51
|
Younus M, Hasan MMU, Ahmad K, Sharif A, Asif HM, Aslam MR, Haq IU, Ahmad Z. α-Glucosidase Inhibitory, Anti-Oxidant, and Anti-Hyperglycemic Effects of Euphorbia nivulia-Ham. in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820939429. [PMID: 32684873 PMCID: PMC7343366 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820939429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effects of Euphorbia nivulia (En), native to Cholistan Desert area of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. First, we performed high-performance liquid chromatography analysis and found that this plant contains ferulic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, benzoic acid, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Then, we performed in vitro and in vivo studies to assess its effects on diabetic Wistar rat model. The experiments were performed and compared with control drug glibenclamide. The 70% hydroalcoholic extract of En exhibited 97.8% in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory effect at a dose of 1.0 mg/mL. We orally administered the extract of En and control drug to the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and analyzed its antidiabetic effects. We found that the extract of En with a dose of 500 mg/kg/body weight exhibited significant effect to reduce blood glucose in STZ-induced rats as compared with the control group (P < .001). Our histological data also showed that the extract significantly improved the histopathology of pancreas. Collectively, both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that En possesses α-glucosidase inhibitory, antioxidant, and anti-hyperglycemic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younus
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohtasheem Ul Hasan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Khalil Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Asif
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rahil Aslam
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Zaib M, Sharif A, Akhtar B, Khan HM, Akhtar MF, Hassan W, Razzaq F, Nawaz S, Qaisar N. Berberis lycium Royle. extracts attenuate inflammation and modulates hyperglycemia in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:1805-1813. [PMID: 33612464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Berberis lycium Royle (Berberidaceae) is traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Present study was conducted to determine the antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous and methanolic whole plant extracts. Total phenolic contents were determined by Folin-ciocalteu method whereas antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method. In vitro anti-diabetic activity was determined using alpha amylase assay. Acute hypoglycemic activity was investigated on normoglycemic rats. Sub-acute anti-diabetic effects were investigated in alloxan induced diabetic rats for 14 days. Methanolic extract exhibited 183.5±1 mg/g Gallic acid equivalent (GAE) phenolic contents. The methanolic extract exhibited an IC50 of 242µg/mL and 37.26 mg/mL in antioxidant and alpha amylase inhibitory assays respectively. Administration of methanolic extract in normoglycemic rats exhibited significant anti-hyperglycemic effect at 90 and 120 min. Methanolic extract (500 mg/kg extract) significantly reduced blood glucose at day 14. Methanolic extract (500 mg/kg) significantly reduced the concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6) along with reduction in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in diabetic rats. Administration of methanol extract also improved the hepatic markers. The study suggested that the methanolic extract possessed antidiabetic effect that might be attributed to its alpha amylase, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zaib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Majeed Khan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Ripah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ripah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Razzaq
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Nawaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Qaisar
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Zafar M, Sharif A, Khan D, Akhtar B, Muhammad F, Akhtar MF, Fatima T. Preventive effect of Euphorbia royleana Boiss on diabetes induced by streptozotocin via modulating oxidative stress and deoxyribonucleic acid damage. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1780262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehroz Zafar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
| | - Darosham Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faqir Muhammad
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Tuktum Fatima
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Akhtar B, Muhammad F, Aslam B, Saleemi MK, Sharif A. Biodegradable nanoparticle based transdermal patches for gentamicin delivery: Formulation, characterization and pharmacokinetics in rabbits. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
55
|
Zulfqar F, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Akhtar B, Sharif A, Saleem U. Chemical characterization, antioxidant evaluation, and antidiabetic potential of Pinus gerardiana (Pine nuts) extracts. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13199. [PMID: 32196705 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of pine nuts were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant and inhibition of alpha-amylase activities. Pine nut extracts were orally administered to alloxan monohydrate-induced diabetes in mice at 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg. Both extracts showed a significant antioxidant and inhibition of alpha-amylase activities. Animal studies showed a decline in fasting blood glucose, hyperlipidemia, and weight loss in diabetic mice. The administration of plant extracts decreased the blood glucose level during the oral glucose tolerance test. Histopathological examination showed a decrease in alloxan-induced lesions in the pancreas, liver, and kidney of animals treated with pine nut extracts. Furthermore, pine nut extract ameliorated oxidative stress-induced hepatotoxicity in diabetic mice. The presence of quercetin, gallic acid, vanillic acid, benzoic acid, syringic acid, m-coumaric acid, and other phenolic compounds might be related to hypoglycemic, alpha-amylase inhibitory, antioxidant, and antihyperlipidemic potential of pine nut extracts. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Dry fruits are rich in dietary nutrients, minerals, and phytochemicals that can be used to treat and prevent lifestyle disease. Pine nuts are edible and have economic importance in addition to several traditional uses such as diuretic, antiseptic, expectorant, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antihypertensive, and antineuralgic properties. This study was conducted to investigate the pine nut extracts for their antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials using in vitro methods and animal disease model. The findings of the present study suggest that the extracts of Pine nuts may be helpful in treating hyperglycemia during diabetes and prevent its complications such as hepatic damage, nephrotoxicity, weight loss, and hyperlipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faiqa Zulfqar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad F Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Peerzada S, Khan MT, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Hamid I, Sharif A, Akhtar B, Ali S, Ahmed S, Raza M. Phytochemical, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and cytotoxic basis for the use of Haloxylon stocksii. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:887-894. [PMID: 32863266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A halophytic plant, Haloxylon stocksii, is used to treat various inflammatory disorders traditionally. The present study was carried out to investigate the phytochemical parameters, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and cytotoxic potential of the whole plant extracts of H. stocksii. The plant powder was standardized for pharmacognostic parameters. It was extracted with methanol followed by chloroform, ethyl acetate and water to prepare respective fractions. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extract and fractions were estimated. The anti-inflammatory potential was determined through carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Centrally acting analgesic activity was assessed through the hot plate method. MTT assay was used to assess the viability of Human umbilical and human hepatocyte carcinoma cell lines upon exposure to plant extract/fractions. Chloroform fraction showed the highest phenolic while ethyl acetate exhibited a maximum flavonoids content. The plant ethyl acetate fraction exhibited highest percentage inhibition of paw edema and maximum analgesic activity at 500 mg/kg dose. The plant methanolic extract and fractions showed dose dependent cytotoxic activity. The present study concludes that the extracts of H. stocksii may be effective and safe against acute inflammatory response and pain at therapeutic concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Peerzada
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Hamid
- Cadson College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Moosa Raza
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Ahmadi SM, Farhoosh R, Sharif A, Rezaie M. Structure‐Antioxidant Activity Relationships of Luteolin and Catechin. J Food Sci 2020; 85:298-305. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Ahmadi
- Dept. of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of AgricultureFerdowsi Univ. of Mashhad P.O. Box 91775‐1163 Mashhad Iran
| | - Reza Farhoosh
- Dept. of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of AgricultureFerdowsi Univ. of Mashhad P.O. Box 91775‐1163 Mashhad Iran
| | - Ali Sharif
- Dept. of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of AgricultureFerdowsi Univ. of Mashhad P.O. Box 91775‐1163 Mashhad Iran
| | - Mitra Rezaie
- Department of NutritionFaculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Saleem A, Saleem M, Akhtar MF, Sharif A, Javaid Z, Sohail K. In vitro and in vivo anti-arthritic evaluation of Polystichum braunii to validate its folkloric claim. Pak J Pharm Sci 2019; 32:1167-1173. [PMID: 31303586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are playing an imperative role in the therapy for treating various chronic ailments including arthritis. The present study was focused on finding in-vitro and in-vivo anti-arthritic potential of P. braunii roots. In vitro protein denaturation, membrane stabilization and anti-trypsinase assays were carried out to demonstrate anti-arthritic activity of the extracts. Furthermore, the extracts exerting promising in vitro anti-arthritic potential were tested orally at 150, 300 and 600mg/kg/day against formaldehyde induced arthritis in Wistar rats. The methanolic, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of the plant revealed noteworthy in vitro anti-arthritic activities while mitigating formaldehyde induced paw edema in dose dependent manner. Methanolic and aqueous extracts showed the highest inhibition (p<0.05) of paw edema, arthritic indices, reduced elevated level of platelets and leukocytes while increasing hemoglobin and body weight of arthritic rats. Anti-arthritic activity of the plant extracts may be due to inhibition of protein denaturation and lysosomal membrane stabilization. The plant exhibited good anti-arthritic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan / Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Javaid
- Akson College of Health Sciences, University of Science and technology, Mirpur, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Sohail
- Akson College of Health Sciences, University of Science and technology, Mirpur, AJK, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Saleem M, Mushtaq MF, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Zahid S, Sharif A, Akhtar B, Dar E, Ullah M, Badshah M. VALIDATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE USE OF POLYGONUM PERFOLIATUM EXTRACT AGAINST PARACETAMOL INDUCED TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research 2019. [DOI: 10.32383/appdr/95224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
60
|
Sharif A, Mamon R, Gaunt K, McAndrew N. EP-1630 A Multidisciplinary approach to Palliation - Rapid Access Targeted Personalised Radiotherapy Clinic. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
61
|
Toorani MR, Farhoosh R, Golmakani M, Sharif A. Antioxidant activity and mechanism of action of sesamol in triacylglycerols and fatty acid methyl esters of sesame, olive, and canola oils. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
62
|
Carvello M, Sacchi M, Maroli A, Sharif A, Kotze P, Spinelli A. Redo pouch and re-stapled anastomosis after intra-operative detection of pouch ischaemia by fluorescence angiography - a video vignette. Colorectal Dis 2019; 21:374-375. [PMID: 30624850 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Carvello
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - M Sacchi
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Maroli
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Sharif
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - P Kotze
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Pontifícias Universidade Católica (PUC-PR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - A Spinelli
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Fatima S, Akhtar MF, Ashraf KM, Sharif A, Saleem A, Akhtar B, Peerzada S, Shabbir M, Ali S, Ashraf W. Antioxidant and alpha amylase inhibitory activities of Fumaria officinalis and its antidiabetic potential against alloxan induced diabetes. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2019. [DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2019.65.2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
64
|
Fatima S, Akhtar MF, Ashraf KM, Sharif A, Saleem A, Akhtar B, Peerzada S, Shabbir M, Ali S, Ashraf W. Antioxidant and alpha amylase inhibitory activities of Fumaria officinalis and its antidiabetic potential against alloxan induced diabetes. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2019; 65:50-57. [PMID: 30860471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fumaria officinalis belongs to family papaveraceae and is traditionally used to treat hypertension, hepatitis and diabetes. The current study was conducted to evaluate in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic activity of Fumaria officinalis. Aerial parts of the plant were sequentially extracted with n-hexane, chloroform, methanol and water. Phytochemical analysis was carried out on all extracts. Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition method. In vitro alpha-amylase inhibitory activity was performed on all extracts by using dinitrosalicylic acid. Effect of aqueous and methanolic extracts of F. officinalis on blood glucose was evaluated in normo-glycaemic rats and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Glimepiride 0.2 mg/kg was used as standard therapy in diabetic rats. Results showed that methanolic extract exhibited the maximum percentage inhibition of DPPH (86.30%) and alpha-amylase inhibition (94.01%) at 500 µg/ml and 16 mg/ml concentration respectively. Administration in normo-glycaemic rats did not show any significant decrease in blood glucose level at 500 and 750 mg/kg dosage. Aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited a significant hypoglycaemic effect (p˂0.05) at all doses. A significant increase in the body weight and an improvement in liver and kidney function tests of diabetic rats were observed. These extracts also reduced the damage to the cells of glomeruli, interstitial inflammation, necrosis of tubular cells and thrombosis in the kidney, the enlargement of sinusoids and steatosis in the liver of diabetic rats. This study concludes that F. officinalis may have antidiabetic potential possibly due to its antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sohaib Peerzada
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Shabbir
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Ashraf
- Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Baehr W, Hanke-Gogokhia C, Sharif A, Reed M, Dahl T, Frederick JM, Ying G. Insights into photoreceptor ciliogenesis revealed by animal models. Prog Retin Eye Res 2018; 71:26-56. [PMID: 30590118 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photoreceptors are polarized neurons, with very specific subcellular compartmentalization and unique requirements for protein expression and trafficking. Each photoreceptor contains an outer segment, the site of photon capture that initiates vision, an inner segment that houses the biosynthetic machinery and a synaptic terminal for signal transmission to downstream neurons. Outer segments and inner segments are connected by a connecting cilium (CC), the equivalent of a transition zone (TZ) of primary cilia. The connecting cilium is part of the basal body/axoneme backbone that stabilizes the outer segment. This report will update the reader on late developments in photoreceptor ciliogenesis and transition zone formation, specifically in mouse photoreceptors, focusing on early events in photoreceptor ciliogenesis. The connecting cilium, an elongated and narrow structure through which all outer segment proteins and membrane components must traffic, functions as a gate that controls access to the outer segment. Here we will review genes and their protein products essential for basal body maturation and for CC/TZ genesis, sorted by phenotype. Emphasis is given to naturally occurring mouse mutants and gene knockouts that interfere with CC/TZ formation and ciliogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Baehr
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
| | - Christin Hanke-Gogokhia
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Michelle Reed
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Tiffanie Dahl
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Jeanne M Frederick
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Guoxin Ying
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Abbas A, Hassan SSU, Sharif A, Ahmed S. Evaluation of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of solvent extracts of Tricholepis chaetolepis (Boiss) Rech. f. whole plant. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:575-579. [PMID: 30317870 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1490905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The whole plant, Tricholepis chaetolepis, powder was investigated using proximate and fluorescence analysis along with determining the extractive values. Total phenolics, flavonoids and total protein contents of n-hexane, chloroform and methanolic extracts of the whole plant were also determined. The anti-diabetic activity of all the three extracts of the plant was determined by in vitro alpha-amylase inhibition assay. The anti-oxidant potential was evaluated using Phosophomolybdenum and DPPH methods. The anti-inflammatory potential of all extracts were determined by carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model. The evaluation of the plant extracts exhibited the anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities in dose dependent fashion. The research concludes that Tricholepis chaetolepis extracts contain phenol, flavonoids, and tannins that show observable anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic potential. It is also concluded that the methanol extract of the plant showed the maximum effect against inflammation induced by carrageenan in rat paw oedema as compared with n-hexane and chloroform extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abbas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Ali Sharif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Alavi Rafiee S, Farhoosh R, Sharif A. Antioxidant Activity of Gallic Acid as Affected by an Extra Carboxyl Group than Pyrogallol in Various Oxidative Environments. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Alavi Rafiee
- Faculty of Agriculture; Department of Food Science and Technology; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; P.O. Box 91775-1163 Mashhad Iran
| | - Reza Farhoosh
- Faculty of Agriculture; Department of Food Science and Technology; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; P.O. Box 91775-1163 Mashhad Iran
| | - Ali Sharif
- Faculty of Agriculture; Department of Food Science and Technology; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; P.O. Box 91775-1163 Mashhad Iran
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Karim F, Najam K, Sharif A, Shakir L, Ajmal S, Anwar A, Hussain A, Khalid H, Tufail MB, Zaidi AA. The therapeutic effectiveness of sitagliptin with niacin and chromium picolinate on glycosylated hemoglobin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Biomed Res Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.15419/bmrat.v5i8.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of niacin (B3) on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), alone and as adjunct therapy, with chromium picolinate (CrPlt) and sitagliptin. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of niacin and chromium picolinate supplementation with sitagliptin in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 600 patients suffering from T2DM from four different hospitals in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan; patients were divided into three groups (n=200 per group). Group A was given sitagliptin (100 mg), Group B received niacin (14 mg/d) along with sitagliptin, and Group C received chromium picolinate (200 mcg/d) and niacin (14 mg/d) along with sitagliptin, for a duration of 6 months. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the efficacy of all treatment groups, and statistical significance was set at p≤0.05.
Results: The data indicated that all defined therapies have a significant influence with respect to fasting blood sugar (FBS) (p<0.0001), random blood sugar (RBS) (p<0.0001) and glycosylated hemoglobin (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that low doses of niacin and chromium picolinate supplementation with sitagliptin helps in maintaining glycemic control in patients with T2DM, and provides the best treatment option among those considered.
Collapse
|
69
|
Arshad I, Ali S, Amin U, Shabbir M, Raza M, Sharif A, Akhtar MF. Effect of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymer on the release of ketoprofen and allopurinol from bilayer matrix transdermal patch. Adv Polym Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.22078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iram Arshad
- Faculty of Pharmacy; The University of Lahore; Lahore Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics; Philipps University; Marburg Germany
| | - Umair Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics; Philipps University; Marburg Germany
| | - Maryam Shabbir
- Faculty of Pharmacy; The University of Lahore; Lahore Pakistan
| | - Moosa Raza
- Faculty of Pharmacy; The University of Lahore; Lahore Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Faculty of Pharmacy; The University of Lahore; Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Government College University Faisalabad; Faisalabad Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Ahmed F, Ahmed J, Ahmed H, Hassan S, Iqbal J, Sharif A. Advances in Research Progress of H. pylori. JPRI 2018. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2018/39597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
71
|
Akhtar MF, Ashraf M, Javeed A, Anjum AA, Sharif A, Saleem M, Mustafa G, Ashraf M, Saleem A, Akhtar B. Association of textile industry effluent with mutagenicity and its toxic health implications upon acute and sub-chronic exposure. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:179. [PMID: 29492685 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Complex industrial discharges pose certain risks to the ecosystem. This study was aimed at identifying acute and sub-chronic toxicological effects of the textile industry wastewater. The textile wastewater was evaluated for the metals and organic pollutants by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and GC-MS respectively. In vitro genotoxicity and mutagenicity were assessed by Comet assay in peripheral lymphocytes isolated from Ovis aries and Ames test in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA-100 and 102 respectively. Physiological and behavioral changes along with systemic toxicity were determined in Rattus norvegicus albinus following acute and sub-chronic exposure. High amount of heavy metals such as Cr, Pb, Hg, As, and Cd were detected in textile wastewater. Organic pollutants such as 25-deacetoxy cucurbitacin-b, E-14-Hexadecenal, 11-Tricosene, and phthalates were also found. In vitro genotoxicity assessment in lymphocytes showed statistically significant DNA damaging potential of textile wastewater. Textile wastewater also showed significantly higher (p˂ 0.05) mutagenic potential in Salmonella TA-100 and TA-102 strains than sodium azide and 2-amino anthracycline. Acute exposure of textile wastewater to Rattus norvegicus was associated with several physiological changes and behavioral symptoms. Sub-chronic exposure of textile wastewater in Rattus norvegicus instigated the degeneration and necrosis of epithelial cells in renal tubules, hydropic degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, peri-bronchiolar infiltration and emphysema of the alveoli, and the degradation of myocardial cells. This study concludes that the textile wastewater may cause genotoxicity and mutagenicity, result in physiological and behavioral changes upon acute exposure, and inflict various pathological lesions upon sub-chronic exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Javeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad Anjum
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Moneeb Ashraf
- Post Graduate Medical Institute, Jail Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Shabbir M, Sajid A, Hamid I, Sharif A, Akhtar MF, Raza M, Ahmed S, Peerzada S, Amin MU. Influence of different formulation variables on the performance of transdermal drug delivery system containing tizanidine hydrochloride: in vitro and ex vivo evaluations. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902018000400130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Irfan Hamid
- The University of Lahore, Pakistan; Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Hanke-Gogokhia C, Wu Z, Sharif A, Yazigi H, Frederick JM, Baehr W. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Arf-like protein 13b is essential for assembly of the mouse photoreceptor transition zone and outer segment. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:21442-21456. [PMID: 29089384 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Arf-like protein 13b (ARL13b) is a small GTPase that functions as a guanosine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for ARL3-GDP. ARL13b is located exclusively in photoreceptor outer segments (OS) presumably anchored to discs by palmitoylation, whereas ARL3 is an inner segment cytoplasmic protein. Hypomorphic mutations affecting the ARL13b G-domain inactivate GEF activity and lead to Joubert syndrome (JS) in humans. However, the molecular mechanisms in ARL13b mutation-induced Joubert syndrome, particularly the function of primary cilia, are still incompletely understood. Because Arl13b germline knockouts in mouse are lethal, we generated retina-specific deletions of ARL13b in which ARL3-GTP formation is impaired. In mouse retArl13b-/- central retina at postnatal day 6 (P6) and older, outer segments were absent, thereby preventing trafficking of outer segment proteins to their destination. Ultrastructure of postnatal day 10 (P10) central retArl13b-/- photoreceptors revealed docking of basal bodies to cell membranes, but mature transition zones and disc structures were absent. Deletion of ARL13b in adult mice via tamoxifen-induced Cre/loxP recombination indicated that axonemes gradually shorten and outer segments progressively degenerate. IFT88, essential for anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT), was significantly reduced at tamArl13b-/- basal bodies, suggesting impairment of intraflagellar transport. AAV2/8 vector-mediated ARL13b expression in the retArl13b-/- retina rescued ciliogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christin Hanke-Gogokhia
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - Zhijian Wu
- NEI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Ali Sharif
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - Hussein Yazigi
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - Jeanne M Frederick
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - Wolfgang Baehr
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, .,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, and.,Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Nosratpour
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and TechnologyFerdowsi University of MashhadP.O. Box: 91775‐1163MashhadIran
| | - Reza Farhoosh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and TechnologyFerdowsi University of MashhadP.O. Box: 91775‐1163MashhadIran
| | - Ali Sharif
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and TechnologyFerdowsi University of MashhadP.O. Box: 91775‐1163MashhadIran
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Akhtar MF, Sharif A, Saleem M, Saleem A, Akhtar B, Raza M, Ijaz H, Shabbir M, Ali S, Sharif A, Nasim MB, Peerzada S. Genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of Alternanthera Bettzickiana, an important ethno-medicinal plant. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2017; 63:109-114. [DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.8.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
76
|
Johal S, Jackson-Spence F, Gillott H, Tahir S, Mytton J, Evison F, Stephenson B, Nath J, Sharif A. Pre-existing diabetes is a risk factor for increased rates of cellular rejection after kidney transplantation: an observational cohort study. Diabet Med 2017; 34:1067-1073. [PMID: 28510327 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether people with diabetes have an elevated risk of kidney allograft rejection in a well characterized clinical cohort in the setting of contemporary immunosuppression. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all kidney allograft recipients at a single centre between 2007 and 2015, linking clinical, biochemical and histopathological data from electronic patient records. RESULTS Data were analysed for 1140 kidney transplant recipients. The median follow-up was 4.4 years post-transplantation, and 117 of the kidney transplant recipients (10.2%) had diabetes at time of transplantation. Kidney allograft recipients with vs without diabetes were older (53 vs 45 years; P<0.001) and more likely to be non-white (41.0% vs 26.4%; P=0.001). Kidney allograft recipients with vs without diabetes had a higher risk of cellular rejection (19.7% vs 12.4%; P=0.024), but not of antibody-mediated rejection (3.4% vs 3.7%; P=0.564). Graft function and risk of death-censored graft loss were similar in the two groups, but kidney allograft recipients with diabetes had a higher risk of death and overall graft loss than those without diabetes. In a Cox regression model of non-modifiable risk factors at time of transplantation, diabetes was found to be an independent risk factor for cellular rejection (hazard ratio 1.445, 95% CI 1.023-1.945; P=0.042). CONCLUSIONS Kidney allograft recipients with diabetes at transplantation should be counselled regarding their increased risk of cellular rejection but reassured regarding the lack of any adverse impact on short-to-medium term allograft function or survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Johal
- School of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - H Gillott
- School of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Tahir
- School of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Mytton
- Department of Health Informatics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - F Evison
- Department of Health Informatics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - B Stephenson
- Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Nath
- School of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Sharif
- School of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Chakkera HA, Sharif A, Kaplan B. Negative Cardiovascular Consequences of Small Molecule Immunosuppressants. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 102:269-276. [PMID: 28512771 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunosuppressants are critical after transplantation and prescribed as immune-modulators for autoimmune disorders and glomerulonephritides. Immunosuppressants include large (e.g., thymoglobulin, alemtuzumab, and rituximab) and small molecules (e.g., corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, antimetabolites, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors). The majority of the small molecules worsen traditional cardiovascular risks. This review describes cardiovascular risks of small molecule immunosuppressants: corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus and cyclosporine), and mTOR inhibitors (rapamycin), by categorizing these risks into two categories: ischemic heart disease and nonischemic cardiac effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H A Chakkera
- Division of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - A Sharif
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - B Kaplan
- Division of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Zaidi AA, Khan MA, Sharif A, Shakir L, Irshad A, Ali A, Shaheryar ZA. Comparative study of sperm motility in Metformin-using and Insulin-dependent diabetics. Biomed Res Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.15419/bmrat.v4i06.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents one of the greatest threats to modern global health. DM may affect male reproductive function at multiple levels as a result of its effects on spermatogenesis, sperm motility, sperm morphology, and change in sperm structure.
Methods: The present study deals with sperm motility and sperm morphological changes associated with diabetes in the male population. In this study, 50 insulin-dependent and 50 metformin users were selected, with ages of males ranging from 26-54 years and duration of diabetes distributed over 3-15 years. Both insulin-dependent and metformin-using diabetic subjects were evaluated for sperm analysis.
Results: Sperm analysis data showed a significant increase (p ±0.0005) in total sperm count in insulin-dependent diabetic men. However, sperm motility was found to be about 10-15% less in insulin-dependent patients compared to metformin users. Moreover, sperm morphology was improved in 6% of metformin users compared to insulin-dependent diabetics.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that metformin does not significantly affect sperm count. However, it does significantly affect sperm motility, when compared to insulin-dependent diabetic men. This study established an important relationship between diabetes and sperm motility, which reflects the reproductive capabilities of men.
Collapse
|
79
|
Affiliation(s)
- A Sharif
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Sharif A, Akhtar MF, Akhtar B, Saleem A, Manan M, Shabbir M, Ashraf M, Peerzada S, Ahmed S, Raza M. Genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of whole plant extracts of Kalanchoe laciniata by Ames and MTT assay. EXCLI J 2017; 16:593-601. [PMID: 28694760 PMCID: PMC5491922 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lack of data on safety of herbal medicines have endangered human health and life. The present study evaluated the genotoxic and mutagenic effect of Kalanchoe laciniata to access the safety and usefulness of the medicinal plant. Aqua-methanolic and n-hexane extracts of K. laciniata were evaluated for the genotoxic potential using Ames assay and cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay. Ames assay was conducted using two strains of Salmonella typhimurium TA-100 and TA-102 whereas MTT assay was performed on baby hamster kidney cell line BHK-21. Aqua-methanolic extract of K.laciniata exhibited significant mutagenicity when exposed to TA-102 strain with a mutagenic index of 50.66 and 54.74 at maximum dose 150 mg/plate. The extract was also mutagenic to TA-100 strain but to a lesser extent. M.I of n-hexane extract was 12.15 and 15.51 for TA-100 and TA-102 respectively. n-hexane extract was mutagenic but little difference was observed between results of two strains. Both extracts were found to be cytotoxic with an IC50 of 321.9 and 638.5 µg/mL for aqua-methanolic and n-hexane extracts respectively. On the basis of results it was concluded that aqua-methanolic and n-hexane extracts of K.laciniata possess mutagenic and cytotoxic potential. It is suggested to explore the plant further to evaluate its safety in rodents and other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sharif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Manan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Shabbir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muneeb Ashraf
- Postgraduate Medical Institute, Jail Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sohaib Peerzada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Moosa Raza
- Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Sharif A, Patel A, Hughes M, Johnson R, Gadani S, Moreno I, Mikhayel M, Dang B, Moiyadi A, Vaheesan K. Migration rate of percutaneous pulmonary fiducial markers. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
82
|
Jackson-Spence F, Gillott H, Tahir S, Nath J, Mytton J, Evison F, Sharif A. Balancing risks for older kidney transplant recipients in the contemporary era: A single-centre observational study. Eur Geriatr Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
83
|
Alvi S, Javeed A, Akhtar B, Sharif A, Akhtar MF. Probiotics for cure of Helicobacter pylori infection: A review. International Journal of Food Properties 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1233432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Alvi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Javeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
Akhtar B, Muhammad F, Sharif A, Akhtar MF, Majeed W. Diverse Signaling Pathways and Current Status of Molecular Targeted Treatments for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2017; 27:373-385. [DOI: 10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2017021006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
85
|
Ahmed S, Ssaeed-Ul-Hassan S, Islam M, Qureshi F, Waheed I, Munawar I, Ishtiaq S, Rasool S, Akhtar MF, Chishti SA, Shabbir M, Raza M, Amir K, Sharif A. ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PISTACIA KHINJUK SUPPORTED BY PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION. Acta Pol Pharm 2017; 74:173-178. [PMID: 29474773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pistacia khinjuk is one of the fifteen known species of Pistacia belonging to Anacardiaceae family. Keeping in view the possible therapeutic utility of this genus and the lack of literature on this plant, this study involves phytochemical investigation of P. khinjuk and its antioxidant activity. The phytochemical investigation was conducted on crude methanolic extract and its fractions namely, n-hexane, chloroform, n-butanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous. Total phenolic contents and flavonoids were also determined by phosphomolybdenum and ferric thiocyanate method in crude extract and its fractions. The results of phytochemical investigation indicated the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins and sterols in the crude extract of P. khinjuk. Crude extract and its fractions exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity. This study showed that the crude extract and its fractions have potent antioxidant activity, among all ethyl acetate showed 1.109 ± 0.029 the highest activity. This research concluded that crude extract of P. khinjuk and its fractions contained phenolic and flavonoid compounds that show significant antioxidant activity.
Collapse
|
86
|
Shabbir M, Ali S, Raza M, Sharif A, Akhtar FM, Manan A, Fazli AR, Younas N, Manzoor I. EFFECT OF HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC POLYMER ON IN VITRO DISSOLUTION AND PERMEATION OF BISOPROLOL FUMARATE THROUGH TRANSDERMAL PATCH. Acta Pol Pharm 2017; 74:187-197. [PMID: 29474775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A matrix transdermal patch of bisoprolol fumarate was formulated with different concentrations of Eudragit RS 100 and Methocel E5 with PEG 400 as plasticizer by solvent evaporation technique. Tween 80 was added to the optimized patch to evaluate the effect of permeation enhancer at different concentration through the excised rabbit's skin. The patches were analyzed for weight variation, drug content, swelling index, erosion studies, moisture content, moisture uptake, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) and water vapor permeability (WVP). In vitro dissolution test was carried out in USP dissolution apparatus V to select the optimized formulation. In vitr skin permeation studies were done in Franz diffusion cell using rabbit skin as a model membrane. The cumulative drug release and flux were determined to compare the result of test patches with a control patch. The greatest enhancement ratio (ER) was obtained in F03-PE with 30% Tween 80. F03-PE seemed to follow zero order kinetics with super case II mechanism of drug release. Statistical ANOVA suggested that there was a significant difference in formulations, steady flux and cumulative permeation rate at different Tween 80 concentrations.
Collapse
|
87
|
Sharif A, Ashraf M, Javeed A, Anjum AA, Akhtar MF, Akhtar B, Saleem A. Oxidative stress responses in Wistar rats on subacute exposure to pharmaceutical wastewater. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:24158-24165. [PMID: 27646443 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7717-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution has been a major concern for agrarian societies like Pakistan. Pharmaceutical industries are amongst the foremost contributor to industrial waste. Present study addresses the generation of oxidative stress caused by 2 months exposure to pharmaceutical wastewater in rats and their response to oral treatment with vitamin E, a potent antioxidant. The rats were randomized into five groups (n = 5) named as negative control, pharmaceutical wastewater (PEW) 100 %, PEW 10 %, PEW 1 %, and PEW 100 % + vitamin E. Oxidative damage in rats was evaluated by estimation of the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the liver, kidney, and blood/plasma. Exposure to pharmaceutical wastewater significantly decreased the activities of T-SOD and CAT and concentration of H2O2 in the liver and kidney and blood/plasma. Exposure to 100 % pharmaceutical wastewater exhibited a maximum decline in T-SOD activity, and activity was reduced to only 63.57 U/mL, 32.65, and 43.57 U/mg of protein in the plasma, kidney, and liver, respectively. Exposure to wastewater minimized activity CAT to 89.25 U/g of hemoglobin, 54.36, and 62.95 U/mg of protein in the blood, kidney, and liver, respectively. Treatment with vitamin E significantly increased the activity of T-SOD and CAT. However, increase in concentration of H2O2 was also observed in vitamin E exposed rats. Histopathology of the kidney revealed coagulative necrosis of renal epithelial cells and peritubular congestion. Endocardium showed infiltration of inflammatory cells and cellular breakdown in some areas. Lung sections exhibited atelectasis and emphysema of alveoli suggesting decline in lung function. The anatomy of the liver was also compromised due to severe degeneration and cellular swelling. The present study concluded that pharmaceutical wastewater induced severe oxidative stress in Wistar rats and ensued in histopathological lesions in several vital organs suggesting its high toxicity. Non-enzymatic antioxidant vitamin E may ameliorate oxidative stress induced by pharmaceutical wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Javeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmed Anjum
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Mehmood A, Hamid I, Sharif A, Akhtar MF, Aljtar B, Saleem A, Iqbal J, Shabbir M, Ali S. EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC AND ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITIES OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF SEEDS OF BUCHANANIA LANZAN SPRENG. IN ANIMAL MODELS. Acta Pol Pharm 2016; 73:1601-1608. [PMID: 29634115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of seeds of Buchanania lanzan Spreng. Albino mice were used as experimental animals to evaluate these activities. The study was performed in three phases; Phase-I for evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity, Phase-II for antipyretic and Phase-HI for analgesic activities were evaluated. Carrageenan induced paw edema, brewer yeast induced pyrexia and acetic acid induced writhing methods were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities, respectively. Tests were performed by dividing the animals in five groups. First group was negative control, second group was positive control, third, fourth and fifth groups were treated with 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of extracts. respectively. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA where p < 0.05 were considered significant. The results suggested that seeds of Buchanania lanzan Spreng. possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity.
Collapse
|
89
|
Trey T, Sharif A, Schwarz A, Fiatarone Singh M, Lavee J. Transplant Medicine in China: Need for Transparency and International Scrutiny Remains. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:3115-3120. [PMID: 27532896 PMCID: PMC5096240 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous publications have described unethical organ procurement procedures in the People's Republic of China. International awareness and condemnation contributed to the announcement abolishing the procurement of organs from executed prisoners starting from January 2015. Eighteen months after the announcement, and aligned with the upcoming International Congress of the Transplantation Society in Hong Kong, this paper revisits the topic and discusses whether the declared reform has indeed been implemented. China has neither addressed nor included in the reform a pledge to end the procurement of organs from prisoners of conscience, nor has the government initiated any legislative amendments. Recent reports have discussed an implausible discrepancy of officially reported steady annual transplant numbers and a steep expansion of the transplant infrastructure in China. This paper expresses the viewpoint that, in the current context, it is not possible to verify the veracity of the announced changes, and it thus remains premature to include China as an ethical partner in the international transplant community. Until we have independent and objective evidence of a complete cessation of unethical organ procurement from prisoners, the medical community has a professional responsibility to maintain the academic embargo on Chinese transplant professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T. Trey
- Doctors Against Forced Organ HarvestingWashingtonDC
| | - A. Sharif
- Doctors Against Forced Organ HarvestingWashingtonDC,Department of Nephrology and TransplantationQueen Elizabeth HospitalBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - A. Schwarz
- Independent China researcherMunichGermany
| | - M. Fiatarone Singh
- Doctors Against Forced Organ HarvestingWashingtonDC,Exercise, Health and PerformanceFaculty of Health Sciences and Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - J. Lavee
- Doctors Against Forced Organ HarvestingWashingtonDC,Heart Transplantation UnitDepartment of Cardiac SurgerySheba Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Mahdavianmehr H, Farhoosh R, Sharif A. Thermal Antioxidative Kinetics of Hydroxytyrosol in Selected Lipid Systems of Different Unsaturation Degree. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-016-2910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
91
|
Affiliation(s)
- A Sharif
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK. .,Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting, Washington, DC.
| | - T Trey
- Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting, Washington, DC
| | - A Schwarz
- Independent China scholar, Munich, Germany
| | - M Fiatarone Singh
- Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting, Washington, DC.,Exercise, Health and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Lavee
- Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting, Washington, DC.,Heart Transplantation Unit, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Sheba Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Sharif A, Akhtar B, Nasim MB, Peerzada S, Raza M, Ijaz H, Ahmed S, Shabbir M, Ali S, Akbar Z, Ul Hassan SS. Genotoxic and cytotoxic action potential of Terminalia citrina, a medicinal plant of ethnopharmacological significance. EXCLI J 2016; 15:589-598. [PMID: 28096789 PMCID: PMC5225684 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Most herbal medicines utilized in complementary and alternative medicine lack safety evaluation setting our lives under unwarranted risks. Present study comprised of genotoxic and cytotoxic appraisal of Terminalia citrina fruits which are used as a folklore medicine for treatment of various ailments. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of T. citrina fruit extracts were evaluated for the presence of different phytochemicals. Genotoxic potential of both the extract of T. citrina was assessed through Ames reverse mutagenicity assay in Salmonella TA 100 and 102 strains. Cytotoxic potential of T. citrina was determined in baby hamster kidney cell line (BHK-21). Statistical analysis was carried out by ANOVA following post hoc test. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, tannins, catechins and saponins. It was revealed that both the extracts of T. citrina exhibited significant mutagenicity in tester strains. Ethanolic extract showed higher mutagenicity in TA 100 strain, whereas aqueous extract of T. citrina exhibited higher mutagenicity in TA 102 strain than TA 100. Both the extracts of T. citrina showed dose-dependent mutagenicity. Fifty percent cell viability was exhibited by 260 and 545 µg/mL of ethanolic and aqueous extracts respectively. This study concludes that the ethanolic and aqueous fruit extracts of T. citrina may not be safe owing to their mutagenic and cytotoxic potential and it necessitates further investigation regarding its safety evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maaz Bin Nasim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sohaib Peerzada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Moosa Raza
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hira Ijaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Shabbir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Institute für pharmazeutische Technologie & Biopharmazie, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - Zeeshan Akbar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
93
|
Saleem A, Akhtar MF, Mushtaq MF, Saleem M, Muhammad ST, Akhtar B, Sharif A, Peerzada S. Current trends in the treatment of hepatitis C: interventions to avoid adverse effects and increase effectiveness of anti-HCV drugs. EXCLI J 2016; 15:578-588. [PMID: 28096788 PMCID: PMC5225681 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Viral hepatitis, an inflammatory liver disease, is caused by various genotypes of hepatitis C viruses (HCV). Hepatitis C slowly sprouts into fibrosis, which progresses to cirrhosis. Over a prolonged period of time compensated cirrhosis can advance to decompensated cirrhosis culminating in hepatic failure and death. Conventional treatment of HCV involves the administration of interferons. However, association of interferon with the adverse drug reactions led to the development of novel anti-HCV drugs given as monotherapy or in combination with the other drugs. Advances in drug delivery systems (DDS) improved the pharmacokinetic profile and stability of drugs, ameliorated tissue damages on extravasation and increased the targeting of affected sites. Liposomes and lipid based vehicles have been employed with polyethylene glycol (PEG) so as to stabilize the formulations as PEG drug complex. Sofosbuvir, a novel anti-HCV drug, is administered as monotherapy or in combination with daclatasvir, ledipasivir, protease inhibitors, ribavirin and interferon for the treatment of HCV genotypes 1, 2 and 3. These drug combinations are highly effective in eradicating the interferon resistance, recurrent HCV infection in liver transplant, concurrent HIV infection and preventing interferon related adverse effects. Further investigations to improve drug targeting and identification of new drug targets are highly warranted due to the rapid emergence of drug resistance in HCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ammara Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sohaib Peerzada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Akhtar B, Ashraf M, Javeed A, Sharif A, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Hamid I, Alvi S, Murtaza G. ANALGESIC, ANTIPYRETIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF GREWIA ASIATICA FRUIT EXTRACTS IN ALBINO MICE. Acta Pol Pharm 2016; 73:983-989. [PMID: 29648724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to assess biological (analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory) activities of methanolic and aqueous fruit extracts of Grewia asiatica. The study was performed on albino mice. Analgesic effect of the extracts was determined by acetic acid induced writhing. Antipyretic potential of the tested fruit extracts was assessed by brewer's yeast induced pyrexia. Carrageenan induced paw edema method was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity. Both the extracts showed biological effects in a dose dependent fashion at doses 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg orally. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for data analysis and the values having p-value smaller than 0.05 were considered significant. Both the extracts had significant analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities.
Collapse
|
95
|
Nath J, Hodson J, Canbilen SW, Al Shakarchi J, Inston NG, Sharif A, Ready AR. Effect of cold ischaemia time on outcome after living donor renal transplantation. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1230-6. [PMID: 27245933 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of cold ischaemia time (CIT) on living donor kidney transplant recipients in a large national data set. METHODS Data from the National Health Service Blood and Transplant and UK Renal Registry databases for all patients receiving a living donor kidney transplant in the UK between January 2001 and December 2014 were analysed. Patients were divided into three groups depending on CIT (less than 2 h, 2-4 h, 4-8 h). Risk-adjusted outcomes were assessed by multivariable analysis adjusting for discordance in both donor and recipient characteristics. RESULTS Outcomes of 9156 transplants were analysed (CIT less than 2 h in 2662, 2-4 h in 4652, and 4-8 h in 1842). After adjusting for confounders, there was no significant difference in patient survival between CIT groups. Recipients of kidneys with a CIT of 4-8 h had excellent graft outcomes, although these were slightly inferior to outcomes in those with a CIT of less than 2 h, with risk-adjusted rates of delayed graft function of 8·6 versus 4·3 per cent, and 1-year graft survival rates of 96·2 versus 97·1 per cent, respectively. CONCLUSION The detrimental effect of prolonging CIT for up to 8 h in living donation kidney transplantation is marginal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Nath
- Departments of Renal Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK.,School of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Hodson
- Departments of Biostatistics, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S W Canbilen
- School of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Al Shakarchi
- Departments of Renal Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - N G Inston
- Departments of Renal Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Sharif
- Departments of Renal Medicine, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A R Ready
- Departments of Renal Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Akhtar MF, Ashraf M, Javeed A, Anjum AA, Sharif A, Saleem A, Akhtar B, Khan AM, Altaf I. Toxicity Appraisal of Untreated Dyeing Industry Wastewater Based on Chemical Characterization and Short Term Bioassays. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2016; 96:502-507. [PMID: 26920697 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1759-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing wastewaters only on a chemical basis may be insufficient owing to their complex nature. The purpose of this study was to assess toxicity of textile dyeing wastewater based on analytical techniques and short term toxicity based bioassays. In this study, screening of the fractionated wastewater through GC-MS showed the presence of phenols, phthalic acid derivatives and chlorpyrifos. Metal analysis revealed that chromium, arsenic and mercury were present in amounts higher than the wastewater discharge limits. Textile dyeing wastewater was found to be highly mutagenic in the Ames test. DNA damage in sheep lymphocytes decreased linearly with an increase in the dilution of wastewater. MTT assay showed that 8.3 percent v/v wastewater decreased cell survival percentage to 50 %. It can be concluded from this study that short term toxicity tests such as Ames test, in vitro comet assay, and cytotoxicity assays may serve as useful indicators of wastewater pollution along with their organic and inorganic chemical characterizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Javeed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad Anjum
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Muqeet Khan
- Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Imran Altaf
- Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Sharif A, Husain M, Gire N, Tomenson B, Chaudhry N, Husain M. Suicidal ideation during pregnancy in British Pakistani women. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionSuicide is a major public health problem and one of the common causes of maternal mortality. Rates of suicide and self-harm are higher in British South Asian women compared to the majority white population. Suicidal Ideation (SI) is a significant risk factor associated with self-harm and suicide.ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence and risk factors of SI in British Pakistani women.AimTo identify risk factors associated with SI, in order to inform future preventive strategies.MethodThis is a secondary analysis of a larger study which looked at depression during pregnancy and infant outcomes. Participants who consented (women aged 18 or over, in their third pregnancy trimester) were initially assessed for maternal depression using the Edinburgh Post-Natal Depression Scale (EPDS), with one of the questions on the EPDS being on SI. Participants who met the study criteria, were further assessed regarding socio-demographic factors, perceived social support, social adversity and isolation.ResultsThe rate of SI in this group of women was 8.1%, with baseline interview results suggesting that women with SI being significantly more likely to be aged 20 or less, have experience of severe life events and being less likely to have social support.ConclusionThis area of research is key to understanding SI in British Pakistani women, to better develop culturally sensitive interventions for use within this group.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Collapse
|
98
|
Sharif A, Ashraf M, Anjum AA, Javeed A, Altaf I, Akhtar MF, Abbas M, Akhtar B, Saleem A. Pharmaceutical wastewater being composite mixture of environmental pollutants may be associated with mutagenicity and genotoxicity. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:2813-2820. [PMID: 26452655 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5478-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical industries are amongst the foremost contributor to industrial waste. Ecological well-being is endangered owing to its facile discharge. In the present study, heavy metals and organic contaminants in waste water were characterized using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and GC-MS, respectively. Mutagenicity and genotoxic potential of pharmaceutical waste water were investigated through bacterial reverse mutation assay and in vitro comet assay, respectively. Ames test and comet assay of first sample were carried out at concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 % v/v effluent with distilled water. Chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) were found in high concentrations as compared to WHO- and EPA-recommended maximum limits. Arsenic was found to be the most abundant metal and its maximum concentration was 0.8 mg.L(-1). GC-MS revealed the presence of lignocaine, digitoxin, trimethoprim, caffeine, and vitamin E in waste water. Dose-dependent decrease in mutagenic index was observed in both strains. Substantial increase in mutagenicity was observed for TA-100, when assay was done by incorporating an enzyme activation system, whereas a slight increase was detected for TA-102. In vitro comet assay of waste water exhibited decrease in damage index and percentage fragmentation with the increase in dilution of waste water. Tail length also decreased with an increase in the dilution factor of waste water. These findings suggest that pharmaceutical waste water being a mix of different heavy metals and organic contaminants may have a potent mutagenic and genotoxic effect on exposed living organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmed Anjum
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Javeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Imran Altaf
- Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mateen Abbas
- Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacy, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Farhoosh R, Sharif A, Asnaashari M, Johnny S, Molaahmadibahraseman N. Temperature-Dependent Mechanism of Antioxidant Activity of o-Hydroxyl, o-Methoxy, and Alkyl Ester Derivatives of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid in Fish Oil. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-016-2790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
100
|
Akhtar MF, Ashraf M, Anjum AA, Javeed A, Sharif A, Saleem A, Akhtar B. Textile industrial effluent induces mutagenicity and oxidative DNA damage and exploits oxidative stress biomarkers in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 41:180-186. [PMID: 26710178 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to complex mixtures like textile effluent poses risks to animal and human health such as mutations, genotoxicity and oxidative damage. Aim of the present study was to quantify metals in industrial effluent and to determine its mutagenic, genotoxic and cytotoxic potential and effects on oxidative stress biomarkers in effluent exposed rats. Metal analysis revealed presence of high amounts of zinc, copper, chromium, iron, arsenic and mercury in industrial effluent. Ames test with/without enzyme activation and MTT assay showed strong association of industrial effluent with mutagenicity and cytotoxicity respectively. In-vitro comet assay revealed evidence of high oxidative DNA damage. When Wistar rats were exposed to industrial effluent in different dilutions for 60 days, then activities of total superoxide dismutase and catalase and hydrogen peroxide concentration were found to be significantly lower in kidney, liver and blood/plasma of effluent exposed rats than control. Vitamin C in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day significantly reduced oxidative effects of effluent in rats. On the basis of this study it is concluded that industrial effluent may cause mutagenicity, in-vitro oxidative stress-related DNA damage and cytotoxicity and may be associated with oxidative stress in rats. Vitamin C may have ameliorating effect when exposed to effluent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad Anjum
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Javeed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|