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Biswas G, Khadwal A, Kulkarni P, Bakshi A, Nair C, Kurkure P, Muckaden M, Parikh P. Ewing′s sarcoma with cutaneous metastasis - a rare entity: Report of three cases. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2005; 71:423-5. [PMID: 16394487 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.18950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a small round cell tumor, usually arising from flat bones and diaphyseal region of long bones. It is commonly found in the first two decades of life. It is curable when diagnosed in the localized stage and requires multimodality treatment. ES is a chemosensitive tumor. It metastasizes commonly to lung, pleura and other bones. Less common sites of metastasis are lymph nodes, CNS and liver. Skin metastasis is extremely uncommon. It occurs in up to 9% of all patients with cancer. Growth pattern of cutaneous metastasis is unpredictable and may not reflect that of primary tumor. We hereby report three cases of Ewing's sarcoma that developed skin metastasis.
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Biswas G, Laskar S, Banavali SD, Gujral S, Kurkure PA, Muckaden M, Parikh PM, Nair CN. Desmoplastic small round cell tumor: Extra abdominal and abdominal presentations and the results of treatment. Indian J Cancer 2005; 42:78-84. [PMID: 16141506 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.16696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare malignant neoplasm of adolescent males. Current multimodality treatment prolongs life and rarely achieves cure. AIM To review the presenting features, histopathology and outcome of 18 patients with DSRCT treated at a single institution. SETTING AND DESIGN This is a retrospective observational study of patients with DSRCT who presented at the Tata Memorial Hospital between January 1994 to January 2005. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen patients of DSRCT seen during this period were evaluated for their clinical presentation, response to chemotherapy and other multimodality treatment and overall survival. The cohort of 18 patients included 11 males (61%) and 7 females (39%) with a mean age of 16 years (Range 1(1/2)--30 years). Majority (83%) presented with abdomino-pelvic disease. The others, involving chest wall and extremities. There were 6 patients (33%) with metastatic disease at presentation. RESULTS The treatment primarily included a multimodality approach using a combination of multiagent chemotherapy with adjuvant surgery and radiotherapy as applicable. A response rate of 39% (CR-1, PR-6), with chemotherapy was observed. The overall response rate after multimodality treatment was 39% (CR-5, PR-2). The overall survival was poor except in patients who had complete excision of the tumor. CONCLUSION 0 Abdomino-pelvic site was the commonest presentation, the disease can occur at other non-serosal surfaces also. Despite aggressive treatment the outcome was poor. However, complete surgical excision seems to provide a better survival.
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Vottery R, Biswas G, Deshmukh C, Gupta S, Nair R, Parikh P. Scleroderma and dermographism in a case of carcinoma ovary. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2005; 71:429-30. [PMID: 16394490 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.18953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Biswas G, Khurana R, Bhagwat R, Nair R, Banavali SD, Vora A, Parikh PM. Necrotizing fascitis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2004; 52:890. [PMID: 15906841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
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Pai VR, Kulkarni PS, Mazumdar AT, Biswas G, Parikh PM, Pathak KA, D'Cruz AK. Ifosfamide based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced head & neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): A retrospective analysis of 718 cases. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.5550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Biswas G, Kurkure P, Banavali S, Achrekar S, Kulkarni P, Bhagwat R, Sharma L. Challenges in management of advanced neuroblastoma: Experience at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.8562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Sharma LM, Biswas G, Rai SS, Nair R, Gupta S, Parikh PM. Retro-peritoneal plasmacytoma: a case report and review of literature. Indian J Cancer 2004; 41:133-4. [PMID: 15472413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma (EMP) is an uncommon neoplasm. When diagnosed, head and neck region is its most likely location. Rarely, it may occur in the retro-peritoneum. We report a 44 year old man with solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma in the retro peritoneum (RPEMP). The patient did not show response to three cycles of VAD chemotherapy. Thereafter Surgical excision of the mass was performed successfully. This is probably the first case report from Indian subcontinent.
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Sharma L, Biswas G, Lokeshwar N, Nair CN, Gupta S, Parikh PM. Microcystic adnexal Carcinoma in a 10 year old child: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Nanda V, Garg BK, Chittoria R, Biswas G, Sharma RK. Amyloidosis complicating rhinophyma. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2004; 28:98-9. [PMID: 15170247 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-004-3104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Rhinophyma is the advanced stage of acne rosacea and a source of embarrassment for the patient. Secondary localized cutaneous amyloidosis complicating rhinophyma is not reported in the literature. A patient with rhinophyma was treated by excision and primary closure. The histologic examination showed amyloidosis.
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Parikh P, Sharma L, Biswas G, Rai S, Nair R, Gupta S. Retro-peritoneal plasmacytoma: A case report and review of literature. Indian J Cancer 2004. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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Vanarase M, Biswas G. Diprifusor - things are not always what they seem. Anaesthesia 2003; 58:1247-8. [PMID: 14705711 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.2003.03551.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gyapong JO, Kyelem D, Kleinschmidt I, Agbo K, Ahouandogbo F, Gaba J, Owusu-Banahene G, Sanou S, Sodahlon YK, Biswas G, Kale OO, Molyneux DH, Roungou JB, Thomson MC, Remme J. The use of spatial analysis in mapping the distribution of bancroftian filariasis in four West African countries. ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY 2002; 96:695-705. [PMID: 12537631 DOI: 10.1179/000349802125001735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The geographical distribution of human infection with Wuchereria bancrofti was investigated in four West African countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana and Togo), using a commercial immunochromatographic test for filarial antigen. Efforts were made to cover each health-system implementation unit and to ensure no sampling point was >50 km from another, but otherwise the 401 study communities were selected at random. The aim was to enable spatial analysis of the data, to provide a prediction of the overall spatial relationships of the infection. The results, which were subjected to an independent random validation in Burkina Faso and Ghana, revealed that prevalence in the adult population of some communities exceeded 70% and that, over large areas of Burkina Faso, community prevalences were between 30% and 50%. Most of Togo, southern Benin and much of southern Ghana appeared completely free of the infection. Although there were foci on the Ghanaian coast with prevalences of 10%-30%, such high prevalences did not extend into coastal Togo or costal Benin. The prevalence map produced should be useful in prioritizing areas for filariasis control, identifying potential overlap with ivermectin-distribution activities undertaken by onchocerciasis-control programmes, and enabling inter-country and sub-regional planning to be initiated. The results indicate that bancroftian filariasis is more widely distributed in arid areas of Burkina Faso than hitherto recognized and that the prevalences of infection have remained fairly stable for at least 30 years. The campaign to eliminate lymphatic filariasis as a public-health problem in Africa will require significantly more resources (human, financial, and logistic) than previously anticipated.
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Biswas G, Ghosh SK, Mukhopadhyay S, Bora H. A clinical study of nasopharyngeal masses. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002; 54:193-5. [PMID: 23119890 DOI: 10.1007/bf02993101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Out of 36511 patients attending the ENT OHD of R. G,. Aur Medical Callege & Hospital. Kolkata, in one year 0.08% patients were found tuning naspharyngeal mass. 30 cases of nasopharyngeal mass were studied. The peak incidence of nasopharyngeal mass was in the age group between II to 20 years (40%). The incidence in males (73%) was more than females(27%). The maximum ineldence was found among students (74%). Commonest ntuopharyngeal nuns teas antrochoanal polyp (30%). Next commlon masses were adenoids (23%)Juvenile angwfibroma(20%) and nasophartngeal carcinoma (13%). Nasal obstruction was the main presenting symptom(83%) followed by epistaxis (40%).
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Biswas G, Lohani I, Chari PS. The sandwich temporoparietal free fascial flap for tendon gliding. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001; 108:1639-45. [PMID: 11711940 DOI: 10.1097/00006534-200111000-00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Microsurgical transfer of the superficial and deep temporal fascia based on the superficial temporal vessels has been documented. This article analyzes the functional recovery when each layer of this facial flap is placed on either side of reconstructed or repaired tendons, to recreate a gliding environment. This fascial flap also provided a thin, pliable vascular cover in selected defects of the extremities. Six patients (four male and two female) with tendon loss and skin scarring of the hand (three dorsum, one palmar, and one distal forearm) and posttraumatic scarring of the ankle with tendoachilles shortening (one patient) underwent this procedure. No flap loss was witnessed. Good overall functional recovery and tendon excursion were observed. Complication of partial graft loss was observed in two patients.
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Mullick J, Anandatheerthavarada HK, Amuthan G, Bhagwat SV, Biswas G, Camasamudram V, Bhat NK, Reddy SE, Rao V, Avadhani NG. Physical interaction and functional synergy between glucocorticoid receptor and Ets2 proteins for transcription activation of the rat cytochrome P-450c27 promoter. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:18007-17. [PMID: 11279115 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m100671200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that dexamethasone-mediated transcription activation of the cytochrome P-450c27 promoter involves a physical interaction and functional synergy between glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Ets2 factor. Ets2 protein binding to a "weak" Ets-like site of the promoter is dependent on GR bound to the adjacent cryptic glucocorticoid response element. Coimmunoprecipitation and chemical cross-linking experiments show physical interaction between GR and Ets2 proteins. Mutational analyses show synergistic effects of Ets2 and GR in dexamethasone-mediated activation of the cytochrome P-450c27 promoter. The DNA-binding domain of GR, lacking the transcription activation and ligand-binding domains, was fully active in synergistic activation of the promoter with intact Ets2. The DNA-binding domain of Ets2 lacking the transcription activation domain showed a dominant negative effect on the transcription activity. Finally, a fusion protein consisting of the GR DNA-binding domain and the transcription activation domain of Ets2 fully supported the transcription activity, suggesting a novel synergy between the two proteins, which does not require the transactivation domain of GR. Our results also provide new insights on the role of putative weak consensus Ets sites in transcription activation, possibly through synergistic interaction with other gene-specific transcription activators.
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Amuthan G, Biswas G, Zhang SY, Klein-Szanto A, Vijayasarathy C, Avadhani NG. Mitochondria-to-nucleus stress signaling induces phenotypic changes, tumor progression and cell invasion. EMBO J 2001. [PMID: 11296224 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently we showed that partial depletion of mitochondrial DNA (genetic stress) or treatment with mitochondrial-specific inhibitors (metabolic stress) induced a stress signaling that was associated with increased cytoplasmic-free Ca(2+) [Ca(2+)](c). In the present study we show that the mitochondria-to-nucleus stress signaling induces invasive phenotypes in otherwise non-invasive C2C12 myoblasts and human pulmonary carcinoma A549 cells. Tumor-specific markers cathepsin L and transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) are overexpressed in cells subjected to mitochondrial genetic as well as metabolic stress. C2C12 myoblasts subjected to stress showed 4- to 6-fold higher invasion through reconstituted Matrigel membrane as well as rat tracheal xenotransplants in Scid mice. Activation of Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) under both genetic and metabolic stress conditions was associated with increased cathepsin L gene expression, which contributes to increased invasive property of cells. Reverted cells with approximately 70% of control cell mtDNA exhibited marker mRNA contents, cell morphology and invasive property closer to control cells. These results provide insights into a new pathway by which mitochondrial DNA and membrane damage can contribute to tumor progression and metastasis.
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Biswas G, Khandelwal NK, Venkatramu NK, Chari PS. Congenital sternal cleft. BRITISH JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2001; 54:259-61. [PMID: 11254425 DOI: 10.1054/bjps.2000.3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A cleft of the sternum is a rare congenital anomaly. We present a case of a sternal cleft in a 7-year-old boy. A split iliac bone graft covered with the sternocostal portion of a pectoralis major flap was used to reconstruct the defect.
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Sandilya P, Rao DP, Sharma A, Biswas G. Gas-Phase Mass Transfer in a Centrifugal Contactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ie0000818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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70
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Raj HG, Gupta K, Rohil V, Bose M, Biswas G, Singh SK, Jain SC, Parmar VS, Olsen CE, Wengel J. Aflatoxin B1-induced micronuclei and cell cycle alterations in lung and bone marrow cells and their modulation by Piper argyrophyllum extract. TERATOGENESIS, CARCINOGENESIS, AND MUTAGENESIS 2000; 18:249-61. [PMID: 9876014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B, (AFB1) is a clastogen that causes cellular damage by covalent modification of nucleic acids. In this investigation, male rats were injected i.p. with AFB1 (8 mg/kg b.w.) in DMSO and the same dose of AFB1 was also administered intratracheally (i.t.) to the animals separately. The animals were killed after 26 h of the carcinogen treatment, femur bone was removed, and bone marrow cells were isolated and stained with Mayer's hematoxylin and eosin. Micronuclei (Mn) were scored by using light microscopy. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was prepared from rats administered AFB1 i.t. A part of BAL was fixed with 70% ethanol, stained with the fluorochrome DAPI, and analysed for cell cycle variations; the other part of the lavage was used for making slides to record Mn with a fluorescent microscope. A significantly greater proportion of lung cells were found to enter cell cycle with extended S-phase due to AFB1 treatment. Mn were induced in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) as compared to normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) in the bone marrow of AFB1-treated rats, where there was nearly a three-fold increase in the number of Mn of bone marrow cells. The administration of AFB1 resulted in a two-fold rise in the Mn in the lung cells. The effect of BSO, DEM, and PB, the modulators of AFB1 metabolism, was studied on AFB1-induced Mn formation. A significant increase in the Mn score in PCEs of BSO- and DEM-treated rats was noted, while a slight reduction in the Mn score was noted in the case of PB-treated rats. The administration of the methanol extract of the leaves of Piper argyrophyllum (taken up in DMSO) to rats for a week exhibited normalising effect on AFB1-induced Mn in bone marrow cells. These observations record the induction of Mn in lung cells due to AFB1 for the first time. We propose the utility of AFB1-induced Mn as a model for screening plant extracts as inhibitors of genotoxicity. Prevention of genotoxic changes described above by phytochemicals is being pursued in our Laboratories.
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Adebanjo OA, Biswas G, Moonga BS, Anandatheerthavarada HK, Sun L, Bevis PJ, Sodam BR, Lai FA, Avadhani NG, Zaidi M. Novel biochemical and functional insights into nuclear Ca(2+) transport through IP(3)Rs and RyRs in osteoblasts. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000; 278:F784-91. [PMID: 10807590 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.2000.278.5.f784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first biochemical and functional characterization of inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP(3)Rs) and ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in the nuclear membrane of bone-forming (MC3T3-E1) osteoblasts. Intact nuclei fluoresced intensely with anti-RyR (Ab(34)) and anti-IP(3)R (Ab(40)) antisera in a typically peripheral nuclear membrane pattern. Isolated nuclear membranes were next subjected to SDS-PAGE and blotted with isoform-specific anti-receptor antisera, notably Ab(40), anti-RyR-1, anti-RyR-2 (Ab(129)), and anti-RyR-3 (Ab(180)). Only anti-RyR-1 and Ab(40) showed bands corresponding, respectively, to full-length RyR-1 ( approximately 500 kDa) and IP(3)R-1 (approximately 250 kDa). Band intensity was reduced by just approximately 20% after brief tryptic proteolysis of intact nuclei; this confirmed that isolated nuclear membranes were mostly free of endoplasmic reticular contaminants. Finally, the nucleoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](np)) was measured in single nuclei by using fura-dextran. The nuclear envelope was initially loaded with Ca(2+) via Ca(2+)-ATPase activation (1 mM ATP and approximately 100 nM Ca(2+)). Adequate Ca(2+) loading was next confirmed by imaging the nuclear envelope (and nucleoplasm). Exposure of Ca(2+)-loaded nuclei to IP(3) or cADP ribose resulted in a rapid and sustained [Ca(2+)](np) elevation. Taken together, the results provide complementary evidence for nucleoplasmic Ca(2+) influx in osteoblasts through nuclear membrane-resident IP(3)Rs and RyRs. Our findings may conceivably explain the direct regulation of osteoblastic gene expression by hormones that use the IP(3)-Ca(2+) pathway.
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Huang MS, Adebanjo OA, Awumey E, Biswas G, Koval A, Sodam BR, Sun L, Moonga BS, Epstein J, Goldstein S, Lai FA, Lipschitz D, Zaidi M. IP(3), IP(3) receptor, and cellular senescence. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000; 278:F576-84. [PMID: 10751218 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.2000.278.4.f576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we demonstrate that replicative cellular senescence in vitro results in sharply reduced inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptor levels, reduced mitogen-evoked IP(3) formation and Ca(2+) release, and Ca(2+) store depletion. Human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) underwent either 30 mean population doublings [mean population doublings (MPDs) thymidine labeling index (TI) >92% ("young") or between 53 and 58 MPDs (TI < 28%; "senescent")]. We found that the cytosolic Ca(2+) release triggered by either ionomycin or by several IP(3)-generating mitogens, namely bradykinin, thrombin, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF), was attenuated markedly in senescent HDFs. Notably, the triggered cytosolic Ca(2+) transients were of a smaller magnitude in senescent HDFs. However, the response latency seen with both PDGF and EGF was greater for senescent cells. Finally, a smaller proportion of senescent HDFs showed oscillations. In parallel, IP(3) formation in response to bradykinin or EGF was also attenuated in senescent HDFs. Furthermore, senescent HDFs displayed a sharply diminished Ca(2+) release response to intracellularly applied IP(3). Finally, to compare IP(3) receptor protein levels directly in young and senescent HDFs, their microsomal membranes were probed in Western blots with a highly specific anti-IP(3) receptor antiserum, Ab(40). A approximately 260-kDa band corresponding to the IP(3) receptor protein was noted; its intensity was reduced by approximately 50% in senescent cells. Thus, we suggest that reduced IP(3) receptor expression, lowered IP(3) formation, and Ca(2+) release, as well as Ca(2+) store depletion, all contribute to the deficient Ca(2+) signaling seen in HDFs undergoing replicative senescence.
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Bagchi S, Biswas G, Kawamura K. Task planning under uncertainty using a spreading activation network. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1109/3468.895887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Adebanjo OA, Anandatheerthavarada HK, Koval AP, Moonga BS, Biswas G, Sun L, Sodam BR, Bevis PJ, Huang CL, Epstein S, Lai FA, Avadhani NG, Zaidi M. A new function for CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase in nuclear Ca2+ homeostasis. Nat Cell Biol 1999; 1:409-14. [PMID: 10559984 DOI: 10.1038/15640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoplasmic calcium ions (Ca2+) influence nuclear functions as critical as gene transcription, apoptosis, DNA repair, topoisomerase activation and polymerase unfolding. Although both inositol trisphosphate receptors and ryanodine receptors, types of Ca2+ channel, are present in the nuclear membrane, their role in the homeostasis of nuclear Ca2+ remains unclear. Here we report the existence in the inner nuclear membrane of a functionally active CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase that has its catalytic site within the nucleoplasm. We propose that the enzyme catalyses the intranuclear cyclization of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose. The latter activates ryanodine receptors of the inner nuclear membrane to trigger nucleoplasmic Ca2+ release.
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Anandatheerthavarada HK, Biswas G, Mullick J, Sepuri NB, Otvos L, Pain D, Avadhani NG. Dual targeting of cytochrome P4502B1 to endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria involves a novel signal activation by cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation at ser128. EMBO J 1999; 18:5494-504. [PMID: 10523294 PMCID: PMC1171618 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/18.20.5494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated mechanisms of mitochondrial targeting of the phenobarbital-inducible hepatic mitochondrial P450MT4, which cross-reacts with antibody to microsomal P4502B1. Results show that P4502B1 and P450MT4 have identical primary sequence but different levels of phosphorylation and secondary structure. We demonstrate that P4502B1 contains a chimeric mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeting signal at its N-terminus. Inducers of cAMP and protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation of P4502B1 at Ser128 activate the signal for mitochondrial targeting and modulate its mitochondrial or ER destination. S128A mutation inhibits in vitro mitochondrial transport and also in vivo mitochondrial targeting in COS cells. A fragment of P4502B1 containing the N-terminal signal and the phosphorylation site could drive the transport of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) into mitochondria. Ser128 phosphorylation reduced the affinity of 2B1 protein for binding to SRP, but increased the affinity of the 2B1-DHFR fusion protein for binding to yeast mitochondrial translocase proteins, TOM40 and TIM44, and matrix Hsp70. We describe a novel regulatory mechanism by which cAMP modulates the targeting of a protein to two distinct organelles.
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Bhagwat SV, Biswas G, Anandatheerthavarada HK, Addya S, Pandak W, Avadhani NG. Dual targeting property of the N-terminal signal sequence of P4501A1. Targeting of heterologous proteins to endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:24014-22. [PMID: 10446170 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.34.24014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies from our laboratory showed that the beta-naphthoflavone-inducible cytochrome P4501A1 is targeted to both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. In the present study, we have further investigated the ability of the N-terminal signal sequence (residues 1-44) of P4501A1 to target heterologous proteins, dihydrofolate reductase, and the mature portion of the rat P450c27 to the two subcellular compartments. In vitro transport and in vivo expression experiments show that N-terminally fused 1-44 signal sequence of P4501A1 targets heterologous proteins to both the ER and mitochondria, whereas the 33-44 sequence strictly functions as a mitochondrial targeting signal. Site-specific mutations show that positively charged residues at the 34th and 39th positions are critical for mitochondrial targeting. Cholesterol 27-hydroxylase activity of the ER-associated 1-44/1A1-CYP27 fusion protein can be reconstituted with cytochrome P450 reductase, but the mitochondrial associated fusion protein is functional with adrenodoxin + adrenodoxin reductase. Consistent with these differences, the fusion protein in the two organelle compartments exhibited distinctly different membrane topology. The results on the chimeric nature of the N-terminal signal of P4501A1 coupled with interaction with different electron transport proteins suggest a co-evolutionary nature of some of the xenobiotic inducible microsomal and mitochondrial P450s.
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Anandatheerthavarada HK, Vijayasarathy C, Bhagwat SV, Biswas G, Mullick J, Avadhani NG. Physiological role of the N-terminal processed P4501A1 targeted to mitochondria in erythromycin metabolism and reversal of erythromycin-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:6617-25. [PMID: 10037757 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.10.6617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we showed that the major species of beta-naphthoflavone-inducible rat liver mitochondrial P450MT2 consists of N-terminal truncated microsomal P4501A1 (+33/1A1) and that the truncated enzyme exhibits different substrate specificity as compared with intact P4501A1. The results of the present study show that P450MT2 targeted to COS cell mitochondria by transient transfection of P4501A1 cDNA is localized inside the mitochondrial inner membrane in a membrane-extrinsic orientation. Co-expression with wild type P4501A1 and adrenodoxin (Adx) cDNAs resulted in 5-7-fold higher erythromycin N-demethylation (ERND) in the mitochondrial fraction but minimal changes in the microsomal fraction of transfected cells. Erythromycin, a potent inhibitor of bacterial and mitochondrial protein synthesis, caused 8-12-fold higher accumulation of CYP1A1 mRNA, preferential accumulation of P450MT2, and 5-6-fold higher ERND activity in the mitochondrial compartment of rat C6 glioma cells. Consistent with the increased mitochondrial ERND activity, co-expression with P4501A1 and Adx in COS cells rendered complete protection against erythromycin-mediated mitochondrial translation inhibition. Mutations that specifically affect the mitochondrial targeting of P4501A1 also abolished protection against mitochondrial translation inhibition. These results for the first time suggest a physiological function for the xenobiotic inducible cytochrome P4501A1 against drug-mediated mitochondrial toxicity.
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79
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Biswas G, Adebanjo OA, Freedman BD, Anandatheerthavarada HK, Vijayasarathy C, Zaidi M, Kotlikoff M, Avadhani NG. Retrograde Ca2+ signaling in C2C12 skeletal myocytes in response to mitochondrial genetic and metabolic stress: a novel mode of inter-organelle crosstalk. EMBO J 1999; 18:522-33. [PMID: 9927412 PMCID: PMC1171145 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/18.3.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the mechanism of mitochondrial-nuclear crosstalk during cellular stress in mouse C2C12 myocytes. For this purpose, we used cells with reduced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contents by ethidium bromide treatment or myocytes treated with known mitochondrial metabolic inhibitors, including carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), antimycin, valinomycin and azide. Both genetic and metabolic stresses similarly affected mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim) and electron transport-coupled ATP synthesis, which was also accompanied by an elevated steady-state cytosolic Ca2+ level ([Ca2+]i). The mitochondrial stress resulted in: (i) an enhanced expression of the sarcoplasmic reticular ryanodine receptor-1 (RyR-1), hence potentiating the Ca2+ release in response to its modulator, caffeine; (ii) enhanced levels of Ca2+-responsive factors calineurin, calcineurin-dependent NFATc (cytosolic counterpart of activated T-cell-specific nuclear factor) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent ATF2 (activated transcription factor 2); (iii) reduced levels of transcription factor, NF-kappaB; and (iv) enhanced transcription of cytochrome oxidase Vb (COX Vb) subunit gene. These cellular changes, including the steady-state [Ca2+]i were normalized in genetically reverted cells which contain near-normal mtDNA levels. We propose that the mitochondria-to-nucleus stress signaling occurs through cytosolic [Ca2+]i changes, which are likely to be due to reduced ATP and Ca2+ efflux. Our results indicate that the mitochondrial stress signal affects a variety of cellular processes, in addition to mitochondrial membrane biogenesis.
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80
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Mosterman P, Biswas G. Diagnosis of continuous valued systems in transient operating regions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1109/3468.798059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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81
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Chakrabarti A, Gupta V, Biswas G, Kumar B, Sakhuja VK. Primary cutaneous aspergillosis: our experience in 10 years. J Infect 1998; 37:24-7. [PMID: 9733373 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(98)90303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe nine patients with primary cutaneous aspergillosis who were diagnosed during the 10-year period between 1987 and 1996. All except one were adults. Seven of those nine cases had an immunocompromised state. Among the immunocompromised patients, six had burn wounds and one was a renal transplant recipient. Aspergillus flavus was isolated from seven patients and A. fumigatus from one, and in one other case the species could not be determined. Three patients who had total burn surface area of more than 70% died. The other patients responded well to extensive surgical debridement with or without institution of oral itraconazole.
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82
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Biswas G, Weinberg J, Fisher D. ITERATE: a conceptual clustering algorithm for data mining. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1109/5326.669556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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83
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Maulik PR, Avasthi K, Biswas G, Biswas S, Rawat DS, Sarkhel S, Chandra T, Bhakuni DS. A Stacked Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-Based Flexible Molecule. Acta Crystallogr C 1998. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270197013309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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84
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Biswas G, Gomes A, Pal A, Bera A, Ghatak K, Haider U, Banerjee A. Crystal structure of trans-9,10-dichlorotricyclo [3.3.2.01,5]decan-2-one, C10H12Cl2O. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 1997. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.1997.212.1.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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85
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Addya S, Anandatheerthavarada HK, Biswas G, Bhagwat SV, Mullick J, Avadhani NG. Targeting of NH2-terminal-processed microsomal protein to mitochondria: a novel pathway for the biogenesis of hepatic mitochondrial P450MT2. J Cell Biol 1997; 139:589-99. [PMID: 9348277 PMCID: PMC2141697 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.139.3.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/1997] [Revised: 08/12/1997] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P4501A1 is a hepatic, microsomal membrane-bound enzyme that is highly induced by various xenobiotic agents. Two NH2-terminal truncated forms of this P450, termed P450MT2a and MT2b, are also found localized in mitochondria from beta-naphthoflavone-induced livers. In this paper, we demonstrate that P4501A1 has a chimeric NH2-terminal signal that facilitates the targeting of the protein to both the ER and mitochondria. The NH2-terminal 30-amino acid stretch of P4501A1 is thought to provide signals for ER membrane insertion and also stop transfer. The present study provides evidence that a sequence motif immediately COOH-terminal (residues 33-44) to the transmembrane domain functions as a mitochondrial targeting signal under both in vivo and in vitro conditions, and that the positively charged residues at positions 34 and 39 are critical for mitochondrial targeting. Results suggest that 25% of P4501A1 nascent chains, which escape ER membrane insertion, are processed by a liver cytosolic endoprotease. We postulate that the NH2-terminal proteolytic cleavage activates a cryptic mitochondrial targeting signal. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that a portion of transiently expressed P4501A1 is colocalized with the mitochondrial-specific marker protein cytochrome oxidase subunit I. The mitochondrial-associated MT2a and MT2b are localized within the inner membrane compartment, as tested by resistance to limited proteolysis in both intact mitochondria and mitoplasts. Our results therefore describe a novel mechanism whereby proteins with chimeric signal sequence are targeted to the ER as well as to the mitochondria.
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86
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Biswas G, Kapadia R, Yu X. Combined qualitative-quantitative steady-state diagnosis of continuous-valued systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1109/3468.554680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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87
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Anandatheerthavarada HK, Addya S, Dwivedi RS, Biswas G, Mullick J, Avadhani NG. Localization of multiple forms of inducible cytochromes P450 in rat liver mitochondria: immunological characteristics and patterns of xenobiotic substrate metabolism. Arch Biochem Biophys 1997; 339:136-50. [PMID: 9056243 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1996.9855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic mitochondria contain inducible cytochromes P450 that cross-react with antibodies to P4501A1/2 and 2B1/2. In the present study, we present evidence for the occurrence of additional P450 forms in rat liver mitochondria that cross-react with antibodies to microsomal P4503A1/2 and 2E1. Protease protection and also immunoelectron microscopy studies were carried out to support the mitochondrial location of the immunoreactive P450s. The solubility of immunoreactive proteins in 0.1 M Na2CO3 suggests that the mitochondrial P450 forms tested are not membrane-integral proteins. The mitochondrial-associated P450 forms are capable of metabolizing resorufin derivatives, erythromycin, and p-nitrophenol in an adrenodoxin- and adrenodoxin reductase-supported system. Treatment of rats with phenobarbital (PB) resulted in the induction of mitochondrial pentoxyresorufin O-deethylase (PROD), benzoxyresorufin O-deethylase (BROD), and erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND) activities by 17-, 23-, and 2-fold, respectively. These activities were inhibited by 33 to 64% by antibodies to P4502B1/2 and P4503A1/2. The induction of the above monooxygenase activities correlated with the levels of mitochondrial proteins cross-reacting with antibodies to P4502B1/2 and P4503A1/2 in PB-treated livers. Similarly, administration of beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) resulted in a marked elevation of O-deethylation of ethoxy-, benzoxy-, and methoxyresorufins and a 2-fold increase in ERND activity. Immunoblot and immunoinhibition experiments using P4501A1/2, P4502B1/2, P4503A1/2, and P4502E1 antibodies revealed the presence of P450 forms closely related to the microsomal inducible forms. Results of immunoinhibition studies, using antibodies to adrenodoxin and reconstitution of enzyme activity with purified P450 forms, suggested a role for the mitochondrial P450 in the metabolism of xenobiotic substrates. The purified mitochondrial P450s also exhibited overlapping substrate specificities for resorufin derivatives and erythromycin.
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88
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Raj HG, Gupta S, Biswas G, Singh S, Singh A, Jha A, Bisht KS, Sharma SK, Jain SC, Parmar VS. Chemoprevention of carcinogen-DNA binding: the relative role of different oxygenated substituents on 4-methylcoumarins in the inhibition of aflatoxin B1-DNA binding in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem 1996; 4:2225-8. [PMID: 9022986 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(96)00227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Eighteen 4-methylcoumarins bearing methoxy/hydroxy/acetoxy functionalities have been reported to effectively inhibit the rat liver microsome-mediated aflatoxin B1-DNA binding in vitro. The contribution of functionality on coumarin nucleus towards the inhibition of AFB1-DNA binding is in the order acetoxy > hydroxy > methoxy. The results illustrate the structure-activity relationship.
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89
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Biswas G, Chandra T, Garg N, Bhakuni DS, Pramanik A, Avasthi K, Maulik PR. A [3.1.0]-Fused 2',3'-Modified β-D-Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine Nucleoside. Acta Crystallogr C 1996. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270196004015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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90
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Gomes AC, Biswas G, Pain (Biswas) S, Ghosh S, Ghosh D, Iitaka Y, Banerjee A. Bis(2,4-diaminopyrimidinium) Sulfate Monohydrate, 2C4H7N4+.SO42−.H2O. Acta Crystallogr C 1996. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270195009656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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91
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DeCastro R, Zhang Y, Guo H, Kataoka H, Gordon MK, Toole BP, Biswas G. Human keratinocytes express EMMPRIN, an extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer. J Invest Dermatol 1996; 106:1260-5. [PMID: 8752667 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12348959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Increased levels of matrix metalloproteinases are associated with tissue degradation and remodeling during tumor invasion and wound healing. In both processes, there is evidence that cell interactions between fibroblasts and tumor cells or keratinocytes lead to increases in metalloproteinase production. We have previously isolated and purified a tumor cell surface protein, EMMPRIN (extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer), which stimulates production of interstitial collagenase, gelatinase A, and stromelysin-1 by fibroblasts, and we have obtained cDNA clones that encode the EMMPRIN protein from LX-1 human lung carcinoma cells. In this study we report immunolocalization of EMMPRIN around the surface of human keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo, and isolation of cDNAs that encode the entire open reading frame for EMMPRIN from a human keratinocyte library. Comparison of the EMMPRIN cDNAs from normal human keratinocytes and LX-1 human tumor cells by nucleotide sequence analysis, expression of the recombinant proteins, and in vitro translation using the cDNAs from the two sources indicate that they express very similar forms of EMMPRIN. Native EMMPRIN isolated directly from extracts of keratinocytes, however, is slightly smaller in size and is present at a lower concentration compared with that from LX-1 tumor cells. These results establish the presence of EMMPRIN in the normal epidermis and raise the possibility of its involvement in regulation of matrix remodeling at the epidermal-dermal interface.
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92
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Biswas G, Samuel AM. Tc-99m Dextran lymphoscintigraphy in an infant with chylous peritoneal effusion. Clin Nucl Med 1996; 21:341-2. [PMID: 8925631 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-199604000-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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93
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Biswas G, Chandra T, Avasthi K, Maulik PR. 1,3-Bis[4,6-bis(methylthio)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]propane. Acta Crystallogr C 1995. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270195006524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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94
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Das BC, Pain (Biswas) S, Biswas G, Ganguly SN, Banerjee A, Duax WL, Maji BB, Ghatak KL. Tropinyl 2-Isopropylbenzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylate, C20H25NO2S. Acta Crystallogr C 1995. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270195004872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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95
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Tikku V, Biswas G, Despande R, Majali A, Chaki T, Bhowmick AK. Electron beam initiated grafting of trimethylol propane trimethacrylate onto polyethylene—structure and properties. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0969-806x(94)00169-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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96
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Fisher D, Ling Xu, Carnes J, Reich Y, Fenves J, Chen J, Shiavi R, Biswas G, Weinberg J. Applying AI clustering to engineering tasks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1109/64.248353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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97
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Raychaudhury C, Dey I, Bag P, Biswas G, Das BN, Roy PK, Banerjee A. Use of a rule based graph-theoretical system in evaluating the activity of a class of nucleoside analogues against human immunodeficiency virus. ARZNEIMITTEL-FORSCHUNG 1993; 43:1122-5. [PMID: 8267681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A rule based graph-theoretical system has been used to evaluate qualitatively the activity of a class of nucleoside analogues against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The system identifies biologically relevant vertices (atoms) in the molecular graphs of the compounds which have the biological activity of interest. The idea is to relate biological activity with the structural or substructural characteristics of the compounds from the point of view of molecular topology (connectivity). The system brings vertices of similar or close topological environment in the respective compounds together and this is reflected in the ranges of values formed by a distance based index of the vertices, the 'distance exponent index (Dx)', where x is any real number. It is found that the system makes correct prediction of the activity of all the compounds (active as well as inactives) of both training set and the test set against HIV. It is also apparent from this study that the index D-4, which has been used here, can make a useful classification of the vertices according to their molecular environment and the system can produce significant result in a small as well as diverse data base.
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98
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Ghosh S, Pain S, Dey I, Biswas G, Mukhopadhyay BP, Banerjee A. Crystal and molecular sructure of a hexadecahydrated 2:1 co-complex of inosine 5'-monophosphate with L-serine, 2C 10H 13N 4O 8P.C 3H 7NO 3.16H 2O. Acta Crystallogr A 1993. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767378096075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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99
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Das BC, Dey I, Biswas G, Banerjee R, Iitaka Y, Banerjee A. Crystal and molecular structure of a new biguanide metal complex, [Cu(AMNH)2]Cl2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01182528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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100
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Chakrabarti AK, Biswas G, Das S. Malignant orbital tumours: observation in north Bengal. JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1993; 91:154-5. [PMID: 8409504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Sixty-one cases of malignant orbital tumours were analysed retrospectively in relation to the incidence, age, sex, race, anatomical site of origin of the tumours and their histological types in North Bengal. Retinoblastoma is the commonest type (65%) followed by adenocarcinoma (10%), squamous cell and basal cell carcinoma (8.8% each). Other tumours were rarely encountered.
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