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Hong JM, Munna AN, Moon JH, Seol JW, Park SY. Melatonin-mediated calcineurin inactivation attenuates amyloid beta-induced apoptosis. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:336-344. [PMID: 38390232 PMCID: PMC10882114 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The accumulation of amyloid beta-peptide is a neuropathological marker of AD. While melatonin is recognized to have protective effects on aging and neurodegenerative disorders, the therapeutic effect of melatonin on calcineurin in AD is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of melatonin treatment on amyloid beta-mediated neurotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells. Melatonin treatment decreased calcineurin and autophagy in neuroblastoma cells. Electron microscopy images showed that melatonin inhibited amyloid beta-induced autophagic vacuoles. The increase in the amyloid beta-induced apoptosis rate was observed more in PrPC-expressing ZW cells than in PrPC-silencing Zpl cells. Taken together, the results suggest that by mitigating the effect of calcineurin and autophagy flux activation, melatonin could also rescue amyloid beta-induced neurotoxic effects. These findings may be relevant to therapy for neurodegenerative diseases, including AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Min Hong
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Newaz Munna
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Moon
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Seol
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youel Park
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
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Niu X, Zhang J, Hu S, Dang W, Wang K, Bai M. lncRNA Oip5-as1 inhibits excessive mitochondrial fission in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by modulating DRP1 phosphorylation. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:72. [PMID: 38745296 PMCID: PMC11092055 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00588-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant mitochondrial fission, a critical pathological event underlying myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Oip5-as1 is increasingly recognized for its regulatory roles, particularly in MI/R injury. However, its precise mechanistic role in modulating mitochondrial dynamics remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate the mechanistic role of Oip5-as1 in regulating mitochondrial fission and evaluate its therapeutic potential against MI/R injury. METHODS To simulate in vitro MI/R injury, HL-1 cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Lentiviral vectors were employed to achieve overexpression or knockdown of Oip5-as1 in HL-1 cells by expressing Oip5-as1 or shRNA targeting Oip5-as1, respectively. The impact of Oip5-as1 on mitochondrial dynamics in HL-1 cells was assessed using CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, and biochemical assays. MI/R injury was induced in mice by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. Conditional knockout mice for Oip5-as1 were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology, while overexpression of Oip5-as1 in mice was achieved via intramyocardial administration of AAV9 vectors. In mice, the role of Oip5-as1 was evaluated through echocardiographic assessment, histopathological staining, and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, Western blotting, RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and co-immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to investigate Oip5-as1's underlying mechanisms. RESULTS The expression levels of Oip5-as1 are significantly decreased in MI/R-injured HL-1 cells and myocardium. In HL-1 cells undergoing H/R injury, overexpression of Oip5-as1 attenuated excessive mitochondrial fission, preserved mitochondrial functionality, and reduced cellular apoptosis, while knockdown of Oip5-as1 exhibited the opposite effects. Furthermore, in a mouse model of MI/R injury, overexpression of Oip5-as1 diminished mitochondrial fission, myocardial infarct size and improved cardiac function. However, knockout of Oip5-as1 exacerbated myocardial injury and cardiac dysfunction, which were significantly reversed by treatment with a mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1). Mechanistically, Oip5-as1 selectively interacts with AKAP1 and CaN proteins, inhibiting CaN activation and subsequent DRP1 dephosphorylation at Ser637, thereby constraining DRP1's translocation to the mitochondria and its involvement in mitochondrial fission. CONCLUSIONS Our study underscores the pivotal role of Oip5-as1 in mitigating excessive mitochondrial fission during MI/R injury. The findings not only enhance our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying MI/R injury but also identify Oip5-as1 as a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Niu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- Gansu Clinical Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Medical Genetics Center, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital/Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- Gansu Provincial Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Shuwen Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- Gansu Clinical Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Wenhui Dang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Kaiwen Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
- Gansu Clinical Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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Gao Y, Li S, Liu X, Si D, Chen W, Yang F, Sun H, Yang P. RyR2 Stabilizer Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Downregulating TNF-α/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway through Inhibiting Calcineurin. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-023-10376-8. [PMID: 38652413 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The effect of Ryanodine receptor2 (RyR2) and its stabilizer on cardiac hypertrophy is not well known. C57/BL6 mice underwent transverse aortic contraction (TAC) or sham surgery were administered dantrolene, the RyR2 stabilizer, or control drug. Dantrolene significantly alleviated TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice, and RNA sequencing was performed implying calcineurin/NFAT3 and TNF-α/NF-κB/NLRP3 as critical signaling pathways. Further expression analysis and Western blot with heart tissue as well as neonatal rat cardiomyocyte (NRCM) model confirmed dantrolene decreases the activation of calcineurin/NFAT3 signaling pathway and TNF-α/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway, which was similar to FK506 and might be attenuated by calcineurin overexpression. The present study shows for the first time that RyR2 stabilizer dantrolene attenuates cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the calcineurin, therefore downregulating the TNF-α/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gao
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center of Cardiovascular Disease Precision Medicine, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueyan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center of Cardiovascular Disease Precision Medicine, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun, China
| | - Daoyuan Si
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center of Cardiovascular Disease Precision Medicine, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center of Cardiovascular Disease Precision Medicine, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun, China
| | - Fenghua Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center of Cardiovascular Disease Precision Medicine, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun, China.
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center of Cardiovascular Disease Precision Medicine, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun, China.
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Zuo Y, Liu HT, Lin LB, Yue RZ, Liu HH, Wang HW, Wang L, Hou RL, Liu WZ, Li CZ, Wang JZ, Li P, Yin YL. A new metal ion chelator attenuates human tau accumulation-induced neurodegeneration and memory deficits in mice. Exp Neurol 2024; 373:114657. [PMID: 38141802 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal neurofibrillary tangles containing Tau hyperphosphorylation proteins are a typical pathological marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The level of tangles in neurons correlates positively with severe dementia. However, how Tau induces cognitive dysfunction is still unknown, which leads to a lack of effective treatments for AD. Metal ions deposition occurs with tangles in AD brain autopsy. Reduced metal ion can improve the pathology of AD. To explore whether abnormally phosphorylated Tau causes metal ion deposition, we overexpressed human full-length Tau (hTau) in the hippocampal CA3 area of mice and primary cultured hippocampal neurons (CPHN) and found that Tau accumulation induced iron deposition and activated calcineurin (CaN), which dephosphorylates glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), mediating Tau hyperphosphorylation. Simultaneous activation of CaN dephosphorylates cyclic-AMP response binding protein (CREB), leading to synaptic deficits and memory impairment, as shown in our previous study; this seems to be a vicious cycle exacerbating tauopathy. In the current study, we developed a new metal ion chelator that displayed a significant inhibitory effect on Tau phosphorylation and memory impairment by chelating iron ions in vivo and in vitro. These findings provide new insight into the mechanism of memory impairment induced by Tau accumulation and develop a novel potential treatment for tauopathy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zuo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hui-Ting Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Lai-Biao Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Rui-Zhu Yue
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Huan-Huan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ruan-Ling Hou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Wei-Zhen Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Chang-Zheng Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Henan International Key Laboratory for Non-invasive Neuromodulation, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
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5
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Lee YH, Song GG. Relative efficacy and safety of calcineurin inhibitor, mycophenolate mofetil, and azathioprine as maintenance therapies for lupus nephritis: a network meta-analysis. Z Rheumatol 2024; 83:140-147. [PMID: 37278824 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-023-01374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the relative efficacy and safety of calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and azathioprine (AZA) as maintenance therapies for lupus nephritis. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy and safety of CNI, MMF, and AZA as maintenance therapies in patients with lupus nephritis were included. We performed a Bayesian random-effects network meta-analysis to combine the direct and indirect evidence from RCTs. RESULTS Ten RCTs comprising 884 patients were included in the study. Although the difference was not statistically significant, MMF showed a trend toward a lower relapse rate compared with AZA (odds ratio [OR] 0.72, 95% credible interval [CrI] 0.45-1.22). Similarly, tacrolimus showed a trend toward a lower relapse rate compared with AZA (OR 0.85, 95% CrI 0.34-2.00). Ranking probability based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) indicated that MMF had the highest probability of being the best treatment based on the relapse rate, followed by CNI and AZA. The incidence of leukopenia in the MMF and CNI groups was significantly lower than that in the AZA group (OR 0.12, 95% CrI 0.04-0.34; OR 0.16, 95% CrI 0.04-0.50; respectively). Fewer patients with infections were observed in the MMF group than in the AZA group, although the difference was not statistically significant. The analysis of withdrawals due to adverse events showed a similar pattern. CONCLUSION Lower relapse rates combined with a more favorable safety profile suggest that CNI and MMF are superior to AZA as maintenance treatments in lupus nephritis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Inchon-ro, 136-705, Seoul, Seongbuk-gu, Korea (Republic of).
| | - Gwan Gyu Song
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Inchon-ro, 136-705, Seoul, Seongbuk-gu, Korea (Republic of)
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Kraner SD, Sompol P, Prateeptrang S, Promkan M, Hongthong S, Thongsopha N, Nelson PT, Norris CM. Development of a monoclonal antibody specific for a calpain-generated ∆48 kDa calcineurin fragment, a marker of distressed astrocytes. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 402:110012. [PMID: 37984591 PMCID: PMC10841921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.110012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcineurin (CN) is a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase. In healthy tissue, CN exists mainly as a full-length (∼60 kDa) highly-regulated protein phosphatase involved in essential cellular functions. However, in diseased or injured tissue, CN is proteolytically converted to a constitutively active fragment that has been causatively-linked to numerous pathophysiologic processes. These calpain-cleaved CN fragments (∆CN) appear at high levels in human brain at early stages of cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). NEW METHOD We developed a monoclonal antibody to ∆CN, using an immunizing peptide corresponding to the C-terminal end of the ∆CN fragment. RESULTS We obtained a mouse monoclonal antibody, designated 26A6, that selectively detects ∆CN in Western analysis of calpain-cleaved recombinant human CN. Using this antibody, we screened both pathological and normal human brain sections provided by the University of Kentucky's Alzheimer's Disease Research Center. 26A6 showed low reactivity towards normal brain tissue, but detected astrocytes both surrounding AD amyloid plaques and throughout AD brain tissue. In brain tissue with infarcts, there was considerable concentration of 26A6-positive astrocytes within/around infarcts, suggesting a link with anoxic/ischemia pathways. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD The results obtained with the new monoclonal are similar to those obtained with a polyclonal we had previously developed. However, the monoclonal is an abundant tool available to the dementia research community. CONCLUSIONS The new monoclonal 26A6 antibody is highly selective for the ∆CN proteolytic fragment and labels a subset of astrocytes, and could be a useful tool for marking insidious brain pathology and identifying novel astrocyte phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pradoldej Sompol
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Siriyagon Prateeptrang
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, USA; School of Allied Health Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Moltira Promkan
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, USA; Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Suthida Hongthong
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, USA; School of Allied Health Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Napasorn Thongsopha
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, USA; School of Allied Health Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Peter T Nelson
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Christopher M Norris
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Zheng H, Li W, Huang G, Zhu H, Wen W, Liu X, Sun L, Ma T, Huang X, Hu Y, Huang Y. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by activating mitophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166989. [PMID: 38101654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2), a novel adipokine that used to be considered an inhibitor of the canonical Wnt pathway, may play a protective role in metabolic disorders. However, its effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy was still unclear. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitophagy can protect cardiac function in the diabetic heart. The present study aimed to explore the roles of SFRP2 on diabetic cardiomyopathy, focusing on the effects and mechanisms for regulating mitophagy. METHODS Wild-type H9c2 cells, Sfrp2 overexpression and knockdown H9c2 cells were exposed to a glucolipotoxic milieu. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell viability, apoptosis, mitophagy and lysosomal activity were detected. The interaction of SFRP2 with frizzled 5 (FZD5), and its effect on expression and intracellular localization of transcription factor EB (TFEB) and β-catenin were also explored. Diabetic rats and Sfrp2 overexpression diabetic rats were constructed to further document the findings from the in vitro study. RESULTS The expression of SFRP2 was low and mitophagy was inhibited in H9c2 cells in a glucolipotoxic milieu. Sfrp2 overexpression activated mitophagy and reduced H9c2 cells injury, whereas Sfrp2 deficiency inhibited mitophagy and worsened this injury. Consistent with the in vitro findings, Sfrp2 overexpression ameliorated the impairment in cardiac function of diabetic rats by activating mitophagy. Sfrp2 overexpression upregulated the expression of calcineurin and TFEB, but did not affect β-catenin in vitro and in vivo. The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus can inhibit mitophagy and worsen cell injury in Sfrp2 overexpression H9c2 cells. Furthermore, we found that FZD5 is required for the SFRP2-induced activation of the calcineurin/TFEB pathway and interacts with SFRP2 in H9c2 cells. Transfection with small interfering RNA targeting FZD5 opposed the effects of Sfrp2 overexpression on mitophagy and cell survival in a glucolipotoxic environment. CONCLUSIONS SFRP2 can protect the diabetic heart by interacting with FZD5 and activating the calcineurin/TFEB pathway to upregulate mitophagy in H9c2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiao Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China
| | - Weiwen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guolin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China
| | - Weixing Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lichang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyi Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China.
| | - Yunzhao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), NO. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong 528308, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China; The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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8
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Hoh JFY. Mechanism of post-tetanic depression of slow muscle fibres. J Comp Physiol B 2024; 194:41-45. [PMID: 38347296 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-024-01536-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
A brief tetanic stimulation has a very different effect on the subsequent isometric twitch force of fast and slow skeletal muscles. Fast muscle responds with an enhanced twitch force which doubles that of the pre-tetanic value, whereas slow muscle depresses the post-tetanic twitch by about 20%. Twitch potentiation of fast muscle has long been known to be due to myosin light chain 2 phosphorylation. It is proposed that post-tetanic twitch depression in slow muscle is due to the dephosphorylation of the slow isoform of the thick filament protein, myosin-binding protein-C, by Ca2+/calmodulin-activated phosphatase calcineurin, whilst its phosphorylation underlies the force enhancement due to β-adrenergic stimulation in slow and fast muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Foon Yoong Hoh
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- , A2 Garnet St, Killara, NSW, 2071, Australia.
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9
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Silva JD, Jupiter DC, Taglialatela G. Reduced Prevalence of Parkinson's Disease in Patients Prescribed Calcineurin Inhibitors. J Parkinsons Dis 2024; 14:533-543. [PMID: 38427501 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Preclinical evidence suggests calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) combat α-synuclein-induced neuronal dysfunction and motor impairments. However, whether CNIs prevent or treat Parkinson's disease (PD) in humans has never been investigated. Objective We seek to ascertain if prescription of CNIs is linked to a decreased prevalence of PD in a varied patient population and to glimpse into the mechanism(s) and target site through which CNIs might decrease PD prevalence. Methods We analyzed electronic health records (EHRs) from patients prescribed the brain penetrant CNI tacrolimus (TAC), the peripherally restricted CNI cyclosporine (CySp), or the non-CNI sirolimus (SIR). For comparison, EHRs from a diverse population from the same network served as a general population-like control. After propensity-score matching, prevalence, odds, and hazards of PD diagnoses among these cohorts were compared. Results Patients prescribed CNIs have decreased odds of PD diagnosis compared to the general population-like control, while patients prescribed SIR do not. Notably, patients prescribed TAC have a decreased prevalence of PD compared to patients prescribed SIR or CySp. Conclusions Our results suggest CNIs, especially those acting within the brain, may prevent PD. The reduced prevalence of PD in patients prescribed TAC, compared to patients prescribed SIR, suggests that mechanisms of calcineurin inhibition- other than immunosuppression, which is common to both drugs- are driving the reduction. Therefore, CNIs may provide a promising therapeutic approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline D Silva
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel C Jupiter
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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10
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Saini G, Parasa MK, Clayton KN, Fraseur JG, Bolton SC, Lin KP, Wereley ST, Kinzer-Ursem TL. Immobilization of azide-functionalized proteins to micro- and nanoparticles directly from cell lysate. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 191:46. [PMID: 38129631 PMCID: PMC10739308 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of proteins and enzymes on solid supports has been utilized in a variety of applications, from improved protein stability on supported catalysts in industrial processes to fabrication of biosensors, biochips, and microdevices. A critical requirement for these applications is facile yet stable covalent conjugation between the immobilized and fully active protein and the solid support to produce stable, highly bio-active conjugates. Here, we report functionalization of solid surfaces (gold nanoparticles and magnetic beads) with bio-active proteins using site-specific and biorthogonal labeling and azide-alkyne cycloaddition, a click chemistry. Specifically, we recombinantly express and selectively label calcium-dependent proteins, calmodulin and calcineurin, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) with N-terminal azide-tags for efficient conjugation to nanoparticles and magnetic beads. We successfully immobilized the proteins on to the solid supports directly from the cell lysate with click chemistry, forgoing the step of purification. This approach is optimized to yield low particle aggregation and high levels of protein activity post-conjugation. The entire process enables streamlined workflows for bioconjugation and highly active conjugated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Saini
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Mrugesh Krishna Parasa
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Katherine N Clayton
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Julia G Fraseur
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Scott C Bolton
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Kevin P Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Steven T Wereley
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Tamara L Kinzer-Ursem
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
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11
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Ke C, Huang Y, Mao Z, Ke Z, Wang Z, Li R, Long S, Guo Y, Wang F, Qian M, Zhao R, Zheng J, Xie S. Calcineurin suppresses rat H9c2 cardiomyocyteprotective autophagy under chronic intermittent hypoxia by downregulating the AMPK pathway. Exp Cell Res 2023; 433:113850. [PMID: 37926341 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin plays a key role in cardiovascular pathogenesis by exerting pro-apoptotic effects in cardiomyocytes. However, whether calcineurin can regulate cardiomyocyte autophagy under conditions of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) remains unclear. Here, we showed that CIH induced calcineurin activity in H9c2 cells, which attenuated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and inhibited autophagy. In H9c2 cells, autophagy levels, LC3 expression, and AMPK phosphorylation were significantly elevated under conditions of CIH within 3 days. However, after 5 days of CIH, these effects were reversed and calcineurin activity and apoptosis were significantly increased. The calcineurin inhibitor 17-Allyl-1,14-dihydroxy-12-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl) -1-methylvinyl]-23,25-dimethoxy-13,19,21,27-tetramethyl-11,28-dioxa-4-azatricyclo- [22.3.1.04,9]octacos-18- ene-2,3,10,16-tetrone (FK506) restored AMPK activation and LC3 expression and attenuated CIH-induced H9c2 cell apoptosis. In contrast, calcineurin overexpression significantly attenuated the increase in LC3 expression and enhanced H9c2 cell apoptosis under conditions of CIH. Calcineurin inhibition failed to induce autophagy or alleviate apoptosis in H9c2 cells expressing a kinase-dead K45R AMPK mutant. Autophagy inhibition abrogated the protective effects of FK506-mediated calcineurin inhibition. These results indicate that calcineurin suppresses adaptive autophagy during CIH by downregulating AMPK activation. Our findings reveal the underlying mechanism of calcineurin and autophagy regulation during H9c2 cell survival under conditions of CIH and may provide a new strategy for preventing CIH-induced cardiomyocyte damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Ke
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yongjun Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenyu Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenghua Ke
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Ruyou Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Shenghua Long
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yuping Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Qian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Ruxia Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Sheng Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China.
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12
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Moon JH, Hong JM, Seol JW, Park BY, Eo SK, Park SY. Melatonin inhibits Japanese encephalitis virus replication and neurotoxicity via calcineurin-autophagy pathways. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:59. [PMID: 37932682 PMCID: PMC10629071 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-023-00832-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that has no specific treatment except for supportive medical care. JEV is a neurotropic virus that affects the nervous system and triggers inflammation in the brain. METHODS Melatonin is used as a sleep-inducing agent in neurophysiology and may serve as a protective agent against neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we investigated the effects of melatonin and the critical roles of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase calcineurin during JEV infection in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. RESULTS Melatonin treatment decreased JEV replication and JEV-mediated neurotoxicity. Calcineurin activity was increased by JEV infection and inhibited by melatonin treatment. Through calcineurin regulation, melatonin decreased the JEV-mediated neuroinflammatory response and attenuated JEV-induced autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Calcineurin inactivation has a protective effect in JEV-infected neuronal cells, and melatonin is a novel resource for the development of anti-JEV agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hong Moon
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Hong
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea
| | - Jae-Won Seol
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea
| | - Byung-Yong Park
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea
| | - Sang-Youel Park
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea.
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Stallings NR, O'Neal MA, Hu J, Shen ZJ, Malter JS. Long-term normalization of calcineurin activity in model mice rescues Pin1 and attenuates Alzheimer's phenotypes without blocking peripheral T cell IL-2 response. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:179. [PMID: 37849016 PMCID: PMC10580561 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01323-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have largely failed to yield significant therapeutic benefits. Novel approaches are desperately needed to help address this immense public health issue. Data suggests that early intervention at the first stages of mild cognitive impairment may have a greater chance for success. The calcineurin (CN)-Pin1 signaling cascade can be selectively targeted with tacrolimus (FK506), a highly specific, FDA-approved CN inhibitor used safely for > 20 years in solid organ transplant recipients. AD prevalence was significantly reduced in solid organ recipients treated with FK506. METHODS Time release pellets were used to deliver constant FK506 dosage to APP/PS1 mice without deleterious manipulation or handling. Immunofluorescence, histology, molecular biology, and behavior were used to evaluate changes in AD pathology. RESULTS FK506 can be safely and consistently delivered into juvenile APP/PS1 mice via time-release pellets to levels roughly seen in transplant patients, leading to the normalization of CN activity and reduction or elimination of AD pathologies including synapse loss, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment. Pin1 activity and function were rescued despite the continuing presence of high levels of transgenic Aβ42. Indicators of neuroinflammation including Iba1 positivity and IL-6 production were also reduced to normal levels. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained during treatment or splenocytes isolated at euthanasia activated normally after mitogens. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose, constant FK506 can normalize CNS CN and Pin1 activity, suppress neuroinflammation, and attenuate AD-associated pathology without blocking peripheral IL-2 responses making repurposed FK506 a viable option for early, therapeutic intervention in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy R Stallings
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Melissa A O'Neal
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zhong-Jian Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - James S Malter
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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14
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Zhang L, Liu HH, Yang F, Zhang ZY, Wu Y, Li F, Dang SP, Zhang ZY, Qian LL, Wang RX. Calcineurin/NFATc3 pathway mediates myocardial fibrosis in diabetes by impairing enhancer of zeste homolog 2 of cardiac fibroblasts. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:474. [PMID: 37735624 PMCID: PMC10512648 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03492-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is associated with myocardial fibrosis, while the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study is to investigate the underlying role of calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cell 3 (CaN/NFATc3) pathway and the Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in diabetes-related myocardial fibrosis. METHODS Streptozotocin (STZ)-injected diabetic rats were randomized to two groups: the controlled glucose (Con) group and the diabetes mellitus (DM) group. Eight weeks later, transthoracic echocardiography was used for cardiac function evaluation, and myocardial fibrosis was visualized by Masson trichrome staining. The primary neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts were cultured with high-glucose medium with or without cyclosporine A or GSK126. The expression of proteins involved in the pathway was examined by western blotting. The nuclear translocation of target proteins was assessed by immunofluorescence. RESULTS The results indicated that high glucose treatment increased the expression of CaN, NFATc3, EZH2 and trimethylates lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) in vitro and in vivo. The inhibition of the CaN/NFATc3 pathway alleviated myocardial fibrosis. Notably, inhibition of CaN can inhibit the nuclear translocation of NFATc3, and the expression of EZH2 and H3K27me3 protein induced by high glucose. Moreover, treatment with GSK126 also ameliorated myocardial fibrosis. CONCLUSION Diabetes can possibly promote myocardial fibrosis by activating of CaN/NFATc3/EZH2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Huan-Huan Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Shi-Peng Dang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Zhen-Ye Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Ling-Ling Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| | - Ru-Xing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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15
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Halici Z, Bulut V, Cadirci E, Yayla M. Investigation of the effects of urotensin II receptors in LPS-induced inflammatory response in HUVEC cell line through calcineurin/NFATc/IL-2 pathway. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:433-440. [PMID: 37913738 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of urotensin II (U-II), a powerful endogenous vasoconstrictor substance, on the immune system and its mediators is very important. It was herein aimed to demonstrate the possible relationship between the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1/interleukin-2 (CaN/NFATc/IL-2) pathway and urotensin receptors (UTRs) in inflammatory response due to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS An LPS-induced inflammation model was used on the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cell line and drugs were applied accordingly, forming the following groups: Control Group, LPS Group, Agonist Group (10-8 M U-II), Antagonist Group (10-6 M palosuran), Tacrolimus (TAC) Group (10 ng/mL FK-506), Agonist + TAC Group, and Antagonist + TAC Group. Gene expression analyses were performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS In the analysis of the cell viability at 48 and 72 h, there was a decrease in the Agonist Group, while in the Agonist + TAC Group, the cell viability increased. In the Antagonist Group, cell viability was maintained when compared to the LPS Group, while in the TAC Group, this effect was reduced. The mRNA expression levels of UTR, CaN, NFATc, IL-2 receptor (IL-2R), IL-6 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were higher in the LPS Group than in the Control Group, and even the UTR, CaN, NFATc, IL-2R were higher with agonist administration. This effect of the agonist was shown to be completely mitigated in the presence of the CaN inhibitor. CONCLUSION U-II and its receptors can perform key functions regarding the endothelial cell damage via the CaN/NFATc/IL-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekai Halici
- Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey; Clinical Research, Development and Design Application and Research Center, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Vedat Bulut
- Department of Immunology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Cadirci
- Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey; Clinical Research, Development and Design Application and Research Center, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Yayla
- Department of Pharmacology, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
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16
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Chawla S, Ahmadpour D, Schneider KL, Kumar N, Fischbach A, Molin M, Nystrom T. Calcineurin stimulation by Cnb1p overproduction mitigates protein aggregation and α-synuclein toxicity in a yeast model of synucleinopathy. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:220. [PMID: 37620860 PMCID: PMC10464345 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01242-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The calcium-responsive phosphatase, calcineurin, senses changes in Ca2+ concentrations in a calmodulin-dependent manner. Here we report that under non-stress conditions, inactivation of calcineurin signaling or deleting the calcineurin-dependent transcription factor CRZ1 triggered the formation of chaperone Hsp100p (Hsp104p)-associated protein aggregates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Furthermore, calcineurin inactivation aggravated α-Synuclein-related cytotoxicity. Conversely, elevated production of the calcineurin activator, Cnb1p, suppressed protein aggregation and cytotoxicity associated with the familial Parkinson's disease-related mutant α-Synuclein A53T in a partly CRZ1-dependent manner. Activation of calcineurin boosted normal localization of both wild type and mutant α-synuclein to the plasma membrane, an intervention previously shown to mitigate α-synuclein toxicity in Parkinson's disease models. The findings demonstrate that calcineurin signaling, and Ca2+ influx to the vacuole, limit protein quality control in non-stressed cells and may have implications for elucidating to which extent aberrant calcineurin signaling contributes to the progression of Parkinson's disease(s) and other synucleinopathies. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Chawla
- Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health - AgeCap, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden.
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Doryaneh Ahmadpour
- Center for Bionics and Pain Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, 431 30, Sweden
| | - Kara L Schneider
- Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health - AgeCap, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden
| | - Navinder Kumar
- Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health - AgeCap, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden
| | - Arthur Fischbach
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Mikael Molin
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Nystrom
- Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health - AgeCap, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden.
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Mondal R, Banerjee C, Nandy S, Roy M, Chakraborty J. Calcineurin inhibition protects against dopamine toxicity and attenuates behavioral decline in a Parkinson's disease model. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:140. [PMID: 37528492 PMCID: PMC10394860 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD), a highly prevalent neuro-motor disorder is caused due to progressive loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons at substantia nigra region of brain. This leads to depleted dopamine (DA) content at striatum, thus affecting the fine tuning of basal ganglia. In patients, this imbalance is manifested by akinesia, catalepsy and tremor. PD associated behavioral dysfunctions are frequently mitigated by l-DOPA (LD) therapy, a precursor for DA synthesis. Due to progressive neurodegeneration, LD eventually loses applicability in PD. Although DA is cytotoxic, it is unclear whether LD therapy can accelerate PD progression or not. LD itself does not lead to neurodegeneration in vivo, but previous reports demonstrate that LD treatment mediated excess DA can potentiate neurotoxicity when PD associated genetic or epigenetic aberrations are involved. So, minimizing DA toxicity during the therapy is an absolute necessity to halt or slowdown PD progression. The two major contributing factors associated with DA toxicity are: degradation by Monoamine oxidase and DAquinone (DAQ) formation. RESULTS Here, we report that apoptotic mitochondrial fragmentation via Calcineurin (CaN)-DRP1 axis is a common downstream event for both these initial cues, inhibiting which can protect cells from DA toxicity comprehensively. No protective effect is observed, in terms of cell survival when only PxIxIT domain of CaN is obstructed, demonstrating the importance to block DRP1-CaN axis specifically. Further, evaluation of the impact of DA exposure on PD progression in a mice model reveal that LD mediated behavioral recovery diminishes with time, mostly because of continued DAergic cell death and dendritic spine loss at striatum. CaN inhibition, alone or in combination with LD, offer long term behavioral protection. This protective effect is mediated specifically by hindering CaN-DRP1 axis, whereas inhibiting interaction between CaN and other substrates, including proteins involved in neuro-inflammation, remained ineffective when LD is co-administered. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we conclude that DA toxicity can be circumvented by CaN inhibition and it can mitigate PD related behavioral aberrations by protecting neuronal architecture at striatum. We propose that CaN inhibitors might extend the therapeutic efficacy of LD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupsha Mondal
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Chayan Banerjee
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sumangal Nandy
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Moumita Roy
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Joy Chakraborty
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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18
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Khodavaisy S, Gharehbolagh SA, Abdorahimi M, Rezaie S, Ahmadikia K, Badali H, Meis JF, Mahmoudi S. In vitro combination of antifungal drugs with tacrolimus (FK506) holds promise against clinical Candida species including Candida auris. Med Mycol 2023:myad069. [PMID: 37437917 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myad069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro interactions between tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor, and fluconazole, itraconazole, caspofungin, or anidulafungin were evaluated against Candida auris, C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. glabrata (each five strains). Tacrolimus-itraconazole, tacrolimus-caspofungin, and tacrolimus-fluconazole combinations resulted in synergistic interactions against 95%, 90%, and 60% of Candida isolates, respectively. Contradictory, tacrolimus-anidulafungin resulted in only a 35% synergistic effect. A combination of tacrolimus and itraconazole was most potent with synergy against 100% of C. auris, C. parapsilosis, and C. glabrata isolates. Of note, no antagonistic interaction was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Khodavaisy
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research center for antibiotic stewardship and antimicrobial resistance, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Aghaei Gharehbolagh
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Abdorahimi
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Rezaie
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kazem Ahmadikia
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Badali
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jacques F Meis
- Center of Expertise in Mycology Radboud University Medical Centre/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM), Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Shahram Mahmoudi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Geng CA, Chen FY, Zheng JB, Liao P, Li TZ, Zhang XM, Chen X, Chen JJ. Rubiginosin B selectively inhibits Treg cell differentiation and enhances anti-tumor immune responses by targeting calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway. Phytomedicine 2023; 116:154898. [PMID: 37247590 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accumulation of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) dampens anti-tumor immune responses and promotes tumor progression. Therefore, the elimination of Tregs has become a strategy to enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy, although it is still a daunting challenge. Rhododendron brachypodum (R. brachypodum) is a perennial shrub mainly distributed in Southwestern China, whereas the chemical constituents in this plant remain elusive. PURPOSE To identify small-molecule inhibitors of Tregs from R. brachypodum. METHODS Meroterpenoids in R. brachypodum were isolated by column chromatography under the guidance of LCMS analyses. The structures of isolates were identified by spectroscopic data and quantum calculations. The activities of compounds were first evaluated on CD4+ T cell differentiation by flow cytometry in Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg polarizing conditions, and then on CT26 and MC38 murine colorectal carcinoma cells-allografted mice models. The mechanism of action was first investigated by determining Foxp3 degradation in Jurkat T cells transfected with pLVX-TetOne-Puro-Foxp3-tGFP, and then through analyses of Foxp3 expression on several pre-transcriptional signaling molecules. RESULTS Two new prenylated phenolic acids (1 and 2) and a chromane meroterpenoid, rubiginosin B (RGB, 3) were obtained from R. brachypodum. The structure of S-anthopogochromene C (1) was rectified according to the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiment, and rhodobrachypodic acid (2) was proposed as the precursor of RGB by photochemical transformation. In this investigation, we first found that RGB (3) selectively suppressed the de novo differentiation of TGFβ-induced CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (iTregs), overcome the immunosuppressive TME, and consequently inhibited the growth of tumor in mouse models. The mechanistic study revealed that RGB could target calcineurin, inhibited the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) dephosphorylation, and down-regulated Foxp3 expression. The hypothetical binding modes of RGB with calcineurin were predicted by molecular docking, and the interactions were mainly hydrophobic effects and hydrogen bonds. CONCLUSION These results suggest that RGB enhances anti-tumor immune responses by inhibiting Treg cell differentiation through calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway, and therefore RGB or its analogs may be used as adjuvant agents meriting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-An Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Feng-Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jing-Bin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Ping Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Tian-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China.
| | - Ji-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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20
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Park K, Sonn SK, Seo S, Kim J, Hur KY, Oh GT, Lee MS. Impaired TFEB activation and mitophagy as a cause of PPP3/ calcineurin inhibitor-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Autophagy 2023; 19:1444-1458. [PMID: 36217215 PMCID: PMC10240995 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2132686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy or mitophagy plays crucial roles in the maintenance of pancreatic β-cell function. PPP3/calcineurin can modulate the activity of TFEB, a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy gene expression, through dephosphorylation. We studied whether PPP3/calcineurin inhibitors can affect the mitophagy of pancreatic β-cells and pancreatic β-cell function employing FK506, an immunosuppressive drug against graft rejection. FK506 suppressed rotenone- or oligomycin+antimycin-A-induced mitophagy measured by Mito-Keima localization in acidic lysosomes or RFP-LC3 puncta colocalized with TOMM20 in INS-1 insulinoma cells. FK506 diminished nuclear translocation of TFEB after treatment with rotenone or oligomycin+antimycin A. Forced TFEB nuclear translocation by a constitutively active TFEB mutant transfection restored impaired mitophagy by FK506, suggesting the role of decreased TFEB nuclear translocation in FK506-mediated mitophagy impairment. Probably due to reduced mitophagy, recovery of mitochondrial potential or quenching of mitochondrial ROS after removal of rotenone or oligomycin+antimycin A was delayed by FK506. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption was reduced by FK506, indicating reduced mitochondrial function by FK506. Likely due to mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin release from INS-1 cells was reduced by FK506 in vitro. FK506 treatment also reduced insulin release and impaired glucose tolerance in vivo, which was associated with decreased mitophagy and mitochondrial COX activity in pancreatic islets. FK506-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and glucose intolerance were ameliorated by an autophagy enhancer activating TFEB. These results suggest that diminished mitophagy and consequent mitochondrial dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells contribute to FK506-induced β-cell dysfunction or glucose intolerance, and autophagy enhancement could be a therapeutic modality against post-transplantation diabetes mellitus caused by PPP3/calcineurin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihyoun Park
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Keun Sonn
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungwoon Seo
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Yeon Hur
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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21
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Kong L, Sun R, Zhou H, Shi Q, Liu Y, Han M, Li W, Qun S, Li W. Trpc6 knockout improves behavioral dysfunction and reduces Aβ production by inhibiting CN-NFAT1 signaling in T2DM mice. Exp Neurol 2023; 363:114350. [PMID: 36791875 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
As the prevalence of diabetes and health awareness increase, type 2 diabetes mellitus -associated cognitive dysfunction is receiving increasing attention. However, the pathogenesis is not entirely understood. Transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6) is highly correlated with intracellular Ca2+ concentrations, and neuronal calcium overload is an important cause of cognitive dysfunction. In the present study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of Trpc6 knockout in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM mice. The body weight and fasting blood glucose were recorded during the experiment. Behavioral dysfunction was detected using the open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), hole-board test (HBT), Morris water maze (MWM) test and contextual fear conditioning (CFC) test. Nissl and H&E staining were used to examine neuronal damage. Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), and immunofluorescence were performed to detect amyloid beta protein (Aβ) deposition and related indicators of neurological impairments in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. The results indicated that Trpc6 knockout inhibited body weight loss and fasting blood glucose increase, improved spontaneous activity, learning and memory dysfunction, and alleviated neuroinflammation and neuronal damage in T2DM mice. The further results demonstrated that Trpc6 knockout decreased Aβ generation and deposition, and reduced the expressions of inflammasome-related proteins in T2DM mice. In addition, Trpc6 knockout inhibited intracellular calcium overload in diabetic mice and primary cultured hippocampal neurons, which in turn suppressed CN and NFAT1 expression. These data suggest that Trpc6 knockout may inhibit the CN-NFAT1 signaling pathway by decreasing intracellular calcium overload in the brain of T2DM mice, which consequently reduce Aβ deposition and neuroinflammation, and ultimately delay the development of T2DM-associated cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ran Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huimsin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qifeng Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Min Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Sen Qun
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Weizu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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22
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Katagiri W, Saito D, Maruyama S, Ike M, Nisiyama H, Hayashi T, Tanuma JI, Kobayashi T. Masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia that was initially misdiagnosed for polymyositis: a case report and review of the literature. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 45:18. [PMID: 37126217 PMCID: PMC10151447 DOI: 10.1186/s40902-023-00386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia (MMTAH) is a relatively newly identified clinical condition that manifests as trismus with a square-shaped mandible. Herein, we report a case of MMATH that was initially misdiagnosed for polymyositis due to trismus and simultaneous lower limb pain, with literature review. CASE PRESENTATION A 30-year-old woman had a history of lower limb pain after exertion for 2 years. Initial physical examination had been performed at the Department of General Medicine in our hospital. There was also redness in the hands and fingers. Although polymyositis was suspected, it was denied. The patient visited our department for right maxillary wisdom tooth extraction. Clinical examination revealed that the patient had a square-shaped mandible. The maximal mouth opening was 22 mm. There was no temporomandibular joint pain at the time of opening. Furthermore, there was awareness of clenching while working. Panoramic radiography revealed developed square mandibular angles with flattened condyles. Computed tomography showed enlarged masseter muscles with high-density areas around the anterior and lateral fascia. Magnetic resonance imaging also showed thickened tendons and aponeuroses on the anterior surface and inside bilateral masseter muscles. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with MMTAH. Bilateral aponeurectomy of the masseter muscles with coronoidectomy and masseter muscle myotomy was performed under general anesthesia. The maximum opening during surgery was 48 mm. Mouth opening training was started on day 3 after surgery. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen showed that the muscle fibers were enlarged to 60 μm. Immunohistochemistry testing for calcineurin, which was associated with muscle hypertrophy due to overload in some case reports, showed positive results. Twelve months after surgery, the mouth self-opening and forced opening were over 35 mm and 44 mm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we report a case of MMATH. Lower limb pain due to prolonged standing at work and overload due to clenching were considered risk factors for symptoms onset of MMATH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Katagiri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Saito
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maruyama
- Oral Pathology Section, Department of Surgical Pathology, Niigata University Hospital, 1-754 Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8520, Japan
| | - Makiko Ike
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-Dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Nisiyama
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-Dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hayashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-Dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Tanuma
- Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Tadaharu Kobayashi
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
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23
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Shrestha J, Santerre M, Allen CN, Arjona SP, Hooper R, Mukerjee R, Kaul M, Shcherbik N, Soboloff J, Sawaya BE. HIV-1 gp120 protein promotes HAND through the calcineurin pathway activation. Mitochondrion 2023; 70:31-40. [PMID: 36925028 PMCID: PMC10484070 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
For over two decades, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was able to help prolong the life expectancy of people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) and eliminate the virus to an undetectable level. However, an increased prevalence of HIV- associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) was observed. These symptoms range from neuronal dysfunction to cell death. Among the markers of neuronal deregulation, we cite the alteration of synaptic plasticity and neuronal communications. Clinically, these dysfunctions led to neurocognitive disorders such as learning alteration and loss of spatial memory, which promote premature brain aging even in HAART-treated patients. In support of these observations, we showed that the gp120 protein deregulates miR-499-5p and its downstream target, the calcineurin (CaN) protein. The gp120 protein also promotes the accumulation of calcium (Ca2+) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside the neurons leading to the activation of CaN and the inhibition of miR-499-5p. gp120 protein also caused mitochondrial fragmentation and changes in shape and size. The use of mimic miR-499 restored mitochondrial functions, appearance, and size. These results demonstrated the additional effect of the gp120 protein on neurons through the miR-499-5p/calcineurin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Shrestha
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab; FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - Maryline Santerre
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab; FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Charles N Allen
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab; FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Sterling P Arjona
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab; FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Robert Hooper
- FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ruma Mukerjee
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab; FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Marcus Kaul
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA; Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, UCR, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Shcherbik
- Department for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, 2 Medical Center Drive, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Jonathan Soboloff
- FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Bassel E Sawaya
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab; FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine - Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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24
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Tsekitsidou E, Wong CJ, Ulengin-Talkish I, Barth AIM, Stearns T, Gingras AC, Wang JT, Cyert MS. Calcineurin associates with centrosomes and regulates cilia length maintenance. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260353. [PMID: 37013443 PMCID: PMC10163345 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin, or protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B), the Ca2+ and calmodulin-activated phosphatase and target of immunosuppressants, has many substrates and functions that remain uncharacterized. By combining rapid proximity-dependent labeling with cell cycle synchronization, we mapped the spatial distribution of calcineurin in different cell cycle stages. While calcineurin-proximal proteins did not vary significantly between interphase and mitosis, calcineurin consistently associated with multiple centrosomal and/or ciliary proteins. These include POC5, which binds centrins in a Ca2+-dependent manner and is a component of the luminal scaffold that stabilizes centrioles. We show that POC5 contains a calcineurin substrate motif (PxIxIT type) that mediates calcineurin binding in vivo and in vitro. Using indirect immunofluorescence and ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we demonstrate that calcineurin colocalizes with POC5 at the centriole, and further show that calcineurin inhibitors alter POC5 distribution within the centriole lumen. Our discovery that calcineurin directly associates with centriolar proteins highlights a role for Ca2+ and calcineurin signaling at these organelles. Calcineurin inhibition promotes elongation of primary cilia without affecting ciliogenesis. Thus, Ca2+ signaling within cilia includes previously unknown functions for calcineurin in maintenance of cilia length, a process that is frequently disrupted in ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cassandra J. Wong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | | | | | - Tim Stearns
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jennifer T. Wang
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Martha S. Cyert
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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25
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Rodrat M, Wongdee K, Chankamngoen W, Teerapornpuntakit J, Thongbunchoo J, Tanramluk D, Charoenphandhu N. Modulation of fibroblast growth factor-23 expression and transepithelial calcium absorption in Caco-2 monolayer by calcium-sensing receptor and calcineurin under calcium hyperabsorptive state. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 659:105-112. [PMID: 37060830 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 and calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) have previously been postulated to be parts of a negative feedback regulation of the intestinal calcium absorption to prevent excessive calcium uptake and its toxicity. However, the underlying mechanism of this feedback regulation remained elusive, especially whether it required transcription of FGF-23. Herein, we induced calcium hyperabsorptive state (CHS) by exposing intestinal epithelium-like Caco-2 monolayer to 30 mM CaCl2 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] after which FGF-23 mRNA levels and transepithelial calcium flux were determined. We found that CHS upregulated FGF-23 transcription, which was reverted by CaSR inhibitors (Calhex-231 and NPS2143) but without effect on CaSR transcription. Although 10 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 was capable of enhancing transepithelial calcium flux, the higher-than-normal calcium inundation as in CHS led to a decrease in calcium flux, consistent with an increase in FGF-23 protein expression. Administration of inhibitors (≤10 μM CN585 and cyclosporin A) of calcineurin, a mediator of CaSR action to control transcription and production of its target proteins, was found to partially prevent FGF-23 protein production and the negative effect of CHS on calcium transport, while having no effect on FGF-23 mRNA expression. Direct exposure to FGF-23, but not FGF-23 + PD173074 (FGFR1/3 inhibitor), also completely abolished the 1,25(OH)2D3-enhanced calcium transport in Caco-2 monolayer. Nevertheless, CHS and CaSR inhibitors had no effect on the mRNA levels of calcineurin (PPP3CB) or its targets (i.e., NFATc1-4). In conclusion, exposure to CHS induced by high apical calcium and 1,25(OH)2D3 triggered a negative feedback mechanism to prevent further calcium uptake. CaSR and its downstream mediator, calcineurin, possibly contributed to the regulatory process, in part by enhancing FGF-23 production to inhibit calcium transport. Our study, therefore, corroborated the physiological significance of CaSR-autocrine FGF-23 axis as a local feedback loop for prevention of excessive calcium uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuree Rodrat
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Center of Research and Development for Biomedical Instrumentation, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kannikar Wongdee
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Wasutorn Chankamngoen
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jarinthorn Teerapornpuntakit
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Jirawan Thongbunchoo
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duangrudee Tanramluk
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Narattaphol Charoenphandhu
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand.
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26
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Lim D, Tapella L, Dematteis G, Talmon M, Genazzani AA. Calcineurin Signalling in Astrocytes: From Pathology to Physiology and Control of Neuronal Functions. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:1077-1090. [PMID: 36083398 PMCID: PMC10030417 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03744-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcineurin (CaN), a Ca2+/calmodulin-activated serine/threonine phosphatase, acts as a Ca2+-sensitive switch regulating cellular functions through protein dephosphorylation and activation of gene transcription. In astrocytes, the principal homeostatic cells in the CNS, over-activation of CaN is known to drive pathological transcriptional remodelling, associated with neuroinflammation in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and brain trauma. Recent reports suggest that, in physiological conditions, the activity of CaN in astrocytes is transcription-independent and is required for maintenance of basal protein synthesis rate and activation of astrocytic Na+/K+ pump thereby contributing to neuronal functions such as neuronal excitability and memory formation. In this contribution we overview the role of Ca2+ and CaN signalling in astroglial pathophysiology focusing on the emerging physiological role of CaN in astrocytes. We propose a model for the context-dependent switch of CaN activity from the post-transcriptional regulation of cell proteostasis in healthy astrocytes to the CaN-dependent transcriptional activation in neuroinflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Via Bovio 6, 28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Laura Tapella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Via Bovio 6, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Dematteis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Via Bovio 6, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Talmon
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Armando A Genazzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Via Bovio 6, 28100, Novara, Italy.
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Ren R, Guo J, Song H, Wei Y, Luo C, Zhang Y, Chen L, Gao B, Fu J, Xiong W. A novel implant surface modification mode of Fe3O4-containing TiO2 nanorods with sinusoidal electromagnetic field for osteoblastogenesis and angiogenesis. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100590. [PMID: 36910272 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Implants made of Ti and its alloys are widely utilized in orthopaedic surgeries. However, insufficient osseointegration of the implants often causes complications such as aseptic loosening. Our previous research discovered that disordered titanium dioxide nanorods (TNrs) had satisfactory antibacterial properties and biocompatibility, but TNrs harmed angiogenic differentiation, which might retarded the osseointegration process of the implants. Magnetic nanomaterials have a certain potential in promoting osseointegration, electromagnetic fields within a specific frequency and intensity range can facilitate angiogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, this study used Fe3O4 to endow magnetism to TNrs and explored the regulation effects of Ti, TNrs, and Fe3O4-TNrs under 1 mT 15 Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field (SEMF) on osteoblastogenesis, osseointegration, angiogenesis, and its mechanism. We discovered that after the addition of SEMF treatment to VR-EPCs cultured on Fe3O4-TNrs, the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway was activated, which then reversed the inhibitory effect of Fe3O4-TNrs on angiogenesis. Besides, Fe3O4-TNrs with SEMF enhanced osteogenic differentiation and osseointegration. Therefore, the implant modification mode of Fe3O4-TNrs with the addition of SEMF could more comprehensively promote osseointegration and provided a new idea for the modification of implants.
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Jabr RI, Salvage SC, Hatch FS, Fry CH. Calcineurin-dependent regulation of gap junction conductance and connexin phosphorylation in guinea pig left atrium. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:583-593. [PMID: 36917272 PMCID: PMC10105670 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02798-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) occurs from disordered atrial action potential conduction and is associated with reduced gap junction electrical conductance (Gj). The Ca2+ and calmodulin-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin, reduces Gj in ventricular myocardium via a protein phosphatase-1 (PP1)-dependent pathway culminating in phosphorylation of serine368 on connexin43 (pSer368-Cx43). However, characterisation of corresponding pathways in left atrial myocardium, which have a more complex connexin subtype profile, is undefined and was the aim of this study. Gj was measured in guinea-pig left atrium from the frequency-dependent variation of intracellular impedance; intracellular [Ca2+], ([Ca2+]i) in low-Na solution was measured by Fura-2 fluorescence. Phosphorylation of guinea-pig Ser368-Cx43 residues was measured by Western blot; Cx40 was immunoprecipitated and probed for serine/threonine residue phosphorylation. Low-Na solution reversibly reduced Gj, in turn attenuated or prevented by calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporin-A or CAIP, respectively. Moreover, Ser368-Cx43 phosphorylation in low-Na solution was also prevented by CAIP. Changes were partially prevented by fostreicin (FST), a protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) inhibitor; but not by tautomycin, a PP1 inhibitor. Serine/threonine residues on Cx40 were also phosphorylated in low-Na solution; prevented by CAIP and attenuated by FST. Reduced Gj with raised [Ca2+]i is paralleled by a changed Cx43/Cx40 phosphorylation status; changes mediated by calcineurin and PP2A-dependent pathways, but not PP1. The pharmacological profile underlying changes to guinea-pig atrial gap junction electrical conductance with raised intracellular [Ca2+]i is fundamentally different from that in ventricular myocardium. This provides a targeted drug model whereby atrial and ventricular myocardium can be selectively targeted to correct conduction defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R I Jabr
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - S C Salvage
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - F S Hatch
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Surrey University, Guildford, UK
| | - C H Fry
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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Li F, Chen H, Lu X. The Role of NFATC4 Gene in Human Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Indian J Dermatol 2023; 68:156-160. [PMID: 37275813 PMCID: PMC10238996 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_837_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 (NFATC4) has been implicated in keratinocyte development and several types of cancer. A well-defined role for NFATC4 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) has not yet been established. In this study, NFATC4 gene function in CSCC development was examined. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to measure the mRNA expression of NFATC4 in CSCC tissues and controls. A431 and Colo16 cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis were measured by CCK-8 assay, transwell invasion, and flow cytometry, respectively, after an NFATC4 expression lentivirus infection. Animal models were applied to validate the function of the NFATC4 gene. (1) CSCC tissues showed a significant decrease in NFATC4 expression compared to controls. (2) Overexpression of NFATc4 suppresses A431 and Colo16 cell proliferation and invasion but promotes cell apoptosis. (3) Mouse models overexpressing NFATC4 showed reduced tumourigenesis. It was suggested that NFATC4 might be a tumour suppressor gene in CSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Li
- From the Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongquan Chen
- From the Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoou Lu
- From the Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong, China
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Masaki T, Habara M, Shibutani S, Hanaki S, Sato Y, Tomiyasu H, Shimada M. Dephosphorylation of the EGFR protein by calcineurin at serine 1046/1047 enhances its stability. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 641:84-92. [PMID: 36525928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is highly expressed or abnormally activated in several types of cancers, such as lung and colorectal cancers. Inhibitors that suppress the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR have been used in the treatment of lung cancer. However, resistance to these inhibitors has become an issue in cancer treatment, and the development of new therapies that inhibit EGFR is desired. We found that calcineurin, a Ca2+/calmodulin-activated serine/threonine phosphatase, is a novel regulator of EGFR. Inhibition of calcineurin by FK506 treatment or calcineurin depletion promoted EGFR degradation in cancer cells. In addition, we found that calcineurin dephosphorylates EGFR at serine (S)1046/1047, which in turn stabilizes EGFR. Furthermore, in human colon cancer cells transplanted into mice, the inhibition of calcineurin by FK506 decreased EGFR expression. These results indicate that calcineurin stabilizes EGFR by dephosphorylating S1046/1047 and promotes tumor growth. These findings suggest that calcineurin may be a new therapeutic target for cancers with high EGFR expression or activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Masaki
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Makoto Habara
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Shusaku Shibutani
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Hanaki
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Haruki Tomiyasu
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Midori Shimada
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan.
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Ulengin-Talkish I, Cyert MS. A cellular atlas of calcineurin signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2023; 1870:119366. [PMID: 36191737 PMCID: PMC9948804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signals are temporally controlled and spatially restricted. Signaling occurs adjacent to sites of Ca2+ entry and/or release, where Ca2+-dependent effectors and their substrates co-localize to form signaling microdomains. Here we review signaling by calcineurin, the Ca2+/calmodulin regulated protein phosphatase and target of immunosuppressant drugs, Cyclosporin A and FK506. Although well known for its activation of the adaptive immune response via NFAT dephosphorylation, systematic mapping of human calcineurin substrates and regulators reveals unexpected roles for this versatile phosphatase throughout the cell. We discuss calcineurin function, with an emphasis on where signaling occurs and mechanisms that target calcineurin and its substrates to signaling microdomains, especially binding of cognate short linear peptide motifs (SLiMs). Calcineurin is ubiquitously expressed and regulates events at the plasma membrane, other intracellular membranes, mitochondria, the nuclear pore complex and centrosomes/cilia. Based on our expanding knowledge of localized CN actions, we describe a cellular atlas of Ca2+/calcineurin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martha S Cyert
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035, United States.
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Pajaziti B, Yosy K, Steinberg OV, Düfer M. FGF-23 protects cell function and viability in murine pancreatic islets challenged by glucolipotoxicity. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:309-22. [PMID: 36437429 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02772-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor FGF-23 is a member of the FGF-15/19 subfamily with hormonal functions. Besides its well-known role for bone mineralization, FGF-23 is discussed as a marker for cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether FGF-23 has any effects on the endocrine pancreas of mice by determining insulin secretion, electrical activity, intracellular Ca2+, and apoptosis. Acute application of FGF-23 (10 to 500 ng/ml, i.e., 0.4 to 20 nM) does not affect insulin release of murine islets, while prolonged exposure leads to a 21% decrease in glucose-stimulated secretion. The present study shows for the first time that FGF-23 (100 or 500 ng/ml) partially protects against impairment of insulin secretion and apoptotic cell death induced by glucolipotoxicity. The reduction of apoptosis by FGF-23 is approximately twofold higher compared to FGF-21 or FGF-15/19. In contrast to FGF-23 and FGF-21, FGF-15/19 is clearly pro-apoptotic under control conditions. The beneficial effect of FGF-23 against glucolipotoxicity involves interactions with the stimulus-secretion cascade of beta-cells. Electrical activity and the rise in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration of islets in response to acute glucose stimulation increase after glucolipotoxic culture (48 h). Co-culture with FGF-23 further elevates the glucose-mediated effects on both parameters. Protection against apoptosis and glucolipotoxic impairment of insulin release by FGF-23 is prevented, when calcineurin is inhibited by tacrolimus or when c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is blocked by SP600125. In conclusion, our data suggest that FGF-23 can activate compensatory mechanisms to maintain beta-cell function and integrity of islets of Langerhans during excessive glucose and lipid supply.
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Rahman A, Li Y, Ismail NI, Chan TK, Li Y, Xu D, Zhou H, Ong SB. The Calcineurin-Drp1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fragmentation Is Aligned with the Differentiation of c-Kit Cardiac Progenitor Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2022; 16:123-134. [PMID: 36581369 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc22141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The heart contains a pool of c-kit+ progenitor cells which is believed to be able to regenerate. The differentiation of these progenitor cells is reliant on different physiological cues. Unraveling the underlying signals to direct differentiation of progenitor cells will be beneficial in controlling progenitor cell fate. In this regard, the role of the mitochondria in mediating cardiac progenitor cell fate remains unclear. Specifically, the association between changes in mitochondrial morphology with the differentiation status of c-kit+ CPCs remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the relationship between mitochondrial morphology and the differentiation status of c-kit+ progenitor cells. Methods and Results c-kit+ CPCs were isolated from 2-month-old male wild-type FVB mice. To activate differentiation, CPCs were incubated in α-minimal essential medium containing 10 nM dexamethasone for up to 7 days. To inhibit Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation, either 10 μM or 50 μM mdivi-1 was administered once at Day 0 and again at Day 2 of differentiation. To inhibit calcineurin, either 1 μM or 5 μM ciclosporin-A (CsA) was administered once at Day 0 and again at Day 2 of differentiation. Dexamethasone-induced differentiation of c-kit+ progenitor cells is aligned with fragmentation of the mitochondria via a calcineurin-Drp1 pathway. Pharmacologically inhibiting mitochondrial fragmentation retains the undifferentiated state of the c-kit+ progenitor cells. Conclusions The findings from this study provide an alternative view of the role of mitochondrial fusion-fission in the differentiation of cardiac progenitor cells and the potential of pharmacologically manipulating the mitochondria to direct progenitor cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attaur Rahman
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics (MEDT), Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Medicine (CCGM), Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, CUHK, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics (MEDT), Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Medicine (CCGM), Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, CUHK, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nur Izzah Ismail
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics (MEDT), Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Medicine (CCGM), Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, CUHK, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Children's Hospital (HKCH), Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence (HK HOPE), Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - To-Kiu Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics (MEDT), Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Medicine (CCGM), Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, CUHK, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dachun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Sang-Bing Ong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics (MEDT), Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Medicine (CCGM), Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, CUHK, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Children's Hospital (HKCH), Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence (HK HOPE), Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong, China.,KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Balik MS, Celiker FB, Tumkaya L, Mercantepe T, Topcu A, Sahin R, Balik G. Comparison of linear versus macrocyclic gadolinium chelates in rat skeletal muscle. North Clin Istanb 2022; 9:632-7. [PMID: 36685623 DOI: 10.14744/nci.2021.45143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects on skeletal muscle of gadolinium based linear and macrocyclic radiocontrast agents applied at experimental intervals using histopathological methods. METHODS Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were included in the study for histopathological analysis. No procedure was performed on the healthy control group. The sham group received 0.1 ml/kg intravenous (IV) saline solution through the tail vein 4 times weekly for 5 weeks. The gadodiamide group received total 2 mmol/kg IV gadodiamide through the tail vein 4 times weekly for 5 weeks. The gadoteric-acid group received 2 mmol/kg IV gadoteric acid through the tail vein 4 times weekly for 5 weeks. RESULTS We determined no marked apoptotic myofibrils associated withcaspase-3 expression in these two groups. Furthermore, no calcineurin expression was observed in myofibrils in the two groups. However, quantitative analyses revealed a decrease in muscle-fiber area in the gadodiamide and gadoteric-acid groups compared to the control group (Respectively; p=0.001 and p=0.017). CONCLUSION In our experimental study, linear and macrocyclic GBCAs applied at repeated doses played no role in myofibril damage induced by caspase-3 and calcineurin - nuclear factor of activated T-cells in skeletal muscle tissue.
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Hagihara H, Shoji H, Kuroiwa M, Graef IA, Crabtree GR, Nishi A, Miyakawa T. Forebrain-specific conditional calcineurin deficiency induces dentate gyrus immaturity and hyper-dopaminergic signaling in mice. Mol Brain 2022; 15:94. [PMID: 36414974 PMCID: PMC9682671 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin (Cn), a phosphatase important for synaptic plasticity and neuronal development, has been implicated in the etiology and pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's disease. Forebrain-specific conditional Cn knockout mice have been known to exhibit multiple behavioral phenotypes related to these disorders. In this study, we investigated whether Cn mutant mice show pseudo-immaturity of the dentate gyrus (iDG) in the hippocampus, which we have proposed as an endophenotype shared by these disorders. Expression of calbindin and GluA1, typical markers for mature DG granule cells (GCs), was decreased and that of doublecortin, calretinin, phospho-CREB, and dopamine D1 receptor (Drd1), markers for immature GC, was increased in Cn mutants. Phosphorylation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) substrates (GluA1, ERK2, DARPP-32, PDE4) was increased and showed higher sensitivity to SKF81297, a Drd1-like agonist, in Cn mutants than in controls. While cAMP/PKA signaling is increased in the iDG of Cn mutants, chronic treatment with rolipram, a selective PDE4 inhibitor that increases intracellular cAMP, ameliorated the iDG phenotype significantly and nesting behavior deficits with nominal significance. Chronic rolipram administration also decreased the phosphorylation of CREB, but not the other four PKA substrates examined, in Cn mutants. These results suggest that Cn deficiency induces pseudo-immaturity of GCs and that cAMP signaling increases to compensate for this maturation abnormality. This study further supports the idea that iDG is an endophenotype shared by certain neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Hagihara
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
| | - Hirotaka Shoji
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
| | - Mahomi Kuroiwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011 Japan
| | - Isabella A. Graef
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Gerald R. Crabtree
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Akinori Nishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
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Turcotte MG, Thakur H, Kapiloff MS, Dodge-Kafka KL. A perinuclear calcium compartment regulates cardiac myocyte hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 172:26-40. [PMID: 35952391 PMCID: PMC9727780 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The pleiotropic Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin is a key regulator of pathological cardiac myocyte hypertrophy. The selective activation of hypertrophic calcineurin signaling under stress conditions has been attributed to compartmentation of Ca2+ signaling in cardiac myocytes. Here, perinuclear signalosomes organized by the scaffold protein muscle A-Kinase Anchoring Protein β (mAKAPβ/AKAP6β) are shown to orchestrate local Ca2+ transients, inducing calcineurin-dependent NFATc nuclear localization and myocyte hypertrophy in response to β-adrenergic receptor activation. Fluorescent biosensors for Ca2+ and calcineurin and protein kinase A (PKA) activity, both diffusely expressed and localized by nesprin-1α to the nuclear envelope, are used to define an autonomous mAKAPβ signaling compartment in adult and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Notably, β-adrenergic-stimulated perinuclear Ca2+ and PKA and CaN activity transients depended upon mAKAPβ expression, while Ca2+ elevation and PKA and CaN activity in the cytosol were mAKAPβ independent. Buffering perinuclear cAMP and Ca2+ prevented calcineurin-dependent NFATc nuclear translocation and myocyte hypertrophy, without affecting cardiac myocyte contractility. Additional findings suggest that the perinuclear Ca2+ transients were mediated by signalosome-associated ryanodine receptors regulated by local PKA phosphorylation. These results demonstrate the existence of a functionally independent Ca2+ signaling compartment in the cardiac myocyte regulating hypertrophy and provide a premise for targeting mAKAPβ signalosomes to prevent selectively cardiac hypertrophy in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moriah Gildart Turcotte
- Calhoun Center for Cardiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Hrishikesh Thakur
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Michael S Kapiloff
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Kimberly L Dodge-Kafka
- Calhoun Center for Cardiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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Eriksson H, Rössler OG, Thiel G. Tyrosine hydroxylase gene promoter activity is upregulated in female catecholaminergic neuroblastoma cells following activation of a Gαq-coupled designer receptor. Neurochem Int 2022; 160:105407. [PMID: 35995267 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme of catecholamine biosynthesis that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine. The tyrosine hydroxylase gene is regulated by extracellular signaling molecules such as epidermal growth factor, nerve growth factor and steroids. Here, we investigated whether the activity of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene promoter is upregulated by activation of G protein-coupled receptors, the largest group of plasma membrane receptors. We used catecholaminergic neuroblastoma cells as a cellular model and chromatin-integrated tyrosine hydroxylase promoter-luciferase reporter genes. The results show that stimulation of Rαq, a Gαq-coupled designer receptor, triggered transcription of a reporter gene driven by the tyrosine hydroxylase promoter. Transcription was attenuated by overexpression of regulator of G-protein signaling-2, which activates the GTPase activity of the G protein α-subunit, and by a truncated, dominant-negative mutant of phospholipase Cβ3. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase was identified as the signal transducer. At the transcriptional level, tyrosine hydroxylase promoter activity was found to be controlled by the transcription factor CREB. Expression experiments with the adenoviral regulator protein E1A, an inhibitor of CBP/p300 histone acetyltransferases, showed that transcription of the reporter gene controlled by the tyrosine hydroxylase is under epigenetic control. We identified the protein phosphatases MAP kinase phosphatase-1 and calcineurin as part of a shutdown device of the signaling cascade linking Rαq designer receptor activation to tyrosine hydroxylase gene transcription. We conclude that tyrosine hydroxylase promoter activity is controlled by Gαq-coupled receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Eriksson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Faculty, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Oliver G Rössler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Faculty, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Gerald Thiel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Faculty, D-66421, Homburg, Germany.
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Rao B H, Vincent PK, Nair P, Koshy AK, Venu RP. The preventive effect of tacrolimus on patients with post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis. Clin Endosc 2022; 55:665-673. [PMID: 35915049 PMCID: PMC9539296 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2021.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims In patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), calcineurin activates zymogen, which results in pancreatitis. In this study, we aimed to determine the efficacy of tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor, in preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP).
Methods This was a prospective pilot study in which patients who underwent ERCP received tacrolimus (4 mg in two divided doses); this was the Tac group. A contemporaneous cohort of patients was included as a control group. All patients were followed-up for PEP. PEP was characterized by worsening abdominal pain with an acute onset, elevated pancreatic enzymes, and a duration of hospital stay of more than 48 hours. Serum tacrolimus levels were measured immediately before the procedure in the Tac group.
Results There were no differences in the baseline characteristics between the Tac group (n=48) and the control group (n=51). Only four out of 48 patients (8.3%) had PEP in the Tac group compared to eight out of 51 patients (15.7%) who had PEP in the control group. The mean trough tacrolimus level in patients who developed PEP was significantly lower (p<0.05).
Conclusions Oral tacrolimus at a cumulative dose of 4 mg safely prevents PEP. Further randomized controlled studies are warranted to establish the role of tacrolimus in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Rao B
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India
| | - Paul K Vincent
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India
| | - Priya Nair
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India
| | - Anoop K Koshy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India
| | - Rama P Venu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India
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Baranowski RW, Braun JL, Vandenboom R, Fajardo VA. Neurogranin inhibits calcineurin in murine soleus muscle: Effects of heterozygous knockdown on muscle adaptations to tenotomy and fatigue resistance. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 623:89-95. [PMID: 35878428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurogranin (Ng) is a calmodulin (CaM) binding protein that negatively regulates calcineurin - a Ca2+/CaM-dependent phosphatase that can mitigate the slow-to-fast fibre type shift observed with muscle unloading. Here, we questioned whether heterozygous deletion of Ng (Ng+/-) would enhance calcineurin activity, thereby minimizing the slow-to-fast fibre type shift caused by muscle unloading. As expected, soleus muscles from young adult (3-4 months old) Ng± mice had lowered Ng content and enhanced calcineurin activity when compared to soleus muscles obtained from male age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. Two weeks after tenotomy surgery, where the soleus and gastrocnemius tendons were severed, soleus total fibre count were found to be similarly reduced across both genotypes. However, significant reductions in myofibre cross-sectional area were only found in WT mice and not Ng± mice. Furthermore, while soleus muscles from both WT and Ng± mice exhibited a slow-to-fast fibre type shift with tenotomy, soleus muscles from Ng± mice, in both sham and tenotomized conditions, had a greater proportion of oxidative fibres (type I and IIA) compared with that of WT mice. Corresponding well with this, we found that soleus muscles from Ng± mice were more fatigue resistant compared with those obtained from their WT counterparts. Collectively, these findings show that heterozygous Ng deletion increases calcineurin activation, preserves myofibre size in response to unloading, and promotes the oxidative fibre type to ultimately enhance fatigue resistance. This study demonstrates the role of Ng in regulating calcineurin in vivo and its influence on skeletal muscle form and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W Baranowski
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Jessica L Braun
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Rene Vandenboom
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
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Huang X, Lin X, Wang L, Xie Y, Que Y, Li S, Hu P, Tong X. Substitution of SERCA2 Cys 674 aggravates cardiac fibrosis by promoting the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts to cardiac myofibroblasts. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 203:115164. [PMID: 35809651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2 (SERCA2) is vital to maintain intracellular calcium homeostasis, and its redox Cys674 (C674) is the key to regulating activity. Our goal was to investigate whether the redox state of SERCA2 C674 is critical for cardiac fibrosis and the mechanisms involved. Heterozygous SERCA2 C674S knock-in (SKI) mice, in which half of C674 was substituted by serine, were used to mimic the partial loss of the reactive C674 thiol in pathological conditions. In cardiac fibroblasts, the substitution of C674 thiol increased Ca2+ levels in cytoplasm and mitochondria, and intracellular ROS levels, and activated calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-lymphocytes (NFAT) pathway, increased the protein expression of profibrotic factors TGF beta 1 (TGF-β1), alpha smooth muscle actin, collagen I and collagen III, and promoted the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts to cardiac myofibroblasts, which could be reversed by calcineurin/NFAT inhibitor, SERCA2 agonist, or ROS scavenger. Activation of SERCA2 or scavenging ROS is beneficial to alleviate cardiac fibrosis caused by the substitution of C674. In conclusion, the partial loss of the reactive C674 thiol in the SERCA2 exacerbates cardiac fibrosis by activating the calcineurin/NFAT/TGF-β1 pathway to promote the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts to cardiac myofibroblasts, which highlights the importance of C674 redox state in maintaining the homeostasis of cardiac fibroblasts. SERCA2 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Langtao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yufei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yumei Que
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Siqi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Pingping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaoyong Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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Abstract
Calcineurin (CaN) is a unique calcium (Ca2+) and calmodulin (CaM)-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase that becomes activated in the presence of increased intracellular Ca2+ level. CaN then functions to dephosphorylate target substrates including various transcription factors, receptors, and channels. Once activated, the CaN signaling pathway participates in the development of multiple organs as well as the onset and progression of various diseases via regulation of different cellular processes. Here, we review current literature regarding the structural and functional properties of CaN, highlighting its crucial role in the development and pathogenesis of immune system disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, kidney disease, cardiomyopathy and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, First Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Blood Transfusion, First Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, First Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
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Lao M, Zhang X, Yang H, Bai X, Liang T. RCAN1-mediated calcineurin inhibition as a target for cancer therapy. Mol Med 2022; 28:69. [PMID: 35717152 PMCID: PMC9206313 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1), as a patent endogenous inhibitor of calcineurin, plays crucial roles in the pathogenesis of cancers. Except for hypopharyngeal and laryngopharynx cancer, high expression of RCAN1 inhibits tumor progression. Molecular antitumor functions of RCAN1 are largely dependent on calcineurin. In this review, we highlight current research on RCAN1 characteristics, and the interaction between RCAN1 and calcineurin. Moreover, the dysregulation of RCAN1 in various cancers is reviewed, and the potential of targeting RCAN1 as a new therapeutic approach is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Lao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanshen Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Watson M, Almeida TB, Ray A, Hanack C, Elston R, Btesh J, McNaughton PA, Stott K. Hidden Multivalency in Phosphatase Recruitment by a Disordered AKAP Scaffold. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167682. [PMID: 35697294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Disordered scaffold proteins provide multivalent landing pads that, via a series of embedded Short Linear Motifs (SLiMs), bring together the components of a complex to orchestrate precise spatial and temporal regulation of cellular processes. One such protein is AKAP5 (previously AKAP79), which contains SLiMs that anchor PKA and Calcineurin, and recruit substrate (the TRPV1 receptor). Calcineurin is anchored to AKAP5 by a well-characterised PxIxIT SLiM. Here we show, using a combination of biochemical and biophysical approaches, that the Calcineurin PxIxIT-binding groove also recognises several hitherto unknown lower-affinity SLiMs in addition to the PxIxIT motif. We demonstrate that the assembly is in reality a complex system with conserved SLiMs spanning a wide affinity range. The capture is analogous to that seen for many DNA-binding proteins that have a weak non-specific affinity for DNA outside the canonical binding site, but different in that it involves (i) two proteins, and (ii) hydrophobic rather than electrostatic interactions. It is also compatible with the requirement for both stable anchoring of the enzyme and responsive downstream signalling. We conclude that the AKAP5 C-terminus is enriched in lower-affinity/mini-SLiMs that, together with the canonical SLiM, maintain a structurally disordered but tightly regulated signalosome.
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Biçer A, López-Henares P, Feu-Llauradó A, Sabariego M, Bayod S, Padilla L, Taco MR, Larriba Bartolomé S, Pérez-Riba M, Serrano-Candelas E. The PxIxIT motif of the RCAN3 Inhibits angiogenesis and tumor progression in Triple Negative Breast Cancer in Immunocompetent Mice. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:808-812. [PMID: 35640493 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RCAN proteins are endogenous regulators of the calcineurin- cytosolic nuclear factor of activated T-cells (CN- NFATc) pathway that bind CN through similar conserved motifs PxIxIT and LxVP of the NFATc family. It has been reported that RCAN1 and RCAN3 protein levels correlate with overall survival of breast cancer patients. We have additionally provided supporting results about RCAN3 role on cancer showing that overexpression of the native PxIxIT sequence of RCAN3-derived R3 peptide (PSVVVH, EGFP-R3178-210) dramatically inhibits tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis in an orthotopic mouse model of Triple Negative breast cancer (TNBC). On the other hand, RCAN3 protein and its derived peptide EGFP-R3 178-210 bind to CN and inhibit NFAT-mediated cytokine gene expression without affecting CN phosphatase activity suggesting that RCAN3 and EGFP-R3 178-210 peptide have tumor suppressor and immunosuppressant activity. Due to the known relationship between tumor development and immune system, as well as the relevance of CN-NFATc in the regulation of the immune system, we decided to study the effect of EGFP-R3 178-210 peptide in a syngeneic TNBC model, in order to ensure that the role of RCAN3 as immunosuppressant do not override its tumor suppressor activity. Our results evidence that EGFP-R3 178-210 peptide displays an inhibitory potential on tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis similar to those obtained in the previous orthotopic TNBC model. These results highlight the importance of the RCAN3 peptide as a tumor suppressor protein and totally complement our previous results, indicating that this antitumor activity role is maintained in the presence of a complete functional immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Biçer
- Genes, Disease and Therapy Program, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Systems Biology Programme. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003 Spain
| | | | - Andrea Feu-Llauradó
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Pathology Department. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES
| | - Miguel Sabariego
- Genes, Disease and Therapy Program, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Systems Biology Programme. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003 Spain
| | - Sergi Bayod
- Health & Biomedicine Department of LEITAT Technological Center, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Hèlix building. Baldiri Reixach 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Padilla
- Health & Biomedicine Department of LEITAT Technological Center, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Hèlix building. Baldiri Reixach 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mª Rosario Taco
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Pathology Department. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES
| | - Sara Larriba Bartolomé
- Genes, Disease and Therapy Program, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mercè Pérez-Riba
- Genes, Disease and Therapy Program, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Eva Serrano-Candelas
- Genes, Disease and Therapy Program, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,ProtoQSAR SL, Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras (CEEI), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, 46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain
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Wong H, Buck JM, Borski C, Pafford JT, Keller BN, Milstead RA, Hanson JL, Stitzel JA, Hoeffer CA. RCAN1 knockout and overexpression recapitulate an ensemble of rest-activity and circadian disruptions characteristic of Down syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, and normative aging. J Neurodev Disord 2022; 14:33. [PMID: 35610565 PMCID: PMC9128232 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-022-09444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) is overexpressed in Down syndrome (DS), but RCAN1 levels are also increased in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and normal aging. AD is highly comorbid among individuals with DS and is characterized in part by progressive neurodegeneration that resembles accelerated aging. Importantly, abnormal RCAN1 levels have been demonstrated to promote memory deficits and pathophysiology that appear symptomatic of DS, AD, and aging. Anomalous diurnal rest-activity patterns and circadian rhythm disruptions are also common in DS, AD, and aging and have been implicated in facilitating age-related cognitive decline and AD progression. However, no prior studies have assessed whether RCAN1 dysregulation may also promote the age-associated alteration of rest-activity profiles and circadian rhythms, which could in turn contribute to neurodegeneration in DS, AD, and aging. METHODS The present study examined the impacts of RCAN1 deficiency and overexpression on the photic entrainment, circadian periodicity, intensity and distribution, diurnal patterning, and circadian rhythmicity of wheel running in young (3-6 months old) and aged (9-14 months old) mice of both sexes. RESULTS We found that daily RCAN1 levels in the hippocampus and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of light-entrained young mice are generally constant and that balanced RCAN1 expression is necessary for normal circadian locomotor activity rhythms. While the light-entrained diurnal period was unaltered, RCAN1-null and RCAN1-overexpressing mice displayed lengthened endogenous (free-running) circadian periods like mouse models of AD and aging. In light-entrained young mice, RCAN1 deficiency and overexpression also recapitulated the general hypoactivity, diurnal rest-wake pattern fragmentation, and attenuated amplitudes of circadian activity rhythms reported in DS, preclinical and clinical AD, healthily aging individuals, and rodent models thereof. Under constant darkness, RCAN1-null and RCAN1-overexpressing mice displayed altered locomotor behavior indicating circadian clock dysfunction. Using the Dp(16)1Yey/+ (Dp16) mouse model for DS, which expresses three copies of Rcan1, we found reduced wheel running activity and rhythmicity in both light-entrained and free-running young Dp16 mice like young RCAN1-overexpressing mice. Critically, these diurnal and circadian deficits were rescued in part or entirely by restoring Rcan1 to two copies in Dp16 mice. We also found that RCAN1 deficiency but not RCAN1 overexpression altered protein levels of the clock gene Bmal1 in the SCN. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, this study's findings suggest that both loss and aberrant gain of RCAN1 precipitate anomalous light-entrained diurnal and circadian activity patterns emblematic of DS, AD, and possibly aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Wong
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Jordan M Buck
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Curtis Borski
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Jessica T Pafford
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Bailey N Keller
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
| | - Ryan A Milstead
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Jessica L Hanson
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Jerry A Stitzel
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Charles A Hoeffer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA.
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
- Linda Crnic Institute, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Zhang N, Liu Y, Shi X, Zhang Y, Li W, Yang Y, Chen L, Yin Y, Tong L, Yang J, Luo J. Microscale thermophoresis and fluorescence polarization assays of calcineurin-peptide interactions. Anal Biochem 2022; 646:114626. [PMID: 35218735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Calcineurin is a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase. It is very important to study the affinity between calcineurin and its substrate or other interacting proteins. Two conserved motifs have been reported on the interactive proteins of calcineurin, namely, the PxIxIT motif and the LxVP motif. Here, we used 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein to fluorescently label the N-terminus of the short peptides derived from the two motifs and then determined the affinity between the protein and polypeptides. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) is very suitable for determining calcineurin with peptides containing the LxVP motif. The Kd values of the binding of calcineurin with NFATc1-YLAVP, NHE1-YLTVP, and A238L-FLCVK peptides were 6.72 ± 0.19 μM, 17.14 ± 0.35 μM, and 15.57 ± 0.10 μM, respectively. The GST pull-down results further confirmed the binding trend of the three peptides to calcineurin. However, fluorescently labeled PxIxIT polypeptides are not suitable for MST due to their own aggregation. We determined the binding affinity of the RCAN1-PSVVVH polypeptide to calcineurin by the fluorescence polarization (FP) method. MST and FP assays are fast and accurate in determining the affinity between protein-peptide interactions. Our research laid the foundation for screening the molecules that affect the binding between calcineurin and its substrates in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology of Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 111016, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Langfang Normal University, Hebei, 065000, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology of Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wenying Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology of Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yumeng Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology of Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology of Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yanxia Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology of Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology of Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 111016, China.
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology of Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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47
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Gao T, Gao C, Liu Z, Wang Y, Jia X, Tian H, Lu Q, Guo L. Inhibition of Noncanonical Ca 2+ Oscillation/ Calcineurin/GSK-3β Pathway Contributes to Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Sigma-1 Receptor Activation. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:264-278. [PMID: 34468932 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Further understanding the mechanism for microglia activation is necessary for developing novel anti-inflammatory strategies. Our previous study found that the activation of sigma-1 receptor can effectively inhibit the neuroinflammation, independent of the canonical mechanisms, such as NF-κB, JNK and ERK inflammatory pathways. Thus, it is reasonable that an un-identified, non-canonical pathway contributes to the activation of microglia. In the present study, we found that a sigma-1 receptor agonist of 2-morpholin-4-ylethyl 1-phenylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate (PRE-084) suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS) elevated nitric oxide (NO) content in BV-2 microglia culture supernatant and LPS-raised mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in BV-2 microglia. Moreover, PRE-084 alleviated LPS-increased Ser 9 de-phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β), LPS-elevated catalytic activity of calcineurin, and LPS-raised percent and frequency of Ca2+ oscillatory BV-2 cells. We further found that the inhibitory effect of PRE-084 was reversed by a calcineurin activator of chlorogenic acid and a GSK-3β activator of pyrvinium. Moreover, an IP3 receptor inhibitor of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate mimicked the anti-inflammatory activity of PRE-084. Thus, we identified a noncanonical pro-neuroinflammary pathway of Ca2+ oscillation/Calcineurin/GSK-3β and the inhibition of this pathway is necessary for the anti-inflammatory activity of sigma-1 receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ce Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoxia Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Agro-Products Processing Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2238 Beijing Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Lin Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China.
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48
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Ho TJ, Chi-Kang Tsai B, Kuo CH, Luk HN, Day CH, Jine-Yuan Hsieh D, Chen RJ, Yao CH, Kumar VB, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Arecoline induces cardiotoxicity by upregulating and activating cardiac hypertrophy-related pathways in Sprague-Dawley rats. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109810. [PMID: 34999050 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Habitual chewing of the areca nut increases the risk of mortality owing to cardiovascular disease, but few reports have revealed the cardiotoxicity mechanism of the areca nut. Arecoline has been reported to be the primary toxic constituent in the areca nut. In order to study the acute cardiotoxicity of the areca nut in the development of pathologic heart hypertrophy, we induced heart injury in rats using arecoline. Arecoline at a low dosage (5 mg/kg/day) or a high dosage (50 mg/kg/day) was intraperitoneally injected to Sprague-Dawley rats for 21 days. The change of heart function and biochemical pathways were investigated with echocardiography and Western blot. The results were presented that heart functions were weakened by arecoline stimulation, and western blotting analysis revealed an elevation in BNP levels in the heart after arecoline exposure. Arecoline induced IL-6-mediated activation of the MEK5/ERK5 and JAK2/STAT3 pathways, as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades. Further, arecoline increased the calcineurin and NFATc3 levels in the heart. In summary, our results suggest that arecoline causes significantly cardiotoxicity and heart damage by inducing several hypertrophy-related signaling pathways, including IL-6-induced MEK5/ERK5, JAK2/STAT3, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and calcineurin signaling pathways. The study elucidated, for the first time, the possible cardiac hypertrophy mechanisms underlying the cardiotoxicity of the areca nut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, HualienTzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine,Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan; School of Post-Baccalaure-ate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | - Hsiang-Ning Luk
- Department of Anesthesia, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - V Bharath Kumar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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49
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Yang Y, Liu Y, Zhu J, Song S, Huang Y, Zhang W, Sun Y, Hao J, Yang X, Gao Q, Ma Z, Zhang J, Gu X. Neuroinflammation-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation involved in postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:134-146. [PMID: 34875338 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation following peripheral surgery is a pivotal pathogenic mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). However, the key site of inflammation-mediated neural damage remains unclear. Impaired mitochondrial function is a vital feature of degenerated neurons. Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a crucial regulator of mitochondrial dynamics, has been shown to play an essential role in synapse formation. Here, we designed experiments to assess whether Drp1-regulated mitochondrial dynamics and function are involved in the pathological processes of POCD and elucidate its relationship with neuroinflammation. Aged mice were subjected to experimental laparotomy under isoflurane anesthesia. Primary neurons and SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF). We found an increase in Drp1 activation as well as mitochondrial fragmentation both in the hippocampus of mice after surgery and primary neurons after TNF exposure. Pretreatment with Mdivi-1, a Drp1 specific inhibitor, reduced this mitochondrial fragmentation. Drp1 knockdown with small interfering RNA blocked TNF-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in SH-SY5Y cells. However, the application of Mdivi-1 exhibited a negative impact on mitochondrial function and neurite growth in primary neurons. Calcineurin activity was increased in primary neurons after TNF exposure and contributed to the Drp1 activation. The calcineurin inhibitor FK506 exhibited a Drp1-independent function that mitigated mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, we found that FK506 pretreatment ameliorated the neurite growth in neurons treated with TNF and the learning ability of mice after surgery. Overall, our research indicated a crucial role of mitochondrial function in the pathological processes of POCD, and neuronal metabolic modulation may represent a novel and important target for POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Jixiang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Shiyu Song
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210093, China
| | - Yulin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Yu'e Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Jing Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Xuli Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210093, China
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China.
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China.
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China.
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50
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Zhao K, Liu Z, Li M, Hu Y, Yang L, Song X, Qin Y. Drafting Penicillium oxalicum calcineurin-CrzA pathway by combining the analysis of phenotype, transcriptome, and endogenous protein-protein interactions. Fungal Genet Biol 2021; 158:103652. [PMID: 34920105 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2021.103652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Fungi sense environmental signals and coordinate growth, development, and metabolism accordingly. Calcium-calmodulin-calcineurin signaling is a conserved cascade pathway in fungi. One of the most important downstream targets of this pathway is the transcription factor Crz1/CrzA, which plays an essential role in various cellular processes. The putative collaborators of Penicillium oxalicum CrzA (PoCrzA) were found, through tandem affinity purification followed by mass spectrometric analysis (TAP-MS). A total of 50 protein-protein interaction collaborators of PoCrzA were observed. Among them, some collaborators, such as the catalytic subunit of calcineurin (Cna1, calcineurin A), the regulatory catalytic subunit of calcineurin (Cnb1, calcineurin B), and a 14-3-3 protein Bmh1, which were previously reported in yeast, were identified. Some putative collaborators, including two karyopherins (exportin Los1 and importin Srp1), two kinases (Fus3 and Slt2p), and a general transcriptional corepressor (Cyc8), were also found. The CrzA deletion mutant ΔPocrzA exhibited slow hyphal growth, impaired conidiogenesis, and reduced extracellular cellulase synthesis. Phenotype and transcriptome analysis showed that PoCrzA regulated fungal development in a Flbs-BrlA-dependent manner and participated in cellulase synthesis by modulating cellulolytic gene expression. On the basis of the results of TAP-MS, transcriptome, and phenotypic analysis in P. oxalicum, our study was the first to draft the calcineurin-CrzA pathway in cellulolytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Zhao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Zhongjiao Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Mengxue Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Yueyan Hu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Ling Yang
- Vocational Education College, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China.
| | - Xin Song
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Yuqi Qin
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China.
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