estimated from throughfall and total (wet and dry) deposition is highly uncertain, however: N throughfall is not a relevant proxy for estimation of realistic total N deposition due to N exchange between the tree canopy and atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Hůnová
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Na Šabatce 17, 143 06 Prague 4, Komořany, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Novák
- Czech Geological Survey, Department of Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kurfürst
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Na Šabatce 17, 143 06 Prague 4, Komořany, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Škáchová
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Na Šabatce 17, 143 06 Prague 4, Komořany, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Štěpánová
- Czech Geological Survey, Department of Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Přechová
- Czech Geological Survey, Department of Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - František Veselovský
- Czech Geological Survey, Department of Rock Geochemistry, Geologická 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Čuřík
- Czech Geological Survey, Department of Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Leona Bohdálková
- Czech Geological Survey, Department of Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Arnošt Komárek
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Sokolovská 83, 186 75 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Lassiter MG, Lin J, Compton JE, Phelan J, Sabo RD, Stoddard JL, McDow SR, Greaver TL. Shifts in the composition of nitrogen deposition in the conterminous United States are discernable in stream chemistry. Sci Total Environ 2023; 881:163409. [PMID: 37044336 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Across the conterminous United States, the composition of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is changing spatially and temporally. Previously, deposition was dominated by oxidized N, but now reduced N (ammonia [NH3] + ammonium [NH4+]) is equivalent to oxidized N when deposition is averaged across the entire nation and, in some areas, reduced N dominates deposition. To evaluate if there are effects of this change on stream chemistry at the national scale, estimates of N deposition form (oxidized or reduced) from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program Total Deposition data were coupled with stream measurements from the U.S. EPA National Rivers and Streams Assessments (three stream surveys between 2000 and 2014). A recent fine-scaled N input inventory was used to identify watersheds (<1000 km2) where atmospheric deposition is the largest N source (n = 1906). Within these more atmospherically-influenced watersheds there was a clear temporal shift from a greater proportion of sites dominated by oxidized N deposition to a greater proportion of sites dominated by reduced forms of N deposition. We found a significant positive correlation between oxidized N deposition and stream NO3- concentrations, whereas the correlation between reduced N deposition and stream NO3- concentrations were significant but weaker. Sites dominated by atmospheric inputs of reduced N forms had higher stream total organic N and total N despite lower total N deposition on average. This higher stream concentration of total N is mainly driven by the higher concentration of total organic N, suggesting an interaction between elevated reduced N in deposition and living components of the ecosystem or soil organic matter dynamics. Regardless of the proportion of reduced to oxidized N forms in deposition, stream NH4+ concentrations were generally low, suggesting that N deposited in a reduced form is rapidly immobilized, nitrified and/or assimilated by watershed processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith G Lassiter
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Health and Environmental Effects Assessment Division, 109 T.W. Alexander Dr. Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
| | - Jiajia Lin
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Postdoctoral Participant, Corvallis, OR 97333, United States; U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, United States
| | - Jana E Compton
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, United States.
| | - Jennifer Phelan
- RTI International, P.O. Box 12194, 3040 Cornwallis Rd., RTP, NC 27709, United States.
| | - Robert D Sabo
- US EPA Headquarters, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Health and Environmental Effects Assessment Division, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Mailcode 8623-P, Washington, DC 20460, United States.
| | - John L Stoddard
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, United States.
| | - Stephen R McDow
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Health and Environmental Effects Assessment Division, 109 T.W. Alexander Dr. Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
| | - Tara L Greaver
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Health and Environmental Effects Assessment Division, 109 T.W. Alexander Dr. Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
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Tedetti M, Tronczynski J, Carlotti F, Pagano M, Ismail SB, Sammari C, Hassen MB, Desboeufs K, Poindron C, Chifflet S, Zouari AB, Abdennadher M, Amri S, Bănaru D, Abdallah LB, Bhairy N, Boudriga I, Bourin A, Brach-Papa C, Briant N, Cabrol L, Chevalier C, Chouba L, Coudray S, Yahia MND, de Garidel-Thoron T, Dufour A, Dutay JC, Espinasse B, Fierro-González P, Fornier M, Garcia N, Giner F, Guigue C, Guilloux L, Hamza A, Heimbürger-Boavida LE, Jacquet S, Knoery J, Lajnef R, Belkahia NM, Malengros D, Martinot PL, Bosse A, Mazur JC, Meddeb M, Misson B, Pringault O, Quéméneur M, Radakovitch O, Raimbault P, Ravel C, Rossi V, Rwawi C, Hlaili AS, Tesán-Onrubia JA, Thomas B, Thyssen M, Zaaboub N, Garnier C. Contamination of planktonic food webs in the Mediterranean Sea: Setting the frame for the MERITE-HIPPOCAMPE oceanographic cruise (spring 2019). Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 189:114765. [PMID: 36898272 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper looks at experiential feedback and the technical and scientific challenges tied to the MERITE-HIPPOCAMPE cruise that took place in the Mediterranean Sea in spring 2019. This cruise proposes an innovative approach to investigate the accumulation and transfer of inorganic and organic contaminants within the planktonic food webs. We present detailed information on how the cruise worked, including 1) the cruise track and sampling stations, 2) the overall strategy, based mainly on the collection of plankton, suspended particles and water at the deep chlorophyll maximum, and the separation of these particles and planktonic organisms into various size fractions, as well as the collection of atmospheric deposition, 3) the operations performed and material used at each station, and 4) the sequence of operations and main parameters analysed. The paper also provides the main environmental conditions that were prevailing during the campaign. Lastly, we present the types of articles produced based on work completed by the cruise that are part of this special issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Tedetti
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France.
| | - Jacek Tronczynski
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44311 Nantes, France
| | - François Carlotti
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Pagano
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Sana Ben Ismail
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Cherif Sammari
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Malika Bel Hassen
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Karine Desboeufs
- Université Paris Cité et Université Paris-Est Creteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Poindron
- Université Paris Cité et Université Paris-Est Creteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Chifflet
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Amel Bellaaj Zouari
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Moufida Abdennadher
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Sirine Amri
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Daniela Bănaru
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Lotfi Ben Abdallah
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Nagib Bhairy
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Ismail Boudriga
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Aude Bourin
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christophe Brach-Papa
- Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Provence Azur Corse, Zone portuaire de Brégaillon, CS 20330, 83507 La Seyne-sur-Mer Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Briant
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44311 Nantes, France
| | - Léa Cabrol
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Cristele Chevalier
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Lassaad Chouba
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Sylvain Coudray
- Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Provence Azur Corse, Zone portuaire de Brégaillon, CS 20330, 83507 La Seyne-sur-Mer Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Nejib Daly Yahia
- Environmental Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Aurélie Dufour
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Claude Dutay
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Boris Espinasse
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Michel Fornier
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Nicole Garcia
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Franck Giner
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SRTE-LRTA, Cadarache, France
| | - Catherine Guigue
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Loïc Guilloux
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Asma Hamza
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | | | - Stéphanie Jacquet
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Joel Knoery
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44311 Nantes, France
| | - Rim Lajnef
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Makhlouf Belkahia
- Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Bizerte, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement, Biologie et Physiologie des Organismes Aquatiques LR18ES41, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Deny Malengros
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Pauline L Martinot
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Bosse
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Charles Mazur
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, INRAE, CEREGE, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 4, France
| | - Marouan Meddeb
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement, Biologie et Physiologie des Organismes Aquatiques LR18ES41, Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Phytoplanctonologie, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Benjamin Misson
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, MIO, Toulon, France
| | - Olivier Pringault
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Marianne Quéméneur
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Radakovitch
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, INRAE, CEREGE, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 4, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SRTE-LRTA, Cadarache, France
| | - Patrick Raimbault
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Ravel
- Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Provence Azur Corse, Zone portuaire de Brégaillon, CS 20330, 83507 La Seyne-sur-Mer Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Rossi
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Chaimaa Rwawi
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Asma Sakka Hlaili
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement, Biologie et Physiologie des Organismes Aquatiques LR18ES41, Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Phytoplanctonologie, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | | | - Bastien Thomas
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, F-44311 Nantes, France
| | - Melilotus Thyssen
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Noureddine Zaaboub
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), 28, rue 2 mars 1934, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia
| | - Cédric Garnier
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, MIO, Toulon, France
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Peng H, Rong Y, Chen D, Sun R, Huang J, Ding H, Olid C, Yan H. Anthropogenic activity and millennial climate variability affect Holocene mercury deposition of an alpine wetland near the largest mercury mine in China. Chemosphere 2023; 316:137855. [PMID: 36642145 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a potentially toxic element that can be transported globally through the atmosphere, once deposited in the environment, has strong bioaccumulation and extreme toxicity in food webs, especially in wetland ecosystems. Anthropogenic Hg emissions have enhanced Hg deposition by 3-5 times since the industrial revolution, and the mining and smelting of Hg ore are important emission sources. However, the dynamics in Hg deposition around the largest Hg mine in China before the industrial revolution and their driving forces remain poorly explored. Here we reconstruct the atmospheric Hg depositional fluxes (named here Hg influx (Hginflux)) during the Holocene using a 450-cm alpine wetland sediment core taken from the Jiulongchi wetland, which is only 65 km to the Wanshan Mercury Mine. Our record shows an abrupt rapid increase in Hg concentration since 2500 cal yr BP, suggesting that Hg mining in southwest China may have started before the establishment of the Qin dynasty. Two major Hginflux peaks were found during the periods 10,000-6000 and 6000 - 3800 cal yr BP, with an increase in Hg deposition by a factor of 4-8. These two peaks are also found in other terrestrial archives from several sites across the Northern Hemisphere. We speculate that critical millennial-scale climate changes, i.e., the Holocene Climatic Optimum (HCO) and the Mid-Holocene Transition (MHT), were the potential triggers of these two Hginflux peaks. This study highlights the importance of climatic variability and local Hg mining in controlling atmospheric Hg deposition during the Holocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Yimeng Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Di Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruiyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hanwei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Carolina Olid
- UB-Geomodels Research Institute, Departament de Dinàmica de la Terra i l'Oceà, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Haiyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
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47
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Zhou X, Lu L, Wang Y, Fang Y, Sun T. Spatial distribution and source analysis of airborne trace metal deposition using moss biomonitoring in Huai'an, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:34022-34036. [PMID: 36504303 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial mosses are tracers for studying atmospheric trace metal deposition and pollution. Here, Al, Fe, Zn, Mn, Ba, Cu, V, Cr, Pb, Ni, Co, and Cd concentrations in mosses from Huai'an, China, were measured to investigate their contamination level, spatial distribution, and sources. The average concentration of all the metals (except Ni) was much higher than those in Albania, a "hotspot" of toxic metal contamination in Europe. The pollution degree of the metals varied significantly: moderate contamination by Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, V, and Cd; slight contamination by Ba, Cu, Ni, and Pb; and suspected contamination by Co. Based on the Nemerow index (PN), only 8% of the moss samples were graded as moderate pollution, while the remaining 92% were rated as heavy pollution, with Cd and Zn contributing the most. The potential ecological risk index (RI) indicated a moderate potential ecological risk from the metals in Huai'an, with the atmosphere most heavily polluted by Cd. Further, the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was applied to confirm the metal contamination sources and allocate their source contributions in Huai'an mosses. The results showed that the source contributions of industrial activities related to metal smelting, textile dyestuff and agricultural activities, mining development, natural source, and coal burning and traffic emission accounted for 28.86%, 20.29%, 19.83%, 17.98%, and 13.04%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhou
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, China
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Yancheng, 224002, China
| | - Liping Lu
- Hongze Lake East Wetland Provincial Nature Reserve Management Office, Huai'an, 211706, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Tongxing Sun
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, China
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48
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Zhang X, Zhang S, Lu J, Li R, Lin X, Gao W. Isotopic characteristics and sources of suspended particulate organic matter in a reservoir of Chinese desert grassland areas: the influence of dry and wet seasons and the role of atmospheric deposition. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:39042-39054. [PMID: 36595176 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24751-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is essential to study the sources of suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) for a comprehensive understanding of the carbon and nitrogen cycles in reservoir located in desert grassland areas. Atmospheric deposition is an important pathway for human and natural nutrients to enter water ecosystems. Previous studies have focused on hotspot areas, but neglected the impact of atmospheric deposition on reservoirs in desert grassland regions with little rainfall, long freezing periods, and a dusty climate. In this study, we measured the contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, the isotopic composition (δ13C and δ15N), and the ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen (C/N ratios) for SPOM in the reservoir and its watershed across both dry and wet seasons using carbon and nitrogen isotope techniques. We also analyzed the sources of SPOM in the reservoir using the end-member mixing model. The results showed that the variation range in SPOM for δ13C was - 28.3 to - 21.8‰; for δ15N, it was 2.3 to 8.7‰; and the C/N ratios were 8.12 to 19.12. The variation range of δ13C for atmospheric particulate matter was - 20.0 to - 25.0‰; for δ15N, it was 2.3 to 11.9‰; and the C/N ratios ranged from 7.22 to 17.81. The main sources of carbon in the SPOM were atmospheric deposition and terrestrial C3 plants. The origins were significantly different between the wet and dry periods. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition and soil erosion were the primary sources of particulate nitrogen in the reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengwei Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Water Resources Protection and Utilization of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
- Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junping Lu
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruishen Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Lin
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Gao
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
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49
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Yang J, Yu Y, Ma C, Zhang H. Direct absorption of atmospheric lead by rapeseed siliques is the leading cause of seed lead pollution. J Hazard Mater 2023; 443:130284. [PMID: 36332279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed cultivation is a novel approach to safely utilizing lead (Pb) contaminated farmland. However, the mechanism of Pb absorption in seeds remains uncertain. A field experiment was conducted to explore this mechanism with two contrasting treatments: rapeseed exposed to atmospheric deposition and non-exposed treatment. Non-exposed treatment ultimately decreased Pb content in leaf, silique, and seed by 46.7%, 53.7%, and 53.6%, respectively. Sub-microstructure analysis further confirmed that rapeseed leaves and siliques could directly absorb atmospheric Pb. In addition, Pb isotope analysis indicates that atmospheric deposition is the primary source of silique and seed Pb. The root and silique organs had relative Pb contributions of 28.0% and 72.0%, respectively, to seed. Thus, the direct absorption of atmospheric Pb by siliques during the filling stage was found to be the leading cause of seed Pb pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxing Yang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yawei Yu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China.
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
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50
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Chang CT, Yang CJ, Huang JC. Wet depositions of cations in forests across NADP, EMEP, and EANET monitoring networks over the last two decades. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:26791-26806. [PMID: 36371567 PMCID: PMC9995420 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Studies focused on emissions and acid deposition of sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) and the consequent precipitation acidity have a long history. However, atmospheric depositions of cations play a critical role in buffering precipitation acidity, and providing cationic nutrients for vegetation growth lacks sufficient studies equally. The spatiotemporal patterns of cation depositions and their neutralization potential across broad scales remain unclear. Through synthesizing the long-term data in forest sites (n = 128) derived from three monitoring networks (NADP in Northern America, EMEP in Europe, and EANET in East Asia) on wet deposition of cations (Na+, NH4-N, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+), this study assesses the temporal changes and spatial patterns of cation depositions and their neutralization potential over the last two decades. The results showed that the depositions of cationic nutrients were considerably higher in EANET compared to NADP and EMEP. The depositions of sea salt-associated sodium exhibited a significant transition from marine (> 15 kg ha-1 year-1) to inland (< 3.0 kg ha-1 year-1) forest sites attributable to the precipitation quantity and influences of sea spray. The higher emissions of NH3 and particulate matter in East Asia explained the higher cation depositions in EANET than NADP and EMEP. The annual trends of cations revealed that only 20-30% of the forest sites showed significant changing trends and the sites widely spread across the three networks. Possibly, base cation (BC) deposition has reached a low and stable condition in NADP and EMEP, while it has high spatial heterogeneity in the temporal change in EANET. The difference in BC deposition among the three networks reflects their distinct development of economy. Our synthesis indicates that the annual trends of neutralization factor (NF) in NADP can be explained by the declining of acid potential (AP), not by neutralization potential (NP) as BC deposition has been stably low over the past two decades. Whereas, the concurrent decreases of AP and NP in EMEP or plateau period of both AP and NP in EANET have come to a standstill of acid neutralizing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Te Chang
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) - Ph.D. Program on Biodiversity, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407224, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Ci-Jian Yang
- German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), 14473, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jr-Chuan Huang
- Department of Geography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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