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Okutsu R, Takase H, Miyakoda G, Mori T. Th-P15:93 Cilostazol reduces expression of scavenger receptor A and uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in macrophages. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)82053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kudoh A, Katagai H, Takase H, Takazawa T. Effect of preoperative discontinuation of antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients on outcome during and after anaesthesia. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2004; 21:414-6. [PMID: 15141803 DOI: 10.1017/s026502150422511x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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53
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) provide prognostic information for patients with heart failure, but little is known about its prognostic usefulness in patients with stable angina pectoris. We investigated whether BNP could be used as a marker for the prediction of anginal recurrence after successful treatment. DESIGN Brain natriuretic peptide levels of 77 patients with stable angina pectoris were measured at enrolment and after confirmation of successful treatment (i.e. no anginal attack for at least 6 months: chronic phase) with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and/or conventional medication. Then, we prospectively followed them up for 25.9 +/- 1.4 months, with the endpoint being a recurrence of anginal attacks. RESULTS An anginal attack recurred in seven patients. In patients without recurrence, BNP levels in the chronic phase (21 +/- 12 [median +/- median absolute deviation] pg mL-1) were lower than those measured at enrolment (46 +/- 25 pg mL-1, P < 0.0001), whereas the levels in patients with recurrence increased during the same period (from 36 +/- 16 to 72 +/- 42 pg mL-1, P < 0.05). A univariate analysis revealed that the BNP level measured in the chronic phase was the significant predictor of future anginal recurrence. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that the cutoff level of BNP in the chronic phase was 68 pg mL-1. The Kaplan-Meier method revealed that the incidence of anginal recurrence was higher in patients with higher (71.4%) than lower levels of BNP (2.9%; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Measurement of BNP levels after successful therapy is clinically useful for the prediction of recurrence of anginal attacks in patients with angina pectoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takase
- Enshu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Goto T, Takase H, Toriyama T, Sugiura T, Sato K, Ueda R, Dohi Y. Circulating concentrations of cardiac proteins indicate the severity of congestive heart failure. Heart 2003; 89:1303-7. [PMID: 14594884 PMCID: PMC1767943 DOI: 10.1136/heart.89.11.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that myocardium specific proteins may be useful markers for evaluating the severity of congestive heart failure. METHODS Serum concentrations of myosin light chain I (MLC-I), heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), and troponin T (TnT) and plasma concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined in 48 patients with acute deterioration of congestive heart failure, both before and after effective treatment. RESULTS Before treatment, MLC-I (mean (SEM) 3.2 (2.2) microg/l), H-FABP (9.0 (3.5) microg/l), TnT (30 (21) ng/l), and BNP (761 (303) ng/l) were higher than the normal reference range, and concentrations of CK-MB (5.4 (2.9) microg/l) were near normal. Treatment of congestive heart failure with conventional medication significantly decreased the concentrations of MLC-I (1.2 (0.3) microg/l, p < 0.0001), H-FABP (6.0 (2.0) microg/l, p < 0.0001), CK-MB (2.9 (1.5) microg/l, p < 0.0001), TnT (9 (1) ng/l, p < 0.001), and BNP (156 (118) ng/l, p < 0.0001). The decreases in H-FABP and CK-MB concentrations after treatment correlated with the decrease in BNP concentrations (p < 0.05). The absolute concentrations of MLC-I, H-FABP, CK-MB, and TnT correlated positively with those of BNP (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that MLC-I, H-FABP, CK-MB, and TnT may be used as reliable markers for the evaluation of the severity of congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Goto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Enshu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Pneumatic caisson engineering has been developed for large civil engineering constructions. Because of complaints of blurred vision by personnel working in pneumatic caissons, the development of myopia was suspected. The aim of this study was to determine the cause of the blurred vision and the mechanism underlying the changes. METHODS 12 caisson workers underwent a complete ophthalmological examination after completing up to 11 weeks of work (4 days/week) in a pneumatic caisson. Six months later, nine of the workers were examined again. RESULTS Nine subjects were myopic at the initial examination, and seven of these were considered to have developed the myopia after starting to work in the pneumatic caisson. Six months after completion of the work, the mean refractive change was significantly towards hyperopia. CONCLUSIONS The blurred vision in pneumatic caisson workers was in all likelihood due to the development of myopia. The refractive shift towards hyperopia after completion of work in the pneumatic caisson supports this and demonstrates that the changes were temporary. The myopia is similar to the myopia seen in patients treated by hyperbaric oxygen. Careful monitoring of the refraction of caisson workers should be performed for industrial health control.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Onoo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate school, Tokyo, Japan
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Takase H, Kushikata T, Kotani N, Kimura N, Ishihara H, Matsuki A. [A case of long-term respiratory management following resection of a huge facial hemangioma]. Masui 2001; 50:1253-6. [PMID: 11758338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
A 49 year-old-woman was scheduled for resection of a huge hemangioma of the face and neck region. After the resection, severe edema developed on the tongue, larynx, and pharynx even leaving no space between the tracheal tube and these tissues. Prolonged respiratory management with endotracheal tube intubation was needed to maintain the upper airway for more than three weeks. Tracheostomy was performed 27 days after the operation. Two weeks later, the edema of the upper airway subsided. Thereafter her clinical course was uneventful, and she was discharged 22 days after the tracheostomy. Resection of a huge facial and neck hemangioma should be carefully managed as it can be followed by unexpected severe postoperative upper airway edema leading to suffocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takase
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hirosaki, School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562
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Kurosaka Y, Ishida Y, Yamamura E, Takase H, Otani T, Kumon H. A non-surgical rat model of foreign body-associated urinary tract infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiol Immunol 2001; 45:9-15. [PMID: 11270613 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2001.tb01268.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study established a rat model of foreign body-associated urinary tract infection. A spiral polyethylene tube (PT) was placed transurethrally into the bladder without surgical manipulation, followed by transurethral inoculation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The persistence of P. aeruginosa in the kidneys and bladder was significantly enhanced by placement of the PT, whereas the bacteria were eliminated rapidly from the urinary tract in the animals without the PT. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a thick biofilm on the surface of the PT from the early stage of infection. Histopathologically, acute pyelonephritis was followed by chronic renal inflammation as well as continuous and sporadic polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation and hemorrhage in the pelvis and adjacent tissues, suggesting continuous ascending introduction of the bacteria from the biofilm adhering to the PT. We believe our model simulates the pathophysiology of foreign body-associated urinary tract infection characterized by biofilm formation on the surface of a foreign body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kurosaka
- New Product Research Laboratories #1, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
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Sato K, Dohi Y, Suzuki S, Miyagawa K, Takase H, Kojima M, van Breemen C. Role of Ca2+-sensitive protein kinase C in phenylephrine enhancement of Ca2+ sensitivity in rat tail artery. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2001; 38:347-55. [PMID: 11486239 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200109000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms on changes in sensitivity of contractile mechanisms to intracellular Ca(2+) (force /[Ca(2+)]i) by phenylephrine (0.1-100 microM) in rat tail arterial helical strips using simultaneous measurements of force and [Ca(2+)]i. Force/[Ca(2+)]Ii induced by phenylephrine was greater than that induced by 80 mM K+. Force/[Ca(2+)]i induced by phenylephrine in physiologic saline solution or low Ca(2+) solution was dependent on the agonist concentration. Removal of Ca(2+) completely abolished the phenylephrine-induced contraction. The PKC inhibitors staurosporine and calphostin C inhibited the increase in force/[Ca(2+)]i induced by phenylephrine to a much greater extent than that induced by 80 mM K+. LY379196, a specific PKCbeta inhibitor, did not inhibit the increase of calcium sensitivity due to phenylephrine. The classic PKC isoforms, alpha, betaI, and II not gamma were demonstrated in the artery by immunohistochemistry. These results suggest that in rat tail arterial smooth muscle, PKCalpha, and not beta or gamma, mediates the increase of changes in sensitivity of contractile mechanisms to intracellular Ca(2+) to high dose of alpha1 receptor stimulation (phenylephrine 100 microM) on nonphysiologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya City Johoku Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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Mori T, Takase H, Toide K, Hirano T, Kambe T, Nakayama N, Schwartz A. Pranidipine, a 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker that enhances nitric oxide-induced vascular relaxation. Cardiovasc Drug Rev 2001; 19:1-8. [PMID: 11314598 DOI: 10.1111/j.1527-3466.2001.tb00179.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pranidipine, a long acting 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, prolongs nitric oxide (NO)-mediated relaxation of rat aorta; it prolongs acetylcholine-induced relaxation in presence of endothelium as well as nitroglycerin-induced relaxation in absence of endothelium. In rat aorta the effect of pranidipine on NO-mediated relaxation is cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-independent, but in guinea pig carotid artery the same effect of pranidipine is cGMP-dependent. It has been reported that in co-cultured human endothelial and smooth muscle cells pranidipine, at a higher concentration (10(-6) M), enhances vasorelaxant effect of NO by blocking NO decomposition. The enhancement of NO action by pranidipine differs from the direct NO-releasing action of other 1,4-dihydropyridines. It is expected that enhancement of NO-induced vasodilatation will lead to a venodilator action in vivo and less peripheral edema. The target organ protective effects of pranidipine are also reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mori
- First Institute of New Drug Research, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 463-10 Kagasuno Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima 771-01, Japan.
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Kimura K, Yajima S, Takase H, Yokoyama M, Sakurai Y. SoI--gel modification of pH electrode glass membranes for sensing anions and metal ions. Anal Chem 2001; 73:1605-9. [PMID: 11321316 DOI: 10.1021/ac001434f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To obtain glass membrane electrodes selective for anions and metal ions, pH electrode glass membranes were modified by a sol-gel method using a quaternary ammonium salt and a bis(crown ether). A chloride ion-sensing glass membrane was designed, in which a pH electrode glass membrane was modified chemically by an alkoxysilyl quaternary ammonium chloride. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the chemical bonding of the quaternary ammonium moiety to the starting glass surface, which afforded the first example of glass-based "anion"-sensing membranes. A neutral carrier-type sodium ion-selective glass membrane was also fabricated which encapsulates a bis(12-crown-4) derivative in its sol-gel-derived surface. Both sol-gel-modified anion and metal ion-selective glass electrodes exhibited high sensitivity to their ion activity changes. The present sol-gel modification paves the way for designing glass-based ion sensors with tailor-made ion selectivities toward anions as well as cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Systems Engineering, Wakayama University, Japan.
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Takahashi T, Takase H, Urano T, Sugita S, Miyata K, Miyata N, Mochizuki M. Clinical features of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 uveitis: a long-term follow-up. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2000; 8:235-41. [PMID: 11262653 DOI: 10.1076/ocii.8.4.235.6454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the clinical manifestations of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 uveitis (HU), 112 HU patients who were followed up periodically for more than one year were retrospectively analyzed with respect to their ophthalmological and systemic complications. The gender ratio (female/male ratio) of the HU patients was 2.0 and the initial complications were foggy vision in 34.5%, ocular floaters in 33.3%, and blurred vision in 15.5%. As for the ocular symptoms, the majority (78.6%) of patients were classified as intermediate uveitis with vitreous inflammation. Recurrence of uveitis episodes was seen in one half of the patients (51.8%); 12 patients had more than six uveitis episodes. The interval of uveitis episodes varied from two weeks to 10 years. Nearly one half of the patients (43.8%) had ocular complications: e.g., cataract in 22 patients, persistent vitreous opacities in 17 patients, and glaucoma in 16 patients. Although the visual prognosis was essentially good, 11 patients had poor visual prognosis (<0.1). The causes of poor vision in these patients were cataract, cystoid macular edema, epiretinal membrane, and optic nerve atrophy. Of the 112 HU patients, two developed HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) after the onset of HU, while none developed adult T-cell leukemia. Sixteen HU patients had a previous history of Graves' disease and a past history of methimazole therapy, while Graves' disease was found in another HU patient only after HU onset and methimazole was not administered before the onset of HU. The present data of long-term follow-up indicate that (1) HU causes various ocular complications and its visual prognosis can be poor, (2) TSP/HAM can be induced even after the onset of HU, and (3) methimazole is not a risk factor of HU after Graves' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
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Sugita S, Taguchi C, Takase H, Sagawa K, Sueda J, Fukushi K, Hikita N, Watanabe T, Itoh K, Mochizuki M. Soluble Fas ligand and soluble Fas in ocular fluid of patients with uveitis. Br J Ophthalmol 2000; 84:1130-4. [PMID: 11004098 PMCID: PMC1723273 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.84.10.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the presence of soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) and soluble Fas (sFas) in ocular fluid of patients with uveitis. METHODS Samples of aqueous humour (AH, n=17), vitreous fluid (n=9), and serum (n=60) were collected from patients with uveitis which included Behçet's disease, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, sarcoidosis, human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) uveitis, sympathetic ophthalmia, HLA-B27 associated acute anterior uveitis, and ocular toxoplasmosis. The AH of patients with age related cataract without uveitis obtained during cataract surgery was used as controls (n=20). The amounts of sFasL and sFas were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Significant amounts of sFasL were detected in AH of patients with age related cataract (non-uveitis group). sFasL was also detected in AH of patients with uveitis, though the amounts were slightly lower than those in the non-uveitis group. On the other hand, the levels of sFas in AH of patients with uveitis were significantly higher than those in controls. As for the disease activity, the levels of sFasL and sFas in the vitreous fluid of patients with active uveitis were significantly higher than those in inactive uveitis. sFasL in the serum of healthy donors and patients with uveitis was below detectable levels, except for patients with HTLV-I uveitis who had significant amounts of sFasL in the serum. The levels of sFas in the serum of patients with Behçet's disease, sarcoidosis, and HTLV-I uveitis were significantly higher than those of healthy donors. CONCLUSIONS sFasL is present in the AH of non-uveitic eyes with age related cataract. Intraocular levels of sFasL and sFas are significantly increased in uveitis, particularly in active uveitis. These data suggest that intraocular sFasL and sFas may have a regulatory role in uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sugita
- Department of Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
To investigate the contribution of the TonB protein to high-affinity iron acquisition in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we constructed tonB-inactivated mutants from strain PAO1 and its derivative deficient in producing the siderophores pyoverdin and pyochelin. The tonB mutants could not grow in a free-iron-restricted medium prepared by apotransferrin addition, even though the medium was supplemented with each purified siderophore or with a heme source (hemoglobin or hemin). The tonB inactivation was shown to make P. aeruginosa unable to acquire iron from the transferrin with either siderophore. Introduction of a plasmid carrying the intact tonB gene restored growth of the tonB mutant of PAO1 in the free-iron-restricted medium without any supplements and restored growth of the tonB mutant of the siderophore-deficient derivative in the medium supplemented with pyoverdin, pyochelin, hemoglobin, or hemin. In addition, animal experiments showed that, in contrast to PAO1, the tonB mutant of PAO1 could not grow in vivo, such as in the muscles and lungs of immunosuppressed mice, and could not kill any of the animals. The in vivo growth ability and lethal virulence were also restored by introduction of the tonB-carrying plasmid in the tonB mutant. These results indicate clearly that the intact tonB gene-and, therefore, the TonB protein encoded by it-is essential for iron acquisition mediated by pyoverdin and pyochelin and via heme uptake in P. aeruginosa and suggest that the TonB-dependent iron acquisition may be essential for P. aeruginosa to infect the animal host.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takase
- New Product Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo 134-8630, Japan.
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Sato K, Kinoshita M, Kojima M, Miyagawa K, Takase H, Suzuki S, Dohi Y. Failure of L-arginine to induce hypotension in patients with a history of accelerated-malignant hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2000; 14:485-8. [PMID: 10962515 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A profound elevation of blood pressure on exercises or after withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs has been reported in patients with a history of accelerated-malignant hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that severe endothelial dysfunction is responsible for the profound hypertensive response in these patients. Responses of blood pressure, heart rate and plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate to intravenously infused L-arginine, a precursor of nitric oxide, was investigated in hypertensive patients with (group A) or without any history of accelerated-malignant hypertension (group B) in order to evaluate endothelial function. Casual blood pressure or severity of hypertension was not different between group A and B. Infusion of L-arginine decreased mean blood pressure in group B (97.4 +/- 8.7 to 81.7 +/- 6.9 mm Hg), but not in group A (99.0 +/- 10.2 to 101.5 +/- 8.7 mm Hg). Plasma levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate were increased after infusion of L-arginine in group B (5.4 +/- 2.0 to 7. 7 +/- 1.7 pmol/ml, P< 0.01), while no significant changes were observed in group A (5.4 +/- 2.1 to 5.9 +/- 2.1 pmol/ml). There was a significant correlation between decrease in mean blood pressure and increase in plasma levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (r = 0.83, P < 0.001). The results indicated that much more severe endothelial dysfunction is present in hypertensive patients with a history of accelerated-malignant hypertension as compared to those without the history. The difference in the endothelial function may account for the different pressor responses to exercises or other stimuli observed in hypertensive patients with and without a history of accelerated-malignant hypertension. Journal of Human Hypertension (2000) 14, 485-488
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya City Johoku Hospital, Japan
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Takase H, Sugiyama M, Nakazawa A, Sato K, Ueda R, Dohi Y. Long-term effect of antihypertensive therapy with calcium antagonist or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on serum nitrite/nitrate levels in human essential hypertension. Arzneimittelforschung 2000; 50:530-4. [PMID: 10918945 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1300243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial function is impaired in hypertension. In the present study the effects of long-term antihypertensive therapy on endothelial production of nitric oxide (NO) were investigated. Fifteen untreated mild to moderate essential hypertensive patients and 13 normotensive subjects were enrolled in this study. Blood pressure, heart rate, lipid profiles, cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) and nitrite/nitrate (NOx), which are stable metabolites of NO, were measured. The hypertensive patients were treated with a calcium antagonist, benidipine (CAS 91559-74-5) (Ca group: n = 8) or an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, trandolapril (CAS 87679-37-6) (ACEI group: n = 7) and 12 weeks after the treatment the same examinations were performed. NOx and cGMP levels in hypertensive patients were significantly lower than those in normotensive subjects (32.3 +/- 4.1 versus 49.0 +/- 6.5 mumol/l and 2.16 +/- 0.39 versus 3.39 +/- 0.42 pmol/ml, respectively). Both antihypertensive agents decreased the elevated blood pressure (mean blood pressure; 120 +/- 3 to 99 +/- 3 mmHg in Ca group and 117 +/- 4 to 104 +/- 4 mmHg in ACEI group) and normalized the decreased NOx and cGMP levels (29.1 +/- 6.2 to 46.2 +/- 8.6 mumol/l and 1.96 +/- 0.37 to 3.20 +/- 0.71 pmol/ml in Ca group, 36.0 +/- 5.3 to 54.7 +/- 6.9 mumol/l and 2.45 +/- 0.52 to 2.87 +/- 0.43 pmol/ml in ACEI group, respectively). Either benidipine or trandolapril improves the endothelial function and increases the impaired basal release of NO in hypertension. This suggests the beneficial effects of the drugs on protection against the vascular complications in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takase
- Department of Internal Medicine, Enshu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces siderophores, pyoverdin and pyochelin, for high-affinity iron uptake. To investigate their contribution to P. aeruginosa infections, we constructed allelic exchange mutants from strain PAO1 which were deficient in producing one or both of the siderophores. When inoculated into the calf muscles of immunosuppressed mice, pyochelin-deficient and pyoverdin-deficient mutants grew and killed the animals as efficiently as PAO1. In contrast, the pyochelin- and pyoverdin-deficient (double) mutant did not show lethal virulence, although it did infect the muscles. On the other hand, when inoculated intranasally, all mutants grew in the lungs and killed immunosuppressed mice. Compared with PAO1, however, the pyoverdin-deficient mutant and the double mutant grew poorly in the lungs, and the latter was significantly attenuated for virulence. Irrespective of the inoculation route, the pyoverdin-deficient and doubly deficient mutants detected in the blood were significantly less numerous than PAO1. Additionally, in vitro examination demonstrated that the growth of the double mutant was extremely reduced under a free-iron-restricted condition with apotransferrin but that the growth reduction was completely canceled by supplementation with hemoglobin as a heme source. These results suggest that both pyoverdin and pyochelin are required for efficient bacterial growth and full expression of virulence in P. aeruginosa infection, although pyoverdin may be comparatively more important for bacterial growth and dissemination. However, the siderophores were not always required for infection. It is possible that non-siderophore-mediated iron acquisition, such as via heme uptake, might also play an important role in P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takase
- New Product Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo 134-8630, Japan.
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Wight E, Küng CF, Moreau P, Takase H, Bersinger NA, Lüscher TF. Aging, serum estradiol levels, and pregnancy differentially affect vascular reactivity of the rat uterine artery. J Soc Gynecol Investig 2000; 7:106-13. [PMID: 10785610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of aging, ovarian ablation, and pregnancy on vascular reactivity of the rat uterine artery. METHODS Segments of uterine artery from 3-month-old pregnant and nonpregnant Wistar rats and from aged and ovariectomized animals, both 9 months of age, were exposed in vitro to vasoactive mediators. Absolute contractile force as well as endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular reactivity were determined. Isometric tension was recorded using a modified Mulvany myograph system. Results were compared with analysis of variance and Bonferroni-Dunn post hoc analysis and correlated with serum estradiol levels. RESULTS Aging up to 9 months decreased absolute tension of uterine arteries in vitro elicited by KCl (P < .0001), while not affecting receptor-operated responses to norepinephrine, endothelin-1, and angiotensin II. After ovarian ablation maximal contraction to norepinephrine was selectively reduced in the aged animal (P = .0053). Pregnancy increased absolute tension to KCl (P < .0001), norepinephrine (P < .008), and endothelin-1 (P = .0003), whereas relative contractile force (percentage of KCl) induced by norepinephrine and endothelin-1 remained unchanged and that induced by angiotension II decreased (P = .0001) in pregnant animals. In addition, pregnancy increased sensitivity to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine (P = .0022) but decreased that to the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside (P = .0062). Endothelium-dependent relaxation correlated with serum estrogen levels remained unchanged in 9-month-old Wistar rats, which physiologically exhibited high serum estrogen concentrations but was impaired with regard to both maximum relaxation (P < .0001) and sensitivity in aged rats (P = .0007) after ovariectomy. CONCLUSIONS Vascular contractility is impaired in the uterine artery of the aged rat as evidenced by reduced responses to KCl, whereas responses to receptor-operated agonists remain unchanged. Functional ovaries are essential to preserve endothelium-dependent relaxation in aging animals. During pregnancy, contractile machinery and endothelium-dependent relaxation are enhanced. In contrast, contractions to angiotensin II and endothelium-independent relaxation to sodium nitroprusside are reduced in late pregnancy. These changes in reactivity of the uterine artery may be important for the regulation of blood flow in the uterus according to physiologic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wight
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
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68
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Takase H, Sleeman BD. Non–existence of global solutions to anisotropic Fujita–type systems of semilinear parabolic equations. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2000. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2000.0521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Takase
- School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - B. D. Sleeman
- School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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69
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Watanabe M, Ohsaka Y, Hirai Y, Honma J, Takase H, Hirata T. [Postoperative interstitial pneumonia: 2 cases after lobectomy]. Kyobu Geka 2000; 53:167-71. [PMID: 10667032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Two patients with postoperative interstitial pneumonia are reported. Preoperative diagnosis was primary lung cancer without idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). Within one week after operation acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) occurred on the nonoperated side and developed. Steroid therapy was performed but one was dead. AIP is a fatal complication after pulmonary resection and steroid therapy may be useful in some cases of postoperative AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, National Sapporo Minami Hospital, Japan
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70
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Yamada T, Fujieda S, Mori S, Yamamoto H, Yamada M, Takase H, Saito H. [Chemokine, cytokine, and adhesion molecule dynamics in the nasal washings of patients with nasal polyps]. Jpn J Antibiot 2000; 53 Suppl A:112-5. [PMID: 10756467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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71
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Takase H, Nitanai H, Yamamura E, Otani T. Facilitated expansion of pneumococcal colonization from the nose to the lower respiratory tract in mice preinfected with influenza virus. Microbiol Immunol 1999; 43:905-7. [PMID: 10553684 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1999.tb01226.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae, when inoculated intranasally in 2 microl of suspension into BALB/c mice preinfected with influenza virus, colonized first in the nose, and several days thereafter also colonized significantly in the trachea and lungs with purulent inflammation. Pneumoccocal colonization was also observed in the noses of normal mice after the same bacterial inoculation, but not apparently in the lower respiratory tract. These results suggest that pneumococcal infection may develop from the upper to the lower respiratory tract as a possible sequence preferentially in influenza virus-infected subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takase
- New Product Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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72
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Ogata SI, Takase H, Hiratsuka K, Hotta Y. Mutational analysis of the signal for a nuclear localization of proteins which accumulate specifically during meiosis in lily microsporocytes. Plant Cell Rep 1999; 19:101-105. [PMID: 30754733 DOI: 10.1007/s002990050718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
LIM5 and LIM13 are novel meiosis-associated genes isolated from Lilium longiflorum. The presence of a hydrophobic N-terminal region predicted from the amino acid sequence has suggested that they function as extracellular structural components. However, both proteins also contain clusters of basic amino acids which may function as nuclear localization signals. To investigate the cellular localization of the protein, we tagged the C-termini of LIM5 and LIM13 with a green fluorescent protein. Transient expression of fusion proteins in onion epidermal cells revealed nuclear localization activity of both proteins. Mutational analysis indicated that amino acid sequences that constitute bipartite-type nuclear localization signals are necessary and sufficient for the intracellular localization of both proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-I Ogata
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan e-mail: Fax: +81-743-725529, , , , , , JP
| | - H Takase
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan e-mail: Fax: +81-743-725529, , , , , , JP
| | - K Hiratsuka
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan e-mail: Fax: +81-743-725529, , , , , , JP
| | - Y Hotta
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan e-mail: Fax: +81-743-725529, , , , , , JP
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73
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Watanabe M, Ohsaka Y, Hirai Y, Honma J, Takase H, Hirata T. [Surgical management of pulmonary disease due to nontuberculous mycobacteria]. Kyobu Geka 1999; 52:1101-5. [PMID: 10589190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Between 1983 and 1998, 9 patients with nontuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) underwent pulmonary resection. 8 patients were men and 1 was woman. Mean length of preoperative period was 20.3 months (range 6 months to 51 months). Most operative indication was localized NTM resistant to multidrug therapy. Lobectomy was performed in 7 patients, segmentectomy in one, partial resection in one. We have no operative mortality but air leaks occurred in one and he needed thoracoplasty. Mean postoperative follow up period was 67.7 months. Only one patients relapsed 34 months after the first operation. For localized NTM, early surgical management results good outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, National Sapporo Minami Hospital, Japan
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74
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Nara T, Saka T, Sawado T, Takase H, Ito Y, Hotta Y, Sakaguchi K. Isolation of a LIM15/DMC1 homolog from the basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus and its expression in relation to meiotic chromosome pairing. Mol Gen Genet 1999; 262:781-9. [PMID: 10628861 DOI: 10.1007/s004380051141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The Escherichia coli gene recA is essential for homologous recombination and DNA repair, and homologs have been identified in eukaryotes. A basidiomycete, Coprinus cinereus, which has many advantages for the study of meiosis, was recently reported to have a homolog of one of these, RAD51. In the yeast Saccharomyces, mutations in the RAD51 gene cause defects in both somatic and meiotic cells. Based on this finding, we screened for a meiosis-specific homolog of recA, equivalent to Lilium LIM15 or Saccharomyces DMC1, in C. cinereus, and isolated a clone containing a 1.2-kb DNA fragment from a cDNA library constructed with Coprinus poly(A)+ RNA isolated from cells undergoing meiosis. The predicted amino acid sequence was 52% identical to the putative gene product of the lily cDNA clone LIM15 and 61% identical to Saccharomyces DMC1, and showed limited sequence similarity to the products of RAD52, 55, and 57. The synchrony of meiosis in Coprinus provides an ideal system for the investigation of differential gene expression in relation to meiosis and fruiting body development. Northern analysis indicated that Coprinus LIM15/DMC1 was expressed at meiotic prophase within 8 h after the onset of karyogamy, suggesting that the gene functions mostly at the stage at which the homologous chromosomes pair, but may not be essential at the point at which they recombine. The gene is not expressed in somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nara
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Science University of Tokyo, Japan
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75
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Hotta Y, Hiratsuka K, Takase H. [Function of proteins involving the chromosome construction during meiosis]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 1999; 44:1741-8. [PMID: 10503009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Hotta
- Graduate School of Bioscience, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Takase
- School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - B. D. Sleeman
- School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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77
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Mousavi A, Hiratsuka R, Takase H, Hiratsuka K, Hotta Y. A novel glycine-rich protein is associated with starch grain accumulation during anther development. Plant Cell Physiol 1999; 40:406-16. [PMID: 10394635 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
LIM14, originally identified as a lily gene associated with microsporogenesis, encodes a protein which has two distinct domains, one with glycine-serine repeats and the other with a hydrophobic signal peptide at the N-terminus. The putative LIM14 protein, however, is distinct from the glycine-rich cell wall proteins which have been described before. RNA analyses indicated that the LIM14 transcript is specifically detected in the anther from zygotene to young pollen stage. By using antibodies raised against recombinant LIM14 protein, we detected anther-specific 15 kDa protein. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that the LIM14 protein is associated with starch grains in the anther wall cells just prior to microspore mitosis and then accumulates at a higher level with the starch grains of immature pollen. We tagged LIM14 with the GUS and GFP reporter genes and introduced them into tobacco BY-2 cells. Analysis of the transformed cells revealed that the chimeric proteins are functional and specifically targeted to plastids. These results indicate that LIM14 is an anther-specific protein that may play a role in starch accumulation and amyloplast differentiation during anther development and pollen formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mousavi
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
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78
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Uchida K, Satoh T, Narushima S, Itoh K, Takase H, Kuruma K, Nakao H, Yamaga N, Yamada K. Transformation of bile acids and sterols by clostridia (fusiform bacteria) in Wistar rats. Lipids 1999; 34:269-73. [PMID: 10230721 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-999-0363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects on bile acid and sterol transformation of clostridia (fusiform bacteria), the dominant intestinal bacteria in rodents (ca. 10(10) counts per g wet feces) were examined in Wistar rats. After inoculation of clostridia into germ-free rats and into rats previously inoculated solely with Escherichia coli, most of the endogenous bile acids were deconjugated, and cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid were 7alpha-dehydroxylated to deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, respectively. Tauro-beta-muricholic acid, another major bile acid in rats, was deconjugated, but only part of it (ca. 30%) was transformed into hyodeoxycholic acid. Cholesterol and sitosterol were also reduced to coprostanol and sitostanol, respectively. Escherichia coli transformed neither bile acids nor sterols. These data suggest that clostridia play an important role in the formation of secondary bile acids and coprostanol in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uchida
- Strategic Information Unit, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan.
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79
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Takase H, Oemar BS, Pech M, Lüscher TF. Platelet-derived growth factor-induced vasodilatation in mesenteric resistance arteries by nitric oxide: blunted response in spontaneous hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1999; 33:223-8. [PMID: 10028929 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-199902000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent mitogen for vascular smooth-muscle cells, but its effects on vasomotion remain controversial. Both vasoconstriction and vasodilatation of isolated rat aortic rings have been reported. The effects of PDGF on responses of perfused mesenteric resistance arteries from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats were studied by using a video dimension analyzer. PDGF receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in endothelial cells isolated from mesenteric arteries of both normotensive and hypertensive rats was studied by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. In both normotensive and hypertensive rats, PDGF-BB concentration-dependently induced vasodilatation (maximal response, 25 +/- 4% and 13 +/- 4% at 10(-8) M, respectively; p < 0.05, normotensive vs. hypertensive rats). Endothelium removal or preincubation with N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, but not indomethacin, inhibited these relaxations, indicating that these vasodilatations are endothelium dependent and mediated by nitric oxide. RT-PCR analysis showed that both PDGF-alpha and -beta receptor mRNAs were present in endothelial cells of the mesenteric arteries of normotensive as well as hypertensive rats. In addition, relaxations induced by both PDGF-AA and -AB were significantly less than those induced by PDGF-BB in both strains, suggesting that vasodilatation is mediated mainly by the PDGF-beta receptor subtype. No vasoconstriction was observed after application of PDGF-BB to both normotensive and hypertensive mesenteric arteries with or without endothelium. In rat mesenteric resistance arteries, PDGF induces endothelium-dependent vasodilatation mediated by nitric oxide. At sites where PDGF is released or locally produced, therefore, the growth factor may participate in regulating vascular tone, and this endothelium-dependent regulation is attenuated in spontaneous hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takase
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland
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80
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Wight E, Küng CF, Moreau P, Takase H, Lüscher TF. Chronic blockade of nitric oxide synthase and endothelin receptors during pregnancy in the rat: effect on reactivity of the uterine artery in vitro. J Soc Gynecol Investig 1998; 5:288-95. [PMID: 9824807 DOI: 10.1016/s1071-5576(98)00032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of chronic blockade of nitric oxide (NO) production and endothelin (ET-1) receptor antagonism on endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function of the uterine artery in vitro obtained from nonpregnant and pregnant rats. METHODS Pregnant or nonpregnant Wistar rats were either treated orally for up to 18 days with the NO synthase inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), the ETA-/ET beta-receptor antagonist bosentan, or both, or they received no treatment (controls). Absolute contractile force as well as endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular reactivity of uterine arteries were determined in vitro. Isometric tension was recorded. ANOVA and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Pregnancy increased absolute tension (mN/mm) elicited in uterine arteries by ET-1 (P < .01), serotonin (P < .05), norepinephrine (P < .02), and KCl (P < .0001). Chronic treatment with L-NAME or L-NAME plus bosentan, but not with bosentan alone, reduced contractions to KCl in pregnant and nonpregnant rats (P < .005-.0001), while pregnancy-induced enhancement in tension development remained unchanged in all groups (P < .005). After exposure of uterine arteries to L-NAME in vitro, vascular sensitivity to ET-1 was augmented in uterine arteries of pregnant but not of nonpregnant animals (P < .05). L-NAME-pretreatment did not influence the pregnancy-induced increase of vascular sensitivity to acetylcholine but reduced maximal relaxation in nonpregnant animals (P < .05). In addition, pregnancy diminished sensitivity of uterine arteries to sodium nitroprusside (P < .002), which was abolished by chronically administered L-NAME. Bosentan had no influence on vasodilation in vitro. CONCLUSION Neither endothelin-1 nor nitric oxide seem to contribute to the augmented tension to depolarization and receptor-operated stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cells in rat uterine arteries during pregnancy. In addition, pregnancy is associated with increased NO production in uterine arteries, as evidenced by augmented endothelium-dependent relaxations, increased NO release by endothelin-1, and decreased sensitivity to sodium nitroprusside.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wight
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland
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81
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Murakami N, Takase H, Saito T, Iwata K, Miura H, Naruse T. Effects of a novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (M-5011) on bone metabolism in rats with collagen-induced arthritis. Eur J Pharmacol 1998; 352:81-90. [PMID: 9718271 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of a novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), d-2-[4-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)phenyl]propionic acid: M-5011, and other NSAIDs (indomethacin, zaltoprofen and tiaprofenic acid) on bone metabolism in Dark Agouti (DA) strain rats with collagen-induced arthritis were evaluated. M-5011 (1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg) and other NSAIDs (1.5 mg/kg) were administered orally once a day from day 14 to day 35 after collagen immunization. In arthritic rats, paw volume and serum levels of anti-type II collagen antibody were increased on day 21 compared to those in non-immunized rats. M-5011 (4.5 mg/kg), indomethacin and zaltoprofen tended to prevent this increase in paw volume. Elevated urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline levels were found on days 28 and 35 in arthritic rats. M-5011 (4.5 mg/kg) also tended to prevent the increase in urinary pyridinoline level on day 28, but none of the other NSAIDs affected urinary deoxypyridinoline levels. Bone mineral densities in the hindpaw and vertebrae were also decreased in arthritic rats. M-5011 and tiaprofenic acid prevented this decrease in vertebral bone mineral density. These findings indicate that M-5011 partially inhibits the generalized bone loss accompanying the development of collagen-induced arthritis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Murakami
- Research and Development Laboratories, Osaka, Japan
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82
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Moreau P, Takase H, d'Uscio LV, Lüscher TF. Effect of chronic nitric oxide deficiency on angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of rat basilar artery. Stroke 1998; 29:1031-5; discussion 1035-6. [PMID: 9596254 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.29.5.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although in vitro studies suggest that nitric oxide has an inhibitory effect on cellular proliferation and migration, in vivo experiments failed to support this conclusion. The present study was designed to determine the effect of endogenous nitric oxide on angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of small arteries in vivo. METHODS Angiotensin II (200 ng/kg per minute), alone or in combination with N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (60 mg/kg per day), was administered for 2 weeks in normotensive rats. Basilar arteries were harvested, and their geometry was determined in perfused and pressurized conditions. RESULTS Angiotensin II increased media thickness, media-lumen ratio, and cross-sectional area of the arteries, confirming the presence of hypertrophic remodeling. The concomitant administration of L-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, prevented vascular hypertrophy. The remodeling of the basilar artery geometry in the combined treatment was of eutrophic nature, similar to that observed with the administration of L-NAME alone. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that endogenous nitric oxide does not inhibit angiotensin II-induced vascular hypertrophy in vivo. Nitric oxide may even be a necessary factor for hypertrophy to develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Moreau
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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Wight E, Küng CF, Moreau P, Takase H, Lüscher TF. Chronic blockade of nitric oxide-synthase and endothelin receptors during pregnancy in the rat: effect on pregnancy outcome. J Soc Gynecol Investig 1998; 5:132-9. [PMID: 9614642 DOI: 10.1016/s1071-5576(98)00004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptor antagonism and/or chronic blockade of nitric oxide (NO) production on pregnancy outcome in the rat. METHODS Pregnant or nonpregnant Wistar rats were either treated orally for up to 18 days with the NO-synthase inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), the ETA-/ETB-receptor antagonist bosentan (Roche Basel, Switzerland) or both, or received no treatment (controls). Blood pressure, body weight, and drug intake were measured at regular intervals. Pregnancy outcome and proteinurea were also determined. Analysis of variance and paired Student t test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Chronic L-NAME treatment increased systolic blood pressure by 69 and 64 mmHg in pregnant and virgin rats respectively (P < .05). Bosentan-blunted, L-NAME-induced hypertension at the beginning (P < .05), but not at the end of the treatment period in all rats examined. N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-treatment in pregnancy reduced the number of living fetuses at term (P < .05) and caused proteinurea (P < .05). Bosentan tended to reverse the effects of L-NAME on fetus number and proteinurea, but both effects failed to reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The effects of chronic, NO-synthase-blockade on blood pressure in gravid rats can be reversed only temporarily by ETA-/ETB-antagonism, suggesting an involvement of endothelin-1 in the early phase of the L-NAME-induced, preeclampsia-like syndrome during pregnancy, although at later stages other mechanisms may come into play.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wight
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland
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84
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Hiratsuka K, Takase H, Hotta Y. [Germ cell formation and gametophyte differentiation in higher plants]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 1998; 43:602-8. [PMID: 9557579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Hiratsuka
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
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85
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Homma Y, Tohjou F, Masamoto A, Shibata M, Shichi H, Yoshioka Y, Adachi T, Akai T, Gao Y, Hirano M, Hirano T, Ihara A, Kamejima T, Koyama H, Maier M, Matsumoto S, Matsunaga H, Nakamura T, Obata T, Okuno K, Sadayama S, Sasa K, Sasakawa K, Shimanuki Y, Suzuki S, Sykes DE, Tachikawa I, Takase H, Tanigaki T, Tomita M, Tosho H, Kurosawa S. Secondary ion mass spectrometry round-robin study of relative sensitivity factors in gallium arsenide. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9918(199802)26:2<144::aid-sia351>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
The bile acid concentrations in the serum, liver, bile, intestines, and feces of 3- and 19-mon-old male and female Nagase analbuminemic (NA) rats were compared with those in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. There was no significant difference in the bile acid levels between NA and SD rats. However, increased biosynthesis and pool size of cholic acid (CD) derivatives and decreased levels of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) derivatives (increased CA/CDCA ratio) were detected in male NA rats as compared to SD rats. The CA/CDCA ratio in female NA rats was not different from that in their SD counterparts. There were no significant differences between NA and SD rats in the biliary bile flow, bile acid levels in the small and large intestines, fecal bile acid excretion, bile acid concentration in the portal and systemic circulation, and in the pool size of bile acids. The blood lipid concentrations were significantly higher in the NA rats than in the SD rats. The hepatic levels of lipids were not significantly different between the two rat strains. In conclusion, this study showed that metabolism of bile acids in NA rats is not significantly affected, and that the hypercholesterolemia observed in these strains is not related to abnormalities of bile acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kambe
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Mie University School of Medicine, Japan
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87
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Tumennasan K, Tuya T, Hotta Y, Takase H, Speed RM, Chandley AC. Fertility investigations in the F1 hybrid and backcross progeny of cattle (Bos taurus) and yak (B. grunniens) in Mongolia. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1997; 78:69-73. [PMID: 9345913 DOI: 10.1159/000134633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Investigations conducted in Mongolia into the sterility of the male khainag, an F1 hybrid animal resulting from crossing cattle (Bos taurus, 2n = 60) with yaks (B. grunniens, 2n = 60), are reported. Reduced numbers of spermatogonia appear to characterise the testicular tubules of the khainag, and despite the identical cytological appearance of the two parental karyotypes, synaptic anomalies are seen at meiotic prophase in primary spermatocytes. The female khainag is fertile and can be backcrossed to cattle or yak bulls to produce a B1 backcross animal, the ortoom. Further backcrossing of ortoom females to cattle or yaks will yield a B2 backcross animal, the usanguzee. The impression is gained of better meiotic pairing in the backcross animals than in the khainag. The "Haldane Rule" is followed perfectly by the cattle x yak hybrid; namely, sterility is confined to the male.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tumennasan
- Department of Genetics, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
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88
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Iwata K, Murakami N, Takase H, Saito T, Naruse T. Comparative study of the effects of indomethacin and NS-398, a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, on duodenal bicarbonate secretion induced by luminal acidification in rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 1997; 75:191-4. [PMID: 9414035 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.75.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the mechanisms of duodenal ulcerogenic activity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the effects of indomethacin (IND) on acid-stimulated duodenal bicarbonate secretion and histamine-induced duodenal ulcerogenic responses were studied in comparison with NS-398, a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor, in rats. IND (1 and 5 mg/kg, s.c.) significantly decreased duodenal bicarbonate secretion and potentiated duodenal lesion in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, NS-398 had no effect on these parameters. These findings suggest that duodenal ulcerogenicity of IND in the presence of histamine is mainly due to the inhibitory action on acid-stimulated bicarbonate secretion mediated by COX-1, but not by COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Iwata
- Research and Development Laboratories, Maruho Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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89
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Moreau P, d'Uscio LV, Shaw S, Takase H, Barton M, Lüscher TF. Angiotensin II increases tissue endothelin and induces vascular hypertrophy: reversal by ET(A)-receptor antagonist. Circulation 1997; 96:1593-7. [PMID: 9315552 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.96.5.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro studies on vascular smooth muscle cells suggest that endothelin has a stimulating effect on cellular proliferation. This study was designed to determine the endogenous effect of endothelin on angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of small arteries in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Two weeks of angiotensin II administration (200 ng x kg[-1] x min[-1]) increased media thickness, media/lumen ratio, and cross-sectional area of basilar and small mesenteric arteries, confirming the proliferative properties of angiotensin II. The tissue levels of endothelin-1 were elevated in mesenteric arteries after angiotensin II administration. The administration of the selective and specific ET(A)-receptor antagonist LU135252 (50 mg x kg[-1] x d[-1]) in combination with angiotensin II prevented the changes of vascular geometry and partially reduced the increase in blood pressure induced by angiotensin II. Indeed, part of the effect on the vascular structure of the endothelin-receptor antagonist seemed pressure-independent. CONCLUSIONS Our results therefore demonstrate that angiotensin II increases the production of endothelin in the blood vessel wall that, via ET(A) receptors, mediates changes in vascular structure of the cerebral and mesenteric circulation. Endothelin antagonists may therefore be of value to reduce blood pressure and to prevent vascular structural changes in conditions of increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Moreau
- Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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90
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Abstract
Serum cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid levels, liver cholesterol concentration, bile flow, biliary cholesterol, phospholipid and bile acid secretion rates, fecal sterol and bile acid levels and their bile acid compositions were examined in young-old parabiotic rats and compared with those in young and old control rats and young-young parabiotic rats. Bile acid composition was expressed in terms of the cholic acid group/chenodeoxycholic acid group (CA/CDCA) ratio. Body weight (BW) gain decreased after parabiosis especially in old rats, but the liver weight (g/100 g BW), diet-intake, feces dry weight, liver cholesterol concentration and fecal sterol level were almost the same in all the groups. The biliary bile acid secretion rate was higher and the fecal bile acid level was lower in old rats than those in young rats but both the levels became comparable with those in young rats after parabiosis of old rats with young rats. Young rats, however, showed no changes in these levels after parabiosis. The serum cholesterol level and the biliary and fecal CA/CDCA ratios in old rats were higher than those in young rats but decreased after parabiosis with young rats, although they were still higher than those in young rats. The serum cholesterol level in young rats increased after parabiosis with old rats, but not after parabiosis with young rats, and the fecal bile acid level and the CA/CDCA ratio were not changed in either case. It is concluded from these findings that the serum cholesterol level and the CA/CDCA ratio increased with age and that these increases were prevented after parabiosis with young rats while young rats, although their serum cholesterol level was increased, showed no increase in the CA/CDCA ratio after parabiosis with old rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uchida
- Strategic Information Unit, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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91
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Moreau P, Takase H, Küng CF, Shaw S, Lüscher TF. Blood pressure and vascular effects of endothelin blockade in chronic nitric oxide-deficient hypertension. Hypertension 1997; 29:763-9. [PMID: 9052893 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.29.3.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Because nitric oxide inhibits the synthesis and vasoconstrictor effect of endothelin-1, the effect of endothelin-1 may be enhanced under conditions of chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. We studied the effect of chronic therapy with bosentan, a combined endothelin-A/endothelin-B receptor antagonist, on blood pressure and vascular function and structure of small arteries as well as on the reactivity of the aorta in N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension. Six-week-old Wistar-Kyoto rats were randomly treated for 6 weeks with placebo (control), L-NAME (70 mg/kg per day), or L-NAME plus bosentan (100 mg/kg per day). The treatments were stopped 2 to 3 days before the in vitro experiments so that only the long-term effects of the drugs could be observed. L-NAME increased systolic blood pressure: bosentan did not prevent this effect although the initial blood pressure rise was delayed (P=NS versus L-NAME group). Bosentan administration did not modify the structural alteration of the resistance vessels induced by L-NAME, nor did it improve endothelium-dependent relaxation of resistance vessels or the aorta. However, bosentan therapy markedly increased endothelium-dependent contraction to acetylcholine, which was slightly enhanced by L-NAME. In contrast, bosentan inhibited aortic endothelium-dependent contractions when applied acutely in vitro. This observation, together with the increased maximal vasoconstriction to the thromboxane A2 receptor agonist U46619 after 2 weeks of bosentan administration, suggests that bosentan also interacts with the receptors mediating endothelium-dependent contractions. In conclusion, our experiments suggest a minor role of endothelin in chronic L-NAME-induced hypertension as well as in the concomitant alterations of vascular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Moreau
- University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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92
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Abstract
Angiotensin II, a constrictor and mitogen of vascular smooth muscle cells, affects the release of endothelium-derived factors such as nitric oxide or endothelin-1. This study investigated the influence of endothelin-1, using the selective endothelin A receptor antagonist LU135252, on blood pressure and endothelial function in angiotensin II-induced hypertension in the rat. Two weeks of angiotensin II administration (200 ng/kg per minute) increased systolic blood pressure (+35 +/- 5 mm Hg; tail-cuff method) compared with placebo (P < .05). LU135252 alone did not affect systolic pressure but lowered the angiotensin II-induced pressure increase (P < .05). In isolated aortic rings, endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine were reduced in the angiotensin II group (P < .05 versus placebo) and improved by concomitant chronic LU135252 treatment (P < .05 versus angiotensin II). Blood pressure elevation strongly correlated with impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine (r = -.967). LU135252 did not affect endothelium-independent relaxations to sodium nitroprusside, which were diminished after angiotensin II treatment (P < .05). In quiescent rings, chronic angiotensin II administration enhanced endothelium-dependent contractions to acetylcholine, which were reduced by LU135252 (P < .05). Impaired contractions to endothelin-1 and norepinephrine in the angiotensin II group were normalized after treatment with LU135252 (P < .05). Thus, chronic therapy with LU135252 partially prevents angiotensin II-induced hypertension and the alternations of the endothelial function observed in this experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V d'Uscio
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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93
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Abstract
Antibody responses and protection were studied in BALB/c mice immunized orally with formalin-inactivated influenza viruses (A/PR/8/34) combined with cholera toxin B subunit as adjuvant. Influenza virus-specific IgA as well as IgG antibody responses were induced in the mice, depending on the oral dosage frequency. The oral immunization by multiple doses resulted in reduction of viral replication in the nose and prevention of development of infection in the lung after intranasal (i.n.) challenge. The protective effect in the nose was thought to be related to the nasal IgA antibody response. The oral immunization was, however, less efficient for induction of the IgA antibody response and protection in the nose, compared with an i.n. immunization. The oral immunization following subcutaneous priming led to the complete protection in the nose, accompanied-by a prompt local IgA antibody response.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takase
- New Product Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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94
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Takase H, van de Ven T. Effect of a cofactor on the polymer bridging of latex particles to glass by polyethylene oxide. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0927-7757(96)03715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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95
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Murakami N, Takase H, Tomita T, Iwata K, Naruse T. Antinociceptive activity of a novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (M-5011) with low ulcerogenic effects in mice. Jpn J Pharmacol 1996; 72:29-37. [PMID: 8902597 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.72.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Both analgesic and ulcerogenic activities of d-2-[4-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)phenyl] propionic acid (M-5011), a novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), were compared with those of indomethacin (IND), ketoprofen (KP), diclofenac sodium (DIF), zaltoprofen (ZLT) and tiaprofenic acid (TIA) in mice. All orally administered NSAIDs including M-5011 inhibited kaolin-induced writhing in a dose-dependent manner. M-5011 had an effective antinociceptive activity (ED50 value) of 0.63 mg/kg, being more potent than ZLT (16.80 mg/kg) and TIA (4.78 mg/kg), equipotent to DIF (0.68 mg/kg), and less potent than IND (0.21 mg/kg) and KP (0.28 mg/kg). All drugs tested significantly reduced peritoneal 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) levels at the peak kaolin-induced writhing time (7.5 min post-kaolin injection) without affecting peritoneal bradykinin (BK) levels. Antinociceptive effects of all drugs were closely correlated with inhibition of peritoneal 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels. Ulcerogenic activities (UD50 value) of M-5011 in the stomach and small intestines were 88.23 and 46.09 mg/kg, respectively. UD50 values of other drugs in the stomach and small intestines were as follows: 8.96 and 4.78 mg/kg, 20.04 and 10.75 mg/kg, 4.19 and 2.24 mg/kg, 62.86 and 46.55 mg/kg, and 110.92 and 54.78 mg/kg for IND, KP, DIF, TIA, and ZLT, respectively. Thus, the safety indexes (UD50/ED50) of the stomach (or small intestine) for M-5011, IND, KP, DIF, TIA and ZLT were 140.05 (73.16), 42.67 (22.76), 71.57 (38.39), 6.16 (3.29), 13.15 (9.74) and 6.60 (3.26), respectively. These findings suggest that M-5011 is a useful NSAID that shows potent antinociceptive effects with low ulcerogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Murakami
- Research and Development Laboratories, Maruho Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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96
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Orito K, Takase H, Fujiki H, Mori T. Effects of toborinone (OPC-18790), a new positive inotropic agent, on action potential in guinea pig sinoatrial node: compared with milrinone and E-4031. Jpn J Pharmacol 1996; 72:79-82. [PMID: 8902604 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.72.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of toborinone ([(+/-)-6-[3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2 (1H)-quinolinone], OPC-18790), milrinone and E-4031 (1-(2-(6-methyl-2-pyridil)-1-ethyl)-4-(4-methanesulfonyl-amino-1-b enzoyl) piperidine dihydrochloride) on membrane potential were examined in isolated guinea pig sinoatrial node preparations. Toborinone, a new positive inotropic agent, prolonged cycle length (CL), depolarized maximum diastolic potential (MDP) and decreased maximum upstroke velocity (Vmax) and action potential amplitude (APA). On the other hand, milrinone, a peak III phosphodiesterase (PDE III) inhibitor, increased Vmax and APA and shortened CL and action potential duration. E-4031, an IK blocker, prolonged CL, depolarized MDP and decreased Vmax and APA. These results suggest that toborinone modulates the action potential like an IK blocker rather than a PDE III inhibitor in a sinoatrial node.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Orito
- 2nd Tokushima Institute of New Drug Research, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Japan
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97
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Abstract
1. The effect of endothelin antagonists on endothelium-dependent contractions was studied in conditions of stimulated endothelium-derived contracting factor (EDCF) release and with exogenous activation of thromboxane A2-endoperoxide receptors in the rat aorta. 2. The incubation of aortic rings with N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) led to EDCF-mediated contraction upon stimulation with acetylcholine (24 +/- 3% of KCl contraction). When vessels were preincubated with bosentan, an endothelinA- and endothelinB-receptor antagonist, in addition to L-NAME, acetylcholine-induced contraction was reduced to 8 +/- 2% (P < 0.01) of KCl contractions. PD147953, a selective endothelinA-receptor antagonist, reduced the contraction to 14 +/- 4% (P < 0.05) of KCl contractions. 3. Bosentan preincubation produced a significant parallel rightward shift of the contractions to U46619, a selective thromboxane A2 receptor agonist. In contrast, PD147953 failed to exhibit any inhibitory effect on U46619 contractions. 4. These results suggest that endothelin antagonists inhibit EDCF-mediated contractions by blocking endothelinA receptors and that, in addition, bosentan antagonizes the direct stimulation of thromboxane A2 receptors.
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MESH Headings
- 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Bosentan
- Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
- Endothelins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic/pharmacology
- Prostaglandins/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Receptors, Endothelin
- Receptors, Thromboxane/agonists
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Thromboxane A2/analogs & derivatives
- Thromboxane A2/pharmacology
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- P Moreau
- University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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98
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Satoh T, Uchida K, Takase H, Nomura Y, Takeuchi N. Bile acid synthesis in young and old rats. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1996; 23:1-11. [PMID: 15374163 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4943(96)00703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/1995] [Revised: 02/01/1996] [Accepted: 02/13/1996] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bile acid synthesis from orally administered (14)C-cholesterol or from (14)C-mevalonic acid administered intravenously were examined in male and female 2-, 12- and 24-month-old rats. About 5-9% of the '4C-cholesterol administered was recovered as bile acids from the small intestine 3 days after administration. The value in the case of (14)C-mevalonic acid was about 1/10 that of (14)C-cholesterol. Major bile acids were cholic acid and beta-muricholic acid, and the formation ratio of cholic acid increased in aged rats, although no further difference was found between 12- and 24-month-old animals of either sex. Male rats formed more beta-muricholic acid than females at all ages examined. In addition, no significant difference was found in the bile acid composition between both precursors, (14)C-cholesterol and (14)C-mevalonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Satoh
- Shionogi Strategic Infbrmation Unit, Shionogi and Co. Ltd., Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan
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99
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Takase H, Orito K, Mori T, Fujiki H, Sekiguchi K, Tominaga M, Iijima T. Positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of toborinone and its electrophysiological properties in the isolated hearts of rabbits and guinea-pigs. Arzneimittelforschung 1996; 46:579-86. [PMID: 8767347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The inotropic and chronotropic actions of toborinone ((+/-)-6-[3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylamino)-2-hydroxy-propoxy]-2(1H)-qu inolinone CAS 128667-95-8, OPC-18790) in the isolated right atrial and papillary muscles of rabbit and guinea-pig were examined and compared with those of milrinone (CAS 78415-72-2), a pure cyclic GMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase inhibitor. OPC-18790 (10(-7)-10(-4) mol/l) and milrinone (10(-3)-10(-4) mol/l) exerted concentration-dependent increases of contraction in both atrial and papillary muscles isolated from rabbits and guinea-pigs. In the isolated right atrium of rabbits and guinea-pigs, OPC-18790 showed limited increase in heart rate, while milrinone increased heart rate concentration-dependently. OPC-18790 (10(-6) and 10(-5) mol/l in guinea-pigs and 10(-7)-10(-4) mol/l in rabbits) prolonged the action potential duration in the isolated papillary muscles, while milrinone exerted no such change. In whole-cell voltage clamp experiments using isolated cardiac myocytes of guinea-pigs, OPC-18790(10(-5) mol/l) increased the L-type calcium current and inhibited outward potassium currents such as inward rectifying currents and delayed rectifier currents. OPC-18790 and milrinone (10(-6), 3 x 10(-5) mol/l) increased intracellular cyclic AMP levels with an increase in developed tension in isolated right ventricular muscles of guinea-pigs. From the above results, OPC-18790 was shown to be a positive inotropic agent with limited chronotropic effect and electrophysiologically properties different from those of milrinone. It was suggested that the prolongation of action potential duration, which is due to the inhibition of potassium currents, may be involved in OPC-18790's mechanism of positive inotropic action with limited chronotropic effect in addition to the inhibition of cyclic GMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takase
- 2nd Tokushima Institute of New Drug Research, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
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100
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Uchida K, Satoh T, Chikai T, Takase H, Nomura Y, Nakao H, Takeuchi N. Influence of cholesterol feeding on bile acid metabolism in young and aged germ-free rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 1996; 71:113-8. [PMID: 8835637 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.71.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of cholesterol feeding on serum and liver cholesterol levels, fecal and biliary bile acid levels, bile acid pool size and bile acid composition were examined in 2-, 12- and 24-month-old male germ-free rats. The major bile acids in these animals were cholic and beta-muricholic acids. Cholesterol feeding increased synthesis of bile acids by 3- to 4-fold, especially that of chenodeoxycholic acid (mainly beta-muricholic acid in the rat), decreasing the cholic acid/chenodeoxycholic acid (CA/CDCA) ratio in all rats regardless of age, even though the CA/CDCA ratio increased as a linear function of age in both diet groups. Cholesterol feeding increased the serum cholesterol level markedly in aged rats. This hypercholesterolemia may be produced by the increase in CA/CDCA ratio in aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uchida
- Strategic Information Unit, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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